WO2024001131A1 - 一种换电平台及换电站 - Google Patents

一种换电平台及换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024001131A1
WO2024001131A1 PCT/CN2022/142832 CN2022142832W WO2024001131A1 WO 2024001131 A1 WO2024001131 A1 WO 2024001131A1 CN 2022142832 W CN2022142832 W CN 2022142832W WO 2024001131 A1 WO2024001131 A1 WO 2024001131A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
platform
cover
parking platform
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/142832
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹恒访
肖申
张鹏
吴小平
Original Assignee
博众精工科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 博众精工科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 博众精工科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024001131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024001131A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of battery charging and swapping, such as a battery swapping platform and a battery swapping station.
  • the current mainstream power supply solutions include charging solutions and battery replacement solutions.
  • the battery replacement solution can complete the replacement of the power battery in a very short time and has no obvious impact on the service life of the power battery, so it is one of the main development directions of electric energy supply.
  • the battery replacement solution is generally completed in a charging and swapping station.
  • the charging and swapping station is equipped with a battery rack for storing batteries, a battery swapping platform for parking vehicles, and a fully charged/depleted power battery between the battery rack and the battery swapping platform. battery transfer device.
  • the height of the battery swap platform is usually low, which cannot meet the height space required when the battery is transferred from underneath the battery swap platform.
  • the first is to dig out a battery channel in the ground under the battery replacement platform, and the batteries are transported through the battery channel. This will result in higher infrastructure costs for the battery swap station and longer landing time, which is not conducive to rapid operation.
  • the second method is to lift the vehicle up to a certain height. After there is sufficient height between the vehicle and the surface of the power exchange platform, the battery rotating mechanism takes the battery into or out of the vehicle chassis from the surface of the power exchange platform.
  • the third method is that the entire battery swap platform carries the vehicle and rises to a certain height so that there is enough height below the parking platform.
  • the battery rotating mechanism takes the battery into or out of the vehicle chassis from below the battery swap platform.
  • the vehicle or parking platform needs to be raised, which has certain safety hazards.
  • the driver needs to get out of the car and wait for the battery replacement process to be completed before getting in and moving the vehicle.
  • Driving away the user experience is very bad.
  • the lifting and lowering process of the vehicle or battery swapping platform also increases the battery swapping time, which is not conducive to improving the battery swapping efficiency.
  • the lifting mechanism is complex and costly. In the related art, the idea of completing the battery swap without setting up a vehicle lifting mechanism is proposed, but no specific solution is provided.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can avoid the high infrastructure costs of battery swapping stations in related technologies, as well as the need to lift the vehicle to perform battery swaps, resulting in poor safety, poor experience, low efficiency, and high costs.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a The battery swap platform and the battery swap station integrated with the battery swap platform can realize the operation of the battery without digging the battery channel or lifting the vehicle and leaving the battery operation space on the side of the parking platform, thereby improving safety and efficiency of battery swap. efficiency and improve user experience.
  • This application provides a battery replacement platform, including:
  • an avoidance mechanism at least partially located in the transmission channel; in response to determining that the battery performs at least one of the following operations via the transmission channel: leaving the parking platform, and entering the parking platform, the avoidance mechanism is relative to The transmission channel moves.
  • This application also provides a power swap station, which includes the above-mentioned power swap platform and a battery compartment.
  • the battery compartment is configured to accommodate batteries, and a transmission channel connects the parking platform and the battery compartment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the power exchange platform of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the avoidance mechanism of this application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the parking platform of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the encryption and unlocking platform of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present application.
  • the power exchange platform of this application includes: parking platform 1, transmission channel and avoidance mechanism 5; wherein:
  • the parking platform 1 is configured to park vehicles, support and position the vehicle, and adjust the relative position of the vehicle and the parking platform to ensure that the vehicle can be adjusted to correspond to the unlocking and unlocking platform 2 regardless of the parking angle or position.
  • a transmission mechanism 3 is provided in the transmission channel, and the battery is transported through the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the battery leaves and/or enters the parking platform 1 through the transmission channel; because the battery exchange platform in this embodiment is not provided with a lifting mechanism. , there is no need to lift the vehicle during the battery replacement process. Therefore, in order to ensure that the battery can pass through, the transmission mechanism 3 is set lower than the parking platform 1 .
  • this application also sets an avoidance mechanism 5 on the circulation path of the transmission mechanism.
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 moves, pre- A channel is left for battery transfer; when the battery is not transferred, the avoidance mechanism 5 is spliced with the parking platform 1 to form a channel for the vehicle to walk, which does not affect the normal movement of the vehicle.
  • the battery can enter and leave the parking platform 1 through the same transmission channel, or the battery can enter and leave the parking platform 1 through different transmission channels respectively. This application does not impose specific restrictions on this. .
  • an avoidance mechanism 5 is provided in at least one of the transmission channels.
  • this embodiment also includes a locking and unlocking platform 2.
  • the locking and unlocking platform 2 can be fixed inside the parking platform 1 so that the locking and unlocking platform 2 is always under the battery-changing vehicle, and the battery of the parked vehicle can be disassembled and unlocked. It can be installed.
  • the locking platform 2 is fixed to the designated power exchange position, and there is no need to set up a redundant transfer mechanism (Rail Guided Vehicle (RGV) car or An automatic guided vehicle (Automated Guided Vehicle, AGV) drives the adding and unlocking platform 2 to move, and the adding and unlocking platform 2 is set directly under the battery swapping vehicle.
  • RUV Red Guided Vehicle
  • AGV Automatic guided vehicle
  • the lifting mechanism lifts the vehicle, allowing the transfer mechanism to drive the locking and unlocking platform 2 to move underneath the vehicle.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 is docked with the locking and unlocking platform 2, and the battery can be transferred without moving the locking and unlocking platform 2. There is no need to set up a transfer robot to drive the locking and unlocking platform 3 to move, so that the locking and unlocking platform 2 is always set under the vehicle. Just complete the loading, loading and unlocking actions of the battery, realize the docking with the transmission mechanism 3 through lifting, and transport the battery out or into the parking platform 1 through the transmission mechanism 3;
  • the battery swap platform of this embodiment through the above structural settings and layout, can realize the operation of the battery without lifting the vehicle, improve safety and battery swap efficiency, and improve the user experience.
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 includes a cover 51.
  • the initial position of the cover 51 is flush with the parking platform 1.
  • the cover 51 rises To support the vehicle, when the vehicle drives into or out of the parking platform 1, the cover 51 is connected with the parking platform to ensure that the vehicle can be on the parking platform 1 before and after the power exchange.
  • the cover 51 rises to avoid the battery transmission channel in the transmission channel;
  • a lifting mechanism 52 is provided below the cover 51 to drive the cover 51 to move.
  • the lifting mechanism 52 drives the cover 51 to lift. Start and avoid the battery transmission channel.
  • the lifting mechanism 52 is arranged on at least one side of the cover 51 to avoid the battery transmission channel; in this embodiment, in order to ensure that To ensure the smoothness of the lifting and lowering of the cover 51, the width of the cover 51 is set to be greater than the width of the battery, so that when the battery moves from below the cover 51 driven by the transmission mechanism 3, both sides of the cover 51 Both sides are wider than the battery, and a lifting mechanism 52 is provided under the cover 51 that is wider than both sides of the battery. At least two sets of lifting mechanisms 52 are provided to synchronously drive the cover 51 up and down to ensure that the cover 51 rises and falls horizontally. At the same time, the balance of the lifting power is ensured. In this embodiment, two groups of lifting mechanisms 52 are provided. The lifting mechanisms 52 are arranged in the middle of the cover plate 51. In other embodiments, four groups of lifting mechanisms can also be provided. Mechanism 52, the lifting mechanism 52 can be provided at the corner of the cover plate 51.
  • the specific form of the lifting mechanism 52 is not limited.
  • the lifting mechanism 52 can be an electric push rod, a gear rack, a cylinder, an oil cylinder, etc., as long as it can complete the driving of the cover plate 51 Just complete the lifting action.
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 also includes a lifting guide mechanism 53 arranged below the cover plate 51.
  • the lifting guide mechanism 53 limits the moving direction of the cover 51 and prevents the cover 51 from tilting.
  • the lifting guide mechanism 53 adopts the guidance method of a guide pillar, which is arranged at the corner below the cover plate 51.
  • the guide pillar includes a fixed guide sleeve and a set of The end of the guide rod in the guide sleeve is connected to the cover plate 51.
  • the cover plate 51 drives the guide rod to move along the guide rod.
  • the guide sleeve slides in the sleeve, and the guide sleeve defines the only sliding direction of the guide rod, thereby guiding the cover plate 51 .
  • the lifting guide mechanism 53 can also adopt a guide wheel guide method, with guide rails provided along the moving direction of the cover plate 51 , and guide wheels sliding along the guide rails are provided on the sides of the cover plate 51 , the cover plate 51 is guided through the cooperation of the guide wheel and the guide rail.
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 When a vehicle passes through the cover 51 , the weight of the vehicle will be transferred to the lifting mechanism 52 through the cover 51 . Since the vehicle is relatively heavy, if only the lifting mechanism 52 is used to support the vehicle, it is possible that the lifting mechanism will be damaged. The mechanism 52 causes damage. Therefore, the avoidance mechanism 5 also includes a support mechanism 54 arranged below the cover plate 51. When the avoidance mechanism 5 and the parking platform 1 are spliced to form a channel, the support mechanism 54 supports the cover plate. 51.
  • multiple groups of support mechanisms 54 are provided below the cover 51 , and multiple groups of the support mechanisms 54 are arranged at the corners below the cover 51 .
  • multiple sets of support mechanisms 54 are arranged at the same height.
  • the support mechanism 54 includes a fixed support block and a support leg connected to the cover.
  • the vehicle When a vehicle passes through the cover plate 51, the vehicle may not necessarily pass through the center of the cover plate 51 accurately. In this way, the force on both sides of the cover plate 51 is uneven, causing one side of the cover plate to be The pressure on the other side is large, and the pressure on the other side is small.
  • the cover plate has a tendency to tilt left and right. In this way, the lifting guide mechanism 53 and the lifting mechanism 52 will be subject to lateral pressure, which can easily cause the lifting guide mechanism 53 and the lifting mechanism to 52 damage.
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 of this embodiment also includes a lateral force-bearing mechanism 57.
  • the lateral force-bearing mechanism 57 is provided with a limited slot.
  • the supporting mechanism 54 When the support mechanism 54 is driven down by the lifting mechanism, The supporting mechanism 54 can fall into the limiting groove, which can limit the sliding of the supporting mechanism 54 relative to the lateral force-bearing mechanism 57 and prevent the supporting mechanism 54 from sliding.
  • the lateral force-bearing mechanism 57 is made of plastic, and a number of notches are provided on the bottom surface of the limiting groove.
  • the support mechanism 54 contacts the lateral force-bearing mechanism 57 the lateral force-bearing mechanism 57 is The support mechanism 54 squeezes the notch to deform, which can increase the friction force of the contact surface and prevent the guide mechanism 53 and the lifting mechanism 52 from receiving lateral force.
  • the cover plate 51 When a vehicle passes through the cover plate 51 , the cover plate 51 needs to carry a certain weight. Due to the large width of the cover plate 51 , the middle position of the cover plate 51 is easily dented.
  • the inner side of 51 is also provided with reinforcing ribs to support the cover plate 51 .
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 also includes a movement detection sensor 55.
  • the movement detection sensor 55 includes a fixedly arranged photoelectric emitter and can move with the cover plate 51 Mobile photoelectric receiver. During the lifting and lowering of the cover 51, the photoelectric transmitter emits photoelectric signals in the horizontal direction in real time. When the cover 51 rises to a sufficient height, the photoelectric receiver can receive the photoelectric signals. At this time, it represents the cover plate. The rising height of 51 is enough to avoid the battery and prevent the battery from colliding with the cover 51 .
  • the avoidance mechanism 5 of this embodiment needs to be docked with the parking platform 1 and will rise to a certain height relative to the parking platform 1. Therefore, when the cover 51 rises relative to the parking platform 1, the cover 51 and the parking platform There is a height difference in the plane where 1 is located, resulting in a gap. If you accidentally insert your hands or feet into the gap, personal injury will occur when the cover 51 moves relative to the parking platform 1, so there is a certain safety risk.
  • a downwardly extending baffle 56 is provided on the side periphery of the cover 51.
  • the baffle 56 When the cover 51 is spliced with the parking platform 1, the baffle 56 Lower than the parking platform surface, when the cover plate 51 rises, the baffle plate 56 rises with it. The height of the baffle plate 56 is higher than the rising height of the cover plate 51. The lowest point of the baffle plate 56 will not be higher than the parking platform surface. , to prevent foreign objects from invading the battery channel formed from both sides, and to prevent the battery from being interfered by intruders during transportation, or when the cover 51 is lowered, the baffle 56 will hit the intruders.
  • the gap is set to be no larger than a human finger.
  • the gap is set to 2 to 5 mm to avoid Injury to someone's hand or foot.
  • a bearing mechanism is provided on the parking platform 1 in this embodiment.
  • the bearing mechanism includes a first roller group 11 and a second roller set at intervals.
  • the first roller group 11 is configured to carry the two front wheels of the vehicle
  • the second roller group 12 is configured to carry the two rear wheels of the vehicle.
  • the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 are configured to carry the two rear wheels of the vehicle.
  • the roller surface composed of the two roller groups 12 is relatively wide. After the driver drives the vehicle to the parking platform 1, regardless of the relative position of the vehicle, it is easy to park the four wheels of the vehicle in the first position along the width direction of the vehicle.
  • the roller set 11 and the second roller set 12 in order to ensure the parking position of the vehicle is accurate, the vehicle needs to be positioned in two directions, namely the forward/reverse direction of the vehicle and the width direction of the vehicle.
  • At least one of the first roller group 11 or the second roller group 2 includes two sets of rollers arranged obliquely to the vertical direction. , the two groups of rollers are inclined in opposite directions, and the two groups of rollers form a V-shaped groove.
  • the driver can feel that the vehicle's wheels are embedded in the V-shaped groove. At this time, it means that the vehicle has been parked in the forward/reverse direction. The driver can operate the vehicle to stop and realize the control of the vehicle. position in the forward or backward direction.
  • a roller set with a V-shaped groove is provided to support the front wheels of the vehicle.
  • the front wheel of the vehicle will first pass through the roller set supporting the rear wheel, and then reach the roller set supporting the front wheel. If the roller set supporting the rear wheel is equipped with a V-shaped groove, When the front wheel of the vehicle passes by, it may be mistakenly thought to have been parked in place, misleading the driver. If the roller set supporting the front wheel is provided with a V-shaped groove, this misjudgment can be avoided.
  • a side push centering mechanism 13 is also provided.
  • the side push centering mechanism 13 is arranged on both sides of the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 to push the wheels from both sides, so that the wheels can be aligned.
  • the side push centering mechanism 13 includes a centering push rod and a push rod driving source, and the push rod driving source drives the centering push rod to push the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 on the wheels. Since both the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 have round roller surfaces, the vehicle can move laterally under the push of the centering push rod to position the vehicle in the width direction.
  • the side push centering mechanisms 13 provided on both sides of the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 synchronously push the front wheels and rear wheels of the vehicle to ensure that the front wheels and rear wheels are centered and prevent the vehicle from tilting. .
  • the side push centering mechanism 13 can also be provided only on one side of the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 , and the other side is provided as a limiting mechanism. The wheel is pushed to abut against the limiting mechanism through the side push centering mechanism 13 to achieve positioning of the wheel.
  • the battery replacement platform can be applied there is a limit to the length of the vehicle's axle.
  • the axle length of the vehicle to be replaced is long or short, only the front wheels or only the rear wheels of the vehicle are located on the roller set, which makes it inconvenient for the centering push rod to push the vehicle for lateral positioning, and subsequent steps cannot be achieved.
  • the battery replacement action reduces the applicable range.
  • a spacing adjustment mechanism 14 is also provided between the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12.
  • the spacing adjustment mechanism 14 includes a The slide rail for moving the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 and the spacing adjustment driving source for pushing the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 to slide along the slide rail, the spacing The driving source is adjusted to push the first roller group 11 or the second roller group 12 closer or farther away from each other on the slide rail, so that the distance between the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 can be adjusted, and different types of rollers can be adjusted.
  • Vehicle model location for moving the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 and the spacing adjustment driving source for pushing the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 to slide along the slide rail, the spacing The driving source is adjusted to push the first roller group 11 or the second roller group 12 closer or farther away from each other on the slide rail, so that the distance between the first roller group 11 and the second roller group 12 can be adjusted, and different types of rollers can be adjusted.
  • Vehicle model location is adjusted to push the first roller group 11 or the second roller group 12 closer or farther away from each other on the slide rail, so that the distance
  • the locking and unlocking platform 2 of this embodiment needs to have a lifting function and a locking and unlocking function.
  • the locking and unlocking platform 2 includes a lifting mechanism 21 and a locking and unlocking mechanism 22.
  • the mechanism 21 takes over the battery and realizes the transportation of the battery between the vehicle and the transmission mechanism.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 includes a lifting platform configured to carry the battery.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 drives the lifting platform to move up and down, thereby changing the The height of the lifting platform relative to the transmission mechanism 3 realizes the transfer of the battery between the lifting platform and the transmission mechanism 3; when disassembling the battery, the lifting mechanism 21 first drives the lifting platform to rise, causing the lifting platform to rise.
  • the carrier is in a high position, and the lifting platform is higher than the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 drives the lifting platform to lower, so that the lifting platform is in a low position.
  • the lifting platform is lower than the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 first drives the lifting platform to descend, so that the The lifting platform is in a low position and is lower than the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the lifting platform will not affect the transportation of the battery on the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 drives the lifting platform to rise.
  • the battery will fall on the lifting platform, so that the battery realizes the transfer between the lifting platform and the transmission mechanism 3.
  • the lifting platform plays a supporting role for the battery.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 drives the lifting platform to continue to rise, so that the lifting platform is at a high position, and the battery is sent into the vehicle, and then the locking and unlocking mechanism 22 is used to complete the process.
  • the lifting mechanism 21 drives the lifting platform to drop again, so that the lifting platform drops to a low position again, completing the battery installation action.
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 22 is floatingly provided on the lifting mechanism 21 .
  • the locking and unlocking mechanism 22 includes a locking component.
  • the vehicle is provided with a lock head that cooperates with the locking component.
  • the locking component drives the lock head to rotate, thereby realizing the unlocking and unlocking of the battery.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 adopts the form of a transmission line to transport batteries individually to realize the flow of batteries between the unlocking and unlocking platform 2 and the charging bin.
  • the transmission line can be set as a plate chain transmission line or a roller transmission line.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 includes two parallel transmission belts 31 , a transmission link 32 provided between the two transmission belts 31 , and a transmission driving source 33 that drives the transmission belt 31 to rotate.
  • the transmission driving source 33 drives the two transmission belts 31 to rotate synchronously through the transmission link 32 , thereby realizing the transfer of the battery on the transmission belt 31 .
  • a transmission line may be provided.
  • the two transmission belts 31 of the transmission line are provided on both sides of the locking and unlocking platform 2 and extend directly into the charging compartment through a transmission line.
  • Two transmission lines can also be provided, one of which is embedded in the encryption and unlocking platform 2, and the other transmission line is connected to the transmission line embedded in the encryption and unlocking platform 2, extends to the charging compartment, and is connected to the encryption and unlocking platform 2 through one transmission line.
  • Another transmission line implements the transfer of batteries.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 can also use a transfer mechanism such as an AGV or RGV trolley to move synchronously with the battery to jointly realize the transfer between the unlocking and unlocking platform 2 and the battery compartment.
  • the transmission mechanism 3 includes a transport rail 34 , a traveling vehicle 35 , and a carrying platform 36 .
  • One end of the transportation rail 34 extends to the side of the locking and unlocking platform 2, and the other end extends into the charging compartment.
  • the traveling vehicle 35 slides on the transportation rail 34 along the extension direction of the transportation rail 34.
  • the loading and unlocking platform 5 can be avoided during the process, and the bearing platform 36 is protrudingly provided on the walking vehicle 35 and is configured to support the battery.
  • this application also discloses a power swap station, which includes the above-mentioned power swap platform, which also includes a battery charging rack and a stacker.
  • the stacker is used to transport batteries between the battery swap platform and the battery charging rack. Since the power exchange platform in this embodiment does not need to use a lifting mechanism and a transfer robot, compared with the power exchange station in the related art, there is no need to lay a dedicated track or guide line. The traditional track or guide line needs to occupy the battery for charging.
  • rack and battery swap platform There are two areas: rack and battery swap platform.
  • the battery swap platform, battery charging rack and palletizer can be integrated into one container, realizing the miniaturization and integration of the battery charging and swap station. The integrated operation ensures that the battery swapping station can be operated as soon as it arrives, which improves the battery swapping efficiency and battery swapping experience.
  • the battery exchange platform of this application is not equipped with a lifting mechanism. There is no need to lift the vehicle during the battery exchange process. In order to avoid the battery being hindered by the parking platform during the circulation of the battery on the transmission channel, for this reason, this application also has a lifting mechanism on the transmission channel. Set up an avoidance mechanism. When the battery is not being exchanged, the avoidance mechanism is spliced with the parking platform to form a driving channel. During the battery exchange process, when the battery is transferred, the avoidance mechanism moves to reserve space between the unlocking platform and the charging compartment. Channel for battery transfer.
  • the power swap station described in this application integrates the above-mentioned power swap platform, palletizer, and battery charging rack into a container. There is no need to set up separate battery racks and power swap platform areas, thereby realizing the modularization of the power swap station. Installation and transportation ensure that the battery swapping station can be put into operation.
  • the battery exchange platform provided by this application and the battery exchange station integrated with the battery exchange platform can realize the operation of the battery through the avoidance movement of the avoidance mechanism without lifting the vehicle, and the battery operation space is provided in the avoidance area on the side of the parking platform, improving the efficiency of the battery exchange platform.
  • Safety and battery replacement efficiency improve user experience.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种换电平台，包括停车平台(1)、传输通道、避让机构(5)，电池经由传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开停车平台(1)、进入停车平台(1)；避让机构(5)至少部分位于传输通道中，响应于确定电池经由传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开停车平台(1)、进入停车平台(1)，避让机构(5)相对于传输通道移动。以及一种换电站，包括上述换电平台和电池仓，电池仓设置为容纳电池，传输通道连接停车平台(1)和电池仓。该换电平台及换电站，在不抬升车辆的情况下，可实现电池的运转，提高了安全性及电池更换的效率。

Description

一种换电平台及换电站
本申请要求在2022年7月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210769000.2的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池充换电技术领域，例如一种换电平台及换电站。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的普及，如何有效地为能量不足的汽车提供快速有效的能量补给成为车主和各大厂商非常关注的问题。以电动汽车为例，当前主流的电能补给方案包括充电方案和电池更换方案。相对于充电方案，电池更换方案由于可以在很短的时间完成动力电池的更换且对动力电池的使用寿命没有明显的影响，因此是电能补给的主要发展方向之一。电池更换方案一般在充换电站内完成，充换电站内设置有存放电池的电池架、停放车辆的换电平台，以及在电池架和换电平台的之间的运载满电/亏电动力电池的电池转运装置。
相关技术中的换电平台中，为了保证驾驶体验和安全性等需要，换电平台的高度通常较低，无法满足电池从换电平台下方转运时所需的高度空间。在给车辆更换电池时，为了给电池转运预留空间，通常有三种方式：
第一种是将换电平台下方的地面挖出一条电池通道，电池从电池通道中转运。这样会造成换电站的基建成本较高，并且落站时间较长，不利于实现快速运营。
第二种是将车辆向上抬升一定高度，车辆和换电平台表面之间具有足够的高度后，电池转动机构带着电池从换电平台表面进入或者离开车辆底盘。
第三种是整个换电平台承载着车辆一起上升一定高度，使停车平台下方有足够的高度，电池转动机构带着电池从换电平台下方进入或者离开车辆底盘。
第二种和第三种方式中，需要抬升车辆或者停车平台，本身存在一定的安全隐患，并且出于安全考虑，在抬升时，需要驾驶员下车等待换电过程结束后再上车将车辆开走，用户体验非常不好。并且车辆或者换电平台的抬升过程和下降过程也使换电时间增长，不利于提高换电效率。除此之外，抬车机构复杂、成本较高。相关技术中提出了在不设置车辆抬升机构的情形下完成换电的设想， 但是并未给出具体的解决方案。
因此，本领域需要一种换电平台和充换电站来解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以避免相关技术中换电站基建成本高、以及需要抬升车辆进行换电造成安全性差、体验感不好、效率低、成本高的情况，本申请实施例提供一种换电平台和集成该换电平台的换电站，在不挖电池通道、不抬升车辆的情况下，在停车平台侧面避让出电池运转空间，即可实现电池的运转，提高安全性和换电的效率，改善用户的体验感。
本申请提供了一种换电平台，包括：
停车平台；
传输通道，电池经由所述传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开所述停车平台，和进入所述停车平台；
避让机构，至少部分位于所述传输通道中；响应于确定所述电池经由所述传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开所述停车平台，和进入所述停车平台，所述避让机构相对于所述传输通道移动。
本申请还提供了一种换电站，包括上述换电平台，还包括电池仓，所述电池仓设置为容纳电池，传输通道连接停车平台和所述电池仓。
附图说明
图1是本申请的换电平台的整体结构示意图；
图2是本申请的避让机构的结构示意图；
图3是本申请的停车平台实施例的结构示意图；
图4是本申请的加解锁平台的结构示意图；
图5是本申请的传输机构的一结构示意图；
图6是本申请的传输机构的另一结构示意图；
说明书附图标记说明：1、停车平台；11、第一辊筒组；12、第二辊筒组；13、侧推对中机构；14、间距调整机构；2、加解锁平台；21、升降机构；22、加解锁机构；3、传输机构；31、传输带；32、传动连杆；33、传输驱动源；34、运输轨道；35、移载小车；36、承载台；5、避让机构；51、盖板；52、举升机构；53、升降导向机构；54、支撑机构；55、移动检测传感器；56、挡板；57、 侧向受力机构。
具体实施方式
参照图1所示，本申请的换电平台，包括：停车平台1、传输通道和避让机构5；其中：
所述停车平台1设置为停放车辆，对车辆进行支撑和定位，调整车辆与停车平台的相对位置，保证车辆无论停放的角度或位置是怎么样的，都能调整到与加解锁平台2对应。
在所述传输通道中设置传输机构3，通过所述传输机构3对电池进行转运，电池经由传输通道离开和/或进入所述停车平台1；由于，本实施例的换电平台没有设置抬升机构，在换电的过程中无需将车辆抬起，因此，为了保证电池能够穿过，设置所述传输机构3低于所述停车平台1。电池在传输机构3上流转的过程中，为了避免受到停车平台1的阻碍，本申请还在传输机构流转的路径上设置避让机构5，电池在传输机构3上流转时，避让机构5移动，预留出电池移载的通道；在不进行电池流转时，所述避让机构5与停车平台1拼接，形成车辆行走的通道，不影响车辆的正常行走。
需要说明的是，本申请提供的实施例中，电池可以经过同一个传输通道进入并且离开停车平台1，或者电池可以经过不同的传输通道分别进入和离开停车平台1，本申请对此不作具体限制。在电池经过不同的传输通道分别进入和离开停车平台1的实施方式中，在其中至少一个传输通道中设置有避让机构5。
例如，本实施例中还包括加解锁平台2，所述加解锁平台2可以固定在停车平台1的内部，使加解锁平台2始终处于换电车辆的下方，对停放的车辆进行电池的拆卸及安装即可，相比与相关技术中的换电平台，将加锁平台2固定到指定的换电位置，无需要设置多余的移载机构(有轨制导车辆(Rail Guided Vehicle，RGV)小车或者自动引导车(Automated Guided Vehicle，AGV)小车)，带动加解锁平台2移动，并且，将加解锁平台2直接设置在换电车辆的下方，相比与相关技术中的换电平台，不需要设置抬升机构将车辆抬起，供移载机构带动加解锁平台2移动到车辆的下方。
所述传输机构3与加解锁平台2对接，不需要移动加解锁平台2就可以实现电池的流转，不设置移载机器人带动加解锁平台3移动，使加解锁平台2始终设置在车辆的下方，完成电池的承载和加解锁动作即可，通过升降实现与传 输机构3的对接，通过传输机构3将电池运送出或运送入停车平台1；
本实施例的换电平台，通过上述结构设置和布局，可以在不抬升车辆的情况下，实现电池的运转，提高安全性和换电的效率，改善用户的体验感。
参照图2所示，在本实施例中，采用升降的方式进行避让，所述避让机构5包括盖板51，所述盖板51的初始位置与停车平台1平齐，所述盖板51起到对车辆的支撑的作用，在车辆驶入停车平台1或驶出停车平台1的时候，所述盖板51与停车平台衔接，在换电前和换电后，保证车辆能够在停车平台1上正常行驶，当电池经由所述传输通道离开和/或进入所述停车平台时，所述盖板51升起，使传输通道中避让出电池传输通道；
例如，所述盖板51下方设置有带动所述盖板51移动的举升机构52，在换电过程中，当电池在传输机构3上流转时，所述举升机构52带动盖板51升起，避让开电池的传输通道，。
为了使所述举升机构52不影响电池在传输机构3上的运输动作，将所述举升机构52避让电池传输通道设置在盖板51的至少一侧边；在本实施例中，为了保证盖板51升降的平稳性，设置所述盖板51的宽度大于所述电池的宽度，使电池在所述传输机构3带动下从所述盖板51下方移动时，所述盖板51的两侧均宽于所述电池，在宽于电池两侧的盖板51下方均设置举升机构52，设置至少两组举升机构52同步带动盖板51升降，保证所述盖板51水平升降，同时保证举升动力的平衡性，在本实施例中，设置两组举升机构52，所述举升机构52设置在盖板51的中部，在其他实施例中，也可以设置四组举升机构52，所述举升机构52可以设置在盖板51的边角处。
例如，在本实施例中，不限制所述举升机构52的具体形式，所述举升机构52可以为电动推杆、齿轮齿条、气缸、油缸等，只要能够完成带动所述盖板51完成升降动作即可。
为了保证举升机构52在带动所述盖板51升降时的刚性和稳定性，保证盖板51升降更加平稳，所述避让机构5还包括设置在所述盖板51下方的升降导向机构53，所述升降导向机构53在举升机构52带动盖板51升降时，限制盖板51的移动方向，防止盖板51倾斜。
例如，在本实施例中，所述升降导向机构53采用导柱的导向方式，所述导柱设置在所述盖板51下方的边角处，所述导柱包括固定设置的导向套和设置在所述导向套中的导向杆，所述导向杆的端部与所述盖板51连接，在所述 盖板51升降的过程中，所述盖板51带动所述导向杆在所述导向套内滑动，通过导向套限定导向杆唯一的滑动方向，从而实现对盖板51的导向。
在其他实施例中，所述升降导向机构53也可以采用导轮的导向方式，沿所述盖板51的移动方向设置导轨，在所述盖板51的侧面设置沿所述导轨滑动的导向轮，通过导向轮和导轨的配合实现对盖板51的导向。
当车辆从所述盖板51上通过时，车辆的重量会通过盖板51传递到举升机构52中，由于车辆较重，如果仅采用举升机构52对车辆进行支撑，有可能对举升机构52造成损伤，因此，所述避让机构5还包括设置在所述盖板51下方的支撑机构54，当避让机构5与停车平台1拼接形成通道时，所述支撑机构54支撑所述盖板51。
在本实施例中，在所述盖板51下方设置有多组支撑机构54，多组所述支撑机构54设置在所述盖板51下方的边角处，通过多组所述支撑机构54共同支撑所述盖板51，设置多组所述支撑机构54的高度相同，在共同支撑所述盖板51时，保证盖板51与停车平台的拼接面为水平面。所述支撑机构54包括固定的支撑块和与盖板连接的支撑腿，在所述举升机构52将带动所述盖板51下降与停车平台1对接时，所述支撑腿落在所述支撑块上，此时盖板51与停车平台1高度平齐，车辆在盖板51上经过时，重量落在了支撑机构54上，举升机构52不受力。
当车辆从所述盖板51上通过时，车辆不一定能够准确的从盖板51的正中心通过，这样所述盖板51两侧的受力大小就不均匀，导致盖板的一侧受到的压力大，另一侧受到的压力小，所述盖板有左右倾斜的运动趋势，这样升降导向机构53和举升机构52都会受到侧向的压力，容易造成升降导向机构53和举升机构52的损坏。另外一种情况，车辆碾压行驶过盖板51时，车轮会给盖板51施加的一个轮子切向方向的力，即车辆前进时，会施加一个水平向后的力；车辆倒退时，施加一个水平向前的力，盖板51有前后倾斜的运动趋势。导向机构53和举升机构52可能在这种倾覆力的作用下造成损伤。因此，本实施例的所述避让机构5还包括侧向受力机构57，所述侧向受力机构57开设有限位槽，所述支撑机构54在所述举升机构的带动下下降时，所述支撑机构54能够落入到所述限位槽中，能够限制所述支撑机构54相对于所述侧向受力机构57滑动，防止所述支撑机构54滑动。并且，设置所述侧向受力机构57为塑胶件，在所述限位槽的底面还开设有若干槽口，在所述支撑机构54与所述 侧向受力机构57接触时，所述支撑机构54挤压所述槽口变形，能够增加接触面的摩擦力，防止导向机构53和举升机构52侧向受力。
当车辆从所述盖板51上通过时，所述盖板51需要承载一定的重量，由于所述盖板51宽度较大，所述盖板51的中部位置容易凹陷，因此在所述盖板51内侧还设置有支撑所述盖板51的加强筋。
例如，当所述盖板51在举升机构52的带动下升起后，需要保证在盖板51的下方预留足够的空间使电池通过，防止盖板51与电池发生碰撞，因此需要对盖板51的升降高度进行检测，保证只有当盖板51升降到位后，电池才会在传输机构3上传输。为了检测避让机构5中盖板51的升降高度，在本实施例中，所述避让机构5还包括移动检测传感器55，所述移动检测传感器55包括固定设置的光电发射器和能够随盖板51移动的光电接收器。在盖板51升降的过程中，所述光电发射器实时向水平方向发射光电信号，当盖板51上升到足够的高度后，所述光电接收器便能够接收光电信号，此时代表着盖板51上升的高度足够避让电池，能够避免电池与盖板51碰撞。
例如，本实施例的避让机构5，需要与停车平台1对接，并且会相对于停车平台1上升一定的高度，因此在盖板51相对于停车平台1上升时，所述盖板51和停车平台1所在的平面有高度差，从而产生间隙，如果不小心将手或者脚插入到间隙中，在盖板51相对于停车平台1移动时，就会造成人身伤害，因此具有一定的安全隐患。为了避免因盖板51升降存在高度差的情况，在所述盖板51的侧面外周设置有向下延伸的挡板56，在所述盖板51与停车平台1拼接时，所述挡板56低于停车平台面，在所述盖板51升起时，所述挡板56跟随上升，挡板56高度高于盖板51上升的高度，挡板56的最低点不会高于停车平台面，以免外物由两侧侵入形成的电池通道，防止电池输送时受到入侵物干涉影响，或者盖板51下降时，挡板56会扎到入侵物。
例如，所述挡板56与停车平台1拼接处有一定缝隙，便于挡板56跟随盖板51自由上下，设置所述缝隙不大于人的手指，例如，设置所述缝隙为2～5mm，以免伤到人手或者人脚。
在车辆需要进行换电的时候，首先需要将车辆停在停车平台1上，由于不同驾驶员的驾驶习惯和驾驶水平不同，不可能要求驾驶员将车辆都准确的停到与加解锁平台2对应的换电位置，由于本实施例的加解锁平台2的位置是固定的，不能调整加解锁平台2相对于车辆的位置，因此，需要车辆停放的位置十 分准确，才能保证换电的正常进行。因此，为了保证车辆停放位置的准确性，参照图3所示，在本实施例中的停车平台1上设置有承载机构，所述承载机构包括间隔设置的第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12，所述第一辊筒组11设置为承载车辆的两个前轮，所述第二辊筒组12设置为承载车辆的两个后轮，所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12组成的辊筒面都比较宽，驾驶员将车开到停车平台1后，无论进入的相对位置如何，沿车辆的宽度方向都很容易将车辆的四个轮停放在第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12上；为了使车辆的停放的位置准确，需要在两个方向上对车辆进行定位，分别为车辆的前进/后退方向，以及车辆的宽度方向。
例如，对车辆前进/后退方向定位：在本实施例中，设置所述第一辊筒组11或第二辊筒组2中至少一个辊筒组包括两组倾斜于竖直方向设置的辊筒，两组所述辊筒的倾斜方向相反，两组所述辊筒形成V型槽。车辆在停车平台1上前进的过程中，驾驶员能够感觉到车辆的车轮嵌入到V型槽中，此时表示车辆在前进/后退方向上已经停放到位，驾驶员可以操作车辆停止，实现对车辆的前进或后退的方向上定位。一般情况下，设置带有V型槽的辊筒组为对车辆的前轮支撑的辊筒组。因为，在车辆行驶的过程中，车辆的前轮会先经过支撑后轮的辊筒组，然后再到达支撑前轮的辊筒组中，如果支撑后轮的辊筒组设置有V型槽，则车辆前轮经过时，有可能被误认为已经停放到位，对驾驶员造成误导，如果将支撑前轮的辊筒组设置有V型槽，就能够避免出现这种误判的情况。
例如，对车辆的宽度方向定位：在本实施例中，还设置有侧推对中机构13，通过上述对第一辊筒组11或第二辊筒组12的设置，已经能够满足对车辆在前进/后退方向上的定位。又由于设置的第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12组成的辊筒面都比较宽，因此在完成对车辆在前进/后退方向上的定位后，就能够保证车辆的四个轮子分别落在第一辊筒组11或第二辊筒组12上。这样，在本实施例中将所述侧推对中机构13设置在所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12的两侧面，从两个侧面推动车轮，即可实现对车轮的居中推动，所述侧推对中机构13包括对中推杆和推杆驱动源，通过所述推杆驱动源带动对中推杆推动落在第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12上的车轮。由于第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒12组均为圆辊面，车辆能够在对中推杆的推动下横向移动，对车辆的宽度方向上定位。例如，设置在第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12两侧面的侧推 对中机构13同步推动车辆的前轮和后轮，保证前轮和后轮都进行居中定位，防止车辆倾斜。
在其他实施例中，也可以将侧推对中机构13仅设置在所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12的一个侧面，另一个侧面设置为限位机构。通过侧推对中机构13推动车轮抵接到限位机构上，实现对车轮的定位。
例如，由于车辆的型号不同，不同车辆前轮和后轮的轴距也不是完全相同的，如果将第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12的相对位置固定，换电平台能够适用的车辆的车轴长度就有了限制。当待换电池的车辆的车轴长度较长或较短时，车辆仅有前轮或仅有后轮位于辊筒组上，不便于对中推杆推动车辆进行横向定位，就不能够实现后续的电池更换动作，降低了适用范围。为了提高本实施例中换电平台的适用范围，在所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12之间还设置有间距调整机构14，所述间距调整机构14包括设置为支撑所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12移动的滑轨和推动所述第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12沿所述滑轨滑动的间距调整驱动源，所述间距调整驱动源推动第一辊筒组11或第二辊筒组12在滑轨上靠近或者远离，从而能够调节第一辊筒组11和第二辊筒组12之间的间距，能够实现对不同车辆型号的定位。
为了实现上述加解锁的动作，本实施例的加解锁平台2需要具备升降功能和加解锁功能，参照图4所示，所述加解锁平台2包括升降机构21和加解锁机构22，所述升降机构21承接所述电池，实现电池在车辆和传输机构之间的运输，所述升降机构21包括设置为承载电池的升降载台，所述升降机构21带动所述升降载台上下移动，从而改变升降载台相对于传输机构3的高度，实现电池在升降载台和传输机构3之间的转接；在对电池进行拆卸时，所述升降机构21先带动升降载台上升，使所述升降载台处于高位，所述升降载台高于所述传输机构3，再通过加解锁机构22完成电池的解锁后，电池从车辆中拆卸下来，拆卸的电池落在升降载台上，升降载台起到对电池的支撑作用，此时所述升降机构21带动升降载台下降，使所述升降载台处于低位，所述升降载台低于所述传输机构3，在升降载台下降的过程中，电池就会落在传输机构3上，从而实现电池在升降载台和传输机构3之间的转接；在对电池进行安装时，所述升降机构21先带动升降载台下降，使所述升降载台处于低位，所述升降载台低于所述传输机构3，所述升降载台不会影响电池在传输机构3上的运输，当电池通过传输机构3运送到升降载台的上方后，所述升降机构21带动所述 升降载台上升，在升降载台上升的过程中，电池就会落在升降载台上，从而电池在实现升降载台和传输机构3之间的转接，升降载台起到对电池的支撑作用，此时所述升降机构21带动升降载台持续上升，使所述升降载台处于高位，将电池送入到车辆中，再通过加解锁机构22完成电池的加锁后，升降机构21带动升降载台再次下降，使升降载台再次下降到低位，完成电池的安装动作。
例如，所述加解锁机构22浮动设置在所述升降机构21上，所述加解锁机构22包括锁止组件，在所述车辆上设置有与所述锁止组件配合的锁头，通过所述锁止组件带动所述锁头转动，从而实现电池的加解锁。
例如，为了能够从加解锁平台2上转接电池，设置所述传输机构3的高度高于加解锁平台2下降的最低高度。参照图5所示，所述传输机构3采用传输线的形式，单独运送电池，实现电池在加解锁平台2和充电仓之间的流转，所述传输线设置为板链传输线或辊筒传输线均可。在本实施例中，所述传输机构3包括两条平行设置的传输带31、设置在两条传输带31之间的传动连杆32、以及带动传输带31转动的传输驱动源33，所述传输驱动源33通过所述传动连杆32带动两条所述传输带31同步转动，从而实现电池在传输带31上的移载。
例如，在本实施例中，可以设置一条传输线，所述传输线的两条传输带31设置在加解锁平台2的两侧，通过一条传输线直接延伸到充电仓中。也可以设置两条传输线，其中一条传输线嵌入在加解锁平台2中，另一条传输线与嵌入在加解锁平台2中的传输线衔接、延伸到充电仓中，通过一条传输线与加解锁平台2衔接，通过另一条传输线实现电池的转运。
参照图6所示，在其他实施例中，所述传输机构3也可以采用AGV或RGV小车等移载机构和电池同步移动，共同实现在加解锁平台2和电池仓之间的转运。例如，所述传输机构3包括运输轨道34、行走车35、承载台36。所述运输轨道34的一端延伸设置在加解锁平台2的侧面，另一端延伸到充电仓中，所述行走车35沿所述运输轨道34的延伸方向在所述运输轨道34上滑动，在滑动的过程中能够避让所述加解锁平台5，所述承载台36突出设置在所述行走车35上，设置为支撑所述电池。
例如，本申请还公开了一种换电站，包括上述换电平台，其中还包括电池充电架和码垛机，通过所述码垛机实现电池在换电平台和电池充电架之间的运输，由于本实施例中的换电平台不需要采用抬车机构和移载机器人，相比于相 关技术中的换电站，不需要铺设专用的轨道或引导线，传统的轨道或引导线需要占用电池充电架和换电平台两个区域，而在本实施例中，可以将所述换电平台、电池充电架和码垛机均集成设置在一个集装箱中，实现了充换电站的小型化和整装整运，保证换电站落站即可营运，提升了换电效率和换电体验。
本申请的换电平台没有设置抬升机构，在换电的过程中无需将车辆抬起，为了避免电池在传输通道上流转的过程中受到停车平台的阻碍，为此，本申请还在传输通道上设置避让机构，在不进行换电时，所述避让机构与停车平台拼接形成行车通道，在进行换电过程中，电池流转时，避让机构移动，为加解锁平台和充电仓之间预留出电池移载的通道。
本申请所述的换电站，将上述换电平台和码垛机、电池充电架集成设置在一个集装箱中，不需要设置分体的电池架和换电平台两个区域，实现换电站的模块化安装和运输，使换电站落地即可运营。
本申请提供的换电平台和集成该换电平台的换电站，在不抬升车辆的情况下，通过避让机构的避让移动，在停车平台侧面避让处电池运转空间，即可实现电池的运转，提高安全性和换电的效率，改善用户的体验感。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种换电平台，包括：
    停车平台；
    传输通道，电池经由所述传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开所述停车平台，和进入所述停车平台；
    避让机构，至少部分位于所述传输通道中；响应于确定所述电池经由所述传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开所述停车平台，和进入所述停车平台，所述避让机构相对于所述传输通道移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构包括盖板，所述盖板的初始位置与所述停车平台平齐；响应于确定所述电池经由所述传输通道执行以下至少之一的操作：离开所述停车平台，和进入所述停车平台，所述盖板升起。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构还包括举升机构，所述举升机构设置为带动所述盖板升起；所述举升机构避让开所述电池的所述传输通道，设置在所述盖板的至少一侧边。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构还包括设置在所述盖板下方的升降导向机构，所述升降导向机构设置为在所述盖板升降时，限制所述盖板的移动方向。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构还包括设置在所述盖板下方的支撑机构，所述支撑机构设置为，在所述盖板与所述停车平台平齐时，支撑所述盖板。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构还包括侧向受力机构，所述侧向受力机构设置为在所述避让机构与所述停车平台拼接形成通道时，所述侧向受力机构与所述支撑机构接触，所述侧向受力机构设置有槽口，所述侧向受力机构为塑胶件。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的换电平台，其中，所述避让机构还包括移动检测装置，所述移动检测装置设置为检测所述盖板的移动距离。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的换电平台，其中，在所述盖板的侧面外周设置有向下延伸的挡板；在所述盖板与所述停车平台平齐时，所述挡板低于所述停车平台，在所述盖板升起时，所述挡板跟随所述盖板上升，所述挡板的高度高于所述盖板上升的高度，所述挡板的最低点低于或等于所述停车平台。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的换电平台，其中，所述挡板与所述停车平台之间 具有拼接缝隙，便于所述挡板跟随所述盖板自由上下，所述缝隙的宽度范围为2mm～5mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的换电平台，其中，在所述传输通道中设置传输机构，所述传输机构设置为对所述电池进行转运。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的换电平台，其中，所述传输机构包括滚筒传输线或者链条传送线。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的换电平台，其中，所述传输机构包括换电车，所述换电车设置为承载所述电池在所述传输通道中移动。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的换电平台，还包括加解锁平台，所述加解锁平台设置为对所述电池进行拆卸和安装，所述加解锁平台可升降移动，所述加解锁平台上升的最高位置可与待换电车辆底盘上的亏电电池接触，可将满电电池上升托举安装到所述车辆底盘上；所述加解锁平台下降的最低位置低于所述停车平台。
  14. 一种换电站，包括上述权利要求1～13任意一项所述的换电平台，还包括电池仓，所述电池仓设置为容纳电池，传输通道连接停车平台和所述电池仓。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的换电站，其中，所述电池仓还包括电池充电架和码垛机，所述码垛机设置为在所述换电平台和所述电池充电架之间运输所述电池。
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