WO2024000619A1 - 轨撑和轨撑系统 - Google Patents
轨撑和轨撑系统 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024000619A1 WO2024000619A1 PCT/CN2022/104558 CN2022104558W WO2024000619A1 WO 2024000619 A1 WO2024000619 A1 WO 2024000619A1 CN 2022104558 W CN2022104558 W CN 2022104558W WO 2024000619 A1 WO2024000619 A1 WO 2024000619A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- rail
- bottom plate
- elastic layer
- distance
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001227561 Valgus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/02—Fastening rails, tie-plates, or chairs directly on sleepers or foundations; Means therefor
- E01B9/28—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members
- E01B9/30—Fastening on wooden or concrete sleepers or on masonry with clamp members by resilient steel clips
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/66—Rail fastenings allowing the adjustment of the position of the rails, so far as not included in the preceding groups
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B9/00—Fastening rails on sleepers, or the like
- E01B9/68—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair
- E01B9/681—Pads or the like, e.g. of wood, rubber, placed under the rail, tie-plate, or chair characterised by the material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of rail transportation, and in particular, to a rail support and a rail support system.
- the rail brace and the track are in rigid contact.
- the rail brace and the track are difficult to install closely, and there will still be a certain installation gap after assembly, which is not conducive to improving the lateral rigidity of the track; on the other hand, the rail brace and the track
- the track is in rigid contact, and the wheel-rail impact will produce large vibrations and noise when the train passes.
- a rail support including:
- a bottom plate with a through-mounting groove provided at the middle position of the bottom plate
- a vertical plate vertically connected to the bottom plate, extending from the edge of the first side of the bottom plate in a direction away from the first surface of the bottom plate;
- An elastic layer is provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate and extends to the connection between the vertical plate and the bottom plate. It includes a first elastic layer and a second elastic layer, and the first elastic layer is arranged close to the On one side of the vertical plate, the second elastic layer is in contact with the track, and the stiffness of the first elastic layer is greater than the stiffness of the second elastic layer;
- a support plate vertically connected to the bottom plate, extending from the edge of the second side of the bottom plate in a direction away from the second surface of the bottom plate;
- first side and the second side are arranged oppositely, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely.
- At least one inlaid groove is provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate, and at least one inlaid protrusion is provided on the surface of the elastic layer in contact with the outer facade of the vertical plate;
- the number of the inlaid protrusions is the same as the number of the inlaid grooves, and the shape of the inlaid protrusions matches the shape of the inlaid grooves.
- the thickness of the inlaid protrusions on the elastic layer is 2 to 10 mm, and the minimum thickness of the elastic layer is 2 to 15 mm.
- the free end of the vertical plate extends at least above the middle position of the rail waist
- the elastic layer includes a first contact portion in contact with the upper portion of the rail rail limb and a second contact portion in contact with the rail rail waist.
- the free end of the vertical plate extends to the rail rail jaw
- the elastic layer includes a first contact portion in contact with the rail rail limb, a second contact portion in contact with the rail rail waist, and a third contact portion in contact with the rail rail jaw.
- a first reinforcing structure is provided at the angle between the vertical plate and the bottom plate, and the first reinforcing structure is a first reinforcing rib or a first reinforcing rib plate;
- first reinforcing rib forms a hollow triangle after being connected to the vertical plate and the bottom plate; the first reinforcing rib
- the rib plate is a triangle, one side of the triangle is connected to the bottom plate, and the other side is connected to the vertical plate.
- a second reinforcing structure is provided between the angle between the support plate and the bottom plate, and the second reinforcing structure is a second reinforcing rib or a second reinforcing rib plate;
- one end of the second reinforcing rib is connected to the bottom plate, and the other end is connected to the support plate.
- the second reinforcing rib forms a hollow triangle after being connected to the support plate and the bottom plate; the second reinforcement
- the rib plate is a triangle, one side of the triangle is connected to the base plate, and the other side is connected to the support plate.
- a rail support system including any of the above rail supports, and further including:
- the distance-adjusting plate is arranged parallel to the track and includes a first distance-adjusting plate and a second distance-adjusting plate.
- the first distance-adjusting plate and the second distance-adjusting plate are arranged on the same side and the first distance-adjusting plate and the second distance-adjusting plate A preset angle is formed from the plate;
- the first distance adjustment plate is arranged in the installation slot
- the second distance adjustment plate is arranged on the first surface of the bottom plate
- the second distance adjustment plate is arranged in the installation slot
- the first distance adjusting plate is disposed on the first surface of the bottom plate.
- it also includes:
- the elastic strip is arranged above the side of the installation groove close to the vertical plate, is clamped and installed on the distance-adjusting plate, and the base plate is clamped and fixed by clamping the distance-adjusting plate.
- the first distance adjustment plate and/or the second distance adjustment plate are provided with a fixing groove that matches the shape of the elastic bar.
- the above-mentioned rail brace through the arrangement of the elastic layer, enables the rail brace to be assembled closely with the track after assembly. On the one hand, it better enhances the lateral stiffness of the track and reduces the tendency of the track due to insufficient stiffness. Rail corrugation and safety issues caused by overturning and deflection; on the other hand, the vibration energy generated by the train passing through the track is converted into heat energy of the elastic layer and dissipated, so that the elastic layer has a certain damping function and reduces wheel-rail vibration. Noise; further, the elastic layer is composed of a first elastic layer and a second elastic layer with different stiffnesses.
- the first elastic layer with higher stiffness can support and limit the second elastic layer with lower stiffness, to a certain extent. To prevent serious deformation, try to keep the outward expansion of the track within the reasonable design range.
- the rail supports with elastic layers can be assembled closely with the track, which better enhances the lateral stiffness of the track and reduces the wheel-rail vibration noise; the setting of the distance-adjusting plate can realize the change of the lateral position of the track, Makes track gauge adjustment convenient and reliable.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic front structural view of a rail brace in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows another front structural schematic diagram of the rail support in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 shows a schematic top view of the structure of the rail support in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the rail support system on the track after installation in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of another rail support system on the track after installation in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the track structure in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of another rail support system on the track after installation in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of another rail support system on the track after installation in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of the pitch control plate in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of the spring bar in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram after installation of the rail support system on the basic track of the switch in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of the rail support system on the frog wing rail after installation in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- 101 Base plate; 102. Installation groove; 103. Vertical plate; 104. Elastic layer; 1041. First elastic layer; 1042. Second elastic layer; 105. Support plate; 106. First reinforcement structure; 107. Second reinforcement Structure; 200, track; 201, rail jaw; 202, rail waist; 203, rail limb; 300, distance adjustment plate; 301, first distance adjustment plate; 302, second distance adjustment plate; 400, spring bar; 401.
- Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments. To those skilled in the art.
- the described features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
- a rail support is first provided.
- the rail support may include: a bottom plate 101 , a vertical plate 103 , an elastic layer 104 and a support plate 105 .
- a through-mounting groove 102 is provided in the middle of the bottom plate 101;
- the vertical plate 103 is vertically connected to the bottom plate 101, starting from the first edge of the bottom plate 101 in a direction away from the first surface of the bottom plate 101 Extended arrangement;
- the elastic layer 104 is provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate 103 and extends to the connection between the vertical plate 103 and the bottom plate 101, including a first elastic layer 1041 and a second elastic layer 1042, so
- the first elastic layer 1041 is provided on the side close to the vertical plate 103, the second elastic layer 1042 is in contact with the track 200, and the stiffness of the first elastic layer 1041 is greater than the stiffness of the second elastic layer 1042;
- the support plate 105 is vertically connected to the bottom plate 101 and extends from the second
- the above-mentioned rail support may include a bottom plate 101, an upright plate 103, an elastic layer 104 and a support plate 105.
- the upright plate 103 is vertically disposed on the first side of the first surface of the bottom plate 101
- the support plate 105 is vertically disposed on the first side of the bottom plate 101.
- On the second side on both sides, the first side and the second side are the two opposite sides of the bottom plate 101.
- the bottom plate 101, the vertical plate 103 and the support plate 105 can be integrally formed.
- the integrated forming process makes the rail support The integrity is better and the support performance is better.
- the base plate 101 is a rectangular plate, and the first side and the second side are two parallel sides of the rectangular base plate 101.
- An elastic layer 104 is provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate 103.
- the elastic layer 104 can be attached to the outer surface of the vertical plate 103 by vulcanization or pasting. Of course, the elastic layer 104 also Other processes can be used to attach it to the outer facade of the vertical board 103 .
- the elastic layer 104 is composed of a first elastic layer 1041 and a second elastic layer 1042. The first elastic layer 1041 is close to the side of the vertical plate 103, and the second elastic layer is in contact with the track 200. The stiffness of the first elastic layer 1041 is greater than that of the second elastic layer 1042.
- the stiffness of elastic layer 1042 is made of high elasticity and low stiffness material, which can reduce the vibration and noise of the track 200.
- the first elastic layer 1041 has a greater stiffness and can limit the compression of the second elastic layer 1042. , when the compression deformation amount of the second elastic layer 1042 reaches a certain value, the first elastic layer 1041 bears the load, controls the compression deformation of the second elastic layer 1042 to a certain extent, and avoids excessive expansion of the second elastic layer 1042 as much as possible. Problems such as deflection and valgus of the track 200 caused by deformation.
- the first elastic layer 1041 and the second elastic layer 1042 can be integrally formed.
- the first elastic layer 1041 can be a whole layer provided on one side of the vertical plate 103, or can be partially provided on the vertical plate. 103 on.
- the first elastic layer 1041 is partially disposed on one side of the vertical plate 103, as shown in FIG. 1, multiple first elastic layers 1041 can be arranged in zones on the vertical plate 103, and the second elastic layer 1042 can be provided to cover the first elastic layer 1041. on one elastic layer 1041, so that the second elastic layer 1042 is a whole layer; or as shown in Figure 2, multiple first elastic layers 1041 can be arranged in zones on the vertical plate 103, and multiple first elastic layers 1041 can be arranged on the vertical plate 103.
- a second elastic layer 1042 is provided in the gap of the elastic layer 1041.
- the second elastic layer 1042 is in contact with the track 200 and the first elastic layer 1041 has a preset distance from the track 200.
- the preset distance can be the distance between the track 200 and the second elastic layer.
- 1042 Reasonable compression deformation.
- the specific area, thickness and quantity of the first elastic layer 1041 are related to the speed and axle load of the train passing on the track 200;
- the second elastic layer 1042 can be made of rubber material, EPDM rubber, polyurethane and other materials. , of course, it can also be made of other elastic materials.
- the elastic layer 104 on the outer facade of the vertical plate 103 of the rail support closely fits the lateral outside of the track 200 and plays a certain supporting role for the track 200.
- the minimum thickness of the elastic layer 104 is The thickness is 2 ⁇ 15mm.
- the rail supports are installed on the pad under the track 200 through the mounting grooves 102 on the base plate 101 .
- the free end of the support plate 105 of the rail support is in contact with the backing plate to support the bottom plate 101.
- the above-mentioned rail brace through the arrangement of the elastic layer 104, enables the rail brace to be assembled closely with the track 200 after assembly. On the one hand, it better enhances the lateral stiffness of the track 200 and reduces the outward tipping of the track 200 due to insufficient stiffness.
- the vibration energy generated by the train passing through the track 200 is converted into heat energy of the elastic layer 104 and dissipated, which has a certain damping function and reduces the wheel-rail vibration noise;
- the elastic layer 104 It is composed of a first elastic layer 1041 and a second elastic layer 1042 with different elasticities.
- the first elastic layer 1041 with higher stiffness can support and limit the second elastic layer 1042 with lower stiffness, preventing it to a certain extent. Severe deformation, try to make the outward expansion of the track 200 within a reasonable design range.
- At least one inlaid groove is provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate 103, and the elastic layer 104 is provided on the surface in contact with the outer surface of the vertical plate 103. at least one inlaid bump;
- the number of the inlaid protrusions is the same as the number of the inlaid grooves, and the shape of the inlaid protrusions matches the shape of the inlaid grooves.
- an inlaid groove can be provided on the outer facade of the vertical plate 103, and an inlaid protrusion can be provided on the elastic layer 104, so that the inlaid groove and the inlaid protrusion can be Shapes match.
- the inlaid protruding portion on the elastic layer 104 may be configured as a first elastic layer 1041 , and the remaining portion may be configured as a second elastic layer 1042 .
- Making the inlaid protrusions be made of a material with relatively high stiffness improves the engagement firmness and stability of the inlaid protrusions and the inlaid grooves, making them better supportive of the second elastic layer 1042 .
- the thickness of the inlaid protrusions on the elastic layer 104 is 2 to 10 mm, and the minimum thickness of the elastic layer 104 is 2 to 15 mm.
- the thickness of the inlaid protrusions on the elastic layer 104 can be 2 to 10 mm, and the minimum thickness of the elastic layer 104 can be 2 to 15 mm.
- the thickness of the elastic layer 104 is too small, making it difficult to install rail supports. It is large and has limited damping effect, and the noise reduction effect is poor.
- the free end of the vertical plate 103 extends at least to above the middle position of the rail waist 202 of the track 200;
- the elastic layer 104 includes a first contact portion in contact with the upper portion of the rail limb 203 of the track 200 and a second contact portion in contact with the rail waist 202 of the track 200 .
- the free end of the vertical plate 103 needs to extend at least to above the middle position of the rail waist 202 . Since the rail brace and the track 200 are closely fitted, after the rail brace is installed, the height of the vertical plate 103 only needs to be higher than the middle part of the rail waist 202 to provide better support for the track 200 .
- the elastic layer 104 is not in contact with the rail jaw 201 of the rail 200 , and only includes a first contact portion that is in contact with the upper portion of the rail limb 203 of the rail 200 and a second contact portion that is in contact with the rail waist 202 of the rail 200 .
- the free end of the vertical plate 103 extends to the rail jaw 201 of the rail 200;
- the elastic layer 104 includes a first contact portion in contact with the rail limbs 203 of the rail 200 , a second contact portion in contact with the rail waist 202 of the rail 200 , and a third contact portion in contact with the rail jaw 201 of the rail 200 .
- the free end of the vertical plate 103 can be extended to the rail jaw 201 of the track 200. That is, after the rail brace is installed, the elastic layer 104 includes The first contact portion is in contact with the rail limbs 203 of the rail 200 , the second contact portion is in contact with the rail waist 202 of the rail 200 , and the third contact portion is in contact with the rail jaw 201 of the rail 200 .
- a first reinforcing structure 106 is provided at the angle between the vertical plate 103 and the bottom plate 101, and the first reinforcing structure 106 is a first reinforcing rib or a first reinforcing rib plate;
- the first reinforcing rib forms a hollow triangle after being connected to the upright plate 103 and the bottom plate 101;
- the first reinforcing rib plate is in the shape of a triangle, one side of the triangle is connected to the bottom plate 101, and the other side is connected to the vertical plate 103.
- the first reinforcing structure 106 can be a reinforcing rib or a reinforcing rib plate, where the reinforcing rib or reinforcing rib
- the number of panels can be set according to the intensity of demand.
- a second reinforcing structure 107 is provided between the angle between the support plate 105 and the bottom plate 101, and the second reinforcing structure 107 is a second reinforcing rib or a second reinforcing rib plate;
- the second reinforcing rib forms a hollow triangle after being connected to the support plate 105 and the bottom plate 101;
- the second reinforcing rib plate is in the shape of a triangle, one side of the triangle is connected to the bottom plate 101 and the other side is connected to the support plate 105 .
- the second reinforcing structure 107 can be a reinforcing rib or a reinforcing rib plate, where the reinforcing rib or reinforcing rib
- the number of panels can be set according to the intensity of demand.
- This exemplary embodiment also provides a rail support system, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 12 , including any of the above rail supports, and may also include:
- the distance adjustment plate 300 is arranged parallel to the track 200 and includes a first distance adjustment plate 301 and a second distance adjustment plate 302.
- the first distance adjustment plate 301 and the second distance adjustment plate 302 are arranged on the same side and the first distance adjustment plate 301 and the second distance adjustment plate 302 are arranged on the same side.
- the distance plate 301 and the second distance adjustment plate 302 form a preset included angle;
- the first distance adjustment plate 301 is arranged in the installation groove 102, the second distance adjustment plate 302 is arranged on the first surface of the bottom plate 101, or the second distance adjustment plate 302 is arranged on the In the installation groove 102, the first distance adjusting plate 301 is disposed on the first surface of the bottom plate 101.
- the installation groove 102 of the rail support may be a penetrating rectangle, and the distance adjustment plates 300 may be provided on two sides of the rectangular installation groove 102 that are parallel to the track 200 .
- the distance adjustment plate 300 includes a first distance adjustment plate 301 and a second distance adjustment plate 302 .
- the first distance adjustment plate 301 and the second distance adjustment plate 302 are arranged on the same side so that the distance adjustment plate 300
- the cross-section is L-shaped.
- the thickness of the first distance adjustment plate 301 and the second distance adjustment plate 302 may be different.
- the first distance adjustment plate 301 or the second distance adjustment plate 302 may be set by adjusting the distance adjustment plate 300.
- the lateral position of the track 200 is adjusted in the installation groove 102; the lateral position of the track 200 can also be adjusted by replacing the distance adjusting plate 300 of different models.
- the rail support system may further include:
- the elastic bar 400 is arranged above the side of the installation groove 102 close to the vertical plate 103, and is installed on the distance-adjusting plate 300.
- the base plate 101 is fixed by clamping the distance-adjusting plate 300. .
- the spring bar 400 includes a first arc segment 401, a second arc segment 402 and a third arc segment 403.
- points A, B, D, and E on the first arc segment 401 and the third arc segment 403 are located on the same horizontal plane, and point C on the second arc segment 402 is on the same level as the A, B , D and E are not on the same level.
- first place the elastic strips so that A, B, D, and E of the elastic strips are close to the base plate 101 and point C is far away from the base plate 101.
- press down the second arc section 402 through bolts and nuts to install the second arc section.
- A, B, C, D, and E are on the same horizontal plane, so that the first arc segment 401 and the third arc segment 403 have downward pressing force, and the distance adjusting plate 300 is pressed and fixed by pressing the distance adjusting plate 300.
- the bottom plate 101 thus provides a strong vertical elastic buckling pressure to the rail support to stabilize the rail support and realize the vertical elasticity of the rail support.
- the first distance adjustment plate 301 and/or the second distance adjustment plate 302 are provided with fixing grooves that are adapted to the shape of the elastic bar 400 .
- the position of the spring bar 400 after installation is more stable.
- the rail support is installed outside the outer wall of the track 200, and the elastic layer 104 is arranged to be closely coupled with at least the rail waist 202 and rail limbs 203 of the track 200.
- the first anti-rotation iron seat 502 on the first backing plate 501 is installed in the installation groove 102 .
- a distance adjustment plate 300 is provided between the two sides of the first anti-rotation iron seat 502 that are parallel to the track 200 and the installation groove 102 .
- a spring bar 400 is installed above the distance adjustment plate 300, and the spring bar 400 is elastically buckled on the distance adjustment plate 300 through bolts and nuts.
- a distance adjusting plate 300 or other spacers can also be provided between the track 200 and the iron base 503.
- the thickness of the distance-adjusting plates 300 on both sides of the first anti-rotation iron base 502 is adjusted, as well as the thickness or number of the distance-adjusting plates 300 or spacers between the track 200 and the iron base. 200 degree of lateral position adjustment.
- the rail brace is installed outside the outer wall of the rail 200, that is, the basic rail, and the elastic layer 104 is at least closely attached to the rail waist 202 and rail limbs 203 of the rail 200.
- the second anti-rotation iron seat 602 on the second backing plate 601 is installed in the installation groove 102.
- a distance adjusting plate 300 is provided between the two sides of the second anti-rotation iron seat 602 parallel to the track 200 and the installation groove 102.
- a spring bar 400 is installed above the distance adjustment plate 300, and the spring bar 400 is elastically buckled on the distance adjustment plate 300 through bolts and nuts.
- the rail limb 203 on the other side of the basic rail is located below one side of the platform 603.
- a sharp rail 605 is provided above the platform 603, and a spring piece 604 is provided in the inner cavity of the platform 603.
- the lateral position of the rail 200 that is, the basic rail
- the lateral position is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the distance adjusting plates 300 on both sides of the first anti-rotation iron base 502 .
- the rail limb 203 on the other side of the basic rail is located under one side of the table plate 603 and is in contact with the elastic piece 604. It receives elastic force and can move directly.
- the rail supports are installed outside the outer side walls of the rail 200, that is, the two wing rails, and the elastic layer 104 is arranged to be closely aligned with at least the rail waist 202 and rail limbs 203 of the rail 200.
- the third anti-rotation iron seat 702 on the third backing plate 701 is installed in the installation groove 102 .
- a distance adjusting plate 300 is provided between the two sides of the third anti-rotation iron seat 702 that are parallel to the track 200 and the installation groove 102 .
- a spring bar 400 is installed above the distance adjustment plate 300, and the spring bar 400 is elastically buckled on the distance adjustment plate 300 through bolts and nuts.
- the frog has two wing rails, a movable sliding bed platform 704 is provided between the two wing rails, and a center rail 705 is provided on the sliding bed platform 704.
- a movable sliding bed platform 704 is provided between the two wing rails
- a center rail 705 is provided on the sliding bed platform 704.
- the rail support with the elastic layer 104 can be assembled closely with the track 200, which better enhances the lateral stiffness of the track 200 and reduces the wheel-rail vibration noise; the setting of the distance adjustment plate 300 can realize the track 200
- the change of the lateral position makes the track gauge adjustment convenient and reliable.
- first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
- “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.
- the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense.
- it can be a fixed connection or a removable connection.
- the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
- the term “above” or “below” the second feature of a first feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include direct contact between the first and second features. Two features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Furthermore, the terms “above”, “above” and “above” a first feature on a second feature include the first feature being directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. “Below”, “under” and “under” the first feature is the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
- references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “an example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like means that specific features are described in connection with the embodiment or example. , structures, materials or features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
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- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明实施例是关于一种轨撑和轨撑系统。该轨撑包括：底板，所述底板中部位置处设置有贯穿的安装槽；立板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第一边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第一面的方向延伸设置；弹性层，设置于所述立板外立面上并延伸至所述立板与所述底板的连接处；撑板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第二边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第二面的方向延伸设置；其中，所述第一边与所述第二边相对设置，所述第一面与所述第二面相对设置。上述轨撑，通过弹性层的设置，使得轨撑装配后能够和轨道紧密贴合装配，更好的增强了轨道的横向刚度，降低了轨道因刚度不足向外倾翻产生的磨损及安全问题，且具有一定的阻尼功能，减少了轮轨振动噪声。
Description
本申请要求在2022年06月28日提交的，申请号为202210750459.8，名称为“轨撑和轨撑系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
本发明实施例涉及轨道交通技术领域，尤其涉及一种轨撑和轨撑系统。
我国既有铁路线路，由于受地形条件的限制，存在半径不同的曲线线路。列车运行到曲线线路时，产生离心力，致使车轮挤压线路外侧钢轨，挤压力的大小与曲线半径和列车速度、重量有关。为了防止因车轮挤压使线路轨距发生变化，轨撑是重载轨道设备配套设计的轨道加强零件，通过间隔设置轨撑，以增大轨道横向刚度。
相关技术中，轨撑与轨道为刚性接触，一方面，轨撑与轨道难以密切贴合安装，装配后仍然会存在一定的安装间隙，不利于提高轨道的横向刚性；另一方面，轨撑与轨道为刚性接触，列车经过时轮轨冲击会产生较大的振动和噪音。
因此，有必要改善上述相关技术方案中存在的一个或者多个问题。
需要注意的是，本部分旨在为权利要求书中陈述的本发明的实施方式提供背景或上下文。此处的描述不因为包括在本部分中就承认是现有技术。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种轨撑和轨撑系统，进而至少在一 定程度上克服由于相关技术的限制和缺陷而导致的一个或者多个问题。
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供一种轨撑，包括：
底板，所述底板中部位置处设置有贯穿的安装槽；
立板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第一边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第一面的方向延伸设置；
弹性层，设置于所述立板外立面上并延伸至所述立板与所述底板的连接处，包括第一弹性层和第二弹性层，所述第一弹性层设置在靠近所述立板一侧，所述第二弹性层与轨道接触，所述第一弹性层的刚度大于所述第二弹性层的刚度；
撑板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第二边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第二面的方向延伸设置；
其中，所述第一边与所述第二边相对设置，所述第一面与所述第二面相对设置。
本发明的一实施例中，所述立板外立面上设置有至少一个镶嵌槽，所述弹性层与所述立板外立面接触的面上设置至少一个镶嵌凸起；
其中，所述镶嵌凸起的个数与所述镶嵌槽的个数相同且所述镶嵌凸起与所述镶嵌槽形状匹配。
本发明的一实施例中，所述弹性层上镶嵌凸起的厚度为2～10mm，所述弹性层的最小厚度处厚度为2～15mm。
本发明的一实施例中，所述立板自由端至少延伸至轨道轨腰中部位置以上；
所述弹性层包括与所述轨道轨肢上部接触的第一接触部和与轨道轨腰接触的第二接触部。
本发明的一实施例中，所述立板自由端延伸至轨道轨颚处；
所述弹性层包括与所述轨道轨肢接触的第一接触部、与所述轨道轨腰接触的第二接触部和与轨道轨颚接触的第三接触部。
本发明的一实施例中，所述立板与所述底板夹角处设置有第一加强结构，所述第一加强结构为第一加强筋或第一加强筋板；
其中，所述第一加强筋的一端与所述底板连接，另一端与所述立板连接，所述第一加强筋与所述立板和底板连接后形成一镂空三角形；所 述第一加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板连接，另一边与所述立板连接。
本发明的一实施例中，所述撑板与所述底板的夹角之间设置有第二加强结构，所述第二加强结构为第二加强筋或第二加强筋板；
其中，所述第二加强筋的一端与所述底板连接，另一端与所述撑板连接，所述第二加强筋与所述撑板和底板连接后形成一镂空三角形；所述第二加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板连接，另一边与所述撑板连接。
根据本发明实施例的第一方面，提供一种轨撑系统，包括上述任一项所述轨撑，还包括：
调距板，与轨道平行设置，包括第一调距板和第二调距板，所述第一调距板和第二调距板共边设置且所述第一调距板和第二调距板形成一预设夹角；
其中，所述第一调距板设置于所述安装槽内，所述第二调距板设置于所述底板第一面上，或所述第二调距板设置于所述安装槽内，所述第一调距板设置于所述底板第一面上。
本发明的一实施例中，还包括：
弹条，所述弹条设置于所述安装槽靠近立板一侧上方，扣压安装于所述调距板上，通过扣压所述调距板来扣压固定所述底板。
本发明的一实施例中，所述第一调距板和/或所述第二调距板上设置有与所述弹条形状适配的固定槽。
本发明的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
本发明的实施例中，上述轨撑，通过弹性层的设置，使得轨撑装配后能够和轨道紧密贴合装配，一方面，更好的增强了轨道的横向刚度，降低了轨道因刚度不足向外倾翻、偏转产生的钢轨波磨及安全问题；另一方面，列车通过轨道时时产生的振动能量转换为弹性层的热能而耗散，使得弹性层具有一定的阻尼功能，减少了轮轨振动噪声；进一步的，弹性层通过刚度不一样的第一弹性层和第二弹性层构成，刚度较高的第一弹性层能够对刚度较低的第二弹性层起到支撑限制作用，在一定程度上防止其严重变形，尽可能使得轨道的向外扩张量在合理设计范围内。上 述轨撑系统，带有弹性层的轨撑能够和轨道紧密贴合装配，更好的增强了轨道的横向刚度，减少了轮轨振动噪声；调距板的设置能够实现轨道横向位置的改变，使得轨距调整便捷可靠。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出本发明示例性实施例中轨撑正视结构示意图；
图2示出本发明示例性实施例中轨撑另一正视结构示意图；
图3示出本发明示例性实施例中轨撑俯视结构示意图；
图4示出本发明示例性实施例中轨道上轨撑系统安装后示意图；
图5示出本发明示例性实施例中轨道上另一轨撑系统安装后示意图；
图6示出本发明示例性实施例中轨道结构示意图；
图7示出本发明示例性实施例中轨道上另一轨撑系统安装后示意图；
图8示出本发明示例性实施例中轨道上另一轨撑系统安装后示意图；
图9示出本发明示例性实施例中调距板结构示意图；
图10示出本发明示例性实施例中弹条结构示意图；
图11示出本发明示例性实施例中转辙器基本轨上轨撑系统安装后示意图；
图12示出本发明示例性实施例中辙叉翼轨上轨撑系统安装后示意图。
其中：101、底板；102、安装槽；103、立板；104、弹性层；1041第一弹性层；1042第二弹性层；105、撑板；106、第一加强结构；107、第二加强结构；200、轨道；201、轨颚；202、轨腰；203、轨肢；300、调距板；301、第一调距板；302、第二调距板；400、弹条；401、第一弧段；402、第二弧段；403、第三弧段；501、第一垫板；502、第一防转铁座；503、铁座；601、第二垫板；602、第二防转铁座；603、台板； 604、弹片；605、尖轨；701、第三垫板；702、第三防转铁座；703、第四防转铁座；704、滑床台板；705、心轨。
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本发明将更加全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。
此外，附图仅为本发明实施例的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。附图中所示的一些方框图是功能实体，不一定必须与物理或逻辑上独立的实体相对应。
本示例实施方式中首先提供了一种轨撑，参考图1、图2和图3中所示，所述轨撑可以包括：底板101、立板103、弹性层104和撑板105。所述底板101中部位置处设置有贯穿的安装槽102；所述立板103与所述底板101垂直连接，从所述底板101的第一边边缘处朝向远离所述底板101第一面的方向延伸设置；所述弹性层104设置于所述立板103外立面上并延伸至所述立板103与所述底板101的连接处，包括第一弹性层1041和第二弹性层1042，所述第一弹性层1041设置在靠近所述立板103一侧，所述第二弹性层1042与轨道200接触，所述第一弹性层1041的刚度大于所述第二弹性层1042的刚度；所述撑板105与所述底板101垂直连接，从所述底板101的第二边边缘处朝向远离所述底板101第二面的方向延伸设置；其中，所述第一边边缘与所述第二边边缘相对设置，所述第一面与所述第二面相对设置。
具体的，上述轨撑可以包括底板101、立板103、弹性层104和撑板105，立板103垂直设置在底板101第一面上的第一边处，撑板105垂直设置在底板101第二面上的第二边处，其中第一边和第二边为底板101相对的两个边，其中，底板101、立板103和撑板105可以是一体成型的，一体成型工艺使得轨撑的整体性较好从而支撑性能较好。示例性的，底 板101为矩形板，第一边和第二边为矩形底板101相互平行的两个边，此时通过立板103和撑板105的设置，形成一横截面为Z型的组合结构。在立板103的外立面上，设置有一弹性层104，所述弹性层104可以是通过硫化方式或通过粘贴的方式使其附着在立板103的外立面上的，当然弹性层104还可以采用其他工艺使其附着于立板103的外立面上的。所述弹性层104为第一弹性层1041和第二弹性层1042构成，第一弹性层1041靠近立板103一侧，第二弹性层与轨道200接触，第一弹性层1041的刚度大于第二弹性层1042的刚度。此种设计下，第二弹性层1042采用高弹性低刚度材料，起到对轨道200的减振降噪作用，第一弹性层1041刚度较大能够对第二弹性层1042起到限制压缩的作用，当第二弹性层1042的压缩形变量达到一定值时，第一弹性层1041承受载荷，在一定程度上控制了第二弹性层1042的压缩变形，尽可能的避免了第二弹性层1042过度变形引起的轨道200偏转，外翻等问题。
示例性的，所述第一弹性层1041和第二弹性层1042可以一体成形，第一弹性层1041可以为一整层设置在所述立板103一侧，也可以局部设置在所述立板103上。第一弹性层1041局部设置在立板103一侧时，可以如图1中所示，在立板103上分区设置多个第一弹性层1041，将第二弹性层1042覆盖设置于所述第一弹性层1041上，使得第二弹性层1042为一整层；也可以如图2中所示，在立板103上分区设置多个第一弹性层1041，在立板103上多个第一弹性层1041的间隙部位设置有第二弹性层1042，第二弹性层1042与轨道200接触且第一弹性层1041距轨道200具有预设距离，该预设距离可以为轨道200对第二弹性层1042合理的压缩形变量。其中，第一弹性层1041具体的设置面积、厚度及数量与轨道200上通过的列车的速度、轴重相关；第二弹性层1042可以为橡胶材料，三元乙丙橡胶、聚氨脂等材料，当然还可以是其他弹性材料构成。
轨撑在进行装配使用时，轨撑的立板103外立面上的弹性层104与轨道200横向外侧密切贴合，对轨道200起到一定的支撑作用，所述弹性层104的最小厚度处的厚度为2～15mm。轨撑通过底板101上的安装槽102安装于轨道200下的垫板上。轨撑的撑板105自由端与垫板接触，对底板101的起到支撑作用。
上述轨撑，通过弹性层104的设置，使得轨撑装配后能够和轨道200紧密贴合装配，一方面，更好的增强了轨道200的横向刚度，降低了轨道200因刚度不足向外倾翻产生的磨损及安全问题，另一方面，列车通过轨道200时时产生的振动能量转换为弹性层104的热能而耗散，具有一定的阻尼功能，减少了轮轨振动噪声；进一步的，弹性层104通过弹性不一样的第一弹性层1041和第二弹性层1042构成，刚度较大的第一弹性层1041能够对刚度较小的第二弹性层1042起到支撑限制作用，在一定程度上防止其严重变形，尽可能使得轨道200的向外扩张量在合理设计范围内。
下面，将参考图1至图12对本示例实施方式中的上述轨撑的各个部分进行更详细的说明。
在一个实施例中，参考图1或2中所示，所述立板103外立面上设置有至少一个镶嵌槽，所述弹性层104与所述立板103外立面接触的面上设置至少一个镶嵌凸起；
其中，所述镶嵌凸起的个数与所述镶嵌槽的个数相同且所述镶嵌凸起与所述镶嵌槽形状匹配。
具体的，为增加弹性层104和立板103外立面的结合牢固性，可以在所述立板103外立面上设置镶嵌槽，在弹性层104上设置镶嵌突起，使镶嵌槽和镶嵌突起形状匹配。通过将镶嵌凸起安装进形状匹配的镶嵌槽中，以增加弹性层104和立板103的接触面积并通过其相互咬合来提高弹性层104和立板103外立面的结合牢固性。该方式使得外立面与弹性层104结合牢固，使得弹性层104不易脱落或移位。示例性的，参考图1中所示，所述弹性层104上的所述镶嵌凸起部位可以设置为第一弹性层1041，其余部分设置为第二弹性层1042。使镶嵌凸起为相对刚度较大的材料，提高了镶嵌凸起和镶嵌槽的咬合牢固性和稳定性，使其对第二弹性层1042具有更好的支撑性。
在一个实施例中，所述弹性层104上镶嵌凸起的厚度为2～10mm，所述弹性层104的最小厚度处厚度为2～15mm。
具体的，所述弹性层104上镶嵌凸起的厚度可以为2～10mm，所述弹性层104的最小厚度处厚度可以为2～15mm，其中，弹性层104的厚 度太小，轨撑安装难度较大且起到的阻尼作用有限，降噪效果较差。
在一个实施例中，参考图4至图6中所示，所述立板103自由端至少延伸至轨道200轨腰202中部位置以上；
所述弹性层104包括与所述轨道200轨肢203上部接触的第一接触部和与轨道200轨腰202接触的第二接触部。
具体的，立板103的自由端至少需要延伸至轨腰202中部位置以上。由于轨撑与轨道200为紧密贴合的，因此轨撑安装后，立板103的高度仅需要高于轨腰202中部即能够对轨道200起到较好的支撑作用。此时，弹性层104不与轨道200的轨颚201接触，仅包括与所述轨道200轨肢203上部接触的第一接触部和与轨道200轨腰202接触的第二接触部。
在一个实施例中，参考图7和图8中所示所述立板103自由端延伸至轨道200轨颚201处；
所述弹性层104包括与所述轨道200轨肢203接触的第一接触部、与所述轨道200轨腰202接触的第二接触部和与轨道200轨颚201接触的第三接触部。
具体的，在上一实施例的基础上，为进一步增强轨撑对轨道200的支撑能力，立板103的自由端可以延伸至轨道200轨颚201处，即轨撑安装后，弹性层104包括与所述轨道200轨肢203接触的第一接触部、与所述轨道200轨腰202接触的第二接触部和与轨道200轨颚201接触的第三接触部。
在一个实施例中，所述立板103与所述底板101夹角处设置有第一加强结构106，所述第一加强结构106为第一加强筋或第一加强筋板；
其中，所述第一加强筋的一端与所述底板101连接，另一端与所述立板103连接，所述第一加强筋与所述立板103和底板101连接后形成一镂空三角形；所述第一加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板101连接，另一边与所述立板103连接。
具体的，由于立板103与底板101之间具有夹角，在安装后受到轨道200的施力后，可能会使得立板103与底板101之间的夹角发生改变，导致轨撑形变，难以与轨道200密切贴合起到良好的支撑作用。因此可以通过在立板103与所述底板101夹角处设置第一加强结构106来改善 上述问题，第一加强结构106可以是加强筋，也可以是加强筋板，其中，加强筋或加强筋板的设置数量可根据需求强度进行设定。
在一个实施例中，所述撑板105与所述底板101的夹角之间设置有第二加强结构107，所述第二加强结构107为第二加强筋或第二加强筋板；
其中，所述第二加强筋的一端与所述底板101连接，另一端与所述撑板105连接，所述第二加强筋与所述撑板105和底板101连接后形成一镂空三角形；所述第二加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板101连接，另一边与所述撑板105连接。
具体的，由于撑板105与底板101之间具有夹角，在安装后受到轨道200的施力后，可能会使得撑板105与底板101之间的夹角发生改变，导致轨撑形变，难以与轨道200密切贴合起到良好的支撑作用。因此可以通过在撑板105与所述底板101夹角处设置第二加强结构107来改善上述问题，第二加强结构107可以是加强筋，也可以是加强筋板，其中，加强筋或加强筋板的设置数量可根据需求强度进行设定。
本示例实施方式中其次还提供了一种轨撑系统，参考图4至图12所示，包括上述任一项所述轨撑，还可以包括：
调距板300，与轨道200平行设置，包括第一调距板301和第二调距板302，所述第一调距板301和第二调距板302共边设置且所述第一调距板301和第二调距板302形成一预设夹角；
其中，所述第一调距板301设置于所述安装槽102内，所述第二调距板302设置于所述底板101第一面上，或所述第二调距板302设置于所述安装槽102内，所述第一调距板301设置于所述底板101第一面上。
具体的，轨撑的安装槽102可以为贯穿的矩形，可以在该矩形安装槽102与轨道200平行的两个边上设置调距板300。参考图9中所示，该调距板300包括第一调距板301和第二调距板302，所述第一调距板301和第二调距板302共边设置使得调距板300的截面为L型。示例性的，第一调距板301和第二调距板302的厚度可以不相同，此时，可以通过调整调距板300，将第一调距板301或是第二调距板302设置在安装槽102内来调整轨道200的横向位置；也可以通过更换不用型号的调距板 300来调整轨道200的横向位置。
在一个实施例中，参考图10中所示，所述轨撑系统还可以包括：
弹条400，所述弹条400设置于所述安装槽102靠近立板103一侧上方，扣压安装于所述调距板300上，通过扣压所述调距板300来扣压固定所述底板101。
具体的，弹条400的包括第一弧段401、第二弧段402和第三弧段403。对弹条400未施加外力时，第一弧段401和第三弧段403上的A、B、D、E点位于同一水平面上，第二弧段402上的C点与所述A、B、D、E不在同一水平面上。安装使用前，先放置弹条，使弹条的A、B、D、E靠近底板101，C点远离底板101，安装时通过螺栓、螺母将第二弧段402下压安装，第二弧段402下压后A、B、C、D、E在同一水平面上，使得第一弧段401和第三弧段403具有向下扣压的力，通过扣压所述调距板300来扣压固定所述底板101，从而对轨撑提供较强的垂直向弹性扣压力以稳定所述轨撑，实现了轨撑的垂直向弹性。
在一个实施例中，所述第一调距板301和/或所述第二调距板302上设置有与所述弹条400形状适配的固定槽。
具体的，通过在第一调距板301和/或所述第二调距板302上设置固定槽，使得弹条400安装后位置更加的稳定。
具体实施例一，参考图4、图5、图7、图8中所示，为轨撑系统在轨道200上的应用：
将轨撑安装在轨道200外侧壁外，弹性层104至少与所述轨道200的轨腰202、轨肢203精密贴合设置。第一垫板501上的第一防转铁座502安装在安装槽102内，第一防转铁座502与轨道200平行的两边与安装槽102之间设置有调距板300。调距板300上方安装有弹条400，弹条400通过螺栓螺母弹性扣压在调距板300上方。轨道200与铁座503之间也可以设置调距板300或其他垫片。当需要调整轨道200横向位置时，通过调整第一防转铁座502两侧调距板300的薄厚，以及轨道200与铁座之间调距板300或垫片的厚度或个数来进行轨道200的横向位置调整。
具体实施例二，参考图11中所示，为轨撑系统在转辙器基本轨上的应用：
将轨撑安装在轨道200即基本轨的外侧壁外，弹性层104至少与所述轨道200的轨腰202、轨肢203精密贴合设置。第二垫板601上的第二防转铁座602安装在安装槽102内，第二防转铁座602与轨道200平行的两边与安装槽102之间设置有调距板300。调距板300上方安装有弹条400，弹条400通过螺栓螺母弹性扣压在调距板300上方。基本轨另一侧的轨肢203位于台板603一侧的下方，台板603上方设置有尖轨605，台板603内腔设置有弹片604。当需要调整轨道200即基本轨横向位置时，通过调整第一防转铁座502两侧调距板300的薄厚来进行横向位置的调整。而基本轨另一侧的轨肢203位于台板603一侧的下方，且与弹片604接触，受到的是弹性力，可直接进行移动。
具体实施例三，参考图12中所示，为轨撑系统在辙叉翼轨上的应用：
将轨撑安装在轨道200即两个翼轨的外侧壁外，弹性层104至少与所述轨道200的轨腰202、轨肢203精密贴合设置。第三垫板701上的第三防转铁座702安装在安装槽102内，第三防转铁座702与轨道200平行的两边与安装槽102之间设置有调距板300。调距板300上方安装有弹条400，弹条400通过螺栓螺母弹性扣压在调距板300上方。
辙叉具有两条翼轨，两条翼轨之间设置有可移动的滑床台板704，滑床台板704上设置有心轨705。当需要调整轨道200即两个翼轨的横向位置时，通过调整第三防转铁座702两侧调距板300的薄厚、第四防转铁座703两侧的调距板300的薄厚以及滑床台板704的移动来进行两个翼轨横向位置的调整。
上述轨撑系统，带有弹性层104的轨撑能够和轨道200紧密贴合装配，更好的增强了轨道200的横向刚度，减少了轮轨振动噪声；调距板300的设置能够实现轨道200横向位置的改变，使得轨距调整便捷可靠。
需要理解的是，上述描述中的术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明实施例的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行结合和组合。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由所附的权 利要求指出。
Claims (10)
- 一种轨撑，其特征在于，包括：底板，所述底板中部位置处设置有贯穿的安装槽；立板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第一边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第一面的方向延伸设置；弹性层，设置于所述立板外立面上并延伸至所述立板与所述底板的连接处，包括第一弹性层和第二弹性层，所述第一弹性层设置在靠近所述立板一侧，所述第二弹性层与轨道接触，所述第一弹性层的刚度大于所述第二弹性层的刚度；撑板，与所述底板垂直连接，从所述底板的第二边的边缘处朝向远离所述底板第二面的方向延伸设置；其中，所述第一边与所述第二边相对设置，所述第一面与所述第二面相对设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述立板外立面上设置有至少一个镶嵌槽，所述弹性层与所述立板外立面接触的面上设置至少一个镶嵌凸起；其中，所述镶嵌凸起的个数与所述镶嵌槽的个数相同且所述镶嵌凸起与所述镶嵌槽形状匹配。
- 根据权利要求2所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述弹性层上镶嵌凸起的厚度为2～10mm，所述弹性层的最小厚度处厚度为2～15mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述立板自由端至少延伸至所述轨道轨腰中部位置以上；所述弹性层包括与所述轨道轨肢上部接触的第一接触部和与轨道轨腰接触的第二接触部。
- 根据权利要求1所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述立板自由端延伸至轨道轨颚处；所述弹性层包括与所述轨道轨肢接触的第一接触部、与所述轨道轨腰接触的第二接触部和与轨道轨颚接触的第三接触部。
- 根据权利要求1～5任一项所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述立板与所述 底板夹角处设置有第一加强结构，所述第一加强结构为第一加强筋或第一加强筋板；其中，所述第一加强筋的一端与所述底板连接，另一端与所述立板连接，所述第一加强筋与所述立板和底板连接后形成一镂空三角形；所述第一加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板连接，另一边与所述立板连接。
- 根据权利要求6所述轨撑，其特征在于，所述撑板与所述底板的夹角之间设置有第二加强结构，所述第二加强结构为第二加强筋或第二加强筋板；其中，所述第二加强筋的一端与所述底板连接，另一端与所述撑板连接，所述第二加强筋与所述撑板和底板连接后形成一镂空三角形；所述第二加强筋板为三角形，该三角形的一边与所述底板连接，另一边与所述撑板连接。
- 一种轨撑系统，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～7任一项所述轨撑，还包括：调距板，与轨道平行设置，包括第一调距板和第二调距板，所述第一调距板和第二调距板共边设置使得所述第一调距板和第二调距板之间形成一预设夹角；其中，安装后所述第一调距板位于所述安装槽内，所述第二调距板设置于所述底板第一面上，或安装后所述第二调距板位于所述安装槽内，所述第一调距板设置于所述底板第一面上。
- 根据权利要求8所述轨撑系统，其特征在于，还包括：弹条，所述弹条设置于所述安装槽靠近立板一侧上方，扣压安装于所述调距板上，通过扣压所述调距板来扣压固定所述底板。
- 根据权利要求9所述轨撑系统，其特征在于，所述第一调距板和/或所述第二调距板上设置有与所述弹条形状适配的固定槽。
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| CN203429512U (zh) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-02-12 | 中国铁道科学研究院 | 一种重载铁路道岔用减振型扣件 |
| CN103603238A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-02-26 | 中铁山桥集团有限公司 | 一种新型道岔轨撑 |
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