WO2023201997A1 - 一种紧固装置的预组装结构及锁定结构 - Google Patents

一种紧固装置的预组装结构及锁定结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023201997A1
WO2023201997A1 PCT/CN2022/123961 CN2022123961W WO2023201997A1 WO 2023201997 A1 WO2023201997 A1 WO 2023201997A1 CN 2022123961 W CN2022123961 W CN 2022123961W WO 2023201997 A1 WO2023201997 A1 WO 2023201997A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
locking
fastening device
parts
assembly
guide
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PCT/CN2022/123961
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈均
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嘉兴汉工汽车紧固件有限公司
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Publication of WO2023201997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023201997A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/10—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
    • F16B21/16—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/10—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
    • F16B21/16—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
    • F16B21/18—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details
    • F16B21/186—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details external, i.e. with contracting action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of fasteners, and in particular to a pre-assembly structure and locking structure of a fastening device.
  • fasteners In automobile manufacturing, a variety of fasteners are used to connect or clamp two or more parts together, such as the interior plastic panels of car door panels, etc.
  • the clamps are fixed to the frame, and different parts or locations require different fasteners.
  • the present invention provides a fastening device pre-assembly structure and locking structure that can solve the above problems.
  • a pre-assembled structure of a fastening device includes a locking piece, a guide cap arranged on one end of the locking piece, and an anchor arranged on the locking piece.
  • the locking piece includes an assembly part for assembling the guide cap, and an insertion part for inserting the anchor.
  • the assembly part is connected to the insertion part and fixed in relative position to the guide cap.
  • the insertion part includes a body, first locking grooves and second locking grooves disposed oppositely on both sides of the body, and two expansion parts disposed between the first and second locking grooves.
  • the first and second locking grooves are arranged along the arrangement direction of the assembly part and the insertion part. There is a recess between the expansion part and the assembly part.
  • the guide cap is assembled on the assembly part and includes a guide part facing away from the insertion part, and an end cap facing the insertion part.
  • the anchor includes one set on the clamping plate, two locking parts arranged oppositely and spaced apart on the clamping plate, and two holding parts respectively arranged between the two locking parts.
  • the locking portion includes a hoop portion extending toward the locking piece. The two retaining parts respectively abut and snap on the first locking groove, and the end cover is arranged opposite to the end of the locking part, and the two closing parts are hugged in the recessed part. superior.
  • the assembly part includes a socket rod connected to the insertion part, a mounting groove provided on the socket rod, a tightening groove opened on the socket rod, and two Two fixed hooks are respectively provided at the ends of the socket rods, and the arrangement direction of the two fixed hooks is perpendicular to the opening direction of the tightening groove.
  • the guide cap further includes a step hole that is sleeved on the socket rod.
  • the step hole is coupled in the installation groove and engages between the installation groove and the fixing hook.
  • the outline of the guide portion of the guide cap in a cross-section along the arrangement direction of the assembly portion and the insertion portion is a straight line or an arc line.
  • the end cap is a flat surface
  • the end of the locking part is a flat surface
  • the end cap is in contact with or spaced apart from the end of the locking part.
  • the two closing parts are closed so that the end cover is opposite to the end of the locking part. set up.
  • the area of the end of the locking part is less than or equal to the area of the end cover.
  • the locking structure of the fastening device includes a locking member, a guide cap provided on one end of the locking member, and an anchor provided on the locking member.
  • the locking piece includes an assembly part for assembling the guide cap, and an insertion part for inserting the anchor.
  • the assembly part is connected to the insertion part and fixed in relative position to the guide cap.
  • the insertion part includes a body, first locking grooves and second locking grooves disposed oppositely on both sides of the body, and two expansion parts disposed between the first and second locking grooves.
  • the first and second locking grooves are arranged along the arrangement direction of the assembly part and the insertion part.
  • the guide cap is assembled on the assembly part and includes a guide part facing away from the insertion part, and an end cap facing the insertion part.
  • the anchor includes one sleeve that is sleeved on the clamping disk, two locking parts that are oppositely and spaced apart from each other on the clamping disk, and two holding parts that are respectively provided between the two locking parts.
  • the locking portion includes a hoop portion extending toward the locking piece. The two holding parts are respectively pressed against and locked on the second locking groove. The two hoop parts abut against the expansion part.
  • the diameter of the circumscribed circle at the connection between the locking part and the holding part and the clamping disc is larger than the diameter of the through hole.
  • the locking part and the holding part are arranged opposite to each other in pairs along the circumferential direction of the locking piece.
  • the diameter of the inscribed circle of the hole surrounded by the two hoop parts is smaller than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the two expansion parts.
  • the fastening device provided by the present invention is in a pre-assembled state because the guide cap provided by the fastening device has the guide portion and the end cover, and the end cover is connected with the locking portion.
  • the end portions are arranged oppositely, and the guide cap only serves as a guide, and the end cap is only opposite to the end of the locking portion and does not cover the end of the locking portion. Therefore, the guide cap only serves as a guide.
  • the cap can be provided as a solid structure, thereby improving the strength of the guide cap and preventing it from being deformed when inserted into the through hole of the carrier so that the end of the locking portion directly abuts the carrier, especially if only one of the guide caps is inserted into the through hole of the carrier.
  • the locking part When the locking part is tilted against the carrier, the locking part may be deformed or even broken, causing the fastening device to fail, resulting in installation failure.
  • the fastening device When the fastening device is in the locked state, the locking part is opened by the expansion part, so that the carrier is sandwiched between the locking part and the clamping disk.
  • the locking part and The diameter of the circumscribed circle at the connection between the holding part and the clamping disc is larger than the diameter of the through hole, so that there is a certain distance between the carrier and the fastening device, especially between the carrier and the holding part, thereby making The carrier and the fastening device can swing, so that the carrier and the connected components can swing with each other, thereby increasing the tolerance space between the carrier and the components, thereby avoiding the possibility of causing damage when the fastening device is inserted. damage, thereby improving the yield of the fastening device during assembly.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-assembled structure of a fastening device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the pre-assembled structure of the fastening device of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the guide cap included in the fastening device of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the locking structure of the fastening device of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the locking structure of the fastening device of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the locking structure of the fastening device of FIG. 4 along another cross-section.
  • FIGS 1 to 5 they are structural schematic diagrams of the pre-assembly structure and locking structure of a fastening device provided by the present invention.
  • the fastening device includes a locking member 10 , a guide cap 20 provided on one end of the locking member 10 , and an anchor 30 provided on the locking member 10 .
  • the fastening device can be used to attach components 100 such as the interior plastic plate of the car door panel to the frame sheet metal 200 of the car, or to fix other components.
  • the interior plastic plate of the car door panel itself should be The existing technology will not be described again here.
  • the locking member 10 includes an assembly part 11 for assembling the guide cap 20 , an insertion part 12 for inserting the anchor 30 , and an interior plastic plate for clamping the car door panel, etc.
  • the engaging portion 13 of the component 100 includes a socket rod 111 connected to the insertion part 12, a mounting groove 112 provided on the socket rod 111, and a tightening groove 113 opened on the socket rod 111. , and two fixed hooks 114 respectively provided at the ends of the socket rod 111.
  • the sleeve rod 111 is used to insert and fix the guide cap 20 , so its shape and structure should be the same as the shape of the central hole of the guide cap 20 .
  • the mounting groove 112 is opened along the circumferential direction of the socket rod 111 and is used to fix the guide cap 20 in the arrangement direction of the assembly part 11 and the insertion part 12. Therefore, it is in contact with the insertion part 12. a step between them. This step together with the fixing hook 114 fixes the guide cap 20 .
  • the tightening groove 113 is opened on the socket rod 111, which is used to deform and tighten the fixing hooks 114 by squeezing the fixing hooks 114 when the guide cap 20 is inserted, so that the two fixing hooks 114 can be It can be inserted into and passed through the central hole of the guide cap 20 .
  • the maximum diameter of its circumscribed circle is larger than the diameter of the central hole of the guide cap 20 .
  • the arrangement direction of the two fixing hooks 114 is perpendicular to the opening direction of the tightening groove 113, so that the fixing hooks 114 can be squeezed.
  • the free end of the fixing hook 114 is arc-shaped.
  • the insertion part 12 includes a body 121 and two pairs of first locking grooves 122 and second locking grooves 123 that are disposed on both sides of the body 121 and opposite to each other.
  • the main body 121 and the socket rod 11 are integrally formed.
  • the arrangement direction of each pair of first and first locking grooves 122 and 123 is the same as the arrangement direction of the assembly part 11 and the insertion part 12 .
  • the first and second locking grooves 123 receive the same corresponding structure of the anchor 30 in different assembly states, so they have the same shape.
  • the first and second locking grooves 123 are V-shaped grooves.
  • the first and second locking grooves 123 are spaced apart, and their spacing distance is set according to actual needs.
  • the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the assembly part 11 and the insertion part 12, so as to abut the corresponding structure of the anchor 30 in the arrangement direction of the assembly part 11 and the insertion part 12.
  • the two pairs of first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 are arranged back-to-back, that is, they are arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the locking member 10 .
  • the two expansion portions 124 are disposed between the two pairs of the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 , that is, the two expansion portions 124 are also disposed back-to-back, and are also disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the locking member 10 . As a result, two pairs of the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 and the two expansion portions 124 are arranged alternately.
  • the functions of the expanded portion 124 and the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 will be described in detail below in conjunction with the anchor 30 .
  • the recess 125 is used for the anchor 30 to cooperate so that the fastening device can be switched between a pre-assembled state and a locked state.
  • the diameter of the recess 125 is smaller than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the expansion part 125, so that when the locking part 32 of the anchor 30 is located in the recess 125, the fastening device is in a pre-assembled state, and when the anchor 30 When the locking portion 32 of the component 30 is in the expanded portion, the fastening device is in a locked state.
  • the clamping portion 13 is used to clamp the component 100 and has two clamping disks.
  • the component 100 is clamped between the two clamping disks. Therefore, the component 100 has a U-shaped groove for insertion.
  • the clamping portion 13 is provided.
  • the clamping portion 13 itself is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the guide cap 20 is assembled on the assembly part 11 and includes a guide part 21 facing away from the insertion part 12, an end cover 22 facing the insertion part 12, and an axial opening in the guide part 20. Step hole 23.
  • the outline of the guide part 21 in the cross section along the arrangement direction of the assembly part 11 and the insertion part 12 is a straight line or an arc line.
  • the guide part 21 When it is inserted into the through hole 201 of the carrier 200 , the guide part 21 has a guide function to facilitate rapid insertion and at the same time avoid damage to the anchor 30 below. It is conceivable that the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of the guide portion 21 should be equivalent to the through hole 201 of the carrier 200 .
  • the end cap 22 is disposed on the other side of the guide portion 21 to be opposite to the anchor 30 .
  • the stepped hole 23 is engaged with the mounting groove 112 of the assembly part 11 .
  • the guide cap 20 is fixedly clamped on the assembly part 11 with high firmness.
  • the plane of the end cap 22 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the locking member 10.
  • the guide cap 20 is a solid structure.
  • the anchor 30 includes a clamping plate 31 sleeved on the insertion part 12, two locking parts 32 arranged oppositely and spaced apart on the clamping plate 31, and two locking parts 32 respectively arranged on both sides. the holding portions 33 between the locking portions 32.
  • the clamping disc 31 and the locking part 32 are used to clamp the carrier 200 together, that is, the carrier 200 is clamped between the clamping disc 31 and the locking part 32 .
  • a sealing ring is provided on the outer edge of the clamping plate 31, which is an existing technology and will not be described again here.
  • the locking portion 32 is used to cooperate with the clamping plate 31 to relatively fix the anchor 30 in the through hole 201 of the carrier 200 .
  • each locking portion 32 includes a hoop portion 321 extending toward the locking member 10 .
  • the side of the hoop portion 321 facing the locking member 10 is arc-shaped to couple with the recessed portion 125 .
  • the hoop portion 321 When the fastening device is in the locked state, the hoop portion 321 is pushed open when it abuts against the expansion portion 125, thereby clamping the carrier between the locking portion 32 and the clip-shaped disk 31. Therefore, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the hole surrounded by the two hoop portions 321 is smaller than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the two expanded portions 124 .
  • the holding portion 33 is used to maintain the relative position between the anchor 30 and the locking piece 10 so that the fastening device is in different usage states. It is respectively connected with the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123. cooperate to achieve the above purposes. Since the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 are V-shaped grooves extending toward the central axis of the locking member 10 , the retaining portion 33 also extends toward the central axis of the locking member 10 , that is, Extends toward the central axis of the anchor 30 so that the holding portion 33 can be locked in the first locking groove 122 or the second locking groove 123 .
  • the structure and shape of the holding portion 33 should be similar to the structure and shape of the first and second locking grooves 122 and 123 so that they can be coupled to each other. It can be understood that when the two retaining parts 33 respectively abut and engage in the first locking groove 122 , the two closing parts 321 are closed to make the end cover 22 and the locking groove 122 .
  • the ends of the portion 32 are arranged opposite to each other. In particular, when the two closing portions 321 are closed, the area of the end of the locking portion 32 is less than or equal to the area of the end cover 22 , thereby avoiding contact between the end of the locking portion 32 and the carrier 200
  • the edge of the through hole 201 hits the anchor 30 and damages the anchor 30 .
  • each locking part 32 corresponds to an expansion part 124. Therefore, the locking part 32 corresponds to the expansion part 124.
  • the holding portions 33 are arranged in pairs opposite to each other along the circumferential direction of the locking piece 10 .
  • the diameter of the circumscribed circle at the connection between the locking part 32 and the holding part 33 and the clamping plate 31 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 201 of the carrier 200, so when the anchor 30 is inserted into the through hole 201 of the carrier 200, the relative position of the fastening device and the carrier 20 can be fixed along the central axis direction of the anchor 30, and along the radial direction of the anchor 30, the relative position of the fastening device and the carrier 20 can be fixed.
  • the anchor 30 can rock relative to the carrier 200 .
  • the fastening device provided by the present invention is in a pre-assembled state because the guide cap 20 of the fastening device has the guide portion 21 and the end cap 22, and the end cap 22 is connected with the The ends of the locking part 32 are arranged oppositely, the guide cap 20 only plays a guiding role, and the end cover 22 is only arranged opposite to the end of the locking part 32 and does not cover the locking part.
  • the guide cap 20 can be configured as a solid structure, thereby improving the strength of the guide cap 20 and preventing it from deforming when inserted into the through hole 201 of the carrier 200 and causing the locking portion 32 to
  • the end of the locking part 32 directly abuts the carrier 200, especially when only one locking part 32 obliquely abuts the carrier 200, the locking part 32 may be deformed or even broken, causing the fastening device to fail. This causes the installation to fail.
  • the locking portion 32 is opened by the expansion portion 124 , so that the carrier 200 is sandwiched between the locking portion 32 and the clamping plate 31 .
  • the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the connection between the locking part 32 and the holding part 33 and the clamping plate 31 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 201, so that there is a gap between the carrier 200 and the fastening device, especially between the carrier 30 and the fastening device.
  • There is a certain spacing between the holding parts 33 so that the carrier 200 and the fastening device can swing. This allows the carrier and the connected components to swing with each other, thereby improving the fault tolerance between the carrier and the components. space, thereby preventing damage to the fastening device when it is inserted, thereby improving the yield of the fastening device during assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Abstract

一种紧固装置预组装结构及锁定结构，紧固装置的预组装结构包括锁定件（10）、导向帽（20）以及锚固件（30）。锁定件（10）包括组装部（11）以及插装部（12）。组装部（11）与插装部（12）连接并与导向帽（20）的相对位置固定。插装部（12）包括本体（121）、第一锁定槽（122）、第二锁定槽（123），以及扩充部（124）。扩充部（124）与组装部（11）之间具有一个凹部（125）。导向帽（20）包括导向部（21）以及端盖（22）。锚固件（30）包括夹装盘（31）、两个锁定部（32），以及两个保持部（33）。锁定部（32）包括合箍部（321）。端盖（22）与锁定部（32）的端部相对设置。当紧固装置处于锁定结构时，锁定部及保持部与夹装盘之间的连接处外接圆的直径大于通孔的直径。本紧固装置可以避免紧固装置被插入时造成损坏，从而提高紧固装置组装时的良率。

Description

一种紧固装置的预组装结构及锁定结构 技术领域
本发明涉及紧固件技术领域，特别涉及一种紧固装置预组装结构及锁定结构。
背景技术
在汽车制造中，会使用到很多的各种各样的紧固件，这些紧固件将两个或两个以上的零部件连接或夹设在一起，如将汽车门板的内饰塑料板等夹设固定在车架，而且不同的零部件或不同的位置需要不同的紧固件。
随着人们生活水平的日益提高，汽车渐渐成为人们的日常代步工具，因此导致汽车一年的生产量巨大，所使用的紧固件的量也更是巨大，因此这些紧固件的使用时的便利性，以及使用时的低的损坏率是一个非常的关键因素。因为现有的汽车生产线都是流水线，每一件零部件的使用便利性与低的损坏率或高的良率都将对流水线的正常运转都非常重要，任何一个零部件在使用时损坏都将造成整个流水线的卡顿。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种可以解决上述问题的紧固装置预组装结构及锁定结构。
一种紧固装置的预组装结构，其包括一个锁定件，一个设置在所述锁定件一端的导向帽，以及一个设置在所述锁定件上的锚固件。所述锁定件包括一个用于组装所述导向帽的组装部，以及一个用于插装所述锚固件的插装部。所述组装部与所述插装部连接并与所述导向帽的相对位置固定。所述插装部包括一个本体，设置在所述本体两侧且相对设置的第一锁定槽和第二锁定槽，以及两个设置在所述第一、第二锁定槽之间的扩充部。所述第一、第二锁定槽沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向排列。所述扩充部与所述组装部之间具有一个凹部。所述导向帽组装在所述组装部上并包括一个背向所述插装部的导向部，以及一个朝向所述插装部的端盖。所述锚固件包括一个套设在所述夹装盘，两个相对地且间隔设置在所述夹装盘上的锁定部，以及两个分别设置在两个所述锁定部 之间的保持部。所述锁定部包括一个朝向所述锁定件延伸的合箍部。两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第一锁定槽上，且所述端盖与在所述锁定部的端部相对设置，两个所述合箍部合抱在所述凹部上。
进一步地，所述组装部包括一个与所述插装部连接的套接杆，一个与设置在所述套接杆上的安装槽，一个开设在所述套接杆上的紧缩槽，以及两个分别设置在所述套接杆的端部的固定钩，两个所述固定钩的排列方向垂直于所述紧缩槽的开设方向。
进一步地，所述导向帽还包括一个套接在所述套接杆上的台阶孔，所述台阶孔耦合在所述安装槽中并卡接该安装槽与固定钩之间。
进一步地，所述导向帽在沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向的截面上所述导向部的轮廓线为直线或弧形线。
进一步地，所述端盖为一个平面，所述锁定部的端部为一个平面，所述端盖与所述锁定部的端部相抵接或间隔设置。
进一步地，当两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第一锁定槽中时，两个所述合箍部合拢以使所述端盖与在所述锁定部的端部相对设置。
进一步地，当两个所述合箍部合拢时所述锁定部的端部的面积小于或等于所述端盖的面积。
一种紧固装置的锁定结构，其用于将一个部件紧固在一个载体上，所述载体包括一个通孔。所述紧固装置的锁定结构包括一个锁定件，一个设置在所述锁定件一端的导向帽，以及一个设置在所述锁定件上的锚固件。所述锁定件包括一个用于组装所述导向帽的组装部，以及一个用于插装所述锚固件的插装部。所述组装部与所述插装部连接并与所述导向帽的相对位置固定。所述插装部包括一个本体，设置在所述本体两侧且相对设置的第一锁定槽和第二锁定槽，以及两个设置在所述第一、第二锁定槽之间的扩充部。所述第一、第二锁定槽沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向排列。所述扩充部与所述组装部之间具有一个凹部。所述导向帽组装在所述组装部上并包括一个背向所述插装部的导向部，以及一个朝向所述插装部的端盖。所述锚固件包括一个套设在所述夹装盘，两个相对地且间隔设置在所述夹装盘上的锁定部，以及两个分别设置在两个所述锁定部之间的保持部。所述锁定部包括一个朝向所述锁定件延伸的合箍部。两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第二锁定槽上。两个所述合箍部抵顶在所 述扩充部上。所述锁定部及保持部与所述夹装盘之间的连接处的外接圆的直径大于所述通孔的直径。
进一步地，所述锁定部与所述保持部沿所述锁定件的周向方向成对地彼此相对设置。
进一步地，两个所述合箍部所围成的孔的内接圆的直径小于两个所述扩充部的外接圆的直径。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的紧固装置在预组装状态时，由于该紧固装置所具有的导向帽具有所述导向部及端盖，且该端盖与在所述锁定部的端部相对设置，所述导向帽仅起导向的作用，且所述端盖仅是与所述锁定部的端部相对而并没有包覆在所述锁定部的端部，因此，所述导向帽可以设置成一个实体结构，从而可以提高该导向帽的强度，避免其在插入所述载体的通孔时发生变形而使该锁定部的端部直接抵顶在载体上，特别是仅一个所述锁定部倾斜地抵顶在所述载体上时使得所述锁定部会发生变形甚至折断而导致该紧固装置失效，从而导致安装失败。而所述紧固装置处于锁定状态时，所述锁定部被所述扩充部撑开，从而使所述载体被夹设在所述锁定部与夹装盘之间，而由于所述锁定部及保持部与夹装盘之间的连接处的外接圆的直径大于所述通孔的直径，从而使得该载体与紧固装置之间，特别是载体与保持部之间具有一定的间隔，进而使得该载体与紧固装置之间可以摇摆，这样可以使得载体与所连接的部件之间可以相互摆动，从而可以提高该载体与部件之间的容错空间，进而可以避免该紧固装置被插入时造成损坏，从而提高该紧固装置在组装时的良率。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的一种紧固装置的预组装结构的结构示意图。
图2为图1的紧固装置的预组装结构的分解结构示意图。
图3为图1的紧固装置所具有的导向帽的截面结构示意图。
图4为图1的紧固装置的锁定结构的结构示意图。
图5为图4的紧固装置的锁定结构的沿一个截面的结构示意图。
图6为图4的紧固装置的锁定结构的沿另一个截面的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施例进行进一步详细说明。应当理解的是，此处对 本发明实施例的说明并不用于限定本发明的保护范围。
如图1至图5所示，其为本发明提供的一种紧固装置的预组装结构及锁定结构的结构示意图。所述紧固装置包括一个锁定件10，一个设置在所述锁定件10一端的导向帽20，以及一个设置在所述锁定件10上的锚固件30。所述紧固装置可以用于将汽车门板的内饰塑料板等部件100在汽车的车架钣金200上，或者用于固定其他的零部件，所述汽车门板的内饰塑料板本身应当为现有技术，在此不再赘述。
所述锁定件10包括一个用于组装所述导向帽20的组装部11，一个用于插装所述锚固件30的插装部12，以及一个用于卡接汽车门板的内饰塑料板等所述部件100的卡接部13。所述组装部11包括一个与所述插装部12连接的套接杆111，一个设置在所述套接杆111上的安装槽112，一个开设在所述套接杆111上的紧缩槽113，以及两个分别设置在所述套接杆111的端部的固定钩114。所述套接杆111用于插设固定所述导向帽20，因此其形状及结构应当与所述导向帽20的中心孔的形状相同。所述安装槽112沿所述套接杆111的周向方向开设，用于在该组装部11与插装部12的排列方向上固定所述导向帽20，因此其与所述插装部12之间形成的一个台阶。该台阶与所述固定钩114一起来固定所述导向帽20。所述紧缩槽113开设在所述套接杆111上，其用于在插装所述导向帽20时通过挤压所述固定钩114而发生变形并紧缩从而可以使两个所述固定钩114可以插入并穿过所述导向帽20的中心孔。所述固定钩114在自由状态时，其外接圆的最大直径大于所述导向帽20的中心孔的直径。两个所述固定钩114的排列方向垂直于所述紧缩槽113的开设方向，从而可以挤压该固定钩114。为了便于插设，所述固定钩114的自由端为弧形。
所述插装部12包括一个本体121，两对分别设置在所述本体121两侧且相对设置的第一锁定槽122和第二锁定槽123，两个分别设置在所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123之间的扩充部124，以及一个设置在所述扩充部124与所述组装部11之间的凹部125。所述本体121与所述套接杆11一体成型。每一对所述第一、第一锁定槽122、123的排列方向与所述组装部11与插装部12的排列方向相同。所述第一、第二锁定槽123分别在不同组装状态下容接所述锚固件30的同一个相应结构，因此其具有相同的形状。在本实施例中，所述第一、第二锁定槽123为V形槽。该第一、第二锁定槽123间隔设置，且其间隔距离根据实 际的需要设定。所述V形槽的开设方向垂直于所述组装部11与插装部12的排列方向，以在所述组装部11与插装部12的排列方向上抵接所述锚固件30的相应结构。两对所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123呈背靠背设置，即其以所述锁定件10的中心轴对称设置。两个所述扩充部124设置在两对所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123之间，即两个扩充部124也呈背靠背设置，也以所述锁定件10的中心轴对称设置。从而使得两对所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123，以及两个扩充部124交替设置。所述扩充部124以及第一、第二锁定槽122、123的作用会在下面结合所述锚固件30进行详细说明。所述凹部125用于所述锚固件30配合以实现该紧固装置可以预组装状态与锁定状态之间切换。所述凹部125的直径小于所述扩充部125的外接圆的直径，从而当所述锚固件30的锁定部32位于所述凹部125时，该紧固装置处于预组装状态，而当所述锚固件30的锁定部32处于所述扩充部时，该紧固装置处于锁定状态。
所述卡接部13用于卡接所述部件100，其具有两个卡接盘，该部件100卡接在该两个卡接盘之间，因此，所述部件100具有一个U形槽，以插设所述卡接部13。所述卡接部13本身为现有技术，在此不再详细说明。
所述导向帽20组装在所述组装部11上并包括一个背向所述插装部12的导向部21，一个朝向所述插装部12的端盖22，以及一个开设在其轴向的台阶孔23。沿所述组装部11与插装部12的排列方向的截面上所述导向部21的轮廓线为直线或弧形线，当其插入载体200的通孔201时，所述导向部21具有导向作用，以便于快速插入，同时也可以避免损伤下面的锚固件30。可以想到的是，所述导向部21的最大外接圆直径应当与所述载体200的通孔201相当。所述端盖22设置在所述导向部21的另一侧以与所述锚固件30相对，其为平面结构，其可以与所述锚固件30的端部相抵接或间隔设置。所述台阶孔23卡接在所述组装部11的安装槽112上，利用所述安装槽112的台阶与固定钩114形成的夹设槽，以及与所述台阶孔23的配合，可以将所述导向帽20固定夹持在所述组装部11上，而且牢固度很高。为了保证所述导向帽20的强度，所述端盖22所在的平面垂直于所述锁定件10的轴向，同时所述导向帽20为实心结构，因此当该紧固装置，特别是该导向帽20插入所述载体200的通孔201中，由于所述端盖22所在的平面垂直于所述锁定件10的轴向，因此其会抵顶在该锁定件10上，从而使得该导向帽20不会变形，进而可以极大地保护所述锚固件30。
所述锚固件30包括一个套设在插装部12上的所述夹装盘31，两个相对地且间隔设置在所述夹装盘31上的锁定部32，以及两个分别设置在两个所述锁定部32之间的保持部33。所述夹装盘31与所述锁定部32一起用来卡接所述载体200，即所述载体200卡接在所述夹装盘31与锁定部32之间。为了达到防水以及减少噪音的目的，所述夹装盘31的外缘上设置有密封圈，其本身为现有技术，在此不再赘述。所述锁定部32用于与所述夹装盘31配合以将该锚固件30相对固定在所述载体200的通孔201中。因此当所述紧固装置处于预组装状态时，所述锁定部32的最大外接圆的直径应当小于或等于所述载体200的通孔201。而当所述紧固装置处于锁定状态时，所述锁定部32的最大外接圆大于所棕载体200的通孔201。为了达到该目的，每一个所述锁定部32包括一个朝向所述锁定件10延伸的合箍部321。该合箍部321朝向所述锁定件10的一侧为弧形，以与所述凹部125耦合。而当所述紧固装置处于锁定状态时，该合箍部321抵顶在所述扩充部125时，其被撑开，从而将载体夹持在该锁定部32与夹状盘31之间，也因此，两个所述合箍部321所围成的孔的内接圆的直径小于两个所述扩充部124的外接圆的直径。
所述保持部33用于保持所述锚固件30与锁定件10之间的相对位置以使所述紧固装置处于不同的使用状态，其分别与所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123相配合，以达到上述目的。由于所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123为一个V形槽，其朝所述锁定件10的中心轴延伸，因此所述保持部33也朝所述锁定件10的中心轴延伸，即朝所述锚固件30的中心轴延伸，以使得该保持部33可以卡接在所述第一锁定槽122或第二锁定槽123中。所述保持部33的结构及形状应当与所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123的结构及形状相似，以便其可以相互耦合。可以理解的是，当两个所述保持部33分别抵顶并卡接在所述第一锁定槽122中时，两个所述合箍部321合拢以使所述端盖22与所述锁定部32的端部相对设置。特别地，当两个所述合箍部321合拢时所述锁定部32的端部的面积小于或等于所述端盖22的面积，从而可以避免该锁定部32的端部与所述载体200的通孔201边缘抵顶而损坏该锚固件30。而当两个所述保持部33分别抵顶并卡接在所述第二锁定槽123中时，两个所述合箍部321被所述扩充部124撑开以将所述载体200夹设在所述夹装盘31与锁定部32之间。所述保持部33的位置与所述第一、第二锁定槽122、123的位置相对应，也因此每一个所述锁定部32与一 个扩充部124相对应，因此所述锁定部32与所述保持部33沿所述锁定件10的周向方向成对地彼此相对设置。
另外因为被连接的部件100与载体200的通孔201之间会有误差，同时在车辆使用过程中，由于各种因素如颠簸，部件100与载体200之间会相互错位，因此为了增加所述紧固装置的容错率及其柔性，所述锁定部32及保持部33与所述夹装盘31之间的连接处的外接圆的直径大于所述载体200的通孔201的直径，从而当所述锚固件30插入所述载体200的通孔201中时，沿该锚固件30的中心轴方向可以固定该紧固装置与载体20的相对位置，而沿该锚固件30的径向，所述锚固体30可以相对于载体200晃动。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的紧固装置在预组装状态时，由于该紧固装置所具有的导向帽20具有所述导向部21及端盖22，且所述端盖22与所述锁定部32的端部相对设置，所述导向帽20仅起导向的作用，且所述端盖22仅是与所述锁定部32的端部相对设置而并没有包覆在所述锁定部32的端部，因此，所述导向帽20可以设置成一个实体结构，从而可以提高该导向帽20的强度，避免其在插入所述载体200的通孔201时发生变形而使该锁定部32的端部直接抵顶在载体200上，特别是仅一个所述锁定部32倾斜地抵顶在所述载体200上时使得所述锁定部32会发生变形甚至折断而导致该紧固装置失效，从而导致安装失败。而所述紧固装置处于锁定状态时，所述锁定部32被所述扩充部124撑开，从而使所述载体200被夹设在所述锁定部32与夹装盘31之间，而由于所述锁定部32及保持部33与夹装盘31之间的连接处的外接圆的直径大于所述通孔201的直径，从而使得该载体200与紧固装置之间，特别是载体30与保持部33之间具有一定的间隔，进而使得该载体200与紧固装置之间可以摇摆，这样可以使得载体与所连接的部件之间可以相互摆动，从而可以提高该载体与部件之间的容错空间，进而可以避免该紧固装置被插入时造成损坏，从而提高该紧固装置在组装时的良率。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用于局限本发明的保护范围，任何在本发明精神内的修改、等同替换或改进等，都涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述紧固装置的预组装结构包括一个锁定件，一个设置在所述锁定件一端的导向帽，以及一个设置在所述锁定件上的锚固件，所述锁定件包括一个用于组装所述导向帽的组装部，以及一个用于插装所述锚固件的插装部，所述组装部与所述插装部连接并与所述导向帽的相对位置固定，所述插装部包括一个本体，设置在所述本体两侧且相对设置的第一锁定槽和第二锁定槽，以及两个设置在所述第一、第二锁定槽之间的扩充部，所述第一、第二锁定槽沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向排列，所述扩充部与所述组装部之间具有一个凹部，所述导向帽组装在所述组装部上并包括一个背向所述插装部的导向部，以及一个朝向所述插装部的端盖，所述端盖为一个平面且该平面垂直于所述锁定件的中心轴，所述锚固件包括一个套设在所述夹装盘，两个相对地且间隔设置在所述夹装盘上的锁定部，以及两个分别设置在两个所述锁定部之间的保持部，所述锁定部包括一个朝向所述锁定件延伸的合箍部，两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第一锁定槽上，且所述端盖与在所述锁定部的端部相对设置，两个所述合箍部合抱在所述凹部上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述组装部包括一个与所述插装部连接的套接杆，一个与设置在所述套接杆上的安装槽，一个开设在所述套接杆上的紧缩槽，以及两个分别设置在所述套接杆的端部的固定钩，两个所述固定钩的排列方向垂直于所述紧缩槽的开设方向。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述导向帽还包括一个套接在所述套接杆上的台阶孔，所述台阶孔耦合在所述安装槽中并卡接该安装槽与固定钩之间。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述导向帽在沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向的截面上所述导向部的轮廓线为直线或弧形线。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述端盖为一个平面，所述锁定部的端部为一个平面，所述端盖与所述锁定部的端部相抵接或间隔设置。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：当两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第一锁定槽中时，两个所述合箍部合拢以使所述端盖与在所述锁定部的端部相对设置。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：当两个所述合箍部合拢时所述锁定部的端部的面积小于或等于所述端盖的面积。
  8. 一种紧固装置的锁定结构，其用于将一个部件紧固在一个载体上，所述载体包括一个通孔，其特征在于：所述紧固装置的锁定结构包括一个锁定件，一个设置在所述锁定件一端的导向帽，以及一个设置在所述锁定件上的锚固件，所述锁定件包括一个用于组装所述导向帽的组装部，以及一个用于插装所述锚固件的插装部，所述组装部与所述插装部连接并与所述导向帽的相对位置固定，所述插装部包括一个本体，设置在所述本体两侧且相对设置的第一锁定槽和第二锁定槽，以及两个设置在所述第一、第二锁定槽之间的扩充部，所述第一、第二锁定槽沿所述组装部与插装部的排列方向排列，所述扩充部与所述组装部之间具有一个凹部，所述导向帽组装在所述组装部上并包括一个背向所述插装部的导向部，以及一个朝向所述插装部的端盖，所述锚固件包括一个套设在所述夹装盘，两个相对地且间隔设置在所述夹装盘上的锁定部，以及两个分别设置在两个所述锁定部之间的保持部，所述锁定部包括一个朝向所述锁定件延伸的合箍部，两个所述保持部分别抵顶并卡接在所述第二锁定槽上，两个所述合箍部抵顶在所述扩充部上，所述锁定部及保持部与所述夹装盘之间的连接处的外接圆的直径大于所述通孔的直径。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：所述锁定部与所述保持部沿所述锁定件的周向方向成对地彼此相对设置。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的紧固装置的预组装结构，其特征在于：两个所述合箍部所围成的孔的内接圆的直径小于两个所述扩充部的外接圆的直径。
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