WO2023201899A1 - 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法、喷丝板组件及多丝纱 - Google Patents

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法、喷丝板组件及多丝纱 Download PDF

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WO2023201899A1
WO2023201899A1 PCT/CN2022/103785 CN2022103785W WO2023201899A1 WO 2023201899 A1 WO2023201899 A1 WO 2023201899A1 CN 2022103785 W CN2022103785 W CN 2022103785W WO 2023201899 A1 WO2023201899 A1 WO 2023201899A1
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Prior art keywords
molecular weight
high molecular
weight polyethylene
ultra
section
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PCT/CN2022/103785
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李扬
亓秀斌
来庆发
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浙江毅聚新材料有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江毅聚新材料有限公司 filed Critical 浙江毅聚新材料有限公司
Priority to JP2023532690A priority Critical patent/JP2024517530A/ja
Priority to KR1020237017015A priority patent/KR20230151098A/ko
Priority to EP22893973.2A priority patent/EP4289997A1/en
Priority to US18/214,227 priority patent/US20230340701A1/en
Publication of WO2023201899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023201899A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of fiber spinning and forming, especially the preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, spinneret assembly and multifilament yarn.
  • the spinneret assembly generally includes a shell and a The spinneret in the shell and the spinneret holes on the spinneret pressurize the melt into the spinneret, extrude the chemical fiber filament through the spinneret hole, and then cool the chemical fiber filament for final shaping.
  • the melt enters the spinneret. Due to the possibility that the amount of extrusion cannot enter the spinneret at the same time during the extrusion process, there is a possibility that the filament will be uneven during spinning. situation, affecting the molding quality.
  • this application provides a spinneret assembly, an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber preparation method, and a multifilament yarn.
  • the application provides a spinneret assembly, which adopts the following technical solution:
  • the spinneret assembly includes a housing, a plate body and a spinneret hole opened in the plate body, and the spinneret hole includes A pressurized feed section and a discharge section connected to one end of the pressurized feed section.
  • the inner diameter of the pressurized feed section gradually decreases from one end away from the discharge section to the other end.
  • the inner diameter of the discharge section does not Change.
  • the pressurized feeding section is in the shape of an inverted cone.
  • the melt will be linearly pressurized into the discharge section, and the evenly increased pressure can achieve relatively uniform extrusion.
  • a distribution block is provided in the housing, and a distribution cavity corresponding to the spinneret is provided on the distribution block.
  • a filter plate located above the spinneret is disposed in the distribution cavity, and the filter plate is arranged along an edge perpendicular to The housing is slidably connected in the direction of the central axis for replacement.
  • the distribution block distributes the melt relatively evenly to the filter plate for filtration, which can block most of the impurities.
  • the filter plate can be slide to replace it.
  • the housing has a sliding replacement channel arranged in a radial direction, and a plurality of filter plates are slidably provided in the sliding replacement channel. Two adjacent filter plates are connected by a connecting piece, and the sliding replacement channel is provided with a sliding replacement channel.
  • the channel includes a working section arranged in the housing, a spare section arranged at one end of the working section, and a waste section arranged at the other end of the working section.
  • the waste section has a discharge port at one end away from the working section.
  • replaceable filter plates are stored in the spare section.
  • the filter plates are caused to slide along the sliding replacement path, so that the filter plates originally in the working section enter into In the waste section, the filter plates in the spare section enter the working section for replacement.
  • the connecting piece includes a connecting rod, an elastic piece provided at both ends of the connecting rod and embedded in the filter plate.
  • the two ends of the filter plate are provided with connecting grooves for the elastic piece to be embedded.
  • the elastic piece The piece is V-shaped, and the deformed ends of the elastic piece are oriented perpendicular to the movement direction of the filter plate.
  • the housing is provided between the working section and the waste section for receiving connectors.
  • the housing is provided with a striking piece for striking the connecting piece into the accommodating groove.
  • the two elastic pieces when connecting, the two elastic pieces are embedded into two adjacent filter plates respectively.
  • the elastic pieces will expand outward and press against the inner wall of the connecting groove. Through the pressing force, It remains stationary in the vertical direction, and when one of the filter plates slides, it can be linked through the connecting piece.
  • the connecting piece moves above the accommodation groove, the hitting piece will hit the connecting piece from above.
  • the connecting piece is separated from the connecting groove and enters the receiving groove. At this time, the two filter plates will be separated for easy replacement.
  • the hitting member includes a hitting rod slidably connected in the housing along the direction of the central axis, an elastic strip disposed in the housing and connected to the hitting rod, and is provided in the housing for intermittently driving the hitting rod. Keep away from the linkage wheel of the accommodation tank.
  • the beating rod when the linkage wheel rotates, the beating rod can be moved away from the side of the accommodation groove. At this time, the elastic strip will stretch and deform. When the linkage wheel is separated from the beating rod, the elastic strip will drive the beating rod toward the accommodation groove. When one side of the groove moves, due to its own inertia, it will hit the connecting rod, causing the connecting piece to disengage.
  • this application provides a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, adopting the following technical solution:
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers With better quality can be obtained.
  • This application modifies ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder by adding nano boron nitride to improve the strength of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
  • the hydrogen fluoride solution is first used to dissolve nano boron nitride so that the nano boron nitride and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder can be mixed evenly; secondly, the hydrogen fluoride solution is an acidic solution that can change the surface of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder.
  • Tannic acid is a polyphenolic substance. Tannic acid molecules contain rich phenolic hydroxyl reactive groups and have good adhesion properties to different substances; the addition of tannic acid can improve the adhesion of nano boron nitride and super
  • the combination stability of high molecular weight polyethylene powder further ensures the uniform dispersion of nano boron nitride and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder.
  • the purpose of modifying ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder with nano-boron nitride is to improve the strength of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepared; and the selection of hydrogen fluoride and solvent makes nano-nitride Boron and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder can be mixed in the liquid state to improve mixing uniformity; at the same time, the joint use of hydrofluoric acid and tannic acid further improves the stability of the combination of nano boron nitride and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder. This ensures that the prepared ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has excellent strength. In addition, it is not recommended that the addition amount of nano boron nitride is too high, as excessive addition will have a negative impact on the elastic modulus of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
  • ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is an unbranched linear polyethylene with a relative molecular weight of greater than or equal to 1,500,000g/mol. Available commercially or synthetically.
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the spinning solution is prepared by a method including the following steps:
  • the temperature of the spinning liquid is 200-300°C
  • the fluid yarn is placed in an environment of 200-300°C for 5-15 minutes.
  • the cooling temperature is 5-15°C.
  • the solvent is selected from halogenated hydrocarbons, mineral oil, liquid paraffin, decalin, tetralin, naphthalene, xylene, toluene, dodecane, undecane, decane, nonane, octene, cis Any one or more of decalin, trans-decalin and low molecular weight polyethylene wax.
  • the extraction agent is selected from any one or both of xylene and gasoline.
  • the spinning solution in step S1 has an intrinsic viscosity of at least 4 dl/g.
  • the tensile strength of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber obtained in step S4 is greater than or equal to 3.0 Gpa, and the tensile modulus is greater than or equal to 100.0 Gpa.
  • this application provides a multifilament yarn that adopts the following technical solution:
  • a multifilament yarn is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is prepared by the above method.
  • the melt When entering the spinneret, the melt can be pressurized by reducing the diameter in the pressurized feed section, so that the spinneret can be filled as completely as possible, thereby improving the overall spinning quality;
  • the filter plate with more impurities can be replaced by sliding to ensure better filtration effect
  • nano-boron nitride is used to modify ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder to improve the strength of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; on the one hand, the hydrogen fluoride solution is used to dissolve nano-boron nitride.
  • the solvent also serves as a modifier to change the surface properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, allowing nano boron nitride to better mix and interact with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder; and the tannic acid and The cooperation of hydrofluoric acid can improve the stability of the combination of nano boron nitride and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, further ensuring the uniform dispersion of nano-boron nitride and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, thereby making the prepared ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder evenly dispersed.
  • Vinyl fiber has excellent strength and elastic modulus.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the spinneret assembly
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the spinneret assembly
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the spinneret
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the spinneret assembly
  • Figure 5 is a partial schematic diagram that hides the sliding replacement channel and the housing
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter plate.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a spinneret assembly. Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, it includes a housing 200, a plate body 100, and a spinneret hole 110 opened in the plate body 100.
  • the spinneret hole 110 includes a spinneret.
  • the pressure feeding section 111 and the discharging section 112 connected to one end of the pressurized feeding section 111.
  • the inner diameter of the pressurized feeding section 111 gradually decreases from one end away from the discharging section 112 to the other end.
  • pressurization The feeding section 111 is inverted conical shape, with a larger end used to receive the feed, and a smaller end used to connect the discharging section 112, while the inner diameter of the discharging section 112 remains unchanged.
  • the melt will enter from the larger end of the pressurized feed section 111.
  • the melt will be pressurized by reducing the diameter, so that the melt can be better squeezed into the spinneret.
  • the angle between the busbar and the axis of the pressurized feed section 111 is 35-45°.
  • a distribution block 210 is fixed with bolts in the housing 200.
  • the distribution block 210 has a distribution cavity 211 corresponding to the spin hole 110.
  • the distribution cavity 211 is provided with a filter plate 220 located above the spin hole 110.
  • the filter plate 220 is slidably connected in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the housing 200 for replacement.
  • the housing 200 has a sliding replacement channel 230 arranged along the radial direction.
  • the sliding replacement channel 230 is slidably provided with a plurality of filter plates 220, and each filter plate 220 is located on the same horizontal plane. superior. Two adjacent filter plates 220 are connected by a connecting piece 240.
  • the sliding replacement channel 230 includes a working section 231 that is passed through the housing 200, a spare section 232 provided at one end of the working section 231, and a spare section 232 provided at the other end of the working section 231. Abandoned segment 233 at one end.
  • the end of the waste section 233 away from the working section 231 has a discharge port for pushing out the replacement filter plate 220.
  • two filter plates 220 can also be provided, one for filtering and the other for filtering.
  • the spare section 232 is reserved.
  • the filter plate 220 in the working section 231 needs to be replaced, the filter plate 220 can be replaced by sliding as a whole, so that the used filter plate 220 can be discharged from the discharge port.
  • the material openings are equipped with corresponding sealing structures to keep the internal pressure stable.
  • the connector 240 includes a connecting rod 241, an elastic piece 242 provided at both ends of the connecting rod 241 and embedded in the filter plate 220.
  • the two ends of the filter plate 220 are provided with connections for the elastic piece 242 to be embedded.
  • Groove 243, the elastic piece 242 is V-shaped, the connection point between the elastic piece 242 and the connecting rod 241 is located at the top of the V-shape, the deformed ends of the elastic piece 242 are oriented perpendicular to the movement direction of the filter plate 220, when embedded in the connecting groove 243,
  • the elastic piece 242 will fold and deform, and its tendency to expand can be pressed against the inner wall of the connecting groove 243.
  • the elastic piece 242 can pull the two filter plates 220 to move together. .
  • the housing 200 is provided with an accommodating groove 244 for receiving the connector 240 between the working section 231 and the waste section 233.
  • the housing 200 is provided with a hammer for driving the connector 240 into the accommodating groove 244.
  • the striking member 250 includes a striking rod 251 slidably connected in the housing 200 along the direction of the central axis, and an elastic strip 252 disposed in the housing 200 and connected to the striking rod 251.
  • the elastic strip 252 is the striking element.
  • the lower side of the filter plate 220 has tooth slots 261
  • a drive motor 270 is installed on the lower side of the sliding replacement channel 230, and there are a number of meshing and tooth slots 261 rotating on the sliding replacement channel 230.
  • the driving gear 271, the driving motor 270 uses a gear or a direct connection to make the driving gear 271 cooperate with the tooth slot 261 during the rotation, so that the filter plate 220 slides.
  • the linkage wheel 260 is rotatably connected to the housing 200, and the linkage wheel 260 is coaxially provided with an incomplete gear 280.
  • a useful gear is provided on the outer wall of the striking rod 251 along the central axis of the housing 200.
  • the convex teeth 281 mesh with the incomplete gear 280.
  • linkage grooves 290 are provided at intervals along the movement direction of the filter plate 220 on the upper edge of the filter plate 220.
  • the linkage wheel 260 is rotatably connected to the housing 200.
  • On the upper edge of the outer wall of the linkage wheel 260 There are four linkage blocks 262 evenly distributed in the circumference.
  • One end of the linkage groove 290 is for the linkage blocks 262 to be inserted after rotating with the linkage wheel 260, and the other end has a vertical limiting surface 291 for resisting the linkage blocks 262.
  • two of the linkage blocks 262 are in a figure-eight shape and resist the upper side of the filter plate 220.
  • the two linkage blocks 262 slide relative to the filter plate 220 until one of the linkage blocks 262 is embedded in the linkage plate 220.
  • the linkage wheel 260 is driven to rotate 90°.
  • a hitting slideway 300 is provided on the housing 200, and the hitting rod 251 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 241.
  • a hammer nail 310 is slidably connected to the bottom of the sliding groove along the central axis of the housing 200.
  • the end of the hammer nail 310 is used to hit the connecting rod 241, and the other end of the hammer nail 310 has a
  • the limit cap 311 has a limit spring 312 between the limit cap 311 and the bottom of the hitting slide 300, which is used to maintain the height of the limit cap 311.
  • the hammer will be 310 hits the connecting rod 241, and when the hitting rod 251 hits the limiting cap 311, the two hitting springs remain horizontal, reducing the possibility of rocking back and forth.
  • the exhaust gas filter plate 220 can be taken out separately, thereby replacing the new filter plate 220.
  • this application provides a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, which includes the following process steps:
  • the spinning solution includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • the raw materials for preparing spinning solution are:
  • Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 85kg, nano boron nitride 1.7kg, 40wt% hydrogen fluoride solution 9.5kg, liquid paraffin 5kg, tannic acid 1kg.
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the average molecular weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is 5,000,000g/mol.
  • the preparation method of spinning solution is:
  • step S2 Spinning, use the above-mentioned spinneret assembly to spin the spinning liquid obtained in step S1, keeping the temperature of the spinning liquid at 200°C. At this temperature, the polyethylene is in a molten state; then the fluid yarn is obtained , and allow the fluid wire to be shaped at a temperature of 200°C for 15 minutes;
  • step S3 Cooling. Put the fluid filament obtained in step S2 into a cold water bath at 5°C for cooling to obtain gel filament;
  • step S4 Extraction. Put the gel fibers obtained in step S3 into xylene for extraction, thereby obtaining ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with a diameter of 0.1 mm.
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • the raw materials for preparing spinning solution are:
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the preparation method of spinning solution is:
  • step S2 Spinning, using the above spinneret assembly to spin the spinning liquid obtained in step S1, keeping the temperature of the spinning liquid at 250°C. At this temperature, the polyethylene is in a molten state; then the fluid yarn is obtained , and allow the fluid filament to be shaped at a temperature of 250°C for 10 minutes;
  • step S3 Cooling: put the fluid filament obtained in step S2 into a cold water bath at 10°C for cooling to obtain gel filament;
  • step S4 Extraction: put the gel fibers obtained in step S3 into gasoline for extraction, thereby obtaining ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with a diameter of 0.12 mm.
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • the raw materials for preparing spinning solution are:
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the preparation method of spinning solution is:
  • step S2 Spinning, using the above-mentioned spinneret assembly to spin the spinning liquid obtained in step S1, keeping the temperature of the spinning liquid at 300°C. At this temperature, the polyethylene is in a molten state; then the fluid yarn is obtained , and allow the fluid wire to be shaped at a temperature of 300°C for 5 minutes;
  • step S3 Cooling. Put the fluid filament obtained in step S2 into a cold water bath at 15°C for cooling to obtain gel filament;
  • step S4 Extraction. Put the gel fibers obtained in step S3 into xylene for extraction, thereby obtaining ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with a diameter of 0.15 mm.
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • the raw materials for preparing spinning solution are:
  • Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder 90kg, mineral oil 12.5kg.
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the preparation method of the spinning liquid is as follows: mixing the above-mentioned amount of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder and the above-mentioned amount of mineral oil to obtain a spinning liquid.
  • step S2 Spinning, using the above spinneret assembly to spin the spinning liquid obtained in step S1, keeping the temperature of the spinning liquid at 250°C. At this temperature, the polyethylene is in a molten state; then the fluid yarn is obtained , and allow the fluid filament to be shaped at a temperature of 250°C for 10 minutes;
  • step S3 Cooling: put the fluid filament obtained in step S2 into a cold water bath at 10°C for cooling to obtain gel filament;
  • step S4 Extraction: put the gel fibers obtained in step S3 into gasoline for extraction, thereby obtaining ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with a diameter of 0.12 mm.
  • a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber including the following process steps:
  • the raw materials for preparing spinning solution are:
  • the particle size of nano boron nitride is 10-100nm.
  • the preparation method of spinning solution is:
  • step II Mix all the polyethylene mixed liquid and nano-boron nitride mixed liquid obtained in step I evenly to obtain a spinning liquid.
  • step S2 Spinning, using the above spinneret assembly to spin the spinning liquid obtained in step S1, keeping the temperature of the spinning liquid at 250°C. At this temperature, the polyethylene is in a molten state; then the fluid yarn is obtained , and allow the fluid filament to be shaped at a temperature of 250°C for 10 minutes;
  • step S3 Cooling: put the fluid filament obtained in step S2 into a cold water bath at 10°C for cooling to obtain gel filament;
  • step S4 Extraction: put the gel fibers obtained in step S3 into gasoline for extraction, thereby obtaining ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers with a diameter of 0.12 mm.
  • the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepared by this application has excellent breaking strength and elastic modulus; the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber modified by nano boron nitride can obtain mechanical properties. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber with excellent performance.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

一种喷丝板组件和利用该组件的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法及多丝纱，包括壳体（200），板体（100）和开设于所述板体（100）的喷丝孔（110），所述喷丝孔（110）包括加压进料段（111）和连接于加压进料段（111）一端的出料段（112），所述加压进料段（111）的内径自远离出料段（112）的一端至另一端逐渐减小，所述出料段（112）的内径不变。足量的熔体进入至加压进料段（111）中，由于熔体进料的压力充足，随着加压进料段（111）的缩径设置，压力逐渐加大，能够尽可能的保证在进入出料端的熔体足够，并且在加压的情况下，保持充满喷丝孔，提高化纤挤出的均匀性。

Description

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法、喷丝板组件及多丝纱 技术领域
本申请涉及纤维纺丝成型的技术领域，尤其是超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法、喷丝板组件及多丝纱。
背景技术
在制备聚乙烯纤维的过程中，需要将原料按照一定的比例进行混合，通过高温螺杆挤出机熔融，使得聚合物熔体加压进入至喷丝组件内，喷丝组件一般包括壳体和位于壳体内的喷丝板，在喷丝板上的喷丝孔，将熔体加压至喷丝孔内，通过喷丝孔挤出化纤丝，再对化纤丝做冷却操作，最终成型。
在喷丝的过程中，熔体进入至喷丝孔内，由于在挤入的过程中存在挤入量无法同时进入喷丝孔内的可能性，存在纺丝成型出丝时丝体不均匀的情况，影响成型质量。
发明内容
为了提高化纤丝挤出的均匀性，本申请提供一种喷丝板组件、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备方法、多丝纱。
第一方面，本申请提供一种喷丝板组件，采用如下的技术方案：喷丝板组件，包括壳体，包括板体和开设于所述板体的喷丝孔，所述喷丝孔包括加压进料段和连接于加压进料段一端的出料段，所述加压进料段的内径自远离出料段的一端至另一端逐渐减小，所述出料段的内径不变。
通过采用上述技术方案，在进料时，将会先进入至较大的加压进料段的一端上，足量的熔体进入至加压进料段中，由于熔体进料的压力充足，随着加压进料段的缩径设置，压力逐渐加大，这样能够尽可能的保证在进入出料端的熔体足够，并且在加压的情况下，保持充满喷丝孔，提高化纤挤出的均匀性。
优选的，所述加压进料段为倒置锥形状。
通过采用上述技术方案，熔体将会呈线性加压进入至出料段内，均匀增加的压力，能够较为均匀地实现挤出。
优选的，所述壳体内设置有分配块，所述分配块上具有与喷丝孔对应的分配腔，所述分配腔内设置有位于喷丝孔上方的滤板，所述滤板沿垂直于所述壳体中心轴线的方向上滑移连接，用于替换。
通过采用上述技术方案，在分配块将熔体较为均匀地分配至滤板上，进行过滤，能够将 绝大部分的杂质做阻挡，在滤板上堆积过多的杂质时，能够使得滤板进行滑移，从而将其进行更换。
优选的，所述壳体具有沿径向设置的滑移替换道，所述滑移替换道滑移设置有若干滤板，相邻两个滤板之间通过连接件连接，所述滑移替换道包括穿设在壳体内的工作段、设置在工作段一端的备用段、设置在工作段另一端的废弃段，所述废弃段远离工作段的一端具有出料口。
通过采用上述技术方案，备用段内存放着可进行替换的滤板，当滤板需要做更换时，使得滤板沿着滑移替换道进行滑移，使得原先在工作段内的滤板进入至废弃段内，而备用段内的滤板进入至工作段内，从而进行替换。
优选的，所述连接件包括连接杆、设置在连接杆两端且嵌设在滤板上的弹性片，所述滤板的两端开设有供所述弹性片嵌入的连接槽，所述弹性片呈V型，所述弹性片形变的两端朝向垂直于所述滤板运动方向，所述壳体上且位于所述工作段与所述废弃段之间具有用于承接连接件的容置槽，所述壳体上设置有用于将连接件击打至容置槽内的击打件。
通过采用上述技术方案，在进行连接时，使得两个弹性片分别嵌入至相邻两个滤板上，在嵌入时，弹性片将会外扩抵紧在连接槽的内壁上，通过抵紧力在竖直方向上保持不动，而当其中一个滤板进行滑动时，能够通过连接件做联动，而当连接件运动至容置槽上方时，击打件将会从上方击打连接件，使得连接件脱离连接槽并进入至容置槽内，此时两个滤板将会脱离，便于更换。
优选的，所述击打件包括沿沿中心轴线方向滑移连接在壳体内的击打棒、设置在壳体内且连接于击打棒的弹性条，所述壳体内设置有用于间歇驱使所述击打棒远离容置槽的联动轮。
通过采用上述技术方案，联动轮转动时，能够使得击打棒远离容置槽一侧，此时弹性条将会拉伸形变，当联动轮脱离击打棒时，弹性条将会驱使击打棒朝向容置槽一侧运动，由于本身的惯性原因，将会击打至连接杆上，从而使得连接件脱离。
第二方面，本申请提供一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，采用如下的技术方案：
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配制纺丝液，所述纺丝液包括以下重量份的原料：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉85-95份，纳米氮化硼1.7-9.5份，35-40wt％的氟化氢溶液9.5-35份，溶剂5-15份，单宁酸1-2.5份；
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，得到流体丝；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝进行萃取，即得到超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
通过采用上述技术方案，能够有通过这样的纺丝组件获得较为均匀的丝体，得到质量较好的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。本申请通过纳米氮化硼的添加改性超高分子量聚乙烯粉，以提高超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的强度。在该方案中，首先以氟化氢溶液溶解纳米氮化硼，以使得纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉能够混合均匀；其次，氟化氢溶液为酸性溶液，能够改变超高分子量聚乙烯粉的表面性能，进而促进超高分子量聚乙烯粉和纳米氮化硼的结合稳定性。而其中的单宁酸是一种多酚类物质，单宁酸分子含有丰富的酚羟基反应基团，对不同物质的粘附性能较好；单宁酸的添加能够提高纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉的结合稳定性，进一步保证纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉的均匀分散。因此，上述方案中，以纳米氮化硼改性超高分子量聚乙烯粉，其目的在于提高制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的强度；而其中的氟化氢和溶剂的选用，则使得纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉能够在液态下混合，提高混合均匀性；同时氢氟酸和单宁酸的共同使用也进一步提高了纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉的结合稳定性，从而保证制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维具有较优的强度。此外，纳米氮化硼的添加量不建议过高，过高添加量将对超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的弹性模量带来不利影响。
其中，超高分子量聚乙烯(ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene，简称为UHMWPE)，是相对分子量大于等于1500000g/mol的无支链的线性聚乙烯。可通过市售或合成获得。
纳米氮化硼的粒径为10-100nm。
优选的，所述纺丝液采用包括以下步骤的方法制备得到：
I、将超高分子量聚乙烯粉和溶剂混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
将纳米氮化硼和35-40wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
II、将单宁酸、聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
优选的，步骤S2中进行纺丝时，使得纺丝液温度为200-300℃，将流体丝置于200-300℃的环境中5-15min。
优选的，步骤S3中进行冷却时，冷却温度为5-15℃。
优选的，所述溶剂选自卤代烃、矿物油、液体石蜡、萘烷、四氢化萘、萘、二甲苯、甲苯、十二烷、十一烷、癸烷、壬烷、辛烯、顺式十氢化萘、反式十氢化萘和低分子量聚乙烯蜡中的任意一种或多种。
优选的，步骤S3在进行萃取时，萃取剂选自二甲苯和汽油中的任意一种或两种。
优选的，所述步骤S1中的纺丝液至少具有4dl/g的特性粘度。
优选的，所述步骤S4得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维抗张强度大于等于3.0Gpa，抗张模量大于等于100.0Gpa。
第三方面，本申请提供一种多丝纱，采用如下的技术方案：
一种多丝纱，由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制成，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维由上述方法制备得到。
综上所述，本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1、在进入喷丝孔内时，熔体能够在加压进料段内，通过缩径进行加压，能够尽可能地将喷丝孔填充完整，从而提升整体的纺丝质量；
2、在熔体进入喷丝孔前，将会经过滤板进行过滤，这样减小熔体中的杂质将喷丝孔进行堵塞的可能性；
3、在长时间的纺丝后，能够将杂质留存较多的滤板通过滑移的方式，进行替换，从而保证较好的过滤效果；
4、本申请在制备超高分子量聚乙烯纤维时，通过纳米氮化硼改性超高分子量聚乙烯粉，以提高超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的强度；其中氟化氢溶液一方面作为溶解纳米氮化硼的溶剂，另一方面也作为改变超高分子量聚乙烯粉表面性能的改性剂，使得纳米氮化硼能够更好地和超高分子量聚乙烯粉混合并相互作用；而其中的单宁酸和氢氟酸相互配合，能够提高纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉的结合稳定性，进一步保证纳米氮化硼和超高分子量聚乙烯粉的分散均匀，进而使得制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维具有较优的强度和弹性模量。
附图说明
图1是喷丝板组件的结构示意图；
图2是喷丝板组件的剖视图；
图3是喷丝板的剖视图；
图4是喷丝板组件的局部剖视图；
图5是隐藏了滑移替换道和壳体或的局部示意图；
图6是图5中A部分的放大示意图；
图7是滤板的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：100、板体；110、喷丝孔；111、加压进料段；112、出料段；200、壳 体；210、分配块；211、分配腔；220、滤板；230、滑移替换道；231、工作段；232、备用段；233、废弃段；240、连接件；241、连接杆；242、弹性片；243、连接槽；244、容置槽；250、击打件；251、击打棒；252、弹性条；260、联动轮；261、齿槽；262、联动块；270、驱动电机；271、驱动齿轮；280、不完全齿轮；281、凸齿；290、联动槽；291、竖向限位面；300、击打滑道；310、锤钉；311、限位帽；312、限位弹簧。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请实施例公开了一种喷丝板组件，参照图1、图2、图3，包括壳体200，包括板体100和开设于板体100的喷丝孔110，喷丝孔110包括加压进料段111和连接于加压进料段111一端的出料段112，加压进料段111的内径自远离出料段112的一端至另一端逐渐减小，本实施例中加压进料段111为倒置的锥形，较大一端用于承接进料，而较小的一端用于连接出料段112，同时出料段112的内径不变。
熔体将会从加压进料段111较大端进入，沿着加压进料段111运动的过程中通过缩径将会加压熔体，使得熔体能够较好地挤入至喷丝孔110内，实现挤出，且本实施例中加压进料段111的母线和轴线的夹角为35-45°。
参照图4，在壳体200内通过螺栓固定有分配块210，分配块210上具有与喷丝孔110对应的分配腔211，分配腔211内设置有位于喷丝孔110上方的滤板220，滤板220沿垂直于壳体200中心轴线的方向上滑移连接，用于替换。
参照图1、图2，本实施例中，壳体200具有沿径向设置的滑移替换道230，滑移替换道230滑移设置有若干滤板220，各个滤板220均位于同一个水平面上。相邻两个滤板220之间通过连接件240连接，滑移替换道230包括穿设在壳体200内的工作段231、设置在工作段231一端的备用段232、设置在工作段231另一端的废弃段233。
本实施例中废弃段233远离工作段231的一端具有出料口，用于将替换的滤板220推出，也可在其他实施例当中设置两个滤板220，一个在进行过滤，另一个在备用段232内备用，当工作段231内的滤板220需要进行替换时，使得滤板220整体滑移，便能进行替换，使得使用过的滤板220从出料口内排出。也可在替换滑移道靠近备用段232的一端设有进料口，不断地从进料口处增加滤板220，这样可以持续做更换，但是值得注意的是，无论是进料口还是出料口都具备相应的密封结构，使得内部压力保持稳定。
参照图5、图6，连接件240包括连接杆241、设置在连接杆241两端且嵌设在滤板220上的弹性片242，滤板220的两端开设有供弹性片242嵌入的连接槽243，弹性片242呈V 型，弹性片242与连接杆241的连接点位于V型顶部，弹性片242形变的两端朝向垂直于滤板220运动方向，在嵌入至连接槽243内时，弹性片242将会折叠形变，外扩的趋势能够抵紧在连接槽243的内壁上，且当滤板220在进行滑移的过程中，弹性片242能够拉着两个滤板220一起进行运动。
壳体200上且位于工作段231与废弃段233之间具有用于承接连接件240的容置槽244，壳体200上设置有用于将连接件240击打至容置槽244内的击打件250。击打件250包括沿沿中心轴线方向滑移连接在壳体200内的击打棒251、设置在壳体200内且连接于击打棒251的弹性条252，本实施例中弹性条252为击打弹簧，击打弹簧设置有两根，每根击打弹簧连接于击打棒251的侧壁，壳体200内设置有用于间歇驱使击打棒251远离容置槽244的联动轮260。
参照图5、图7，滤板220的下侧具有齿槽261，在滑移替换道230下侧安装有驱动电机270，且在滑移替换道230上转动有若干用于啮合与齿槽261的驱动齿轮271，驱动电机270通过齿轮或直连的方式使得驱动齿轮271在转动的过程中，配合齿槽261，使得滤板220进行滑动。
参照图5、图6，联动轮260转动连接在壳体200上，且联动轮260同轴设置有一个不完全齿轮280，同时在击打棒251的外壁上沿壳体200的中心轴线上设置有用于和不完全齿轮280啮合的凸齿281。
参照图5、图7，同时在滤板220的边沿上侧沿滤板220的运动方向间隔设置有四个联动槽290，联动轮260转动连接于壳体200，在联动轮260的外壁上沿周向均布有四个联动块262，联动槽290一端供联动块262随联动轮260转动后嵌入，而另一端具有用于抵触于联动块262的竖向限位面291，当滤板220进行运动时，其中两个联动块262呈八字形抵触在滤板220的上侧，随着滤板220的运动，两个联动块262与滤板220做相对滑动，直到其中一个联动块262嵌入至联动槽290内，并通过其中的竖向限位面291，从而驱使联动轮260转动90°。在使用不同规格的滤板220时，只要保证滤板220上均布四个联动槽290，便能实现联动，适用范围广。
在联动轮260转动时，不完全齿轮280将会随之转动，并且此时不完全齿轮280将会带动击打棒251向远离承接槽一侧运动，而当四个联动块262全部转动完毕时，正好不完全齿轮280带齿部分脱离凸齿281，此时击打棒251将会朝向连接杆241一侧击打，本实施例中壳体200上开设有击打滑道300，击打棒251滑移连接在击打滑道300内，在滑移槽槽底沿壳体200中心轴线方向滑移连接有锤钉310，锤钉310的端部用于击打连接杆241，且在锤 钉310的另一端具有限位帽311，限位帽311与击打滑道300底部之间具有限位弹簧312，用于保持限位帽311的高度，当击打棒251捶打至限位帽311时，将会使得锤钉310打击连接杆241，并且当击打棒251捶打限位帽311时，两个击打弹簧保持水平状，减小来回晃动的可能性。
当连接件240脱离后，废气的滤板220可单独取出，从而替换新的滤板220。
基于上述的喷丝板组件，本申请提供一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
所述纺丝液包括以下重量份的原料：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉85-95份，纳米氮化硼1.7-9.5份，35-40wt％的氟化氢溶液9.5-35份，溶剂5-15份，单宁酸1-2.5份；
S2、纺丝，采用上述喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，得到流体丝；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝萃取，即得到超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
超高分子量聚乙烯纤维及其制备方法、多丝纱的实施例
以下实施例中涉及的原料，若是无特殊说明，均为通过市售获得。
实施例1
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
制备纺丝液的原料为：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉85kg，纳米氮化硼1.7kg，40wt％的氟化氢溶液9.5kg，液体石蜡5kg，单宁酸1kg。其中，纳米氮化硼粒径为10-100nm。超高分子量聚乙烯的平均分子量5000000g/mol。
纺丝液的制备方法为：
I、将上述用量的超高分子量聚乙烯粉和上述用量的液体石蜡混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
将上述用量的纳米氮化硼和上述用量的40wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
II、将上述用量的单宁酸、步骤I制备得到的全部聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，保持纺丝液的温度为200℃，在该温度下，聚乙烯为熔融状态；随后得到流体丝，并使得流体丝在200℃的温度下定型15min；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝放入5℃的冷水浴中进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝放入二甲苯中进行萃取，即得到直径为0.1mm的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
一种多丝纱，由上述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备得到；具体为，多丝纱中含有50根高分子量聚乙烯纤维(本申请中制备得到的高分子量聚乙烯纤维均为长丝状)。
实施例2
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
制备纺丝液的原料为：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉90kg，纳米氮化硼5.3kg，40wt％的氟化氢溶液28kg，矿物油12.5kg，单宁酸2kg。其中，纳米氮化硼粒径为10-100nm。
纺丝液的制备方法为：
I、将上述用量的超高分子量聚乙烯粉和上述用量的矿物油混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
将上述用量的纳米氮化硼和上述用量的40wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
II、将上述用量的单宁酸、聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，保持纺丝液的温度为250℃，在该温度下，聚乙烯为熔融状态；随后得到流体丝，并使得流体丝在250℃的温度下定型10min；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝放入10℃的冷水浴中进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝放入汽油中进行萃取，即得到直径0.12mm的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
一种多丝纱，由上述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备得到；具体为，多丝纱中含有100根高分子量聚乙烯纤维(本申请中制备得到的高分子量聚乙烯纤维均为长丝状)。
实施例3
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
制备纺丝液的原料为：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉95kg，纳米氮化硼9.5kg，35wt％的氟化氢溶液35kg，四氢化萘15kg，单宁酸2.5kg。其中，纳米氮化硼粒径为10-100nm。
纺丝液的制备方法为：
I、将上述用量的超高分子量聚乙烯粉和上述用量的四氢化萘混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
将上述用量的纳米氮化硼和上述用量的35wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
II、将上述用量的单宁酸、聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，保持纺丝液的温度为300℃，在该温度下，聚乙烯为熔融状态；随后得到流体丝，并使得流体丝在300℃的温度下定型5min；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝放入15℃的冷水浴中进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝放入二甲苯中进行萃取，即得到直径0.15mm的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
一种多丝纱，由上述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备得到；具体为，多丝纱中含有200根高分子量聚乙烯纤维(本申请中制备得到的高分子量聚乙烯纤维均为长丝状)。
对比例1
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
制备纺丝液的原料为：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉90kg，矿物油12.5kg。其中，纳米氮化硼粒径为10-100nm。
纺丝液的制备方法为：将上述用量的超高分子量聚乙烯粉和上述用量的矿物油混合，得到纺丝液。
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，保持纺丝液的温度为250℃，在该温度下，聚乙烯为熔融状态；随后得到流体丝，并使得流体丝在250℃的温度下定型10min；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝放入10℃的冷水浴中进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝放入汽油中进行萃取，即得到直径0.12mm的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
一种多丝纱，由上述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备得到；具体为，多丝纱中含有100根高分子量聚乙烯纤维(本申请中制备得到的高分子量聚乙烯纤维均为长丝状)。
对比例2
一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、配料，按照配比，将各原料进行混合，得到纺丝液；
制备纺丝液的原料为：
超高分子量聚乙烯粉90kg，纳米氮化硼5.3kg，40wt％的氟化氢溶液28kg，矿物油12.5kg。其中，纳米氮化硼粒径为10-100nm。
纺丝液的制备方法为：
I、将上述用量的超高分子量聚乙烯粉和上述用量的矿物油混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
将上述用量的纳米氮化硼和上述用量的40wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
II、将步骤I中得到的全部聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
S2、纺丝，采用上述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，保持纺丝液的温度为250℃，在该温度下，聚乙烯为熔融状态；随后得到流体丝，并使得流体丝在250℃的温度下定型10min；
S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝放入10℃的冷水浴中进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝放入汽油中进行萃取，即得到直径0.12mm的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
一种多丝纱，由上述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制备得到；具体为，多丝纱中含有100根高分子量聚乙烯纤维(本申请中制备得到的高分子量聚乙烯纤维均为长丝状)。
对实施例和对比例制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维进行断裂强度、弹性模量以及断裂伸长率的测定，具体结果见表1。
表1 不同实施方案制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的性能
Figure PCTCN2022103785-appb-000001
从表1的结果中看出，本申请制备得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，其具有优异的断裂强 度和弹性模量；通过纳米氮化硼改性超高分子量聚乙烯纤维，是能够得到力学性能优异的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本申请的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本申请的保护范围，故：凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 喷丝板组件，包括壳体(200)，其特征在于：包括板体(100)和开设于所述板体(100)的喷丝孔(110)，所述喷丝孔(110)包括加压进料段(111)和连接于加压进料段(111)一端的出料段(112)，所述加压进料段(111)的内径自远离出料段(112)的一端至另一端逐渐减小，所述出料段(112)的内径不变。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的喷丝板组件，其特征在于：所述壳体(200)内设置有分配块(210)，所述分配块(210)上具有与喷丝孔(110)对应的分配腔(211)，所述分配腔(211)内设置有位于喷丝孔(110)上方的滤板(220)，所述滤板(220)沿垂直于所述壳体(200)中心轴线的方向上滑移连接，用于替换。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的喷丝板组件，其特征在于：所述壳体(200)具有沿径向设置的滑移替换道(230)，所述滑移替换道(230)滑移设置有若干滤板(220)，相邻两个滤板(220)之间通过连接件(240)连接，所述滑移替换道(230)包括穿设在壳体(200)内的工作段(231)、设置在工作段(231)一端的备用段(232)、设置在工作段(231)另一端的废弃段(233)，所述废弃段(233)远离工作段(231)的一端具有出料口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的喷丝板组件，其特征在于：所述连接件(240)包括连接杆(241)、设置在连接杆(241)两端且嵌设在滤板(220)上的弹性片(242)，所述滤板(220)的两端开设有供所述弹性片(242)嵌入的连接槽(243)，所述弹性片(242)呈V型，所述弹性片(242)形变的两端朝向垂直于所述滤板(220)运动方向，所述壳体(200)上且位于所述工作段(231)与所述废弃段(233)之间具有用于承接连接件(240)的容置槽(244)，所述壳体(200)上设置有用于将连接件(240)击打至容置槽(244)内的击打件(250)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述喷丝板组件，其特征在于：所述击打件(250)包括沿沿中心轴线方向滑移连接在壳体(200)内的击打棒(251)、设置在壳体(200)内且连接于击打棒(251)的弹性条(252)，所述壳体(200)内设置有用于间歇驱使所述击打棒(251)远离容置槽(244)的联动轮(260)。
  6. 一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下工艺步骤：
    S1、配制纺丝液，所述纺丝液包括以下重量份的原料：
    超高分子量聚乙烯粉85-95份，纳米氮化硼1.7-9.5份，35-40wt％的氟化氢溶液9.5-35份，溶剂5-15份，单宁酸1-2.5份；
    S2、纺丝，采用权利要求1-5任意一项所述的喷丝板组件对步骤S1中得到的纺丝液进行纺丝，得到流体丝；
    S3、冷却，对步骤S2中得到的流体丝进行冷却，得到凝胶丝；
    S4、萃取，对步骤S3中得到的凝胶丝进行萃取，即得到超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述纺丝液采用包括以下步骤的方法制备得到：
    I、将超高分子量聚乙烯粉和溶剂混合，得到聚乙烯混合液；
    将纳米氮化硼和35-40wt％的氟化氢溶液混合，得到纳米氮化硼混合液；
    II、将单宁酸、聚乙烯混合液和纳米氮化硼混合液混合均匀后得到纺丝液。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S2中进行纺丝时，使得纺丝液温度为200-300℃，将流体丝置于200-300℃的环境中5-15min；步骤S3中进行冷却时，冷却温度为5-15℃。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述溶剂选自卤代烃、矿物油、液体石蜡、萘烷、四氢化萘、萘、二甲苯、甲苯、十二烷、十一烷、癸烷、壬烷、辛烯、顺式十氢化萘、反式十氢化萘和低分子量聚乙烯蜡中的任意一种或多种；步骤S3在进行萃取时，萃取剂选自二甲苯和汽油中的任意一种或两种。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S1中的纺丝液至少具有4dl/g的特性粘度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S4得到的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维抗张强度大于等于3.0Gpa，抗张模量大于等于100.0Gpa。
  12. 一种多丝纱，其特征在于：由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维制成，所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维由权利要求6-11中任一项所述方法制备得到。
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CN105755561A (zh) * 2016-04-20 2016-07-13 海兴材料科技有限公司 一种大容量双通道复合纺丝装置
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CN107557887A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-01-09 长青藤高性能纤维材料有限公司 一种用于异形超高分子量聚乙烯纤维生产的喷丝板
CN109825891B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2022-03-04 星宇安防科技股份有限公司 一种超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法及纤维
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CN117565349A (zh) * 2023-12-29 2024-02-20 青岛汇天隆工程塑料有限公司 一种塑料挤出装置及方法
CN117565349B (zh) * 2023-12-29 2024-04-12 青岛汇天隆工程塑料有限公司 一种塑料挤出装置及方法

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