WO2023184422A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023184422A1
WO2023184422A1 PCT/CN2022/084619 CN2022084619W WO2023184422A1 WO 2023184422 A1 WO2023184422 A1 WO 2023184422A1 CN 2022084619 W CN2022084619 W CN 2022084619W WO 2023184422 A1 WO2023184422 A1 WO 2023184422A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
battery cell
connection part
end cover
pressure relief
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/084619
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜香龙
金义矿
许虎
牛少军
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202290000381.1U priority Critical patent/CN220963648U/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/084619 priority patent/WO2023184422A1/zh
Publication of WO2023184422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023184422A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery and electrical equipment.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a battery cell, battery and electrical equipment.
  • This battery cell has high safety.
  • the application provides a battery cell, including: an end cover assembly, including an end cover, an electrode terminal and a pressure relief mechanism, the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are both provided on the end cover; turn
  • the adapter is provided on the side of the end cover facing the inside of the battery cell.
  • the adapter includes a first connection part, a second connection part and a third connection part that are sequentially folded along the thickness direction of the end cover.
  • connection part the first connection part is used to connect to the electrode assembly
  • the third connection part is used to connect to the electrode terminal
  • the second connection part connects the first connection part and the third connection part; wherein, the second connecting part is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is used to allow the gas inside the battery cell to pass through, so that the gas can flow to the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the gas moves toward the pressure relief mechanism under the action of the internal pressure of the battery cell, because the second connection part is provided with the first through hole , the gas can pass through the second connection part through the first through hole, reducing the obstruction of the gas by the second connection part, allowing the gas to flow smoothly towards the pressure relief mechanism, so that the pressure relief mechanism can release the pressure in time, thereby improving the battery cell security.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the second connection part covers at least a part of the first through hole.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the second connection part covers at least part of the first through hole, so that the gas passing through the first through hole can quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism, so that the pressure relief mechanism can relieve pressure in time.
  • the first connection part is provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is used to allow gas inside the battery cell to pass, so that the gas can flow to the third A through hole.
  • the second through hole is provided through the first connection part so that the gas generated by the electrochemical reaction of the electrode assembly can pass through the first connection part, thereby reducing the gas barrier of the first connection part and improving the gas concentration. Smooth circulation.
  • the projections of the first through hole and the second through hole on the end cap at least partially overlap.
  • the projections of the first through hole and the second through hole on the end cover at least partially overlap, so that the gas generated by the electrode assembly can quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the first connection part is further provided with a third through hole, and the third through hole is used to allow gas inside the battery cell to pass through, so that the gas can flow to the For the first through hole, along the thickness direction, the projections of the third through hole and the first through hole do not overlap.
  • the third through hole is provided through the first connection part to further reduce the obstruction of the gas generated by the electrode assembly by the first connection part, improve the smoothness of the gas passing through the first connection part, and facilitate the rapid flow of gas. Pressure relief mechanism.
  • the third through hole and the second through hole are located on both sides of the first connection part along the length direction of the adapter. end.
  • the third through hole and the second through hole are located at both ends of the first connecting part along the length direction of the adapter, so that when the gas generated by the electrochemical reaction of the electrode assembly flows through the first connecting part, it is ensured that The force of the first connecting part is balanced.
  • the projection of the first connection portion on the end cap is located within the projection of the electrode assembly on the end cap.
  • the projection of the first connection part on the end cap is located at the projection of the electrode assembly on the end cap, so that the first connection part does not completely block the end face, so that the gas generated by the electrode assembly can escape before the first connection part.
  • the area covering the end face flows to the pressure relief mechanism, reducing the obstruction of gas by the first connecting part.
  • the first connection part, the second connection part and the third connection part are integrally formed.
  • the adapter is integrally formed, and the adapter is bent to form the first connection part, the second connection part and the third connection part, ensuring the overall strength of the adapter.
  • the end cover assembly further includes a first insulating member disposed on a side of the end cover facing the inside of the battery cell, and the first insulating member It is used to insulate and isolate the end cover and the adapter piece.
  • the first insulating member is provided with a fourth through hole. Along the thickness direction, the projection of the fourth through hole on the end cover is consistent with the The pressure relief mechanism at least partially overlaps, and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second connecting part at least partially overlaps with the first through hole.
  • the first insulating member is provided on the side of the end cover facing the inside of the battery cell to separate the end cover and the adapter to avoid contact short circuit between the end cover and the adapter and improve the safety of the battery cell;
  • the projection of the fourth through hole on the end cover at least partially overlaps with the pressure relief mechanism, and the projection of the fourth through hole on the second connecting part at least partially overlaps with the first through hole, so that the gas flows smoothly toward the pressure relief mechanism.
  • the present application provides a battery, which includes the battery cell provided by the above solution.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery cell provided by the above solution.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the end cap assembly and the adapter provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic assembly diagram of the end cap assembly and adapter provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the adapter provided in some embodiments of the present application in an expanded state
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the end cap assembly and the adapter provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter in an expanded state according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic assembly diagram of the end cap assembly and the adapter provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the adapter provided in some embodiments of the present application in an expanded state
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic flow chart of a manufacturing method of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic block diagram of battery cell manufacturing equipment provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Marking instructions 100-battery; 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery cell; 21-casing; 22-end cover assembly; 221-end cover; 222-electrode terminal; 223-pressure relief mechanism; 224-first insulating member; 2241-fourth through hole; 225-second insulating member; 23-electrode assembly; 231-main body; 2311-end face; 232-pole lug; 24-adaptor ; 241-first connecting part; 2411-second through hole; 2412-third through hole; 2413-fifth through hole; 242-second connecting part; 2421-first through hole; 243-third connecting part; 200-controller; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the battery mentioned refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate and a separator. Battery cells mainly rely on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the current collector without the positive electrode active material layer is used as a positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the current collector without the negative electrode active material layer is used as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that large currents can pass through without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly includes a main body coated with an active material layer and tabs that are not coated with an active material layer, and the tabs extend from the ends of the main body.
  • the battery cell also includes an end cover assembly and an adapter.
  • the end cover assembly includes an end cover, an electrode terminal and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are arranged on the end cover.
  • the adapter usually has a long length and is bent during the assembly process of the battery cells.
  • the pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or component that is activated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and can specifically adopt pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive components or structures, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold , the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released.
  • the "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism acts or is activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be released.
  • the actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism may include but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism is broken, broken, torn or opened, etc.
  • the first connection part is used to connect to the electrode assembly
  • the third connection part is used to connect to the electrode terminal
  • the second connection part connects the first connection part and the third connection part; when the electrode assembly undergoes an electrochemical reaction to generate a large amount of gas , the internal pressure of the battery cell increases, and the gas flows under the action of the internal pressure of the battery cell.
  • the second connection part covers the pressure relief mechanism and blocks the flow of gas, the gas needs to bypass the second connection part and flow toward the pressure relief mechanism. , the flow of gas is poor, causing the pressure relief mechanism to be unable to release pressure in time, which may cause the battery cell to explode in severe cases, thus making the battery cell less safe.
  • the battery cell includes an end cover assembly and an adapter.
  • the end cover assembly includes an end cover, an electrode terminal and a pressure relief mechanism.
  • the electrode terminal and the pressure relief mechanism are both provided on the end cover;
  • the adapter is provided on the side of the end cover facing the inside of the battery cell, and the adapter includes an edge along the end cover.
  • the first connecting part, the second connecting part and the third connecting part are sequentially folded in the thickness direction of the cover.
  • the first connecting part is used to connect to the electrode assembly
  • the third connecting part is used to connect to the electrode terminal
  • the second connecting part connects to the third connecting part.
  • the gas flows toward the pressure relief mechanism under the action of the internal pressure of the battery cell. Since the second connection part is provided with the first through hole, the gas It can pass through the second connecting part through the first through hole, reducing the obstruction of the gas by the second connecting part, allowing the gas to flow smoothly towards the pressure relief mechanism, so that the pressure relief mechanism can release the pressure in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery cells. sex.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in, but are not limited to, vehicles, ships, aircraft, and other electrical equipment.
  • the power supply system of the electrical equipment can be composed of battery cells, batteries, etc. disclosed in this application.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source.
  • the electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, Spacecraft and more.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • an electrical device is a vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 , and the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 and for the circuit system of the vehicle 1000 , such as for the starting, navigation and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 10 and battery cells 20 , and the battery cells 20 are accommodated in the case 10 .
  • the box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the box 10 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 of accommodation space.
  • the second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 is covered with the open side of the second part 12.
  • the battery 100 there may be a plurality of battery cells 20, and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be accommodated in the box 10 ; of course, the battery 100 can also be a plurality of battery cells 20 First, the battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery 100 may also include other structures.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component for realizing electrical connections between multiple battery cells 20 .
  • Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application is in the shape of a rectangular body.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that constitutes the battery 100 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an end cover assembly 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and an adapter 24 .
  • the housing 21 has an opening
  • the end cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 221, an electrode terminal 222, and a pressure relief mechanism 223.
  • the end cover 221 is used to cover the opening to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment; the electrode terminal 222 Set on end cap 221.
  • the case 21 is a component used to cooperate with the end cover 221 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23 , electrolyte, and other components.
  • the housing 21 and the end cover 221 may be independent components, and an opening may be provided on the housing 21.
  • the end cover 221 covers the opening at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20.
  • the housing 21 can be of various shapes and sizes, for example, rectangular parallelepiped, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the housing 21 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application is introduced by taking the cylindrical shape of the housing 21 as an example.
  • the end cap 221 refers to a component that covers the opening of the case 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 221 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21 to fit the housing 21 .
  • the end cap 221 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 221 is less likely to deform when subjected to extrusion and collision, so that the battery cell 20 can have higher durability. Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the electrode terminal 222 is provided on the end cover 221 , and the electrode terminal 222 can be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 20 .
  • the end cap 221 can also be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulating structure may be provided inside the end cover 221 , and the insulating structure may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 21 from the end cover 221 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating structure may be plastic, rubber, etc.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 is used to relieve the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the housing 21 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode piece and a negative electrode piece, and is usually provided with an isolation film between the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece. The isolation film is used to insulate and isolate the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece.
  • the portions of the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece coated with the active material layer constitute the main body 231 of the electrode assembly 23 , and the portions of the positive electrode piece and the negative electrode piece not coated with the active material layer constitute the tabs 232 respectively.
  • the positive electrode tab 232 and the negative electrode tab 232 may be located together at one end of the main body 231 or respectively located at both ends of the main body 231 .
  • the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 232 are connected to the electrode terminals 222 to form a current loop.
  • the adapter 24 is a component used to connect the electrode terminal 222 and the tab 232 , and the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 222 and the tab 232 is achieved through the adapter 24 .
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the end cover assembly 22 and the adapter 24 provided in some embodiments of the present application; in Figure 5 The adapter 24 is not completely bent to illustrate the first through hole 2421 of the second connecting part 242;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic assembly diagram of the end cap assembly 22 and the adapter 24 provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the adapter 24 in an unfolded state is provided for some embodiments of the present application.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 20 . As shown in FIGS.
  • the battery cell 20 includes an end cover assembly 22 and an adapter 24 .
  • the end cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 221, an electrode terminal 222, and a pressure relief mechanism 223.
  • the electrode terminal 222 and the pressure relief mechanism 223 are both provided on the end cover 221.
  • the adapter 24 is disposed on a side of the end cover 221 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 .
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connection part 241 , a second connection part 242 and a third connection that are sequentially folded in the thickness direction X of the end cover 221
  • the first connection part 241 is used to connect to the electrode assembly 23
  • the third connection part 243 is used to connect to the electrode terminal 222
  • the second connection part 242 connects the first connection part 241 and the third connection part 243 .
  • the second connection part 242 is provided with a first through hole 2421 , and the first through hole 2421 is used to allow the gas inside the battery cell 20 to pass through, so that the gas can flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223 .
  • the direction indicated by the letter X is the thickness direction of the end cap 221 .
  • the first connecting part 241 , the second connecting part 242 and the third connecting part 243 are sequentially folded along the thickness direction X to reduce the space occupied by the adapter 24 in the thickness direction X to ensure the energy density of the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 is an element or component that is activated to relieve the internal pressure or temperature when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive component or structure to open when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold;
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 can also be a weak portion formed on the end cover 221 , or the pressure relief mechanism 223 can also be a valve plate connected to the end cover 221 .
  • the body 20 is torn apart when the internal pressure reaches a threshold.
  • the adapter 24 is a component that realizes the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 222 and the electrode assembly 23.
  • the adapter 24 can be a metal piece (for example, aluminum, copper or other conductive metal) and has good electrical conductivity.
  • the first connection part 241 can be welded to the electrode assembly 23 to ensure the stability of the connection between the first connection part 241 and the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the third connecting part 243 can be welded to the electrode terminal 222 to ensure the connection stability between the third connecting part 243 and the electrode terminal 222 .
  • the first through hole 2421 is a through hole provided on the second connecting part 242.
  • the first through hole 2421 penetrates the second connecting part 242 in the thickness direction of the second connecting part 242, so that the second connecting part 242 has two sides in the thickness direction. The side is penetrated, and gas can pass through the second connection part 242 .
  • the gas moves toward the pressure relief mechanism 223 under the action of the internal pressure of the battery cell 20. Since the second connection portion 242 is provided There is a first through hole 2421, and the gas can pass through the second connecting part 242 through the first through hole 2421, reducing the obstruction of the gas by the second connecting part 242, so that the gas can flow smoothly toward the pressure relief mechanism 223 to facilitate pressure relief.
  • the mechanism 223 releases the pressure in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell 20 .
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242 covers at least a part of the first through hole 2421.
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242 covers at least a part of the first through hole 2421, which means that the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242 may partially overlap with the first through hole 2421, or, The projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242 may completely cover the first through hole 2421.
  • the first through hole 2421 is located within the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is a pressure relief piece
  • the end cover 221 is provided with a pressure relief hole
  • the pressure relief piece covers the pressure relief hole
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connecting part 242 covers the first through hole.
  • At least a part of 2421 means that the projection of the pressure relief hole on the second connecting part 242 covers at least a part of the first through hole 2421 .
  • the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 223 on the second connection part 242 covers at least a part of the first through hole 2421, so that the gas passing through the first through hole 2421 can quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223, so that the pressure relief mechanism 223 can relieve pressure in time. .
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the end cap assembly 22 and the adapter 24 provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 9 shows the adapter 24 provided by other embodiments of the present application in an unfolded state. Structural diagram.
  • the first connection part 241 is provided with a second through hole 2411, and the second through hole 2411 is used to allow gas inside the battery cell 20 to pass, so that the gas can flow to the first through hole 2421.
  • the second through hole 2411 is a through hole provided in the first connecting part 241 , and the second through hole 2411 penetrates the first connecting part 241 in the thickness direction of the first connecting part 241 .
  • the second through hole 2411 is provided through the first connection part 241 so that the gas generated by the electrochemical reaction of the electrode assembly 23 passes through the first connection part 241, reducing the gas barrier of the first connection part 241, and improving the gas permeability. Smooth circulation.
  • the projections of the first through hole 2421 and the second through hole 2411 on the end cover 221 at least partially overlap.
  • the projections of the first through hole 2421 and the second through hole 2411 on the end cover 221 at least partially overlap, which means that the projection of the first through hole 2421 on the end cover 221 and the projection of the second through hole 2411 on the end cover 221 can be Partially overlap, or the projection of the first through hole 2421 on the end cover 221 and the projection of the second through hole 2411 on the end cover 221 completely overlap.
  • the projected area and contour of the first through hole 2421 on the end cover 221 can be the same as those of the second through hole 2421 on the end cover 221 .
  • the projected area and contour of the hole 2411 on the end cap 221 are the same; or, the projection of the second through hole 2411 on the end cap 221 is located at the projection of the first through hole 2421 on the end cap 221 .
  • the pressure inside the battery cell 20 increases, and the tabs 232 of the electrode assembly 23 may be driven by the gas to fill the second through hole 2411 and from there.
  • the second through hole 2411 protrudes.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 223 and the second through hole 2411 are disposed on both sides of the second connecting part 242, even if the pole tab 232 protrudes from the second through hole 2411, the protruding pole tab Part 232 will also be blocked by the second connecting part 242 to prevent the tab 232 from blocking the pressure relief mechanism 223 .
  • the projections of the first through hole 2421 and the second through hole 2411 on the end cover 221 at least partially overlap, so that the gas generated by the electrode assembly 23 can quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223 .
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the end cap assembly 22 and the adapter 24 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 11 shows the adapter 24 in an expanded state provided in some further embodiments of the present application. Structural diagram.
  • the first connection part 241 is also provided with a third through hole 2412.
  • the third through hole 2412 is used to allow gas inside the battery cell 20 to pass through, so that the gas can flow to the first through hole 2421.
  • the projections of the third through hole 2412 and the first through hole 2421 do not overlap.
  • the third through hole 2412 is a through hole provided in the first connecting part 241, and the third through hole 2412 also penetrates the first connecting part 241 along the thickness direction of the first connecting part 241.
  • the opening of the third through hole 2412 allows the first connecting part 241 to have multiple areas penetrating both sides of the first connecting part 241 , so that gas can quickly pass through the first connecting part 241 .
  • the third through hole 2412 is provided through the first connection part 241 to further reduce the obstruction of the gas generated by the electrode composition by the first connection part 241, improve the smoothness of the gas passing through the first connection part 241, and facilitate the rapid flow of gas to the drain. Pressure mechanism 223.
  • the third through hole 2412 and the second through hole 2411 are located in the first connecting portion 241 along the length direction Y of the adapter 24 both ends.
  • the adapter 24 When the adapter 24 is in the unfolded state, the adapter 24 has a certain length, and the first connecting portion 241 , the second connecting portion 242 and the third connecting portion 243 are sequentially distributed along the length direction Y of the adapter 24 .
  • a fifth through hole 2413 is provided in the middle of the first connecting portion 241 .
  • the fifth through hole 2413 is used to position correspondingly to the winding center of the electrode assembly 23 during the assembly process of the battery cell 20 . , at the same time, when the electrolyte is injected into the battery cell 20, it is convenient for the electrolyte to quickly flow to the electrode assembly 23.
  • the third through hole 2412 and the second through hole 2411 are located at both ends of the first connecting part 241 along the length direction Y of the adapter 24.
  • the third through hole 2412 and the second through hole 2411 may be along the fifth through hole.
  • 2413 are symmetrically distributed. In other words, the distance from the central axis of the third through hole 2412 to the fifth through hole 2413 may be equal to the distance from the central axis of the second through hole 2411 to the fifth through hole 2413 .
  • the third through hole 2412 and the second through hole 2411 are located at both ends of the first connecting part 241 along the length direction Y of the adapter 24 so that the gas generated by the electrochemical reaction of the electrode assembly 23 flows through the first connecting part 241 , to ensure that the force of the first connecting part 241 is balanced.
  • the projection of the first connection portion 241 on the end cap 221 is located within the projection of the electrode assembly 23 on the end cap 221 .
  • the electrode assembly 23 includes a main body 231 coated with an active material layer and tabs 232 that are not coated with an active material layer.
  • the tabs 232 extend from the end surface 2311 of the main body 231 along the thickness direction X.
  • the tabs 232 are connected to the first connection portion. 241 connection, the end surface 2311 is the surface of the tab 232 extending out of the main body 231, and the end surface 2311 is configured to face the end cover 221 to facilitate the connection between the tab 232 and the adapter 24.
  • the projection of the first connection part 241 on the end cap 221 is located within the projection of the electrode assembly 23 on the end cap 221 , which may be that the area of the projection of the first connection part 241 on the end cap 221 is smaller than the area of the electrode assembly 23 on the end cap 221 the projected area.
  • the projection of the first connecting portion 241 on the end cap 221 is located within the projection of the end surface 2311 on the end cap 221 .
  • the projection of the first connecting portion 241 on the end cover 221 is located within the projection of the electrode assembly 23 on the end cover 221, so that the first connecting portion 241 does not completely block the end surface 2311, so that the gas generated by the electrode assembly 23 can pass through the first
  • the area of the connecting portion 241 that does not cover the end surface 2311 flows toward the pressure relief mechanism 223, reducing the gas barrier caused by the first connecting portion 241.
  • the first connecting part 241, the second connecting part 242 and the third connecting part 243 are integrally formed.
  • the first connection part 241 , the second connection part 242 and the third connection part 243 are integrally formed.
  • the adapter 24 is integrally formed.
  • the adapter 24 is bent to form a shape along the thickness direction.
  • the first connecting part 241, the second connecting part 242 and the third connecting part 243 are folded in sequence.
  • the direction in which the first connecting part 241 is bent relative to the second connecting part 242 is opposite to the direction in which the third connecting part 243 is bent relative to the second connecting part 242 , so that the first connecting part 241 and the third connecting part 243 are located at the third connecting part 241 .
  • the two connecting portions 242 are on both sides in the thickness direction X.
  • the adapter 24 is integrally formed, and the adapter 24 is bent to form a first connecting part 241, a second connecting part 242, and a third connecting part 243 to ensure the overall strength of the adapter 24.
  • the end cover assembly 22 further includes a first insulating member 224 , which is disposed on a side of the end cover 221 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 ,
  • the first insulating member 224 is used to insulate the isolation end cover 221 and the adapter 24; the first insulating member 224 is provided with a fourth through hole 2241.
  • the projection and leakage of the fourth through hole 2241 on the end cover 221 are The pressing mechanism 223 at least partially overlaps, and the projection of the fourth through hole 2241 on the second connecting part 242 at least partially overlaps with the first through hole 2421.
  • the first insulating member 224 is an electrically insulating component.
  • the first insulating member 224 may be rubber or plastic (such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene, polypropylene), etc.).
  • the first insulating member 224 is disposed on the side of the end cover 221 facing the inside of the battery cell 20 to separate the end cover 221 and the adapter 24 to avoid contact short circuit between the end cover 221 and the adapter 24 and improve the durability of the battery cell 20 safety.
  • the projection of the fourth through hole 2241 on the end cover 221 at least partially overlaps with the pressure relief mechanism 223, and the projection of the fourth through hole 2241 on the second connecting part 242 at least partially overlaps with the first through hole, so that the gas can flow smoothly toward Pressure relief mechanism 223 flows.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a second insulating member 225, and the second insulating member 225 is disposed on The end cap 221 and the electrode terminal 222 are insulated between the end cap 221 and the electrode terminal 222 .
  • the second insulating member 225 is an electrically insulating component.
  • the second insulating member 225 may be rubber or plastic (such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene, polypropylene), etc.).
  • the present application also provides a battery 100, including the battery cell 20 described in any of the above solutions.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery cell 20 described in any of the above solutions, and the battery cell 20 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the powered device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using the battery cells 20 .
  • the present application provides a cylindrical battery cell 20 , which includes a housing 21 , an end cap assembly 22 , an electrode assembly 23 and an adapter. Item 24.
  • the housing 21 has an opening
  • the end cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 221, an electrode terminal 222, and a pressure relief mechanism 223.
  • the end cover 221 covers the opening, and the electrode terminal 222 and the pressure relief mechanism 223 are disposed on the end cover 221.
  • the electrode assembly 23 is disposed in the housing 21.
  • the electrode assembly 23 includes a main body 231 coated with an active material layer and tabs 232 not coated with an active material layer.
  • the tabs 232 extend from the end surface 2311 of the main body 231 along the thickness direction X.
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connection part 241, a second connection part 242 and a third connection part 243 which are sequentially folded along the thickness direction X.
  • the first connection part 241 is electrically connected to the tab 232 of the electrode assembly 23, and the third connection part
  • the first connection part 243 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 222
  • the second connection part 242 connects the first connection part 241 and the third connection part 243 .
  • the second connection part 242 is provided with a first through hole 2421. Along the thickness direction The gas inside the cell 20 passes through, so that the gas can flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223 .
  • the battery cell 20 can reduce the obstruction of the gas by the second connecting part 242, facilitate the smooth flow of gas, enable the gas to quickly flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223, facilitate the timely pressure release of the pressure relief structure, and improve the battery cell 20 security.
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic flow chart of a battery cell manufacturing method 400 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the manufacturing method 400 of the battery cell may include:
  • the end cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 221, an electrode terminal 222 and a pressure relief mechanism 223.
  • the electrode terminal 222 and the pressure relief mechanism 223 are both provided on the end cover 221;
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connection part 241, a second connection part 242 and a third connection part 243.
  • the second connection part 242 connects the first connection part 241 and the third connection part 243.
  • the second connecting part 242 is provided with a first through hole 2421, which is used to allow the gas inside the battery cell 20 to pass through, so that the gas can flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223;
  • step "401, provide the end cover assembly 22", step “402, provide the adapter 24", and step “404, dispose the adapter 24 on a side of the end cover 221 facing the inside of the battery cell 20" may be performed in sequence.
  • step "403, provide the electrode assembly 23", step “401, provide the end cap assembly 22", step “402, provide the adapter 24", step “404, set the adapter 24 on the end” can be performed in sequence.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing equipment 500 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell manufacturing equipment 500 may include: a providing module 501 and an installation module 502 .
  • the end cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 221, an electrode terminal 222 and a pressure relief mechanism 223.
  • the electrode terminal 222 and the pressure relief mechanism 223 are both provided on the end cover 221; providing an adapter. 24.
  • the adapter 24 includes a first connecting part 241, a second connecting part 242 and a third connecting part 243.
  • the second connecting part 242 connects the first connecting part 241 and the third connecting part 243.
  • the second connecting part 242 is provided with The first through hole 2421 is used to allow gas inside the battery cell 20 to pass through so that the gas can flow to the pressure relief mechanism 223; providing the electrode assembly 23;
  • the installation module 502 is used for: arranging the adapter 24 on the side of the end cover 221 facing the inside of the battery cell 20; connecting the first connection part 241 to the electrode assembly 23; and connecting the third connection part 243 to the electrode terminal. 222; Bend the adapter 24 so that the first connecting part 241, the second connecting part 242 and the third connecting part 243 are sequentially folded along the thickness direction X of the end cover 221.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池及用电设备。电池单体包括：端盖组件，包括端盖、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构均设置于所述端盖；转接件，设置于所述端盖的面向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述转接件包括沿所述端盖的厚度方向依次折叠的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，所述第一连接部用于与电极组件连接，所述第三连接部用于与所述电极端子连接，所述第二连接部连接所述第一连接部和所述第三连接部；其中，所述第二连接部设置有第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述泄压机构。该电池单体，具有较高的安全性。

Description

电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的能量密度外，安全性也是一个不可忽视的问题。因此，如何提高电池的安全性，是电池技术一个亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种电池单体、电池及用电设备。该电池单体，具有较高的安全性。
本申请是通过如下技术方案实现的：
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括：端盖组件，包括端盖、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构均设置于所述端盖；转接件，设置于所述端盖的面向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述转接件包括沿所述端盖的厚度方向依次折叠的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，所述第一连接部用于与电极组件连接，所述第三连接部用于与所述电极端子连接，所述第二连接部连接所述第一连接部和所述第三连接部；其中，所述第二连接部设置有第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述泄压机构。
根据本申请实施例的电池单体，在电极组件因发生电化学反应产生大量气体时，气体在电池单体内部压力的作用下朝向泄压机构移动，由于第二连接部设置有第一通孔，气体能够经过第一通孔穿过第二连接部，减小第二连接部对气体的阻挡，使得气体顺畅地朝向泄压机构流动，以便于泄压机构及时泄压，进而提高电池单体的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压机构在所述第二连接部上的投影覆盖所述第一通孔的至少一部分。
在上述方案中，泄压机构在第二连接部上的投影覆盖第一通孔的至少一部分，使得经过第一通孔的气体能够快速向泄压机构流动，以便于泄压机构及时泄压。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一连接部设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述第一通孔。
在上述方案中，通过第一连接部设置的第二通孔，以便于电极组件发生电化学反应产生的气体穿过第一连接部，减小第一连接部对气体的阻挡，便于提高气体的流 通顺畅性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔在所述端盖上的投影至少部分重叠。
在上述方案中，第一通孔和第二通孔在端盖上的投影至少部分重叠，以便于电极组件产生的气体能够快速流向泄压机构。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一连接部还设置有第三通孔，所述第三通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述第一通孔，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三通孔和所述第一通孔的投影不重叠。
在上述方案中，通过第一连接部设置的第三通孔，以进一步减小第一连接部对电极组件产生的气体的阻挡，提高气体穿过第一连接部的顺畅性，便于气体快速流向泄压机构。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述转接件处于展开状态时，所述第三通孔和所述第二通孔位于所述第一连接部的沿所述转接件的长度方向的两端。
在上述方案中，第三通孔和第二通孔位于第一连接部的沿转接件的长度方向的两端，使得电极组件发生电化学反应产生的气体流经第一连接部时，保证第一连接部受力均衡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一连接部在所述端盖上的投影位于所述电极组件在所述端盖上的投影内。
在上述方案中，第一连接部在端盖上的投影位于电极组件在端盖上的投影，使得第一连接部不会完全遮挡端面，以便于电极组件产生的气体能够在第一连接部未覆盖端面的区域流向泄压机构，减小第一连接部对气体的阻挡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部及所述第三连接部一体成型。
在上述方案中，转接件一体成型，转接件折弯形成第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，保证转接件的整体强度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端盖组件还包括第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件设置于所述端盖的面向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述第一绝缘件用于绝缘隔离所述端盖与所述转接件，所述第一绝缘件设置有第四通孔，沿所述厚度方向，所述第四通孔在所述端盖上的投影与所述泄压机构至少部分重叠，所述第四通孔在所述第二连接部上的投影与所述第一通孔至少部分重叠。
在上述方案中，第一绝缘件设置于端盖的面向电池单体内部的一侧，以分隔端盖和转接件，避免端盖和转接件接触短路，提高电池单体的安全性；第四通孔在端盖上的投影与泄压机构至少部分重叠，第四通孔在第二连接部上的投影与第一通孔至少部分重叠，以便于气体顺畅地朝向泄压机构流动。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电池，其包括上述方案提供的电池单体。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种用电设备，其包括上述方案提供的电池单体。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点 能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的部分剖视图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件与转接件的连接状态示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件与转接件的装配示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的转接件处于展开状态的结构示意图；
图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件与转接件的装配示意图；
图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的转接件处于展开状态的结构示意图；
图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖组件与转接件的装配示意图；
图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的转接件处于展开状态的结构示意图；
图12示出了本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的示意性流程图；
图13示出了本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的示意性框图；
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：100-电池；10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-端盖组件；221-端盖；222-电极端子；223-泄压机构；224-第一绝缘件；2241-第四通孔；225-第二绝缘件；23-电极组件；231-主体；2311-端面；232-极耳；24-转接件；241-第一连接部；2411-第二通孔；2412-第三通孔；2413-第五通孔；242-第二连接部；2421-第一通孔；243-第三连接部；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请中，所提及的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提及的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
在本申请中，电极组件包括涂覆有活性物质层的主体和未涂敷活性物质层的极 耳，极耳从主体的端部延伸出。
电池单体还包括端盖组件和转接件，端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子和泄压机构，电极端子和泄压机构设置于端盖。转接件通常具有较长的长度，在电池单体的装配过程中，转接件进行折弯。
泄压机构是指电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。泄压机构可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，即，当电池单体的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，泄压机构执行动作或者泄压机构中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的开口或通道。
本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体的内部压力及温度得以被泄放。泄压机构产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机构中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开等等。泄压机构在致动时，电池单体的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体发生泄压及泄温，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于电池单体来说，影响安全因素的因素很多，例如，环境温度、装配导致部件损坏(如极耳开裂)、析锂、泄压不及时等。
发明人研究发现，转接件由于长度较长，在装配过程中，转接件折弯，使得转接件包括沿端盖厚度方向依次折叠的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，第一连接部用于与电极组件连接，第三连接部用于与电极端子连接，第二连接部连接第一连接部和第三连接部；当电极组件发生电化学反应产生大量气体时，电池单体的内部压力增大，气体在电池单体内部压力的作用下流动，由于第二连接部覆盖泄压机构、阻挡气体的流动，气体需要绕过第二连接部朝向泄压机构流动，气体的流动顺畅性较差，导致泄压机构不能及时泄压，严重时引发电池单体爆炸，进而使得电池单体的安全性较低。
鉴于此，为了解决转接件阻挡气体的流动而使得泄压机构不能及时泄压的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体，该电池单体包括端盖组件和转接件，端盖组件包括端盖、电极端子和泄压机构，电极端子和泄压机构均设置于端盖；转接件设置于端盖的面向电池单体内部的一侧，转接件包括沿端盖的厚度方向依次折叠的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，第一连接部用于与电极组件连接，第三连接部用于与电极端子连接，第二连接部连接第一连接部和第三连接部；其中，第二连接部设置有第一通孔，第一通孔用于供电池单体内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向泄压机构。通过在第二连接部设置第一通孔，提高气体的流动顺畅性，进而便于气体流向泄压机构顺畅，从而使得泄压机构能够及时泄压，提高电池单体的安全性。
在这样的电池单体中，在电极组件因发生电化学反应产生大量气体时，气体在电池单体内部压力的作用下朝向泄压机构流动，由于第二连接部设置有第一通孔，气 体能够经过第一通孔穿过第二连接部，减小第二连接部对气体的阻挡，使得气体顺畅地朝向泄压机构流动，以便于泄压机构及时泄压，进而提高电池单体的安全性。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电设备中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电设备的电源系统。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电设备，用电设备可以为但不限于手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，用于车辆1000的电路系统，例如用于车辆1000的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的分解结构示意图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。其中，箱体10用于为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，第一部分11和第二部分12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第二部分12可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分11可以为板状结构，第一部分11盖合于第二部分12的开口侧，以使第一部分11与第二部分12共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分11和第二部分12也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分11的开口侧盖合于第二部分12的开口侧。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内；当然，电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。电池100还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池100还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中，每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。本申请实施例提供的电池单体20呈方体。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的分解结构示意图。电池单体20是指组成电池100的最小单元。如图3，电池单体20包括有壳体21、端盖组件22、电极组件23以及转接件24。壳体21具有开口，端盖组件22包括端盖221、电极端子222和泄压机构223，端盖221用于覆盖于开口，以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝；电极端子222设置于端盖221。
壳体21是用于配合端盖221以形成电池单体20的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件23、电解液以及其他部件。壳体21和端盖221可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体21上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖221盖合开口以形成电池单体20的内部环境。壳体21可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如，长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体21的形状可以根据电极组件23的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。本申请实施例以壳体21为圆柱体形为例介绍。
端盖221是指盖合于壳体21的开口处以将电池单体20的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖221的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适应以配合壳体21。可选地，端盖221可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖221在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体20能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。电极端子222设置于端盖221，电极端子222可以用于与电极组件23电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体20的电能。端盖221的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖221的内侧还可以设置有绝缘结构，绝缘结构可以用于隔离壳体21内的电连接部件与端盖221，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘结构可以是塑料、橡胶等。
泄压机构223用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力。
电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体21内可以包含一个或多个电极组件23。电极组件23主要由正极极片和负极极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极极片和负极极片之间设有隔离膜，隔离膜用于绝缘隔离正极极片和负极极片。正极极片和负极极片涂覆有活性物质层的部分构成电极组件23的主体231，正极极片和负极极片未涂覆有活性物质层的部分各自构成极耳232。正极极耳232和负极极耳232可以共同位于主体231的一端或是分别位于主体231的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳232连接电极端子222以形成电流回路。
转接件24是用于连接电极端子222和极耳232的部件，通过转接件24实现电极端子222和极耳232的电连接。
请参见图4，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的部分剖视图，图5为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件22与转接件24的连接状态示意图；图5中转接 件24未完全折弯，用于示出第二连接部242的第一通孔2421；图6为本申请一些实施例提供的端盖组件22与转接件24的装配示意图，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的转接件24处于展开状态的结构示意图。根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请提供了一种电池单体20。如图3至图7所示，该电池单体20包括端盖组件22和转接件24。端盖组件22包括端盖221、电极端子222和泄压机构223，电极端子222和泄压机构223均设置于端盖221。转接件24设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧，转接件24包括端盖221的厚度方向X依次折叠的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243，第一连接部241用于与电极组件23连接，第三连接部243用于与电极端子222连接，第二连接部242连接第一连接部241和第三连接部243。其中，第二连接部242设置有第一通孔2421，第一通孔2421用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向泄压机构223。
图中，字母X所指示的方向为端盖221的厚度方向。第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿厚度方向X依次折叠，以减少转接件24在厚度方向X占用的空间，以便于保证电池单体20的能量密度。
泄压机构223为电池单体20内部的压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。泄压机构223可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构成，以在电池单体20内部压力达到阈值时打开；或者，泄压机构223也可以为形成于端盖221的薄弱部分，又或者，泄压机构223也可以为连接于端盖221的阀片，泄压机构223设置有薄弱部，以在电池单体20内部压力达到阈值时被撕裂。
转接件24为实现电极端子222和电极组件23电连接的部件，转接件24可以为金属件(例如，铝、铜或者其他导电金属)，具有较好的导电性能。
第一连接部241可以与电极组件23焊接，以保证第一连接部241与电极组件23的连接稳定性。第三连接部243可以与电极端子222焊接，以保证第三连接部243与电极端子222的连接稳定性。
第一通孔2421为设置于第二连接部242上的通孔，第一通孔2421在第二连接部242的厚度方向贯穿第二连接部242，以使得第二连接部242的厚度方向两侧被贯通，气体能够穿过第二连接部242。
根据本申请实施例的电池单体20，在电极组件23因发生电化学反应产生大量气体时，气体在电池单体20内部压力的作用下朝向泄压机构223移动，由于第二连接部242设置有第一通孔2421，气体能够经过第一通孔2421穿过第二连接部242，减小第二连接部242对气体的阻挡，使得气体顺畅地朝向泄压机构223流动，以便于泄压机构223及时泄压，进而提高电池单体20的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿厚度方向X，泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421的至少一部分。
泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421的至少一部分，是指泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影可以与第一通孔2421部分重叠，或者，泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影可以全部覆盖第一通孔2421，换句话说，第 一通孔2421位于泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影内。
需要指出的是，当泄压机构为泄压片时，端盖221开设有泄压孔，泄压片覆盖泄压孔，泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421的至少一部分，是指泄压孔在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421的至少一部分。
泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421的至少一部分，使得经过第一通孔2421的气体能够快速向泄压机构223流动，以便于泄压机构223及时泄压。
请参见图8和图9，图8为本申请另一些实施例提供的端盖组件22与转接件24的装配示意图，图9为本申请另一些实施例提供的转接件24处于展开状态的结构示意图。根据本申请的一些实施例，第一连接部241设置有第二通孔2411，第二通孔2411用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向第一通孔2421。
第二通孔2411为设置于第一连接部241的通孔，第二通孔2411在第一连接部241的厚度方向上贯穿第一连接部241。
通过第一连接部241设置的第二通孔2411，以便于电极组件23发生电化学反应产生的气体穿过第一连接部241，减小第一连接部241对气体的阻挡，便于提高气体的流通顺畅性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿厚度方向X，第一通孔2421和第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影至少部分重叠。
第一通孔2421和第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影至少部分重叠，是指第一通孔2421在端盖221上的投影与第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影可以部分重叠，或者，第一通孔2421在端盖221上的投影与第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影全部重叠。当第一通孔2421在端盖221上的投影与第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影全部重叠时，第一通孔2421在端盖221上的投影面积和轮廓可以与第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影面积和轮廓均相同；或者，第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影位于第一通孔2421在端盖221上的投影。
需要指出的是，在电池组件23发生电化学反应产生大量气体时，电池单体20内的压力增大，电极组件23的极耳232可能会被气体带动而填充于第二通孔2411并从第二通孔2411凸出，但是，由于泄压机构223和第二通孔2411设置于第二连接部242的两侧，即使极耳232从第二通孔2411凸出，凸出的极耳232部分也会被第二连接部242阻挡而避免极耳232堵塞泄压机构223。
第一通孔2421和第二通孔2411在端盖221上的投影至少部分重叠，以便于电极组件23产生的气体能够快速流向泄压机构223。
请参见图10和图11，图10为本申请又一些实施例提供的端盖组件22与转接件24的装配示意图，图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的转接件24处于展开状态的结构示意图。根据本申请的一些实施例，第一连接部241还设置有第三通孔2412，第三通孔2412用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向第一通孔2421，沿厚度方向X，第三通孔2412和第一通孔2421的投影不重叠。
第三通孔2412为设置于第一连接部241的通孔，第三通孔2412也沿第一连接 部241的厚度方向贯穿第一连接部241。第三通孔2412的开设，使得第一连接部241具有多个贯穿第一连接部241两侧的区域，气体能够快速穿过第一连接部241。
通过第一连接部241设置的第三通孔2412，以进一步减小第一连接部241对电极组成产生的气体的阻挡，提高气体穿过第一连接部241的顺畅性，便于气体快速流向泄压机构223。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图11所示，转接件24处于展开状态时，第三通孔2412和第二通孔2411位于第一连接部241的沿转接件24的长度方向Y的两端。
当转接件24处于展开状态时，转接件24具有一定的长度，第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿转接件24的长度方向Y依次分布。
如图7至图11所示，第一连接部241的中部设置有第五通孔2413，该第五通孔2413用于在电池单体20装配过程中与电极组件23的卷绕中心对应定位，同时，在电池单体20注入电解液时，便于电解液快速流向电极组件23。第三通孔2412和第二通孔2411位于第一连接部241的沿转接件24的长度方向Y的两端，可以为，第三通孔2412和第二通孔2411沿第五通孔2413的中心轴线对称分布，换句话说，第三通孔2412到第五通孔2413的中心轴线的距离可以与第二通孔2411到第五通孔2413的中心轴线的距离相等。
第三通孔2412和第二通孔2411位于第一连接部241的沿转接件24的长度方向Y的两端，使得电极组件23发生电化学反应产生的气体流经第一连接部241时，保证第一连接部241受力均衡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图3所示，沿厚度方向X，第一连接部241在端盖221上的投影位于电极组件23在端盖221上的投影内。
电极组件23包括涂覆有活性物质层的主体231和未涂覆活性物质层的极耳232，极耳232从主体231的沿厚度方向X的端面2311延伸出，极耳232与第一连接部241连接，端面2311为极耳232延伸出主体231的表面，端面2311被配置为面向端盖221设置，以便于极耳232与转接件24连接。
第一连接部241在端盖221上的投影位于电极组件23在端盖221上的投影内，可以为第一连接部241在端盖221上的投影的面积小于电极组件23在端盖221上的投影的面积。可选地，第一连接部241在端盖221上的投影位于端面2311在端盖221上的投影内。
第一连接部241在端盖221上的投影位于电极组件23在端盖221上的投影内，使得第一连接部241不会完全遮挡端面2311，以便于电极组件23产生的气体能够在第一连接部241未覆盖端面2311的区域流向泄压机构223，减小第一连接部241对气体的阻挡。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一连接部241、第二连接部242及第三连接部243一体成型。
第一连接部241、第二连接部242及第三连接部243一体成型，换句话说，转接件24一体成型，在装配电池单体20时，转接件24折弯从而形成沿厚度方向X依次折叠的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243。第一连接部241相对于 第二连接部242折弯的方向与第三连接部243相对于第二连接部242折弯的方向相反，以使得第一连接部241和第三连接部243位于第二连接部242的厚度方向X的两侧。
转接件24一体成型，转接件24折弯形成第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243，保证转接件24的整体强度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图3和图4所示，端盖组件22还包括第一绝缘件224，第一绝缘件224设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧，第一绝缘件224用于绝缘隔离端盖221与转接件24；第一绝缘件224设置有第四通孔2241，沿厚度方向X，第四通孔2241在端盖221上的投影与泄压机构223至少部分重叠，第四通孔2241在第二连接部242上的投影与第一通孔2421至少部分重叠。
第一绝缘件224为电绝缘的部件，例如，第一绝缘件224可以为橡胶、塑胶(如PET(Polyethylene terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)、PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)等)。
第一绝缘件224设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧，以分隔端盖221和转接件24，避免端盖221和转接件24接触短路，提高电池单体20的安全性。第四通孔2241在端盖221上的投影与泄压机构223至少部分重叠，第四通孔2241在第二连接部242上的投影与第一通孔至少部分重叠，以便于气体顺畅地朝向泄压机构223流动。
根据本申请的一些实施例，在端盖221带电的实施例中，为了避免电极端子222与端盖221接触短路，电池单体20还可以包括第二绝缘件225，第二绝缘件225设置于端盖221和电极端子222之间，以绝缘隔离端盖221和电极端子222。
第二绝缘件225为电绝缘的部件，例如，第二绝缘件225可以为橡胶、塑胶(如PET(Polyethylene terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)、PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)等)。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池100，包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体20。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电设备，包括以上任一方案所述的电池单体20，并且电池单体20用于为用电设备提供电能。
用电设备可以是前述任一应用电池单体20的设备或系统。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图3至图11，本申请提供了一种圆柱体形的电池单体20，该电池单体20包括壳体21、端盖组件22、电极组件23和转接件24。壳体21具有开口，端盖组件22包括端盖221、电极端子222和泄压机构223，端盖221覆盖于开口，电极端子222和泄压机构223设置于端盖221。电极组件23设置于壳体21内，电极组件23包括涂覆有活性物质层的主体231和未涂覆有活性物质层的极耳232，极耳232从主体231沿厚度方向X的端面2311延伸出。转接件24包括沿厚度方向X依次折叠设置的第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243，第一连接部241与电极组件23的极耳232电连接，第三连接部243与电极端子222电连接，第二连接部242连接第一连接部241和第三连接部243。第二连接部242设置有第一通孔2421，沿厚度方向X，泄压机构223在第二连接部242上的投影覆盖第一通孔2421 的至少一部分，第一通孔2421用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向泄压机构223。
该电池单体20，能够减小第二连接部242对气体的阻挡，便于提高气体的流动顺畅性，使得气体能够快速流向泄压机构223，便于泄压结构及时泄压，提高电池单体20的安全性。
上文描述了本申请实施例的电池单体20、电池和用电设备，下面将描述本申请实施例的电池单体20的制造方法和制造设备，其中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
图12示出了本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法400的示意性流程图。如图12所示，该电池单体的制造方法400可以包括：
401，提供端盖组件22，端盖组件22包括端盖221、电极端子222和泄压机构223，电极端子222和泄压机构223均设置于端盖221；
402，提供转接件24，转接件24包括第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243，第二连接部242连接第一连接部241和第三连接部243，第二连接部242设置有第一通孔2421，第一通孔2421用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向泄压机构223；
403，提供电极组件23；
404，将转接件24设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧；
405，将第一连接部241连接于电极组件23；
406，将第三连接部243连接于电极端子222；
407，折弯转接件24，以使第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿端盖221的厚度方向X依次折叠。
需要指出的是，上述各步骤的顺序并非固定，可以根据实际情况调整各步骤的顺序。例如，可以依次进行步骤“401，提供端盖组件22”、步骤“402，提供转接件24”、步骤“404，将转接件24设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧”、步骤“406，将第三连接部243连接于电极端子222”、步骤“403，提供电极组件23”、步骤“405，将第一连接部241连接于电极组件23”以及步骤“407，折弯转接件24”。又例如，可以依次进行步骤“403，提供电极组件23”、步骤“401，提供端盖组件22”、步骤“402，提供转接件24”、步骤“404，将转接件24设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧”、步骤“405，将第一连接部241连接于电极组件23”、步骤“406，将第三连接部243连接于电极端子222”以及步骤“407，折弯转接件24”。
图13示出了本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备500的示意性框图。如图13所示，该电池单体的制造设备500可以包括：提供模块501和安装模块502。
提供模块501，用于：提供端盖组件22，端盖组件22包括端盖221、电极端子222和泄压机构223，电极端子222和泄压机构223均设置于端盖221；提供转接件24，转接件24包括第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243，第二连接 部242连接第一连接部241和第三连接部243，第二连接部242设置有第一通孔2421，第一通孔2421用于供电池单体20内部的气体通过，以使气体能够流向泄压机构223；提供电极组件23；
安装模块502，用于：将转接件24设置于端盖221的面向电池单体20内部的一侧；将第一连接部241连接于电极组件23；将第三连接部243连接于电极端子222；折弯转接件24，以使第一连接部241、第二连接部242和第三连接部243沿端盖221的厚度方向X依次折叠。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池单体，包括：
    端盖组件，包括端盖、电极端子和泄压机构，所述电极端子和所述泄压机构均设置于所述端盖；
    转接件，设置于所述端盖的面向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述转接件包括沿所述端盖的厚度方向依次折叠的第一连接部、第二连接部和第三连接部，所述第一连接部用于与电极组件连接，所述第三连接部用于与所述电极端子连接，所述第二连接部连接所述第一连接部和所述第三连接部；
    其中，所述第二连接部设置有第一通孔，所述第一通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述泄压机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述泄压机构在所述第二连接部上的投影覆盖所述第一通孔的至少一部分。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述第一通孔。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔在所述端盖上的投影至少部分重叠。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部还设置有第三通孔，所述第三通孔用于供所述电池单体内部的气体通过，以使所述气体能够流向所述第一通孔，沿所述厚度方向，所述第三通孔和所述第一通孔的投影不重叠。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体，其中，所述转接件处于展开状态时，所述第三通孔和所述第二通孔位于所述第一连接部的沿所述转接件的长度方向的两端。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述厚度方向，所述第一连接部在所述端盖上的投影位于所述电极组件在所述端盖上的投影内。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一连接部、所述第二连接部及所述第三连接部一体成型。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件还包括第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件设置于所述端盖的面向所述电池单体内部的一侧，所述第一绝缘件用于绝缘隔离所述端盖与所述转接件，所述第一绝缘件设置有第四通孔，沿所述 厚度方向，所述第四通孔在所述端盖上的投影与所述泄压机构至少部分重叠，所述第四通孔在所述第二连接部上的投影与所述第一通孔至少部分重叠。
  10. 一种电池，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池单体。
  11. 一种用电设备，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池单体。
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