WO2023116694A1 - 液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统 - Google Patents

液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023116694A1
WO2023116694A1 PCT/CN2022/140371 CN2022140371W WO2023116694A1 WO 2023116694 A1 WO2023116694 A1 WO 2023116694A1 CN 2022140371 W CN2022140371 W CN 2022140371W WO 2023116694 A1 WO2023116694 A1 WO 2023116694A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
heat insulating
sleeve
inner cylinder
insulating pipe
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/140371
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马小红
王东雨
吴宜兵
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未势能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023116694A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023116694A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F17C2203/035—Glass wool
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/0126—One vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0196—Details of mounting arrangements with shock absorbing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/238—Filling of insulants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of gas supply systems, in particular to a liquid hydrogen gas bottle and a hydrogen fuel cell system having the liquid hydrogen gas bottle.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell system has broad application prospects in the power system field of heavy-duty vehicles, and the vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen cylinder is used to provide the required fuel for the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system.
  • a support structure needs to be set between the inner and outer cylinders of the vehicle-mounted liquid hydrogen cylinder.
  • the traditional support structure of the gas cylinder adopts the form of a neck tube at the beginning and the end.
  • the disadvantage is that the heat leakage is large, which affects the thermal insulation performance of the gas cylinder. room for improvement.
  • an object of the present disclosure is to provide a liquid hydrogen cylinder, the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are radially supported by a thermal insulation support assembly, the structure is simple, the heat leakage is small, and it is beneficial to ensure the thermal insulation performance of the gas cylinder.
  • a liquid hydrogen cylinder comprising: an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is installed in the outer cylinder and spaced radially from the outer cylinder; a heat insulating support assembly, the heat insulating support The assembly is radially supported between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the heat insulating support assembly includes a first support structure and a second support structure arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the inner cylinder; wherein the The outer end of the first support structure is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder and the inner end is slidingly fitted with the inner cylinder, and the outer end and inner end of the second support structure are respectively fixedly connected with the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder .
  • the inner cylinder can be stably supported in the outer cylinder, and through This support method is beneficial to reduce the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen cylinder and ensure the thermal insulation performance of the cylinder.
  • the first supporting structure includes: a first heat insulating pipe; a first sleeve assembly, the first sleeve assembly is sleeved on the inner end of the first heat insulating pipe, The first sleeve assembly is slidingly fitted with the inner cylinder; the second sleeve assembly is sheathed on the outer end of the first heat insulating pipe, and the second sleeve assembly and the The outer cylinder is fixedly connected.
  • the first bushing assembly includes a first bushing, a first backing plate and a sliding pad, the first backing plate and the sliding pad are stacked and connected, and the first backing plate and the sliding pad are stacked and connected.
  • a sleeve is provided on the side of the first backing plate away from the sliding pad; wherein the first sleeve is sleeved on the inner end of the first heat-insulating pipe, and the sliding pad and the inner cylinder
  • the peripheral wall is a sliding fit.
  • the second bushing assembly includes a second bushing and a second backing plate, and the second bushing and the second backing plate face one side of the inner cylinder Connected; wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a first installation hole, the second backing plate is fitted and fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the second sleeve extends through the first installation hole to the The outer cylinder is connected to the first heat insulating pipe.
  • the first heat-insulating pipe member includes a first heat-insulating pipe and a first heat-insulating piece and a second heat-insulating piece installed in the first heat-insulating pipe, and the two heat-insulating pieces of the first heat-insulating pipe
  • the ends are respectively socketed and fitted with the first sleeve assembly and the second sleeve assembly; the first heat insulating element and the second heat insulating element are sequentially distributed along the radial direction of the inner cylinder from inside to outside, and The thickness of the first heat insulating part is smaller than the thickness of the second heat insulating part.
  • the second supporting structure includes: a second heat insulating pipe; a third sleeve assembly, the third sleeve assembly is sleeved on the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe, The third sleeve assembly is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder; the fourth sleeve assembly is sheathed on the outer end of the second heat insulating pipe, and the fourth sleeve assembly is connected to the The outer cylinder is fixedly connected.
  • the third bushing assembly in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, includes a third bushing and a third backing plate, and the third bushing is arranged on a side of the third backing plate away from the inner cylinder. side; wherein the third sleeve is sheathed on the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe, and the third backing plate is fixedly connected with the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder.
  • the fourth bushing assembly includes a fourth bushing and a fourth backing plate, and the fourth bushing and the fourth backing plate face one side of the inner cylinder connected; wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a second installation hole, the fourth backing plate is fitted and fixed on the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the fourth sleeve passes through the second installation hole to extend to the The inside of the outer cylinder is connected with the second heat insulating pipe.
  • the second heat-insulating pipe includes a second heat-insulating pipe, a third heat-insulating piece and a fourth heat-insulating piece installed in the second heat-insulating pipe, and the two heat-insulating pipes of the second heat-insulating pipe
  • the ends are respectively socketed and fitted with the third bushing assembly and the fourth bushing assembly; the third heat insulating element and the fourth heat insulating element are sequentially distributed along the radial direction of the inner cylinder from inside to outside, and The thickness of the third heat insulating part is smaller than the thickness of the fourth heat insulating part.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a hydrogen fuel cell system.
  • the liquid hydrogen cylinder of any one of the above embodiments is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a liquid hydrogen cylinder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view at A-A place in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view at C in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view at D-D in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional view of E-E place among Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is the sectional view of B-B place in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view at F in Figure 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view at G-G place among Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view at the H-H place in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the end of a liquid hydrogen cylinder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the second support structure 12 The second support structure 12, the second heat insulation pipe 121, the second heat insulation pipe 1211, the third heat insulation 1212, the fourth heat insulation 1213, the third sleeve assembly 122, the third sleeve 1221, the third backing plate 1222, the third Four casing assembly 123, fourth casing 1231, fourth backing plate 1232,
  • Inner cylinder 3 outer cylinder 4 , first installation hole 41 , second installation hole 42 .
  • the following describes a liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to FIGS. 1-10 .
  • the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 are supported in the radial direction by an insulating support assembly 1 , which has a simple structure and is easy to install. , and the actual heat leakage generated by the radial support of the thermal insulation support assembly 1 is smaller than that of the traditional neck tube support at the head and tail, which is beneficial to ensure the thermal insulation performance of the gas cylinder.
  • a liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 includes: an inner cylinder 3 , an outer cylinder 4 and a thermal insulation support assembly 1 .
  • the inner cylinder 3 is installed in the outer cylinder 4, that is, the inner cylinder 3 is formed as the internal storage space of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 for storing liquid hydrogen, and the outer cylinder 4 is formed as the outside of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100
  • the shell is used to protect the inner cylinder 3 inside and ensure the internal stability of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 .
  • the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 are radially spaced apart, that is, there is no direct contact between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, so that the outer cylinder 4 can move towards the inner cylinder 3 when it is hit by an external force.
  • a certain amount of collapse and deformation is carried out in the space between the outer cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 4, thereby absorbing the external impact force, avoiding the direct rigid contact between the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 3, and ensuring the safety of the inner cylinder 3.
  • the inner cylinder 3 does not directly conduct heat with the outer cylinder 4 , thereby reducing the heat leakage of the inner cylinder 3 and ensuring the thermal insulation performance of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 .
  • the heat insulating support assembly 1 is radially supported between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, and the heat insulating support assembly 1 includes a first support structure 11 and a second support structure 12 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3, that is, the inner
  • the first support structure 11 and the second support structure 12 can be installed and supported between the cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 at the same time, so that the inner cylinder 3 can be supported and fixed at different positions along the axial direction, and the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 can be improved. support stability.
  • both the first support structure 11 and the second support structure 12 can be provided in multiples to ensure the stability of the support.
  • four first support structures 11 can be provided, and the four first support structures 11 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 to support different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 .
  • FIG. 2 shows four first support structures 11 can be provided, and the four first support structures 11 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 to support different positions in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 .
  • two first support structures 11 are located above the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 3 , and the two first support structures 11 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides above the inner cylinder 3 , And the angle between the two first support structures 11 relative to the vertical (only indicating the direction in the figure, not limiting the actual design) can be 45°; Below, and the two first support structures 11 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the inner tube 3, and the two first support structures 11 are relatively vertical (only indicates the direction in Figure 2, and does not limit the actual design) The included angle can be 30°. Similarly, as shown in FIG.
  • the number of second support structures 12 can also be set to four, and the four second support structures 12 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 , so as to account for differences in the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 3 . support in position. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • two second support structures 12 are located above the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 3 , and the two second support structures 12 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides above the inner cylinder 3 , And the angle between the two second support structures 12 relative to the vertical (only indicating the direction in the figure, not limiting the actual design) can be 45°; Below, and the two second support structures 12 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides below the inner tube 3, and the two second support structures 12 are relatively vertical (only the direction in Figure 6 is shown, and the actual design is not limited) The included angle can be 30°.
  • the plurality of first support structures 11 and the plurality of second support structures 12 can play a supporting role between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 at the same time, so as to ensure the relative stability of the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 .
  • a plurality of first support structures 11 and a plurality of second support structures 12 can be provided in a one-to-one correspondence in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3, so that each position in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 3 Support is more balanced.
  • the outer end of the first support structure 11 is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder 4, that is, the outer end of the first support structure 11 is always in a relatively stable state with the outer cylinder 4, and the relative position of the two remains unchanged; and the first support The inner end of the structure 11 is slidingly fitted with the inner cylinder 3 , that is, the inner end of the first support structure 11 can slide to different positions relative to the inner cylinder 3 .
  • the outer end of the second support structure 12 is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder 4, that is, the outer end of the second support structure 12 is always in a relatively stable state with the outer cylinder 4, and the relative position of the two remains unchanged; and the second support
  • the inner end of the structure 12 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 3, that is, the inner end of the second support structure 12 and the inner cylinder 3 are always in a relatively stable state.
  • both the first support structure 11 and the second support structure 12 are fixed relative to the outer cylinder 4, while the first support structure 11 can slide relative to the inner cylinder 3, and the second support structure 12 is fixed relative to the inner cylinder 3, thus , when the internal temperature state of the inner cylinder 3 changes, when thermal expansion and contraction occur, the second support structure 12 is always stably connected between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, while the first support structure 11 Not only can it play a supporting role between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, but it can also slide relative to the deformation of the inner cylinder 3, so that the thermal insulation support assembly 1 can adapt to the deformation of the inner cylinder 3 due to temperature changes , thereby avoiding the situation that the thermal insulation support assembly 1 cannot reasonably adapt when the temperature of the inner cylinder 3 changes, resulting in structural deformation and unstable support, and improving the stability of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 .
  • Insulation support assembly 1 can be provided with heat insulation material, so that the heat insulation material can play a role of heat insulation between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, so as to avoid excessive transfer of heat in the liquid hydrogen stored in the inner cylinder 3 to the outside.
  • the cylinder 4 diffuses to the outside, reduces the heat leakage of the inner cylinder 3, ensures the heat insulation performance of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100, and the heat insulation support assembly 1 has a simple structure and is easy to install.
  • the inner cylinder 3 can be stably supported In the outer cylinder 4, and through this support method, it is beneficial to reduce the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen gas cylinder 100 and ensure the heat insulation performance of the gas cylinder.
  • the first support structure 11 includes a first heat insulating pipe member 111 , a first sleeve assembly 112 and a second sleeve assembly 113 .
  • the first sleeve assembly 112 is sheathed on the inner end of the first heat insulating pipe 111, that is, the inner end of the first heat insulating pipe 111 extends into the first sleeve assembly 112 to be fixedly connected with the first sleeve assembly 112, such as the first
  • the inner end of the heat insulating pipe 111 can be connected with the first sleeve assembly 112 through a connection structure, or connected by welding;
  • the outer peripheral walls of the two parts are in contact and can slide relative to each other. In this way, both the first heat insulating pipe member 111 and the first sleeve assembly 112 can slide relative to the inner cylinder 3 .
  • the second sleeve assembly 113 is sheathed on the outer end of the first heat insulating pipe 111, that is, the outer end of the first heat insulating pipe 111 extends into the second sleeve assembly 113 to be fixedly connected with the second sleeve assembly 113, as shown in the first
  • the outer end of a heat insulating pipe 111 is connected to the second sleeve assembly 113 through a connection structure, or connected by welding; the second sleeve assembly 113 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 4, such as the second sleeve assembly 113 can be connected to the outer cylinder 4 by welding . In this way, the relative positions of the second heat insulating pipe member 121 , the second sleeve assembly 113 and the outer cylinder 4 can be kept fixed.
  • the first sleeve assembly 112 includes a first sleeve 1121 , a first backing plate 1122 and a sliding pad 1123 , wherein the first sleeve 1121 is configured as a circular tube, and the second The inner diameter of the sleeve 1121 is greater than and close to the outer diameter of the inner end of the first heat insulating pipe 111 , so that the first heat insulating pipe 111 can extend into the first sleeve 1121 and be fixedly connected with the first sleeve 1121 .
  • the first backing plate 1122 is fixedly connected with the first sleeve 1121, such as the first backing plate 1122 can be connected with the first sleeve 1121 by welding, or the two can be integrally formed, as shown in Figure 4, the first sleeve 1121 It is located on a side of the first pad 1122 away from the sliding pad 1123 .
  • the first backing plate 1122 and the sliding pad 1123 can be connected by connecting pieces, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the two are fixedly connected by countersunk bolts 24 , and FIG. 10 shows the position of the countersunk bolts 24 .
  • the first sleeve 1121 is sheathed on the inner end of the first heat-insulating pipe 111, so that the first sleeve assembly 112 and the first heat-insulating pipe 111 are relatively fixed, and the two can be connected as a whole for common installation.
  • the sliding pad 1123 is located on the side of the first backing plate 1122 facing the inner tube 3 , and after specific installation, the sliding pad 1123 is slidably matched with the outer peripheral wall of the inner tube 3 .
  • the first sleeve 1121 and the first heat-insulating pipe 111 are connected through bolts 21 , nuts 22 and spring washers 23 , so that the first sleeve 1121 and the first heat-insulating pipe 111 can be disassembled relative to each other.
  • the sliding pad 1123 is made of wear-resistant and low-temperature-resistant materials, so that after the sliding pad 1123 slides relative to the inner cylinder 3 for a long time, it still has a good structural state.
  • the sliding pad 1123 is made of modified polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the gaskets take advantage of the small friction coefficient of the material to reduce the friction force between the inner cylinder 3 and the support during thermal expansion and contraction, and improve the fatigue resistance of the support structure.
  • the first sleeve 1121 adopts epoxy glass tube, which can effectively reduce the heat leakage at the support by virtue of its low thermal conductivity.
  • the second sleeve assembly 113 includes a second sleeve 1131 and a second backing plate 1132, the second sleeve 1131 is configured as a circular tube, and the inner diameter of the second sleeve 1131 is larger than and close to the first heat insulating pipe
  • the outer diameter of the outer end of 111 is such that the first heat insulating pipe 111 can extend into the second sleeve 1131 and be fixedly connected with the second sleeve 1131 .
  • the second sleeve 1131 and the second backing plate 1132 are fixedly connected, such as the end of the second sleeve 1131 can be connected to the surface of the second backing 1132 by welding, or the two can be integrally formed, so that the second sleeve 1131 Can be used together with the second backing plate 1132 .
  • the second sleeve 1131 is connected to the side of the second backing plate 1132 facing the inner cylinder 3 .
  • the outer cylinder 4 is provided with a first installation hole 41, and the first installation hole 41 penetrates radially along the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 4.
  • the second sleeve 1131 can be inserted from the outer cylinder 4 The outside extends from the first installation hole 41 into the outer cylinder 4 to be connected with the first heat insulating pipe 111, so that the second sleeve 1131 is fixedly connected with the first heat insulating pipe 111, and the second backing plate 1132 is located outside the outer cylinder 4.
  • the width dimension of the second backing plate 1132 is larger than the aperture of the first installation hole 41, so that the second backing plate 1132 can play a closed role outside the first installation hole 41, and the second backing plate 1132 and the outer cylinder 4
  • the peripheral wall is adhered and fixed by welding.
  • the first heat insulating pipe 111 includes a first heat insulating pipe 1111 , a first heat insulating part 1112 and a second heat insulating part 1113 , and the first heat insulating part 1112 and the second heat insulating part 1113 Installed in the first heat insulating pipe 1111.
  • the first heat insulating tube 1111 is used to connect and cooperate with the first sleeve 1121 and the second sleeve 1131, that is, the inner end of the first heat insulating tube 1111 extends into the first sleeve 1121 as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig.
  • first heat insulating pipe 1111 is detachably connected with the first sleeve 1121 through bolts 21, nuts 22 and spring washers 23, so that the first heat insulating pipe 1111 and the first sleeve 1121 can be disassembled flexibly, and
  • the outer end of the first heat insulating tube 1111 extends into the second sleeve 1131 and can be connected with the second sleeve 1131 by welding, so as to realize the fixed connection of the two.
  • the first heat insulating member 1112 and the second heat insulating member 1113 can play a role of heat insulation between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, so as to isolate excessive heat transfer from the inner cylinder 3 to the outer cylinder 4, thereby reducing the The leakage heat of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100.
  • the second sleeve 1131 adopts epoxy glass tube, which can effectively reduce the heat leakage at the support by virtue of its low thermal conductivity.
  • the first heat insulator 1112 and the second heat insulator 1113 are distributed sequentially from inside to outside along the radial direction of the inner cylinder 3, that is, the first heat insulator 1112 is located inside the second heat insulator 1113, so that the heat of the inner cylinder 3 is transferred from the inside to the outside , it needs to pass through the first heat insulating part 1112 and the second heat insulating part 1113 in turn, which increases the difficulty of heat transfer, and the thickness of the first heat insulating part 1112 is smaller than the thickness of the second heat insulating part 1113, so that the first heat insulating part 1112 not only It can play the role of heat insulation and also play a certain buffer role.
  • the first heat insulating member 1112 and the second heat insulating member 1113 are made of different materials, so that they have different structural properties.
  • the first heat insulating member 1112 has a double-layer structure, and one layer is made of aluminum foil, and the other layer is made of glass fiber paper, and the second heat insulating member 1113 is made of glass fiber cotton.
  • the second support structure 12 includes a second heat insulating pipe member 121 , a third sleeve assembly 122 and a fourth sleeve assembly 123 .
  • the third sleeve assembly 122 is sheathed on the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe 121, that is, the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe 121 extends into the third sleeve assembly 122 to be fixedly connected with the third sleeve assembly 122, such as the second
  • the inner end of the heat insulating pipe 121 can be connected with the third sleeve assembly 122 through a connection structure, or connected by welding; the third sleeve assembly 122 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 3, such as the inner surface of the third sleeve assembly 122 and the inner cylinder 3 Peripheral wall welding. In this way, both the second heat insulating pipe member 121 and the third sleeve assembly 122 are relatively fixed to the inner cylinder 3 .
  • the fourth sleeve assembly 123 is sleeved on the outer end of the second heat insulating pipe 121, that is, the outer end of the second heat insulating pipe 121 extends into the fourth sleeve assembly 123 to be fixedly connected with the fourth sleeve assembly 123, as shown in the first
  • the outer ends of the two heat-insulating pipes 121 are connected to the fourth sleeve assembly 123 through a connection structure, or connected by welding; the fourth sleeve assembly 123 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 4, such as the fourth sleeve assembly 123 can be connected to the outer cylinder 4 by welding . In this way, the relative positions of the second heat insulating pipe member 121 , the fourth sleeve assembly 123 and the outer cylinder 4 can be kept fixed.
  • the third sleeve assembly 122 includes a third sleeve 1221 and a third backing plate 1222 , wherein the third sleeve 1221 is configured as a circular tube, and the third The inner diameter of the sleeve 1221 is greater than and close to the outer diameter of the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe 121 , so that the second heat insulating pipe 121 can extend into the third sleeve 1221 and be fixedly connected with the third sleeve 1221 .
  • the third backing plate 1222 is fixedly connected with the third sleeve 1221 , for example, the third backing plate 1222 and the third sleeve 1221 can be connected by welding, or both can be integrally formed.
  • the third sleeve 1221 is sleeved on the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe 121, so that the third sleeve assembly 122 and the second heat insulating pipe 121 are relatively fixed, and the two can The connection is installed as a whole between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4 .
  • the third sleeve 1221 is connected to the second heat insulating pipe 121 through bolts 21 , nuts 22 and spring washers 23 , so that the third sleeve 1221 and the second heat insulating pipe 121 can be opposite to each other.
  • the third backing plate 1222 can be connected with the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 3 by welding.
  • the fourth sleeve assembly 123 includes a fourth sleeve 1231 and a fourth backing plate 1232 , the fourth sleeve 1231 is configured as a circular tube, and the inner diameter of the fourth sleeve 1231 is larger than And close to the outer diameter of the outer end of the second heat insulating pipe 121 , so that the second heat insulating pipe 121 can extend into the fourth sleeve 1231 and be fixedly connected with the fourth sleeve 1231 .
  • the fourth sleeve 1231 and the fourth backing plate 1232 are fixedly connected, such as the end of the fourth sleeve 1231 can be connected to the surface of the fourth backing plate 1232 by welding, or the two can be integrally formed, so that the fourth sleeve 1231 It can be used together with the fourth pad 1232 .
  • the fourth sleeve 1231 is connected to the side of the fourth backing plate 1232 facing the inner tube 3 .
  • the outer cylinder 4 is provided with a second installation hole 42, and the second installation hole 42 penetrates radially along the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 4.
  • the fourth sleeve 1231 can be inserted from the outer cylinder 4 The outside extends from the second installation hole 42 into the outer cylinder 4 to be connected with the second heat insulating pipe 121, so that the fourth sleeve 1231 is fixedly connected with the second heat insulating pipe 121, and the fourth backing plate 1232 is located outside the outer cylinder 4.
  • the width dimension of the fourth backing plate 1232 is greater than the aperture of the second installation hole 42, so that the fourth backing plate 1232 can play a closed role outside the second installation hole 42, and the fourth backing plate 1232 and the outer cylinder 4
  • the peripheral wall is adhered and fixed by welding.
  • the second heat insulating pipe 121 includes a second heat insulating pipe 1211 , a third heat insulating part 1212 and a fourth heat insulating part 1213 , and the third heat insulating part 1212 and the fourth heat insulating part 1213 Installed in the second heat insulating pipe 1211.
  • the second heat insulating pipe 1211 is used to connect and cooperate with the third sleeve 1221 and the fourth sleeve 1231, that is, the inner end of the second heat insulating pipe 1211 extends into the third sleeve 1221 and is connected to the third sleeve 1221 through bolts. 21.
  • the nut 22 and the spring washer 23 are detachably connected so that the second heat insulating tube 1211 and the third sleeve 1221 can be disassembled flexibly, and the outer end of the second heat insulating tube 1211 extends into the fourth sleeve 1231 and It can be connected with the fourth sleeve 1231 by welding to realize the fixed connection of the two.
  • the third heat insulating member 1212 and the fourth heat insulating member 1213 can play a role of heat insulation between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4, so as to isolate excessive heat transfer from the inner cylinder 3 to the outer cylinder 4, thereby reducing the The leakage heat of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100.
  • the third heat insulating piece 1212 and the fourth heat insulating piece 1213 are distributed sequentially from inside to outside along the radial direction of the inner cylinder 3, that is, the third heat insulating piece 1212 is located inside the fourth heat insulating piece 1213, so that the heat of the inner cylinder 3 is transferred from the inside to the outside At this time, it needs to pass through the third heat insulating part 1212 and the fourth heat insulating part 1213 in turn, which increases the difficulty of heat transfer, and the thickness of the third heat insulating part 1212 is smaller than the thickness of the fourth heat insulating part 1213, so that the third heat insulating part 1212 not only It can play the role of heat insulation and also play a certain buffer role.
  • the third heat insulating element 1212 and the fourth heat insulating element 1213 are made of different materials, so that they have different structural properties.
  • the third heat insulating element 1212 has a double-layer structure, and one layer is made of aluminum foil, and the other layer is made of glass fiber paper, and the fourth heat insulating element 1213 is made of glass fiber cotton.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a hydrogen fuel cell system.
  • the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 of any one of the above embodiments is provided, and the first support structure 11 and the second support structure 11 for radial support are arranged between the inner cylinder 3 and the outer cylinder 4
  • the second support structure 12 can make the inner cylinder 3 stably supported in the outer cylinder 4, and through this support method, it is beneficial to reduce the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen cylinder 100 and ensure the thermal insulation performance of the cylinder.
  • first feature and “second feature” may include one or more of these features.
  • a first feature being "on” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, and may also include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but pass through them. Additional feature contacts between.
  • a first feature on a second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than Second feature.
  • references to the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “exemplary embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” are intended to mean that the implementation A specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure.
  • schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统，液氢气瓶（100）包括：内筒（3）和外筒（4），内筒（3）安装于外筒（4）内，且与外筒（4）在径向上间隔开；绝热支撑组件（1），绝热支撑组件（1）沿径向支撑于内筒（3）和外筒（4）之间，绝热支撑组件（1）包括沿内筒（3）的轴向间隔开布置的第一支撑结构（11）和第二支撑结构（12）；其中第一支撑结构（11）的外端与外筒（4）固定相连且内端与内筒（3）滑动配合，第二支撑结构（12）的外端和内端分别于外筒（4）和内筒（3）固定相连。

Description

液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求未势能源科技有限公司于2021年12月20日提交的、发明名称为“液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统”的中国专利申请号“202111566947.5”的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及供气系统技术领域，尤其是涉及一种液氢气瓶和具有该液氢气瓶的氢燃料电池系统。
背景技术
相关技术中，氢燃料电池系统在重载车辆的动力系统领域有广泛的应用前景，车载液氢气瓶用于向车载储氢系统提供所需的燃料。车载液氢气瓶内外筒体之间需要设置支撑结构，传统的气瓶支撑结构首尾均采用颈管形式，缺点是漏热量大，影响气瓶绝热性能，同时，支撑结构复杂，安装不方便，存在改进的空间。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本公开的一个目的在于提出一种液氢气瓶，内筒和外筒之间通过绝热支撑组件进行径向支撑，结构简单，漏热量小，利于保证气瓶的绝热性能。
根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶，包括：内筒和外筒，所述内筒安装于所述外筒内，且与所述外筒在径向上间隔开；绝热支撑组件，所述绝热支撑组件沿径向支撑于所述内筒和所述外筒之间，且所述绝热支撑组件包括沿所述内筒的轴向间隔开布置的第一支撑结构和第二支撑结构；其中所述第一支撑结构的外端与所述外筒固定相连且内端与所述内筒滑动配合，所述第二支撑结构的外端和内端分别与所述外筒和所述内筒固定相连。
根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶，通过在内筒和外筒之间设置用于径向支撑的第一支撑结构和第二支撑结构，可使得内筒稳定地支撑于外筒内，且通过此支撑方式，利于降低液氢气瓶的漏热量，保证气瓶的绝热性能。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第一支撑结构包括：第一绝热管件；第一套管组件，所述第一套管组件套设于所述第一绝热管件的内端，所述第一套管组件与所 述内筒滑动配合；第二套管组件，所述第二套管组件套设于所述第一绝热管件的外端，所述第二套管组件与所述外筒固定相连。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第一套管组件包括第一套管、第一垫板和滑动垫，所述第一垫板和所述滑动垫叠置相连，所述第一套管设于所述第一垫板背离所述滑动垫的一侧；其中所述第一套管套设于所述第一绝热管件的内端，所述滑动垫与所述内筒的外周壁滑动配合。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第二套管组件包括第二套管和第二垫板，所述第二套管与所述第二垫板朝向所述内筒的一侧相连；其中所述外筒设有第一安装孔，所述第二垫板贴合固定于所述外筒的外周壁，所述第二套管穿过所述第一安装孔伸至所述外筒内以与所述第一绝热管件相连。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第一绝热管件包括第一绝热管和安装于所述第一绝热管内的第一绝热件和第二绝热件，所述第一绝热管的两端分别与所述第一套管组件和所述第二套管组件套接配合；所述第一绝热件和所述第二绝热件沿所述内筒的径向由内向外依次分布，且所述第一绝热件的厚度小于所述第二绝热件的厚度。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第二支撑结构包括：第二绝热管件；第三套管组件，所述第三套管组件套设于所述第二绝热管件的内端，所述第三套管组件与所述内筒固定相连；第四套管组件，所述第四套管组件套设于所述第二绝热管件的外端，所述第四套管组件与所述外筒固定相连。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第三套管组件包括第三套管、第三垫板，所述第三套管设于所述第三垫板背离所述内筒的一侧；其中所述第三套管套设于所述第二绝热管件的内端，所述第三垫板与所述内筒的外周壁固定相连。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第四套管组件包括第四套管和第四垫板，所述第四套管与所述第四垫板朝向所述内筒的一侧相连；其中所述外筒设有第二安装孔，所述第四垫板贴合固定于所述外筒的外周壁，所述第四套管穿过所述第二安装孔以伸至所述外筒内与所述第二绝热管件相连。
根据本公开一些实施例的液氢气瓶，所述第二绝热管件包括第二绝热管和安装于所述第二绝热管内的第三绝热件和第四绝热件，所述第二绝热管的两端分别与所述第三套管组件和所述第四套管组件套接配合；所述第三绝热件和所述第四绝热件沿所述内筒的径向由内向外依次分布，且所述第三绝热件的厚度小于所述第四绝热件的厚度。
本公开还提出了一种氢燃料电池系统。
根据本公开实施例的氢燃料电池系统，设置有上述任一种实施例的液氢气瓶。
所述氢燃料电池系统和上述的液氢气瓶相对于现有技术所具有的优势相同，在此不 再赘述。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶的结构示意图；
图2是图1中A-A处的截面图；
图3是图2中C处的放大图；
图4是图2中D-D处的截面图；
图5是图4中E-E处的截面图；
图6是图1中B-B处的截面图；
图7是图6中F处的放大图；
图8是图6中G-G处的截面图；
图9是图8中H-H处的截面图；
图10是根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶的端部示意图。
附图标记：
液氢气瓶100，
绝热支撑组件1，
第一支撑结构11，第一绝热管件111，第一绝热管1111，第一绝热件1112，第二绝热件1113，第一套管组件112，第一套管1121，第一垫板1122，滑动垫1123，第二套管组件113，第二套管1131，第二垫板1132，
第二支撑结构12，第二绝热管件121，第二绝热管1211，第三绝热件1212，第四绝热件1213，第三套管组件122，第三套管1221，第三垫板1222，第四套管组件123，第四套管1231，第四垫板1232，
螺栓21，螺母22，弹簧垫圈23，沉头螺栓24，
内筒3，外筒4，第一安装孔41，第二安装孔42。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
下面参考图1-图10描述根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶100，该液氢气瓶100的内筒3和外筒4之间通过绝热支撑组件1在径向上安装支撑，结构简单，安装方便，且通过绝热支撑组件1进行径向支撑实际产生的漏热量相较于传统的首尾采用颈管支撑的形式的漏热量更小，利于保证气瓶绝热性能。
如图1-图10所示，根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶100，包括：内筒3、外筒4和绝热支撑组件1。
如图1所示，内筒3安装于外筒4内，即内筒3形成为液氢气瓶100的内部盛放空间，以用于存储液氢，外筒4形成为液氢气瓶100的外部壳体，以对位于内部的内筒3起到保护的作用，保证液氢气瓶100的内部稳定。
其中，如图1所示，内筒3与外筒4在径向上间隔开，即内筒3与外筒4之间未直接接触，从而使得外筒4在受到外力撞击时能够朝内筒3和外筒4之间的空间内进行一定量的溃缩变形，进而吸收外部的撞击力，避免外筒4直接与内筒3产生刚性接触，保证内筒3的安全性。且内筒3也不会与外筒4之间直接进行导热，从而利于减少内筒3的漏热量，保证液氢气瓶100的绝热性能。
绝热支撑组件1沿径向支撑于内筒3和外筒4之间，且绝热支撑组件1包括沿内筒3的轴向间隔开布置的第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12，即内筒3和外筒4之间可同时通过第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12进行安装支撑，从而在内筒3沿轴向的不同位置处实现支撑固定，提高内筒3和外筒4的支撑稳定性。
且在具体设计时，可将第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12均设置为多个，以保证支撑的稳定性。如图2所示，第一支撑结构11可设置为四个，且四个第一支撑结构11在内筒3的周向上间隔开分布，以对内筒3的周向上的不同位置处进行支撑。在一些实施例中，如图2所示，两个第一支撑结构11位于内筒3的外周壁的上方，且两个第一支撑结构11对称分布于内筒3的上方的左右两侧，且两个第一支撑结构11相对于竖向(仅表示图中方向，对实际设计不造成限定)的夹角可为45°；另两个第一支撑结构11位于内筒3的外周壁的下方，且两个第一支撑结构11对称分布于内筒3的下方的左右两侧，且两个第一支撑结构11相对于竖向(仅表示图2中方向，对实际设计不造成限定)的夹角可为30°。同样地，如图6所示，第二支撑结构12也可设置为四个，且四个第二支撑结构12在内筒3的周向上间隔开分布，以对内筒3的周向上的不同位置处进行支撑。在一些实施例中，如图6所示，两个第二支撑结构12位于内筒3的外周壁的上方，且两个第二支撑结构12对称分布于内筒3的上方的左右两侧，且两个第二支撑结构12相对于竖向(仅表示图中方向，对实际设计不造成限定)的夹角可为45°； 另两个第二支撑结构12位于内筒3的外周壁的下方，且两个第二支撑结构12对称分布于内筒3的下方的左右两侧，且两个第二支撑结构12相对于竖向(仅表示图6中方向，对实际设计不造成限定)的夹角可为30°。
这样，可通过多个第一支撑结构11和多个第二支撑结构12同时在内筒3和外筒4之间起到支撑的作用，以保证内筒3和外筒4的相对稳定性。其中，在具体设计时，可将多个第一支撑结构11和多个第二支撑结构12在内筒3的轴向上一一对应的设置，使得内筒3的轴向的各个位置处的支撑力较为均衡。
其中，第一支撑结构11的外端与外筒4固定相连，即第一支撑结构11的外端始终与外筒4处于相对稳定的状态，二者的相对位置保持不变；且第一支撑结构11的内端与内筒3滑动配合，即第一支撑结构11的内端能够相对于内筒3滑动至不同的位置处。同时，第二支撑结构12的外端与外筒4固定相连，即第二支撑结构12的外端始终与外筒4处于相对稳定的状态，二者的相对位置保持不变；且第二支撑结构12的内端与内筒3固定相连，即第二支撑结构12的内端与内筒3始终处于相对稳定的状态。也就是说，第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12均相对于外筒4固定，而第一支撑结构11可相对于内筒3滑动，第二支撑结构12相对于内筒3固定，这样，在内筒3由于内部的温度状态发生改变时，产生热胀冷缩的变形量时，第二支撑结构12始终稳定地连接于内筒3和外筒4之间，而第一支撑结构11不仅可在内筒3和外筒4之间起到支撑的作用，且可随着内筒3的变形而发生相对的滑动，从而使得绝热支撑组件1能够适应内筒3由于温度变化产生的变形，进而避免出现内筒3温度变化时绝热支撑组件1无法合理适应而出现结构变形支撑不稳的情况，提高液氢气瓶100的稳定性。
绝热支撑组件1中可设置有绝热材料，以使绝热材料能够在内筒3和外筒4之间起到绝热的作用，避免内筒3中存储的液氢中的热量过多地传递至外筒4而扩散至外界，减小内筒3的漏热量，保证液氢气瓶100的绝热性能，且绝热支撑组件1的结构简单，安装方便。
根据本公开实施例的液氢气瓶100，通过在内筒3和外筒4之间设置用于径向支撑的第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12，可使得内筒3稳定地支撑于外筒4内，且通过此支撑方式，利于降低液氢气瓶100的漏热量，保证气瓶的绝热性能。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，第一支撑结构11包括第一绝热管件111、第一套管组件112和第二套管组件113。
第一套管组件112套设于第一绝热管件111的内端，即第一绝热管件111的内端伸至第一套管组件112内以与第一套管组件112固定相连，如第一绝热管件111的内端可与第一套管组件112通过连接结构相连，或者焊接相连；第一套管组件112与内筒3滑 动配合，如第一套管组件112的内表面与内筒3的外周壁接触且可相对滑动。这样，可使得第一绝热管件111和第一套管组件112均可相对于内筒3滑动。
以及第二套管组件113套设于第一绝热管件111的外端，即第一绝热管件111的外端伸至第二套管组件113内以与第二套管组件113固定相连，如第一绝热管件111的外端与第二套管组件113通过连接结构相连，或者焊接相连；第二套管组件113与外筒4固定相连，如第二套管组件113可与外筒4焊接相连。这样，可使得第二绝热管件121和第二套管组件113与外筒4的相对位置保持固定。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，第一套管组件112包括第一套管1121、第一垫板1122和滑动垫1123，其中，第一套管1121构造为圆形管状，且第一套管1121的内径大于且接近第一绝热管件111的内端的外径，以使第一绝热管件111可伸至第一套管1121内与第一套管1121固定相连。第一垫板1122与第一套管1121固定相连，如可将第一垫板1122与第一套管1121焊接相连，或二者可为一体成型，如图4所示，第一套管1121位于第一垫板1122的背离滑动垫1123的一侧。其中，第一垫板1122和滑动垫1123可通过连接件相连，如图4和图5所示，二者采用沉头螺栓24固定相连，且如图10示出了沉头螺栓24的位置。
如图4所示，第一套管1121套设于第一绝热管件111的内端，以使第一套管组件112与第一绝热管件111相对固定，且二者可连接为一个整体共同安装于内筒3和外筒4之间。其中，滑动垫1123位于第一垫板1122朝向内筒3的一侧，且在具体安装后，滑动垫1123与内筒3的外周壁滑动配合。其中，如图4所示，第一套管1121与第一绝热管件111通过螺栓21、螺母22和弹簧垫圈23配合相连，以使第一套管1121和第一绝热管件111可相对拆卸。
需要说明的是，滑动垫1123为耐磨、耐低温材料制成，以在滑动垫1123长期相对于内筒3滑动后，仍具有良好的结构状态，如滑动垫1123采用改性聚四氟乙烯垫片，利用材料的摩擦系数小的优点减小热胀冷缩时内筒3与支撑处的摩檫力，提高支撑结构的抗疲劳性能。同时，第一套管1121采用环氧玻璃管，借助其导热系数低的特点，可有效减小支撑处的漏热量。
在一些实施例中，第二套管组件113包括第二套管1131和第二垫板1132，第二套管1131构造为圆管状，且第二套管1131的内径大于且接近第一绝热管件111的外端的外径，以使第一绝热管件111可伸至第二套管1131内与第二套管1131固定相连。第二套管1131和第二垫板1132固定相连，如第二套管1131的端部可与第二垫板1132的表面焊接相连，或者二者可为一体成型，从而使得第二套管1131与第二垫板1132可一同使用。其中，第二套管1131与第二垫板1132朝向内筒3的一侧相连。
如图3所示，外筒4设有第一安装孔41，第一安装孔41沿外筒4的周壁沿径向贯通，在实际安装时，可将第二套管1131从外筒4的外部由第一安装孔41处伸至外筒4内以与第一绝热管件111相连，从而使得第二套管1131与第一绝热管件111固定相连，第二垫板1132位于外筒4外，且第二垫板1132的宽度尺寸大于第一安装孔41的孔径，使得第二垫板1132能够在第一安装孔41的外部起到封闭的作用，且第二垫板1132与外筒4的外周壁贴合并焊接固定。
在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，第一绝热管件111包括第一绝热管1111、第一绝热件1112和第二绝热件1113，第一绝热件1112和第二绝热件1113安装于第一绝热管1111内。其中，第一绝热管1111用于与第一套管1121和第二套管1131连接配合，即第一绝热管1111的内端伸至第一套管1121内如图4和图5所示，且第一绝热管1111的内端与第一套管1121通过螺栓21、螺母22和弹簧垫圈23可拆卸地相连，以使第一绝热管1111和第一套管1121能够灵活地拆装，且第一绝热管1111的外端伸至第二套管1131内且与第二套管1131可焊接相连，以实现二者的固定相连。
其中，第一绝热件1112和第二绝热件1113能够在内筒3和外筒4之间起到绝热的作用，以隔绝过多的热量从内筒3传递到外筒4，从而利于减小液氢气瓶100的漏热量。同时，第二套管1131采用环氧玻璃管，借助其导热系数低的特点，可有效减小支撑处的漏热量。
第一绝热件1112和第二绝热件1113沿内筒3的径向由内向外依次分布，即第一绝热件1112位于第二绝热件1113的内侧，以在内筒3的热量从内向外传递时，需依次经过第一绝热件1112和第二绝热件1113，即增大了热量传递的难度，且第一绝热件1112的厚度小于第二绝热件1113的厚度，使得第一绝热件1112不仅能够起到隔热的作用，还可起到一定的缓冲作用。其中，第一绝热件1112与第二绝热件1113为不同材料制成，以使二者具有不同的结构性能。如第一绝热件1112为双层结构，且一层为铝箔，另一层为玻璃纤维纸，第二绝热件1113为玻璃纤维棉制成。
在一些实施例中，如图6所示，第二支撑结构12包括第二绝热管件121、第三套管组件122和第四套管组件123。
第三套管组件122套设于第二绝热管件121的内端，即第二绝热管件121的内端伸至第三套管组件122内以与第三套管组件122固定相连，如第二绝热管件121的内端可与第三套管组件122通过连接结构相连，或者焊接相连；第三套管组件122与内筒3固定相连，如第三套管组件122的内表面与内筒3的外周壁焊接。这样，可使得第二绝热管件121和第三套管组件122均与内筒3相对固定。
以及第四套管组件123套设于第二绝热管件121的外端，即第二绝热管件121的外 端伸至第四套管组件123内以与第四套管组件123固定相连，如第二绝热管件121的外端与第四套管组件123通过连接结构相连，或者焊接相连；第四套管组件123与外筒4固定相连，如第四套管组件123可与外筒4焊接相连。这样，可使得第二绝热管件121和第四套管组件123与外筒4的相对位置保持固定。
在一些实施例中，如图7和图8所示，第三套管组件122包括第三套管1221和第三垫板1222，其中，第三套管1221构造为圆形管状，且第三套管1221的内径大于且接近第二绝热管件121的内端的外径，以使第二绝热管件121可伸至第三套管1221内与第三套管1221固定相连。第三垫板1222与第三套管1221固定相连，如可将第三垫板1222与第三套管1221焊接相连，或二者可为一体成型。
如图7、图8和图9所示，第三套管1221套设于第二绝热管件121的内端，以使第三套管组件122与第二绝热管件121相对固定，且二者可连接为一个整体共同安装于内筒3和外筒4之间。其中，如图7和图8所示，第三套管1221与第二绝热管件121通过螺栓21、螺母22和弹簧垫圈23配合相连，以使第三套管1221和第二绝热管件121可相对拆卸，其中，第三垫板1222与内筒3的外周壁可焊接相连。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，第四套管组件123包括第四套管1231和第四垫板1232，第四套管1231构造为圆管状，且第四套管1231的内径大于且接近第二绝热管件121的外端的外径，以使第二绝热管件121可伸至第四套管1231内与第四套管1231固定相连。第四套管1231和第四垫板1232固定相连，如第四套管1231的端部可与第四垫板1232的表面焊接相连，或者二者可为一体成型，从而使得第四套管1231与第四垫板1232可一同使用。其中，第四套管1231与第四垫板1232朝向内筒3的一侧相连。
如图7所示，外筒4设有第二安装孔42，第二安装孔42沿外筒4的周壁沿径向贯通，在实际安装时，可将第四套管1231从外筒4的外部由第二安装孔42处伸至外筒4内以与第二绝热管件121相连，从而使得第四套管1231与第二绝热管件121固定相连，第四垫板1232位于外筒4外，且第四垫板1232的宽度尺寸大于第二安装孔42的孔径，使得第四垫板1232能够在第二安装孔42的外部起到封闭的作用，且第四垫板1232与外筒4的外周壁贴合并焊接固定。
在一些实施例中，如图8和图9所示，第二绝热管件121包括第二绝热管1211、第三绝热件1212和第四绝热件1213，第三绝热件1212和第四绝热件1213安装于第二绝热管1211内。其中，第二绝热管1211用于与第三套管1221和第四套管1231连接配合，即第二绝热管1211的内端伸至第三套管1221内且与第三套管1221通过螺栓21、螺母22和弹簧垫圈23可拆卸地相连，以使第二绝热管1211和第三套管1221能够灵活地拆装，且第二绝热管1211的外端伸至第四套管1231内且与第四套管1231可焊接相连， 以实现二者的固定相连。
其中，第三绝热件1212和第四绝热件1213能够在内筒3和外筒4之间起到绝热的作用，以隔绝过多的热量从内筒3传递到外筒4，从而利于减小液氢气瓶100的漏热量。
第三绝热件1212和第四绝热件1213沿内筒3的径向由内向外依次分布，即第三绝热件1212位于第四绝热件1213的内侧，以在内筒3的热量从内向外传递时，需依次经过第三绝热件1212和第四绝热件1213，即增大了热量传递的难度，且第三绝热件1212的厚度小于第四绝热件1213的厚度，使得第三绝热件1212不仅能够起到隔热的作用，还可起到一定的缓冲作用。其中，第三绝热件1212与第四绝热件1213为不同材料制成，以使二者具有不同的结构性能。如第三绝热件1212为双层结构，且一层为铝箔，另一层为玻璃纤维纸，第四绝热件1213为玻璃纤维棉制成。
本公开还提出了一种氢燃料电池系统。
根据本公开实施例的氢燃料电池系统，设置有上述任一种实施例的液氢气瓶100，通过在内筒3和外筒4之间设置用于径向支撑的第一支撑结构11和第二支撑结构12，可使得内筒3稳定地支撑于外筒4内，且通过此支撑方式，利于降低液氢气瓶100的漏热量，保证气瓶的绝热性能。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，“第一特征”、“第二特征”可以包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本公开的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”或“之下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。
在本公开的描述中，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具 体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，包括：
    内筒(3)和外筒(4)，所述内筒(3)安装于所述外筒(4)内，且与所述外筒(4)在径向上间隔开；
    绝热支撑组件(1)，所述绝热支撑组件(1)沿径向支撑于所述内筒(3)和所述外筒(4)之间，且所述绝热支撑组件(1)包括沿所述内筒(3)的轴向间隔开布置的第一支撑结构(11)和第二支撑结构(12)；其中
    所述第一支撑结构(11)的外端与所述外筒(4)固定相连且内端与所述内筒(3)滑动配合，所述第二支撑结构(12)的外端和内端分别与所述外筒(4)和所述内筒(3)固定相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑结构(11)包括：
    第一绝热管件(111)；
    第一套管组件(112)，所述第一套管组件(112)套设于所述第一绝热管件(111)的内端，所述第一套管组件(112)与所述内筒(3)滑动配合；
    第二套管组件(113)，所述第二套管组件(113)套设于所述第一绝热管件(111)的外端，所述第二套管组件(113)与所述外筒(4)固定相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第一套管组件(112)包括第一套管(1121)、第一垫板(1122)和滑动垫(1123)，所述第一垫板(1122)和所述滑动垫(1123)叠置相连，所述第一套管(1121)设于所述第一垫板(1122)背离所述滑动垫(1123)的一侧；其中
    所述第一套管(1121)套设于所述第一绝热管件(111)的内端，所述滑动垫(1123)与所述内筒(3)的外周壁滑动配合。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第二套管组件(113)包括第二套管(1131)和第二垫板(1132)，所述第二套管(1131)与所述第二垫板(1132)朝向所述内筒(3)的一侧相连；其中
    所述外筒(4)设有第一安装孔(41)，所述第二垫板(1132)贴合固定于所述外筒(4)的外周壁，所述第二套管(1131)穿过所述第一安装孔(41)伸至所述外筒(4)内以与所述第一绝热管件(111)相连。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第一绝热管件(111)包括第一绝热管(1111)和安装于所述第一绝热管(1111)内的第一绝热件(1112)和第二绝热件(1113)，所述第一绝热管(1111)的两端分别与所述第一套管组件(112)和所述第二套管组件(113)套接配合；
    所述第一绝热件(1112)和所述第二绝热件(1113)沿所述内筒(3)的径向由内向外依次分 布，且所述第一绝热件(1112)的厚度小于所述第二绝热件(1113)的厚度。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑结构(12)包括：
    第二绝热管件(121)；
    第三套管组件(122)，所述第三套管组件(122)套设于所述第二绝热管件(121)的内端，所述第三套管组件(122)与所述内筒(3)固定相连；
    第四套管组件(123)，所述第四套管组件(123)套设于所述第二绝热管件(121)的外端，所述第四套管组件(123)与所述外筒(4)固定相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第三套管组件(122)包括第三套管(1221)、第三垫板(1222)，所述第三套管(1221)设于所述第三垫板(1222)背离所述内筒(3)的一侧；其中
    所述第三套管(1221)套设于所述第二绝热管件(121)的内端，所述第三垫板(1222)与所述内筒(3)的外周壁固定相连。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第四套管组件(123)包括第四套管(1231)和第四垫板(1232)，所述第四套管(1231)与所述第四垫板(1232)朝向所述内筒(3)的一侧相连；其中
    所述外筒(4)设有第二安装孔(42)，所述第四垫板(1232)贴合固定于所述外筒(4)的外周壁，所述第四套管(1231)穿过所述第二安装孔(42)以伸至所述外筒(4)内与所述第二绝热管件(121)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的液氢气瓶(100)，其特征在于，所述第二绝热管件(121)包括第二绝热管(1211)和安装于所述第二绝热管(1211)内的第三绝热件(1212)和第四绝热件(1213)，所述第二绝热管(1211)的两端分别与所述第三套管组件(122)和所述第四套管组件(123)套接配合；
    所述第三绝热件(1212)和所述第四绝热件(1213)沿所述内筒(3)的径向由内向外依次分布，且所述第三绝热件(1212)的厚度小于所述第四绝热件(1213)的厚度。
  10. 一种氢燃料电池系统，其特征在于，设置有权利要求1-9中任一项所述的液氢气瓶(100)。
PCT/CN2022/140371 2021-12-20 2022-12-20 液氢气瓶和氢燃料电池系统 WO2023116694A1 (zh)

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WO2005100210A1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-27 China International Marine Containers (Group) Co., Ltd. Super-vacuum insulation tank for cryogenic liquefied gas
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