WO2023109462A1 - 拉拔装置及拉拔系统 - Google Patents

拉拔装置及拉拔系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023109462A1
WO2023109462A1 PCT/CN2022/134104 CN2022134104W WO2023109462A1 WO 2023109462 A1 WO2023109462 A1 WO 2023109462A1 CN 2022134104 W CN2022134104 W CN 2022134104W WO 2023109462 A1 WO2023109462 A1 WO 2023109462A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve seat
pulling
pulling device
force
clamping
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PCT/CN2022/134104
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘韦辰
菅保国
邓文杰
李朋
张树林
王继鑫
Original Assignee
烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023109462A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023109462A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/04—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of a Verseaux drawing device, in particular to a drawing device and a drawing system.
  • the present disclosure provides a pulling device comprising:
  • a plurality of drawing parts including a first end and a second end, the first end is used for clamping with the bottom end of the valve seat, and the second end is used for connecting with the driving part;
  • a plurality of the drawing parts are arranged in the pump chamber of the valve seat, and the plurality of the drawing parts are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the pump chamber;
  • the supporting member is disposed inside the plurality of drawing members and abuts against the drawing members under force to limit the radial displacement between the first end of the drawing members and the valve seat.
  • the supporting member is in a cylindrical shape, and a peripheral side of the supporting member forms the force-bearing abutting surface.
  • the support member includes an assembly portion, and the support member is detachably connected to the first end of the puller through the assembly portion.
  • valve seat includes a centralizing sleeve
  • the centralizing sleeve is arranged at the bottom end of the valve seat, the first end of the drawing member is engaged with the centralizing sleeve
  • the centralizing sleeve includes a limiting part, and the assembly part is assembled and connected with the limiting part in the axial direction of the pump chamber.
  • the assembling part is a shaft structure
  • the limiting part is a shaft hole
  • the centralizing sleeve and the support part are detachably connected to the shaft hole through the shaft part.
  • the support includes:
  • the guide part is a circular truncated structure, the upper bottom surface of the guide part faces the first end of the drawing part, and the lower bottom surface of the guide part faces the second end of the drawing part;
  • the support part is a cylindrical structure, one end is smoothly connected to the lower bottom surface of the guide part, and the side surface of the support part forms a force bearing surface with the drawing part.
  • the first end of the drawing member is provided with a first clip
  • the bottom end of the valve seat is provided with a second clip
  • the first clip is connected to the The second clamping member cooperates to limit the relative displacement between the drawing member and the valve seat
  • the second end of the puller is provided with a third clip
  • the driving member includes a fourth clip
  • the third clip is engaged with the fourth clip, so that the Relative displacement between the driving part and the plurality of pulling parts.
  • the first clip is a boss structure extending toward the side of the valve seat
  • the third clip is a boss structure extending toward the inside of the pump chamber .
  • a pulling system including the above-mentioned pulling device.
  • the first ends of the plurality of drawing parts are clamped with the valve seat, and the second ends are connected with the driving part, and the plurality of drawing parts are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the pump chamber of the valve seat,
  • the support member is forced to abut against the inner sides of the plurality of drawing members, so that the connection between the drawing member and the drawing member is always maintained.
  • the force clamping of the valve seat avoids radial displacement between the first end of the drawing part and the bottom end of the valve seat, so that the valve seat and the drawing part maintain a stable clamping connection state, thereby improving the stability and drawing efficiency of the valve seat and the drawn parts during the drawing process, and avoiding repeated drawing damage to the parts in the valve seat.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a drawing member in a drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a support in a drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a part of a drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a partial structure in the drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the centralizing sleeve in the pulling device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a driving member in a drawing device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a drawing system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a drawing system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Driving part 301. Fourth clamping part; 302. First rod body; 303. Second rod body;
  • valve body assembly During the operation of the cementing pump, the suction valve body assembly and the discharge valve body assembly of each cylinder of the fluid end assembly must be switched once in each sprint of the plunger.
  • the valve body assembly is installed in the tapered hole matched with the valve box, which is an interference fit.
  • the valve body assembly gradually tightens the valve seat assembly under the action of high-pressure liquid.
  • the valve seat assembly is a vulnerable part, and it needs to be replaced regularly due to wear and tear in the continuous switching of the valve body assembly.
  • the valve seat requires a maximum pulling force of 150kN to be pulled out during the disassembly process, so it is necessary to design a special pulling tool to disassemble the valve seat assembly.
  • the first ends 101 of the plurality of drawing members 10 are clamped with the valve seat 20, and the second ends 102 are connected with the driving member 30, and the plurality of drawing members 10
  • the pieces 10 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the pump chamber 201 of the valve seat 20.
  • the support piece 40 is pressed against the The inner side of a plurality of the drawing parts 10 also maintains the force clamping connection between the drawing parts 10 and the valve seat 20, so as to avoid the first end 101 of the drawing part 10 from connecting with the valve seat 20.
  • the pulling claws can be assembled into the pump cavity 201 of the valve seat 20, and the plurality of pulling claws pass through the first end 101 is clamped with the bottom end of the valve seat 20, and the driving member 30 can drive the valve seat 20 to move in the axial direction by pulling the second end 102 of the pulling claw to achieve the purpose of disassembly.
  • the drawing member 10 includes a first side 103 and a second side 104, the first side 103 faces the valve seat 20, and serves as a surface in force contact with the valve seat 20, the second side
  • the two side surfaces 104 face the support member 40 and serve as force contact surfaces with the support member 40 , so that the drawing member 10 is clamped between the support member 40 and the valve seat 20 , the support member 40 prevents the puller 10 from moving radially between the puller 10 during the axial movement, which will affect the puller 10 and the valve seat The stability of snapping between 20.
  • a plurality of the drawing parts 10 are arranged in the pump chamber 201, so that the axial length of the drawing parts 10 is the same as the axial length of the pump chamber 201 of the valve seat 20, Multiple supports 40 may be provided, or the support 40 may have a certain axial length, so as to increase the force abutment between the support 40 and the second side 104 of the drawing member 10 in the axial direction.
  • the area of the surface 50 further prevents a plurality of drawing members 10 from radially shrinking toward the inner side of the pump cavity 201 at a position away from the second end 102 of the drawing member 10, so as to maintain the first side surface 103 of the drawing member 10
  • the force abutting with the valve seat 20 at different positions in the axial direction avoids deformation or bending of the drawing part 10 and improves the stability during the drawing process.
  • the driving member 30 is a screw rod
  • the screw rod includes a drawing end (not marked in the figure), and the drawing end can be engaged with the second end 102 of the drawing member 10 , the second end 102 of the drawing member 10 is made to abut against the inner wall of the pump chamber 201 of the valve seat 20, and the drawing member 10 can be pulled to move in the axial direction of the inner hole of the valve box 60, through the The drawing end limits the radial displacement between the second end 102 of the drawing member 10 and the valve seat 20 .
  • first end 101 of the drawing member 10 is provided with a first clamping member 105
  • bottom end of the valve seat 20 is provided with a second The clamping member 203, the first clamping member 105 and the second clamping member 203 cooperate and clamp to limit the relative displacement between the drawing member 10 and the valve seat 20;
  • the second end 102 of the drawing member 10 is provided with a third engaging member 106
  • the driving member 30 includes a fourth engaging member 301
  • the third engaging member 106 and the fourth engaging member 301 The relative displacement between the driving member 30 and the plurality of pulling members 10 is achieved through the clamping connection.
  • the first clamping member 105 is a boss structure extending toward the side of the valve seat 20, and the second clamping member 203 is a concave groove adapted to the first clamping member 105. Groove; and then make the first clamping member 105 and the radial concave-convex of the second clamping member 203 engage with each other;
  • the third clamping member 106 is a boss structure extending toward the inner side of the pump chamber 201
  • the fourth clamping member 301 is a groove adapted to the third clamping member 106, so that the first The three clamping parts 106 and the fourth clamping part 301 are engaged in concave-convex cooperation, and then, when the driving part 30 drives the drawing part 10 to move axially, through the first clamping part 105 and the The second clamping part 203, and the third clamping part 106 and the fourth clamping part 301 can drive the drawing part 10, the valve seat 20 and the driving part 30 in an axial direction synchronously. Displacement, and then achieve stable drawing.
  • the pulling end of the driving member 30 is formed with a fourth engaging member 301 to further improve the stability of the assembly between the driving member 30 and the drawing member 10 .
  • the driving member 30 includes a first rod body 302 and a second rod body 303.
  • the first rod body 302 is used to extend into the valve box 60 to pull the second ends 102 of a plurality of the drawing members 10. Move axially to pull the valve seat 20 with the centralizing sleeve 202 to move axially, and the second rod body 303 is used to assemble and connect with the valve seat 20 without the centralizing sleeve 202 and the hydraulic system.
  • the outer periphery of the first rod body 302 does not need to be provided with threads to improve assembly efficiency.
  • the outer periphery of the second rod body 303 is provided with threads, which are assembled and connected with the valve seat 20 without the centralizing sleeve 202 and the hydraulic system through the threads.
  • a force abutment surface 50 between the support member 40 and the drawing member 10 there is a force abutment surface 50 between the support member 40 and the drawing member 10, and the force abutment surface 50 is an arc shape.
  • the supporting member 40 has a plurality of abutting surfaces (not shown in the figure), and the abutting surfaces are used to abut against the second side 104 of the drawing member 10 under force, and the abutting surfaces are in contact with the second side 104 of the drawing member 10.
  • a force-bearing contact surface 50 is formed between the second side surfaces 104 of the drawing member 10 , and the force-receiving contact surface 50 is an arc-shaped surface to improve the distance between the drawing member 10 and the support member 40 . The stability of the force abutment.
  • the drawing member 10 is formed into an annular columnar structure, so that the first side 103 of the drawing member 10 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the pump cavity 201 , and the drawing member 10
  • the second side 104 can completely fit with the driving member 30 such as the screw rod, so as to improve the stability during the drawing process.
  • the number of the drawing members 10 corresponds to the number of the abutting surfaces one by one.
  • the area of the second side surface 104 is equal to the area of the abutment surface, or the area of the abutment surface is larger than the area of the second side surface 104 to further improve Stability between the drawing member 10 and the supporting member 40 .
  • the support member 40 is cylindrical, and the peripheral side of the support member 40 forms the force bearing surface 50 , so that the support member 40 has a certain
  • the axial extension length of the support member 40 makes the peripheral side of the support member 40 an abutment surface, and the axis of the support member 40 coincides with the axis of the pump chamber 201 to improve the force resistance of the different drawing members 10.
  • the stability of the junction 50 is not limited to a certain
  • the support member 40 includes an assembly portion 401
  • the support member 40 is detachably connected to the first end 101 of the drawing member 10 through the assembly portion 401, and the assembly portion 401 can be set as a buckle, which is engaged with the first end 101 of the drawing member 10, so as to avoid axial displacement between the support member 40 and the drawing member 10 during the drawing process.
  • the stability of abutment under force is improved, and radial contraction between the first ends 101 of the plurality of drawing members 10 is avoided.
  • valve seat 20 includes a centralizing sleeve 202
  • the centralizing sleeve 202 is arranged at the bottom end of the valve seat 20, and the pulling The first end 101 of the part 10 is clamped with the centralizing sleeve 202
  • the centralizing sleeve 202 includes a limiting portion 221
  • the assembly portion 401 and the limiting portion 221 are assembled in the axial direction of the pump chamber 201 connect.
  • the centering sleeve 202 is used to position the valve seat 20 and the valve box 60 to avoid tilting.
  • the centering sleeve 202 is provided with the limiting portion 221, and after the assembly portion 401 is assembled with the limiting portion 221, on the one hand, the position of the support member 40 is limited, and on the other hand, the position passing through the limiting portion 221 is controlled.
  • the portion 221 prevents the supporting member 40 from moving axially relative to the drawing member 10 .
  • the limiting portion 221 is set at the center of the centering sleeve 202 , and when the assembling portion 401 is set at the center of the support member 40 , it can pass through the assembling portion
  • the assembly of 401 and the stopper 221 enables the support member 40 to set the axial position of the pump chamber 201, so as to further improve the force abutment between the support member 40 and the different drawing members 10 stability.
  • the radial movement of a certain drawing member 10 that effectively avoids the occurrence of uneven force into the pump chamber 201 is relatively large, so that the first end 101 of the drawing member 10 and the clamping connection between the first end 101 of the drawing member 10 and the valve seat 20 unstable situation.
  • the assembly part 401 is a shaft structure
  • the limiting part 221 is a shaft hole
  • the centering sleeve 202 and the support member 40 pass through the shaft.
  • the piece is detachably connected with the shaft hole.
  • the shaft member is assembled and connected with the shaft hole, and the limiting portion 221 is located on the same axis as the fitting portion 401 and coincides with the axis of the pump chamber 201 .
  • the support 40 includes a handle part 404, the handle 404 and the assembly part 401 are arranged at both ends of the support 40, and the support 40 is facilitated by the handle 404
  • the support member 40 can be manually installed between the plurality of drawing members 10 , or the support member 40 can be conveniently taken out from the plurality of drawing members 10 through the handle 404 , so as to improve assembly efficiency.
  • the support member 40 includes:
  • the guide part 402 is a circular truncated structure, the upper bottom surface of the guide part 402 faces the first end 101 of the drawing part 10, and the lower bottom surface of the guide part 402 faces the first end 101 of the drawing part 10.
  • the support part 403 is a cylindrical structure, one end of which is smoothly connected to the lower bottom surface of the guide part 402 , and the side surface of the support part 403 and the drawing part 10 form a force bearing surface 50 .
  • the side of the guide part 402 facilitates the assembly and positioning of the support 40 and improves the assembly efficiency.
  • the support part 403 is a cylindrical structure, and the side of the support part 403 is in line with the The lower bottom surface is smoothly connected, and then, the tapered side of the guide part can be used to reduce the size of the support member 40 assembled from the second end 102 of the drawing member 10 to the first end 101 of the drawing member 10. process resistance to avoid tilting.
  • the support part 403 is a cylindrical structure with a certain axial extension length, so as to form a stable force-bearing abutment between the support part 403 and the plurality of drawing members 10 .
  • the assembly part 401 is assembled on the upper bottom surface of the guide part 402, and the handle part 404 is arranged on the side of the support part 403 facing the second end 102 of the drawing part 10, so The handle portion 404 can be disposed in the middle of the support portion 403 to avoid tilting of the support member 40 during assembly.
  • Threads (not shown in the figure) or anti-skid corrugations (not shown in the figure) are provided on the outer periphery of the handle portion 404 to improve the assembly efficiency of workers.
  • a pulling system 200 including the above-mentioned pulling device 100 .
  • the current common drawing system 200 of the valve seat 20 mainly includes a drawing device 100, a hydraulic system, a screw rod, a pulling claw structure in contact with the valve seat 20 under force and Pull nut structure.
  • the valve body assembly needs to ensure the coaxiality with the valve seat 20 assembly during operation.
  • the pulling claw structure When the pulling claw structure is used to disassemble the conventional valve seat 20 with no centralizing sleeve 202 structure, the inner circle of the pulling claw is provided with a full thread, and the lead screw must be completely screwed into the full thread (that is, the bottom of the valve seat 20) to ensure Pulling claws are evenly stressed.
  • the Verse 20 with the structure of the centering sleeve 202 because the centering sleeve 202 is located at the bottom of the Verse, interferes with the lead screw, the lead screw cannot be screwed in enough length to assemble and connect with the Verse 20 from the bottom of the Verse 20 , so the force on the pulling claw is not uniform at different positions in the axial direction.
  • the drawing device 100 includes an extender (equivalent to the support member 40), a pulling claw (equivalent to the drawing member 10), an O-ring (not marked in the figure), a clip (not marked in the figure), a method The blue plate (not marked in the figure), the nut (not marked in the figure), the screw mandrel (equivalent to the driving part 30) and the hydraulic system 70 assembly.
  • the support 40 is a truncated circular structure with a guide column (equivalent to the assembly part 401).
  • the guide column cooperates with the centering sleeve 202 of the valve seat 20, and the outer circular surface of the circular platform (equivalent to the support part 403) will pull The pulling claws are stretched to ensure that the flanging of the pulling claws (corresponding to the first clamping member 105 ) is stably and reliably buckled on the end surface of the bottom of the valve seat 20 during the pulling process.
  • the pulling claw is divided into two parts, and is provided with a flanging (corresponding to the first clamping piece 105 ), a stepped hole (corresponding to the third clamping piece 106 ), an outer circular shoulder and an O-ring groove.
  • the inner hole of the pulling claw cooperates with the outer circular surface of the extender (equivalent to the abutment surface), the flanging cooperates with the end surface of the bottom of the valve seat 20, and the step hole (equivalent to the third clamping piece 106) cooperates with the round platform at the bottom of the screw rod (equivalent to Cooperate with the fourth clamping member 301) to ensure that the pulling claw can follow the screw rod and move upward under the action of the hydraulic system;
  • the O-ring groove ensures that the two parts of the pulling claws are integrated and can be adjusted symmetrically during installation.
  • the cooperation between the outer shoulder and the clamp ensures that the pulling claw is a rigid whole in the process of pulling the valve seat 20 and will not open.
  • the bottom of the screw rod is provided with a shoulder surface that matches the shoulder hole of the drawing claw, and the two ends of the remaining part are internal threads that cooperate with the nut, and the middle part is a polished rod (equivalent to the first rod body 302), which saves 20 valve seats in the drawing.
  • the thread engagement length of the assembly is provided.
  • the flange plate is a cylindrical plate with steps, which is matched with the threaded inner hole of the valve box 60, and serves to provide a horizontal plane for the hydraulic system.
  • the nut is an outer hexagonal nut, which is matched with the top of the second rod body 303 of the screw mandrel.
  • the hydraulic system 70 includes a hydraulic cylinder and a hand oil pump, which exerts force on the screw mandrel and controls the pulling claws to pull the valve seat 20 out. Hydraulic system 70 also can use other electric power that provides pulling force, mechanical structure replaces.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

本案公开了拉拔装置（100）及拉拔系统（200）。其中，拉拔装置（100）包括多个拉拔件（10）及支撑件（40），拉拔件（10）包括第一端（101）及第二端（102），第一端（101）用于与凡尔座（20）底端卡接，第二端（102）用于与驱动件（30）连接；多个拉拔件（10）设置于凡尔座（20）的泵腔（201）内，且多个拉拔件（10）沿泵腔（201）周向间隔设置；支撑件（40）设置于多个拉拔件（10）的内侧，且与拉拔件（10）受力抵接，以限定拉拔件（10）第一端（101）与凡尔座（20）之间的径向位移。

Description

拉拔装置及拉拔系统
相关申请的引用
本公开要求于2021年12月14日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202111530147.8、名称为“拉拔装置及拉拔系统”的发明专利申请请的全部权益，并通过引用的方式将其全部内容并入本文。
领域
本公开涉及凡尔座拉拔装置技术领域，尤其涉及拉拔装置及拉拔系统。
背景
在对凡尔座进行拆卸时，需要使用在凡尔座的泵腔内装配多个拉拔爪，使拉拔爪的一端与凡尔座端部径向卡接后，再通过动力装置拉动拉拔爪进行拆卸。目前的带有扶正套的凡尔座在拉拔的过程中，由于扶正套位于凡尔座的内孔，丝杆只能与拉拔爪的另一端卡接后，来带动拉拔爪轴向移动。由于多个拉拔爪之间存在间隔空隙，在拆卸过程中，多个拉拔爪之间会产生向泵腔内侧径向收缩的位移，导致拉拔爪与凡尔座之间无法稳定卡接，降低了拉拔的成功率，工人不得不重复拉拔过程，这样不仅减低消耗较多的时间，严重的可能导致凡尔座内的零件损坏，提高了拆卸成本。
概述
根据本公开的一个方面，本公开提供了拉拔装置，包括：
多个拉拔件，包括第一端及第二端，所述第一端用于与凡尔座底端卡接，所述第二端用于与驱动件连接；
多个所述拉拔件设置于凡尔座的泵腔内，且多个所述拉拔件沿所述泵腔周向间隔设置；
支撑件，设置于多个所述拉拔件的内侧，且与所述拉拔件受力抵接，以限定所述拉拔件第一端与所述凡尔座之间的径向位移。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件与所述拉拔件之间具有受力抵接面，所述受力抵接面为弧形面。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件呈圆柱状，所述支撑件的周侧形成所述受力抵接面。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件包括装配部，所述支撑件通过所述装配部与所述拉拔件的第一端可拆卸连接。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述凡尔座包括扶正套，所述扶正套设置于所述凡尔座的底端，所述拉拔件的第一端与所述扶正套卡接，所述扶正套包括限位部，所述装配部与所述限位部在所述泵腔的轴向上装配连接。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述装配部为轴件结构，所述限位部为轴孔，所述扶正套与所述支撑件通过所述轴件与所述轴孔可拆卸连接。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件包括：
导引部，为圆台结构，所述导引部的上底面面向所述拉拔件的第一端，且所述导引部的下底面面向所述拉拔件的第二端；
支撑部，为圆柱结构，一端与所述导引部的下底面光滑连接，所述支撑部的侧面与所述拉拔件形成受力抵接面。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述拉拔件的第一端设置有第一卡接件，所述凡尔座底端设置有第二卡接件，所述第一卡接件与所述第二卡接件配合卡接，以限定所述拉拔件与所述凡尔座之间的相对位移；
所述拉拔件的第二端设置有第三卡接件，所述驱动件包括第四卡接件，所述第三卡接件与所述第四卡接件配合卡接，以所述驱动件与多个所述拉拔件之间相对位移。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述第一卡接件为面向所述凡尔座一侧延伸的凸台结构，所述第三卡接件为面向所述泵腔内侧延伸的凸台结构。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供拉拔系统，包括上述的拉拔装置。
在某些实施方案中，多个拉拔件的第一端与凡尔座卡接，第二端与驱动件连接，多个拉拔件间隔设置于所述凡尔座的泵腔周向上，在驱动进带动拉拔件第二端沿泵腔的轴向移动时，所述支撑件受力抵接于多个所述拉拔件的内侧，也就始终维持所述拉拔件与所述凡尔座的受力卡接，避免所述拉拔件的第一端与所述凡尔座的底端出现径向位移，使凡尔座与所述拉拔件之间维持稳定地卡接状态，进而提高凡尔座与拉拔件拉拔过程中的稳定性及拉拔效率，避免反复拉拔损坏凡尔座内的零件。
附图的简要说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置的截面结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中拉拔件的立体结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中支撑件的立体结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中部分结构截面结构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中部分结构的另一截面结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中扶正套的立体结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的拉拔装置中驱动件的立体结构示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的拉拔系统的截面结构示意图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的拉拔系统的立体结构示意图。
其中：
100、拉拔装置；
10、拉拔件；
101、第一端；102、第二端；
103、第一侧面；104、第二侧面；
105、第一卡接件；106、第三卡接件；
200、拉拔系统；
20、凡尔座；
201、泵腔；202、扶正套；221、限位部；203、第二卡接件；
30、驱动件；301、第四卡接件；302、第一杆体；303、第二杆体；
40、支撑件；
401、装配部；402、导引部；403、支撑部；404、手持部；
50、受力抵接面；
60、阀箱；70、液压系统。
详述
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在固井泵在作业过程中，液力端总成的每个缸的吸入凡尔体总成和排出凡尔体总成在柱塞每一个冲刺中均要各开关一次。凡尔体总成安装在与阀箱配合的锥孔内，为过盈配合。在凡尔体总成的不断开关过程中，凡尔体总成在高压液体的作用下将凡尔座总成逐渐砸紧。但凡尔座总成属于易损件，在凡尔体总成的不断开关中出现磨损需要定期更换。凡尔座在拆卸过程中需要最大150kN的拉力才能拉出，因此需设计专用的拉拔工具对凡尔座总成进行拆卸。
在对凡尔座进行拆卸时，需要使用在凡尔座的泵腔内装配多个拉拔爪，使拉拔爪的一端与凡尔座端部径向卡接后，再通过动力装置拉动拉拔爪进行拆卸。目前的带有扶正套的凡尔座在拉拔的过程中，由于扶正套位于凡尔座的内孔，丝杆只能与拉拔爪的另一端卡接后，来带动拉拔爪轴向移动。由于多个拉拔爪之间存在间隔空隙，在拆卸过程中，多个拉拔爪之间会产生向泵腔内侧径向收缩的位移，导致拉拔爪与凡尔座之间无法稳定卡接，降低了拉拔的成功率，工人不得不重复拉拔过程，这样不仅减低消耗较多的时间，严重的可能导致凡尔座内的零件损坏，提高了拆卸成本。为了解决现有技术中拉拔装置与凡尔座之间无法时间稳定卡接的技术问题，提供能够实现与凡尔座之间稳定卡接的拉拔装置及拉拔系统。
参考图1-图3所示，在拉拔装置100中，通过多个拉拔件10的第一端101与凡尔座20卡接，第二端102与驱动件30连接，多个拉拔件10间隔设置于所述凡尔座20的泵腔201周向上，在驱动进带动拉拔件10第二端102沿泵腔201的轴向移动时，所述支撑件40受力抵接于多个所述拉拔件10的内侧，也就始终维持所述拉拔件10与所述凡尔座20的受力卡接，避免所述拉拔件10的第一端101与所述凡尔座20的底端出现径向位移，使凡尔座20与所述拉拔件10之间维持稳定地卡接状态，进而提高凡尔座20与拉拔件10拉拔过程中的稳定性及拉拔效率，避免反复拉拔损坏凡尔座20内的零件。
在一实施例中，多个所述拉拔件10之间具有间隔，以便于将拉拔爪装配到所述凡尔座20 的泵腔201内，多个所述拉拔爪通过第一端101与所述凡尔座20的底端实现卡接，所述驱动件30能够通过拉动所述拉拔爪的第二端102带动凡尔座20在轴向移动进行实现拆卸的目的。
所述拉拔件10包括第一侧面103及第二侧面104，所述第一侧面103面向与所述凡尔座20，且作为与所述凡尔座20受力接触的面，所述第二侧面104面向所述支撑件40，且作为与所述支撑件40受力接触面，进而，使所述拉拔件10被夹设于所述支撑件40与所述凡尔座20之间，通过所述支撑件40避免所述拉拔件10在轴向移动的过程中，多个所述拉拔件10之间出现径向移动，影响所述拉拔件10与所述凡尔座20之间卡接的稳定性。
在一实施例中，多个所述拉拔件10设置在所述泵腔201内，使所述拉拔件10的轴向长度与所述凡尔座20的泵腔201轴向长度相同，所述支撑件40可设置多个，或使所述支撑件40具有一定的轴向长度，以增加所述支撑件40与所述拉拔件10第二侧面104在轴向的受力抵接面50的面积，进一步防止远离所述拉拔件10第二端102位置处，多个拉拔件10向所述泵腔201内侧径向收缩，以维持所述拉拔件10第一侧面103与所述凡尔座20之间轴向不同位置处的受力抵接，避免所述拉拔件10出现变形或弯曲，提高拉拔过程中的稳定性。
在一实施例中，所述驱动件30为丝杆，所述丝杆包括拉拔端(图中未标注)，所述拉拔端能够与所述拉拔件10的第二端102卡接，使所述拉拔件10的第二端102抵接于所述凡尔座20的泵腔201的内壁，能够拉动所述拉拔件10在阀箱60内孔的轴向移动，通过所述拉拔端限制所述拉拔件10的第二端102与所述凡尔座20之间的径向位移。
参考图1及图2所示，根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述拉拔件10的第一端101设置有第一卡接件105，所述凡尔座20底端设置有第二卡接件203，所述第一卡接件105与所述第二卡接件203配合卡接，以限定所述拉拔件10与所述凡尔座20之间的相对位移；
所述拉拔件10的第二端102设置有第三卡接件106，所述驱动件30包括第四卡接件301，所述第三卡接件106与所述第四卡接件301配合卡接，以所述驱动件30与多个所述拉拔件10之间相对位移。
作为示例，其中所述第一卡接件105为面向所述凡尔座20一侧延伸的凸台结构，所述第二卡接件203为与所述第一卡接件105适配的凹槽；进而使所述第一卡接件105与所述第二卡接件203的在径向上的凹凸配合卡接；
所述第三卡接件106为面向所述泵腔201内侧延伸的凸台结构，所述第四卡接件301为与所述第三卡接件106适配的凹槽，使所述第三卡接件106与所述第四卡接件301凹凸配合卡接，进而，实现所述驱动件30带动所述拉拔件10轴向移动时，通过所述第一卡接件105及所述第二卡接件203，及所述第三卡接件106与所述第四卡接件301实现带动所述拉拔件10及所述凡尔座20与所述驱动件30同步轴向位移，进而实现稳定的拉拔。
在一实施例中，所述驱动件30的拉拔端形成有第四卡接件301，以进一步提高驱动件30与所述拉拔件10之间装配的稳定性。
参考图7所示，所述驱动件30包括第一杆体302及第二杆体303，所述第一杆体302用于伸入阀箱60内，拉动多个所述拉拔件10第二端102轴向移动，以拉动带有扶正套202凡尔座20轴向移动，所述第二杆体303用于与未装配扶正套202的凡尔座20及液压系统装配连接。
所述第一杆体302外周无需设置螺纹，以提高装配效率，所述第二杆体303外周设置有螺纹，通过螺纹与未装配扶正套202的凡尔座20及液压系统装配连接。
参考图4及图5所示，根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件40与所述拉拔件10之间具有受力抵接面50，所述受力抵接面50为弧形面。
作为示例，所述支撑件40具有多个抵接面(图中未示出)，所述抵接面用于与拉拔件10的第二侧面104受力抵接，所述抵接面与所述拉拔件10的第二侧面104之间形成受力抵接面50，所述受力抵接面50为弧形面，以提高所述拉拔件10与所述支撑件40之间的受力抵接的稳定性。
在一实施例中，所述拉拔件10成环形的柱状结构，使所述拉拔件10的第一侧面103能够完全贴合在所述泵腔201的内壁，所述拉拔件10的第二侧面104与所述驱动件30如丝杆能够完全贴合，以提高拉拔过程中的稳定性。
参考图4所示，所述拉拔件10的数量与所述抵接面的数量一一对应。
在本公开的一实施方式中，使所述第二侧面104的面积与所述抵接面的面积相等，或使所述抵接面的面积大于所述第二侧面104的面积，以进一步提高所述拉拔件10与所述支撑件40之间的稳定性。
参考图5所示，根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件40呈圆柱状，所述支撑件40的周侧形成所述受力抵接面50，使所述支撑件40具有一定的轴向延伸长度，使所述支撑件40的周侧为抵接面，所述支撑件40的轴线与所述泵腔201的轴线重合，以提高对不同所述拉拔件10受力抵接面50的稳定性。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件40包括装配部401，所述支撑件40通过所述装配部401与所述拉拔件10的第一端101可拆卸连接，所述装配部401可设置为卡扣，与所述拉拔件10的第一端101卡接，进而避免在拉拔的过程中，所述支撑件40与所述拉拔件10之间出现轴向位移，提高受力抵接的稳定性，避免多个所述拉拔件10的第一端101之间出现径向收缩。
参考图1及图6所示，根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述凡尔座20包括扶正套202，所述扶正套202设置于所述凡尔座20的底端，所述拉拔件10的第一端101与所述扶正套202卡接，所述扶正套202包括限位部221，所述装配部401与所述限位部221在所述泵腔201的轴向上装配连接。
所述扶正套202用于对所述凡尔座20与所述阀箱60的位置进行定位，避免出现倾斜。
所述扶正套202设置所述限位部221，所述装配部401与所述限位部221装配后，一方面对所述支撑件40的位置进行限定，另一方面对通过所述限位部221避免所述支撑件40相对所述拉拔件10轴向移动。
在本公开的一实施方式中，所述限位部221设置于所述扶正套202的中心位置，所述装配部401设置于所述支撑件40的中心位置时，即可通过所述装配部401与所述限位部221的装配，使所述支撑件40设置所述泵腔201的轴线位置，以进一步提高所述支撑件40与不同所述拉拔件10之间的受力抵接的稳定性。有效避免受力不均出现的某一拉拔件10向所述泵腔201内的径向移动较大，使对应所述拉拔件10第一端101与所述凡尔座20的卡接不稳定的情况。
参考图3所示，根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述装配部401为轴件结构，所述限位部221为轴孔，所述扶正套202与所述支撑件40通过所述轴件与所述轴孔可拆卸连接。
所述轴件与所述轴孔装配连接，所述限位部221与所述装配部401位于同一轴线上，且与 所述泵腔201的轴线重合。
在一实施例中，所述支撑件40包括手持部404，所述手持部404与所述装配部401设置于所述支撑件40的两端，通过所述手持部404便于所述支撑件40人工安装到多个所述拉拔件10之间，或通过所述手持部404方便将所述支撑件40从多个所述拉拔件10中取出，提高装配效率。
根据本公开的一实施方式，其中所述支撑件40包括：
导引部402，为圆台结构，所述导引部402的上底面面向所述拉拔件10的第一端101，且所述导引部402的下底面面向所述拉拔件10的第二端102；
支撑部403，为圆柱结构，一端与所述导引部402的下底面光滑连接，所述支撑部403的侧面与所述拉拔件10形成受力抵接面50。
通过所述导引部402的侧面方便对所述支撑件40进行装配和定位，提高装配效率，所述支撑部403为圆柱结构，且所述支撑部403的侧面与所述导引部402的下底面光滑连接，进而，可通过所述引导部的锥形的侧面减小所述支撑件40在由所述拉拔件10的第二端102装配至所述拉拔件10第一端101过程中的阻力，避免出现倾斜。
所述支撑部403为具有一定轴向延伸长度的圆柱结构，以通过所述支撑部403与多个所述拉拔件10之间形成稳定的受力抵接。
在一实施例中，所述装配部401装配于所述导引部402的上底面，所述手持部404设置于所述支撑部403面向所述拉拔件10第二端102的侧面，所述手持部404可设置于所述支撑部403的中部，以避免所述支撑件40装配过程中发生倾斜。
所述手持部404外周设置螺纹(图中未示出)或防滑楞(图中未示出)，以提高工人的装配效率。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供拉拔系统200，包括上述的拉拔装置100。
参考图8及图9所示，目前常见的凡尔座20的拉拔系统200主要包括拉拔装置100、液压系统、丝杆，与凡尔座20接触受力抵接的拉拔爪结构和拉拔螺母结构。
凡尔体总成在运行过程种需保证与凡尔座20总成的同轴度。常见的导向型式有两种，一种为凡尔体总成有四个导向爪，通过导向爪与凡尔座20总成内孔配合定位。另一种为凡尔总成为导杆式凡尔体，通过上下导杆对凡尔体总成进行导向。
拉拔爪结构在用于拆卸常规无扶正套202结构凡尔座20时，该拉拔爪内圆设置全螺纹，丝杠需完全旋入全螺纹中(即凡尔座20底端)，保证拉拔爪受力均匀。
而带有扶正套202结构的凡尔座20，因扶正套202位于凡尔底端，与丝杠干涉，丝杠无法旋入足够长度从凡尔座20的底端与凡尔座20装配连接，因此拉拔爪在轴向不同位置处的受力不均匀。
所述拉拔装置100，包括延伸器(相当于支撑件40)、拉拔爪(相当于拉拔件10)、O形圈(图中未标注)、卡箍(图中未标注)、法兰盘(图中未标注)、螺母(图中未标注)、丝杆(相当于驱动件30)和液压系统70总成。
所述支撑件40为带导向柱(相当于装配部401)的圆台形结构，在使用中导向柱与凡尔座20扶正套202配合，圆台的外圆面(相当于支撑部403)将拉拔爪撑开，保证在拉拔过程中拉拔爪的翻边(相当于第一卡接件105)稳定可靠的扣接在凡尔座20底部的端面上。
拉拔爪分为两部分，设置有翻边(相当于第一卡接件105)、台阶孔(相当于第三卡接件106)、外圆台肩和O形圈槽。拉拔爪内孔与延伸器外圆面(相当于抵接面)配合，翻边与凡尔座20底部端面配合，台阶孔(相当于第三卡接件106)与丝杆底部圆台(相当于第四卡接件301)配合，保证拉拔爪能够跟随丝杆在液压系统的作用下向上移动；
O形圈槽保证两部分拉拔爪为一个整体，在安装过程中可进行对称放置的调节。外圆台肩与卡箍配合保证拉拔爪在拉拔凡尔座20的过程中为一个刚性整体，不会张开。
丝杆底部设置与拉拔爪台肩孔配合的台肩面，其余部分两端为与螺母配合的内螺纹，中间部分为光杆(相当于第一杆体302)，节省在拉拔下凡尔座20总成的螺纹旋合长度。
法兰盘为带台阶的圆柱形盘，与阀箱60螺纹内孔配合，作用为给液压系统提供一个水平放置的平面。
螺母为外六方螺母，与丝杆的第二杆体303顶部配合。
液压系统70包含液压缸和手油泵，对丝杆施力，控制拉拔爪将凡尔座20拉出。液压系统70也可使用其他提供拉力的电动，机械结构代替。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本公开的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本公开将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 拉拔装置，包括：
    多个拉拔件，包括第一端及第二端，所述第一端用于与凡尔座底端卡接，所述第二端用于与驱动件连接，多个所述拉拔件设置于凡尔座的泵腔内，且多个所述拉拔件沿所述泵腔周向间隔设置；
    支撑件，设置于多个所述拉拔件的内侧，且与所述拉拔件受力抵接，以限定所述拉拔件第一端与所述凡尔座之间的径向位移。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的拉拔装置，其中所述支撑件与所述拉拔件之间具有受力抵接面，所述受力抵接面为弧形面。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的拉拔装置，其中所述支撑件呈圆柱状，所述支撑件的周侧形成所述受力抵接面。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一权利要求所述的拉拔装置，其中所述支撑件包括装配部，所述支撑件通过所述装配部与所述拉拔件的第一端可拆卸连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的拉拔装置，其中所述凡尔座包括扶正套，所述扶正套设置于所述凡尔座的底端，所述拉拔件的第一端与所述扶正套卡接，所述扶正套包括限位部，所述装配部与所述限位部在所述泵腔的轴向上装配连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的拉拔装置，其中所述装配部为轴件结构，所述限位部为轴孔，所述扶正套与所述支撑件通过所述轴件与所述轴孔可拆卸连接。
  7. 如权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的拉拔装置，其中所述支撑件包括：
    导引部，为圆台结构，所述导引部的上底面面向所述拉拔件的第一端，且所述导引部的下底面面向所述拉拔件的第二端；
    支撑部，为圆柱结构，一端与所述导引部的下底面光滑连接，所述支撑部的侧面与所述拉拔件形成受力抵接面。
  8. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的拉拔装置，其中所述拉拔件的第一端设置有第一卡接件，所述凡尔座底端设置有第二卡接件，所述第一卡接件与所述第二卡接件配合卡接，以限定所述拉拔件与所述凡尔座之间的相对位移；
    所述拉拔件的第二端设置有第三卡接件，所述驱动件包括第四卡接件，所述第三卡接件与所述第四卡接件配合卡接，以所述驱动件与多个所述拉拔件之间相对位移。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一权利要求所述的拉拔装置，其中所述第一卡接件为面向 所述凡尔座一侧延伸的凸台结构，所述第三卡接件为面向所述泵腔内侧延伸的凸台结构。
  10. 拉拔系统，包括权利要求1-9任一项所述的拉拔装置。
PCT/CN2022/134104 2021-12-14 2022-11-24 拉拔装置及拉拔系统 WO2023109462A1 (zh)

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