WO2023097962A1 - 机油保养系统、工程机械及机油保养方法 - Google Patents

机油保养系统、工程机械及机油保养方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023097962A1
WO2023097962A1 PCT/CN2022/090358 CN2022090358W WO2023097962A1 WO 2023097962 A1 WO2023097962 A1 WO 2023097962A1 CN 2022090358 W CN2022090358 W CN 2022090358W WO 2023097962 A1 WO2023097962 A1 WO 2023097962A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
engine
maintained
actual
level
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PCT/CN2022/090358
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨俊�
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三一重机有限公司
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Publication of WO2023097962A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023097962A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M11/12—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • F02M35/026—Air cleaners acting by guiding the air over or through an oil or other liquid bath, e.g. combined with filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M2011/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices for indicating the necessity to change the oil

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to an engine oil maintenance system, engineering machinery and an engine oil maintenance method.
  • oil-bath air filters With the enlargement of construction machinery (for example, excavators) and the deterioration of working conditions, large engines and oil-bath air filters (referred to as oil-bath air filters) are more and more used in large-scale construction machinery .
  • the many moving parts of an engine require lubrication, and engine durability is directly related to the lubricant's ability to lubricate.
  • the lubricating ability of the engine oil decreases over time, and the engine oil consumption increases due to the enlargement of the engine. Users need to pay attention to the state of the engine oil at all times, and need to maintain the engine oil frequently.
  • the oil bath air filter is used as a device to filter out particulate matter in the intake air, which provides clean air for the engine, protects the cylinder, piston and other components of the engine, and prolongs the service life of the engine.
  • the structure of the oil bath air filter is simple, and the filtration accuracy can reach more than 90%.
  • the oil bath air filter uses oil and metal wire as the main filter material. When the air containing impurities passes through the oil pan, the impurities in the air contact with the oil and make them adhere to the oil film. Then, the air passes through the metal wire filter layer to make the impurities wrapped in the oil film adhere to the metal wire.
  • the maintenance environment of the oil bath air filter is dirty and inconvenient to maintain. If the user does not maintain it in time, as the amount of dust in the oil bath air filter increases, the intake resistance of the engine will increase, which will affect the filtration efficiency and engine performance.
  • the oil of the engine needs to be regularly maintained manually, and the oil level needs to be checked before starting the machine every day.
  • the oil in the oil-bath air filter also needs to be manually maintained regularly. For example, maintenance can be performed after a sensor alarms when the oil bath air filter is clogged. Failure to maintain the engine or oil bath air filter will affect filtration efficiency and engine performance.
  • the present disclosure provides an engine oil maintenance system, which includes: components to be maintained, an oil tank, and an oil pumping component, which are connected through a plurality of pipelines to form an oil drain circuit and a fuel oil circuit, wherein the oil drain One of the fuel oil circuit and the fuel oil circuit is in a flow state and the other is in a cut-off state; the engine oil quality sensor is arranged on the component to be maintained; the controller is electrically connected to the engine oil quality sensor and the oil pumping component , wherein when the oil discharge circuit is in a flow state, the oil pumping part transports the oil in the parts to be maintained to the oil tank; when the oil filling circuit is in a flow state, the oil pumping part The engine oil in the oil tank is delivered to the components to be maintained.
  • the engine oil maintenance system further includes a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is arranged on the component to be maintained and electrically connected to the controller.
  • the oil pumping component is provided with one
  • the oil maintenance system further includes a reversing valve
  • the reversing valve has a first oil port, a second oil port and a third oil port, and the The first oil port, the oil pumping component and the component to be maintained are communicated through the pipeline, and the second oil port and the third oil port are respectively communicated with the oil tank through the pipeline.
  • oil pumping parts which are respectively a first oil pumping part and a second oil pumping part
  • first oil pumping part communicates with the to-be-maintained components and the oil tank
  • second oil pumping component communicates with the components to be maintained and the oil tank through the pipelines respectively.
  • the oil tank has a first oil chamber and a second oil chamber that are separated, the component to be maintained is an engine, one of the pipelines communicates with the first oil chamber, and the other is connected to the first oil chamber.
  • the pipeline communicates with the second oil chamber.
  • the component to be maintained is an oil bath air filter, and the two pipelines are both in communication with the second oil chamber.
  • the engine oil maintenance system further includes an alarm, and the alarm is electrically connected to the controller.
  • the engine oil quality sensor includes a viscosity sensor.
  • the present disclosure provides a construction machine, which includes the engine oil maintenance system provided by the present disclosure.
  • an engine oil maintenance method which includes: acquiring actual oil quality information of a component to be maintained according to a state of a construction machine; and controlling whether to maintain the component to be maintained according to the actual oil quality information.
  • the controlling whether to maintain the maintenance parts according to the actual oil quality information includes: judging whether the actual oil quality information is smaller than the preset oil quality information; when the actual oil quality information When the oil quality information is less than the preset oil quality information, oil is drained on the component to be maintained; after oil is drained from the component to be maintained, oil is added to the component to be maintained.
  • the refueling of the parts to be maintained also includes: obtaining the actual oil level of the parts to be maintained; judging whether the actual oil level is equal to 0; when the actual oil level is equal to 0, the parts to be maintained have been Drain the oil.
  • draining oil on the component to be maintained includes: when the actual oil quality information is less than the preset When the engine oil quality information is displayed, the alarm is controlled to give an alarm; the oil is drained to the parts to be maintained.
  • the acquiring the actual oil quality information of the component to be maintained according to the state of the construction machine includes: acquiring the engine oil quality information when the construction machine is stopped. actual oil quality information.
  • the acquiring the actual oil quality information of the component to be maintained according to the state of the construction machine includes: when the construction machine is started Or the actual engine oil quality information of the oil-bath air filter is obtained when the construction machinery is working.
  • the engine oil maintenance method further includes: obtaining the actual oil level of the component to be maintained when the construction machine is started; judging whether the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level level; when the actual oil level is less than the first preset oil level, refuel the parts to be maintained; when refueling the parts to be maintained, obtain the actual oil of the parts to be maintained Liquid level; judging whether the actual oil level is equal to the second preset oil level, wherein the second preset oil level is greater than the first preset oil level; when the actual oil level is equal to the set When the second preset oil level is reached, stop adding oil to the components to be maintained.
  • refueling the components to be maintained includes: when the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level, When the oil level is preset, the alarm is controlled to give an alarm; the parts to be maintained are refueled.
  • the alarm after acquiring the actual oil level of the component to be maintained when the construction machine is started, it further includes: judging whether the actual oil level is greater than a second preset oil level ; When the actual oil level is greater than the second preset oil level, the alarm is controlled to give an alarm.
  • the actual oil quality information detected by the oil quality sensor is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the oil discharge circuit and the refueling circuit according to the actual oil quality information.
  • the oil discharge circuit At this time, the fuel oil circuit is cut off, and the oil in the parts to be maintained is delivered to the fuel tank through the oil discharge circuit through the oil pump part.
  • the oil part transports the clean engine oil in the oil tank to the parts to be maintained to realize automatic refueling and draining.
  • the oil in the parts to be maintained is intelligently monitored through the oil quality sensor, which can maintain the parts to be maintained in time to ensure the normal operation of the parts to be maintained. Guarantee the performance of the parts to be maintained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine oil maintenance system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine oil maintenance system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure according to specific situations.
  • the engine oil maintenance system of this embodiment includes: components to be maintained, an oil tank 30 , an oil pump component 41 , an engine oil quality sensor 51 and a controller 60 .
  • the components to be maintained, the fuel tank 30 and the oil pumping component 41 are connected through a plurality of pipelines to form an oil drain circuit and a fuel oil circuit.
  • One of the oil discharge oil passage and the oil filling oil passage is in a flow state, and the other is in a cutoff state.
  • the engine oil quality sensor 51 is arranged on the component to be maintained.
  • the controller 60 is electrically connected to the engine oil quality sensor 51 and the oil pumping component 41 .
  • the oil pumping component 41 transports the engine oil in the component to be maintained to the oil tank 30 .
  • the oil pumping component 41 delivers the engine oil in the oil tank 30 to the components to be maintained.
  • the actual engine oil quality information detected by the engine oil quality sensor 51 is sent to the controller 60 .
  • the controller controls the oil discharge oil circuit and the fuel oil circuit according to the actual oil quality information.
  • the oil drain circuit is turned on.
  • the fuel oil circuit is cut off, and the oil pumping part 41 transports the machine oil in the parts to be maintained to the oil tank 30 through the oil discharge circuit.
  • the oil discharge circuit is closed and the refueling circuit is turned on, and the clean machine oil in the oil tank 30 is delivered to the parts to be maintained by the oil pumping part 41, so as to realize automatic refueling and oil discharge.
  • the engine oil maintenance system may further include a liquid level sensor 52 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 may be arranged on the component to be maintained and electrically connected with the controller 60 .
  • the actual oil level in the components to be maintained is detected by the liquid level sensor 52 .
  • the actual oil level is 0, it means that the parts to be maintained have been drained of oil.
  • the oil discharge oil circuit is controlled to be closed and the refueling oil circuit is turned on.
  • the actual oil level in the components to be maintained is detected by the liquid level sensor 52 .
  • the actual oil level reaches the second preset oil level it means that the parts to be maintained have been filled with oil, and the oil filling circuit is controlled to be closed.
  • the oil maintenance system may also include a diverter valve 80 .
  • the reversing valve 80 has a first oil port, a second oil port and a third oil port.
  • the first oil port, the oil pumping component 41 and the components to be maintained are connected through pipelines.
  • the second oil port and the third oil port communicate with the oil tank 30 through pipelines respectively. Refueling and draining are realized through an oil pumping part 41 and a reversing valve 80, which saves cost.
  • the oil pumping component 41 is an oil well pump.
  • the plurality of pipelines include a first pipeline 71 , a second pipeline 72 and a third pipeline 73 .
  • the first end of the first pipeline 71 communicates with the components to be maintained, the second end communicates with one oil port of the oil pumping component 41 , and the other oil port of the oil pumping component 41 communicates with the first oil port.
  • the second oil port communicates with the first end of the second pipeline 72 , and the second end of the second pipeline 72 communicates with the oil tank 30 .
  • a first end of the third pipeline 73 communicates with the third oil port, and a second end of the third pipeline 73 communicates with the oil tank 30 .
  • the first pipeline 71 , the oil pumping component 41 , the reversing valve 80 and the second pipeline 72 form a refueling oil circuit.
  • the first pipeline 71 , the oil pumping component 41 , the reversing valve 80 and the third pipeline 73 form an oil discharge circuit.
  • the first pipeline 71 , the second pipeline 72 and the third pipeline 73 are rubber hoses, which are easy to connect.
  • the second end of the second pipeline 72 protrudes into the oil tank 30 and is close to the bottom of the oil tank 30 to facilitate oil extraction.
  • the reversing valve may be a three-position three-way reversing valve or the like. More illustratively, the reversing valve can be an electromagnetic reversing valve, and the valve position switching of the electromagnetic valve can be realized by energizing or de-energizing.
  • the plurality of pipelines further includes a fifth pipeline 75 .
  • the other oil port of the oil pumping component 41 communicates with the first oil port through the fifth pipeline 75, and the connection method is simple. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the fifth pipeline 75 may not be provided.
  • the oil tank 30 has a first oil chamber 31 and a second oil chamber 32 separated from each other.
  • the component to be maintained is the engine 10 .
  • One pipeline communicates with the first oil chamber 31
  • one pipeline communicates with the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the first oil cavity 31 stores clean engine oil
  • the second oil cavity 32 stores waste engine oil.
  • the clean engine oil in the first oil chamber 31 is delivered to the engine 10 through the oil pumping component to realize automatic refueling.
  • the waste engine oil in the engine 10 is delivered to the second oil chamber 32 through the oil pumping part, so as to realize automatic oil discharge and ensure the normal operation of the engine.
  • the second pipeline 72 communicates with the first oil chamber 31
  • the third pipeline 73 communicates with the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the oil in the engine 10 passes through the first pipeline 71, the oil pumping part 41, the reversing valve 80, the third The line 73 flows into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 .
  • the oil pumping part 41 After draining the oil in the engine 10, switch the oil circuit.
  • the clean machine oil in the first oil chamber 31 passes through the second pipeline 72, the reversing valve 80, the oil pumping part 41, the first A pipeline 71 flows into the engine 10 to realize oil replacement and ensure normal operation of the engine.
  • the component to be maintained may be an oil-bath air filter 20 , and both pipelines communicate with the second oil chamber 32 . After the machine oil is settled in the second oil chamber 32, the filtered dust settles to the bottom of the second oil chamber 32 to ensure the cleanliness of the upper part of the second oil chamber 32.
  • both the second pipeline 72 and the third pipeline 73 communicate with the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the oil in the oil-bath air filter 20 passes through the first pipeline 71 and the oil pumping part 41 in sequence. , the reversing valve 80 , and the third pipeline 73 flow into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 .
  • the machine oil is deposited in the second oil chamber 32, and the filtered dust is deposited to the bottom of the second oil chamber 32 to ensure the cleanliness of the upper part of the second oil chamber 32.
  • the clean engine oil in the second oil chamber 32 passes through the second pipeline 72, the reversing valve 80, the pump oil
  • the component 41 and the first pipeline 71 flow into the oil bath air filter 20 to realize oil replacement and ensure the normal operation of the oil bath air filter.
  • the bottom of the first oil chamber 31 and the bottom of the second oil chamber 32 are all provided with oil drain holes, and the oil drain holes are used for draining oil.
  • the bottom of the oil tank 30 is detachably arranged on the mounting parts of the engineering machinery, which is convenient for cleaning the oil tank.
  • the engine oil maintenance system further includes an alarm 90 .
  • the alarm 90 is electrically connected to the controller 60 .
  • the controller controls whether the alarm is to alarm according to the actual oil quality information detected by the oil quality sensor 51, and whether the alarm is to be alarmed according to the actual oil level detected by the liquid level sensor when the construction machinery is started each time.
  • the alarm 90 is used to Remind the user that the parts to be maintained need to be maintained.
  • the engine oil maintenance system further includes an engine oil maintenance button and an engine oil filling button.
  • the engine oil maintenance button and the engine oil filling button are electrically connected with the controller 60 .
  • the controller controls the oil discharge oil circuit and the oil filling oil circuit according to the signal of the engine oil maintenance button or the engine oil filling button. It can be understood that, as an alternative embodiment, there is no need to set the alarm 90, the oil maintenance button and the oil filling button, and the controller can use the actual oil quality information detected by the oil quality sensor 51 and the actual oil quality information detected by the liquid level sensor. The oil level automatically controls the oil drain circuit and the fuel oil circuit.
  • the alarm is an audible and visual alarm or the like.
  • the sound and light alarm is used to display alarm information and alarm sound to remind users to maintain.
  • Sound and light alarm includes display screen, sound alarm and light alarm lamp. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the alarm may also be only one of an audio alarm, a light alarm or a display screen.
  • the oil quality sensor 51 may include a viscosity sensor. It can be understood that the engine oil quality sensor may also include one or more of a density sensor, a temperature sensor, and a dielectric constant sensor.
  • an excavator is taken as an example below to describe the working process of the engine oil maintenance system in the first embodiment.
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects the oil level in the oil pan of the engine 10 and transmits a liquid level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 calculates whether topping up of oil is required. When it is calculated that the engine oil of the engine 10 is insufficient, that is, when the actual oil level of the engine 10 is less than the first preset oil level of the engine 10, the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user to add oil.
  • the controller 60 After the user presses the oil filling button of the engine 10 on the display screen, the controller 60 receives the signal of the oil filling button and sends a signal to control the oil pumping part 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to start working, and the clean machine oil is pumped from the The oil is extracted from the oil tank 30 and filled into the oil pan of the engine 10 through the second pipeline 72 , the fifth pipeline 75 and the first pipeline 71 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects the oil level and sends an oil level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 controls the oil pumping member 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to stop working, and the electromagnetic reversing valve switches back to the neutral position to lock the entire oil circuit.
  • the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user to check the oil level Overhaul the engine if the reason exceeds the preset value.
  • the viscosity sensor of the engine 10 detects the viscosity of the engine oil and transmits the viscosity signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 determines that the actual viscosity of the engine oil is lower than the preset viscosity of the engine oil, the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user that maintenance of the engine oil is required.
  • the controller 60 receives the signal of the engine oil maintenance button and sends a signal, controls the oil pumping part 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to start working, and the used engine oil in the engine 10 is pumped out , through the first pipeline 71 , the fifth pipeline 75 and the third pipeline 73 into the second oil chamber 32 storing the used oil tank 30 .
  • the controller 60 When the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects that the engine oil liquid level returns to zero, it means that the engine oil draining work has been completed. Then, the controller 60 will send out a signal to control the oil pumping component 41 to work in reverse, and control the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the oil circuit, so as to fill the engine 10 with clean engine oil in the oil tank 30 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 always detects the oil level and sends the oil level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 controls the oil pumping part 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to stop working. At the same time, the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm 90 to remind the user to complete the maintenance. Check engine oil maintenance.
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil level in the oil bath air filter 20 and transmits the liquid level signal to the controller 60 . Based on this, the controller 60 calculates whether oil needs to be added. When it is calculated that the oil in the oil-bath air filter 20 is insufficient, that is, the actual oil level of the oil-bath air filter 20 is lower than the first preset oil level of the oil-bath air filter 20, the controller 60 sends a signal to Sound and light alarm to remind users to add oil.
  • the user can press the oil filling button of the oil bath type air filter 20 on the display screen, the controller 60 receives the signal of the oil filling button and sends a signal, and controls the oil pumping part 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to start working , the engine oil is charged into the oil bath air filter 20 through the second pipeline 72 , the fifth pipeline 75 and the first pipeline 71 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil level and sends the oil level signal to the controller 60.
  • the controller 60 controls the oil pumping part 41 and the electromagnetic reversing to stop working, the electromagnetic reversing valve is switched to the neutral position, and the oil circuit is cut off.
  • the oil viscosity sensor in the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil viscosity in the oil bath air filter 20 and sends the oil viscosity signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 determines that the actual oil viscosity is lower than the preset oil viscosity, the controller 60 will send a signal to control the oil pumping component 41 to work, and control the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch the oil circuit to pass the oil in the oil bath air filter 20
  • the first pipeline 71, the fifth pipeline 75 and the third pipeline 73 are pumped back into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 until the liquid level sensor 52 detects that the oil level in the oil bath air filter 20 reaches zero .
  • the controller 60 controls the oil pumping part 41 to work in the reverse direction, controls the electromagnetic reversing valve to switch to the reverse oil circuit, and passes the precipitated engine oil in the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 through the second pipeline 72 and the fifth pipeline.
  • the pipeline 75 and the first pipeline 71 are pumped into the oil bath air filter 20 .
  • the controller 60 controls the oil pumping component 41 and the electromagnetic reversing valve to stop working.
  • the machine oil that is pumped back in the second oil chamber 32 of oil tank 30 is through sedimentation, and the dust that filters is deposited to the bottom of second oil chamber 32, guarantees the cleanliness of upper machine oil in the second oil chamber 32.
  • the clean engine oil is filled into the oil bath air filter 20, so as to prolong the maintenance period of the oil bath air filter 20, reduce air intake resistance, and improve the economy of engine operation.
  • first preset oil level of the engine and the first preset oil level of the oil-bath air filter 20 may be the same value or different values.
  • the second preset oil level of the engine is different from the second preset oil level of the oil bath air filter 20 .
  • the preset oil viscosity of the engine and the preset oil viscosity of the oil-bath air filter 20 may be the same value or different values.
  • the first preset oil level is greater than 0 and smaller than the second preset oil level.
  • the first preset oil level is low oil level, and the second preset oil level is high oil level.
  • the engine oil maintenance system of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the two is mainly in the number of pump oil parts.
  • the similarities will not be repeated.
  • first oil pumping part 42 there are two oil pumping parts, which are the first oil pumping part 42 and the second oil pumping part 43 respectively.
  • Two oil pumping components 41 are provided, and are respectively a first oil pumping component 42 and a second oil pumping component 43 .
  • the first oil pumping component 42 communicates with the components to be maintained and the oil tank 30 through pipelines respectively.
  • the second oil pumping component 43 communicates with the components to be maintained and the oil tank 30 through pipelines respectively.
  • the plurality of pipelines include a first pipeline 71 , a second pipeline 72 , a third pipeline 73 and a fourth pipeline 74 .
  • a first end of the first pipeline 71 communicates with the component to be maintained, and a second end communicates with an oil port of the first oil pumping component 42 .
  • the other oil port of the first oil pumping component 42 communicates with the first end of the second pipeline 72 .
  • the second end of the second pipeline 72 communicates with the oil tank 30 .
  • a first end of the third pipeline 73 communicates with the component to be maintained, and a second end of the third pipeline 73 communicates with an oil port of the second oil pumping component 43 .
  • the other oil port of the second oil pumping component 43 communicates with the first end of the fourth pipeline 74
  • the second end of the fourth pipeline 74 communicates with the oil tank 30 .
  • the first pipeline 71 , the first oil pumping member 42 and the second pipeline 72 form a refueling oil passage.
  • the third pipeline 73 , the second oil pumping component 43 and the fourth pipeline 74 form an oil discharge circuit.
  • the first oil pumping part 42 starts, the second oil pumping part 43 stops.
  • the engine oil maintenance system of the second embodiment uses an oil pumping component instead of the reversing valve of the first embodiment, and controls the oil circuit in two ways.
  • the first oil pumping component 42 is a first oil pump
  • the second oil pumping component 43 is a second oil pump.
  • the second pipeline 72 communicates with the first oil chamber 31
  • the fourth pipeline 74 communicates with the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the second oil pumping part 43 is started, and the machine oil in the engine 10 flows through the third pipeline 73, the second oil pumping part 43, and the fourth pipeline 74 successively. to the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30.
  • start the first oil pumping part 42 stop the second oil pumping part 43
  • the clean machine oil in the first oil chamber 31 passes through the second pipeline 72, the first oil pumping part 42, the second A line 71 flows into the engine 10 . In this way, it is possible to change the engine oil and ensure the normal operation of the engine.
  • both the second pipeline 72 and the fourth pipeline 74 communicate with the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the quality of the machine oil in the oil-bath air filter 20 does not meet the set standard requirements, start the second oil pumping part 43, and the machine oil in the oil-bath air filter 20 passes through the third pipeline 73, the second oil pumping part 43.
  • the fourth pipeline 74 flows into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30, and the engine oil is precipitated in the second oil chamber 32, and the filtered dust is deposited to the bottom of the second oil chamber 32, ensuring that the second oil chamber 32 The cleanliness of the middle and upper engine oil.
  • an excavator is taken as an example below to describe the working process of the engine oil maintenance system in the second embodiment.
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects the oil level in the oil pan of the engine 10 and transmits the liquid level signal to the controller 60, and the controller 60 calculates Is it necessary to add engine oil.
  • the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user to add oil.
  • the user can press the engine oil filling button of the engine on the display screen, and the controller 60 receives the signal of the oil filling button and sends a signal to control the first oil pumping part 42 to start working, and the clean machine oil is pumped from the fuel tank 30 pumped out, and charged into the oil pan of the engine 10 through the second pipeline 72 and the first pipeline 71.
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects the oil level and sends an oil level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 controls the first oil pumping component 42 to stop working and lock the entire oil circuit.
  • the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user to check that the oil level exceeds the second preset level.
  • the reason for the preset value is to overhaul the engine.
  • the viscosity sensor of the engine 10 detects the viscosity of the engine oil and transmits the viscosity signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 determines that the actual viscosity of the engine oil is lower than the preset viscosity of the engine oil, the controller 60 sends a signal to the sound and light alarm to remind the user that maintenance of the engine oil is required.
  • the user can press the engine oil maintenance button of the engine 10, the controller 60 receives the signal of the engine oil maintenance button and sends a signal, controls the second oil pumping part 43 to start working, and pumps out the used engine oil in the engine 10.
  • the third pipeline 73 and the fourth pipeline 74 are filled into the second oil chamber 32 storing the used oil tank 30 .
  • the controller 60 When the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects that the engine oil liquid level returns to zero, it means that the engine oil draining work has been completed. At this time, the controller 60 will send out a signal to control the second oil pumping component 43 to stop working and lock the entire oil circuit. Then, the controller 60 sends a signal again to control the pumping of the first oil pumping part 42 to start working, and the clean engine oil is extracted from the oil tank 30, and filled into the oil pan of the engine 10 through the second pipeline 72 and the first pipeline 71 middle. During the filling process, the liquid level sensor 52 of the engine 10 detects the oil level and sends an oil level signal to the controller 60 . When the second preset oil level of the engine 10 is reached, the controller 60 controls the first oil pumping component 42 to stop working and lock the entire oil circuit.
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil level in the oil bath air filter 20 and transmits the liquid level signal to the controller 60, and the controller 60 calculates whether filling is required motor oil.
  • the controller 60 sends a signal to Sound and light alarm to remind users to add oil.
  • the controller 60 receives the signal of the oil filling button and sends a signal, controls the first oil pumping part 42 to start working, and pumps the oil It is charged into the oil-bath air filter 20 through the second pipeline 72 and the first pipeline 71 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil level and sends an oil level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 controls the first oil pumping component 42 to stop working and cut off the oil circuit.
  • the viscosity sensor in the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil viscosity in the oil bath air filter 20 and sends the oil viscosity signal to the controller 60 every time the excavator is started and the whole machine is working.
  • the controller 60 determines that the actual oil viscosity is lower than the preset oil viscosity, the controller 60 will send a signal to control the second oil pumping part 43 to work, and the oil in the oil bath air filter 20 will pass through the third pipeline 73 and the fourth The line 74 is drawn back into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 until the level sensor 52 detects that the oil level in the oil bath air filter 20 reaches zero. At this time, the controller 60 controls the second oil pumping component 43 to stop working and cut off the oil circuit.
  • the controller 60 will send a signal to control the first oil pumping component 42 to start working, and to fill the engine oil into the oil-bath air filter 20 through the second pipeline 72 and the first pipeline 71 .
  • the liquid level sensor 52 of the oil bath air filter 20 detects the oil level and sends the oil level signal to the controller 60 .
  • the controller 60 controls the first oil pumping component 42 to stop working and cut off the oil circuit.
  • the machine oil that is pumped back into the second oil chamber 32 of the oil tank 30 undergoes sedimentation, and the filtered dust is deposited to the bottom of the second oil chamber 32 to ensure the cleanliness of the upper part of the second oil chamber 32 .
  • the clean engine oil is filled into the oil bath air filter 20, so as to prolong the maintenance period of the oil bath air filter 20, reduce air intake resistance, and improve the economy of engine operation.
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 can be divided into an engine oil maintenance system and an oil bath air filter oil maintenance system.
  • the two oil maintenance systems have the same principle and can be used independently.
  • the present disclosure also provides a construction machine, which includes the engine oil maintenance system provided in the present disclosure.
  • the construction machine may be, but not limited to, an excavator, a rotary drilling rig, and the like.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for maintaining engine oil, which includes step A and step B.
  • the engine oil maintenance method can be implemented by the engine oil maintenance system provided in the present disclosure.
  • step A the actual oil quality information of the parts to be maintained is obtained according to the state of the construction machine.
  • step B whether to perform maintenance on the parts to be maintained is controlled according to the actual oil quality information.
  • the components to be maintained are maintained in time by detecting the actual oil quality information of the components to be maintained, so as to ensure the normal operation of the components to be maintained, thereby ensuring the performance of the components to be maintained.
  • step B may include step B1 to step B3.
  • step B1 it is judged whether the actual engine oil quality information is smaller than the preset engine oil quality information.
  • step B2 when the actual oil quality information is less than the preset oil quality information, oil is drained from the parts to be maintained.
  • step B3 oil is added to the components to be maintained after the components to be maintained are drained of engine oil.
  • the oil in the parts to be maintained does not meet the preset oil quality information, the oil in the parts to be maintained is drained, and then clean oil is filled into the parts to be maintained to realize automatic refueling and oil draining.
  • step B2 the engine oil maintenance method further includes step C to step E.
  • step C the actual oil level of the component to be maintained is acquired.
  • step D it is judged whether the actual oil level is equal to 0.
  • step E when the actual engine oil level is equal to 0, it is determined that the components to be maintained have been drained of engine oil.
  • step B3 the engine oil maintenance method further includes step F to step H.
  • step F the actual oil level of the component to be maintained is obtained.
  • step G it is judged whether the actual oil level is equal to the second preset oil level.
  • the second preset oil level is greater than the first preset oil level.
  • step H when the actual oil level is equal to the second preset oil level, oiling of the components to be maintained is stopped.
  • step B2 includes step B21 and step B22.
  • step B21 when the actual oil quality information is less than the preset oil quality information, the alarm 90 is controlled to give an alarm.
  • step B22 oil is drained from the parts to be maintained.
  • the alarm 90 is used to remind the user that the parts to be maintained need to be maintained.
  • the engine oil maintenance system also includes the engine oil maintenance button. After the user presses the engine oil maintenance button, the controller controls the oil discharge oil circuit and the refueling oil circuit according to the signal of the engine oil maintenance button, and the maintenance parts can be maintained by the user pressing the engine oil maintenance button. . It can be understood that, as an alternative embodiment, the alarm step is cancelled, and there is no need to set an oil maintenance button, and when the actual oil quality information is less than the preset oil quality information, automatic maintenance is performed on the parts to be maintained.
  • step A when the component to be maintained is the engine 10, step A includes step A1.
  • step A1 the actual engine oil quality information of the engine 10 is acquired when the construction machine is stopped.
  • the shutdown of the construction machine refers to turning off the engine 10 of the construction machine to ensure detection accuracy.
  • step A when the component to be maintained is the oil-bath air filter 20, step A includes step A2.
  • step A2 the actual oil quality information of the oil-bath air filter 20 is obtained when the construction machine is started or the construction machine is working.
  • the engine oil maintenance method may further include the following steps I to N.
  • step I the actual oil level of the components to be maintained is obtained when the construction machine is started.
  • step J it is judged whether the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level.
  • step K when the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level, add oil to the components to be maintained.
  • step L when refueling the components to be maintained, the actual oil level of the components to be maintained is obtained.
  • step M it is judged whether the actual oil level is equal to the second preset oil level.
  • the second preset oil level is greater than the first preset oil level.
  • step N when the actual oil level is equal to the second preset oil level, oiling of the components to be maintained is stopped.
  • the oil level of the components to be maintained is detected to ensure the normal operation of the components to be maintained.
  • step K includes step K1 and step K2.
  • step K1 when the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level, the alarm 90 is controlled to give an alarm.
  • step K2 the components to be maintained are refueled.
  • the alarm 90 is used to remind the user that the parts to be maintained need to be filled with oil.
  • the oil maintenance system also includes an oil filling button
  • the oil filling button is electrically connected to the controller 60. After the user presses the engine oil filling button, the control The device controls the fuel oil circuit according to the signal of the oil filling button, and the parts to be maintained can be filled with oil by pressing the oil filling button. It can be understood that, as an alternative embodiment, the alarm step is cancelled, and there is no need to set an engine oil filling button, and when the actual oil level is lower than the first preset oil level, the parts to be maintained are automatically refueled.
  • the engine oil maintenance method further includes step O and step P.
  • step O it is judged whether the actual oil level is greater than the second preset oil level.
  • step P when the actual oil level is greater than the second preset oil level, the alarm 90 is controlled to give an alarm.
  • the alarm 90 reminds the user to check the cause of the engine oil level exceeding the preset value, and to overhaul the engine.
  • the oil maintenance system includes the engine, liquid level sensor, viscosity sensor, rubber hose, oil pump parts, electromagnetic reversing valve, fuel tank, oil bath air filter, controller, sound and light alarm, etc.
  • the fluid level sensor detects the oil level in the engine and the oil level in the oil bath air filter.
  • the viscosity sensor detects the viscosity of the oil in the engine and the viscosity of the oil in the oil bath air filter.
  • the rubber hose is used to connect the engine, oil pump components, electromagnetic reversing valve, fuel tank, and oil bath air filter for the transmission of engine oil.
  • the oil pump part provides power for oil delivery and has a locking function to prevent oil leakage.
  • the electromagnetic reversing valve is used to control the transmission direction of the oil.
  • the oil tank is used to hold clean and used oil.
  • the oil bath air filter is used to filter out particulate matter in the intake air and provide clean air for the engine.
  • the controller controls the signals used to control and transmit liquid level sensors, viscosity sensors, electromagnetic reversing valves and sound and light alarms.
  • the sound and light alarm is used to display alarm information and alarm sound to remind users to maintain.
  • the sound and light alarm can include display screen, sound alarm and so on.
  • the viscosity sensor is used to detect the viscosity of the engine oil in the engine or the oil bath air filter.
  • the viscosity of the oil is lower than the set standard value, the automatic filling of the oil is realized through the oil pumping part and the electromagnetic switching valve or two pumping parts.
  • And drain oil automatically maintain the oil of the engine and oil-bath air filter, realize intelligent monitoring and control, ensure the normal operation of the engine or oil-bath air filter, and improve the intelligence of engine and oil-bath air filter maintenance for users and convenience, and the oil after the oil-bath air filter is filtered is deposited in the second oil chamber of the oil tank, and the clean oil is filled into the oil-bath air filter, which prolongs the maintenance cycle of the oil-bath air filter and reduces air intake resistance , Improve the economy of engine operation.
  • a liquid level sensor is used to monitor the oil level of the engine or the oil in the oil bath air filter, and the automatic filling of the oil is realized through the oil pumping part and the electromagnetic switch valve or two pumping parts, realizing intelligent Monitoring and control to ensure normal engine oil or oil bath air filter oil level.
  • the viscosity sensor and liquid level sensor to detect the viscosity and liquid level of the engine oil in the engine or oil bath air filter.
  • the controller controls the audible and visual alarm to send out an audible and visual alarm to remind users to check and maintain.
  • the bottoms of the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber are provided with oil discharge holes, and the bottom of the oil tank can be detachably arranged on the mounting part, so as to facilitate cleaning of the oil tank.

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Abstract

一种机油保养系统，包括：待保养部件、油箱（30）和泵油部件（41），通过多个管路连接并形成一条放油油路和一条加油油路，其中放油油路和加油油路中的一个处于流通状态且另一个处于截止状态；机油品质传感器（51），设置在待保养部件上；控制器（60），与机油品质传感器（51）和泵油部件（41）电连接，其中当放油油路处于流通状态时，泵油部件（41）将待保养部件中的机油输送至油箱（30）；当加油油路处于流通状态时，泵油部件（41）将油箱（30）中的机油输送至待保养部件。还公开了使用上述机油保养系统的工程机械及机油保养方法。通过机油品质传感器（51）对待保养部件中的机油进行智能监控，可以对待保养部件及时进行保养，确保待保养部件正常运行，进而保障待保养部件的性能。

Description

机油保养系统、工程机械及机油保养方法 技术领域
本公开涉及工程机械技术领域，具体涉及一种机油保养系统、工程机械及机油保养方法。
背景技术
随着工程机械(例如,挖掘机)的大型化和工况环境的恶劣化，大型发动机和油浴式空气滤清器(简称油浴式空滤器)在大型工程机械中的应用越来越多。发动机的多个活动部件需要润滑，发动机耐久性与润滑油的润滑能力直接相关。然而，发动机的机油润滑能力随时间推移降低，且发动机大型化导致发动机的机油消耗的提高，使用者需要时刻关注机油状态，并需要经常对发动机机油进行保养。油浴式空滤器作为滤除进气中的颗粒物的装置，其为发动机提供清洁的空气，保护发动机的气缸、活塞等部件，延长发动机的使用寿命。油浴式空滤器的构造简单，过滤精度可达90％以上。油浴式空滤器以油和金属丝作为主要滤材。含有杂质的空气通过油底盘时，空气中的杂质与油品接触，并使之附着于油膜，随后，空气通过金属丝滤层，使被油膜包裹的杂质粘附在金属丝中。油浴式空滤器的保养环境脏，保养不方便。若使用者保养不及时，随着油浴式空滤器中灰尘量的增多，发动机的进气阻力增加，将会影响过滤效率和发动机性能。
在相关技术中，发动机的机油需要通过人工定期保养，需要每天启机前检查机油液位。此外，油浴式空滤器内机油也需要通过人工定期保养。例如，可以在油浴式空滤器堵塞时传感器报警后进行保养。若对发动机或油浴式空滤器的保养不及，则会影响过滤效率和发动机性能。
发明内容
一方面，本公开提供一种机油保养系统，其包括：待保养部件、油箱和泵油部件，通过多个管路连接并形成一条放油油路和一条加油油路，其中所述放油油路和所述加油油路中的一个处于流通状态且另一个处于截止状态；机油品质传感器，设置在所述待保养部件上；控制器，与所述机油品质传感器和所述泵油部件电连接，其中当所述放油油路处于流通状态时，所述泵油部件将所述待保养部件中的机油输送至所述油箱；当所述加油油路处于流通状态时，所述泵油部件将所述油箱中的机油输送至所述待保养部件。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述机油保养系统还包括液位传感器，所述液位传感器设置在所述待保养部件上且与所述控制器电连接。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述泵油部件设有一个，所述机油保养系统还包括换向阀，所述换向阀具有第一油口、第二油口及第三油口，所述第一油口、所述泵油部件及所述待保养部件通过所述管路连通，所述第二油口、所述第三油口分别通过所述管路与所述油箱连通。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述泵油部件设有两个且分别为第一泵油部件和第二泵油部件，所述第一泵油部件分别通过所述管路与所述待保养部件、所述油箱连通，所述第二泵油部件分别通过所述管路与所述待保养部件、所述油箱连通。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述油箱具有隔开的第一油腔和第二油腔，所述待保养部件为发动机，一个所述管路与所述第一油腔连通，另一个所述管路与所述第二油腔连通。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述待保养部件为油浴式空滤器，两个所述管路均与所述第二油腔连通。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述机油保养系统还包括报警器，所述报警器与所述控制器电连接。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述机油品质传感器包括粘度传感器。
另一方面，本公开提供一种工程机械，其包括本公开提供的机油保养系统。
另一方面，本公开提供一种机油保养方法，其包括：根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息；根据所述实际机油品质信息控制是否对所述待保养部件进行保养。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述实际机油品质信息控制是否对所述保养部件进行保养包括：判断所述实际机油品质信息是否小于预设机油品质信息；当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油；在所述待保养部件放完机油之后，对所述待保养部件进行加油。
在一个可能的实现方式中，在所述当实际机油品质信息小于预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油和所述在所述待保养部件放完机油之后，对所述待保养部件进行加油之间还包括：获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；判断所述实际机油液位是否等于0；当所述实际机油液位等于0时，所述待保养部件已放完机油。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油包括：当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，控制报警器进行报警；对所述待保养部件进行放油。
在一个可能的实现方式中，在所述待保养部件为发动机的情况下，所述在根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息包括：在所述工程机械停机时获取所述发动机的实际机油品质信息。
在一个可能的实现方式中，在所述待保养部件为油浴式空滤器的情况下，所述在根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息包括：在所述工程机械启动时或所述工程机械工作时获取油浴式空滤器的实际机油品质信息。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述机油保养方法还包括：在所述工程机械启动时获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；判断所述实际机油液位是否小于第一预设机油液位；当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件进行加油；在对所述待保养部件进行加油时，获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；判断所述实际机油液位是否等于第二预设机油液位，其中所述第二预设机油液位大于所述第一预设机油液位；当所述实际机油液位等于所述第二预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件停止加油。
在一个可能的实现方式中，所述当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件进行加油包括：当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，控制报警器进行报警；对所述待保养部件进行加油。
在一个可能的实现方式中，在所述在所述工程机械启动时获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位之后，还包括：判断所述实际机油液位是否大于第二预设机油液位；当所述实际机油液位大于所述第二预设机油液位时，控制报警器进行报警。
机油品质传感器所检测的实际机油品质信息发送给控制器，控制器根据实际机油品质信息控制放油油路和加油油路，当实际机油品质信息不符合设定标准要求时，将放油油路导通，此时加油油路截止，通过泵油部件将待保养部件中的机油通过放油油路输送至油箱中，放油完成后将放油油路关闭和加油油路导通，通过泵油部件将油箱的清洁机油输送至待保养部件中，实现自动加油和放油，通过机油品质传感器对待保养部件中的机油进行智能监控，可以对待保养部件及时保养，确保待保养部件正常运行，进而保障待保养部件的性能。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开具体实施方式或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本公开一实施例的机油保养系统的结构示意图。
图2为根据本公开另一实施例的机油保养系统的结构示意图。
附图标记说明如下：
10、发动机；20、油浴式空滤器；30、油箱；31、第一油腔；32、第二油腔；41、泵油部件；42、第一泵油部件；43、第二泵油部件；51、机油品质传感器；52、液位传感器；60、控制器；71、第一管路；72、第二管路；73、第三管路；74、第四管路；75、第五管路；80、换向阀；90、报警器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本公开的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本公开不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例的机油保养系统包括：待保养部件、油箱30、泵油部件41、机油品质传感器51及控制器60。待保养部件、油箱30和泵油部件41通过多个管路连接并形成一条放油油路和一条加油油路。放油油路和加油油路中的一个处于流通状态，另一个处于截止状态。机油品质传感器51设置在待保养部件上。控制器60与机油品质传感器51、泵油部件41电连接。当放油油路处于流通状态时，泵油部件41将待保养部件中的机油输送至油箱30中。当加油油路处于流通状态时，泵油部件41将油箱30中的机油输送至待保养部件中。
应用本实施例的机油保养系统，机油品质传感器51所检测的实际机油品质信息发送给控制器60。控制器根据实际机油品质信息控制放油油路和加油油路。当实际机油品质信息不符合设定标准要求时，将放油油路导通。此时加油油路截止，泵油部件41将待保养部件中的机油通过放油油路输送至油箱30中。在放油完成后，将放油油路关闭和加油油路导通，通过泵油部件41将油箱30的清洁机油输送至待保养部件中，实现自动加油和放油。通过机油品质传感器51对待保养部件中的机油进行智能监控，可以对待保养部件及时保养，确 保待保养部件正常运行，进而保障待保养部件的性能。
在本实施例中，机油保养系统还可以包括液位传感器52。液位传感器52可以设置在待保养部件上且与控制器60电连接。在放油的过程中，通过液位传感器52检测待保养部件中的实际机油液位。当实际机油液位为0时，表示待保养部件已经放完机油。然后，控制放油油路关闭和加油油路导通。在加油的过程中，通过液位传感器52检测待保养部件中的实际机油液位。当实际机油液位达到第二预设机油液位时，表示待保养部件已经加完机油，控制加油油路关闭。
在本实施例中，泵油部件41设有一个。机油保养系统还可以包括换向阀80。换向阀80具有第一油口、第二油口及第三油口。第一油口、泵油部件41及待保养部件通过管路连通。第二油口、第三油口分别通过管路与油箱30连通。通过一个泵油部件41和换向阀80实现加油和放油，节约成本。在一个示例中，泵油部件41为抽油泵。
示例性地，多个管路包括第一管路71、第二管路72及第三管路73。第一管路71的第一端与待保养部件连通，第二端与泵油部件41的一个油口连通，泵油部件41的另一个油口与第一油口连通。第二油口与第二管路72的第一端连通，第二管路72的第二端与油箱30连通。第三管路73的第一端与第三油口连通，第三管路73的第二端与油箱30连通。第一管路71、泵油部件41、换向阀80、第二管路72形成加油油路。第一管路71、泵油部件41、换向阀80、第三管路73形成放油油路。
在一个示例中，第一管路71、第二管路72及第三管路73均为胶管，连接简便。第二管路72的第二端伸入油箱30中且靠近油箱30的底部，方便抽油。
在一个示例中，换向阀可以为三位三通换向阀等。更为示例性地，换向阀可以为电磁换向阀，通过通电或断电实现电磁阀的阀位切换。
在本实施例中，多个管路还包括第五管路75。泵油部件41的另一个油口通过第五管路75与第一油口连通，连接方式简便。可以理解，在其他实施例中，也可以不设置第五管路75。
在本实施例中，油箱30具有隔开的第一油腔31和第二油腔32。待保养部件为发动机10。一个管路与第一油腔31连通，一个管路与第二油腔32连通。第一油腔31储存清洁机油，第二油腔32储存废机油。通过泵油部件将第一油腔31的清洁机油输送至发动机10中，实现自动加油。通过泵油部件将发动机10中的废机油输送至第二油腔32中，实现自动放油，确保发动机正常运行。
示例性地，第二管路72与第一油腔31连通，第三管路73与第二油腔32连通。当发动机10中的机油的品质不符合设定标准要求时，在泵油部件41的作用下，发动机10中的机油依次经过第一管路71、泵油部件41、换向阀80、第三管路73流至油箱30的第二油腔32中。放完发动机10中的机油后，切换油路，在泵油部件41的作用下，第一油腔31中的清洁机油依次经过第二管路72、换向阀80、泵油部件41、第一管路71流至发动机10中，实现更换机油，确保发动机正常运行。
作为一种实现方式，待保养部件可以为油浴式空滤器20，两个管路均与第二油腔32连通。机油在第二油腔32经过沉淀后，过滤的灰尘沉淀到第二油腔32的底部，保证第二油腔32中上部机油的清洁度。
示例性地，第二管路72、第三管路73均与第二油腔32连通。当油浴式空滤器20中的机油的品质不符合设定标准要求时，在泵油部件41的作用下，油浴式空滤器20中的机油依次经过第一管路71、泵油部件41、换向阀80、第三管路73流至油箱30的第二油腔32中。机油在第二油腔32中经过沉淀，将过滤的灰尘沉淀到第二油腔32的底部，保证第二油腔32中上部机油的清洁度。放完油浴式空滤器20中的机油后，切换油路，在泵油部件41的作用下，第二油腔32中的清洁机油依次经过第二管路72、换向阀80、泵油部件41、第一管路71流至油浴式空滤器20中，实现更换机油，确保油浴式空滤器正常运行。
在本实施例中，第一油腔31的底部和第二油腔32的底部均设有放油孔，放油孔用于 放油。油箱30的底部可拆卸地设置在工程机械的安装部件上，方便对油箱进行清洗。
在本实施例中，机油保养系统还包括报警器90。报警器90与控制器60电连接。控制器根据机油品质传感器51所检测的实际机油品质信息控制报警器是否报警、根据工程机械在每次启动时液位传感器所检测到的实际机油液位控制报警器是否报警，报警器90用于提醒使用人员需要对待保养部件进行保养。
示例性地，机油保养系统还包括机油保养按钮和机油加注按钮。机油保养按钮和机油加注按钮与控制器60电连接。使用人员按动机油保养按钮或机油加注按钮后，控制器根据机油保养按钮或机油加注按钮的信号控制放油油路和加油油路。可以理解，作为可替换的实施方式，不需要设置报警器90、机油保养按钮及机油加注按钮，控制器可以根据机油品质传感器51所检测的实际机油品质信息、液位传感器所检测到的实际机油液位自动控制放油油路和加油油路。
在一个示例中，报警器为声光报警器等。声光报警器用于显示报警信息和报警声音，提醒使用人员保养。声光报警器包括显示屏、声音报警器及灯光报警灯。可以理解，在其他实施例中，报警器也可以仅为声音报警器、灯光报警器或显示屏中的一种。
在本实施例中，机油品质传感器51可以包括粘度传感器。可以理解，机油品质传感器还可以包括密度传感器、温度传感器、介电常数传感器中的一种或多种。
如图1所示，下面以挖掘机为例，对实施例一的机油保养系统的工作过程进行说明。
在挖掘机每次启机发动机10前的通电自检时，发动机10的液位传感器52检测发动机10的油底壳中的机油液位并将液位信号传输给控制器60。控制器60计算是否需要加注机油。当计算出发动机10的机油不足时，即发动机10的实际机油液位小于发动机10的第一预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员加注机油。在使用人员按动显示屏上发动机10的机油加注按钮后，控制器60接受到机油加注按钮的信号并发出信号，控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀开始工作，将干净的机油从油箱30中抽出，通过第二管路72、第五管路75、第一管路71充入发动机10的油底壳中。
加注过程中，发动机10的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到发动机10的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀停止工作，电磁换向阀切回到中位，锁闭整个油路。在挖掘机的每次通电自检中，当液位传感器52检测到的机油液位超过第二预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员检查机油液位超过预设值原因，对发动机进行检修。
挖掘机在每次停机时，发动机10的粘度传感器检测机油粘度并将粘度信号传输给控制器60。当控制器60判定实际机油粘度低于预设机油粘度时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员需要进行机油保养。然后，使用人员可以按动发动机10的机油保养按钮，控制器60接受到机油保养按钮的信号并发出信号，控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀开始工作，将发动机10中使用过的机油抽出，通过第一管路71、第五管路75和第三管路73充入到存放使用过的油箱30的第二油腔32中。
当发动机10的液位传感器52检测到机油液位归于零时，表示已经完成发动机放油工作。接着，控制器60将发出信号，控制泵油部件41反向工作，且控制电磁换向阀切换油路，将油箱30中干净的机油充入到发动机10中。加注过程中，发动机10的液位传感器52一直检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀停止工作，同时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器90，提醒使用人员完成保养，使用人员需要检查机油保养情况。
挖掘机在每次启动时，油浴式空滤器20的液位传感器52检测油浴式空滤器20中的机油液位并将液位信号传输给控制器60。控制器60据此计算是否需要加注机油。当计算出油浴式空滤器20中的机油不足时，即油浴式空滤器20的实际机油液位小于油浴式空滤器20的第一预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员加注机油。此时，使用人员可以按动显示屏上油浴式空滤器20的机油加注按钮，控制器60接受到机油加注 按钮的信号并发出信号，控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀开始工作，将机油通过第二管路72、第五管路75、第一管路71充入油浴式空滤器20中。加注过程中，油浴式空滤器20的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60，当达到油浴式空滤器20的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制泵油部件41和电磁换向停止工作，电磁换向阀切换到中位，切断油路。
挖掘机在每次启动时和工作过程中，油浴式空滤器20中的机油粘度传感器检测油浴式空滤器20中的机油粘度并将机油粘度信号发送给控制器60。当控制器60判定实际机油粘度低于预设机油粘度，控制器60将发出信号，控制泵油部件41工作，且控制电磁换向阀切换油路，将油浴式空滤器20中的机油通过第一管路71、第五管路75和第三管路73抽回到油箱30的第二油腔32中，直到液位传感器52检测到油浴式空滤器20中的机油液位达到零。此时控制器60控制泵油部件41反向工作，控制电磁换向阀切换为反向油路，将油箱30的第二油腔32中经过沉淀的机油通过第二管路72、第五管路75、第一管路71抽入到油浴式空滤器20中。直到液位传感器52检测到油浴式空滤器20中的机油液位达到第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制泵油部件41和电磁换向阀停止工作。被抽回到油箱30的第二油腔32中的机油经过沉淀，将过滤的灰尘沉淀到的第二油腔32的底部，保证第二油腔32中上部机油的清洁度。清洁机油充入到油浴式空滤器20中，延长油浴式空滤器20的保养周期，降低进气阻力，提高发动机运行的经济性。
需要说明的是，发动机的第一预设机油液位与油浴式空滤器20的第一预设机油液位可以是相同的数值，也可以是不同的数值。发动机的第二预设机油液位与油浴式空滤器20的第二预设机油液位是不同的数值。发动机的预设机油粘度与油浴式空滤器20的预设机油粘可以是相同的数值，也可以是不同的数值。第一预设机油液位大于0且小于第二预设机油液位。第一预设机油液位为低机油液位，第二预设机油液位为高机油液位。
实施例二
如图2所示，实施例二的机油保养系统与实施例一大体相同。二者的区别主要在于泵油部件的数量不同。出于简洁的目的，相同之处不再赘述。
在实施例二中，泵油部件设有两个且分别为第一泵油部件42和第二泵油部件43。泵油部件41设有两个且分别为第一泵油部件42和第二泵油部件43。第一泵油部件42分别通过管路与待保养部件、油箱30连通。第二泵油部件43分别通过管路与待保养部件、油箱30连通。
示例性地，多个管路包括第一管路71、第二管路72、第三管路73及第四管路74。第一管路71的第一端与待保养部件连通，第二端与第一泵油部件42的一个油口连通。第一泵油部件42的另一个油口与第二管路72的第一端连通。第二管路72的第二端与油箱30连通。第三管路73的第一端与待保养部件连通，第三管路73的第二端与第二泵油部件43的一个油口连通。第二泵油部件43的另一个油口与第四管路74的第一端连通，第四管路74的第二端与油箱30连通。第一管路71、第一泵油部件42及第二管路72形成加油油路。第三管路73、第二泵油部件43、第四管路74形成放油油路。第一泵油部件42启动时，第二泵油部件43停止。第二泵油部件43启动时，第一泵油部件41停止。实施例二的机油保养系统使用一个泵油部件代替实施例一的换向阀，分两路控制机油油路。在一个示例中，第一泵油部件42为第一抽油泵，第二泵油部件43为第二抽油泵。
在本实施例中，第二管路72与第一油腔31连通，第四管路74与第二油腔32连通。当发动机10中的机油的品质不符合设定标准要求时，启动第二泵油部件43，发动机10中的机油依次经过第三管路73、第二泵油部件43、第四管路74流至油箱30的第二油腔32中。放完发动机10中的机油后，启动第一泵油部件42，停止第二泵油部件43，第一油腔31中的清洁机油依次经过第二管路72、第一泵油部件42、第一管路71流至发动机10中。以此方式，便可以实现更换机油，确保发动机正常运行。
在本实施例中，第二管路72、第四管路74均与第二油腔32连通。当油浴式空滤器20 中的机油的品质不符合设定标准要求时，启动第二泵油部件43，油浴式空滤器20中的机油依次经过第三管路73、第二泵油部件43、第四管路74流至油箱30的第二油腔32中，机油在第二油腔32中经过沉淀，将过滤的灰尘沉淀到第二油腔32的底部，保证第二油腔32中上部机油的清洁度。放完油浴式空滤器20中的机油后，启动第一泵油部件42，停止第二泵油部件43，第二油腔32中的清洁机油依次经过第二管路72、第一泵油部件42、第一管路71流至油浴式空滤器20中，实现更换机油，确保油浴式空滤器正常运行。
如图2所示，下面以挖掘机为例，对实施例二的机油保养系统的工作过程进行说明。
在挖掘机每次启机发动机10前的通电自检时，发动机10的液位传感器52检测发动机10的油底壳中的机油液位并将液位信号传输给控制器60，控制器60计算是否需要加注机油。当计算出发动机10的机油不足时，即发动机10的实际机油液位小于发动机10的第一预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员加注机油。此时，使用人员可以按动显示屏上发动机的机油加注按钮，控制器60接受到机油加注按钮的信号并发出信号，控制第一泵油部件42开始工作，将干净的机油从油箱30中抽出，通过第二管路72和第一管路71充入发动机10的油底壳中。加注过程中，发动机10的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到发动机10的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制第一泵油部件42停止工作，锁闭整个油路。在挖掘机每次通电自检过程中，液位传感器52检测到的机油液位超过第二预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员检查机油液位超过预设值原因，对发动机检修。
挖掘机在每次停机时，发动机10的粘度传感器检测机油粘度并将粘度信号传输给控制器60。当控制器60判定实际机油粘度低于预设机油粘度时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员需要进行机油保养。此时，使用人员可以按动发动机10的机油保养按钮，控制器60接受到机油保养按钮的信号并发出信号，控制第二泵油部件43开始工作，将发动机10中使用过的机油抽出，通过第三管路73和第四管路74充入到存放使用过的油箱30的第二油腔32中。当发动机10的液位传感器52检测到机油液位归于零时，表示已经完成发动机放油工作。此时，控制器60将发出信号，控制第二泵油部件43停止工作，锁闭整个油路。接着，控制器60再次发出信号，控制抽第一泵油部件42开始工作，将干净的机油从油箱30中抽出，通过第二管路72和第一管路71充入发动机10的油底壳中。加注过程中，发动机10的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到发动机10的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制第一泵油部件42停止工作，锁闭整个油路。
在挖掘机每次启动时，油浴式空滤器20的液位传感器52检测油浴式空滤器20中的机油液位并将液位信号传输给控制器60，控制器60计算是否需要加注机油。当计算出油浴式空滤器20中的机油不足时，即油浴式空滤器20的实际机油液位小于油浴式空滤器20的第一预设机油液位时，控制器60发出信号给声光报警器，提醒使用人员加注机油。此时，使用人员可以按动显示屏上油浴式空滤器20的机油加注按钮，控制器60接受到机油加注按钮的信号并发出信号，控制第一泵油部件42开始工作，将机油通过第二管路72和第一管路71充入油浴式空滤器20中。加注过程中，油浴式空滤器20的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到油浴式空滤器20的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制第一泵油部件42停止工作，切断油路。
在挖掘机每次启动时和整机工作过程中，油浴式空滤器20中的粘度传感器检测油浴式空滤器20中的机油粘度并将机油粘度信号发送给控制器60。当控制器60判定实际机油粘度低于预设机油粘度，控制器60将发出信号，控制第二泵油部件43工作，将油浴式空滤器20中的机油通过第三管路73和第四管路74抽回到油箱30的第二油腔32中，直到液位传感器52检测到油浴式空滤器20中的机油液位达到零。此时，控制器60控制第二泵油部件43停止工作，切断油路。控制器60将发出信号，控制第一泵油部件42开始工作，将机油通过第二管路72和第一管路71充入油浴式空滤器20中。加注过程中，油浴式空滤器20 的液位传感器52检测机油液位，并将油位信号发送给控制器60。当达到油浴式空滤器20的第二预设机油液位时，控制器60控制第一泵油部件42停止工作，切断油路。被抽回到油箱30的第二油腔32中的机油中经过沉淀，将过滤的灰尘沉淀到第二油腔32的底部，保证第二油腔32中上部机油的清洁度。清洁机油充入到油浴式空滤器20中，延长油浴式空滤器20的保养周期，降低进气阻力，提高发动机运行的经济性。
需要说明的是，实施例一和实施例二的机油保养系统可以分为发动机机油保养系统和油浴式空滤器机油保养系统，两个机油保养系统原理相同且可以单独使用。
本公开还提供了一种工程机械，其包括本公开提供的机油保养系统。
在本实施例中，工程机械可以，但不限于，为挖掘机、旋挖钻机等。
本公开还提供了一种机油保养方法，其包括步骤A和步骤B。该机油保养方法可以由本公开提供的机油保养系统实施。
在步骤A中，根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息。
在步骤B中，根据实际机油品质信息控制是否对待保养部件进行保养。
应用本实施例的机油保养方法，通过检测待保养部件的实际机油品质信息对待保养部件进行及时保养，确保待保养部件正常运行，进而保障待保养部件的性能。
在本实施例中，步骤B可以包括步骤B1至步骤B3。
在步骤B1中，判断实际机油品质信息是否小于预设机油品质信息。
在步骤B2中，当实际机油品质信息小于预设机油品质信息时，对待保养部件进行放油。
在步骤B3中，在待保养部件放完机油之后，对待保养部件进行加油。
当待保养部件中的机油不符合预设机油品质信息时，将待保养部件中的机油放出，然后将清洁机油充入至待保养部件中，实现自动加油和放油。
在本实施例中，在步骤B2和步骤B3之间，该机油保养方法还包括步骤C至步骤E。
在步骤C中，获取待保养部件的实际机油液位。
在步骤D中，判断实际机油液位是否等于0。
在步骤E中，当实际机油液位等于0时，确定待保养部件已放完机油。
在本实施例中，在步骤B3之后，该机油保养方法还包括步骤F至步骤H。
在步骤F中，获取待保养部件的实际机油液位。
在步骤G中，判断实际机油液位是否等于第二预设机油液位。这里，第二预设机油液位大于第一预设机油液位。
在步骤H中，当实际机油液位等于第二预设机油液位时，对待保养部件停止加油。
在本实施例中，步骤B2包括步骤B21和步骤B22。
在步骤B21中，当实际机油品质信息小于预设机油品质信息时，控制报警器90进行报警。
在步骤B22中，对待保养部件进行放油。
报警器90用于提醒使用人员需要对待保养部件进行保养。
机油保养系统还包括机油保养按钮时，使用人员按动机油保养按钮后，控制器根据机油保养按钮信号控制放油油路和加油油路，通过使用人员按动机油保养按钮可以对待保养部件进行保养。可以理解，作为可替换的实施方式，取消报警步骤，也不需要设置机油保养按钮，当实际机油品质信息小于预设机油品质信息时，对待保养部件进行自动保养。
在本实施例中，在待保养部件为发动机10的情况下，步骤A包括步骤A1。
在步骤A1中，在工程机械停机时获取发动机10的实际机油品质信息。这里，工程机械停机是指关闭工程机械的发动机10，保证检测精度。
在本实施例中，在待保养部件为油浴式空滤器20的情况下，步骤A包括步骤A2。
在步骤A2中，在工程机械启动时或工程机械工作时获取油浴式空滤器20的实际机油品质信息。
在本实施例中，该机油保养方法还可以包括以下步骤I至步骤N。
在步骤I中，在工程机械启动时获取待保养部件的实际机油液位。
在步骤J中，判断实际机油液位是否小于第一预设机油液位。
在步骤K中，当实际机油液位小于第一预设机油液位时，对待保养部件进行加油。
在步骤L中，在对待保养部件进行加油时，获取待保养部件的实际机油液位。
在步骤M中，判断实际机油液位是否等于第二预设机油液位。这里，第二预设机油液位大于第一预设机油液位。
在步骤N中，当实际机油液位等于第二预设机油液位时，对待保养部件停止加油。
在工程机械启动时对待保养部件的机油液位进行检测，保证待保养部件正常工作。
在本实施例中，步骤K包括步骤K1和步骤K2。
在步骤K1中，当实际机油液位小于第一预设机油液位时，控制报警器90进行报警。
在步骤K2中，对待保养部件进行加油。
报警器90用于提醒使用人员需要对待保养部件进行加注机油，机油保养系统还包括机油加注按钮时，机油加注按钮与控制器60电连接，使用人员按动机机油加注按钮后，控制器根据机油加注按钮的信号控制加油油路，通过使用人员按动机油加注按钮可以对待保养部件进行加注机油。可以理解，作为可替换的实施方式，取消报警步骤，也不需要设置机油加注按钮，当实际机油液位小于第一预设机油液位时，对待保养部件进行自动加油。
在本实施例中，在步骤I之后，该机油保养方法还包括步骤O和步骤P。
在步骤O中，判断实际机油液位是否大于第二预设机油液位。
在步骤P中，当实际机油液位大于第二预设机油液位时，控制报警器90进行报警。
报警器90提醒使用人员检查机油液位超过预设值原因，对发动机检修。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本公开的上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果。
首先，机油保养系统包括发动机、液位传感器、粘度传感器、胶管、泵油部件、电磁换向阀、油箱、油浴式空滤器、控制器、声光报警器等。液位传感器检测发动机内的机油液位和油浴式空滤器内的机油液位。粘度传感器检测发动机内的机油粘度和油浴式空滤器内的机油粘度。胶管用于将发动机、泵油部件、电磁换向阀、油箱、油浴式空滤器连接起来，用于传输机油。泵油部件为机油输送提供动力，并具有锁闭功能，防止机油泄漏。电磁换向阀用于控制机油的传输方向。油箱用于盛放干净机油和使用后机油。油浴式空滤器用于滤除进气中的颗粒物，为发动机提供清洁的空气。控制器控制用于控制和传输液位传感器、粘度传感器、电磁换向阀和声光报警器的信号。声光报警器用于显示报警信息和报警声音，提醒使用人员保养，声光报警器可以包含显示屏，声音报警器等。
其次，采用粘度传感器检测发动机或者油浴式空滤器中机油的粘度，当机油粘度低于设定的标准值时，通过泵油部件和电磁切换阀或者两个泵油部件实现机油的自动加注和放油，对发动机和油浴式空滤器的机油进行自动保养，实现智能监控和控制，确保发动机或油浴式空滤器正常运行，可以提高使用人员发动机和油浴式空滤器保养的智能化和便利性，且将油浴式空滤器过滤后机油在油箱的第二油腔中沉淀，清洁机油充入到油浴式空滤器中，延长油浴式空滤器的保养周期，降低进气阻力，提高发动机运行的经济性。
再次，每次启动工程机械前，采用液位传感器监控发动机或者油浴式空滤器中机油的油位，通过泵油部件和电磁切换阀或者两个泵油部件实现机油的自动加注，实现智能监控和控制，保证发动机机油或油浴式空滤器油液位正常。
再次，采用粘度传感器和液位传感器检测发动机或者油浴式空滤器中机油的粘度和液位，当机油粘度低于设定的标准值时或者液位低于设定的标准值时，通过控制器控制声光报警器发出声光警报，提醒使用人员检查和保养。
再次，第一油腔和第二油腔的底部均设有放油孔，油箱的底部可拆卸设置在安装部件上，方便对油箱进行清洗。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于 所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本公开创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种机油保养系统，其特征在于，包括：
    待保养部件、油箱和泵油部件，通过多个管路连接并形成一条放油油路和一条加油油路，其中所述放油油路和所述加油油路中的一个处于流通状态且另一个处于截止状态；
    机油品质传感器，设置在所述待保养部件上；
    控制器，与所述机油品质传感器和所述泵油部件电连接，其中
    当所述放油油路处于流通状态时，所述泵油部件将所述待保养部件中的机油输送至所述油箱；当所述加油油路处于流通状态时，所述泵油部件将所述油箱中的机油输送至所述待保养部件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述机油保养系统还包括液位传感器，所述液位传感器设置在所述待保养部件上且与所述控制器电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述泵油部件设有一个，所述机油保养系统还包括换向阀，所述换向阀具有第一油口、第二油口及第三油口，所述第一油口、所述泵油部件及所述待保养部件通过所述管路连通，所述第二油口、所述第三油口分别通过所述管路与所述油箱连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述泵油部件设有两个且分别为第一泵油部件和第二泵油部件，所述第一泵油部件分别通过所述管路与所述待保养部件、所述油箱连通，所述第二泵油部件分别通过所述管路与所述待保养部件、所述油箱连通。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述油箱具有隔开的第一油腔和第二油腔，所述待保养部件为发动机，一个所述管路与所述第一油腔连通，另一个所述管路与所述第二油腔连通。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述待保养部件为油浴式空滤器，两个所述管路均与所述第二油腔连通。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述机油保养系统还包括报警器，所述报警器与所述控制器电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的机油保养系统，其特征在于，所述机油品质传感器包括粘度传感器。
  9. 一种工程机械，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至8中任一项所述的机油保养系统。
  10. 一种机油保养方法，其特征在于，包括：
    根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息；
    根据所述实际机油品质信息控制是否对所述待保养部件进行保养。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述实际机油品质信息控制是否对所述保养部件进行保养包括：
    判断所述实际机油品质信息是否小于预设机油品质信息；
    当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油；
    在所述待保养部件放完机油之后，对所述待保养部件进行加油。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，在所述当实际机油品质信息小于预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油和所述在所述待保养部件放完机油之后，对所述待保养部件进行加油之间还包括：
    获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；
    判断所述实际机油液位是否等于0；
    当所述实际机油液位等于0时，所述待保养部件已放完机油。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的机油保养方法，所述当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，对所述待保养部件进行放油包括：
    当所述实际机油品质信息小于所述预设机油品质信息时，控制报警器进行报警；
    对所述待保养部件进行放油。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，在所述待保养部件为发动机的情况下，所述在根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息包括：在所述工程机械停机时获取所述发动机的实际机油品质信息。
  15. 根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，在所述待保养部件为油浴式空滤器的情况下，所述在根据工程机械的状态获取待保养部件的实际机油品质信息包括：在所述工程机械启动时或所述工程机械工作时获取油浴式空滤器的实际机油品质信息。
  16. 根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，所述机油保养方法还包括：
    在所述工程机械启动时获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；
    判断所述实际机油液位是否小于第一预设机油液位；
    当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件进行加油；
    在对所述待保养部件进行加油时，获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位；
    判断所述实际机油液位是否等于第二预设机油液位，其中所述第二预设机油液位大于所述第一预设机油液位；
    当所述实际机油液位等于所述第二预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件停止加油。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，所述当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，对所述待保养部件进行加油包括：
    当所述实际机油液位小于所述第一预设机油液位时，控制报警器进行报警；
    对所述待保养部件进行加油。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的机油保养方法，其特征在于，在所述在所述工程机械启动时获取所述待保养部件的实际机油液位之后，还包括：
    判断所述实际机油液位是否大于第二预设机油液位；
    当所述实际机油液位大于所述第二预设机油液位时，控制报警器进行报警。
PCT/CN2022/090358 2021-11-30 2022-04-29 机油保养系统、工程机械及机油保养方法 WO2023097962A1 (zh)

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