WO2023093522A1 - 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车 - Google Patents

一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023093522A1
WO2023093522A1 PCT/CN2022/130563 CN2022130563W WO2023093522A1 WO 2023093522 A1 WO2023093522 A1 WO 2023093522A1 CN 2022130563 W CN2022130563 W CN 2022130563W WO 2023093522 A1 WO2023093522 A1 WO 2023093522A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bottom door
top cover
low
loading
car
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/130563
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆强
杨诗卫
李冬
薛海莲
刘灿
金业全
王璞
冯创友
龙建国
谷美娜
陶斌
钟晓峰
李军生
赵寿鑫
张振龙
张志发
Original Assignee
中车眉山车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车眉山车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车眉山车辆有限公司
Priority to AU2022398047A priority Critical patent/AU2022398047A1/en
Publication of WO2023093522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093522A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D7/00—Hopper cars
    • B61D7/02—Hopper cars with discharge openings in the bottoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D39/00—Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs
    • B61D39/006—Opening and closing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of grain hopper vehicles, in particular to a large-capacity grain hopper vehicle suitable for low-loading silos.
  • the grain hopper car is specially used for transporting bulk grain.
  • the top of the compartment is provided with a loading port, and the lower compartment is funnel-shaped. Matched with the loading and unloading facilities, when loading, the grain is loaded into the vehicle body through the loading port through the unloading chute, and the grain automatically flows out by its own gravity when unloading.
  • the grain hopper car can effectively shorten the loading and unloading operation time, speed up the vehicle turnover, improve the loading and unloading labor conditions, and reduce the transportation cost.
  • the weight of the entire top cover of the existing grain hopper car is split through sections, and the weight of each section of the top cover can satisfy one person to operate the top cover alone.
  • the auxiliary time for operating all the top covers to complete a grain loading is relatively long, and then there is a problem affecting the transportation efficiency.
  • the operator needs to perform the opening and closing operation of the above-mentioned roof structure on the roof, and improper operation will bring personal injury to the operator.
  • CN101618725B discloses a grain hopper car with pneumatic and manual opening of the top cover, which improves the operating efficiency and the safety of operators, but the invention mainly has the following disadvantages.
  • the transmission shaft for opening the top cover is arranged on the roof.
  • the space in the height direction of the vehicle is reduced, and the loading height in the vehicle is reduced, which is not conducive to increasing the volume of the vehicle.
  • this arrangement is not suitable for the station conditions with low loading and leaky warehouses, which reduces the applicability of the vehicle.
  • the purpose of the present invention is: the present invention provides a large-capacity grain hopper car suitable for low-loading silos, which solves the time-consuming and labor-intensive problem of opening and closing the traditional top cover.
  • a large-capacity grain hopper car suitable for low-load leaking warehouses including a car body, the loading port of the car body is provided with a top cover opening and closing mechanism, the top cover opening and closing mechanism includes a top cover and a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is located on the car body Inside, the transmission shaft is connected with the top cover driving mechanism, the transmission shaft is hinged with the crank throw, and the crank throw is hinged with the top cover.
  • the transmission shaft is arranged in the inner space of the car body, and the upper space of the roof is used to the maximum extent, so that the roof is the closest to the upper limit, which is beneficial to increase the volume of the vehicle and the loading capacity of the whole train under the condition of the same vehicle length.
  • Side sliding or translation is provided on the car body, which can be flexibly designed according to needs.
  • the car body is provided with a coupler buffer device, an air brake device, a manual brake device and a bogie to realize various functions of the car body.
  • the vehicle body includes an underframe, the bottom of the underframe is provided with a funnel, the upper part of the underframe is provided with front and rear side walls and left and right end walls, and the upper part of the side walls and end walls is provided with a roof. There is a loading port and a loading port on the roof.
  • the bottom frame is the bottom support frame, the side walls and end walls surround the surroundings, the funnel surrounds the bottom and realizes unloading through opening and closing, and the top cover covers the top and realizes loading through opening and closing.
  • the underframe includes left and right end beams and front and rear side beams, a middle large beam and end small beams are arranged between the side beams, and a traction beam is arranged between the end beams and the outermost large beam, A corbel is arranged between the traction beam and the side beam, and a steel floor is arranged above between the end beam and the outermost large beam.
  • the chassis is assembled and welded by end beams, corbel beams, traction beams, side beams, large beams, small beams and steel floors.
  • the funnel includes left and right end funnel plates and horizontal funnel plates, and front and rear longitudinal funnel plates.
  • the end funnel plates, horizontal funnel plates, and longitudinal funnel plates form a funnel shape with a large top and a small bottom.
  • the plane where the mouth is located is arranged obliquely.
  • the side wall includes an upper side beam, the upper side beam is connected to the outer side wall panel, the inner side of the side wall panel is provided with a partition wall, the side wall panel is arc-shaped, and the upper side beam and the partition wall are opposite to the side wall Board for support connection.
  • the partition wall includes a partition, the side wall board is connected to the partition board, the partition board is connected to the first diagonal brace, and a reinforcing beam on the partition board is connected between the first diagonal brace and the side wall board.
  • a first horizontal belt is connected between the upper side beams, and ribs are arranged on the first horizontal belt.
  • the end wall includes an end wall panel, an upper beam and a second horizontal belt are arranged on the end wall panel, and a second diagonal brace, a column and a reinforcing plate are arranged between the end wall panel and the bottom frame.
  • the roof includes a roof panel, the roof panel is provided with a longitudinal loading opening frame and an end loading opening frame, and the roof panel is provided with a longitudinal reinforcement beam, a roof bending beam and connecting angle steel.
  • the driving mechanism provides power to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the bell crank rotates, and the connecting lever rotates synchronously to realize the translation of the four-bar linkage mechanism and the sliding opening and closing of the top cover at the loading port.
  • the middle part of the transmission shaft is arranged on the opposite bearing seat in the vehicle body, and the two ends of the transmission shaft are arranged on the end bearing seats outside the vehicle body, and the rotation support installation of the transmission shaft is realized through the bearing seats.
  • the loading port of the vehicle body is provided with a transverse limiter
  • the transverse limiter is a transverse locking seat
  • the transverse locking seat is provided with a locking groove
  • the locking groove cooperates with the locking lever on the top cover.
  • the loading port of the vehicle body is provided with a longitudinal limiter, which is a longitudinal stopper, and is set to limit the cover longitudinally in the closed state.
  • the vehicle body is provided with a lever stopper, which is located at the opening position of the connecting lever, and supports and limits the connecting lever in the closed state.
  • the transmission shaft is connected to the rocker arm, the rocker arm is hinged to the telescopic member, and the telescopic member is hinged to the vehicle body.
  • the swinging rotation of the rocker arm is realized through the hinged telescopic member, and the drive shaft is driven to rotate synchronously.
  • the telescopic part is a self-locking cylinder, which can be unlocked only after the pressure reaches a certain value, so as to realize the push out of the bottom door.
  • the cargo opening of the car body is provided with a sealed bottom door mechanism.
  • the sealed bottom door mechanism includes a bottom door frame, a bottom door and a slideway.
  • the bottom door slides on the slideway.
  • the support height of the support portion of the slideway increases gradually along the closing direction, and/or the lifting height of the lifting portion of the bottom door gradually increases along the opening direction.
  • the bottom door is close to the bottom door frame when it is closed, and is far away from the bottom door frame when it is opened. Reduces friction for easy opening.
  • the bottom door frame includes left and right horizontal bottom door frames, and a lateral bottom door frame and a cross beam are connected between the horizontal bottom door frames, and a funnel opening is formed between the lateral bottom door frame, the horizontal bottom door frame and the cross beam, so that the bottom door can block Sealing is carried out, and the bottom door is opened for unloading.
  • the bottom door includes a bottom door panel, which is slidably arranged on the slideway, and the bottom door panel is connected with the sliding driving mechanism.
  • the horizontal sliding of the bottom door panel is realized through the driving mechanism to realize its opening and closing function.
  • the sliding drive mechanism includes a rack, the rack is arranged on the bottom door panel, the rack is meshed with the gear, the gear is arranged on the bottom door shaft, and the transmission and sliding of the bottom door panel are realized through the gear and the rack.
  • the sliding drive mechanism can also adopt other structural types.
  • the bottom door panel is provided with two parallel racks, and the left and right two racks can ensure the synchronization and stability of sliding.
  • the upper part of the slideway is provided with a low support part and a high support part, the height difference between the low support part and the high support part is h, and the lower part of the bottom door is provided with a low lift part and a high lift part , the height difference between the low lifting part and the high lifting part is h.
  • the slideway is a roller table
  • the roller table includes left and right joists, pin shafts are arranged between the joist beams, and rotating rollers are arranged on the pin shafts as supporting parts.
  • the height difference of the supporting part coincides with the height difference of the lifting part, which can realize the stable rise or fall of compensating type, and the roller is used as the support and sliding part of the slideway.
  • a connecting plate is connected between the left and right joists.
  • rollers include the first roller as the high support part, and the second roller and the third roller as the low support part, and the rollers with different height differences form a stepped support arrangement.
  • the bottom door panel is provided with a sealing adjustment plate as a high lifting part, the lower end surface of the bottom door panel is a low lifting part, the height of the sealing adjustment plate is h, and the sealing adjustment plate is used as a point and a half to form a stepped Lift arrangement.
  • bottom door panel is provided with two parallel slideways to ensure the stability of sliding and lifting.
  • the grain hopper vehicle innovates the layout of the roof opening and closing mechanism, and installs the transmission shaft for opening and closing the roof that is traditionally placed on the roof in the inner space of the vehicle body, maximizing the use of the upper space of the roof, so that The roof is the closest to the upper limit, which is beneficial to increase the vehicle volume and the loading capacity of the whole train under the same vehicle length; through the translation or sliding top cover, the upper space occupied during the opening process of the top cover is reduced, which is suitable for low-load leaky warehouses Station conditions.
  • the top cover plate adopts a pressure-type structure, which reduces the free area of the top cover plate and increases its rigidity; there are self-locking cylinders at both ends of the top cover to ensure its vertical locking ability when the top cover is closed;
  • the end of the cover is provided with a longitudinal stopper to ensure its longitudinal locking ability when the top cover is closed;
  • the middle part of the top cover is provided with a locking seat and locking rod to ensure its lateral locking ability when the top cover is closed;
  • Both the bearing seat and crank throw adopt split structure, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance of the drive shaft;
  • the end bearing seat adopts sealed deep groove ball bearing.
  • Three unequal height rollers are arranged in the bottom door roller table.
  • the contact combination between the bottom door plate and the sealing adjustment plate realizes the automatic change of the gap between the bottom door and the bottom door frame when the bottom door is opened and closed;
  • the first roller and the third roller contact and press the bottom door panel, the gap between the bottom door panel and the bottom door frame is zero, and the goods are completely sealed;
  • a gap is formed between the door panel and the bottom door frame for easy opening.
  • Both the top cover and the bottom door can be opened and closed pneumatically, which improves the efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the operator to ensure the safety of the operation.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural front view of the vehicle body of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of the chassis of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of the structure of the funnel of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a left view of the structure of the side wall of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a left view of the structure of the end wall of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural plan view of the roof of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural front view of the top cover opening and closing mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural top view of the top cover opening and closing mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a left side view (closed) of the structure of the top cover opening and closing mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a left side view (opened) of the structure of the opening and closing mechanism of the top cover of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of the bearing seat of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a partial schematic view of the lateral locking seat of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a partial schematic diagram of the longitudinal stop of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural front view (section) of the sealed bottom door mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is an axial view of the bottom door frame structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a front view (section) of the bottom door structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is an axial view of the bottom door structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 is an axial view of the roller table structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20 is a front view (section) of the roller table structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the opening process of the bottom door of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the opening state of the bottom door of the present invention.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the bottom door of the present invention.
  • Second diagonal brace 145-column, 146-reinforcing plate; 151-roof panel, 152-longitudinal reinforcement beam, 153-roof curved beam, 154-longitudinal loading opening frame, 155-end loading opening frame , 156-connection angle steel.
  • 31-bottom door frame, 32-bottom door, 33-roller table 311-lateral bottom door frame, 312-horizontal bottom door frame, 313-beam; 321-bottom door panel, 322-sealing adjustment plate, 323-rack, 324- Bottom door shaft, 325-gear; 331-joist, 332-pin shaft, 333-connecting plate, 334-roller, 3341-first roller, 3342-second roller, 3343-third roller.
  • a large-capacity grain hopper vehicle suitable for low-load leaking bins includes a vehicle body 1 on which a coupler buffer device 4, an air brake device, and a manual brake device 6 are installed. and bogie 7.
  • Car body 1 comprises underframe 11, and the bottom of underframe 11 is provided with funnel 12, and funnel 12 is provided with loading opening, and funnel is used for the lifting of grain goods, opens the loading opening on the funnel and can realize falling automatically.
  • the top of the chassis 11 is provided with front and rear side walls 13 and left and right end walls 14, and the side walls and end walls enclose a space for accommodating grain goods.
  • the top of the side wall 13 and the end wall 14 is provided with a roof 15, and the roof 15 is provided with a loading port, and the roof is used to cover grain goods, and opening the loading port on the roof can realize the loading operation.
  • the underframe 11 includes left and right end beams 111 and front and rear side beams 114, and a rectangular frame structure is formed between the end beams and the side beams. Between the side beams 114 are arranged transversely arranged middle large beams 115 and small beams 116 at both ends, and the large and small beams are used to strengthen the connection between the front and rear side beams.
  • a traction beam 113 is provided between the end beam 111 and the outermost large beam 115, and the traction beam is used for longitudinal traction and force.
  • a corbel 112 is provided between the traction beam 113 and the side beam 114, and the corbel is used for strengthening support.
  • An upper steel floor 117 is provided between the end beam 111 and the outermost large beam 115, and the steel floor is used to cover the gap at the end to form an installation plane.
  • the funnel 12 includes left and right end funnel plates 121, a transverse funnel plate 122, and front and rear longitudinal funnel plates 123.
  • the end funnel plates 121, the transverse funnel plates 122 and the longitudinal funnel plates 123 form a funnel shape with a large top and a small bottom, so as to facilitate the transportation of grain goods.
  • the automatic drop, and the lower part of the funnel forms a discharge port.
  • the height of the lowermost end of the end funnel plate is lower than the height of the lowermost end of the horizontal funnel plate 122, so that the plane where the loading port of the funnel 12 is located is inclined, thereby realizing the inclined arrangement of the sealed bottom door mechanism 3 .
  • the side wall 13 includes an upper side beam 131, and the upper side beam is located above to support and connect the side wall panels.
  • the upper side beam 131 is connected with the outer side wall panel 132, and the inner side of the side wall panel 132 is provided with a partition wall 133, and the side wall panel 132 is in the shape of an outwardly convex arc to increase the internal loading capacity.
  • the partition wall 133 includes a partition 1331, and the partition is used to partially separate the loading space, so as to facilitate the falling of grain goods in various parts at the loading port.
  • the side wall panels 132 are connected to the partition boards 1331, and the partition boards can support the side wall panels.
  • the partition board 1331 is connected with the first diagonal brace 1332, and the first diagonal brace supports the partition board and the side wall panels.
  • a reinforcing beam 1333 on the partition plate 1331 is connected between the first diagonal brace 1332 and the side wall panel 132 to strengthen the connection structure.
  • the first horizontal belt 1334 is connected between the opposite upper side beams 131, and the first horizontal belt 1334 is provided with a rib plate 1335, and the first horizontal belt is connected between the opposite upper side beams, and the upper side beams are connected by tension. , to enhance its structural strength.
  • the end wall 14 includes an end wall board 141, which is a bent structure with an upper vertical and a lower slope, and encloses the end.
  • the end wall panel 141 is provided with an upper end beam 142 and a second horizontal belt 143 to strengthen the end wall panel itself.
  • a second diagonal brace 144, a column 145 and a reinforcing plate 146 are provided between the end wall panel 141 and the base frame 11 to support the end wall panel and ensure the stability of the end wall panel.
  • Roof 15 comprises roof plate 151, and roof plate 151 is provided with longitudinal loading opening frame 154 and end loading opening frame 155, and longitudinal loading opening frame 154 and end loading opening frame 155 encircle a rectangular loading area. Cargo port.
  • the roof panel 151 is provided with a longitudinal reinforcement beam 152, a roof curved beam 153 and a connecting angle steel 156, so as to strengthen and connect the roof panel itself and the cargo opening frame.
  • the loading port of the car body 1 is provided with a top cover opening and closing mechanism 2, and the top cover opening and closing mechanism 2 includes a top cover 21, a transmission shaft 22, a bearing support 23, a pair of bearing supports 24, End bearing seat 25, longitudinal stopper 26, lateral lock seat 27, lever stopper 28, self-locking cylinder 29, connecting lever 211, crank throw 212 and rocking arm 213.
  • the top cover 21 is located at the loading port of the vehicle body, and the top cover 21 at the loading port is opened or covered to realize charging or sealing.
  • the top cover 21 is assembled and welded by the top cover plate and the top cover beam, and the top cover 21 is provided with a support, and the support is hinged with the bell crank 212 .
  • the top cover 21 adopts a profiled structure, which reduces the free area of the top cover and increases its rigidity.
  • top cover 21 is hinged with bell cranks 212 (seven on the car body and two outside the car), and the bell cranks 212 are connected with the transmission shaft 22 rotating in the car body.
  • the lever 211 is hinged with the car body, so that a four-bar linkage mechanism is formed between the car body, the bellcrank, the connecting lever and the top cover, which can realize the translation of the top cover 21 above, and at the same time cooperate with the built-in setting of the drive shaft 22 to reduce the entire installation space , to improve applicability.
  • the middle part of the transmission shaft 22 is arranged on the opposite bearing seat 24 in the vehicle body, and the two ends of the transmission shaft 22 are arranged on the end bearing seat 25 outside the vehicle body.
  • Both the bearing seat and crank throw adopt split structure, which is convenient for the disassembly and maintenance of the transmission shaft.
  • the bearing seat adopts split bearing, and there is a nylon bushing inside the bearing, which plays the role of wear resistance and lubrication.
  • the end bearing seat is composed of a bearing cover, a rubber pad and a deep groove ball bearing with a sealing ring. The end is protected against rain and dust through a labyrinth structure, a sealing ring and a sealing pad.
  • the bearing seat 24 is installed on the bearing support 23, and the bearing support 23 is fixed on the side wall beam. orientation adjustment.
  • a transverse limiter and a longitudinal limiter are arranged at the loading port of the car body. Longitudinal, transverse and vertical locking functions are realized through longitudinal stopper, transverse locking seat and self-locking cylinder.
  • the lateral limiter is a lateral locking seat 27, and the lateral locking seat 27 is provided with a locking groove, which cooperates with the locking lever on the top cover 21 to ensure its lateral locking ability when the top cover is in a closed state.
  • the longitudinal limiting member is a longitudinal stop 26, and the longitudinal stop ensures its longitudinal locking capability when the top cover is in a closed state.
  • the car body is provided with a lever stopper 28, which is located at the opening position of the connecting lever 211, and the lever stopper is used to limit the connecting lever.
  • the connecting lever is placed on the lever stopper , to limit the four-bar linkage.
  • Power transmission shaft 22 is connected with driving mechanism, and driving mechanism comprises rocking arm 213 and telescopic part, and power transmission shaft 22 is connected with rocking arm 213, and rocking arm 213 is hinged with telescopic part, and telescopic part is hinged with car body, and telescopic part is self-locking cylinder 29.
  • the driving force is provided by the self-locking cylinder to drive the rocker arm to rotate to realize the rotation of the transmission shaft.
  • the self-locking cylinder guarantees its vertical locking ability when the top cover is closed.
  • the process of opening the top cover the air circuit of the vehicle inflates the self-locking cylinder, and when the pressure reaches a certain value, the piston rod of the self-locking cylinder is pushed out, driving two sets of rocker arms on the outside of the car body, and the rocker arm drives the transmission shaft located in the middle of the car body to rotate, and the transmission
  • the shaft drives the crankshaft inside the car body and the top cover support to move, and the support on the opposite side of the top cover support is connected to the fixed support of the end wall through the connecting rod, and the top cover is restricted to complete the opening of the top cover; when the cylinder is retracted, it is completed Closing of the top cover.
  • the cargo opening of the car body 1 is provided with a sealed bottom door mechanism 3, and the sealed bottom door mechanism 3 includes a bottom door frame 31, a bottom door 32 and a slideway, and the bottom door 32 is slidably located on the slide
  • the bottom door frame 31 is in contact with the bottom door 32, the support height of the support portion of the slideway increases gradually along the closing direction, and the lifting height of the lifting portion of the bottom door 32 gradually increases along the opening direction.
  • the bottom door frame 31 includes left and right horizontal bottom door frames 312, and a lateral bottom door frame 311 and a cross beam 313 are welded and connected between the horizontal bottom door frames 312, and a rectangular bottom door frame 311 is formed between the lateral bottom door frame 311, the horizontal bottom door frame 312 and the cross beam 313.
  • funnel mouth is formed between the lateral bottom door frame 311, the horizontal bottom door frame 312 and the cross beam 313.
  • the bottom door 32 includes a bottom door panel 321 , which is slidably arranged on the slideway, and the bottom door panel 321 is connected with the sliding driving mechanism.
  • the sliding drive mechanism includes a rack 323, two parallel racks 323 are fixed on the bottom door panel 321 by screws, the rack 323 is meshed with a gear 325, and the gear 325 is connected to the bottom door shaft 324 through a pin key, which can be rotated around the bottom door.
  • the central axis of the shaft 324 rotates, and the bottom door shaft 324 can be driven to rotate by a motor, which drives the gear 325 to rotate and meshes with the rack 323 to realize the front and rear movement of the bottom door panel 321 .
  • the bottom door plate 321 is provided with two parallel slideways to ensure the stability of the sliding support for the bottom door 32 .
  • the slideway is a roller table 33, and the roller table 33 includes left and right joists 331, and pin shafts 332 are arranged between the joists 331, and the top of the pin shafts 332 is provided with a rotating roller 334 as a support portion, and between the left and right joists 331
  • a connecting plate 333 is welded to connect the left and right joists 331 together.
  • the support portion includes a low support portion and a high support portion
  • the first roller 3341 is used as the high support portion
  • the second roller 3342 and the third roller 3343 of equal height are used as the low support portion
  • the height difference between the low support portion and the high support portion is h.
  • the bottom of the bottom door 32 is provided with a low lifting portion and a high lifting portion
  • the bottom door plate 321 is fixed with a seal adjustment plate 322 as a high lifting portion by screws.
  • the height difference between the lifting part and the high lifting part, that is, the height of the sealing adjustment plate 322 is h.
  • Bottom door opening process before opening, the first roller 3341 contacts the bottom door panel 321, there is a gap h between the second roller 3342 and the bottom door panel 321, the third roller 3343 contacts the seal adjustment plate 322, and the bottom door panel 321 contacts the bottom door frame 31 Fits seamlessly.
  • the bottom door shaft 324 rotates, driving the gear 325 to rotate in the same direction, and the gear 325 meshes with the rack 323 to convert the rotation into a translational motion, driving the bottom door panel 321 to move a certain distance l toward the right side of the figure, and the first roller 3341 and The bottom door panel 321 is disengaged, the third roller 3343 is separated from the seal adjustment plate 322, the bottom door panel 321 moves vertically downward and forms a gap h with the bottom door frame 31, the second roller 3342 and the third roller 3343 contact the bottom door panel 321, The bottom door panel 321 continues to move to the right until it is opened.
  • Bottom door closing process before closing, the third roller 3343 is in contact with the bottom door panel 321 , and there is a gap h between the bottom door panel 321 and the bottom door frame 31 .
  • the bottom door shaft 324 rotates, driving the gear 325 to rotate in the same direction, and the gear 325 meshes with the rack 323 to convert the rotation into a translational motion, driving the bottom door panel 321 to move to the left as shown in the figure.
  • the second roller 3342 Contact with the bottom door panel 321, when moving to a certain position, the first roller 3341 contacts with the bottom door panel 321, the third roller 3343 contacts with the seal adjustment plate 322, the bottom door panel 321 moves vertically upwards and fits with the bottom door frame 31 without gap, The second roller 3342 is disengaged from the bottom door panel 321, and the bottom door panel 321 continues to move to the left until it is closed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，包括车体（1），车体的装货口设有顶盖开闭机构（2），顶盖开闭机构包括顶盖（21）和传动轴（22），传动轴位于车体内部，传动轴与顶盖驱动机构连接，传动轴与曲拐（212）铰接，曲拐与顶盖铰接。粮食漏斗车为提高车辆容积，创新顶盖开闭机构的布置，将传统置于车顶的顶盖开闭用传动轴设置在车体内部空间，最大化的利用车顶上部空间，使车顶距离上部限界最近，利于在同等车辆长度情况下提高车辆容积，提高整列车的装载能力；通过平动或滑动顶盖，降低顶盖开启过程中上部空间的占用，适应于低装载漏仓站场条件。

Description

一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车 技术领域
本发明属于粮食漏斗车技术领域，具体为一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车。
背景技术
粮食漏斗车专用于运输散装粮食，其车厢的顶部设置有装货口，下部车厢呈漏斗形。与装卸货设施相匹配，装货时通过卸料槽将粮食通过装货口装入车体内，卸货时粮食依靠自身重力作用自动流出。与传统的棚车和敞车运输相比，粮食漏斗车可以有效缩短装卸作业时间，加速车辆周转，改善装卸劳动条件，降低运输成本。
既有粮食漏斗车整个顶盖的重量通过分段得到拆分，每段顶盖的重量可以满足一个人单独对顶盖进行操作。但是，操作全部顶盖完成一次装粮的辅助时间较长，进而存在着影响运输效率的问题。同时，操作者需要在车顶进行上述顶盖结构的开启、闭合操作，操作不当将会给操作人员带来人身伤害。
CN101618725B公开了一种具有气动和手动开启顶盖的粮食漏斗车，提高了操作效率和操作人员的安全性，但是该发明主要存在以下不足，开启顶盖的传动轴布置在车顶，一是占用了车辆高度方向的空间，减少了车内装货高度，不利于提高车辆容积，二是此种布置方式不适应于低装载漏仓的站场条件，降低了车辆的适用性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：本发明提供了一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，解决了传统顶盖开合操作费时费力的问题。
本发明目的通过下述技术方案来实现：
一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，包括车体，车体的装货口设有顶盖开闭机构，顶盖开闭机构包括顶盖和传动轴，传动轴位于车体内部，传动轴与顶盖驱动机构连接，传动轴与曲拐铰接，曲拐与顶盖铰接。将传动轴设置在车体内部空间，最大化的利用车顶上部空间，使车顶距离上部限界最近，利于在同等车辆长度情况下提高车辆容积，提高整列车的装载能力，顶盖的另一侧滑动或平动设在车体上，可以根据需要灵活设计。
进一步的，所述的车体上设有车钩缓冲装置、空气制动装置、手动制动装置和转向架，以实现车体的各种功能。
进一步的，所述的车体包括底架，底架的底部设有漏斗，底架的上部设有前后的侧墙和左右的端墙，侧墙和端墙的上部设有车顶，漏斗上设有下货口，车顶上设有装货口。底架为底部支撑框架，侧墙和端墙对四周进行围挡，漏斗对底部进行围挡并通过开闭实现下货，顶 盖对顶部进行遮盖并通过开闭实现装货。
进一步的，所述的底架包括左右的端梁和前后的侧梁，侧梁之间设有中间的大横梁和端部小横梁，端梁与最外侧的大横梁之间设有牵引梁，牵引梁与侧梁之间设有枕梁，端梁与最外侧的大横梁之间设有位于上方的钢地板。底架由端梁、枕梁、牵引梁、侧梁和大横梁、小横梁及钢地板等组焊而成。
进一步的，所述的漏斗包括左右的端漏斗板和横向漏斗板，以及前后的纵向漏斗板，端漏斗板、横向漏斗板和纵向漏斗板围成上大下小的漏斗状，漏斗的下货口所在的平面倾斜布置。
进一步的，所述的侧墙包括上侧梁，上侧梁与外侧的侧墙板连接，侧墙板的内侧设有隔墙，侧墙板为弧形，上侧梁和隔墙对侧墙板进行支撑连接。
进一步的，所述的隔墙包括隔板，侧墙板与隔板连接，隔板与第一斜撑连接，第一斜撑与侧墙板之间连接有位于隔板上的加强梁，相对的上侧梁之间连接有第一横带，第一横带上设有筋板。
进一步的，所述的端墙包括端墙板，端墙板上设有上端横梁、第二横带，端墙板与底架之间设有第二斜撑、立柱和补强板。
进一步的，所述的车顶包括车顶板，车顶板上设有纵向装货口框和端部装货口框，车顶板上设有纵向加强梁、车顶弯梁和连接角钢。
进一步的，所述的顶盖的一侧与曲拐铰接，顶盖的另一侧与连接杠杆铰接，连接杠杆与车体铰接。驱动机构提供动力，带动传动轴进行旋转，从而曲拐进行转动，连接杠杆同步转动，实现四连杆机构的平动，实现顶盖在装货口处的滑移开合。
进一步的，所述的传动轴的中部设在车体内的对轴承座上，传动轴的两端设在车体外的端轴承座上，通过轴承座实现传动轴的旋转支撑安装。
进一步的，所述的车体的装货口处设有横向限位件，横向限位件为横向锁闭座，横向锁闭座设有锁槽，锁槽与顶盖上的锁闭杆配合，在关闭状态下对盖体进行横向的限位卡设。
进一步的，所述的车体装货口处设有纵向限位件，纵向限位件为纵向止挡，在关闭状态下对盖体进行纵向的限位卡设。
进一步的，所述的车体上设有杠杆止挡，杠杆止挡位于连接杠杆的开启位置处，在关闭状态下对连接杠杆进行支撑限位。
进一步的，所述的传动轴与摇臂连接，摇臂与伸缩件铰接，伸缩件与车体铰接，通过铰接的伸缩件实现摇臂的摆动旋转，同步带动传动轴进行旋转。
进一步的，所述的伸缩件为自锁气缸，在压力达到一定值后方能解锁，实现底门推出。
进一步的，所述的车体的下货口设有密封式底门机构，密封式底门机构包括底门框、底门和滑道，底门滑动设在滑道上，底门框与底门接触贴合，滑道的支撑部的支撑高度沿关闭方向逐渐增高，和/或底门的托举部的托举高度沿开启方向逐渐增高。通过滑道对底门的垫高支撑，或者通过底门自身的垫高托举，实现底门在关闭时向底门框贴近，在开启时向底门框远离，不但能够保证密封贴合，也能减少摩擦方便开启。
进一步的，所述的底门框包括左右的横向底门框，横向底门框之间连接有侧向底门框和横梁，侧向底门框、横向底门框和横梁之间形成漏斗口，以便底门挡设进行密封，底门开启进行下料。
进一步的，所述的底门包括底门板，底门板滑动设在滑道上，底门板与滑移驱动机构连接。通过驱动机构实现底门板的水平滑移，实现其开合作用。
进一步的，所述的滑移驱动机构包括齿条，齿条设在底门板上，齿条与齿轮啮合，齿轮设在底门轴上，通过齿轮、齿条实现底门板的传动滑移。同样的，滑移驱动机构也可以采用其它结构类型。
进一步的，所述的底门板上设有两根平行的齿条，左右两条齿条能够保证滑移的同步性和稳定性。
进一步的，所述的滑道的上部设有低支撑部和高支撑部，低支撑部和高支撑部之间的高差为h，底门的下部设有低托举部和高托举部，低托举部和高托举部之间的高差为h。
进一步的，所述的滑道为辊道，辊道包括左右的托梁，托梁之间设有销轴，销轴上设有旋转的滚轮作为支撑部。支撑部的高差与托举部的高差相吻合，能够实现补偿式的稳定升高或下降，以滚轮作为滑道的支撑、滑移部件。
进一步的，所述的左右的托梁之间连接有连接板。
进一步的，所述的滚轮包括第一滚轮作为高支撑部，还包括第二滚轮和第三滚轮作为低支撑部，以高差不同的滚轮形成阶梯状的支撑布置。
进一步的，所述的底门板上设有密封调整板作为高托举部，底门板的下端面作为低托举部，密封调整板的高度为h，以密封调整板作为点半形成阶梯状的托举布置。
进一步的，所述的底门板上设有两根平行的滑道，保证滑移托举的稳定性。
本发明的有益效果：
1.粮食漏斗车为提高车辆容积，创新顶盖开闭机构的布置，将传统置于车顶的顶盖开闭用传动轴设置在车体内部空间，最大化的利用车顶上部空间，使车顶距离上部限界最近，利于在同等车辆长度情况下提高车辆容积，提高整列车的装载能力；通过平动或滑动顶盖，降低顶盖开启过程中上部空间的占用，适应于低装载漏仓站场条件。
2.顶盖板采用压型结构，减小顶盖板的自由面积，增大其刚度；顶盖两端设有自锁气缸，在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其垂向锁闭能力；顶盖端部设有纵向止挡，在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其纵向锁闭能力；顶盖中部设有锁闭座与锁闭杆，在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其横向锁闭能力；轴承座与曲拐均采用对开式结构，方便传动轴拆卸及维修；端部轴承座采用密封式深沟球轴承。
3.底门辊道中布置三个不等高滚轮，在底门开闭时，底门板、密封调整板之间的接触组合，实现底门开启、关闭时与底门框间隙的自动变化；关门时，第一滚轮、第三滚轮接触压紧底门板，底门板与底门框零间隙，对货物完全密封；开门时，第一滚轮脱离底门板，第二滚轮、第三滚轮接触支撑底门板，底门板与底门框形成间隙，便于开启。
4.顶盖和底门均可通过气动方式实现开闭，提高效率的同时降低操作者的劳动强度，保证作业安全。
前述本发明主方案及其各进一步选择方案可以自由组合以形成多个方案，均为本发明可采用并要求保护的方案；且本发明，(各非冲突选择)选择之间以及和其他选择之间也可以自由组合。本领域技术人员在了解本发明方案后根据现有技术和公知常识可明了有多种组合，均为本发明所要保护的技术方案，在此不做穷举。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构主视图。
图2是本发明车体的结构主视图。
图3是本发明底架的结构俯视图。
图4是本发明漏斗的结构俯视图。
图5是本发明侧墙的结构左视图。
图6是本发明端墙的结构左视图。
图7是本发明车顶的结构俯视图。
图8是本发明顶盖开闭机构的结构主视图。
图9是本发明顶盖开闭机构的结构俯视图。
图10是本发明顶盖开闭机构的结构左视图(关闭)。
图11是本发明顶盖开闭机构的结构左视图(开启)。
图12是本发明对轴承座局部示意图。
图13是本发明横向锁闭座局部示意图。
图14是本发明纵向止挡局部示意图。
图15是本发明密封式底门机构的结构主视图(剖视)。
图16是本发明底门框结构轴向图。
图17是本发明底门结构主视图(剖视)。
图18是本发明底门结构轴向图。
图19是本发明辊道结构轴向图。
图20是本发明辊道结构主视图(剖视)。
图21是本发明底门开启过程示意图。
图22是本发明底门开启状态示意图。
图23是本发明底门关闭状态示意图。
图中：1-车体、2-顶盖开闭机构、3-密封式底门机构、4-车钩缓冲装置、6-手动制动装置、7-转向架。
11-底架、12-漏斗、13-侧墙、14-端墙、15-车顶；111-端梁、112-枕梁、113-牵引梁、114-侧梁、115-大横梁、116-小横梁、117-钢地板；121-端漏斗板、122-横向漏斗板、123-纵向漏斗板、124-补强筋板；131-上侧梁、132-侧墙板、133-隔墙、1331-隔板、1332-第一斜撑、1333-加强梁、1334-第一横带、1335-筋板；141-端墙板、142-上端横梁、143-第二横带、144-第二斜撑、145-立柱、146-补强板；151-车顶板、152-纵向加强梁、153-车顶弯梁、154-纵向装货口框、155-端部装货口框、156-连接角钢。
21-顶盖、22-传动轴、23-轴承支座、24-对轴承座、25-端轴承座、26-纵向止挡、27-横向锁闭座、28-连接杠杆止挡、29-自锁气缸、211-连接杠杆，212-曲拐，213-摇臂。
31-底门框、32-底门、33-辊道；311-侧向底门框、312-横向底门框、313-横梁；321-底门板、322-密封调整板、323-齿条、324-底门轴、325-齿轮；331-托梁、332-销轴、333-连接板、334-滚轮、3341-第一滚轮、3342-第二滚轮、3343-第三滚轮。
具体实施方式
下列非限制性实施例用于说明本发明。
实施例1：
参考图1～图7所示，一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，包括车体1，车体1上设有车钩缓冲装置4、空气制动装置、手动制动装置6和转向架7。
车体1包括底架11，底架11的底部设有漏斗12，漏斗12上设有下货口，漏斗用于粮食货物的托举，打开漏斗上的下货口能够实现自动下落。底架11的上部设有前后的侧墙13和左右的端墙14，侧墙和端墙围挡成容纳粮食货物的空间。侧墙13和端墙14的上部设有车顶15，车顶15上设有装货口，车顶用于对粮食货物进行遮盖，打开车顶上的装货口能够实现装货作业。
底架11包括左右的端梁111和前后的侧梁114，端梁和侧梁之间形成矩形的框架结构。侧梁114之间设有横向布置的中间的大横梁115和两端部的小横梁116，大、小横梁用于对前后的侧梁之间进行连接加强。端梁111与最外侧的大横梁115之间设有牵引梁113，牵引梁用于纵向的牵引受力。牵引梁113与侧梁114之间设有枕梁112，枕梁用于加强支撑。端梁111与最外侧的大横梁115之间设有位于上方的钢地板117，钢地板用于对端部的空隙进行遮挡，形成一个安装平面。
漏斗12包括左右的端漏斗板121、横向漏斗板122以及前后的纵向漏斗板123，端漏斗板121、横向漏斗板122和纵向漏斗板123围成上大下小的漏斗状，以方便粮食货物的自动下落，并且漏斗的下部形成下货口。端漏斗板最下端的高度低于横向漏斗板122最下端的高度，使得漏斗12的下货口所在的平面倾斜布置，从而实现密封式底门机构3的倾斜布置。
侧墙13包括上侧梁131，上侧梁位于上方对侧墙板进行支撑连接。上侧梁131与外侧的侧墙板132连接，侧墙板132的内侧设有隔墙133，侧墙板132为向外凸起的弧形，以提高内部的装货容量。
隔墙133包括隔板1331，隔板用于将装货空间局部隔开，方便各个部位的粮食货物在其下货口下落。侧墙板132与隔板1331连接，隔板能够对侧墙板进行支撑。隔板1331与第一斜撑1332连接，第一斜撑对隔板以及侧墙板进行支撑。第一斜撑1332与侧墙板132之间连接有位于隔板1331上的加强梁1333，对连接结构进行加强。相对的上侧梁131之间连接有第一横带1334，第一横带1334上设有筋板1335，第一横带连接在相对的上侧梁之间，对上侧梁进行对拉连接，加强其结构强度。
端墙14包括端墙板141，端墙板为上竖直下倾斜的弯折结构，对端部进行围挡。端墙板141上设有上端横梁142、第二横带143，以对端墙板本身进行加强。端墙板141与底架11之间设有第二斜撑144、立柱145和补强板146，以对端墙板进行支撑，保证端墙板的稳定。
车顶15包括车顶板151，车顶板151上设有纵向装货口框154和端部装货口框155，纵向装货口框154和端部装货口框155围成矩形的装货口。车顶板151上设有纵向加强梁152、车顶弯梁153和连接角钢156，以对车顶板自身、装货口框进行加强连接。
参考图8～图14所示，车体1的装货口设有顶盖开闭机构2，顶盖开闭机构2包括顶盖21、传动轴22、轴承支座23、对轴承座24、端轴承座25、纵向止挡26、横向锁闭座27、杠杆止挡28、自锁气缸29、连接杠杆211、曲拐212和摇臂213。
顶盖21位于车体装货口处，将装货口处的顶盖21打开或盖上，可以实现装料或封闭。顶盖21由顶盖板和顶盖梁组焊而成，顶盖21上设有支座，支座实现与曲拐212铰接。顶盖21采用压型结构，减小顶盖的自由面积，增大其刚度。
顶盖21的一侧与曲拐212(车体七个、车外两个)铰接，曲拐212与车体内旋转的传动轴22连接，顶盖21的另一侧与连接杠杆211铰接，连接杠杆211与车体铰接，从而车体、曲拐、连接杠杆和顶盖之间形成四连杆机构，能够实现上方顶盖21的平动，同时配合传动轴22内置设置，减少整个的安装空间，提高适用性。
传动轴22的中部设在车体内的对轴承座24上，传动轴22的两端设在车体外的端轴承座25上，通过对轴承座24和端轴承座25实现传动轴22的旋转安装。轴承座与曲拐均采用对开式结构，方便传动轴拆卸及维修。
轴承座采用对开式轴承，轴承内部有尼龙轴套，起到耐磨及润滑作用。端轴承座由轴承盖、橡胶垫及带有密封圈的深沟球轴承组成，通过迷宫结构及密封圈、密封垫实现端部的防雨、防尘功能。
对轴承座24安装在轴承支座23上，轴承支座23固定在侧墙横梁上，支座设有长圆孔，与对轴承座直接通过螺栓连接，并设有调整垫板，实现纵向及垂向的调节。
车体装货口处设有横向限位件和纵向限位件。通过纵向止挡、横向锁闭座、自锁气缸实现纵向、横向及垂向锁闭功能。
横向限位件为横向锁闭座27，横向锁闭座27设有锁槽，锁槽与顶盖21上的锁闭杆配合，在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其横向锁闭能力。纵向限位件为纵向止挡26，纵向止挡在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其纵向锁闭能力。
车体上设有杠杆止挡28，杠杆止挡28位于连接杠杆211的开启位置处，杠杆止挡用于对连接杠杆进行限位，在顶盖打开状态下，连接杠杆放置在杠杆止挡上，对四连杆机构进行限位。
传动轴22与驱动机构连接，驱动机构包括摇臂213和伸缩件，传动轴22与摇臂213连接，摇臂213与伸缩件铰接，伸缩件与车体铰接，伸缩件为自锁气缸29。通过自锁气缸提供驱动力，带动摇臂转动，实现传动轴的旋转。自锁气缸在顶盖处于关闭状态下保证其垂向锁闭能力。
顶盖开启过程：车辆气路给自锁气缸充气，压力达到一定值后自锁气缸活塞杆向外推出，带动车体外侧两组摇臂，摇臂带动位于车体中部的传动轴旋转，传动轴带动车体内部曲拐与顶盖支座运动，顶盖支座对侧的支座通过连杆与端墙的固定支座连接，限制顶盖完成顶盖开启；当气缸缩回时即完成顶盖的关闭。
参考图15～图23所示，车体1的下货口设有密封式底门机构3，密封式底门机构3包括底门框31、底门32和滑道，底门32滑动设在滑道上，底门框31与底门32接触贴合，滑道的支撑部的支撑高度沿关闭方向逐渐增高，底门32的托举部的托举高度沿开启方向逐渐增 高。
从而在关闭时，由于滑道对底门32的支撑高度不断变高，以及底门32的托举高度不断变高，底门32与底门框31之间的间隙变小直至接触贴合。在开启时，由于滑道对底门32的支撑高度不断变低，以及底门32的托举高度不断变低，底门32与底门框31之间的间隙变大，减少底门32与底门框31之间的摩擦，方便底门32的开启。
具体的，底门框31包括左右的横向底门框312，横向底门框312之间焊接连接有侧向底门框311和横梁313，侧向底门框311、横向底门框312和横梁313之间形成矩形的漏斗口。
底门32包括底门板321，底门板321滑动设在滑道上，底门板321与滑移驱动机构连接。滑移驱动机构包括齿条323，两根平行的齿条323通过螺钉固定在底门板321上，齿条323与齿轮325啮合，齿轮325通过销键连接在底门轴324上，可绕底门轴324中心轴线转动，底门轴324可通过电机驱动旋转，带动齿轮325旋转并与齿条323啮合，实现底门板321的前后移动。
底门板321上设有两根平行的滑道，保证对底门32滑动支撑的稳定。滑道为辊道33，辊道33包括左右的托梁331，托梁331之间设有销轴332，销轴332的上部设有旋转的滚轮334作为支撑部，左右的托梁331之间焊接连接有连接板333，将左右的托梁331连接在一起。
支撑部包括低支撑部和高支撑部，第一滚轮3341作为高支撑部，等高的第二滚轮3342和第三滚轮3343作为低支撑部，低支撑部和高支撑部之间的高差为h。底门32的下部设有低托举部和高托举部，底门板321上通过螺钉固定设有密封调整板322作为高托举部，底门板321的下端面为低托举部，低托举部和高托举部之间的高差即密封调整板322的高度为h。
底门开启过程：开启前，第一滚轮3341与底门板321接触，第二滚轮3342与底门板321之间存在间隙h，第三滚轮3343与密封调整板322接触，底门板321与底门框31贴合无间隙。开启时，底门轴324转动，带动齿轮325同向旋转，齿轮325与齿条323啮合，将转动转换为平动，带动底门板321朝图示右侧移动一定距离l，第一滚轮3341与底门板321脱离，第三滚轮3343与密封调整板322脱离，底门板321垂向向下移动并与底门框31之间形成间隙h，第二滚轮3342、第三滚轮3343与底门板321接触，底门板321继续向右移动，直至打开。
底门关闭过程：关闭前，第三滚轮3343与底门板321接触，底门板321与底门框31之间存在间隙h。关闭时，底门轴324转动，带动齿轮325同向旋转，齿轮325与齿条323啮合，将转动转换为平动，带动底门板321朝图示左侧移动，移动过程中，第二滚轮3342与底门板321接触，移动到一定位置时，第一滚轮3341与底门板321接触，第三滚轮3343与密封调整板322接触，底门板321垂向向上移动并与底门框31贴合无间隙，第二滚轮3342与 底门板321脱离，底门板321继续向左移动，直至关闭。
前述本发明基本例及其各进一步选择例可以自由组合以形成多个实施例，均为本发明可采用并要求保护的实施例。本发明方案中，各选择例，与其他任何基本例和选择例都可以进行任意组合。以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，包括车体(1)，其特征在于：所述的车体(1)的装货口设有顶盖开闭机构(2)，顶盖开闭机构(2)包括顶盖(21)和传动轴(22)，传动轴(22)位于车体(1)内部，传动轴(22)与顶盖驱动机构连接，传动轴(22)与曲拐(212)铰接，曲拐(212)与顶盖(21)铰接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的车体(1)包括底架(11)，底架(11)的底部设有漏斗(12)，底架(11)的上部设有前后的侧墙(13)和左右的端墙(14)，侧墙(13)和端墙(14)的上部设有车顶(15)，漏斗(12)上设有下货口，车顶(15)上设有装货口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的底架(11)包括左右的端梁(111)和前后的侧梁(114)，侧梁(114)之间设有中间的大横梁(115)和端部小横梁(116)，端梁(111)与最外侧的大横梁(115)之间设有牵引梁(113)，牵引梁(113)与侧梁(114)之间设有枕梁(112)，端梁(111)与最外侧的大横梁(115)之间设有位于上方的钢地板(117)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的侧墙(13)包括上侧梁(131)，上侧梁(131)与外侧的侧墙板(132)连接，侧墙板(132)的内侧设有隔墙(133)，侧墙板(132)为弧形。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的顶盖(21)的一侧与曲拐(212)铰接，顶盖(21)的另一侧与连接杠杆(211)铰接，连接杠杆(211)与车体(1)铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的车体(1)的装货口处设有横向限位件，横向限位件为横向锁闭座(27)，横向锁闭座(27)设有锁槽，锁槽与顶盖(21)上的锁闭杆配合；所述的车体装货口处设有纵向限位件，纵向限位件为纵向止挡(26)。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的车体上设有杠杆止挡(28)，杠杆止挡(28)位于连接杠杆(211)的开启位置处。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的车体(1)的下货口设有密封式底门机构(3)，密封式底门机构(3)包括底门框(31)、底门(32)和滑道，底门(32)滑动设在滑道上，底门框(31)与底门(32)接触贴合，滑道的支撑部的支撑高度沿关闭方向逐渐增高，和/或底门(32)的托举部的托举高度沿开启方向逐渐增高。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的底门(32)包括底门板(321)，底门板(321)滑动设在滑道上，底门板(321)与滑移驱动机构连接。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车，其特征在于：所述的滑道的上部设有低支撑部和高支撑部，低支撑部和高支撑部之间的高差为h，底门(32)的下部设有低托举部和高托举部，低托举部和高托举部之间的高差为h。
PCT/CN2022/130563 2021-11-25 2022-11-08 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车 WO2023093522A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2022398047A AU2022398047A1 (en) 2021-11-25 2022-11-08 Large-volume grain hopper car suitable for low-loading hopper bin

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111410362.4A CN114013464B (zh) 2021-11-25 2021-11-25 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车
CN202111410362.4 2021-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023093522A1 true WO2023093522A1 (zh) 2023-06-01

Family

ID=80066419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/130563 WO2023093522A1 (zh) 2021-11-25 2022-11-08 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114013464B (zh)
AU (1) AU2022398047A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2023093522A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114013464B (zh) * 2021-11-25 2023-03-14 中车眉山车辆有限公司 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车
CN114834491B (zh) * 2022-04-07 2024-05-31 中车眉山车辆有限公司 一种颗粒物自动卸货铁路漏斗车

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB297926A (en) * 1927-08-12 1928-10-04 Duncan Bailey Improved bottom doors for railway vehicles
CN103213590A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-07-24 南车眉山车辆有限公司 米轨直壁粮食漏斗车
CN106515775A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2017-03-22 包头北方创业股份有限公司 一种散粒货物运输用带自动顶盖漏斗式铁路货车
CN206679009U (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-11-28 中国铁路总公司 铁路加盖漏斗车
CN108313075A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-24 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 一种滑轨式铁路漏斗车顶盖机构及工作方法
CN109249952A (zh) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-22 中车太原机车车辆有限公司 风动手动两用顶盖系统
CN114013464A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-08 中车眉山车辆有限公司 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112277977B (zh) * 2019-07-25 2024-05-03 包头北方创业有限责任公司 散粒货物运输车
CN112572487B (zh) * 2019-09-27 2024-05-03 包头北方创业有限责任公司 散粒货物漏斗车

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB297926A (en) * 1927-08-12 1928-10-04 Duncan Bailey Improved bottom doors for railway vehicles
CN103213590A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-07-24 南车眉山车辆有限公司 米轨直壁粮食漏斗车
CN106515775A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2017-03-22 包头北方创业股份有限公司 一种散粒货物运输用带自动顶盖漏斗式铁路货车
CN206679009U (zh) * 2017-04-13 2017-11-28 中国铁路总公司 铁路加盖漏斗车
CN108313075A (zh) * 2018-03-13 2018-07-24 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 一种滑轨式铁路漏斗车顶盖机构及工作方法
CN109249952A (zh) * 2018-09-06 2019-01-22 中车太原机车车辆有限公司 风动手动两用顶盖系统
CN114013464A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-02-08 中车眉山车辆有限公司 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114013464A (zh) 2022-02-08
CN114013464B (zh) 2023-03-14
AU2022398047A1 (en) 2024-07-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2023093522A1 (zh) 一种适应于低装载漏仓的大容积粮食漏斗车
CN1842457B (zh) 带有卸载控制系统的有轨车
US3815514A (en) Rapid discharging hopper car door actuating mechanism
CN206679009U (zh) 铁路加盖漏斗车
US11702113B2 (en) Mechanism for longitudinal door systems
CN103010231A (zh) 带有纵向卸料口的铁路斗车
CN106740923B (zh) 一种两侧卸货圆弧包板铁路专用漏斗车
CN210554835U (zh) 顶盖装置及铁路货车
CN106347385A (zh) 铁路漏斗车
CN110539680A (zh) 分仓式货车车厢自卸料结构
WO2023093518A1 (zh) 一种平动式粮食漏斗车顶盖
CN201287977Y (zh) 三支点双车翻车机
CN112277977B (zh) 散粒货物运输车
CN210162097U (zh) 活动顶盖和铁路敞车
CA3037656C (en) Hopper car
CN2860960Y (zh) 双底卸矿车
US20150096459A1 (en) Door and door operating assembly for a railcar and method of assembling the same
CN211493785U (zh) 分仓式货车车厢自卸料结构
CN204264150U (zh) 一种双向自动卸货漏斗车
CN210116424U (zh) 货车底部开闭装置及货车
CN210526539U (zh) 自锁式活动顶盖及铁路敞车
CN110576784A (zh) 一种平移摆幅式双边自卸车
SU1123908A1 (ru) Кузов самосвального транспортного средства
CN114906178B (zh) 双向侧翻铁路货车系统
CN221233731U (zh) 一种矿用自卸车

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22897605

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: AU2022398047

Country of ref document: AU

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022897605

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022897605

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240625