WO2023074779A1 - 防眩フィルム、並びに、それを用いた偏光板、表面板、画像表示パネル及び画像表示装置 - Google Patents

防眩フィルム、並びに、それを用いた偏光板、表面板、画像表示パネル及び画像表示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023074779A1
WO2023074779A1 PCT/JP2022/040073 JP2022040073W WO2023074779A1 WO 2023074779 A1 WO2023074779 A1 WO 2023074779A1 JP 2022040073 W JP2022040073 W JP 2022040073W WO 2023074779 A1 WO2023074779 A1 WO 2023074779A1
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Prior art keywords
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antiglare
antiglare film
particles
image display
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PCT/JP2022/040073
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
満広 葛原
行光 岩田
淳 辻本
玄 古井
牧夫 倉重
一敏 石田
俊平 西尾
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Application filed by Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020247013636A priority Critical patent/KR20240089047A/ko
Priority to US18/702,205 priority patent/US20250237790A1/en
Priority to JP2023543277A priority patent/JP7564375B2/ja
Priority to CN202280071594.8A priority patent/CN118159879A/zh
Publication of WO2023074779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023074779A1/ja
Priority to JP2024010916A priority patent/JP2024028673A/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/023—Optical properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/111—Anti-reflection coatings using layers comprising organic materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
    • G02B1/115—Multilayers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0226—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures having particles on the surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an antiglare film, and a polarizing plate, surface plate, image display panel, and image display device using the same.
  • An anti-glare film is sometimes installed on the surface of image display devices such as televisions, notebook PCs, and desktop PC monitors in order to provide anti-glare properties.
  • the anti-glare property is a property of suppressing reflection of background such as lighting and people.
  • An anti-glare film has a basic structure of having an anti-glare layer with an uneven surface on a transparent substrate.
  • the antiglare film has a problem of glare caused by the uneven shape of the surface. Glare is a phenomenon in which minute variations in brightness are visible in image light.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 An antiglare film that achieves both antiglare property and glare suppression has been proposed (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide an antiglare film that has excellent antiglare properties and that can suppress glare.
  • the present disclosure provides the following antiglare films [1] to [5], and polarizing plates, surface plates, image display panels and display devices using the same.
  • the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface is attached to an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi. In a darkroom, the image on the image display device is displayed in green, and the image is captured by a CCD camera from the antiglare film side to obtain image data.
  • a CCD camera with a pixel pitch of 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m and 16 million pixels is used.
  • the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera is 500 mm.
  • a region ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels is extracted from the obtained image data.
  • the area ⁇ is subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small area is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small area to obtain corrected luminance.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions is divided by the average value of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • a polarizing plate having a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer.
  • At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare film according to [1], and the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface and the polarizer and a polarizing plate arranged opposite to each other.
  • a surface plate for an image display device in which a protective film is laminated on a resin plate or a glass plate, wherein the protective film is the antiglare film according to [1], and the unevenness of the antiglare film is A surface plate for an image display device, wherein a surface opposite to the front surface and the resin plate or the glass plate are arranged to face each other.
  • An image display device comprising the image display panel according to [4] and having the antiglare film disposed on the outermost surface.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure and the polarizing plate, surface plate, image display panel, and image display device using the same have excellent antiglare properties and can suppress glare.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an antiglare film of the present disclosure
  • FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the arrangement relationship among an image display device, an antiglare film, and a CCD camera when measuring a luminance variation coefficient
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the behavior of light incident on the antiglare film from the uneven surface side of the antiglare film.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an image display panel of the present disclosure
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure is an antiglare film having an antiglare layer, the antiglare film has an uneven surface, and the 60-degree specular gloss measured from the uneven surface side is 30.0 or less. , and a luminance variation coefficient of 0.0400 or less. (Measurement of luminance variation coefficient)
  • the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface is attached to an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi. In a darkroom, the image on the image display device is displayed in green, and the image is captured by a CCD camera from the antiglare film side to obtain image data.
  • a CCD camera with a pixel pitch of 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m and 16 million pixels is used.
  • the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera is 500 mm.
  • a region ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels is extracted from the obtained image data.
  • the area ⁇ is subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small area is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small area to obtain corrected luminance.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions is divided by the average value of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cross-sectional shape of an antiglare film 100 of the present disclosure.
  • the antiglare film 100 of FIG. 1 includes an antiglare layer 20 and has an uneven surface.
  • the surface of the antiglare layer 20 is the uneven surface of the antiglare film.
  • the antiglare film 100 of FIG. 1 has an antiglare layer 20 on a transparent substrate 10 .
  • Antiglare layer 20 in FIG. 1 has binder resin 21 and particles 22 .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view. That is, the scale of each layer constituting the antiglare film 100, the scale of each material, and the scale of the surface unevenness are schematic for ease of illustration, and are different from the actual scale. 2 to 4 are the same.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure is not limited to the laminate configuration of FIG.
  • the antiglare film may have a single layer structure of an antiglare layer, or may have a layer other than a transparent substrate and an antiglare layer.
  • Layers other than the transparent substrate and the antiglare layer include an antireflection layer and an antifouling layer.
  • the surface of the other layer may be the uneven surface of the antiglare film.
  • a preferred embodiment of the antiglare film has an antiglare layer on a transparent substrate, and the surface of the antiglare layer opposite to the transparent substrate is the uneven surface of the antiglare film.
  • the antiglare film preferably has a transparent substrate in order to facilitate the production of the antiglare film and improve the handleability of the antiglare film.
  • the base material it is preferable that the base material has optical transparency, smoothness, heat resistance, and excellent mechanical strength.
  • transparent substrates include polyester, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, polyamide, polyimide, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyvinyl acetal. , polyetherketone, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyurethane and amorphous olefin (Cyclo-Olefin-Polymer: COP).
  • the transparent substrate may be a laminate of two or more plastic films.
  • stretched, particularly biaxially stretched polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate are preferred in order to improve mechanical strength and dimensional stability.
  • TAC and acrylic are preferable because they have good light transmittance and optical isotropy.
  • COP and polyester are suitable because of their excellent weather resistance.
  • the thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less.
  • the preferred upper limit of the thickness of the transparent substrate is 60 ⁇ m or less, and the more preferred upper limit is 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the transparent substrate is a low-moisture-permeable substrate such as polyester, COP, acrylic, etc.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the thickness of the transparent substrate can be measured with a Digimatic standard outside micrometer (Mitutoyo Co., Ltd., product number "MDC-25SX") or the like.
  • the average value obtained by measuring arbitrary 10 points should be the above numerical value.
  • Preferred embodiments of the thickness of the transparent substrate include 5 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and 20 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the transparent substrate may be subjected to physical treatment such as corona discharge treatment or chemical treatment, or may be formed with an easy-adhesion layer in order to improve adhesion.
  • the substrate preferably has a total light transmittance of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 85% or more according to JIS K7361-1:1997.
  • the base material preferably has a JIS K7136:2000 haze of 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 3% or less.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure has an uneven surface.
  • the surface of the antiglare layer may be an uneven surface.
  • the other layer may have an uneven surface.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure is required to have a 60-degree specular gloss measured from the uneven surface side of 30.0 or less and a luminance variation coefficient of 0.0400 or less.
  • the 60-degree specular glossiness of the antiglare film is preferably 20.0 or less, more preferably 10.0 or less, and even more preferably 7.0 or less.
  • the 60-degree specular glossiness of the antiglare film is preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 1.0 or more, and even more preferably 1.2 or more.
  • one selected from the upper limit options and one selected from the lower limit options are combined to form an embodiment of the numerical range can be For example, in the case of 60 degree specular gloss, 0.5 to 30.0, 0.5 to 20.0, 0.5 to 10.0, 0.5 to 7.0, 1.0 or more 30.0 or less, 1.0 or more and 20.0 or less, 1.0 or more and 10.0 or less, 1.0 or more and 7.0 or less, 1.2 or more and 30.0 or less, 1.2 or more and 20.0 or less, Numerical range embodiments include 1.2 to 10.0, 1.2 to 7.0, and the like.
  • the 60-degree specular glossiness and the 20-degree specular glossiness mean the specular glossiness specified in JIS Z8741:1997.
  • the 60-degree specular glossiness and the 20-degree specular glossiness are measured by preparing a sample in which a black plate is laminated via a transparent adhesive layer on the side opposite to the uneven surface of the antiglare film, and the sample shall be measured from the uneven surface side of the
  • the difference in refractive index between the layer in contact with the transparent adhesive layer of the sample and the transparent adhesive layer is preferably within 0.15, more preferably within 0.10, and preferably within 0.05. More preferably, it is within 0.01.
  • Examples of the layer in contact with the transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the sample include a transparent base material and an antiglare layer.
  • the black plate preferably has a total light transmittance of 1% or less, more preferably 0%, according to JIS K7361-1:1997.
  • the refractive index difference between the resin constituting the black plate and the transparent adhesive layer is preferably within 0.15, more preferably within 0.10, and preferably within 0.05. More preferably, it is within 0.01.
  • the luminance variation coefficient of the antiglare film is preferably 0.0350 or less, more preferably 0.0280 or less, and even more preferably 0.0250 or less. If the coefficient of variation of luminance of the antiglare film is too small, the antiglare property of the antiglare film may become extremely low, or conversely, the antiglare property of the antiglare film may become extremely high, resulting in a decrease in contrast. . Therefore, the lower limit of the luminance variation coefficient of the antiglare film is preferably 0.0050 or more, more preferably 0.0100 or more.
  • the preferable range of the coefficient of variation of luminance of the antiglare film is 0.0050 or more and 0.0400 or less, 0.0050 or more and 0.0350 or less, 0.0050 or more and 0.0280 or less, 0.0050 or more and 0.0250 or less, 0.0100 or more and 0.0400 or less, 0.0100 or more and 0.0350 or less, 0.0100 or more and 0.0280 or less, and 0.0100 or more and 0.0250 or less.
  • the luminance variation coefficient of the antiglare film shall be calculated by the following measurements. (Measurement of luminance variation coefficient)
  • the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface is attached to an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi. In a darkroom, the image on the image display device is displayed in green, and the image is photographed with a CCD camera from the antiglare film side to obtain image data.
  • a CCD camera with a pixel pitch of 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m and 16 million pixels is used.
  • the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera is 500 mm.
  • a region ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels is extracted from the obtained image data.
  • the area ⁇ is subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small area is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small area to obtain corrected luminance.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions is divided by the average value of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the arrangement relationship among the image display device 120, the antiglare film 100, and the CCD camera 300 when measuring the luminance variation coefficient.
  • the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface is attached on the image display device 120.
  • the surface of the antiglare film on the side of the transparent substrate 10 corresponds to the surface of the antiglare film on the opposite side to the uneven surface.
  • the image display device 120 and the antiglare film 100 are preferably bonded together via a transparent adhesive medium 200 as shown in FIG.
  • the layer structure of the transparent adhesive medium includes, for example, a single transparent adhesive layer, a laminated structure of a transparent adhesive layer, a transparent substrate, and a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the transparent adhesive layer includes a transparent adhesive layer (in other words, a transparent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) and a transparent adsorption layer.
  • the refractive index difference between the layer of the antiglare film in contact with the transparent adhesive medium and the interface with the transparent adhesive medium is preferably within 0.15, more preferably within 0.10, and preferably within 0.05. is more preferable, and it is more preferable to make it within 0.01.
  • Examples of the layer of the antiglare film that is in contact with the transparent adhesive medium include a transparent base material and an antiglare layer.
  • the refractive index difference at the interface between the transparent adhesive medium and the surface material of the image display device is preferably within 0.15, more preferably within 0.10, and more preferably within 0.05. , is more preferably within 0.01.
  • the surface material of the image display device examples include cover glass.
  • the transparent adhesive medium 200 has a laminated structure of two or more layers, there is an interface other than the above-described interface between the layer of the antiglare film in contact with the transparent adhesive medium and the surface material of the image display device.
  • the refractive index difference at interfaces other than the interfaces described above is preferably within 0.15, more preferably within 0.10, more preferably within 0.05, and more preferably within 0.01. More preferably within.
  • An example of an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi is "Xperia (registered trademark) Z5 E6653" manufactured by Sony Corporation.
  • An image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi is preferably an image display device having an RGB stripe-type liquid crystal display element.
  • a camera body 31 with a camera lens 32 attached thereto is used as the CCD camera 300.
  • a camera body cooled CCD camera [Bitran Co., Ltd. trade name “BU-63M”, pixel pitch: 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m, number of pixels: 16 million pixels, number of pixels: 4896 ⁇ 3264]
  • a camera lens trade name of Nikon Corporation “AI AF Micro-Nikkor 60mm f/2.8D”. Images are captured in a darkroom environment with the image display device displaying green.
  • the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera is 500 mm.
  • the focus of the CCD camera is adjusted so that it matches the surface of the display element.
  • the effective f-number of the CCD camera is preferably set to 36.4.
  • a region ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels is extracted from the obtained image data.
  • the area ⁇ is subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small area is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small area to obtain corrected luminance.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions is divided by the average value of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • the position where the area ⁇ is extracted from the 4896 ⁇ 3264 pixels is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to extract from the remaining 80% of the 4896 ⁇ 3264 pixels, excluding 10% each of the top, bottom, left, and right.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small region is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small region.
  • the luminance variation coefficient in the present disclosure is a dimensionless value.
  • the 60-degree specular glossiness and luminance variation coefficient, and the 20-degree specular glossiness, ⁇ q, ⁇ q, haze, and total light transmittance described later mean average values of 16 measured values.
  • the 16 measurement points are defined by excluding an area of 1 cm from the outer edge of the measurement sample as a margin, and drawing a line that divides the area inside the margin into 5 equal parts in the vertical and horizontal directions. It is preferable to use the 16 points of intersection as the center of measurement. For example, when the sample to be measured is a square, an area of 1 cm from the outer edge of the square is removed as a margin, and the area inside the margin is divided vertically and horizontally into five equal halves.
  • the parameter is preferable to calculate the parameter with the average value.
  • the sample to be measured has a shape other than a quadrangle such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, or a pentagon, it is preferable to draw a quadrangle inscribed in the shape and measure 16 points on the quadrangle by the above method.
  • the aforementioned quadrilateral is a rectangle.
  • the luminance variation coefficient is calculated at each location. Then, the average value of the luminance variation coefficients at 16 locations is used as the luminance variation coefficient of the sample.
  • various parameters such as 60-degree specular glossiness and luminance variation coefficient, and 20-degree specular glossiness, ⁇ q, ⁇ q, haze and total light transmittance described later are temperature Measured at 23 ⁇ 5°C and relative humidity of 40% to 65%.
  • the target sample is exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, and then the measurement is performed.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure preferably has a 20-degree specular gloss measured from the uneven surface side of 6.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or less, and further preferably 1.0 or less. It is preferably 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.5 or less.
  • the 20-degree specular glossiness of the antiglare film is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.02 or more, and even more preferably 0.04 or more.
  • the preferred range of the 20-degree specular glossiness of the antiglare film is 0.01 to 6.0, 0.01 to 3.0, 0.01 to 1.0, and 0.01 to 0.5. , 0.02 to 6.0, 0.02 to 3.0, 0.02 to 1.0, 0.02 to 0.5, 0.04 to 6.0, 0.04 or more 3.0 or less, 0.04 or more and 1.0 or less, 0.04 or more and 0.5 or less.
  • ⁇ q, ⁇ q> In the antiglare film of the present disclosure, where the root-mean-square slope of the uneven surface is defined as ⁇ q, and the root-mean-square wavelength of the uneven surface is defined as ⁇ q, ⁇ q is 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more, and ⁇ q is preferably 17.000 ⁇ m or less. ⁇ q correlates with the tilt angle of the uneven surface. More specifically, a larger ⁇ q means a larger inclination angle of the uneven surface. Also, since ⁇ q is a square parameter, it is a parameter that strongly reflects an inclination angle larger than the average inclination angle among the inclinations.
  • ⁇ q is a parameter different from the average tilt angle, which is a parameter obtained by simply averaging all tilts.
  • ⁇ q correlates with the spacing of the irregularities on the irregular surface. More specifically, it means that the smaller the ⁇ q, the narrower the interval between the irregularities on the irregular surface.
  • ⁇ q is a parameter calculated from square parameters ⁇ q and Rq, as shown in formula (A) described later. Therefore, ⁇ q is a parameter that strongly reflects the interval between unevennesses having a large height difference and a large inclination angle among unevennesses. Therefore, ⁇ q is a parameter different from RSm of JIS, which is a parameter obtained by averaging the intervals of all unevenness.
  • an uneven surface with ⁇ q of 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and ⁇ q of 17.000 ⁇ m or less means that unevenness with a large inclination angle exists at narrow intervals.
  • the coefficient of variation of the 60-degree specular glossiness, the 20-degree specular glossiness, and the luminance is It is considered that the range described above can be easily achieved.
  • by reducing ⁇ q it is possible to easily impart a feeling of jet blackness to the antiglare film. The reason why the jet-black feeling can be easily imparted to the antiglare film by reducing ⁇ q is considered as follows.
  • the specular glossiness represents the intensity of light in the direction of specular reflection. Therefore, even if the light intensity in the specular reflection direction is low and the specular glossiness is low, if the light intensity in the directions other than the specular reflection direction is not low, jet-black feeling cannot be imparted. By reducing ⁇ q, the effects of (1) to (5) below can be made stronger, making it difficult for the observer to perceive the reflected and scattered light.
  • the reflected scattered light can be suppressed, and the 60-degree specular glossiness and the 20-degree specular glossiness can be set in the ranges described above, and the anti-glare property can be improved. Furthermore, from the above (4) and (5), even if a small amount of reflected scattered light is generated, the angular distribution of the reflected scattered light can be made uniform. Even if the amount of reflected scattered light is very small, it will be recognized as reflected light if the angular distribution of the reflected scattered light is biased toward a specific angle. Therefore, the antiglare property can be made extremely good from the above (4) and (5).
  • the reflected and scattered light can be hardly felt by the observer, so the antiglare film can be given a jet-black feeling, and by extension, the image display device can be given a high-class feeling. can do.
  • the luminance variation coefficient can easily be set within the range described above, mainly for reasons (6) and (7) below.
  • (6) The reason why the value of the coefficient of variation of luminance increases is considered to be that the uneven surface plays a role like a lens, causing a phenomenon in which the image light is locally condensed. The above phenomenon is likely to occur when the spacing between the irregularities on the uneven surface is equal to or greater than the pixel spacing of the display element. For this reason, it is considered that the variation coefficient of luminance can be easily set within the above-described range because the unevenness is present at narrow intervals on the uneven surface.
  • the uneven surface When the inclination angle of the uneven surface is small, the uneven surface is approximated to a part of a circle, and image light can be easily collected. On the other hand, when the inclination angle of the uneven surface is large, the uneven surface approximates a part of an ellipse, making it difficult to collect the image light. For this reason, it is considered that the coefficient of luminance variation can easily be set within the range described above due to the large inclination angle of the uneven surface. It is considered that the effects (6) and (7) above work synergistically to make it easier to keep the luminance variation coefficient within the range described above. Therefore, it is preferable that the shape of the uneven surface has a ⁇ q of 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and a ⁇ q of 17.000 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ q is more preferably 0.275 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.300 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.325 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more, and 0.350 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more. is more preferably 0.400 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.485 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more. If ⁇ q is too large, image light tends to scatter when passing through the antiglare film, and the darkroom contrast tends to decrease. On the other hand, if ⁇ q is too large, the reflectance of image light increases, and the transmittance of image light tends to decrease.
  • ⁇ q is preferably 0.800 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.700 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 0.600 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less.
  • the preferable range of ⁇ q of the uneven surface is 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.800 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.700 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.600 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0 .275 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.800 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.275 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.700 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.275 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.600 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.300 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.800 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less , 0.300 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.700 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or less, 0.300 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and 0.
  • ⁇ q is more preferably 16.520 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 16.000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 14.000 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 12.000 ⁇ m or less. If ⁇ q is too small, image light tends to scatter when passing through the antiglare film, and the darkroom contrast tends to decrease. Therefore, ⁇ q is preferably 3.000 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 5.000 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 7.000 ⁇ m or more.
  • the preferable range of ⁇ q of the uneven surface is 3.000 ⁇ m or more and 17.000 ⁇ m or less, 3.000 ⁇ m or more and 16.520 ⁇ m or less, 3.000 ⁇ m or more and 16.000 ⁇ m or less, 3.000 ⁇ m or more and 14.000 ⁇ m or less, 3.000 ⁇ m or more.
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure preferably has an uneven surface Rq of 0.300 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.350 ⁇ m or more, and 0.400 ⁇ m or more in order to improve antiglare properties. is more preferred. If Rq is too large, the difference in unevenness on the uneven surface becomes too large, and the uneven surface tends to be damaged. This is because the portion of the uneven surface that is scratched by a frictional object is mainly the vicinity of the convex portion, and in particular, the vicinity of the high convex portion is easily scratched. In particular, when Rq is large and ⁇ q is large, the load is likely to be applied to the vicinity of the high convex portion.
  • Rq is preferably 1.000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.900 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.800 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 0.720 ⁇ m or less.
  • the preferable range of Rq of the uneven surface is 0.300 ⁇ m or more and 1.000 ⁇ m or less, 0.300 ⁇ m or more and 0.900 ⁇ m or less, 0.300 ⁇ m or more and 0.800 ⁇ m or less, 0.300 ⁇ m or more and 0.720 ⁇ m or less, 0.350 ⁇ m or more.
  • ⁇ q means a three-dimensional extension of the “root-mean-square slope R ⁇ q of roughness curve” defined in JIS B0601:2001.
  • Rq means a three-dimensional extension of the "root-mean-square height of roughness curve Rq" defined in JIS B0601:2001.
  • ⁇ q, Rq and ⁇ q are preferably measured using an interference microscope.
  • an interference microscope for example, Zygo's product name "New View” series and the like can be used.
  • ⁇ q, Rq and ⁇ q can be easily calculated by using the measurement/analysis application software “MetroPro” attached to the “New View” series.
  • the measurement conditions for measuring ⁇ q, Rq and ⁇ q using the "New View” series described above preferably follow the conditions described in Examples.
  • Filter Low Wavelen (corresponding to ⁇ c of JIS B0601) is preferably 800 ⁇ m. That is, ⁇ q, Rq, and ⁇ q are preferably measured with an interference microscope using 800 ⁇ m as the value corresponding to ⁇ c of JIS B0601.
  • Camera Res (resolution) is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.44 ⁇ m.
  • the antiglare layer is a layer that suppresses reflected scattered light and plays a central role in antiglare properties.
  • the anti-glare layer can be formed, for example, by (A) shaping with an embossing roll, (B) etching treatment, (C) molding with a mold, and (D) forming a coating film by coating.
  • (C) molding with a mold is preferable in order to make it easier to obtain a stable surface shape
  • (D) coating to form a coating film is preferable for productivity and compatibility with a wide variety of products. preferred.
  • (d1) means for applying a coating liquid containing a binder resin and particles to form unevenness with particles
  • Method (D) may be either method (d1) or (d2), but method (d1) is preferable to method (d2) because it is easier to control ⁇ q, ⁇ q, and Rq.
  • the thickness T of the antiglare layer is preferably 2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less, in order to achieve a good balance among curl suppression, mechanical strength, hardness and toughness.
  • the thickness of the antiglare layer can be calculated, for example, by selecting 20 arbitrary points in a cross-sectional photograph of the antiglare film taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) and calculating the average value thereof. It is preferable that the acceleration voltage of STEM is 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification of STEM is 1000 times or more and 7000 times or less.
  • Preferred embodiments of the thickness of the antiglare layer include 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, and 4 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m.
  • the antiglare layer mainly contains a resin component, and if necessary, particles such as organic particles and inorganic fine particles, a refractive index adjuster, an antistatic agent, an antifouling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, Additives such as viscosity modifiers and thermal polymerization initiators are included.
  • the antiglare layer preferably contains a binder resin and particles.
  • Particles include organic particles and inorganic particles, with inorganic particles being preferred. That is, the antiglare layer more preferably contains a binder resin and inorganic particles. Further, it is more preferable that the antiglare layer contains a binder resin, inorganic particles and organic particles.
  • organic particles examples include particles made of polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin, polyester-based resin, and the like. mentioned.
  • inorganic particles include silica, alumina, zirconia and titania, with silica being preferred. Among the inorganic particles, amorphous inorganic particles are preferred, and amorphous silica is more preferred.
  • amorphous inorganic particles such as amorphous silica
  • amorphous inorganic particles such as amorphous silica
  • the shape becomes as if the irregular inorganic particles are spread all over, making it easier to reduce ⁇ q.
  • the antiglare layer preferably contains inorganic fine particles, which will be described later, in order to make ⁇ q and ⁇ q easily within the ranges described above.
  • the average particle diameter D of particles such as organic particles and inorganic particles is preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, and 1.7 ⁇ m or more6. It is more preferably 0 ⁇ m or less.
  • Rq By setting the average particle diameter D to 1.0 ⁇ m or more, Rq can be easily increased.
  • amorphous inorganic particles tend to increase ⁇ q and Rq.
  • By setting the average particle diameter D to 10.0 ⁇ m or less ⁇ q can be easily reduced, and ⁇ q and Rq can be easily suppressed from becoming too large.
  • Preferred embodiments of the average particle diameter of the particles are 1.0 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m to 8.0 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m, 1.5 ⁇ m to 10.0 ⁇ m, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or more and 6.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.7 ⁇ m or more and 10.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.7 ⁇ m or more and 8.0 ⁇ m or less, and 1.7 ⁇ m or more and 6.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • the average particle size of particles such as organic particles and inorganic particles can be calculated by the following operations (A1) to (A3).
  • A1 Take a transmission observation image of the antiglare film with an optical microscope. The magnification is preferably 500 times or more and 2000 times or less.
  • A2) Extract arbitrary 10 particles from the observation image and calculate the particle diameter of each particle. The particle diameter is measured as the distance between two straight lines that maximizes the distance between the two straight lines when the cross section of the particle is sandwiched between the two straight lines.
  • A3 Perform the same operation 5 times on different screen observation images of the same sample, and take the value obtained from the number average of the particle diameters for a total of 50 particles as the average particle diameter of the particles.
  • the average particle size can be measured as the volume average particle size by laser diffraction method.
  • D/T which is the ratio of the thickness T of the antiglare layer to the average particle diameter D of the particles
  • D/T is preferably 0.20 or more and 0.96 or less, and more preferably 0.25 or more and 0.90 or less. It is more preferably 0.30 or more and 0.80 or less, and even more preferably 0.35 or more and 0.70 or less.
  • Preferred ranges of D/T include 0.20 to 0.96, 0.20 to 0.90, 0.20 to 0.80, 0.20 to 0.70, and 0.20 to 0.90. 25 to 0.96, 0.25 to 0.90, 0.25 to 0.80, 0.25 to 0.70, 0.30 to 0.96, 0.30 to 0.90 0.30 or more and 0.80 or less, 0.30 or more and 0.70 or less, 0.35 or more and 0.96 or less, 0.35 or more and 0.90 or less, 0.35 or more and 0.80 or less, 0.35 0.70 or less.
  • the content of particles such as organic particles and inorganic particles is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 170 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. , more preferably 20 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less.
  • the content of the particles is compared within the above range in order to facilitate the expression of "particle laying" and “particle stacking". It is preferable to use a relatively large amount.
  • the content of the particles is preferably relatively small within the above ranges in order to prevent ⁇ q and Rq from becoming too large.
  • Preferred embodiments of the content of the particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin include 10 parts by mass to 200 parts by mass, 10 parts by mass to 170 parts by mass, 10 parts by mass to 150 parts by mass, and 15 parts by mass or more. 200 parts by mass or less, 15 to 170 parts by mass, 15 to 150 parts by mass, 20 to 200 parts by mass, 20 to 170 parts by mass, 20 to 150 parts by mass mentioned.
  • the antiglare layer preferably contains inorganic fine particles in addition to the binder resin and particles.
  • the inorganic fine particles and the particles described above can be distinguished by their average particle diameter.
  • fine unevenness is formed between the peaks of the uneven surface, and specularly reflected light can be easily reduced.
  • the antiglare layer contains the inorganic fine particles, the difference between the refractive index of the particles and the refractive index of the composition other than the particles of the antiglare layer is reduced, and the internal haze can be easily reduced.
  • the antiglare layer contains inorganic fine particles
  • the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid can be increased, so that the particles are less likely to sink. Therefore, when the antiglare layer contains inorganic fine particles, ⁇ q can be easily increased and ⁇ q can be easily decreased.
  • the particles are preferably organic particles.
  • inorganic fine particles examples include fine particles made of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, and the like. Among these, silica is preferable since it easily suppresses the generation of internal haze.
  • the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, more preferably 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and even more preferably 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
  • Preferred embodiments of the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles include 1 nm to 200 nm, 1 nm to 100 nm, 1 nm to 50 nm, 2 nm to 200 nm, 2 nm to 100 nm, 2 nm to 50 nm, 5 nm to 200 nm, 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less and 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less are mentioned.
  • the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles can be calculated by the following operations (B1)-(B3).
  • B1 A cross section of the antiglare film is imaged with a TEM or STEM.
  • the acceleration voltage of the TEM or STEM is preferably 10 kV or more and 30 kV or less, and the magnification is preferably 50,000 times or more and 300,000 times or less.
  • B2 Any 10 inorganic fine particles are extracted from the observation image, and the particle diameter of each inorganic fine particle is calculated. The particle diameter is measured as the distance between two arbitrary parallel straight lines sandwiching the cross-section of the inorganic fine particles between the two straight lines so that the distance between the two straight lines is maximized.
  • B3) Perform the same operation 5 times on different screen observation images of the same sample, and take the value obtained from the number average of the particle diameters of a total of 50 particles as the average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles.
  • the content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, and 20 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. It is more preferably not more than parts by mass.
  • the content of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, more preferably 15 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, and 20 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. It is more preferably not more than parts by mass.
  • Preferred embodiments of the content of the inorganic fine particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin include 10 parts by mass to 200 parts by mass, 10 parts by mass to 150 parts by mass, 10 parts by mass to 80 parts by mass, and 15 parts by mass. 15 to 150 parts by mass, 15 to 80 parts by mass, 20 to 200 parts by mass, 20 to 150 parts by mass, 20 to 80 parts by mass are mentioned.
  • the binder resin preferably contains a cured product of a curable resin such as a cured product of a thermosetting resin composition or a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition. It is more preferable to contain a cured product of a flexible resin composition.
  • thermosetting resin composition is a composition containing at least a thermosetting resin, and is a resin composition that is cured by heating.
  • Thermosetting resins include acrylic resins, urethane resins, phenol resins, urea melamine resins, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, silicone resins, and the like. If necessary, a curing agent is added to these curable resins in the thermosetting resin composition.
  • An ionizing radiation-curable resin composition is a composition containing a compound having an ionizing radiation-curable functional group (hereinafter also referred to as an "ionizing radiation-curable compound").
  • ionizing radiation-curable functional groups include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, epoxy groups, and oxetanyl groups.
  • a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond group is preferable, and a compound having two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups is more preferable.
  • Polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds are more preferred.
  • Ionizing radiation refers to electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams that have energy quanta capable of polymerizing or cross-linking molecules, and usually ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) is used. Electromagnetic waves such as ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, and charged particle beams such as ion beams can also be used.
  • bifunctional (meth)acrylate monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A tetraethoxy diacrylate, bisphenol A tetrapropoxy diacrylate, 1,6-hexane. diol diacrylate and the like.
  • Trifunctional or higher (meth)acrylate monomers include, for example, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, di Examples include pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate and isocyanuric acid-modified tri(meth)acrylate.
  • the (meth)acrylate monomer may have a partially modified molecular skeleton.
  • the (meth)acrylate-based monomer may be partially modified with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, bisphenol, or the like.
  • Polyfunctional (meth)acrylate oligomers include acrylate polymers such as urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and polyether (meth)acrylate.
  • Urethane (meth)acrylates are obtained, for example, by reacting polyhydric alcohols and organic diisocyanates with hydroxy (meth)acrylates.
  • Preferred epoxy (meth)acrylates are (meth)acrylates obtained by reacting tri- or more functional aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc. with (meth)acrylic acid; (Meth)acrylates obtained by reacting aromatic epoxy resins, alicyclic epoxy resins, aliphatic epoxy resins, etc.
  • a monofunctional (meth)acrylate may be used in combination as the ionizing radiation-curable compound.
  • Monofunctional (meth)acrylates include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate. , 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate and isobornyl (meth)acrylate.
  • the ionizing radiation-curable compounds may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • the ionizing radiation-curable composition preferably contains additives such as a photopolymerization initiator and a photopolymerization accelerator.
  • a photopolymerization initiator include one or more selected from acetophenone, benzophenone, ⁇ -hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin, benzyldimethylketal, benzoylbenzoate, ⁇ -acyloxime ester, thioxanthones, and the like.
  • the photopolymerization accelerator can reduce polymerization inhibition caused by air during curing and increase the curing speed. Accelerators include p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester, p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, and the like.
  • the binder resin contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, it preferably has the following configuration (C1) or (C2).
  • the binder resin contains a thermoplastic resin in addition to the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition.
  • the binder resin substantially contains only the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, and the ionizing radiation-curable compound contained in the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition contains 70% by mass or more of the monomer component.
  • the thermoplastic resin increases the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid, so that the particles are less likely to sink, and the binder resin is less likely to flow down between the peaks. Therefore, in the case of the embodiment C1, ⁇ q can be easily increased and ⁇ q can be easily decreased.
  • the antiglare layer contains inorganic fine particles because the inorganic fine particles can increase the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid.
  • organic particles are used as the particles and inorganic fine particles are included.
  • Thermoplastic resins include polystyrene-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, ABS resins (including heat-resistant ABS resins), AS resins, AN resins, polyphenylene oxide-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, polyacetal-based resins, acrylic-based resins, and polyethylene terephthalate-based resins.
  • examples include resins, polybutylene terephthalate-based resins, polysulfone-based resins, and polyphenylene sulfide-based resins, and acrylic resins are preferred in order to improve transparency.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin is preferably from 20,000 to 200,000, more preferably from 30,000 to 150,000, and even more preferably from 50,000 to 100,000.
  • the weight average molecular weight is the average molecular weight measured by GPC analysis and converted to standard polystyrene.
  • Preferred embodiments of the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin include 20,000 to 200,000, 20,000 to 150,000, 20,000 to 100,000, 30,000 to 200,000, and 30,000 to 150,000. , 30,000 to 100,000, 50,000 to 200,000, 50,000 to 150,000, and 50,000 to 100,000.
  • the mass ratio of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition and the thermoplastic resin is preferably 60:40-90:10, and 70:30-80:20. is more preferred.
  • the number of thermoplastic resins is preferably 10 or more relative to the cured product 90 of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, the effect of increasing the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid can be easily exhibited.
  • the proportion of the thermoplastic resin to 40 or less with respect to the cured product 60 of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, it is possible to easily suppress the decrease in the mechanical strength of the antiglare layer.
  • the particles are spread on the bottom of the antiglare layer, and the particles are stacked in some regions, and the particles are covered with a thin skin-like binder resin. tends to be For this reason, in the case of the above-described embodiment C2, ⁇ q can be easily increased by the stacked particles, and ⁇ q can be easily decreased by the spread particles.
  • the particles are preferably inorganic particles, more preferably amorphous inorganic particles, and even more preferably amorphous silica. Further, in the above embodiment of C2, it is preferable to include organic particles in addition to inorganic particles.
  • the ratio of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition to the total amount of the binder resin is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, and 100% by mass. More preferred.
  • the ratio of the monomer component to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more.
  • the monomer component is preferably a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compound.
  • the antiglare layer coating liquid preferably contains a solvent in order to adjust the viscosity and to dissolve or disperse each component. Since the surface shape of the antiglare layer after coating and drying differs depending on the type of solvent, it is preferable to select the solvent in consideration of the saturated vapor pressure of the solvent, the permeability of the solvent to the transparent substrate, and the like.
  • solvents examples include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; ethers such as dioxane and tetrahydrofuran; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons; halogenated carbons such as dichloromethane and dichloroethane; esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; alcohols such as isopropanol, butanol and cyclohexanol; cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve; glycol ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; cellosolve acetates; sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide; amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide;
  • the solvent in the antiglare layer coating liquid preferably contains a solvent having a high evaporation rate as a main component.
  • a solvent having a high evaporation rate as a main component.
  • the main component means 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more of the total amount of the solvent.
  • a solvent with a high evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of 100 or more when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is set to 100.
  • the evaporation rate of the solvent having a high evaporation rate is more preferably 120 or more and 300 or less, more preferably 150 or more and 220 or less.
  • Examples of solvents with high evaporation rates include methyl isobutyl ketone with an evaporation rate of 160, toluene with an evaporation rate of 200, and methyl ethyl ketone with an evaporation rate of 370.
  • the solvent in the antiglare layer coating liquid preferably contains a small amount of a solvent with a slow evaporation rate in addition to the solvent with a high evaporation rate.
  • a solvent with a slow evaporation rate By including a small amount of a solvent with a slow evaporation rate, particles can be aggregated, and ⁇ q and Rq can be easily increased.
  • the mass ratio of the fast evaporating solvent and the slow evaporating solvent is preferably 99:1-80:20, more preferably 98:2-85:15.
  • a solvent with a slow evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of less than 100 when the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is defined as 100.
  • the evaporation rate of the solvent having a slow evaporation rate is more preferably 20 or more and 60 or less, more preferably 25 or more and 40 or less.
  • Examples of solvents with a slow evaporation rate include cyclohexanone with an evaporation rate of 32 and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate with an evaporation rate of 44.
  • drying conditions can be controlled by drying temperature and air speed in the dryer.
  • the drying temperature is preferably 30° C. or higher and 120° C. or lower, and the drying wind speed is preferably 0.2 m/s or higher and 50 m/s or lower.
  • the antiglare film preferably has a total light transmittance of 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and even more preferably 85% or more according to JIS K7361-1:1997.
  • the light incident surface for measuring the total light transmittance and haze, which will be described later, is the opposite side of the uneven surface.
  • the antiglare film preferably has a haze of JIS K7136:2000 of 20% or more and 98% or less, more preferably 30% or more and 98% or less, and more preferably 40% or more and 98% or less. It is more preferably 50% or more and 80% or less, and more preferably 55% or more and 70% or less.
  • the haze is preferably 40% or more in order to facilitate better antiglare properties. By setting the haze to 98% or less, it is possible to easily suppress deterioration in image resolution.
  • the preferable range of haze of the antiglare film is 20% to 98%, 20% to 80%, 20% to 70%, 30% to 98%, 30% to 80%, 30% to 70%. 40% to 98%, 40% to 80%, 40% to 70%, 50% to 98%, 50% to 80%, 50% to 70%, 55% to 98% , 55% to 80%, and 55% to 70%.
  • the antiglare film preferably has an internal haze of 20% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less, in order to easily improve image resolution and contrast.
  • Internal haze can be measured by a general-purpose method. For example, the internal haze can be measured by pasting a transparent sheet on the uneven surface via a transparent adhesive layer to flatten the uneven surface.
  • C 0.125 is the transmission image clarity with an optical comb width of 0.125 mm
  • C 0.125 is the transmission image clarity with an optical comb width of 0.25 mm
  • C 0.25 is the transmitted image sharpness with an optical comb width of 0.5 mm
  • C 0.5 is the transmitted image sharpness with an optical comb width of 1.0 mm
  • C 1.0 is the transmitted image sharpness with an optical comb width of 2.0 mm.
  • the sharpness is defined as C2.0
  • the values of C0.125 , C0.25 , C0.5 , C1.0 and C2.0 are preferably within the following ranges.
  • C 0.125 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less, in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C 0.125 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • the range of C 0.125 includes 1.0% to 50%, 1.0% to 40%, 1.0% to 30%, and 1.0% to 20%.
  • C 0.25 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less, in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C 0.25 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • the range of C 0.25 includes 1.0% to 50%, 1.0% to 40%, 1.0% to 30%, and 1.0% to 20%.
  • C 0.5 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less, in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C 0.5 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • the range of C 0.5 includes 1.0% to 50%, 1.0% to 40%, 1.0% to 30%, and 1.0% to 20%.
  • C 1.0 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less, in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C 1.0 is preferably 1.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • the range of C 1.0 includes 1.0% to 50%, 1.0% to 40%, 1.0% to 30%, and 1.0% to 20%.
  • C 2.0 is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less, in order to improve antiglare properties.
  • C 2.0 is preferably 5.0% or more in order to improve resolution.
  • the range of C 2.0 includes 5.0% to 50%, 5.0% to 40%, 5.0% to 30%, and 5.0% to 20%.
  • the total of C 0.125 , C 0.5 , C 1.0 and C 2.0 is preferably 200% or less, more preferably 150% or less, more preferably 100% or less, and 80%. % or less is more preferable.
  • the total is preferably 10.0% or more in order to improve the resolution. Examples of the range of the total include 10.0% to 200%, 10.0% to 150%, 10.0% to 100%, and 10.0% to 80%.
  • the antiglare film may have layers other than the antiglare layer and the transparent base material described above.
  • Other layers include an antireflection layer, an antifouling layer, an antistatic layer, and the like.
  • a preferred embodiment having other layers includes an embodiment in which an antireflection layer is provided on the uneven surface of the antiglare layer, and the surface of the antireflection layer is the uneven surface of the antiglare film. More preferably, the antireflection layer has antifouling properties. That is, an embodiment in which an antifouling antireflection layer is provided on the antiglare layer and the surface of the antifouling antireflection layer is the uneven surface of the antiglare film is more preferable.
  • the antireflection layer examples include a single layer structure of a low refractive index layer; a two layer structure of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer; and a multilayer structure of three or more layers.
  • the low refractive index layer and the high refractive index layer can be formed by a general-purpose wet method, dry method, or the like. In the case of the wet method, the single-layer structure or the two-layer structure is preferred, and in the case of the dry method, the multi-layer structure is preferred.
  • the low refractive index layer is preferably arranged on the outermost surface of the antiglare film.
  • the low refractive index layer preferably contains an antifouling agent such as a silicone-based compound and a fluorine-based compound.
  • the lower limit of the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.10 or more, more preferably 1.20 or more, more preferably 1.26 or more, more preferably 1.28 or more, and more preferably 1.30 or more.
  • the upper limit is preferably 1.48 or less, more preferably 1.45 or less, more preferably 1.40 or less, more preferably 1.38 or less, and more preferably 1.32 or less.
  • Preferred embodiments of the refractive index of the low refractive index layer are 1.10 to 1.48, 1.10 to 1.45, 1.10 to 1.40, and 1.10 to 1.38.
  • the lower limit of the thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 80 nm or more, more preferably 85 nm or more, more preferably 90 nm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 150 nm or less, more preferably 110 nm or less, and more preferably 105 nm or less.
  • Preferred embodiments of the thickness of the low refractive index layer include: 80 nm or more and 150 nm or less; 80 nm or more and 110 nm or less; 80 nm or more and 105 nm or less; 85 nm or more and 150 nm or less; 90 nm or more and 110 nm or less, and 90 nm or more and 105 nm or less.
  • the high refractive index layer is preferably arranged closer to the antiglare layer than the low refractive index layer.
  • the lower limit of the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.53 or more, more preferably 1.54 or more, more preferably 1.55 or more, more preferably 1.56 or more, and the upper limit is 1.85 or less. is preferred, 1.80 or less is more preferred, 1.75 or less is more preferred, and 1.70 or less is more preferred.
  • Preferred embodiments of the refractive index of the high refractive index layer are 1.53 to 1.85, 1.53 to 1.80, 1.53 to 1.75, and 1.53 to 1.70.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 180 nm or less, still more preferably 150 nm or less, and the lower limit is preferably 50 nm or more, more preferably 70 nm or more.
  • Preferred ranges for the thickness of the high refractive index layer include 50 nm to 200 nm, 50 nm to 180 nm, 50 nm to 150 nm, 70 nm to 200 nm, 70 nm to 180 nm, and 70 nm to 150 nm.
  • a multilayer structure preferably formed by a dry method is a structure in which high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers are alternately laminated to form a total of three or more layers. Also in the multilayer structure, the low refractive index layer is preferably arranged on the outermost surface of the antiglare film.
  • the high refractive index layer preferably has a thickness of 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and a refractive index of 2.10 or more and 2.40 or less. More preferably, the thickness of the high refractive index layer is 20 nm or more and 70 nm or less.
  • the low refractive index layer preferably has a thickness of 5 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and a refractive index of 1.33 or more and 1.53 or less. More preferably, the thickness of the low refractive index layer is 20 nm or more and 120 nm or less.
  • the antiglare film may be in the form of a leaf cut into a predetermined size, or may be in the form of a roll obtained by winding a long sheet.
  • the size of the sheet is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter is about 2 inches or more and 500 inches or less.
  • the “maximum diameter” refers to the maximum length of the antiglare film when two arbitrary points are connected. For example, when the antiglare film is rectangular, the diagonal line of the rectangle is the maximum diameter. When the antiglare film is circular, the diameter of the circle is the maximum diameter.
  • the width and length of the roll are not particularly limited, but generally the width is about 500 mm or more and 3000 mm or less, and the length is about 500 m or more and 5000 m or less.
  • the roll-shaped anti-glare film can be cut into pieces according to the size of the image display device or the like. When cutting, it is preferable to exclude the roll ends whose physical properties are not stable.
  • the shape of the surface of the antiglare film on the side opposite to the uneven surface is not particularly limited, but it is preferably substantially smooth.
  • substantially smooth means that the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of JIS B0601:2001 is less than 0.03 ⁇ m, preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or less.
  • the polarizing plate of the present disclosure has a polarizer, a first transparent protective plate arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate arranged on the other side of the polarizer.
  • a polarizing plate, At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the above-described antiglare film of the present disclosure, and the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface and the polarizer are arranged facing each other.
  • a polarizer for example, a sheet-type polarizer such as a polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl formal film, polyvinyl acetal film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer system saponified film dyed with iodine or the like and stretched; wire grid type polarizers made of metal wires, coating type polarizers coated with lyotropic liquid crystals or dichroic guest-host materials, multilayer thin film type polarizers, and the like. These polarizers may be reflective polarizers having the function of reflecting non-transmissive polarized light components.
  • a first transparent protective plate is arranged on one side of the polarizer, and a second transparent protective plate is arranged on the other side. At least one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate is the antiglare film of the present disclosure described above.
  • one of the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate may be the antiglare film of the present disclosure described above, or the first transparent protective plate and the second transparent protective plate may be the antiglare film of the present disclosure. Both of the plates may be antiglare films of the present disclosure as described above.
  • the transparent protective plate that is not the antiglare film of the present disclosure, a general-purpose plastic film, glass, or the like can be used.
  • the polarizer and the transparent protective plate are preferably pasted together with an adhesive.
  • a general-purpose adhesive can be used as the adhesive, and a PVA-based adhesive is preferable.
  • the surface plate for an image display device of the present disclosure is a surface plate for an image display device in which a protective film is laminated on a resin plate or a glass plate, and the protective film is the above-described antiglare film of the present disclosure. , the surface of the anti-glare film opposite to the uneven surface and the resin plate or the glass plate are arranged so as to face each other.
  • the resin plate or glass plate a resin plate or glass plate that is commonly used as a surface plate of an image display device can be used.
  • the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more in order to improve the strength.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is usually 5000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the resin plate or glass plate is preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • Examples of the thickness range of the resin plate or glass plate include 10 ⁇ m to 5000 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • An image display panel of the present disclosure is an image display panel having a display element and an optical film disposed on the light emitting surface side of the display element, and includes the antiglare film of the present disclosure as the optical film. , the surface of the antiglare film on the uneven surface side is arranged so as to face the opposite side of the display element (see FIG. 4).
  • the antiglare film of the present disclosure is preferably arranged on the outermost surface of the display element on the light exit surface side.
  • Examples of display elements include liquid crystal display elements, EL display elements (organic EL display elements and inorganic EL display elements), plasma display elements, and the like, and LED display elements such as micro LED display elements. These display elements may have a touch panel function inside the display element.
  • the liquid crystal display method of the liquid crystal display element includes an IPS method, a VA method, a multi-domain method, an OCB method, an STN method, a TSTN method, and the like.
  • the image display panel of the present disclosure may be an image display panel with a touch panel having a touch panel between the display element and the antiglare film.
  • the size of the image display panel is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter is about 2 inches or more and 500 inches or less.
  • the maximum diameter means the maximum length when arbitrary two points in the plane of the image display panel are connected.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure includes the image display panel of the present disclosure.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure is not particularly limited as long as it includes the image display panel of the present disclosure.
  • the image display device of the present disclosure preferably includes the image display panel of the present disclosure, a drive control unit electrically connected to the image display panel, and a housing that accommodates them.
  • the display element is a liquid crystal display element
  • the image display device of the present disclosure requires a backlight.
  • the backlight is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display element from the light emitting surface side.
  • the size of the image display device is not particularly limited, but the maximum diameter of the effective display area is about 2 inches or more and 500 inches or less.
  • the effective display area of an image display device is an area in which an image can be displayed. For example, when the image display device has a housing that surrounds the display element, the area inside the housing becomes the effective image area.
  • the maximum diameter of the effective image area is defined as the maximum length obtained by connecting any two points within the effective image area. For example, if the effective image area is rectangular, the diagonal of the rectangle is the maximum diameter. When the effective image area is circular, the diameter of the circle is the maximum diameter.
  • the present disclosure includes the following [1]-[18].
  • the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface is attached to an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi. In a darkroom, the image on the image display device is displayed in green, and the image is photographed with a CCD camera from the antiglare film side to obtain image data.
  • a CCD camera with a pixel pitch of 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m and 16 million pixels is used.
  • the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera is 500 mm.
  • a region ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels is extracted from the obtained image data.
  • the area ⁇ is subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small area is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small area to obtain corrected luminance.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions is divided by the average value of the corrected luminances of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • ⁇ q is 0.250 ⁇ m/ ⁇ m or more and ⁇ q is 17.000 ⁇ m or less, where the root-mean-square inclination of the uneven surface is defined as ⁇ q, and the root-mean-square wavelength of the uneven surface is defined as ⁇ q.
  • [4] The antiglare film according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein Rq is 0.300 ⁇ m or more, where Rq is the root-mean-square roughness of the uneven surface.
  • Rq is 0.300 ⁇ m or more, where Rq is the root-mean-square roughness of the uneven surface.
  • the antiglare film according to any one of [1] to [4] which has a haze of 40% or more and 98% or less according to JIS K7136:2000.
  • D/T is 0.20 or more and 0.96 or less, where T is the thickness of the antiglare layer and D is the average particle diameter of the particles.
  • the antiglare film according to [6] or [7] which contains 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less of the particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin.
  • the binder resin contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation-curable resin composition and a thermoplastic resin.
  • a surface plate for an image display device comprising a resin plate or a glass plate and a protective film laminated thereon, wherein the protective film is the antiglare film according to any one of [1] to [14]
  • a surface plate for an image display device wherein the surface of the antiglare film opposite to the uneven surface and the resin plate or the glass plate are arranged to face each other.
  • An image display panel having a display element and an optical film disposed on the light emitting surface side of the display element, wherein the optical film is the antiglare according to any one of [1] to [14].
  • An image display panel comprising a film, wherein the antiglare film is arranged such that the uneven surface side of the antiglare film faces the side opposite to the display element.
  • An image display device comprising the image display panel according to [17] and having the antiglare film disposed on the outermost surface.
  • the antiglare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were measured and evaluated as follows. The atmosphere during each measurement and evaluation was set at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 5° C. and a relative humidity of 40% or more and 65% or less. In addition, before starting each measurement and evaluation, the target sample was exposed to the atmosphere for 30 minutes or more and 60 minutes or less, and then the measurement and evaluation were performed. The results are shown in Table 1 or 2.
  • the 60-degree specular gloss and the 20-degree specular gloss on the uneven surface side of the sample were measured using a gloss meter (Murakami Color Research Laboratory, trade name "GM-26PRO").
  • GM-26PRO The 60-degree specular gloss and the 20-degree specular gloss on the uneven surface side of the sample were measured using a gloss meter (Murakami Color Research Laboratory, trade name "GM-26PRO").
  • the power switch of the device was turned on in advance, and then the sample was measured after waiting for 15 minutes or more and adjusting the standard using a standard plate attached to the device.
  • the black glass surface of the standard plate was set on the sample table so that the measurement surface was the surface to be measured, and the span adjustment knob was used to adjust the value specified on the standard plate.
  • measurements were performed at 16 points for each sample, and the average value of the 16 points was taken as the 60-degree specular glossiness and the 20-degree specular glossiness of each example and comparative example.
  • 1-2. Measurement of Brightness Variation Coefficient As an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi, Sony Corporation's trade name “Xperia (registered trademark) Z5 E6653” was prepared. The anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were pasted on the image display device on the side opposite to the uneven surface via a transparent adhesive medium (trade name "FIXFILM HGA2" manufactured by Fujicopian Co., Ltd.). The transparent adhesive medium has, in this order, a transparent adsorption layer, a transparent substrate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, and a transparent adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer side of the transparent adhesive medium was on the side of the image display device, and the adhesive layer side of the transparent adhesive medium was on the side opposite to the uneven surface of the antiglare film.
  • the camera body cooled CCD camera [Bitran Co., Ltd. product name “BU-63M”, pixel pitch: 5.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 5.5 ⁇ m, number of pixels: 16 million pixels, number of pixels: 4896 ⁇ 3264]
  • a camera lens Nekon Corporation's product name "AI AF Micro-Nikkor 60mm f/2.8D" was prepared.
  • the image display device to which the anti-glare film was attached and the CCD camera were arranged so that the distance from the surface of the display element to the entrance pupil of the camera lens of the CCD camera was 500 mm.
  • the effective f-number of the camera lens was set to 36.4.
  • the focus of the CCD camera was adjusted so as to match the surface of the display element, and the images were taken in a darkroom environment with the image display device displaying green.
  • the exposure time was adjusted so that the gradation of the acquired data did not exceed the upper and lower limits of the gradation area, and the data was acquired.
  • an area ⁇ of 128 ⁇ 128 pixels of the imaging device necessary for calculating the luminance variation coefficient was extracted.
  • the area ⁇ was subdivided into 8 ⁇ 8 pixel areas to obtain 256 small areas.
  • the brightness of each pixel in each small region was divided by the average brightness of all pixels in each small region to obtain corrected brightness.
  • the standard deviation of the corrected luminance of the 256 small regions was divided by the average value of the corrected luminance of the 256 small regions to calculate the luminance variation coefficient.
  • the luminance of each pixel in each small region is divided by the average luminance of all pixels in each small region. Therefore, it is possible to correct luminance unevenness unique to the display element. Furthermore, in the method of measuring the luminance variation coefficient of the present disclosure, since the standard deviation of the corrected luminance is divided by the average value of the corrected luminance, there is no influence of the absolute value of the luminance unique to the display element. Based on the description in the text of the specification, the measurement was performed at 16 points for each sample, and the average value of the 16 points was used as the luminance variation coefficient of each example and comparative example.
  • Low wavelength corresponds to the "cutoff value ⁇ c" in the roughness parameter.
  • Total light transmittance (Tt) and haze (Hz) The antiglare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into 10 cm squares. After visually confirming that there were no abnormalities such as dust or scratches, the cutting sites were selected at random. Using a haze meter (HM-150, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory), the total light transmittance of each sample according to JIS K7361-1:1997 and the haze according to JIS K7136:2000 were measured. In order to stabilize the light source, turn on the power switch of the device and wait at least 15 minutes before performing calibration without setting anything at the entrance opening (the place where the measurement sample is installed). A sample was set and measured. The light incident surface during measurement was on the side of the transparent substrate.
  • Tt Total light transmittance
  • Hz haze
  • Anti-glare 1 (anti-glare in specular direction) Place the sample prepared in 1-1 on a horizontal table with a height of 70 cm with the uneven surface facing up, and in a bright room environment, from the angle that is the regular reflection direction of the illumination light, the unevenness is measured according to the following evaluation criteria. Reflection of illumination light on the surface was evaluated. During the evaluation, the position of the sample with respect to the illumination was adjusted so that the incident angle of the light emitted from the center of the illumination with respect to the sample B was 10 degrees. A Hf32 type straight tube three-wavelength neutral white fluorescent lamp was used as lighting, and the position of the lighting was 2 m above the horizontal table in the vertical direction.
  • the illuminance on the uneven surface of the sample was evaluated in the range of 500 lux or more and 1000 lux or less.
  • the observer's line of sight was about 160 cm from the floor.
  • the observers were 20 people selected from healthy people in their 30s with a visual acuity of 0.7 or more.
  • ⁇ Evaluation Criteria> A: 16 or more people answered that they could not distinguish the contour of the lighting and the position of the lighting at all
  • A- 11 to 15 people answered that they could not distinguish the contour of the lighting and the position of the lighting at all
  • Less than 10 people answered that they could not distinguish the outline and the position of the lighting at all Furthermore, less than half of those who did not answer as above said they could vaguely distinguish the outline and position of the illumination.
  • C Less than 10 people answered that they could not distinguish the contour of the illumination and the position of the illumination at all. Furthermore, more than half of those who did not answer as above answered that they could vaguely distinguish the outline and position of the lighting.
  • Anti-glare 2 (anti-glare at various angles)
  • the sample prepared in 1-1 is held with both hands, and the reflection of illumination light on the uneven surface is evaluated in the same manner as in 1-5, except that the height and angle of the sample are changed. bottom.
  • the above-described change of the angle was performed within a range in which the incident angle of the light emitted from the center of the illumination with respect to the sample was 10 degrees or more and 70 degrees or less.
  • Glare As an image display device having a display element with a pixel density of 424 ppi, Sony Corporation's product name "Xperia (registered trademark) Z5 E6653" was prepared.
  • the anti-glare films of Examples and Comparative Examples were pasted on the image display device via a transparent adhesive film (trade name "FIXFILM HGA2” manufactured by Fujicopian Co., Ltd.) on the side opposite to the uneven surface.
  • the transparent adhesive film has an adsorption layer, a substrate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, and an adhesive layer in this order.
  • the adhesive layer side of the transparent adhesive film was on the side of the image display device, and the adhesive layer side of the transparent adhesive film was on the opposite side to the uneven surface of the antiglare film.
  • Place the image display device to which the anti-glare film is pasted together on a horizontal table set the image display device to display green, and from all angles above the anti-glare film at a linear distance of 50 cm, glare at the place where the anti-glare film is pasted is conspicuous. It was visually evaluated whether or not.
  • the evaluation environment was a bright room environment (illuminance on the antiglare film was 500-1000 lux.
  • Evaluation was made by 20 subjects, with 3 points indicating no glare, 2 points indicating neither feeling, and 0 points indicating strong glare. The average score of 20 evaluations was calculated and ranked according to the following criteria. The 20 subjects were 5 from each age group of 20's to 50's. ⁇ Evaluation Criteria> A: Average score of 2.5 or more B: Average score of 2.0 or more and less than 2.5 C: Average score of 1.5 or more and less than 2.0 D: Average score of less than 1.5
  • the illuminance on the antiglare film was 800 lux or more and 1200 lux or less, and the observation distance was 30 cm.
  • the maximum load (g) per unit area when no scratches were observed after the test was confirmed.
  • B Maximum load of 150 g or more and less than 200 g
  • C Maximum load of less than 150 g
  • the sample prepared in 1-1 was placed on a horizontal stand with a height of 70 cm so that the uneven surface faced upward.
  • the position of the sample with respect to the illumination was adjusted so that the light with the strongest output angle out of the light emitted from the illumination was barely incident on the sample. Due to the adjustment described above, the positions of the samples relative to the observer are placed further away from the observer than the positions of the samples 1-5.
  • a sample was placed at the above position, and the degree of reflected scattered light was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
  • the observer's line of sight was about 160 cm from the floor. Observers were 20 healthy people with a visual acuity of 0.7 or more. The 20 people were selected from each age group of 20s to 50s.
  • Antiglare layer coating liquid 1 having the following formulation was applied onto a transparent substrate (80 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose resin film (TAC), Fuji Film Co., Ltd., TD80UL) and dried at 70° C. for 30 seconds at a wind speed of 5 m/s. After that, an antiglare layer was formed by irradiating ultraviolet rays in a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200ppm or less so that the integrated amount of light was 100mJ/cm 2 , and an antiglare film of Example 1 was obtained. The thickness of the antiglare layer was 5.0 ⁇ m. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface opposite to the uneven surface of the antiglare film was 0.012 ⁇ m.
  • the antiglare layers of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were produced by the method (d1) in the specification.
  • Example 2 The antiglare film of Example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 2, and the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 6.5 ⁇ m. got
  • Example 3 [Examples 3, 6, 7, 8], [Comparative Example 1-3] In the same manner as in Example 1, except that the antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 3-9. A glare film was obtained.
  • Example 4 An antireflection layer was formed on the antiglare layer of the antiglare film of Example 1 by a sputtering method to obtain an antiglare film of Example 4.
  • the antireflection layers consist of a 10 nm-thick low refractive index layer made of SiO2 , a 25 nm-thick high refractive index layer made of Nb2O5 , a 35 nm- thick low refractive index layer made of SiO2 , and Nb2O5 . and a low refractive index layer of SiO 2 with a thickness of 104 nm, which were laminated in this order.
  • the refractive index of the high refractive index layer was 2.32 and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer was 1.45.
  • Example 5 On the antiglare layer of the antiglare film of Example 2, a low refractive index layer coating solution 1 having the following formulation was applied and dried at 70°C at a wind speed of 5 m/s for 30 seconds, and then exposed to ultraviolet rays in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration 200 ppm). Below), the integrated light amount was 100 mJ/cm 2 to form a low refractive index layer, and an antiglare film of Example 5 was obtained.
  • the low refractive index layer had a thickness of 0.10 ⁇ m and a refractive index of 1.32.
  • Example 9 An antiglare film of Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the antiglare film of Example 8 was used instead of the antiglare film of Example 2.
  • Antiglare layer coating solution 11 having the following formulation was applied onto a transparent substrate (80 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose resin film (TAC), Fuji Film Co., Ltd., TD80UL) and dried at 70° C. for 60 seconds at a wind speed of 5 m/s. After that, irradiation was performed so that the integrated light amount was 60 mJ/cm 2 to form an antiglare layer. The thickness of the antiglare layer was 8.0 ⁇ m. Next, the low refractive index layer coating liquid 1 is applied on the antiglare layer, dried at 70 ° C.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose resin film
  • TD80UL triacetyl cellulose resin film
  • Example 10 and Comparative Example 4 were produced by the method of phase separation (d2) in the text of the specification.
  • Antiglare layer coating liquid 10 having the following formulation was applied to a transparent substrate (100 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate resin film (PET), Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Diafoil), and dried at 80° C. for 60 seconds at a wind speed of 5 m/s. , to form an antiglare layer and obtain an antiglare film of Comparative Example 4 .
  • the thickness of the antiglare layer was 9.0 ⁇ m.
  • the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface opposite to the uneven surface of the antiglare film was 0.014 ⁇ m.
  • Comparative Example 5 The antiglare layer coating solution of Comparative Example 5 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4, except that the antiglare layer coating solution was changed to antiglare layer coating solution 12 having the following formulation and the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 7.0 ⁇ m. got the film.
  • Comparative Example 6 An antiglare film of Comparative Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4, except that the antiglare layer coating solution was changed to antiglare layer coating solution 13 having the following formulation.
  • Comparative Example 7 The antiglare layer coating solution of Comparative Example 7 was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4, except that the antiglare layer coating solution was changed to antiglare layer coating solution 14 having the following formulation and the thickness of the antiglare layer was changed to 6.0 ⁇ m. got the film.
  • the organic particles of the antiglare layer coating liquid 1 were "average particle diameter 3.5 ⁇ m, refractive index 1.515 (Sekisui Kasei Co., Ltd., spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, particle diameter 3.3-3.7 ⁇ m ratio is 90% or more)”, silica particles are changed to silica particles that are “average particle size 6.0 ⁇ m (manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd., gel method amorphous silica)”, silica particles A coating liquid having the same composition as the antiglare layer coating liquid 1, except that the amount of added was changed from 25 parts to 20 parts.
  • Antiglare Layer Coating Solution 1 the same composition as Antiglare Layer Coating Solution 1, except that the amount of organic particles added was changed from 10 parts to 0 parts, and the amount of silica particles added was changed from 25 parts to 30 parts.
  • Anti-glare layer coating solution 5 In antiglare layer coating liquid 4, the amount of organic particles added was changed from 59.3 parts to 43.3 parts, and the amount of inorganic fine particle dispersion silica particles added was changed from 215 parts to 182 parts. A coating liquid having the same composition as the layer coating liquid 4.
  • Anti-glare layer coating solution 6 A coating liquid having the same composition as antiglare layer coating liquid 1 except that the amount of silica particles added was changed from 25 parts to 20 parts.
  • Anti-glare layer coating solution 9 A coating liquid having the same composition as the antiglare layer coating liquid 8 except that the amount of silica particles added in the antiglare layer coating liquid 8 is changed from 7 parts to 14 parts.
  • ⁇ Anti-glare layer coating solution 10> Acrylic polymer 15.0 parts (Daicel Allnex, trade name: Cychroma-P) - Cellulose acetate propionate 3 parts (Eastman Co., trade name: CAP-482-20) ⁇ Nanosilica-containing acrylic UV-curable compound 150 parts (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name: UVHC7800G) ⁇ Silicone acrylate 1 part (Daicel Allnex, trade name: EB1360) - Photopolymerization initiator 1 part (IGM Resins B.V., trade name: Omnirad184) - Photopolymerization initiator 1 part (IGM Resins B.V., trade name: Omnirad 907) ⁇ Solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) 101 parts ⁇ Solvent (1-butanol) 24 parts
  • ⁇ Anti-glare layer coating solution 13> Acrylic polymer 12.5 parts (Daicel Allnex, trade name: Cychroma-P) - Cellulose acetate propionate 4 parts (Eastman Co., trade name: CAP-482-20) ⁇ Nanosilica-containing acrylic UV-curable compound 210 parts (manufactured by Nikki Shokubai Kasei Co., Ltd., HP-1004) ⁇ Silicone acrylate 1 part (Daicel Allnex, trade name: EB1360) - Photopolymerization initiator 1 part (IGM Resins B.V., trade name: Omnirad184) - Photopolymerization initiator 1 part (IGM Resins B.V., trade name: Omnirad 907) ⁇ Solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) 31 parts ⁇ Solvent (1-butanol) 24 parts ⁇ Solvent (1-methoxy-2-propanol) 12 parts
  • ⁇ Low refractive index layer coating solution 1> Polyfunctional acrylate composition 100 parts by mass (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., trade name "New Frontier MF-001") ⁇ 200 parts by mass of hollow silica particles (average primary particle diameter 75 nm, particles surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having a methacryloyl group) - Solid silica particles 110 parts by mass (particles surface-treated with a silane coupling agent having an average primary particle diameter of 12.5 nm and a methacryloyl group) ⁇ Silicone leveling agent 13 parts by mass (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “X-22-164E”) - Photopolymerization initiator 4.3 parts by mass (IGM Resins, trade name "Omnirad 127”) ⁇ Solvent 14,867 parts by mass (mixed solvent of methyl isobutyl ketone and 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate

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