WO2023058922A1 - 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023058922A1 WO2023058922A1 PCT/KR2022/013641 KR2022013641W WO2023058922A1 WO 2023058922 A1 WO2023058922 A1 WO 2023058922A1 KR 2022013641 W KR2022013641 W KR 2022013641W WO 2023058922 A1 WO2023058922 A1 WO 2023058922A1
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- Prior art keywords
- formula
- compound represented
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- aqueous electrolyte
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 description 1
- IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSUWCXHZPFTZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CCC1OC(=O)OC1C LSUWCXHZPFTZSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEKVBBNGWBBYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluorobenzonitrile Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 AEKVBBNGWBBYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUXJVUDWWLIGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC1COC(=O)O1 AUXJVUDWWLIGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHVGNJARCYKUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2-cyanoethyl)nonanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC(CCC#N)CCCC#N LHVGNJARCYKUBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016467 AlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003936 Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004406 Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2CO0.2)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004427 Li(Ni0.7Mn0.15Co0.15)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004437 Li(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004499 Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013733 LiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010941 LiFSI Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015644 LiMn 2 - z Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012424 LiSO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Li] NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006257 cathode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000332 coumarinyl group Chemical group O1C(=O)C(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021479 dubnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003784 fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(O)=O FOWDZVNRQHPXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound C=C[Si](C=C)(C=C)C=C UFHILTCGAOPTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetralithium oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O RBYFNZOIUUXJQD-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- Lithium secondary batteries generally form an electrode assembly by interposing a separator between a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material made of a transition metal oxide containing lithium and a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material capable of storing lithium ions, and the electrode It is manufactured by inserting the assembly into a battery case, injecting a non-aqueous electrolyte that serves as a medium for delivering lithium ions, and then sealing it.
- Lithium secondary batteries can be miniaturized and are applied to various fields such as mobile devices, electronic products, and electric vehicles due to their high energy density and high operating voltage. As the fields of application of lithium secondary batteries diversify, the required physical properties are also gradually increasing.
- PF 6 -anions from lithium salts such as LiPF 6 contained in the electrolyte may be thermally decomposed to generate Lewis acids such as PF 5 , which is react to form HF.
- Decomposition products such as PF 5 and HF may not only destroy the film formed on the surface of the electrode, but also cause a decomposition reaction of the organic solvent.
- the decomposition product of the electrolyte solution may react with the decomposition product of the positive electrode active material to elute transition metal ions, and the eluted transition metal ions may be deposited on the negative electrode to destroy a film formed on the negative electrode surface.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution containing a compound having a structure in which a propargyl group is bonded to coumarin, thereby suppressing the decomposition reaction of an electrolyte and forming a reinforced film on an electrode, and comprising the same It is intended to provide a lithium secondary battery.
- the present invention is a lithium salt; organic solvent; And it provides a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery comprising a compound represented by Formula 1 below.
- R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- L is a direct bond, -O-, -COO-, -RO-, or -R'COO-;
- R and R' are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- n is any integer from 0 to 5;
- the present invention provides a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material; a separator interposed between the anode and cathode; And it provides a lithium secondary battery comprising the non-aqueous electrolyte for the lithium secondary battery.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention reacts with active oxygen at the anode by the coumarin structure to effectively suppress the decomposition of the anode and is durable on the electrode because it contains a compound having a structure in which a propargyl group, which is advantageous for forming a film on the surface of the anode, is bonded.
- a propargyl group which is advantageous for forming a film on the surface of the anode, is bonded.
- anions included in lithium salts such as LiPF 6 widely used in electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries form decomposition products such as hydrogen fluoride (HF) and PF 5 by thermal decomposition or moisture. These decomposition products have acid properties and deteriorate the film or electrode surface in the battery.
- decomposition products such as hydrogen fluoride (HF) and PF 5 by thermal decomposition or moisture.
- Transition metals in the anode are easily eluted into the electrolyte due to decomposition products of the electrolyte and structural changes of the anode due to repeated charging and discharging, and the eluted transition metal is re-deposited on the anode to reduce the resistance of the anode. increase
- the eluted transition metal moves to the negative electrode through the electrolyte, it is deposited on the negative electrode, causing destruction of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film and additional electrolyte decomposition reactions, which causes problems such as consumption of lithium ions and increase in resistance. Occurs.
- SEI solid electrolyte interphase
- a protective film is formed on the positive and negative electrodes by the reaction of the electrolyte. If the film becomes unstable for the above reasons, additional decomposition of the electrolyte occurs during charge-discharge or high temperature exposure to promote battery deterioration and release gas. generate
- the initial capacity characteristics are improved, but when charging and discharging are repeated, the amount of lithium by-product and gas generated by side reactions increases and the decomposition reaction of the electrolyte solution may intensify.
- the present inventors included a compound represented by Formula 1, which has a structure in which a Propargyl group is bonded to Coumarin, in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, thereby reducing the decomposition reaction of the electrolyte solution and It was found that the elution of the transition metal and the generation of gas can be suppressed. In particular, it was confirmed that the inclusion of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution according to the present invention has an effect of improving not only the initial capacity of the battery including the high-Ni cathode active material but also the durability during high-temperature storage and cycle progress.
- the present invention is a lithium salt; organic solvent; And it provides a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery containing the compound represented by Formula 1.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present invention includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below.
- R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- L is a direct bond, -O-, -COO-, -RO-, or -R'COO-;
- R and R' are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- n is any integer from 0 to 5;
- active oxygen such as singlet oxygen and superoxide is generated at the positive electrode, which causes deterioration in battery performance.
- coumarin included in the compound represented by Formula 1 has a higher reactivity to active oxygen than an electrolyte solvent such as ethylene carbonate, it reacts with active oxygen first compared to the electrolyte solvent, thereby suppressing the decomposition of the electrolyte solution by active oxygen.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 contains a propargyl functional group that is easily reduced, it is possible to form a passivation film with enhanced durability while undergoing reductive decomposition on the surface of the anode.
- a stable film can be formed on the interface between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and the electrolyte, stability can be secured by suppressing side reactions while using a high-nickel positive electrode active material, thereby securing not only the initial performance of a lithium secondary battery but also high-temperature durability and long lifespan. effective in improving
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula 1-1 and a compound represented by Formula 2-1 below.
- R1, R2, L and m are as defined in Formula 1 above.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may include the compound represented by Formula 1-1.
- Chemical Formula 1-1 when the propargyl group is substituted at position 3, it is preferable because it has an effect of increasing reactivity by stabilizing radicals at positions 3 and 4.
- L in Formula 1 may be -O- or -COO-.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 is a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-2, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-3, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2-2, and Chemical Formula 2 It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by -3.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula 1-2 and a compound represented by Formula 1-3 below.
- R1, R2 and m are as defined in Formula 1 above.
- m in Formula 1 may be 0, and R2 may be an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably a methylene group. .
- the compound represented by Formula 1 consists of a compound represented by Formula 1A, a compound represented by Formula 1B, a compound represented by Formula 2A, and a compound represented by Formula 2B. It may contain at least one selected from the group.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1A and a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1B.
- the content of the compound represented by Formula 1 is 0.1% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1% to 1% by weight based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte. 0.2% to 0.8% by weight.
- the content of the compound represented by Formula 1 is 0.1% by weight or more, it is preferable in that the effect of inhibiting metal ion decomposition in the positive electrode to be obtained in the present invention can be obtained, and when the content is 5% by weight or less, battery performance is increased due to resistance. It is preferable because it can prevent this fall.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention is used to prevent electrode collapse caused by decomposition of the electrolyte in a high voltage environment, or to further improve low-temperature high-rate discharge characteristics, high-temperature stability, overcharge prevention, and high-temperature battery expansion suppression effect, etc.
- the following additives may optionally be further included.
- the additive is a cyclic carbonate-based compound, a halogen-substituted carbonate-based compound, a sultone-based compound, a sulfate-based compound, a phosphate or phosphite-based compound, a borate-based compound, a nitrile-based compound, an amine-based compound, a silane-based compound, or a benzene-based compound And it may be at least one selected from lithium salt-based compounds.
- the cyclic carbonate-based compound may be at least one selected from vinylene carbonate (VC) and vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), and specifically may be vinylene carbonate.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC vinyl ethylene carbonate
- the halogen-substituted carbonate-based compound may be fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC).
- the sultone-based compound is a material capable of forming a stable SEI film by a reduction reaction on the surface of an anode, and includes 1,3-propane sultone (PS), 1,4-butane sultone, ethensultone, 1,3-propene sultone ( PRS), 1,4-butene sultone, and 1-methyl-1,3-propene sultone, and may be at least one compound selected from 1,3-propane sultone (PS).
- PS 1,3-propane sultone
- PRS 1,3-propene sultone
- PRS 1,3-propene sultone
- 1-methyl-1,3-propene sultone and may be at least one compound selected from 1,3-propane sultone (PS).
- the sulfate-based compound is a material capable of forming a stable SEI film that is electrically decomposed on the surface of the anode and does not crack even when stored at high temperature, and is ethylene sulfate (Esa), trimethylene sulfate (TMS), or methyl tree It may be one or more selected from methylene sulfate (Methyl trimethylene sulfate; MTMS).
- the phosphate-based or phosphite-based compound is lithium difluoro (bisoxalato) phosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, tris (trimethyl silyl) phosphate, tris (trimethyl silyl) phosphite, tris (2,2,2-tris) fluoroethyl)phosphate and tris(trifluoroethyl) phosphite.
- the borate-based compound may be lithium tetraphenylborate.
- the nitrile-based compound is succinonitrile (SN), adiponitrile (ADN), acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile, caprylonitrile, heptanenitrile, cyclopentane carbonitrile, cyclohexane carbonitrile , 2-fluorobenzonitrile, 4-fluorobenzonitrile, difluorobenzonitrile, trifluorobenzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, 2-fluorophenylacetonitrile, 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile, ethylene glycol bis (2-cyanoethyl) ether (ASA3), 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile (HTCN), 1,4-dicyano 2-butene (DCB) and 1,2,3-tris(2- It may be at least one selected from cyanoethyl) propane (TCEP).
- TCEP cyanoethyl) propane
- the amine-based compound may be at least one selected from triethanolamine and ethylenediamine, and the silane-based compound may be tetravinylsilane.
- the benzene-based compound may be at least one selected from monofluorobenzene, difluorobenzene, trifluorobenzene, and tetrafluorobenzene.
- the lithium salt-based compound is a compound different from the lithium salt contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte, and includes lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP; LiPO 2 F 2 ), lithium bisoxalate borate (LiBOB; LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), It may be at least one compound selected from lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) and lithium difluoro (bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFOP).
- LiDFP lithium difluorophosphate
- LiPO 2 F 2 lithium bisoxalate borate
- LiB LiB (C 2 O 4 ) 2
- It may be at least one compound selected from lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ) and lithium difluoro (bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFOP).
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), fluoro ethylene carbonate (FEC), 1,3-propane sultone (PS), 1,3 -Prophenesultone (PRS), ethylene sulfate (ESa), succinonitrile (SN), adiponitrile (ADN), ethylene glycol bis(2-cyanoethyl) ether (ASA3), 1,3,6-hexane Tricarbonitrile (HTCN), 1,4-dicyano 2-butene (DCB), 1,2,3-tris(2-cyanoethyl)propane (TCEP), lithium difluoro oxalato borate (LiODFB) , Lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium difluoro (bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFOP), and lithium difluoro phosphate (L
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC
- the nonaqueous electrolyte solution according to one embodiment of the present invention is vinylene carbonate (VC), vinylethylene carbonate (VEC), 1,3-propane sultone (PS), ethylene sulfate (ESa), lithium difluoro
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC vinylethylene carbonate
- PS 1,3-propane sultone
- ESa ethylene sulfate
- LiODFB oxalato borate
- LiDFP lithium difluoro phosphate
- the content of the additive may be 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably 0.3 wt% to 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the content of the additive is within the above range, there is an effect of suppressing side reactions through film formation on the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the present invention contains an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent various organic solvents commonly used in lithium electrolytes may be used without limitation.
- the organic solvent may be a cyclic carbonate-based solvent, a linear carbonate-based solvent, a linear ester-based solvent, a cyclic ester-based solvent, a nitrile-based solvent, or a mixture thereof, preferably a cyclic carbonate-based solvent and a linear carbonate-based solvent. Mixtures of solvents may be included.
- the cyclic carbonate-based solvent is a high-viscosity organic solvent that has a high permittivity and can easily dissociate lithium salts in the electrolyte.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- PC propylene carbonate
- the linear carbonate-based solvent is an organic solvent having a low viscosity and low dielectric constant, and includes dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methyl It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of propyl carbonate and ethylpropyl carbonate, and preferably may include ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), or diethyl carbonate (DEC).
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- the organic solvent is preferably a mixture of a cyclic carbonate-based solvent and a linear carbonate-based solvent in order to prepare an electrolyte having high ionic conductivity.
- the linear ester solvent may be at least one selected from methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate and butyl propionate, preferably methyl propionate , ethyl propionate or propyl propionate.
- the cyclic ester-based solvent may be at least one selected from ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone.
- the nitrile solvent is succinonitrile, acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile, caprylonitrile, heptanenitrile, cyclopentane carbonitrile, cyclohexane carbonitrile, 2-fluorobenzonitrile, 4- It may be at least one selected from fluorobenzonitrile, difluorobenzonitrile, trifluorobenzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, 2-fluorophenylacetonitrile and 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile, preferably succinonitrile can be
- the remainder of the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte may be an organic solvent unless otherwise specified.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention contains a lithium salt.
- the lithium salt those commonly used in electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries may be used without limitation.
- the lithium salt includes Li + as a cation and F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , and NO as an anion.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiN(FSO 2 ) 2 (LiFSI), LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiTFSI), lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide (Lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl)imide, LiBETI), LiSO 3 CF 3 , LiPO 2 F 2 , Lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB), Lithium difluoro(oxalate)borate difluoro(oxalate)borate (LiFOB), lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFOP), lithium tetrafluoro(oxalate) phosphate (LiTFOP), And lithium fluoromalonato (difluoro) borate (Lithium fluoromalonato (difluoro) bo
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the non-aqueous organic solution containing the lithium salt and an organic solvent may be 0.5 to 4.0M, specifically 0.5M to 3.0M, and more specifically 0.8M to 2.0M. there is.
- concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, it is possible to obtain adequate electrolyte impregnability by preventing excessive increase in viscosity and surface tension while sufficiently securing effects of improving low-temperature output and cycle characteristics.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is the non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention.
- a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material
- a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is the non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention.
- the positive electrode according to the present invention includes a positive electrode active material, and may be prepared by coating a positive electrode slurry including a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, and a solvent on a positive electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling.
- the positive current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and is, for example, stainless steel; aluminum; nickel; titanium; calcined carbon; Alternatively, aluminum or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like may be used.
- the cathode active material is a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium, and specifically, may include a lithium composite metal oxide containing lithium and at least one metal such as cobalt, manganese, nickel, or aluminum. there is.
- the cathode active material may be lithium-cobalt-based oxide (eg, LiCoO 2 ), lithium-manganese-based oxide (eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , etc.), lithium-nickel-based oxide (eg, For example, LiNiO 2 , etc.), lithium-nickel-manganese oxides (for example, LiNi 1-Y Mn Y O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1), LiMn 2-z Ni z O 4 (where, 0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 2), etc.), lithium-nickel-cobalt-based oxide (eg, LiNi 1-Y1 Co Y1 O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 1), etc.), lithium-manganese-cobalt-based oxide ( For example, LiCo 1-Y2 Mn Y2 O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y2 ⁇ 1), LiMn 2-z1 Co z1 O 4 (where 0 ⁇ Z1 ⁇ 2), etc.), lithium-nickel-based
- the cathode active material is lithium-cobalt oxide, lithium-manganese-based oxide, lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide, and lithium-nickel-cobalt-transition metal (M ) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of oxides, and may include a lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide having a nickel content of 55 atm% or more and a lithium-nickel-cobalt-transition metal having a nickel content of 55 atm% or more (M ) may include at least one selected from among oxides.
- Li(Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/3 )O 2 Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 , consisting of Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.7 Mn 0.15 Co 0.15 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 )O 2 and Li(Ni 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 )O 2 It may include at least one selected from the group, and may preferably include Li(Ni 0.86 Co 0.057 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 )O 2 .
- the cathode active material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a lithium composite transition metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3 below.
- M is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B and Mo At least one selected species,
- a, b, c, and d are atomic fractions of independent elements, specifically atomic fractions of Li, Ni, Co, Mn, and M, respectively;
- a, b, c, and d may satisfy 0.70 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.95, 0.025 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.20, 0.025 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.20, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.05, respectively.
- a, b, c, and d may be 0.80 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.95, 0.025 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.15, 0.025 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.15, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.05, respectively.
- a, b, c, and d may be 0.85 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.90, 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.10, 0.05 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.10, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.03, respectively.
- the cathode active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt%, specifically 90 wt% to 99 wt%, based on the total weight of the solid content in the cathode slurry. In this case, when the content of the cathode active material is 80% by weight or less, the energy density may be lowered and the capacity may be lowered.
- the binder is a component that assists in the binding of the active material and the conductive material and the current collector, and may be typically added in an amount of 1% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode slurry.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene , polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, or various copolymers thereof.
- the conductive material is a material that imparts conductivity to the battery without causing chemical change, and may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the solid content in the positive electrode slurry.
- the conductive material examples include carbon black such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black; graphite powders such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon nanotubes and graphite; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; conductive powders such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; and conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives.
- carbon black such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black and thermal black
- graphite powders such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon nanotubes and graphite
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- conductive powders such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- conductive materials such as
- the solvent of the positive electrode slurry may include an organic solvent such as NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), and may be used in an amount that provides a desired viscosity when the positive electrode active material, binder, and conductive material are included.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the solids concentration in the positive electrode slurry including the positive electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive material may be 40% to 90% by weight, preferably 50% to 80% by weight.
- the negative electrode according to the present invention includes a negative electrode active material, and may be prepared by coating a negative electrode slurry including a negative electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, and a solvent on a negative electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling.
- the anode current collector generally has a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity, and examples thereof include copper; stainless steel; aluminum; nickel; titanium; calcined carbon; What surface-treated the surface of copper or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.; Alternatively, an aluminum-cadmium alloy or the like may be used.
- fine irregularities may be formed on the surface to enhance the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material, and may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwoven fabrics.
- the anode active material may include a carbon material capable of reversibly intercalating/deintercalating lithium ions; metals or alloys of these metals with lithium; metal composite oxides; materials capable of doping and undoping lithium; lithium metal; and transition metal oxides.
- any carbon-based negative electrode active material commonly used in lithium ion secondary batteries may be used without particular limitation, and typical examples thereof include crystalline carbon, Amorphous carbon or a combination thereof may be used.
- the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon). , hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
- Examples of the above metals or alloys of these metals and lithium include Cu, Ni, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, Ra, Ge, Al And a metal selected from the group consisting of Sn or an alloy of these metals and lithium may be used.
- metal composite oxide examples include PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , Bi 2 O 5 , Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) and Sn x Me 1-x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me': Al, B, P, Si, Groups 1, 2, and 3 elements of the periodic table, halogen; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8) One or more selected from may be used.
- Materials capable of doping and undoping the lithium include Si, SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), Si—Y alloy (wherein Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, It is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and combinations thereof, but not Si), Sn, SnO 2 , Sn—Y (Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, and a rare earth element). It is an element selected from the group consisting of elements and combinations thereof, but not Sn), and the like, and at least one of these and SiO 2 may be mixed and used.
- the element Y is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db (dubnium), Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh , Fe, Pb, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S , Se, Te, Po, and combinations thereof.
- transition metal oxide examples include lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO), vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide.
- the negative electrode active material may be included in an amount of 80% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative electrode slurry.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and may be typically added in an amount of 1% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative electrode slurry.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene , polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, or various copolymers thereof.
- the conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the negative electrode active material, and may be added in an amount of 0.5% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative electrode slurry.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and examples thereof include carbon black such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, or thermal black; graphite powders such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon nanotubes or graphite having a highly developed crystal structure; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers or metal fibers; conductive powders such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, or nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide or potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Alternatively, conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the solvent of the anode slurry is water; Alternatively, it may include an organic solvent such as NMP and alcohol, and may be used in an amount that provides a desired viscosity when the negative electrode active material, binder, and conductive material are included.
- the slurry including the negative electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive material may have a solid concentration of 30 wt% to 80 wt%, preferably 40 wt% to 70 wt%.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for the movement of lithium ions.
- it can be used without particular limitation. It is desirable that it is excellent and has excellent safety.
- a porous polymer film as a separator for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer. ;
- a laminated structure of two or more layers thereof may be used.
- conventional porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high-melting glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may be used in a single layer or multilayer structure.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention as described above is a mobile phone, a notebook computer, a portable device such as a digital camera; And it can be usefully used in the electric vehicle field, such as a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).
- HEV hybrid electric vehicle
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module or battery pack may include a power tool; electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); and a power storage system.
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs)
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the appearance of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be a cylindrical shape using a can, a prismatic shape, a pouch shape, or a coin shape.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention can be used not only as a battery cell used as a power source for a small device, but also can be preferably used as a unit cell in a medium or large battery module including a plurality of battery cells.
- LiPF 6 was dissolved to a concentration of 1.0 M to prepare a non-aqueous organic solution.
- a concentration of 1.0 M 0.5 wt% of the compound represented by Formula 1A (Cas No. 119827-21-3), 0.5 wt% of vinylene carbonate (VC), 0.5 wt% of 1,3-propanesultone (PS), and the remainder of the non-aqueous organic
- the solutions were mixed to prepare 100 wt% of a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Cathode active material LiNi 0.85 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.03 O 2 : conductive material (carbon nanotube): binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) in a weight ratio of 98.0 : 0.7 : 1.3, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as a solvent (NMP) to prepare a positive electrode mixture slurry (solid content: 76.5% by weight).
- the positive electrode mixture slurry was coated on one surface of a positive electrode current collector (Al thin film) having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, and dried and roll pressed to prepare a positive electrode.
- Anode active material artificial graphite: conductive material (carbon black): binder (styrene-butadiene rubber) was added to distilled water as a solvent in a weight ratio of 96.5: 1.5: 2.0 to prepare a negative electrode mixture slurry (solid content: 50% by weight).
- the negative electrode mixture slurry was coated on one surface of a negative electrode current collector (Cu thin film) having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m, and dried and roll pressed to prepare a negative electrode.
- a secondary battery was manufactured by interposing a polyethylene porous film separator between the prepared positive electrode and the negative electrode in a dry room, and then injecting the prepared non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound represented by Formula 1B (Cas No. 71387-23-0) was used instead of the compound represented by Formula 1A when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte. .
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that VC and PS were not added when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that LiCoO 2 was used instead of LiNi 0.85 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.03 O 2 as a positive electrode active material when manufacturing the positive electrode.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound represented by Formula 2A was used instead of the compound represented by Formula 1A (Cas No. 119827-21-3) when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte. did
- a non-aqueous electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery were prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the compound represented by Formula 2B was used instead of the compound represented by Formula 1B (Cas No. 71387-23-0) when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte. did
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1A was not added when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Coumarin was used instead of the compound represented by Formula 1A when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that VC and PS were not added when preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that LiCoO 2 was used instead of LiNi 0.85 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.03 O 2 as a positive electrode active material when manufacturing the positive electrode.
- the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were each subjected to a formation process at 25° C. at a rate of 0.2 C, and then the gas in the battery was removed through a degassing process. Constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging and 0.05C cut off charging were performed on the degassed lithium secondary battery at a temperature of 45°C to 4.2V at a 0.33C rate, and constant current (CC/CV) up to 2.5V at a 0.33C rate. ) discharged.
- CC/CV constant current/constant voltage
- the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were each subjected to a formation process at 25° C. at a rate of 0.2 C, and then the gas in the battery was removed through a degassing process. Thereafter, charging and 0.05C cut off charging were performed under constant current/constant voltage conditions up to 4.2V at a rate of 0.33C at room temperature (25°C), and discharge was performed at 0.33C and 2.5V.
- the discharge capacity measured at this time was described as the initial capacity in Table 1 below.
- the lithium secondary battery after storing the lithium secondary battery at 60°C for 4 weeks, it was transferred to a charger/discharger at room temperature (25°C), and then charged under constant current/constant voltage conditions up to 4.2V at a rate of 0.33C and charged at 0.05C cut off, followed by charging at 0.33C 2.5 discharged to V.
- the measured discharge capacity and retention rate compared to the initial capacity are shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 1 Experimental Example 2 additive Content (wt%) initial dose (mAh/g) Capacity after 200 cycles (mAh/g) Capacity retention rate (%) initial dose (mAh/g) Capacity after 4 weeks of high temperature (mAh/g) Capacity retention rate (%)
- Example 1 1A (+VC, PS) 0.5 (+1) NCMA 2,108.1 1,835.2 87.1 2,109.3 1,809.7 85.8
- Example 2 1B (+VC, PS) 0.5 (+1) NCMA 2,109.5 1,840.5 87.2 2,110.8 1,792.1 84.9
- Example 3 1A 0.5 NCMA 2,112.8 1,781.1 84.3 2,108.7 1,767.1 83.8
- Example 4 1A (+VC, PS) 0.5 (+1) LCO 2,083.9 1,787.9 85.8 2,091.5 1,725.5 82.5
- Example 5 2A (+VC, PS) 0.5 (+1) NCMA 2,104.6 1,824.7 86.7 2,107.6 1,772.4 84.1
- Example 6 2B (+VC, PS) 0.5 (+1) NCMA 2,102.9 1,816.
- the battery of Example 3 including the compound represented by Formula 1 has high-temperature lifespan characteristics and high-temperature storage It can be seen that the properties are better.
- Example 4 Even when the cathode material was changed to LCO, it was confirmed through comparison of the results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 that the high-temperature lifespan and high-temperature storage characteristics could be improved by including the compound represented by Formula 1 in the electrolyte. .
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Abstract
Description
전해액 | 양극재 | 실험예 1 | 실험예 2 | ||||||
첨가제 | 함량 (wt%) | 초기용량 (mAh/g) |
200 사이클 후 용량 (mAh/g) | 용량 유지율(%) | 초기용량 (mAh/g) |
고온 4주 후 용량 (mAh/g) | 용량 유지율(%) | ||
실시예 1 | 1A (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
NCMA | 2,108.1 | 1,835.2 | 87.1 | 2,109.3 | 1,809.7 | 85.8 |
실시예 2 | 1B (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
NCMA | 2,109.5 | 1,840.5 | 87.2 | 2,110.8 | 1,792.1 | 84.9 |
실시예 3 | 1A | 0.5 | NCMA | 2,112.8 | 1,781.1 | 84.3 | 2,108.7 | 1,767.1 | 83.8 |
실시예 4 | 1A (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
LCO | 2,083.9 | 1,787.9 | 85.8 | 2,091.5 | 1,725.5 | 82.5 |
실시예 5 | 2A (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
NCMA | 2,104.6 | 1,824.7 | 86.7 | 2,107.6 | 1,772.4 | 84.1 |
실시예 6 | 2B (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
NCMA | 2,102.9 | 1,816.9 | 86.4 | 2,110.3 | 1,770.5 | 83.9 |
비교예 1 | - (+VC, PS) |
- (+1) |
NCMA | 2,110.3 | 1,780.1 | 84.4 | 2,109.5 | 1,736.5 | 82.3 |
비교예 2 | 쿠마린 (+VC, PS) |
0.5 (+1) |
NCMA | 2,107.6 | 1,816.8 | 86.2 | 2,106.4 | 1,754.6 | 83.3 |
비교예 3 | - | - | NCMA | 2,090.1 | 1,730.6 | 82.8 | 2,101.5 | 1,725.3 | 82.1 |
비교예 4 | - (+VC, PS) |
- (+1) |
LCO | 2,071.6 | 1,738.0 | 83.9 | 2,089.4 | 1,704.9 | 81.6 |
Claims (12)
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1의 L은 -O- 또는 -COO-인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물의 함량은 상기 비수 전해액 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 5 중량%인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 화합물의 함량은 상기 비수 전해액 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 1 중량%인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,비닐렌 카보네이트, 비닐 에틸렌 카보네이트, 1,3-프로판 설톤, 에틸렌 설페이트, 리튬 다이플루오로 옥살레이토 보레이트 및 리튬 다이플루오로 포스페이트 중 선택된 1종 이상의 첨가제를 더 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 유기용매는 환형 카보네이트계 용매 및 선형 카보네이트계 용매의 혼합물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액.
- 양극 활물질을 포함하는 양극;음극 활물질을 포함하는 음극;상기 양극 및 음극 사이에 개재되는 분리막; 및청구항 1의 비수 전해액을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 청구항 10에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 하기 화학식 3으로 표시되는 리튬 복합 전이금속 산화물을 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지:[화학식 3]Li1+x(NiaCobMncMd)O2상기 화학식 3에서,M은 W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B 및 Mo 중 선택된 1종 이상이고,1+x, a, b, c 및 d는 각각 Li, Ni, Co, Mn 및 M의 원자분율로서,0≤x≤0.2, 0.50≤a<1, 0<b≤0.25, 0<c≤0.25, 0≤d≤0.1, a+b+c+d=1이다.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 화학식 3의 a, b, c 및 d는 각각 0.80≤a≤0.95, 0.025≤b≤0.15, 0.025≤c≤0.15, 0≤d≤0.05인 리튬 이차전지.
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EP22878743.8A EP4329040A1 (en) | 2021-10-05 | 2022-09-13 | Non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery comprising same |
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Citations (5)
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JP3680454B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-28 | 2005-08-10 | 株式会社デンソー | 非水電解質二次電池 |
CN102569889A (zh) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-11 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池非水电解液与锂离子电池 |
KR102103898B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-23 | 2020-04-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수전해액용 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 리튬 이차전지 |
KR20200092889A (ko) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20210060330A (ko) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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- 2022-09-13 JP JP2023573267A patent/JP2024520516A/ja active Pending
- 2022-09-13 CA CA3221221A patent/CA3221221A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-22 US US17/950,659 patent/US20230105288A1/en active Pending
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JP3680454B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-28 | 2005-08-10 | 株式会社デンソー | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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KR102103898B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-23 | 2020-04-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 비수전해액용 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 리튬 이차전지 |
KR20200092889A (ko) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR20210060330A (ko) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-26 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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"Cas", Database accession no. 71387-23-0 |
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