WO2023075379A1 - 비수 전해질용 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 비수 전해질 및 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
비수 전해질용 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 비수 전해질 및 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023075379A1 WO2023075379A1 PCT/KR2022/016384 KR2022016384W WO2023075379A1 WO 2023075379 A1 WO2023075379 A1 WO 2023075379A1 KR 2022016384 W KR2022016384 W KR 2022016384W WO 2023075379 A1 WO2023075379 A1 WO 2023075379A1
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- Prior art keywords
- aqueous electrolyte
- secondary battery
- formula
- lithium secondary
- additive
- Prior art date
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OEMGCAOEZNBNAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Li] Chemical compound [P].[Li] OEMGCAOEZNBNAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 32
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- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008326 Si-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006773 Si—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020997 Sn-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008859 Sn—Y Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Li] NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCCC1 VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCC1 SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021479 dubnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCC#N SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSIMAPNUZAVQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCC#N YSIMAPNUZAVQER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(Cl)=O RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(=O)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C QJMMCGKXBZVAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C VMZOBROUFBEGAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/62—Halogen-containing esters
- C07C69/65—Halogen-containing esters of unsaturated acids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/0042—Four or more solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte, a non-aqueous electrolyte containing the same, and a lithium secondary battery.
- Lithium-ion batteries not only have the highest theoretical energy density among electrical storage devices, but also can be miniaturized enough to be applied to personal IT devices, etc., and have a high operating voltage. It is also in the limelight as a power supply and electric vehicle power supply.
- the lithium ion battery is largely composed of a positive electrode composed of a transition metal oxide containing lithium, a negative electrode capable of storing lithium, an electrolyte and a separator serving as a lithium ion transfer medium, and in the case of a dual electrolyte, the stability of the battery safety), etc., and many studies are being conducted on this.
- the cathode active material is structurally collapsed due to decomposition products of lithium salts contained in the electrolyte, and thus the performance of the cathode may deteriorate.
- transition metal ions from the cathode surface can be eluted.
- the transition metal ions thus eluted are electro-deposited on the anode or cathode, increasing the anode resistance, deteriorating the cathode, and destroying the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), resulting in additional electrolyte decomposition and subsequent battery resistance. increase and life deterioration.
- SEI solid electrolyte interphase
- An object of the present invention is to provide an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte capable of forming a stable and low-resistance film on the surface of an electrode even at a high temperature.
- the present invention is intended to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery capable of improving low-temperature capacity characteristics and high-temperature durability by forming a solid film on the surface of an electrode by including the additive for the non-aqueous electrolyte, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. .
- an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a compound represented by Formula 1 below.
- n is an integer from 2 to 20;
- the present invention includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent and an additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte,
- the additive for the non-aqueous electrolyte provides a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery containing 9.0% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery including the non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 of the present invention contains a fluorine-substituted alkyl group with excellent oxidation resistance and flame retardancy as well as a propargyl group in its structure, so that a strong film containing fluorine can be formed on the surface of the electrode. Therefore, when it is included as an additive, it is possible to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte capable of forming an electrode-electrolyte interface with low resistance, high flame retardancy and high temperature durability. In addition, by including the non-aqueous electrolyte, battery output characteristics can be improved, heat generation and swelling caused by additional reactions between electrolytes can be reduced when exposed to high temperatures, and performance can be improved at low temperatures.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention can be particularly useful for high-output batteries used together with high-capacity active materials such as high-nickel-based cathode active materials.
- an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms refers to an alkylene group containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, that is, -CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH 2 (CH 3 )CH-, -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 - and -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 2 - and the like.
- alkylene group means a branched or unbranched divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
- the alkylene group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- the alkylene group may include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, an isopropylene group, a butylene group, an isobutylene group, a tert-butylene group, a pentylene group, a 3-pentylene group, and the like.
- substitution means that at least one hydrogen bonded to carbon is substituted with an element other than hydrogen, for example, with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or fluorine. means substituted.
- An additive for a non-aqueous electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a compound represented by Formula 1 below.
- n is an integer from 2 to 20;
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 is a triple bond (-C ⁇ C-) included in the molecular structure, that is, a propargyl group causes an electrochemical reaction during an electrochemical decomposition reaction, and a solid containing fluorine element on the surface of the negative electrode.
- An SEI film can be formed.
- an alkyl group substituted with fluorine element having excellent flame retardancy and incombustibility included in the molecular structure can form a passivation film capable of securing excellent oxidation resistance while serving as a radical scavenger caused by elemental fluorine on the surface of the anode. In this way, when a stable film is formed on the surface of the electrode, side reactions between the electrode and the electrolyte are controlled, thereby providing a lithium secondary battery with improved lifespan characteristics at room temperature and low temperature.
- the linking group between the acrylate functional group and the terminal fluorine-substituted alkyl group contains an ethylene group (-CH 2 -CH 2 -)
- structural flexibility is improved by increasing the molecular chain. Therefore, compared to other compounds in which a fluorine-substituted alkyl group is directly bonded to an acrylate functional group or a methylene group (-CH 2 -) is contained between an acrylate functional group and a terminal fluorine-substituted alkyl group, the coating is more durable on the negative electrode surface. A more improved film can be formed.
- the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 contains two oxygen elements in its molecular structure, and thus has improved oxidation stability compared to a compound containing three or more oxygen elements, thereby improving high voltage stability, and can improve electrolyte stability. durability can be improved.
- a chemical formula containing two oxygen elements in the molecular structure including a propargyl group, and an ethylene group (-CH 2 -CH 2 -) as a linking group between the acrylate functional group and the terminal fluorine-substituted alkyl group
- an electrode-electrolyte interface film having low resistance, high flame retardancy and high temperature durability, and flexible properties even at low temperatures can be formed. Therefore, it is possible to prepare a non-aqueous electrolyte capable of improving output characteristics and reducing an exothermic reaction due to an additional side reaction when exposed to high temperature conditions such as thermal abuse, and thus excellent storage at low and high temperatures.
- a lithium secondary battery capable of reducing battery swelling while having characteristics and cycle characteristics may be implemented.
- n may be an integer of 3 to 15, and specifically, n may be an integer of 4 to 10.
- n satisfies the above range
- the thermal properties of the compound itself can be improved, and the stability of the film formed therefrom can be expected.
- n 16 or more, especially when it exceeds 20, as the fluorine element is excessively contained, the viscosity and non-polarity of the material increase, so the solubility in the electrolyte decreases, so the ionic conductivity decreases. This can lead to poor battery performance.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may include at least one of the compounds represented by Formulas 1-1 to 1-3 below.
- non-aqueous electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an additive for non-aqueous electrolyte including the compound represented by Formula 1 above.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte may further include a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and other electrolyte additives.
- the additive for the non-aqueous electrolyte may be included in an amount of 9.0 wt % or less, specifically 0.1 wt % to 7.0 wt %, based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the film-forming effect is improved and a stable SEI film is formed even when stored at high temperature, thereby preventing an increase in resistance and a decrease in capacity even after storage at a high temperature, thereby preventing overall performance can improve
- the additive for the non-aqueous electrolyte is included in an amount of 7.0% by weight or less, it is possible to prevent an excessively thick film from being formed during initial charging while controlling the viscosity of the electrolyte so that the lithium salt can be easily dissolved, thereby preventing an increase in resistance. Deterioration of initial capacity and output characteristics of the secondary battery may be prevented.
- the additive for the nonaqueous electrolyte may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, more specifically, 0.5 wt% to 3 wt% based on the total weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte.
- lithium salt those commonly used in electrolytes for lithium secondary batteries may be used without limitation, for example, including Li + as a cation and F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , NO 3 - as an anion, N(CN) 2 - , BF 4 - , ClO 4 - , B 10 Cl 10 - , AlCl 4 - , AlO 4 - , PF 6 - , CF 3 SO 3 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , CF 3 CO 2 - , AsF 6 - , SbF 6 - , CH 3 SO 3 - , (CF 3 CF 2 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , BF 2 C 2 O 4 - , BC 4 O 8 - , PF 4 C 2 O 4 - , PF 2 C 4 O 8 - , (CF 3 ) 2
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiAlCl 4 , LiAlO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCH 3 CO 2 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , LiN(SO 2 F) 2 (Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, LiFSI), LiN(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 (lithium bis(pentafluoroethanesulfonyl) imide, LiBETI) and LiN( SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, LiTFSI) may include a single material or a mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiPF 6 , LiN(SO 2 F)
- the lithium salt may be appropriately changed within a commonly usable range, but is included in the electrolyte at a concentration of 0.8 M to 3.0 M, specifically 1.0 M to 3.0 M, in order to obtain an optimum effect of forming a film for preventing corrosion on the electrode surface.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is less than 0.8 M, the mobility of lithium ions is reduced, and thus capacity characteristics may be deteriorated. If the concentration of the lithium salt exceeds 3.0 M, the viscosity of the non-aqueous electrolyte may be excessively increased, and the impregnability of the electrolyte may be deteriorated, and the film-forming effect may be reduced.
- non-aqueous organic solvent various non-aqueous organic solvents commonly used in lithium electrolytes may be used without limitation. There is no limit to the type as long as it can exhibit the characteristics of
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may be a high-viscosity cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent that easily dissociates lithium salts in the electrolyte due to its high dielectric constant.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent is mixed with the environmental carbonate-based organic solvent at least one of a linear carbonate-based organic solvent and/or a linear ester-based organic solvent in an appropriate ratio.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent of the present invention in order to prepare an electrolyte having a high ion conductivity, comprises at least one of (i) a cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent and (ii) a linear carbonate organic solvent and a linear ester-based organic solvent. may be used by mixing in a volume ratio of 10:90 to 80:20, specifically 30:70 to 50:50.
- the cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent is a high-viscosity organic solvent that can well dissociate lithium salts in the electrolyte due to its high dielectric constant, and specific examples thereof include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), and 1,2-butylene carbonate , 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, 2,3-pentylene carbonate and at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonate, among which ethylene carbonate and It may include at least one of propylene carbonate.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- PC propylene carbonate
- 1,2-butylene carbonate 2,3-butylene carbonate
- 1,2-pentylene carbonate 1,2-pentylene carbonate
- 2,3-pentylene carbonate 1,2-pentylene carbonate
- the linear carbonate-based organic solvent is an organic solvent having a low viscosity and a low dielectric constant, and representative examples thereof include dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate, and ethylmethyl carbonate ( EMC), at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of methylpropyl carbonate and ethylpropyl carbonate may be used, and specifically, ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) may be included.
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- EMC ethylmethyl carbonate
- the linear ester-based organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate (EP), propyl propionate (PP) and butyl propionate as specific examples thereof.
- At least one organic solvent may be mentioned, and among them, at least one of ethyl propionate and propyl propionate may be included.
- the organic solvent of the present invention if necessary, contains at least one cyclic ester-based organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone and ⁇ -caprolactone.
- a solvent may be further included.
- non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention other components except for the organic solvent in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention, such as the additive for non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention, lithium salt, and other additives, all may be non-aqueous organic solvents unless otherwise specified.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention is used together with the additive to form a stable film on the surface of the negative electrode and the positive electrode without greatly increasing the initial resistance along with the effect of the additive, or in the nonaqueous electrolyte.
- Other additives capable of suppressing decomposition of the solvent and improving the mobility of lithium ions may be further included.
- additives are not particularly limited as long as they can form stable films on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.
- the other additives may include at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a cyclic carbonate-based compound, a halogen-substituted carbonate-based compound, a nitrile-based compound, a phosphate-based compound, a borate-based compound, and a lithium salt-based compound as representative examples thereof.
- the cyclic carbonate-based compound forms a stable SEI film mainly on the surface of the negative electrode during battery activation, thereby improving battery durability.
- the cyclic carbonate-based compound may include vinylene carbonate (VC) or vinylethylene carbonate, and may be included in an amount of 3% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- vinylethylene carbonate When the content of the cyclic carbonate-based compound in the nonaqueous electrolyte exceeds 3% by weight, cell swelling inhibition performance and initial resistance may be deteriorated.
- the halogen-substituted carbonate-based compound may include fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and may be included in an amount of 5% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- the nitrile-based compound is succinonitrile, adiponitrile (Adn), acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile, caprylonitrile, heptanenitrile, cyclopentane carbonitrile, cyclohexane carbonitrile, In the group consisting of 2-fluorobenzonitrile, 4-fluorobenzonitrile, difluorobenzonitrile, trifluorobenzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, 2-fluorophenylacetonitrile, and 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile and at least one selected compound.
- the nitrile-based compound may serve as a supplement to form an anode SEI film, suppress decomposition of a solvent in the electrolyte, and improve mobility of lithium ions.
- These nitrile-based compounds may be included in an amount of 8% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte. When the total content of the nitrile-based compound in the non-aqueous electrolyte exceeds 8% by weight, resistance increases due to an increase in the film formed on the surface of the electrode, and battery performance may deteriorate.
- phosphate-based compound stabilizes PF 6 anions in the electrolyte and helps to form positive and negative electrode films, durability of the battery can be improved.
- phosphate-based compounds include lithium difluoro(bisoxalato)phosphate (LiDFOP), LiPO 2 F 2 , tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate, tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite, tris(2,2,2-trifluoro) roethyl) phosphate and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of tris (trifluoroethyl) phosphite, and may be included in an amount of 3% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- LiDFOP lithium difluoro(bisoxalato)phosphate
- LiPO 2 F 2 LiPO 2 F 2
- tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite
- the borate-based compound promotes the separation of ion pairs of lithium salts, can improve the mobility of lithium ions, can reduce the interfacial resistance of the SEI film, and materials such as LiF, which are generated during battery reactions and are not well separated By dissociation, problems such as generation of hydrofluoric acid gas can be solved.
- a borate-based compound may include lithium bioxalylborate (LiBOB, LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 ), lithium oxalyldifluoroborate or tetramethyl trimethylsilylborate (TMSB), based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte It may be included in 3% by weight or less.
- the lithium salt-based compound is a compound different from the lithium salt included in the non-aqueous electrolyte, and may include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of LiODFB and LiBF 4 , and is 3% by weight or less based on the total weight of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the other additives may be used in combination of two or more, and may be included in an amount of 10 wt % or less, specifically 0.01 wt % to 10 wt %, and preferably 0.1 to 5.0 wt %, based on the total amount of the electrolyte.
- the content of the other additives is less than 0.01% by weight, the high-temperature storage characteristics and gas reduction effect to be realized from the additives are insignificant, and when the content of the other additives exceeds 10% by weight, side reactions in the electrolyte during charging and discharging of the battery are excessive there is a possibility that it will happen.
- the other additives are added in excess, they may not be sufficiently decomposed and may exist as unreacted or precipitated in the electrolyte at room temperature. Accordingly, resistance may increase, and life characteristics of the secondary battery may be deteriorated.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, wherein the non-aqueous electrolyte is the non-aqueous electrolyte according to the present invention. Since the non-aqueous electrolyte has been described above, a description thereof will be omitted, and other components will be described below.
- the cathode according to the present invention may include a cathode active material layer including a cathode active material, and if necessary, the cathode active material layer may further include a conductive material and/or a binder.
- M is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B or Mo; ,
- a, b, c and d are atomic fractions of independent elements
- a, b, c, and d may satisfy 0.60 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.95, 0.01 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.20, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.20, and 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.05, respectively.
- the lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide may be a lithium composite transition metal oxide having a nickel content of 55 atm% or more, preferably 60 atm% or more, among transition metals, and a representative example thereof is Li (Ni 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.2 Co 0.3 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 , It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Li(Ni 0.7 Mn 0.15 Co 0.15 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 )O 2 and Li(Ni 0.9 Co 0.06 Mn 0.03 Al 0.01 )O 2 .
- the cathode active material is a lithium-manganese-based oxide (eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 ) in addition to the lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-based oxide.
- a lithium-manganese-based oxide eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4
- lithium-cobalt-based oxide eg, LiCoO 2 , etc.
- lithium-nickel-based oxide eg, LiNiO 2 , etc.
- lithium-nickel-manganese-based oxide eg, LiNi 1 - Y Mn Y O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1), LiMn 2 - z Ni z O 4 (where 0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 2), etc.
- lithium-nickel-cobalt-based oxides eg, LiNi 1 - Y1 Co Y1 O 2 (here, 0 ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 1), etc.
- lithium-manganese-cobalt-based oxide eg, LiCo 1 - Y2 Mn Y2 O 2 (here, 0 ⁇ Y2 ⁇ 1), LiMn 2 - z1 Co z1 O 4 (where 0 ⁇ Z1 ⁇ 2), etc.
- M lithium-nickel-cobalt-transition metal
- the positive electrode active material may be included in an amount of 90% to 99% by weight, specifically 93% to 98% by weight, based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, or thermal black carbon powder graphite powder such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, or graphite having a highly developed crystal structure
- conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- Conductive powders such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder
- conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the conductive material is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- the binder is a component that serves to improve adhesion between the positive electrode active material particles and adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the positive electrode active material layer.
- binder examples include a fluororesin-based binder including polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); rubber-based binders including styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, and styrene-isoprene rubber; cellulosic binders including carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, and regenerated cellulose; A polyalcohol-based binder containing polyvinyl alcohol; polyolefin binders including polyethylene and polypropylene; polyimide-based binders; polyester binders; and silane-based binders.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- a polyalcohol-based binder containing polyvinyl alcohol
- the positive electrode of the present invention may be manufactured according to a positive electrode manufacturing method known in the art.
- a positive electrode active material layer is formed by applying a positive electrode slurry prepared by dissolving or dispersing a positive electrode active material, a binder, and/or a conductive material in a solvent on a positive electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling;
- it may be prepared by casting the positive electrode active material layer on a separate support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling the support on a positive electrode current collector.
- the cathode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has conductivity.
- the solvent may include an organic solvent such as NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), and may be used in an amount that provides a desired viscosity when the cathode active material and optionally a binder and a conductive material are included.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the active material slurry containing the cathode active material and, optionally, the binder and the conductive material may have a solid concentration of 10 wt% to 70 wt%, preferably 20 wt% to 60 wt%.
- the negative electrode according to the present invention includes a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material layer may further include a conductive material and/or a binder, if necessary.
- the anode active material includes lithium metal, a carbon material capable of reversibly intercalating/deintercalating lithium ions, a metal or an alloy of these metals and lithium, a metal composite oxide, a material capable of doping and undoping lithium,
- a transition metal oxide may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a transition metal oxide, and specifically, a carbon material capable of reversibly intercalating/deintercalating lithium metal, lithium ions, or the carbon material and lithium A mixture of silicon-based materials that can be doped and undoped may be used.
- any carbon-based negative electrode active material commonly used in lithium ion secondary batteries may be used without particular limitation, and typical examples thereof include crystalline carbon, Amorphous carbon or a combination thereof may be used.
- the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon). or hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
- Examples of the above metals or alloys of these metals and lithium include Cu, Ni, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, Ra, Ge, Al And a metal selected from the group consisting of Sn or an alloy of these metals and lithium may be used.
- metal composite oxide examples include PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , Bi 2 O 5 , Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), and Sn x Me 1 - x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe , Pb, Ge; Me': Al, B, P, Si, Groups 1, 2, and 3 elements of the periodic table, halogen; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8) Anything selected from the group may be used.
- Materials capable of doping and undoping the lithium include Si, SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), Si—Y alloy (wherein Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, It is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and combinations thereof, but not Si), Sn, SnO 2 , Sn—Y (Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, and a rare earth element). It is an element selected from the group consisting of elements and combinations thereof, but not Sn), and the like, and at least one of these and SiO 2 may be mixed and used.
- the element Y is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db (dubnium), Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh , Fe, Pb, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ti, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi , S, Se, Te, Po, and combinations thereof.
- transition metal oxide examples include lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO), vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide.
- the negative active material may be included in an amount of 80% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative active material layer.
- the conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the negative active material, and may be added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of solids in the negative active material layer.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and examples thereof include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; Conductive powders, such as fluorocarbon powder, aluminum powder, and nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the solid content in the negative electrode active material layer.
- binders include fluororesin-based binders including polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); rubber-based binders including styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, and styrene-isoprene rubber; cellulosic binders including carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, and regenerated cellulose; A polyalcohol-based binder containing polyvinyl alcohol; polyolefin binders including polyethylene and polypropylene; polyimide-based binders; polyester binders; and silane-based binders.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluor
- the negative electrode may be manufactured according to a negative electrode manufacturing method known in the art.
- the negative electrode is a method of forming a negative electrode active material layer by applying a negative electrode active material slurry prepared by dissolving or dispersing a negative electrode active material, optionally a binder and a conductive material in a solvent on a negative electrode current collector, and then rolling and drying the negative electrode active material layer. It may be manufactured by casting the negative electrode active material layer on a separate support and then laminating a film obtained by peeling the support on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative current collector generally has a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause chemical change in the battery and has high conductivity.
- it is made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, copper or stainless steel.
- a surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- fine irregularities may be formed on the surface to enhance the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material, and may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwoven fabrics.
- the solvent may include water or an organic solvent such as NMP or alcohol, and may be used in an amount that has a desired viscosity when the negative electrode active material and optionally a binder and a conductive material are included.
- the solid content of the active material slurry including the negative electrode active material and, optionally, the binder and the conductive material may be included to be 50 wt% to 75 wt%, preferably 50 wt% to 65 wt%.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ion movement.
- Any separator used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery can be used without particular limitation. It is desirable that this excellent
- a porous polymer film as a separator for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer.
- a laminated structure of two or more layers thereof may be used.
- conventional porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high melting point glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may be selectively used in a single layer or multilayer structure.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention as described above can be usefully used in portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided.
- the battery module or battery pack may include a power tool; electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Alternatively, it may be used as a power source for one or more medium or large-sized devices among power storage systems.
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs);
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the appearance of the lithium secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be a cylindrical shape using a can, a prismatic shape, a pouch shape, or a coin shape.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention can be used not only as a battery cell used as a power source for a small device, but also can be preferably used as a unit cell in a medium-large battery module including a plurality of battery cells.
- ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene propionate (EP) and propylene propionate (PP) were mixed in a 30:20:30:20 volume ratio in a non-aqueous organic solvent with 1.0 M of LiPF 6
- a nonaqueous electrolyte was prepared by adding 0.5% by weight of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 1 as an additive (see Table 1 below).
- Cathode active material LiCoO 2
- conductive material carbon black
- binder polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a slurry solids concentration 60% by weight
- the positive electrode active material slurry was applied to a positive electrode current collector (Al thin film) having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, dried, and then subjected to a roll press to prepare a positive electrode.
- An anode active material slurry (solid content concentration: 50% by weight) was prepared by adding a cathode active material (graphite), a conductive material (carbon black), and a binder (polyvinylidene fluoride) to distilled water in a weight ratio of 96:0.5:3.5.
- the negative electrode active material slurry was applied to a negative electrode current collector (Cu thin film) having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m, dried, and then rolled pressed to prepare a negative electrode.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by laminating the positive and negative electrodes prepared by the above method together with a porous polyethylene film as a separator, and then putting it into a battery case, injecting 5 mL of the prepared non-aqueous electrolyte, and sealing the pouch-type lithium secondary battery ( A cell capacity of 6.24 mAh) was prepared.
- Example 1 Except for preparing a non-aqueous electrolyte by adding the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-2 obtained in Synthesis Example 2 instead of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-1 as an additive (see Table 1 below), Example 1 and A pouch-type lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner.
- Example 1 Except for preparing a nonaqueous electrolyte by adding the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-3 obtained in Synthesis Example 3 instead of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1-1 as an additive (see Table 1 below), Example 1 and A pouch-type lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner.
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that LiPF 6 was dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent to a concentration of 1.0 M and a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared without using an additive (see Table 1 below). .
- Lithium secondary in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by adding a compound represented by Formula 3 (a 25) instead of a compound represented by Formula 1-1 (see Table 1 below). A battery was made.
- Example A lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in 1.
- Example A lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in 1.
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by adding the compound represented by Formula 4 instead of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 (see Table 1 below).
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by adding the compound represented by Formula 5 instead of the compound represented by Formula 1-1 (see Table 1 below).
- Example A lithium secondary battery was manufactured in the same manner as in 1.
- Example 1 non-aqueous organic solvent additive type Amount added (% by weight)
- Example 2 Formula 1-2
- Example 3 Formula 1-3
- Example 4 Formula 1-1 1.0
- Example 5 Formula 1-1 5.0
- Comparative Example 1 - - Comparative Example 2 Formula 3
- Comparative Example 3 Formula 1-1 0.05
- Comparative Example 4 Formula 1-1 8.0
- Formula 4 0.5 Comparative Example 6 Formula 5 0.5 Comparative Example 7 Formula 1-1 10.0
- the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were activated at 0.1 C CC. Subsequently, using a PESC05-0.5 charger and discharger (manufacturer: PNE Solution, 5V, 500 mA) at 25 ° C, it was charged with 0.33C CC up to 4.45 V under constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging conditions, then 0.05 C current cut was performed and discharged at 0.33 C up to 2.5 V under cc conditions. Three cycles were performed with the charging and discharging as one cycle, and the capacity of the third cycle was summarized as the initial capacity and is shown in Table 2 below.
- the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were activated at 0.1 C CC. Subsequently, using a PESC05-0.5 charger and discharger (manufacturer: PNE Solution, 5V, 500 mA) at 25 ° C, it was charged with 0.33C CC up to 4.45 V under constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging conditions, then 0.05 C current cut was performed and discharged at 0.33 C up to 2.5 V under cc conditions.
- PESC05-0.5 charger and discharger manufactured by PNE Solution, 5V, 500 mA
- the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and the lithium secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were activated at 0.1 C CC. Next, each lithium secondary battery was set to SOC 35%, stored in a -10 ° C chamber for 24 hours, and then discharged at 2.5 C current for 10 seconds. ) was calculated and the results are shown in Table 3 below.
- Example 1 172.2 80.4
- Example 2 169.9 81.5
- Example 3 171.0 80.0
- Example 4 170.4 79.3
- Example 5 172.2 78.7 Comparative Example 1 185.2 76.6 Comparative Example 2 197.4 71.2 Comparative Example 3 185.5 76.6 Comparative Example 4 193.0 65.4 Comparative Example 5 187.0 75.0 Comparative Example 6 172.0 80.2
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Abstract
Description
비수성 유기용매 | 첨가제 | ||
종류 | 첨가량 (중량%) | ||
실시예 1 | EC:PC:EP:PP =30:20:30:20 부피비 |
화학식 1-1 | 0.5 |
실시예 2 | 화학식 1-2 | 0.5 | |
실시예 3 | 화학식 1-3 | 0.5 | |
실시예 4 | 화학식 1-1 | 1.0 | |
실시예 5 | 화학식 1-1 | 5.0 | |
비교예 1 | - | - | |
비교예 2 | 화학식 3 | 0.5 | |
비교예 3 | 화학식 1-1 | 0.05 | |
비교예 4 | 화학식 1-1 | 8.0 | |
비교예 5 | 화학식 4 | 0.5 | |
비교예 6 | 화학식 5 | 0.5 | |
비교예 7 | 화학식 1-1 | 10.0 |
초기 저항 (SOC 50) (mOhm) |
초기 용량 (0.3 C / mAh) |
|
실시예 1 | 40.5 | 2023.0 |
실시예 2 | 40.3 | 2023.2 |
실시예 3 | 39.8 | 2025.1 |
실시예 4 | 41.1 | 2021.5 |
실시예 5 | 41.5 | 2019.0 |
비교예 1 | 42.0 | 2017.2 |
비교예 2 | 45.1 | 2008.8 |
비교예 3 | 41.9 | 2017.3 |
비교예 4 | 43.1 | 2011.4 |
비교예 5 | 42.0 | 2016.0 |
비교예 6 | 42.3 | 2014.3 |
저온 (-10℃) 저항 (SOC 35%) (mOhm) |
저온 (-10℃) 용량 (SOC 35%) (mAh) |
|
실시예 1 | 172.2 | 80.4 |
실시예 2 | 169.9 | 81.5 |
실시예 3 | 171.0 | 80.0 |
실시예 4 | 170.4 | 79.3 |
실시예 5 | 172.2 | 78.7 |
비교예 1 | 185.2 | 76.6 |
비교예 2 | 197.4 | 71.2 |
비교예 3 | 185.5 | 76.6 |
비교예 4 | 193.0 | 65.4 |
비교예 5 | 187.0 | 75.0 |
비교예 6 | 172.0 | 80.2 |
Claims (9)
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1에서, n은 3 내지 15의 정수인 것인 비수 전해질용 첨가제.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 화학식 1에서, n은 4 내지 10의 정수인 것인 비수 전해질용 첨가제.
- 리튬염, 유기용매 및 청구항 1의 비수 전해질용 첨가제를 포함하며,상기 비수 전해질용 첨가제는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질 전체 중량을 기준으로 9.0 중량% 이하로 포함되는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 비수 전해질용 첨가제는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 7.0 중량%로 포함되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 비수 전해질용 첨가제는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질 전체 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 5.0 중량%로 포함되는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질은 환형 카보네이트계 화합물, 할로겐 치환된 카보네이트계 화합물, 니트릴계 화합물, 포스페이트계 화합물, 보레이트계 화합물 및 리튬염계 화합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 기타 첨가제를 추가로 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질.
- 양극; 음극; 상기 음극 및 양극 사이에 개재되는 세퍼레이터; 및청구항 5의 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
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JP2023568392A JP2024517278A (ja) | 2021-10-26 | 2022-10-25 | 非水電解質用添加剤、それを含む非水電解質、およびリチウム二次電池 |
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