WO2023056718A1 - 固体燃料发动机 - Google Patents

固体燃料发动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023056718A1
WO2023056718A1 PCT/CN2022/000132 CN2022000132W WO2023056718A1 WO 2023056718 A1 WO2023056718 A1 WO 2023056718A1 CN 2022000132 W CN2022000132 W CN 2022000132W WO 2023056718 A1 WO2023056718 A1 WO 2023056718A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
valve
stator
rotor shaft
air pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/000132
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩丁
Original Assignee
韩丁
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 韩丁 filed Critical 韩丁
Publication of WO2023056718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023056718A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of engines, in particular to a solid fuel engine.
  • the engine is an indispensable mechanical device for obtaining power in our production and life.
  • the fields involved in the engine include power generation, transportation, industrial production, aerospace and many other places.
  • many types of engines have appeared, including piston internal combustion engines. , lubricating oil and other components.
  • the structure of the gas turbine is mainly composed of a multi-stage vane compressor, a turbine, and a casing.
  • the structure of the ramjet is mainly composed of a combustion chamber and a nozzle.
  • the structure principle of the steam turbine is similar to that of the gas turbine. Introduce the technical scheme " internal combustion engine "that realizes function identical with the utility model below. Disadvantages of internal combustion engines include complex and precise components, high manufacturing process, high cost, high maintenance cost, and high requirements for fuel quality.
  • this utility model is to propose a new solid fuel engine manufacturing scheme to solve the shortcomings proposed in the background technology.
  • the utility model adopts the following technical solutions;
  • a solid fuel engine is composed of a pneumatic engine, a transmission, an automatic stove and an air pump.
  • the scheme of the pneumatic engine is composed of three major components: the stator cylinder, the rotor piston and the valve assembly.
  • the stator cylinder is a cylindrical cylinder, which is composed of a round tube and two end covers, and a rectangular partition is fixed inside the tube. , the position of the partition is from the inner wall of the circular tube to the center radius of the circular tube, and from the other two sides to the end caps at both ends.
  • the rotor piston passes through the two ends of the shaft and the bearing to go out of the end covers of the stator cylinder and is installed in the stator cylinder.
  • the rotor piston is fixed by a rectangular piston plate on the rotor shaft.
  • a It has a skeleton and is fixed with the thickened part of the rotor shaft.
  • the rotor piston can rotate back and forth on both sides of the inner partition of the stator cylinder.
  • the gap seal is used between the piston plate and the inner wall of the stator cylinder, and the gap seal is used between the rotor shaft and the partition.
  • the valve assembly is provided with an air chamber at the two air ports on the outer wall of the stator cylinder.
  • the air chamber There is a partition inside the air chamber to divide the air chamber into two chambers that do not communicate with each other.
  • the two chambers correspond to the two rectangular air chambers on the outer wall of the stator cylinder.
  • the air inlet and exhaust port of the two chambers communicate with the rectangular air port on the outer wall of the corresponding stator cylinder.
  • the two chambers Each room is equipped with a back and forth movable rectangular valve plug.
  • the rectangular valve plug works by switching back and forth to block the air inlet and exhaust port.
  • the connecting rods on both sides are fixed on the same bearing and set as a whole
  • the rectangular valve plugs on both sides are inserted and fixedly connected through the small holes opened in the chambers on both sides through the connecting rods
  • the two rectangular valve plugs are fixed together through the connecting rods and the bearings on both sides Simultaneous movement, set the air chamber inlet on one side to open, the air chamber inlet on the other side to close, the air chamber exhaust port on one side to open, and the air chamber exhaust port on the other side to close, and vice versa.
  • the transmission part has two transmission forms, one is mechanical transmission, and the other is hydraulic transmission.
  • the mechanical transmission is composed of a steering conversion gear set and a mechanical transmission casing.
  • the steering conversion gear set is provided with a fixed gear and a one-way gear on the shaft 1 and the shaft 2 respectively, the one-way gears on the shaft 1 and the shaft 2 turn in opposite directions, and the one-way gear is driven by a one-way bearing and gears.
  • the two shafts are fixed and kept movable by the fixed parts and bearings, the fixed gear on the shaft 1 meshes with the one-way gear on the shaft 2, the one-way gear on the shaft 1 does not mesh with the fixed gear on the shaft 2, and the one-way gear on the shaft 1
  • the one-way gear and the fixed gear on the shaft 2 mesh with the same outer ring gear.
  • the outer ring gear is a component of the steering conversion gear set.
  • the other end of the outer ring gear and the power output shaft are set as a fixed body, and the outer ring gear
  • the shaft 1 and shaft 2, the fixed gear and the one-way gear are also installed and fixed in the mechanical transmission housing by using bearings, and the shaft 1 or shaft 2 passes through as a power input shaft.
  • the function realized by the mechanical transmission is that the power input shafts input power in different directions, and finally the power output shafts output power in the same direction.
  • the other hydraulic transmission is a hydraulic pump output power composed of a stator oil cylinder, a stator oil cylinder baffle plate, a rotor piston, two groups of oil inlet valves and oil discharge valves, and a power input shaft.
  • the stator oil cylinder is a cylinder
  • the The stator cylinder baffle is a rectangular baffle from the center of the cylinder to the wall of the cylinder.
  • the two groups of oil inlet valves and oil discharge valves are respectively arranged on the outer walls of the stator cylinder on both sides of the cylinder baffle.
  • the power input shaft uses bearings and
  • the oil seal is installed and fixed in the center of the oil cylinder and keeps moving.
  • the rotor piston is a rectangular movable plate, one end of which is fixed to the power input shaft, and the other three ends are close to the wall of the oil cylinder and kept moving, using gap seals.
  • the power input shafts of the above two transmissions are connected with the rotor shaft of the air motor to transmit power and are used together with the air motor according to different needs.
  • An air pump composed of an input shaft, the stator cylinder is a cylinder, the stator cylinder baffle is a rectangular baffle from the center of the cylinder to the wall of the cylinder, and the two groups of intake valves and exhaust valves are respectively arranged on the cylinder baffle
  • the power input shaft is installed and fixed in the center of the cylinder with bearings and air seals and kept moving.
  • the rotor piston is a rectangular movable plate, one end is fixed to the power input shaft, and the other three ends are tightly connected to the cylinder wall. Hold and keep moving, adopt gap seal, the above is the structural scheme of the air pump, the power input shaft of the air pump is connected with the rotor shaft of the air motor to transmit power to inflate.
  • automatic stove is made up of body of heater and blast system two parts.
  • the design structure of the furnace body is that there is a fuel tank on the top of the furnace body.
  • the fuel tank is used to store all the fuel used for combustion.
  • the bottom of the fuel tank is set as a funnel-shaped outlet for filling fuel into the combustion chamber.
  • a combustion chamber is arranged below the fuel tank, which is connected with the fuel tank and kept sealed.
  • the combustion chamber is equipped with a conical drain plate and a conical fuel tank, and there are many ventilation holes on the conical drain plate and the conical fuel tank, and there is a fuel filling port on the upper wall of the conical fuel tank, which is connected to the funnel-shaped discharge at the bottom of the fuel tank. port connection.
  • the purpose of the design of the conical drain plate, the conical fuel tank and the top funnel-shaped outlet is to make the fuel replenish automatically after burning, so as to realize uninterrupted filling without manual work.
  • An exhaust outlet is provided on the wall of the combustion chamber for exhausting combustion exhaust gas.
  • the bottom end of the conical drain pan of the combustion chamber is a furnace ash chamber for collecting furnace ash.
  • An air inlet is provided on one side of the wall of the furnace ash chamber, which is used by the blower to inflate the fuel to support the combustion of the fuel.
  • the inner wall of the furnace ash chamber passes through the conical leaking plate and the upper wall of the conical fuel tank to the combustion chamber.
  • a furnace ash chamber door cover is also provided outside the furnace ash chamber to seal the furnace ash chamber so that the gas does not leak out.
  • the blower system is a new type of exhaust gas turbocharger, which is composed of a small compressor, a large turbine, a connecting shaft and a gear transmission mechanism of the connecting shaft.
  • a small radius gear is installed on one end of the connecting shaft of the small compressor, and a small radius gear is installed on one end of the connecting shaft of the large turbine.
  • Large-radius gears are installed, and the small-radius gears at one end of the connecting shaft of the small compressor mesh with the large-radius gears at one end of the connecting shaft of the large turbine and are transmitted through the fixed support of the gear box.
  • the turbine is fixed by screw connection.
  • the design purpose of the new exhaust gas turbocharger is to make the compressor generate higher air pressure to meet the needs of the furnace body.
  • the large turbine inlet of the new exhaust gas turbocharger is connected to the exhaust port of the furnace body, and the exhaust port of the small compressor is connected to the inlet port of the furnace ash chamber to form a fully automatic stove.
  • the blades of the small compressor and the impeller of the large turbine can be composed of single stage or multiple stages.
  • the structure of the solid fuel engine composed of the air engine and the automatic stove is: the air inlet of the air engine is connected to the exhaust port of the stove, and the exhaust of the air engine is connected to a new turbocharger to drive the turbine to recycle the wasted combustion exhaust gas discharged from the air engine
  • the impact energy of the new turbocharger is divided into two streams, one of which flows to the air pump to be boosted again and enters the furnace combustion chamber through the furnace air inlet for combustion.
  • Another stream of air directly enters the combustion through the stove inlet, and its function is for the initial start of the solid fuel engine.
  • the new turbocharger compressor is closed and the air directly enters the stove.
  • an electric starter motor is installed to drive the new turbocharger to rotate and inflate when starting.
  • the structure of the air pump is that the air pump is composed of the air motor Driven by the air pump, the air initially compressed by the turbocharger of the automatic stove flows through the air pump again to be compressed and boosted to a high pressure, and then enters the automatic stove for combustion.
  • the rod and the main air valve are composed of several parts. Its structure is that the air inlet of the air engine is connected to the exhaust port of the automatic stove, and the high-pressure hot air that burns and expands is discharged from the automatic stove into the air engine to push the piston of the air engine to swing back and forth, and the piston rotor shaft of the air engine Part of the output power is connected to the air pump to drive the air pump to compress high-pressure and high-density air through the pipeline from the automatic stove inlet to burn and expand the fuel, and the piston rotor shaft of the air-driven engine rotates back and forth.
  • the other part of the output power is fixed and meshed by the rack and pinion assembly.
  • the reciprocating motion on the rotor shaft of the air engine drives the crank and connecting rod to rotate, and the power output is used to drive the equipment that needs power.
  • the high-speed impact exhaust gas discharged from the air engine is driven to the turbocharger to drive the air to be initially compressed and then input to the air pump for recompression.
  • a total air valve is installed at the air inlet of the air engine.
  • the total air valve toggle switch installed and fixed on the rotor shaft of the air-driven engine rotates synchronously with the rotor piston of the air-driven engine, and the lever of the total air valve is moved up and down to pull the total air valve cover to open or close.
  • There is a valve cover on the total air valve The small air valve is easy to open, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure hot air from the exhaust port of the automatic stove to the air intake port of the air motor is discharged one by one to maximize the expansion work, and at the same time reduce the gas leakage at the intake and exhaust valves of the air motor .
  • the structure of the above-mentioned pneumatic engine is composed of a stator cylinder, a rotor piston, and a valve assembly.
  • the position of the plate is from the inner wall of the round tube to the center radius of the round tube, and from the other two sides to the end caps at both ends.
  • An air vent is respectively opened on both sides of the position of the partition on the outer wall of the circular tube.
  • the rotor piston and the rotor shaft are supported by bearings at both ends of the stator cylinder and installed in the center of the end cover of the stator cylinder.
  • the rotor piston is fixed by a rectangular piston plate on the rotor shaft.
  • the rotor piston can swing back and forth on both sides of the partition in the stator cylinder.
  • the stator Both sides of the partition in the cylinder are filled with components to make the rotor piston swing to the smallest volume on both sides of the partition in the stator cylinder.
  • a balance assembly is installed on the rotor shaft outside the stator cylinder. Heavy, the gap seal is used between the piston plate and the inner wall of the stator cylinder, and the gap seal is used between the rotor shaft and the separator.
  • the valve assembly is provided with an air chamber at the two vents on the outer wall of the stator cylinder. There is a partition inside the air chamber to divide the air chamber into two chambers that do not communicate with each other. The two chambers correspond to the two vents on the outer wall of the stator cylinder. , the tops of the two chambers are respectively opened with two ventilating ports as air inlets and exhaust ports.
  • valve plug that moves back and forth.
  • the valve plug works by switching back and forth to block the intake port and the exhaust port.
  • the connecting rods are fixed on the same bearing and set as one body, and the valve plugs on both sides are inserted into the fixed connection through the small holes opened in the chambers on both sides through the connecting rod.
  • the air chamber inlet is opened, the air chamber inlet on the other side is closed, the air chamber exhaust port on one side is opened, and the air chamber exhaust port on the other side is closed, and vice versa.
  • the rocker provided on the rotor shaft rotates synchronously with the rotor shaft, and the two side valve blocking connecting rods are moved back and forth to switch the positions of the two side valve blockings.
  • the air flow enters from the combined port of the two intake ports of the valve assembly. Under the action of the valve block, the air flow only enters from the intake port on one side to push the rotor piston to rotate, and the exhaust port on the other side opens to exhaust.
  • the valve plug When the handle is fixed on the rotor shaft and turned to a certain position, the valve plug is moved and the connecting rod is rotated to switch the position of the valve plug between the air inlet and the exhaust port, so that the air inlet on the other side is opened, and the airflow flows from the air inlet on the other side. Enter to push the rotor piston to rotate, so the reciprocating motion works.
  • the air pump structure is an air pump composed of a stator cylinder, a stator cylinder baffle, a rotor piston, two sets of intake valves and exhaust valves, and a power input shaft.
  • the stator cylinder is a cylinder
  • the stator cylinder baffle is a cylinder.
  • the rectangular baffle from the center of the body to the wall of the cylinder, the filling components on both sides of the stator cylinder baffle form a minimum volume when it moves with the rotor piston, and the two groups of intake valves and exhaust valves are respectively arranged on the stators on both sides of the cylinder baffle
  • the power input shaft is installed and fixed in the center of the cylinder with bearings and air seals and kept moving.
  • the rotor piston is a rectangular movable plate, one end is fixed to the power input shaft, and the other three ends are close to the cylinder wall and kept moving. Gap seal is adopted, in order to offset the centrifugal force generated by the rotor piston swinging back and forth in the stator cylinder, a balance counterweight is installed on the rotor shaft outside the stator cylinder, the above is the air pump structure scheme, the air pump power input shaft is connected with the air motor rotor shaft.
  • the above-mentioned middle turbocharger is a prior art turbocharger, and the above-mentioned middle automatic stove structure is that the fuel tank is connected below the funnel-shaped fuel tank in a sealed combustion chamber, and an air inlet and an exhaust port are arranged outside the combustion chamber.
  • Fig. 1 is the utility model mechanical transmission structure schematic diagram
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic transmission structure of the utility model
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model pneumatic engine body
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model stove
  • Fig. 5 is the utility model new turbocharger structure
  • Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model air pump
  • Fig. 7 is the improved solid fuel engine of the present invention.
  • Hydraulic transmission rotor shaft bearing and oil seal 2 61.
  • Valve assembly shell 62.
  • the mechanical transmission is fixed by the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31 and the steering conversion gear set shaft 2 34 respectively through the steering conversion gear set shaft fixing part 35, and the steering conversion gear set shaft fixing part 35 is provided with two bearings respectively.
  • the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31 and the steering conversion gear set shaft 2 34 can rotate, and the other ends of the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31 and the steering conversion gear set shaft 2 34 are fixed with the mechanical transmission shell end cover 32 and installed with bearings to rotate, and the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31 stretches out the end cover 32 of the mechanical transmission housing as the power input shaft.
  • the one-way gear 1 41 and the fixed gear 1 42 are respectively fixed on the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31, the one-way gear 2 33 and the fixed gear 2 37 are respectively fixed on the steering conversion gear set shaft 2 34, the one-way gear 1 41 and the one-way gear To gear 2.
  • 33 is made up of one-way bearing and gear and turns to opposite.
  • the one-way gear 2 33 and the fixed gear 1 42 mesh with each other.
  • the fixed gear 2 37 and the one-way gear 1 41 are respectively meshed with the outer ring gear 36 of the steering conversion gear set.
  • the steering conversion gear set outer ring gear 36 is installed and fixed in the mechanical transmission housing 38 through the steering conversion gear set outer ring gear bearing 40 .
  • the mechanical transmission power output shaft 39 is integrated with the outer ring gear 36 of the steering conversion gear set and extends out of the mechanical transmission housing 38 .
  • the mechanical transmission housing end cover 32 is fixed to the mechanical transmission housing 38 by screws to package and fix the steering conversion gear set.
  • the steering conversion gear set shaft 1 31 is connected with the rotor shaft 69 .
  • the hydraulic transmission is installed and fixed in the hydraulic transmission stator housing 45 by the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft 43 through the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft bearing and oil seal 1 51 and the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft bearing and oil seal 2 52 .
  • the hydraulic transmission stator housing 45 is composed of a cylinder and an end cover on one side.
  • One end of the hydraulic transmission rotor piston 44 is fixed on the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft 43 , and the other three sides are close to the inner wall of the hydraulic transmission stator housing 45 and keep moving.
  • Described hydraulic transmission stator dividing plate 50 is fixed in the hydraulic transmission stator casing 45 and is close to and keeps movable with the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft 43.
  • the oil discharge valve 146 and the oil inlet valve 147 are arranged on the hydraulic transmission stator shell 45 on one side of the hydraulic transmission stator partition 50 .
  • the oil discharge valve 2 48 and the oil inlet valve 2 49 are arranged on the hydraulic transmission stator housing 45 on the other side of the hydraulic transmission stator partition 50 .
  • the hydraulic transmission rotor shaft 43 is connected to the rotor shaft 69 .
  • the pneumatic motor is composed of; the stator cylinder 66 is a cylindrical cylinder made up of a central circular tube and both sides of the circular end cap, and the inner wall of the stator cylinder 66 circular tubes is fixed with a rectangular stator cylinder partition to the central radius of the circular tube 75.
  • Axle 69 adopts gap seal between stator cylinder 66 and stator cylinder partition plate 75, and rotor piston plate 71 is installed in the cylinder, and rotor piston plate 71 is fixed with rotor shaft 69 on one side and adopts gap seal between other three sides and stator cylinder 66 inner walls.
  • the piston skeleton 1 72 and the piston skeleton 2 76 are fixed on the thickened part of the rotor piston plate 71 and the rotor shaft 69, the valve assembly casing 61 is fixed on the upper end of the left vent 65 and the right vent 74, and the valve assembly casing 61 uses a partition
  • the plate is evenly divided into two chambers corresponding to the left air port 65 and the right air port 74 respectively, and the two chambers of the valve assembly housing 61 are respectively opened with the left air inlet 62, the left air outlet and the left air outlet of the valve plug 63.
  • valve blocking connecting rod 1 73 respectively one end is fixed left exhaust port and the valve blocking of valve 63 and Right air inlet and the valve plug of valve plug 79, the other end is fixed on the same bearing and is installed on the rotor shaft 69 and can rotate, and the left valve plug connecting rod 1 64 and the right valve plug 2 78 respectively one end of the fixed left exhaust port and
  • the valve plug of valve plug 63 and the valve plug of right air inlet and valve plug 79, the other end is fixed on the same bearing and is installed on the rotor shaft 69 and can rotate, and drive switch 68 is installed on stator cylinder 66 one side end caps, drives The switch 68 is fixed on the rotor shaft 69 by the bearings on both sides of the rocker arm.
  • the middle of the rocker arm on both sides is connected with a spring damper fixed on the end cover of the stator cylinder 66.
  • a rotor shaft handle 70 is fixed on the rotor shaft 69 at one end of the drive switch 68 .
  • the left air outlet 63 and the right air outlet 77 are connected with the large turbine air inlet 120
  • the left air inlet 62 and the right air inlet 79 are connected with the furnace body air outlet 110 .
  • the furnace body is composed of the fuel tank cover 101 which is used for sealing on the fuel tank 102 mouth.
  • the fuel tank 102 is located at the top of the furnace body 111, and the bottom of the fuel tank 102 is a funnel-shaped discharge opening.
  • the combustion chamber 103 is arranged under the fuel tank 102 and is connected and sealed with the fuel tank 102 .
  • the conical fuel tank formed by the conical drain plate 108 and the conical fuel tank upper wall 109 is located in the combustion chamber 103, the top of the conical fuel tank is provided with a fuel filling port, and is connected to the funnel-shaped discharge at the bottom of the fuel tank 102. Mouth butt.
  • the upper wall 109 of the conical fuel tank and the conical drain plate 108 are provided with many ventilation holes for air circulation to support combustion and remove furnace ash.
  • the furnace body exhaust port 110 is arranged on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 103 for exhausting combustion exhaust gas.
  • the ash chamber 105 is arranged below the conical drain pan 108 and at the bottom end of the furnace body 111 for collecting ash.
  • the ash chamber door cover 106 is arranged on the ash chamber 105 to keep the sealing gas from leaking out when the ash chamber 105 is working.
  • the furnace body air inlet 107 is arranged on the furnace ash chamber 105, and is used for feeding air to support fuel combustion.
  • the air guide channel 104 communicates with the ash chamber 105 and the combustion chamber 103 so that part of the air enters the combustion chamber 103 to fully reburn the incompletely burned gas and fuel.
  • Small air compressor exhaust port 113 and exhaust valve 1. 146 and exhaust valve 2. 148 are connected with furnace body inlet 107.
  • the new exhaust gas turbocharger is composed of the small compressor 112 and the large turbine 119 connected by a connecting shaft transmission mechanism.
  • the small compressor connecting shaft 114 is fixed with the small compressor 112 as a whole, and a small compressor connecting shaft gear 115 is mounted on one end of the small compressor connecting shaft 114 .
  • the large turbine connecting shaft 118 is fixed as a whole with the large turbine 119 and a large turbine connecting shaft gear 116 is installed at one end of the large turbine connecting shaft 118 .
  • the radius of the small compressor connecting shaft gear 115 is smaller than the radius of the large turbine connecting shaft gear 116 .
  • the small compressor connecting shaft gear 115 and the large turbine connecting shaft gear 116 mesh with each other and are installed and fixed in the gear set transmission housing 117 .
  • the two ends of the gear set transmission housing 117 are connected and fixed with the small compressor 112 and the large turbine 119 respectively with screws.
  • the small compressor exhaust port 113 is connected with the furnace body air inlet 107
  • the large turbine air inlet 120 is connected with the furnace body exhaust port 110 .
  • the furnace body and the new exhaust gas turbocharger together form an automatic stove.
  • the blades of the small compressor 112 and the impeller of the large turbine 119 can be composed of a single stage or multiple stages.
  • the combustion chamber exhaust port 121 is also opened on the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber exhaust port 121 is connected to the air motor air inlet, and the effect is to allow part of the exhaust gas to promote the operation of the air motor. As shown in FIG.
  • the air pump is installed and fixed in the air pump stator housing 145 by the air pump rotor shaft 143 through the air pump rotor shaft bearing and air seal 1 151 and the air pump rotor shaft bearing and air seal 2 152 .
  • the air pump stator casing 145 is composed of a cylindrical tube and an end cover on one side. One end of the air pump rotor piston 144 is fixed on the air pump rotor shaft 143, and the other three sides are close to the inner wall of the air pump stator housing 145 and keep moving.
  • the air pump stator partition 150 is fixed in the air pump stator shell 145 and is close to the air pump rotor shaft 143 and keeps moving.
  • the exhaust valve 1 146 and the intake valve 1 147 are arranged on the air pump stator shell 145 on the side of the air pump stator partition 150 .
  • the exhaust valve 2 148 and the intake valve 2 149 are arranged on the air pump stator housing 145 on the other side of the air pump stator partition 150 .
  • the intake valve 1 147 and the intake valve 2 149 are connected with the exhaust port 113 of the small compressor.
  • the structure of the utility model air pump is that the air pump rotor shaft 143 is installed and fixed in the air pump stator housing 145 through the air pump rotor shaft bearing and air seal 1 151 and the air pump rotor shaft bearing and air seal 2 152.
  • the air pump stator casing 145 is composed of a cylindrical tube and an end cover on one side.
  • One end of the air pump rotor piston 144 is fixed on the air pump rotor shaft 143, and the other three sides are close to the inner wall of the air pump stator housing 145 and keep moving.
  • the air pump stator partition 150 is fixed in the air pump stator shell 145 and is close to the air pump rotor shaft 143 and keeps moving.
  • the exhaust valve 1 146 and the intake valve 1 147 are arranged on the air pump stator shell 145 on the side of the air pump stator partition 150 .
  • the exhaust valve 2 148 and the intake valve 2 149 are arranged on the air pump stator housing 145 on the other side of the air pump stator partition 150 .
  • the structure of the improved solid fuel engine of the utility model is that the automatic stove 7 outlets are connected with the main valve, the main valve is fixedly installed on the valve assembly of the pneumatic engine, and the main valve and the valve assembly are arranged in two rows Air port is connected, and total gas valve cover 8 is housed in the total gas valve, and total gas valve cover 8 opens and closes the high-temperature and high-pressure hot gas that automatic stove 7 leads to pneumatic engine 6, and total gas valve cover 8 is provided with small valve to be easy to open.
  • the main air valve lever link switch 9 is fixed on the main air valve, and one end is connected with the main air valve cover 8.
  • the other end is connected with a connecting rod, which is arranged outside, and the main air valve cover in the main air valve is driven by the connecting rod outside the lever main air valve. 8 on and off.
  • the total air valve toggle switch 5 is installed and fixed on the air motor 6 rotor shaft and rotates together with the rotor shaft to toggle the total air valve lever link switch 9 to open and close the total air valve cover 8 .
  • the 6 rotor shafts of the pneumatic motor are connected to the 2 rotor shafts of the air pump to drive the pumping.
  • the air inlet of the air pump 2 is connected to the air outlet of the turbocharger 1 compressor, the exhaust port of the air pump 2 is connected to the air inlet of the automatic stove 7, and the exhaust gas inlet of the turbocharger 1 is connected to the exhaust of the air engine 6
  • the mouth is connected.
  • the structure of the pneumatic motor 6 is that the pneumatic motor shown in Figure 3 above has been improved. The improvement has removed the drive switch 68, and the rotor shaft handle 70 directly moves the valve plug connecting rod to switch the position of the intake and exhaust valve plugs. On the rotor shaft 69 outside the stator cylinder 66, balance breeding is added to be used for the centrifugal force of the balance rotor piston.
  • the structure of the air pump 2 is that the air pump shown in Figure 6 above has been improved, and the improvement is to install a balance seed on the air pump rotor shaft 143 outside the air pump stator shell 145 to balance the centrifugal force of the rotor piston.
  • Filling components on both sides of the air pump stator cylinder partition 150 make the minimum volume between the air pump rotor piston plate 144 and the air pump stator cylinder partition 150 .

Abstract

本实用新型公开了固体燃料发动机，其属于发动机技术领域。本实用新型所要解决的问题是设计一种比现有技术内燃机结构更为简单，制造成本更低的固体燃料发动机。技术方案是由定子气缸、转子活塞、气门总成、自动火炉、新型涡轮增压器、打气泵、机械传动或液力传动组成的固体燃料发动机，其结构和工作原理是自动火炉带动新型涡轮增压器给火炉打气，使空气和燃料燃烧加热膨胀排出推动由定子气缸、转子活塞、气门总成组成的气动机做功，打气泵由气动机带动用于增压空气提高压缩比提高热效率，本实用新型主要用途是提供给各种车辆、船类、飞机等所需动力的发动机。

Description

固体燃料发动机 技术领域
本实用新型涉及发动机领域，特别涉及一种固体燃料发动机。
背景技术
发动机是我们生产、生活当中必不可少的一种获取动力的机械装置。发动机涉及的领域有发电、交通运输、工业生产、航天等很多地方，根据不同的需要和制造方式出现了许多种类的发动机，有活塞式内燃机，其结构主要是由活塞、气缸、曲轴、机体壳、润滑油等组成。燃气轮机其结构主要是由多级叶片式压气机和涡轮机、机壳组成。冲压发动机其结构主要由燃烧室和喷管组成。汽轮机结构原理和燃气轮机相似。下面介绍与本实用新型实现功能相同的技术方案“内燃机”。内燃机缺点有，零部件复杂精密繁多，制造工艺高、成本高，维修保养成本高，对燃料品质要求高。
实用新型内容
本实用新型目的是提出一种新的固体燃料发动机制造方案，以解决背景技术中提出的缺点。为实现上述目的本实用新型采用以下技术方案；
一种固体燃料发动机是由气动发动机、传动、自动火炉、打气泵部分组成。气动发动机的方案是由定子气缸、转子活塞、气门总成这三大部件组成，其结构是定子气缸是一个圆柱体气缸，由一截圆管和两边端盖组成，圆管内固定有一矩形隔板，隔板位置是从圆管内壁到圆管中心半径，另外两边到两端端盖。在圆管外壁隔板位置的两侧各开有一矩形通气口，两端端盖中心都有穿轴和轴承的孔位。转子活塞通过轴和轴承两端穿出定子气缸两端端盖安装在定子气缸内，转子活塞是由转子轴上固定有一矩形活塞板，为了活塞板与转子轴固定更牢固，在活塞板上设有骨架并与转子轴加粗部固定，转子活塞可以在定子气缸内隔板两侧来回转动，活塞板与定子气缸内壁间采用间隙密封，转子轴与隔板间采用间隙密封。气门总成是由定子气缸外壁两个通气口处设有一个气室，气室内部有一隔板把气室平分成两个腔室不互通，两个腔室分别对应定子气缸外壁两个矩形通气口，两个腔室顶部各自都开有两个矩形通气口作为进气口和排气口，两个腔室的进气口和排气口与对应定子气缸外壁矩形通气口互通，两个腔室内各自设有一块来回活动矩形气门堵，矩形气门堵通过来回切换封堵进气口和排气口工作，两个矩形气门堵两端分别通过连杆和轴承固定在两端端盖转子轴上可以来回活动，两边连杆都固定在同一轴承设为一体，两边矩形气门堵通过连杆从两边腔室开有小孔插入固定连接，两个矩形气门堵通过连杆和两边轴承固定为一体一起同时活动，设置为一边的气室进气口打开，另一边的气室进气口关闭，一边的气室排气口打开，另一边的气室排气口关闭，反之亦然。在定子气缸两端端盖都设有一个驱动开关，用来驱动两边连杆轴承快速切换两个矩形气门堵在进气口和排气口的位置，两边驱动开关通过两边转子轴上设有的摇把来回转动驱动开启，驱动开关是由两边摇臂固定在同一轴承并且轴承安装在转子轴上可以转动，驱动开关两边摇臂岔开的角度大于两边连杆岔开的角度。驱动开关到端盖上连接有弹簧阻尼，作用是使得驱动开关总是倒向两边拨动和压紧气门堵连杆。以上是第一种方案全部内容，其工作原理是气流从气门总成两个进气口合并口进入，在气门堵和驱动开关作用下，气流只从 一侧进气口进入推动转子活塞转动，另一侧的排气口打开排气，等到转子轴上固定摇把转到一定位置时拨动驱动开关倒向另一边并驱动气门堵连杆转动切换气门堵在进气口和排气口位置转换，从而使得另一侧进气口打开，气流从另一侧进气口进入推动转子活塞转动，如此往复运动工作。所述传动部分有两种传动形式，一种是机械传动，另一种是液力传动。所述机械传动是由转向转换齿轮组、机械传动外壳组成。所述转向转换齿轮组是由轴①和轴②上分别都设有一个固定齿轮和一个单向齿轮，所述轴①和轴②上的单向齿轮转向相反，并且单向齿轮由单向轴承和齿轮组成。两根轴通过固定件和轴承固定并保持活动，轴①上的固定齿轮和轴②上的单向齿轮啮合，轴①上的单向齿轮不与轴②上的固定齿轮啮合，并且轴①上的单向齿轮和轴②上的固定齿轮与同一个外齿圈啮合，所述外齿圈为转向转换齿轮组组成部分，外齿圈另一端与动力输出轴设为固定一体，并且外齿圈通过使用轴承固定安装在机械传动外壳内，所述轴①和轴②以及固定齿轮和单向齿轮也安装固定在机械传动外壳内，并且以轴①或轴②穿出作为动力输入轴。所述机械传动实现的功能是，动力输入轴以正反不同转向输入动力，最终动力输出轴都以同一转向转动输出动力。所述另一种液力传动是由定子油缸、定子油缸挡板、转子活塞、两组进油阀排油阀，动力输入轴组成的液压泵输出动力，所述定子油缸为圆柱体，所述定子油缸挡板为圆柱体中心到圆柱体筒壁的矩形挡板，所述两组进油阀排油阀分别设在油缸挡板两侧的定子油缸外壁上，所述动力输入轴使用轴承和油封安装固定在油缸中心并保持活动，所述转子活塞为矩形活动板，一端与动力输入轴固定，其他三端与油缸壁紧挨并保持活动，采用间隙密封。以上两种传动的动力输入轴与气动发动机转子轴连接传输动力根据不同的需要与气动发动机配套使用。通过上述液力传动的结构和原理经过改造可以做成一种打气泵结合气动发动机使用，所述打气泵是由定子气缸、定子气缸挡板、转子活塞、两组进气阀排气阀，动力输入轴组成的打气泵，所述定子气缸为圆柱体，所述定子气缸挡板为圆柱体中心到圆柱体筒壁的矩形挡板，所述两组进气阀排气阀分别设在气缸挡板两侧的定子气缸外壁上，所述动力输入轴使用轴承和气封安装固定在气缸中心并保持活动，所述转子活塞为矩形活动板，一端与动力输入轴固定，其他三端与气缸壁紧挨并保持活动，采用间隙密封，以上是打气泵结构方案，打气泵动力输入轴与气动发动机转子轴连接传输动力打气。
上述气动发动机和设计一种自动火炉组合组成固体燃料发动机，其工作原理是冷空气进入自动火炉与燃料燃烧，然后冷空气吸收热量变为热空气膨胀排出对外做功。下面阐述所述自动火炉，自动火炉是由炉体和鼓风系统两部分组成。炉体设计结构为炉体的顶部设有燃料箱，燃料箱是用来储存燃烧所用的全部燃料，燃料箱顶部有储存燃料的燃料口，燃料口上设有燃料箱盖并保证燃料箱内高压密封，燃料箱底端设为漏斗形出料口，用于往燃烧室加注燃料。燃料箱下面设有燃烧室，与燃料箱连接并保持密封。燃烧室内设有锥形漏盘和锥形燃料槽，锥形漏盘和锥形燃料槽上设有许多通气孔，锥形燃料槽上壁留有燃料加注口并与燃料箱底漏斗形出料口连接。锥形漏盘、锥形燃料槽和顶部漏斗形出料口设计目的是使燃料燃烧完自动补充，实现不用人工不间断填料。燃烧室壁上设有排气出口用于排出燃烧废气。燃烧室的锥形漏盘底端是炉灰室，用于收集炉灰。炉灰室壁一侧设有进气口，用于鼓风机给打气支持燃料燃烧。炉灰室内壁经过锥形漏盘和锥形燃料槽上壁到燃烧室设有夹层导气通道，使部分新鲜空气未经燃烧直接进入燃烧室，用于给燃烧室输送空气使燃烧室未完全燃烧的碳氧化 物和氮氧化物等有毒气体和燃料小颗粒充分再燃烧。炉灰室外还设有炉灰室门盖用于密封炉灰室使气体不外泄。所述鼓风系统是一个新型的废气涡轮增压器，由小型压气机、大型涡轮机、连接轴以及连接轴齿轮传动机构组成，小型压气机连接轴一端安装有小半径齿轮，大型涡轮机连接轴一端安装有大半径齿轮，小型压气机连接轴一端的小半径齿轮与大型涡轮机连接轴一端的大半径齿轮相互啮合并通过齿轮组箱固定支撑进行传动，齿轮组箱分别与两端小型机压气和大型涡轮机通过螺钉连接固定。本新型的废气涡轮增压器设计目的是使压气机工作时产生更高气压以满足炉体需要。新型的废气涡轮增压器的大型涡轮机进气口与炉体排气口连接，小型压气机的排气口与炉体炉灰室的进气口连接组成全自动火炉。所述小型压气机的叶片和大型涡轮机叶轮可由单级也可由多级构成。气动发动机和自动火炉组合组成固体燃料发动机的结构是；气动发动机的进气口与火炉排气口连接，气动发动机排气接入新型涡轮增压器推动涡轮回收浪费掉的气动发动机排出的燃烧废气的冲击能量，新型涡轮增压器的压气机排气分为两股，一股流到打气泵再次增压通过火炉进气口进入火炉燃烧室燃烧。另一股空气直接通过火炉进气口进入燃烧其作用是用于固体燃料发动机初启动，启动后关闭新型涡轮增压器压气机直接进入火炉的空气。为了固体燃料发动机启动方便，安装电动启动马达在启动时带动新型涡轮增压器转动打气。为了使上述气动发动机和自动火炉组成的发动机热效率更高，再加入上述中所提到的打气泵来提高进气压力的增压比从而提高热效率，打气泵装入的结构是打气泵由气动发动机带动，打气泵将自动火炉的涡轮增压器初步压缩打入的空气再次流经打气泵压缩增压达到高压打入自动火炉燃烧。
经以上固体燃料发动机改进又可以得到新的方案，方案如下；新的固体燃料发动机是由摆动活塞式气动发动机、摆动活塞式打气泵、涡轮增压器、自动火炉、齿轮齿条组件和曲柄连杆、总气阀几部分组成，其结构是气动发动机进气口接通自动火炉排气口，燃烧膨胀的高压热空气从自动火炉排出进入气动发动机推动气动发动机活塞来回摆动，气动发动机活塞转子轴输出的动力一部分连接打气泵驱动打气泵压缩高压高密度空气经管道从自动火炉进气口进入与燃料燃烧膨胀，气动发动机活塞转子轴来回转动输出的另一部分动力通过齿轮齿条组件固定和啮合在气动发动机转子轴上往复运动驱动曲柄连杆转动把动力输出用于驱动需要动力的设备，气动发动机排出的高速冲击废气通往涡轮增压器驱动把空气初步压缩后输入打气泵再次压缩。为了使气动发动机更高效得把高温高压的热空气转换为动力同时也为了使气动发动机进排气门更严密高效的工作，在气动发动机进气口处加装一个总气阀，其工作原理是通过安装固定在气动发动机转子轴上的总气阀拨动开关跟随气动发动机转子活塞同步转动拨动总气阀杠杆连杆开关上下活动拉动总气阀盖打开或关闭，总气阀盖上设有小气阀便于打开，使的从自动火炉排气口通往气动发动机进气口的高温高压热空气一份一份的排出最大限度的膨胀做功，同时也减少气动发动机进排气门处的气体泄漏。上述中气动发动机的结构是由定子气缸、转子活塞、气门总成组成，其结构是定子气缸是一个圆柱体气缸，由一截圆管和两边端盖组成，圆管内固定有一矩形隔板，隔板位置是从圆管内壁到圆管中心半径，另外两边到两端端盖。在圆管外壁隔板位置的两侧各开有一通气口。转子活塞和转子轴通过轴承支撑在俩端定子气缸端盖中心安装在定子气缸内，转子活塞是由转子轴上固定有一矩形活塞板，转子活塞可以在定子气缸内隔板两侧来回摆动，定子气缸内隔板两侧填充有组件使转子活塞摆动到定子气缸内隔板两侧容积最小，为了使转子活塞在定子气缸内来回摆动产生的离心力 抵消在定子气缸外的转子轴上装配有平衡配重，活塞板与定子气缸内壁间采用间隙密封，转子轴与隔板间采用间隙密封。气门总成是由定子气缸外壁两个通气口处设有一个气室，气室内部有一隔板把气室平分成两个腔室不互通，两个腔室分别对应定子气缸外壁两个通气口，两个腔室顶部各自都开有两个通气口作为进气口和排气口，两个腔室的进气口和排气口与对应定子气缸外壁通气口互通，两个腔室内各自设有一块来回活动的气门堵，气门堵通过来回切换封堵进气口和排气口工作，两个气门堵两端分别通过连杆和轴承固定在两端端盖转子轴上可以来回活动，两边连杆都固定在同一轴承设为一体，两边气门堵通过连杆从两边腔室开有小孔插入固定连接，两个气门堵通过连杆和两边轴承固定为一体一起同时活动，设置为一边的气室进气口打开，另一边的气室进气口关闭，一边的气室排气口打开，另一边的气室排气口关闭，反之亦然。转子轴上设有的摇把跟随转子轴同步转动，来回拨动俩边气门堵连杆切换俩边气门堵的位置。其工作原理是气流从气门总成两个进气口合并口进入，在气门堵作用下，气流只从一侧进气口进入推动转子活塞转动，另一侧的排气口打开排气，等到转子轴上固定摇把转到一定位置时拨动气门堵连杆转动切换气门堵在进气口和排气口位置转换，从而使得另一侧进气口打开，气流从另一侧进气口进入推动转子活塞转动，如此往复运动工作。上述打气泵结构是由定子气缸、定子气缸挡板、转子活塞、两组进气阀排气阀，动力输入轴组成的打气泵，所述定子气缸为圆柱体，所述定子气缸挡板为圆柱体中心到圆柱体筒壁的矩形挡板，定子气缸挡板俩侧填充组件使得与转子活塞活动时形成最小容积，所述两组进气阀排气阀分别设在气缸挡板两侧的定子气缸外壁上，所述动力输入轴使用轴承和气封安装固定在气缸中心并保持活动，所述转子活塞为矩形活动板，一端与动力输入轴固定，其他三端与气缸壁紧挨并保持活动，采用间隙密封，为了使转子活塞在定子气缸内来回摆动产生的离心力抵消在定子气缸外的转子轴上装配有平衡配重，以上是打气泵结构方案，打气泵动力输入轴与气动发动机转子轴连接传输动力打气，上述中涡轮增压器是现有技术涡轮增压器，上述中自动火炉结构是漏斗形燃料箱下面联接燃料槽在密封的燃烧室内，燃烧室外有进气口和排气口。
本实用新型的有益效果是：
制造本实用新型固体燃料发动机，由于零部件结构简单易造，种类不是那么繁多，可以大大降低制造成本，发动机故障少寿命长。可使用煤炭、木头等多种廉价燃料。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型机械传动结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型液力传动结构示意；
图3为本实用新型气动发动机本体结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型火炉结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型新型涡轮增压器结构；
图6为本实用新型打气泵结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型改进型固体燃料发动机。
图中：31、转向转换齿轮组轴①，32、机械传动外壳端盖，33、单向齿轮②，34、转向转换齿轮组轴②，35、转向转换齿轮组轴固定件，36、转向转换齿轮组外齿圈，37、固定齿轮②，38、机械传动外壳，39、机械传动动力输出轴，40、转向转换齿轮组外齿圈轴承，41、 单向齿轮①，42、固定齿轮①，43、液力传动转子轴，44、液力传动转子活塞，45、液力传动定子外壳，46、排油阀①，47、进油阀①，48、排油阀②，49、进油阀②，50、液力传动定子隔板，51、液力传动转子轴轴承和油封①，52、液力传动转子轴轴承和油封②，61、气门总成外壳，62、左进气口，63、左排气口和气门堵，64、左气门堵连杆①，65、左通气口，66、定子气缸，67、左气门堵连杆②，68、驱动开关，69、转子轴，70、转子轴摇把，71、转子活塞板，72、活塞骨架①，73、右气门堵连杆①，74、右通气口，75、定子气缸隔板，76、活塞骨架②，77、右排气口，78、右气门堵连杆②，79、右进气口和气门堵，101、燃料箱盖，102、燃料箱，103、燃烧室，104、导气通道，105、炉灰室，106、炉灰室门盖，107、炉体进气口，108、锥形漏盘，109、锥形燃料槽上壁，110、炉体排气口，111、炉体，112、小型压气机，113、小型压气机排气口，114、小型压气机连接轴，115、小型压气机连接轴齿轮，116、大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮，117、齿轮组传动壳，118、大型涡轮机连接轴，119、大型涡轮机，120、大型涡轮机进气口，143、打气泵转子轴，144、打气泵转子活塞，145、打气泵定子外壳，146、排气阀①，147、进气阀①，148、排气阀②，149、进气阀②，150、打气泵定子隔板，151、打气泵转子轴轴承和气封①，152、打气泵转子轴轴承和气封②，1、涡轮增压器，2、打气泵，3、齿轮齿条组件，4、曲柄连杆，5、总气阀拨动开关，6、气动发动机，7、自动火炉，8、总气阀盖，9、总气阀杠杆连杆开关。
具体实施方式
下面结合本实用新型实例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请参阅图1-6，本实用新型提供一种固体燃料发动机技术方案：
如图1所示，机械传动是由转向转换齿轮组轴①31和转向转换齿轮组轴②34分别通过转向转换齿轮组轴固定件35固定，转向转换齿轮组轴固定件35设有两个轴承分别使转向转换齿轮组轴①31和转向转换齿轮组轴②34能够转动，转向转换齿轮组轴①31和转向转换齿轮组轴②34另一端与机械传动外壳端盖32固定并安装轴承能够转动，转向转换齿轮组轴①31伸出机械传动外壳端盖32作为动力输入轴。所述单向齿轮①41和固定齿轮①42分别固定在转向转换齿轮组轴①31上，所述单向齿轮②33和固定齿轮②37分别固定在转向转换齿轮组轴②34上，所述单向齿轮①41和单向齿轮②33是由单向轴承和齿轮组成并且转向相反。所述单向齿轮②33和固定齿轮①42相互啮合。所述固定齿轮②37和单向齿轮①41分别与转向转换齿轮组外齿圈36相互啮合。所述转向转换齿轮组外齿圈36通过转向转换齿轮组外齿圈轴承40安装固定在机械传动外壳38内。所述机械传动动力输出轴39与转向转换齿轮组外齿圈36设为一体并且伸出机械传动外壳38。机械传动外壳端盖32通过螺钉与机械传动外壳38固定把转向转换齿轮组封装固定。转向转换齿轮组轴①31与转子轴69连接。
如图2所示，液力传动是由所述液力传动转子轴43通过液力传动转子轴轴承和油封①51和液力传动转子轴轴承和油封②52安装固定在液力传动定子外壳45内。所述液力传动定子外壳45是由圆柱筒和一边端盖组成。所述液力传动转子活塞44一端固定在液力传动转子轴43上，其他三边与液力传动定子外壳45内壁紧挨并保持活动。所述液力传动定子隔板50固 定在液力传动定子外壳45内并与液力传动转子轴43紧挨且保持活动。所述排油阀①46和进油阀①47设在液力传动定子隔板50一侧的液力传动定子外壳45上。所述排油阀②48和进油阀②49设在液力传动定子隔板50另一侧的液力传动定子外壳45上。液力传动转子轴43与转子轴69连接。
如图3所示，气动发动机是由；定子气缸66是一个由中间圆管和两边圆形端盖组成的圆柱体气缸，定子气缸66圆管内壁到圆管中心半径固定有矩形定子气缸隔板75，定子气缸66圆管壁处定子气缸隔板75两侧各开有左通气口65和右通气口74，定子气缸66两边圆形端盖中心开有孔位安装转子轴69以及轴承，转子轴69在定子气缸66内与定子气缸隔板75间采用间隙密封，转子活塞板71安装在气缸内，转子活塞板71一边与转子轴69固定其它三边与定子气缸66内壁间采用间隙密封可以活动，活塞骨架①72和活塞骨架②76固定在转子活塞板71与转子轴69的加粗部，气门总成外壳61固定在左通气口65和右通气口74上端，气门总成外壳61内用隔板平均分成两个腔室分别对应左通气口65和右通气口74，气门总成外壳61两个腔室分别各开有左进气口62与左排气口和气门堵63的左排气口和右排气口77与右进气口和气门堵79的右进气口，左气门堵连杆②67和右气门堵连杆①73分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵63的气门堵和右进气口和气门堵79的气门堵，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴69上可以转动，左气门堵连杆①64和右气门堵连杆②78分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵63的气门堵和右进气口和气门堵79的气门堵，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴69上可以转动，在定子气缸66一边端盖安装有驱动开关68，驱动开关68是由轴承固定两边摇臂在转子轴69上，两边摇臂中间连接有固定在定子气缸66端盖上的弹簧阻尼，在驱动开关68一端的转子轴69上固定有转子轴摇把70。左排气口63和右排气口77与大型涡轮机进气口120连接，左进气口62和右进气口79与炉体排气口110连接。
如图4所示，炉体是由所述燃料箱盖101是设在燃料箱102口上的用于密封的盖子。所述燃料箱102是设在炉体111的最顶端，燃料箱102底端是漏斗形出料口。所述燃烧室103是设在燃料箱102下面并与燃料箱102连接密封。所述锥形漏盘108和锥形燃料槽上壁109组成锥形燃料槽设在燃烧室103内，锥形燃料槽顶端设有燃料加注口，并与燃料箱102底端漏斗形出料口对接。所述锥形燃料槽上壁109和锥形漏盘108上都设有许多通气孔用于空气流通支持燃烧和排除炉灰。所述炉体排气口110设在燃烧室103外壁，用于排除燃烧废气。所述炉灰室105设在锥形漏盘108下面和炉体111的最底端用于收集炉灰。所述炉灰室门盖106设在炉灰室105上用于保持炉灰室105内工作时密封气体不外泄。所述炉体进气口107设在炉灰室105上，用于通进空气支持燃料燃烧。所述导气通道104连通炉灰室105和燃烧室103让部分空气进入到燃烧室103使没有燃烧完全的气体和燃料充分再燃烧。小型压气机排气口113和排气阀①146和排气阀②148与炉体进气口107连接。
如图5所示新型的废气涡轮增压器是由，所述小型压气机112和大型涡轮机119通过连接轴传动机构连接。所述小型压气机连接轴114与小型压气机112固定为一体并且小型压气机连接轴114一端安装有小型压气机连接轴齿轮115。所述大型涡轮机连接轴118与大型涡轮机119固定为一体并且大型涡轮机连接轴118一端安装有大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮116。小型压气机连接轴齿轮115的半径小于大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮116的半径。小型压气机连接轴齿轮115与大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮116相互啮合并安装固定在齿轮组传动壳117内。所述齿 轮组传动壳117两端分别与小型压气机112和大型涡轮机119用螺钉连接固定。所述小型压气机排气口113与炉体进气口107接通，大型涡轮机进气口120与炉体排气口110接通。炉体和新型废气涡轮增压器共同组成自动火炉。所述小型压气机112的叶片和大型涡轮机119叶轮可由单级也可由多级构成。在燃烧室外壁还开有燃烧室排气口121，燃烧室排气口121连接气动发动机进气口，作用是让部分排出气体推动气动发动机运作。如图6所示，打气泵是由所述打气泵转子轴143通过打气泵转子轴轴承和气封①151和打气泵转子轴轴承和气封②152安装固定在打气泵定子外壳145内。所述打气泵定子外壳145是由圆柱筒和一边端盖组成。所述打气泵转子活塞144一端固定在打气泵转子轴143上，其他三边与打气泵定子外壳145内壁紧挨并保持活动。所述打气泵定子隔板150固定在打气泵定子外壳145内并与打气泵转子轴143紧挨且保持活动。所述排气阀①146和进气阀①147设在打气泵定子隔板150一侧的打气泵定子外壳145上。所述排气阀②148和进气阀②149设在打气泵定子隔板150另一侧的打气泵定子外壳145上。进气阀①147和进气阀②149与小型压气机排气口113连接。
如图6所示实用新型打气泵结构是由所述打气泵转子轴143通过打气泵转子轴轴承和气封①151和打气泵转子轴轴承和气封②152安装固定在打气泵定子外壳145内。所述打气泵定子外壳145是由圆柱筒和一边端盖组成。所述打气泵转子活塞144一端固定在打气泵转子轴143上，其他三边与打气泵定子外壳145内壁紧挨并保持活动。所述打气泵定子隔板150固定在打气泵定子外壳145内并与打气泵转子轴143紧挨且保持活动。所述排气阀①146和进气阀①147设在打气泵定子隔板150一侧的打气泵定子外壳145上。所述排气阀②148和进气阀②149设在打气泵定子隔板150另一侧的打气泵定子外壳145上。
如图7所示实用新型改进型固体燃料发动机结构是由，自动火炉7排气口联接总气阀，总气阀固定安装在气动发动机气门总成上，总气阀与气门总成俩个排气口连通，总气阀内装有总气阀盖8，总气阀盖8打开和关闭自动火炉7通往气动发动机6的高温高压热气，总气阀盖8上设有小气阀便于打开。总气阀杠杆连杆开关9固定在总气阀上一端联接总气阀盖8另一端联接有连杆设在外边，通过杠杆总气阀外边的连杆拉动带动总气阀内总气阀盖8打开和关闭。总气阀拨动开关5安装固定在气动发动机6转子轴上跟随转子轴一同转动拨动总气阀杠杆连杆开关9活动打开和关闭总气阀盖8。气动发动机6转子轴连接打气泵2转子轴带动打气，气动发动机6转子轴安装有齿轮啮合安装有来回活动的齿条，齿轮齿条组件3的齿条另一端连接有曲柄连杆4。打气泵2进气口与涡轮增压器1压气机出气口接通，打气泵2排气口与自动火炉7进气口接通，涡轮增压器1废气进气口与气动发动机6排气口接通。气动发动机6的结构是上文中如图3所示气动发动机经改进，改进的地方有去掉了驱动开关68，由转子轴摇把70直接拨动气门堵连杆切换进排气门堵的位置，在定子气缸66外的转子轴69上加装平衡配种用于平衡转子活塞的离心力，定子气缸隔板75两侧填充组件使转子活塞板71与定子气缸隔板75之间有最小容积。打气泵2的结构是上文中如图6所示打气泵经改进，改进的地方有在打气泵定子外壳145外的打气泵转子轴143上加装平衡配种用于平衡转子活塞的离心力，在打气泵定子气缸隔板150两侧填充组件使打气泵转子活塞板144与打气泵定子气缸隔板150之间有最小容积。
尽管已经示出和描述了本实用新型的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理 解在不脱离本实用新型的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本实用新型的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种固体燃料发动机，包括活塞和气缸，其特征是定子气缸(66)是一个由中间圆管和两边圆形端盖组成的圆柱体气缸，定子气缸(66)圆管内壁到圆管中心半径固定有矩形定子气缸隔板(75)，定子气缸(66)圆管壁处定子气缸隔板(75)两侧各开有左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)，定子气缸(66)两边圆形端盖中心开有孔位安装转子轴(69)以及轴承，转子轴(69)在定子气缸(66)内与定子气缸隔板(75)间采用间隙密封，转子活塞板(71)安装在气缸内，转子活塞板(71)一边与转子轴(69)固定，其它三边与定子气缸(66)内壁间采用间隙密封，活塞骨架①(72)和活塞骨架②(76)固定在转子活塞板(71)与转子轴(69)的加粗部，气门总成外壳(61)固定在左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)上端，气门总成外壳(61)内用隔板平均分成两个腔室分别对应左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)，气门总成外壳(61)两个腔室分别各开有左进气口(62)与左排气口和气门堵(63)和右排气口(77)与右进气口和气门堵(79)，左气门堵连杆②(67)和右气门堵连杆①(73)分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵(63)和右进气口和气门堵(79)，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴(69)上可以转动，左气门堵连杆①(64)和右气门堵连杆②(78)分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵(63)和右进气口和气门堵(79)，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴(69)上可以转动，在定子气缸(66)一边端盖安装有驱动开关(68)，驱动开关(68)是由轴承固定两边摇臂在转子轴(69)上，两边摇臂中间连接有固定在定子气缸(66)端盖上的弹簧阻尼，在驱动开关(68)一端的转子轴(69)上固定有转子轴摇把(70)，气动发动机安装有自动火炉组成固体燃料发动机，所述自动火炉是由燃料箱盖(101)设在燃料箱(102)并能保持密封，燃料箱(102)底端设有漏斗形出料口，燃烧室(103)设在燃料箱(102)下面并与燃料箱(102)连接密封，锥形漏盘(108)和锥形燃料槽上壁(109)设在燃烧室(103)内，锥形漏盘(108)和锥形燃料槽上壁(109)上分别设有许多通气孔，锥形燃料槽上壁(109)进料口与燃料箱(102)底端设有漏斗形出料口连接，炉体排气口(110)设在燃烧室(103)外壁，炉灰室(105)设在锥形漏盘(108)下面，炉灰室门盖(106)设在炉灰室(105)外壁并能保持密封，导气通道(104)连通炉灰室(105)和燃烧室(103)，炉体进气口(107)设在炉灰室(105)外壁，小型压气机(112)上设有小型压气机连接轴(114)，大型涡轮机(119)上设有大型涡轮机连接轴(118)，小型压气机连接轴(114)上安装有小型压气机连接轴齿轮(115)，大型涡轮机连接轴(118)上安装有大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮(116)，小型压气机连接轴齿轮(115)的半径小于大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮(116)的半径并且相互啮合，齿轮组传动壳(117)设有轴承并固定封装小型压气机连接轴齿轮(115)和大型涡轮机连接轴齿轮(116)以及小型压气机连接轴(114)和大型涡轮机连接轴(118)，齿轮组传动壳(117)两端分别与小型压气机(112)和大型涡轮机(119)连接固定，炉体(111)的炉体排气口(110)与右进气口和气门堵(79)和左进气口(62)接通，气动发动机左排气口和气门堵(63)和右排气口(77)与大型涡轮机进气口(120)接通，炉体(111)的炉体进气口(107)与打气泵的排气阀①(146)和排气阀②(148)和小型压气机排气口(113)接通，炉体进气口(107)与小型压气机排气口(113)接通并设有开关，打气泵的进气阀①(147)和进气阀②(149)和小型压气机排气口(113)接通，所述打气泵是由打气泵转子轴(143)通过打气泵转子轴轴承和气封①(151)和打气泵转子轴轴承和气封②(152)固定安装在打气泵定子外壳(145)内，打气泵定子隔板(150)设在打气泵定子外壳(145)内，打气泵转子活塞(144)固定在打气泵转子轴(143)上，排气阀①(146)和进气阀①(147)设在打气泵定子隔板(150)一侧的打气泵定子外壳(145)上，排气阀②(148)和进气阀②(149)设在打气泵定子隔板(150)另一侧的打气泵定子外壳(145)上，气 动发动机的转子轴(69)一端与打气泵转子轴(143)连接传输动力，所述小型压气机(112)的叶片和大型涡轮机(119)的叶轮可由单级也可由多级构成，安装电动启动马达在启动时带动涡轮增压器转动打气。
  2. 如权利要求1所述固体燃料发动机，其特征是安装有液压传动，所述液压传动是由液力传动转子轴(43)通过液力传动转子轴轴承和油封①(51)和液力传动转子轴轴承和油封②(52)固定安装在液力传动定子外壳(45)内，液力传动定子隔板(50)设在液力传动定子外壳(45)内，液力传动转子活塞(44)固定在液力传动转子轴(43)上，排油阀①(46)和进油阀①(47)设在液力传动定子隔板(50)一侧的液力传动定子外壳(45)上，排油阀②(48)和进油阀②(49)设在液力传动定子隔板(50)另一侧的液力传动定子外壳(45)上，气动发动机的转子轴(69)端与液力传动转子轴(43)连接传输动力。
  3. 如权利要求1所述固体燃料发动机，其特征是安装有机械传动，所述机械传动是由转向转换齿轮组轴①(31)和转向转换齿轮组轴②(34)都固定在转向转换齿轮组轴固定件(35)上并设有轴承能转动，转向转换齿轮组轴①(31)固定有固定齿轮①(42)和单向齿轮①(41)，转向转换齿轮组轴②(34)固定有单向齿轮②(33)和固定齿轮②(37)，单向齿轮②(33)与固定齿轮①(42)相互啮合，固定齿轮②(37)和单向齿轮①(41)分别与转向转换齿轮组外齿圈(36)啮合，转向转换齿轮组外齿圈(36)使用转向转换齿轮组外齿圈轴承(40)固定安装在机械传动外壳(38)内，机械传动动力输出轴(39)与转向转换齿轮组外齿圈(36)设为一体并伸出机械传动外壳(38)，转向转换齿轮组轴①(31)和转向转换齿轮组轴②(34)另一端通过轴承固定在机械传动外壳端盖(32)上，并且转向转换齿轮组轴①(31)伸出机械传动外壳端盖(32)，机械传动外壳端盖(32)通过螺钉与机械传动外壳(38)固定，所述单向齿轮②(33)和单向齿轮①(41)转向相同，并且都是由单向轴承和齿轮组成，气动发动机的转子轴(69)一端与机械传动转向转换齿轮组轴①(31)连接传输动力。
  4. 一种改进后的固体燃料发动机，包括气动机、压气机、燃烧室、涡轮增压器，其特征是定子气缸(66)是一个由中间圆管和两边圆形端盖组成的圆柱体气缸，定子气缸(66)圆管内壁到圆管中心半径固定有矩形定子气缸隔板(75)，定子气缸隔板(75)俩侧有填充容积的组件，定子气缸(66)圆管壁处定子气缸隔板(75)两侧各开有左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)，定子气缸(66)两边圆形端盖中心安装转子轴(69)以及轴承，定子气缸(66)外的转子轴(69)上安装有平衡配重，转子轴(69)在定子气缸(66)内与定子气缸隔板(75)间采用间隙密封，转子活塞板(71)安装在定子气缸(66)内，转子活塞板(71)一边与转子轴(69)固定，其它三边与定子气缸(66)内壁间采用间隙密封，气门总成外壳(61)固定在左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)上端，气门总成外壳(61)内用隔板平均分成两个腔室分别对应左通气口(65)和右通气口(74)，气门总成外壳(61)两个腔室分别各开有左进气口(62)与左排气口和气门堵(63)的左排气口和右排气口(77)与右进气口和气门堵(79)的右进气口，左气门堵连杆②(67)和右气门堵连杆①(73)分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵(63)的气门堵和右进气口和气门堵(79)的气门堵，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴(69)上可以转动，左气门堵连杆①(64)和右气门堵连杆②(78)分别一端固定左排气口和气门堵(63)的气门堵和右进气口和气门堵(79)的气门堵，另一端固定在同一轴承上并安装在转子轴(69)上可以转动，在一端的转子轴(69)上固定有转子轴摇把(70)，气动发动机安装有自动火炉组成固体燃料发动机， 所述自动火炉是由燃料箱盖(101)设在燃料箱(102)并能保持密封，燃料箱(102)底端设有漏斗形出料口，燃烧室(103)设在燃料箱(102)下面并与燃料箱(102)连接密封，锥形漏盘(108)和锥形燃料槽上壁(109)设在燃烧室(103)内，锥形漏盘(108)和锥形燃料槽上壁(109)上分别设有许多通气孔，锥形燃料槽上壁(109)进料口与燃料箱(102)底端设有漏斗形出料口连接，炉体排气口(110)设在燃烧室(103)外壁，炉灰室(105)设在锥形漏盘(108)下面，炉灰室门盖(106)设在炉灰室(105)外壁并能保持密封，导气通道(104)连通炉灰室(105)和燃烧室(103)，炉体进气口(107)设在炉灰室(105)外壁，炉体(111)的炉体排气口(110)与右进气口和气门堵(79)的右进气口和左进气口(62)接通，气动发动机左排气口和气门堵(63)的左排气口和右排气口(77)与涡轮增压器(1)废气进气口接通，炉体(111)的炉体进气口(107)与打气泵的排气阀①(146)和排气阀②(148)接通，打气泵的进气阀①(147)和进气阀②(149)和涡轮增压器(1)压气机排气口接通，所述打气泵是由打气泵转子轴(143)通过打气泵转子轴轴承和气封①(151)和打气泵转子轴轴承和气封②(152)固定安装在打气泵定子外壳(145)内，打气泵定子隔板(150)设在打气泵定子外壳(145)内，打气泵定子隔板(150)俩侧有填充容积的组件，打气泵转子活塞(144)固定在打气泵转子轴(143)上，排气阀①(146)和进气阀①(147)设在打气泵定子隔板(150)一侧的打气泵定子外壳(145)上，排气阀②(148)和进气阀②(149)设在打气泵定子隔板(150)另一侧的打气泵定子外壳(145)上，气动发动机的转子轴(69)一端与打气泵转子轴(143)连接传输动力，打气泵定子外壳(145)外的打气泵转子轴(143)上安装有平衡配重，气动发动机(6)外的转子轴上安装有齿轮齿条组件(3)，齿轮齿条组件(3)连接有曲柄连杆(4)。
  5. 如权利要求4所述改进后的固体燃料发动机，其特征是在气动发动机(6)的气门总成上安装有总气阀，总气阀连通自动火炉(7)排气口和气动发动机(6)进气口，总气阀杠杆连杆开关(9)一端连接总气阀盖(8)和小气阀另一端与总气阀拨动开关(5)配合工作打开和关闭总气阀盖(8)，总气阀拨动开关(5)固定在气动发动机(6)的转子轴上。
PCT/CN2022/000132 2021-10-08 2022-09-17 固体燃料发动机 WO2023056718A1 (zh)

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