WO2023047582A1 - Procédé de transmission et dispositif de transmission - Google Patents

Procédé de transmission et dispositif de transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023047582A1
WO2023047582A1 PCT/JP2021/035385 JP2021035385W WO2023047582A1 WO 2023047582 A1 WO2023047582 A1 WO 2023047582A1 JP 2021035385 W JP2021035385 W JP 2021035385W WO 2023047582 A1 WO2023047582 A1 WO 2023047582A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna elements
transmission
amplitude
phase
control unit
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Application number
PCT/JP2021/035385
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴之 山田
斗煥 李
淳 増野
裕文 笹木
康徳 八木
知哉 景山
Original Assignee
日本電信電話株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本電信電話株式会社 filed Critical 日本電信電話株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2021/035385 priority Critical patent/WO2023047582A1/fr
Priority to JP2023549297A priority patent/JP7544286B2/ja
Publication of WO2023047582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023047582A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission method and a transmission device in wireless communication.
  • Electromagnetic waves with OAM have a spiral distribution of equiphase planes along the direction of propagation centered on the propagation axis.
  • OAM multiplex transmission different OAM modes can be present, and electromagnetic waves propagating in the same direction have orthogonal spatial phase distributions in the rotation axis direction. Therefore, in the OAM multiplex transmission, it is possible to multiplex and transmit the signals by separating the signals of each OAM mode modulated by different signal sequences in the receiving device.
  • a uniform circular array antenna (hereinafter referred to as UCA (Uniform Circular Array)) in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle at regular intervals is used, and multiple OAM modes are used.
  • Spatial multiplex transmission of different signal sequences can be realized by generating, synthesizing, and transmitting (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
  • a Butler circuit (Butler matrix circuit), for example, is used to generate a plurality of OAM mode signals.
  • using a Butler circuit is an example.
  • multiple UCAs with different diameters arranged concentrically can multiplex and transmit signals of the same OAM mode.
  • the receiving device can separate signals multiplexed within the same OAM mode by MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output) technology.
  • MIMO Multi Input Multi Output
  • a transmission device using UCA can realize large-capacity wireless communication by performing multiplex transmission in a plurality of OAM modes. Also, it is desired to apply the OAM multiplex transmission technology to mobile communications. In order to use the OAM multiplex transmission technology for mobile communication, it is necessary to have multi-directional support and movement followability to transmit signals in multiple directions.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and even if a circular array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle is misaligned between the transmission axis and the reception axis, the orbital angle It is an object of the present invention to provide a transmission method and a transmission device that enable momentum multiplex transmission.
  • a transmission method is a transmission method that performs orbital angular momentum multiplexing transmission using a circular array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle, wherein a radio wave transmission direction of each of the antenna elements is changed.
  • a transmission device is a transmission device that performs orbital angular momentum multiplexing transmission using a circular array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle, wherein the radio wave transmission direction of each of the antenna elements is changed.
  • a rotation control unit for controlling rotation of each of the antenna elements, and the amplitude and phase of radio waves radiated by each of the antenna elements controlled to rotate by the rotation control unit are transmitted from each of the antenna elements. and an amplitude/phase control section for controlling the directions to be aligned.
  • orbital angular momentum multiplexing transmission can be made possible even when there is a misalignment between the transmission axis and the reception axis of a circular array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle. .
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment
  • FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a plurality of antenna elements included in a transmitting device and a receiving device
  • (a) is a diagram showing signal generation in OAM mode 0.
  • FIG. (b) is a diagram illustrating signal generation in OAM mode 1
  • (c) is a diagram showing signal generation in OAM mode 2.
  • FIG. (d) is a diagram illustrating signal generation in OAM mode 3;
  • (a) is a diagram illustrating a phase distribution of OAM mode 1;
  • (b) is a diagram illustrating a phase distribution of OAM mode 2;
  • (c) is a diagram illustrating signal intensity distributions in the propagation directions of OAM modes 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates multiple UCAs in which four UCAs of different diameters are concentrically arranged;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the transmission axis of the transmission device and the reception axis of the reception device are misaligned;
  • (a) is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a UCA included in a transmitting device is viewed from the front (transmitting direction A).
  • FIG. 7(b) is a diagram schematically showing an overview of the operation of the UCA included in the transmitting device. It is a figure which shows the 1st structural example of a transmitter.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a second configuration example of a transmission device;
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a third configuration example of a transmission device;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an OAM mode generator with a Butler circuit;
  • 4 is a flowchart showing an operation example of a transmission device;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating radiation directions of radio waves;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a wireless communication system 1 according to one embodiment.
  • a wireless communication system 1 includes, for example, a transmitting device (transmitting station) 2, a receiving device (receiving station) 3, and a control device (control station) 4.
  • the transmitting device 2 and the receiving device 3 are OAM-MIMO using UCA. (Multi Input Multi Output) communication.
  • the transmitting device 2 and the receiving device 3 perform orbital angular momentum multiplex transmission using a circular array antenna in which a plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a circle.
  • the transmitting device 2 and the receiving device 3 may be wireless communication devices having the same configuration, for example, so as to have a transmitting function and a receiving function, respectively.
  • the control device 4 transmits a control signal to each of the transmission device 2 and the reception device 3 .
  • the wireless communication system 1 may be configured without the control device 4 .
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement example of a plurality of antenna elements that the transmitting device 2 and the receiving device 3 have.
  • the transmitting device 2 and the receiving device 3 have a circular array antenna (for example, UCA) in which a plurality of antenna elements 200 are arranged in a circle, and perform OAM multiplex communication.
  • UCA circular array antenna
  • a plurality of antenna elements 200 may be arranged in one circle, or a plurality of antenna elements 200 may be arranged in a plurality of concentric circles with different diameters.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of UCA phase setting for generating an OAM mode signal.
  • FIG. 3(a) is a diagram showing signal generation in OAM mode 0.
  • FIG. 3(b) is a diagram showing signal generation in OAM mode 1.
  • FIG. 3(c) is a diagram showing signal generation in OAM mode 2.
  • FIG. 3(d) is a diagram illustrating signal generation in OAM mode 3.
  • the UCA is shown with eight antenna elements 200 . Note that the appended numbers indicate the phase difference with respect to the reference phase (0°) signal.
  • a signal in which the direction of phase rotation is opposite to that of the signal in OAM mode n is called OAM mode-n.
  • OAM mode-n A signal in which the direction of phase rotation is opposite to that of the signal in OAM mode n.
  • the direction of phase rotation of the signal in the positive OAM mode is assumed to be counterclockwise
  • the direction of phase rotation of the signal in the negative OAM mode is assumed to be clockwise.
  • OAM multiplex communication different signal sequences are generated as signals of different OAM modes, and by simultaneously transmitting the generated signals, spatial multiplexing wireless communication can be performed.
  • the phase of each antenna element of the UCA of the receiving device 3 should be set to be opposite to the phase of the antenna element of the transmitting device 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution and signal strength distribution of OAM multiplexed signals.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution of OAM mode 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution of OAM mode 2.
  • FIG. 4(c) is a diagram illustrating the signal intensity distribution in the propagation direction of OAM modes 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution and signal strength distribution of OAM multiplexed signals.
  • FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution of OAM mode 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution of OAM mode 2.
  • FIG. 4(c) is a diagram illustrating the signal intensity distribution in the propagation direction of OAM modes 1 and 2.
  • the arrows indicate the phase distribution of the signal viewed from the transmission device 2 on the end face (propagation orthogonal plane) orthogonal to the propagation direction.
  • the arrow starts at 0 degrees.
  • the phase changes linearly.
  • the arrow ends at 360 degrees. That is, the signal of OAM mode n propagates while rotating the phase by n (n ⁇ 360 degrees) on the propagation orthogonal plane. Note that the arrows of the phase distribution of the signals of OAM modes -1 and -2 are reversed.
  • the signal intensity distribution and the position where the signal intensity is maximized differ for each OAM mode.
  • the same OAM modes with different signs have the same intensity distribution.
  • the higher the order of the OAM mode the farther the position where the signal intensity is maximized from the propagation axis (see Non-Patent Document 2).
  • the OAM mode with a larger value is called a higher-order mode.
  • an OAM Mode 3 signal is a higher order mode than an OAM Mode 0, OAM Mode 1, or OAM Mode 2 signal.
  • the position where the signal intensity is maximized for each OAM mode is indicated by a ring.
  • the higher the order of the OAM mode the farther the position where the signal intensity is maximized from the central axis, and the beam diameter of the OAM mode multiplexed signal spreads according to the propagation distance, indicating the position where the signal intensity is maximized for each OAM mode. the circle becomes larger.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a multiple UCA in which four UCAs with different diameters are concentrically arranged. As shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to multiplex and transmit signals of the same OAM mode by multiple UCAs in which a plurality of UCAs having different diameters are concentrically arranged.
  • the receiving device 3 can separate signals multiplexed within the same OAM mode by MIMO technology.
  • the UCA needs to support multi-directional communication and also needs to be able to follow movement.
  • the reception antenna of the reception device 3 does not form an electromagnetic field distribution representing OAM.
  • the transmission device 2 rotates each antenna element so as to change the radio wave transmission direction of each antenna element, and the amplitude and phase of the radio wave radiated by each antenna element are adjusted to the radio wave transmission direction of each antenna element. Control so that the direction is aligned.
  • the transmission device 2 may perform transmission in one OAM mode.
  • OAM transmission includes OAM multiplex transmission.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an overview of the UCA included in the transmitting device 2.
  • FIG. 7(a) is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the UCA included in the transmission device 2 is viewed from the front (transmission direction A).
  • FIG. 7(b) is a diagram schematically showing an overview of the operation of the UCA included in the transmission device 2. As shown in FIG.
  • the propagation time difference between the antenna elements 200 is the phase difference, which is expressed by the following formula (1).
  • the UCA included in the transmitting device 2 is configured such that each of the plurality of antenna elements 200 rotates in any direction.
  • the antenna element 200 may be configured to rotate in any three-dimensional direction (including the elevation angle) without being limited to one axis that rotates in the horizontal direction.
  • the UCA provided in the transmitting device 2 can rotate each of the antenna elements 200 toward the predetermined transmitting direction B as shown in FIG. 7(b). That is, the directivity (the direction in which the radiation intensity is maximized) of each antenna element 200 forming the UCA can be oriented in the direction of the transmission axis.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of the transmission device 2.
  • the first configuration example of the transmission device 2 includes, for example, a digital signal processing unit 21, an analog signal processing unit 22, an OAM mode generation unit 23, a switching control unit 24, a rotation control unit 25, an amplitude phase control unit 26 , UCA 27 and control unit 28 .
  • the digital signal processing unit 21 uses the input data to generate a digital signal to be superimposed on the carrier wave and transmitted, and outputs the generated digital signal to the analog signal processing unit 22 .
  • the digital signal processing unit 21 performs processing so as to superimpose the digital signal to be transmitted on the carrier before converting it into an analog signal and processing it.
  • the analog signal processing unit 22 performs processing such as converting a digital signal into an analog signal, and outputs the processing result to the OAM mode generation unit 23.
  • the OAM mode generator 23 uses the input analog signal to generate one or a plurality of OAM mode signals, and outputs the generated signals to the switching controller 24 .
  • the switching control unit 24 selects and switches the antenna elements 200 that radiate radio waves so that the radio waves radiated by each of the antenna elements 200 are radiated toward the receiving device 3 .
  • the rotation control unit 25 performs control to rotate each antenna element 200 so as to change the radio wave transmission direction of each antenna element 200 .
  • the amplitude and phase control unit 26 controls the amplitude and phase of radio waves emitted by the antenna elements 200 controlled to rotate by the rotation control unit 25 so that the radio wave transmission directions of the antenna elements 200 are aligned.
  • the control unit 28 controls each unit that configures the transmission device 2 .
  • the amplitude/phase control unit 26 controls the amplitude of a signal input to one or more antenna elements 200 (or UCA) switched (selected) by the switching control unit 24 based on an instruction from the control unit 28. • Control so that the phase is adjusted to a predetermined transmission direction.
  • the amplitude/phase control unit 26 controls the amplitude/phase from each antenna element 200 so that the OAM mode electromagnetic field distribution can be correctly formed on a plane perpendicular to the transmission direction.
  • the amplitude/phase control unit 26 receives feedback information indicating the channel state from the receiving device 3 so that the UCA 27 can form an appropriate electromagnetic field distribution for each OAM mode.
  • the amplitude/phase may be controlled to correct the difference.
  • the transmission device 2 performs unidirectional OAM multiplexing transmission, multidirectional OAM multiplexing transmission, unidirectional OAM-MIMO multiplexing transmission, multidirectional OAM-MIMO multiplexing transmission, and unidirectional OAM multiplexing transmission from the multiplexed UCA. Simultaneous transmission of OAM-MIMO multiplex transmission in the direction of .
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of the transmission device 2.
  • the second configuration example of the transmission device 2 has a digital signal processing section 21, an analog signal processing section 22, a UCA 27, and a control section .
  • the same reference numerals are assigned to substantially the same configurations as those of the first configuration example of the transmission device 2 shown in FIG.
  • the digital signal processing unit 21 includes the OAM mode generation unit 23, the switching control unit 24, the rotation control unit 25, and the amplitude/phase control unit 26 described above.
  • the OAM mode signal is generated by digital signal processing, and the amplitude and phase difference of the digital OAM mode signal radiated from each antenna element 200 are adjusted in advance. good too.
  • the second configuration example of the transmission device 2 converts the digital OAM mode signal into an analog signal and supplies it to the UCA 27 .
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of the transmission device 2.
  • the third configuration example of the transmission device 2 includes, for example, a digital signal processing unit 21, an analog signal processing unit 22, an OAM mode generation unit 23, a plurality of switching control units 24, a plurality of rotation control units 25, It has a plurality of amplitude phase controllers 26 , a plurality of UCAs 27 and a controller 28 .
  • the rotation control unit 25 performs control to rotate the antenna element 200 switched (selected) from among the plurality of antenna elements 200 by the switching control unit 24 so that the antenna element 200 is oriented in a predetermined direction.
  • the amplitude/phase control unit 26 controls the amplitude and phase of radio waves emitted by each of the antenna elements 200 controlled to rotate by the rotation control unit 25 .
  • the OAM mode generator 23 includes, for example, four Butler circuits 230 as shown in FIG. 11 to create OAM mode signals from analog signals. is configured as
  • the number of Butler circuits provided in the OAM mode generation unit 23 corresponds to the number of UCAs simultaneously selected from multiple UCAs, for example.
  • the four butler circuits 230 each select the corresponding UCA.
  • one or more OAM mode signals are transmitted. For example, when multiplexing OAM mode 1 and OAM mode 2 in each UCA, the OAM mode 1 signal and the OAM mode 2 signal are supplied to each UCA.
  • one or more OAM mode signals are similarly supplied from each Butler circuit 230 to the corresponding UCA.
  • each Butler circuit 230 has eight output ports when multiplexing OAM mode 1 and OAM mode-1.
  • a signal with a phase difference of 45° (360°/8) in the counterclockwise direction and a signal with a phase difference of -45° in the counterclockwise direction are combined (multiplexed) from each output port. signal is output. Signals from each output port are fed to a corresponding antenna element 200 .
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the transmission device 2.
  • FIG. In S ⁇ b>100 data is input to the digital signal processing section 21 .
  • the digital signal processing unit 21 generates a digital signal to be superimposed on a carrier wave from the input data and outputs the generated digital signal to the analog signal processing unit 22 .
  • the analog signal processing unit 22 converts the digital signal into an analog signal (digital-analog conversion), and converts the frequency of the output signal into the carrier frequency band (eg, 28 GHz band).
  • the analog signal processor 22 then outputs the generated analog signal to the OAM mode generator 23 .
  • the OAM mode generator 23 generates an OAM mode and outputs the generated signal from each output port.
  • the OAM mode generator 23 has a configuration including the Butler circuit 230 shown in FIG. A signal to be transmitted in OAM mode 1 and a signal to be transmitted in OAM mode-1 are input from the analog signal processing unit 22 to the Butler circuit 230 .
  • the switching control unit 24 performs control to switch the antenna element 200 .
  • the rotation control unit 25 performs control to rotate the antenna elements 200 so that each direction of the antenna elements 200 is oriented in a predetermined direction.
  • the amplitude/phase control unit 26 performs control so that the signal is supplied to each antenna element 200 of each UCA after adjusting the amplitude and phase in accordance with the transmission direction of radio waves. Then, in S114, the transmitting device 2 transmits radio waves from the UCA.
  • the transmitting device 2 selects a UCA capable of directing the antenna element 200 in an arbitrary direction, and performs OAM multiplex transmission in that direction.
  • the control unit 28 executes the control for this.
  • control unit 28 in the transmitting device 2 knows the position of each receiving device 3 (or the direction in which the receiving device 3 exists with respect to the transmitting device 2). Any method may be used for the control unit 28 of the transmitting device 2 to grasp the state of the receiving device 3 (the position of the receiving device 3, etc.).
  • control unit 28 may grasp the position of the receiving device 3 by receiving the reference signal transmitted from the receiving device 3, or may grasp the position of the receiving device 3 by receiving the position information transmitted from the receiving device 3. 3 position may be grasped. Further, the position of the receiving device 3 (fixed position, planned movement position at each time, etc.) may be preset in the control unit 28 .
  • control unit 28 determines that the signal transmission target receiving device 3 is at position A shown in FIG. At this time, the control unit 28 calculates the amplitude/phase adjustment amount for each output to each antenna element 200 for transmission in the direction from the transmission device 2 to the position A, and sends the amplitude/phase control unit 26 an amplitude/phase adjustment amount. Give an instruction to adjust the phase.
  • the transmitting device 2 may select any one or more of the plurality of UCAs or all of them to perform OAM-MIMO multiplex transmission.
  • the transmitting device 2 similarly adjusts the amplitude and phase so that radio waves are radiated toward the position B. make adjustments.
  • control unit 28 tracks the movement of the receiving device 3 . In other words, as described above, the control unit 28 always keeps track of the position of the receiving device 3 .
  • the control unit 28 communication from UCA-X to another UCA.
  • the transmitting device 2 selects a UCA-X' that can be transmitted in the direction (transmission axis) from the transmitting device 2 to the position A'. 3 is switched from UCA-X to UCA-X', and the direction of antenna element 200 and the amplitude and phase of the output signal are adjusted.
  • the transmission device 2 performs control to rotate each antenna element 200 so as to change the radio wave transmission direction of each antenna element 200, and the amplitude and amplitude of radio waves emitted by each antenna element 200. Since the phase is controlled so that the radio wave transmission directions of the antenna elements 200 are aligned, orbital angular momentum multiplex transmission can be performed even when there is a misalignment between the transmission axis and the reception axis of the UCA 27. can.
  • each unit constituting the transmitting device 2, the receiving device 3, and the control device 4 in the above-described embodiment may be partially or wholly configured by hardware, or may be configured by causing a processor to execute a program.
  • each unit constituting the transmitting device 2, the receiving device 3, and the control device 4 is partially or entirely configured by causing a processor to execute a program
  • the program is recorded on a recording medium and supplied. may be supplied over a network.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, un procédé de transmission est conçu pour effectuer une transmission multiplex du moment angulaire orbital à l'aide d'une antenne réseau circulaire ayant une pluralité d'éléments d'antenne agencés de manière circulaire, et est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : une étape de commande de rotation permettant d'exécuter une commande pour faire pivoter les éléments d'antenne de façon à changer les directions de transmission d'ondes radio pour les éléments d'antenne ; et une étape de commande de phase d'amplitude permettant de commander l'amplitude et la phase d'une onde radio émise par chacun des éléments d'antenne, qui ont été amenés à pivoter, de façon à ce que les directions de transmission d'ondes radio des éléments d'antenne respectifs deviennent uniformes.
PCT/JP2021/035385 2021-09-27 2021-09-27 Procédé de transmission et dispositif de transmission WO2023047582A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2021/035385 WO2023047582A1 (fr) 2021-09-27 2021-09-27 Procédé de transmission et dispositif de transmission
JP2023549297A JP7544286B2 (ja) 2021-09-27 2021-09-27 送信方法及び送信装置

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009017230A1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-05 Nec Corporation Système de communication mimo ayant un parcours de communication déterministe et son procédé d'agencement d'antenne
JP2015231108A (ja) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-21 富士通株式会社 アンテナ装置、及び、アンテナの方向調整方法
JP2017224989A (ja) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 日本電信電話株式会社 アンテナ調整方法及び通信システム
WO2019059408A1 (fr) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-28 日本電信電話株式会社 Système de communication à multiplexage oam, et procédé de communication à multiplexage oam

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009017230A1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-05 Nec Corporation Système de communication mimo ayant un parcours de communication déterministe et son procédé d'agencement d'antenne
JP2015231108A (ja) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-21 富士通株式会社 アンテナ装置、及び、アンテナの方向調整方法
JP2017224989A (ja) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 日本電信電話株式会社 アンテナ調整方法及び通信システム
WO2019059408A1 (fr) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-28 日本電信電話株式会社 Système de communication à multiplexage oam, et procédé de communication à multiplexage oam

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