WO2023026648A1 - ガスバリア性多層フィルム - Google Patents
ガスバリア性多層フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023026648A1 WO2023026648A1 PCT/JP2022/024152 JP2022024152W WO2023026648A1 WO 2023026648 A1 WO2023026648 A1 WO 2023026648A1 JP 2022024152 W JP2022024152 W JP 2022024152W WO 2023026648 A1 WO2023026648 A1 WO 2023026648A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- moisture
- multilayer film
- inorganic barrier
- plastic
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier multilayer film used as a sealing material or base material for electronic devices such as organic electroluminescence (EL) elements and solar cells.
- EL organic electroluminescence
- organic electroluminescence organic EL
- solar cells solar cells
- touch panels electronic paper
- electronic paper etc.
- high moisture barrier properties in order to avoid charge leakage due to moisture. requested.
- inorganic barrier layer made of silicon oxide or the like by vapor deposition on the surface of the plastic substrate.
- Patent Document 1 films provided with such inorganic thin films are widely used as barrier films.
- Such a barrier film is insufficient to satisfy the moisture barrier property required for the electronic device as described above, and residual moisture in the resin used for the plastic substrate significantly deteriorates the device.
- Patent Document 2 a moisture barrier laminate having a structure in which a moisture trapping layer having a moisture absorbing ionic polymer as a matrix is laminated is also known.
- the moisture trap layer as described above is formed by applying a coating composition for forming a trap layer containing an ionic polymer onto an inorganic barrier layer formed on the surface of a plastic film by vapor deposition or the like and curing the composition. It is said that the formation of such a layer exhibits excellent moisture barrier properties.
- the moisture barrier property of the inorganic barrier layer is insufficient, it has not yet been able to secure sufficient moisture barrier property as a sealing material for electronic devices, and the problem has not been solved.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer film that exhibits sufficient moisture barrier properties as a sealing material for electronic devices.
- the present invention includes the following inventions. 1. Including a substrate layer (A1), a moisture trapping layer (B1), and an outer layer (Q) in this order,
- the substrate layer (A1) has a layer selected from the group consisting of an inorganic barrier layer (a1) and an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on at least one surface of the plastic layer (x),
- the base layer (A1) has a water permeability (40° C., RH90%) of less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day. Gas barrier multilayer film. 2.
- the base layer (A1) is ( ⁇ ) has an inorganic barrier layer (a1) on the surface opposite to the water trap layer (B1); ( ⁇ ) has an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on the surface on the moisture trap layer (B1) side, or ( ⁇ ) comprises the above ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ); 2.
- the outer layer (Q) is a layer selected from the group consisting of the plastic layer (C), the substrate layer (A1) and the substrate layer (A2), and the substrate layer (A2) is the plastic layer (y).
- the gas barrier multilayer film according to item 1 or 2 which is a layer having an inorganic barrier layer (a4) on one surface. 4. 3.
- the gas barrier multilayer film according to item 1 or 2 further comprising a moisture trapping layer (B2) on the surface of the substrate layer (A1) opposite to the moisture trapping layer (B1).
- An adhesive layer (D) and a base layer (A3) are further included in this order on the surface of the moisture trap layer (B2) opposite to the base layer (A1), and the base layer (A3) is a plastic layer ( 4.
- the gas barrier multilayer film according to 4 above which is a layer having an inorganic barrier layer (a5) on one side of z). 6.
- the gas barrier multilayer film of the present invention has excellent moisture barrier properties.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 1 of Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 2 of Example 2; 3 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 3 of Example 3.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 4 of Example 4.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 5 of Example 5; 4 is a schematic side sectional view showing the layer structure of a multilayer film 6 of Comparative Example 1.
- the multilayer film of the present invention comprises a substrate layer (A1), a moisture trapping layer (B1) and an outer layer (Q) in this order,
- the substrate layer (A1) has a layer selected from the group consisting of an inorganic barrier layer (a1) and an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on at least one surface of the plastic layer (x),
- the base layer (A1) has a water permeability (40° C., RH90%) of less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day. It is a gas barrier multilayer film.
- the substrate layer (A1) has a layer selected from the group consisting of an inorganic barrier layer (a1) and an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on at least one surface of the plastic layer (x).
- the plastic layer (x) serves as a base for the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2), which will be described later. It is molded by co-injection molding, extrusion or co-extrusion molding, film or sheet molding, compression moldability, cast polymerization, or the like.
- the plastic layer (x) is preferably made of a thermoplastic resin from the viewpoint of moldability and cost.
- thermoplastics include low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene or ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene.
- Polyolefins such as random or block copolymers of ⁇ -olefins such as, cyclic olefin resins such as cyclic olefin copolymers and cyclic olefin polymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, ethylene-chloride Ethylene-vinyl compound copolymers such as vinyl copolymers, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, ABS, styrene resins such as ⁇ -methylstyrene-styrene copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride ⁇ Polyvinyl compounds such as vinylidene chloride copolymers, polymethyl acrylate and polymethyl methacrylate, polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 6-6, nylon 6-10, nylon 11 and nylon 12, polyethylene terephthalate (PET),
- the plastic layer (x) preferably contains an olefin resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, polyamide resin or cyclic olefin resin.
- the plastic layer (x) is formed of a gas barrier resin having excellent oxygen barrier properties, such as an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. It may also have a multi-layered structure including laminated layers.
- the plastic layer (x) is a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalene carboxylate, polyimide resin, and polyamide resin from the viewpoint that it is suitable as a base for the inorganic barrier layer (a) described later. It is more preferable to use a film of a cyclic olefin resin such as a cyclic olefin copolymer or a cyclic olefin polymer as the plastic layer (x).
- the thickness of the plastic layer (x) is not particularly limited, but if the thickness is excessively thick, the amount of residual moisture in the plastic layer (x) increases.
- the thickness of the plastic layer (x) is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 125 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 45 ⁇ m or less, since the gas barrier multilayer film loses flexibility.
- the substrate layer (A1) has an inorganic barrier layer on at least one surface of the plastic layer (x).
- the base material layer (A1) has the following mode ⁇ , mode ⁇ , or mode ⁇ .
- Aspect ⁇ is an aspect in which the base material layer (A1) has the inorganic barrier layer (a1) on the surface opposite to the water trap layer (B1).
- Aspect ⁇ is an aspect in which the substrate layer (A1) has the inorganic barrier layer (a2) on the surface on the moisture trap layer (B1) side.
- Aspect ⁇ is an aspect comprising the above ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ), that is, the substrate layer (A1) has the inorganic barrier layer (a1) on the surface opposite to the moisture trapping layer (B1), and the moisture trapping This embodiment has an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on the layer (B1) side surface.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) may have the same properties and film thickness, or may have different properties and film thickness.
- the water permeability (40° C., RH90%) of the substrate layer (A1) is less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day, preferably less than 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day. , more preferably less than 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day.
- the water permeability of the substrate layer (A1) (40° C., RH90 %) is preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day, more preferably less than 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day, even more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 / less than day.
- the water content of the base layer (A1) Transmittance is preferably less than 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day, more preferably less than 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day, still more preferably 3 ⁇ 10 less than ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day.
- Each of the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) is a layer formed using the plastic layer (x) as a base.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a) is preferably a film formed by vapor deposition or a film formed by wet coating.
- Vapor deposition includes inorganic or inorganic-organic hybrid deposited films formed by physical vapor deposition such as sputtering, vacuum deposition, and ion plating, and chemical vapor deposition such as plasma CVD.
- Wet coatings include inorganic or inorganic-organic hybrid coating films formed by a sol-gel process.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) are each a film formed of various metals, metal oxides, or metal oxides containing organic substances, in order to ensure high oxygen barrier properties. is suitable. In particular, it is preferably formed by plasma CVD or sol-gel process in that the film is uniformly formed even on an uneven surface and exhibits excellent barrier properties against not only oxygen but also moisture.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) are preferably metal oxide films or metal oxides containing organic substances.
- a deposited film by plasma CVD is formed by arranging a film-shaped plastic layer (x) as a base for the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) in a plasma processing chamber maintained at a predetermined degree of vacuum.
- a gas of a metal or a compound containing the metal (reactant gas) and an oxidizing gas (usually oxygen or NOx gas) are suitably used together with a carrier gas such as argon or helium, and shielded by a metal wall using a gas supply pipe.
- a glow discharge is generated by a microwave electric field, a high-frequency electric field, or the like, plasma is generated by the electric energy, and the decomposition reaction product of the above compound is deposited on the surface of the plastic layer (x) to form a film.
- the reaction gas it is generally said that a film having a flexible region containing a carbon component at the interface of the underlying plastic layer (x) and having a highly oxidized region with excellent barrier properties thereon can be formed.
- an organic metal compound for example, an organic aluminum compound such as trialkylaluminum, or a gas such as an organic titanium compound, an organic zirconium compound, or an organic silicon compound.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a1 ), the inorganic barrier layer (a2) can be formed relatively easily and efficiently, and an organic silicon compound is most preferred.
- organosilicon compounds examples include hexamethyldisilane, vinyltrimethylsilane, methylsilane, dimethylsilane, trimethylsilane, diethylsilane, propylsilane, phenylsilane, methyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane.
- tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane and other organic silane compounds, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane, hexamethyl Organic siloxane compounds such as disiloxane are used.
- aminosilane, silazane, etc. can also be used.
- the above organometallic compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thicknesses of the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) are set to a thickness that satisfies a predetermined moisture permeability according to the thickness of the underlying plastic layer (x). In general, it may have a thickness of about 4 to 500 nm, particularly about 30 to 400 nm.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) can also be formed on the plastic layer (x) by coating or the like without depending on the method such as vapor deposition.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a) formed by coating contains polysilazane, a polycondensable silane compound (e.g. alkoxysilane), or a polycondensable alumina compound (e.g. alkoxyaluminum) as film-forming components.
- a typical method is to use an organic solvent solution in which inorganic fine particles such as silica and alumina are mixed, apply this to a predetermined surface, and heat to evaporate the organic solvent to form a film.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a) may have an anchor coat layer and a top coat layer.
- a well-known technique can be used for the anchor coat layer and the top coat layer.
- the anchor coat layer for example, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic urethane resin, a polyester-based polyurethane resin, or a polyether-based polyurethane resin can be used. Polyester-based polyurethane resins and acrylic urethane resins are desirable from the viewpoints of adhesion and heat resistance.
- the topcoat layer for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, starch, sodium alginate, or mixtures thereof can be used.
- An inorganic oxide can be mixed with the above resin in the topcoat layer.
- the outer layer (Q) is the layer on the side opposite to the electronic device when the multilayer film of the present invention is attached to the electronic device.
- the outer layer (Q) is a layer selected from the group consisting of the plastic layer (C), the substrate layer (A1) and the substrate layer (A2).
- the same layer as the substrate layer (A1) is used as the outer layer (Q). That is, there is a mode in which two layers of the same base material layer (A1) are used.
- the base layer (A2) and the plastic layer (C) will be described later.
- the substrate layer (A2) has an inorganic barrier layer (a4) on one side of the plastic layer (y).
- an adhesive layer (D) and a substrate are further provided on the surface of the moisture trapping layer (B1) opposite to the substrate layer (A1).
- Material layers (A2) can be included in this order.
- the material and thickness of the plastic layer (y) those described in the section of the plastic layer (x) can be adopted.
- the material and thickness of the plastic layer (y) may be the same as or different from those of the plastic layer (x).
- the properties, material, thickness, and manufacturing method of the inorganic barrier layer (a4) can employ those described in the section on the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2).
- the properties, material, thickness and manufacturing method of the inorganic barrier layer (a4) may be the same as or different from those of the inorganic barrier layer (a1) or the inorganic barrier layer (a2).
- the moisture permeability (40° C., RH90%) of the inorganic barrier layer (a4) is not necessarily less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day.
- the substrate layer (A3) has an inorganic barrier layer (a5) on one side of the plastic layer (z).
- the substrate layer (A3) includes an adhesive layer (D) and a base layer (A3) in this order, and the base layer (A3) can have an inorganic barrier layer (a5) on one side of the plastic layer (z).
- (6) of mode ⁇ is a mode in which the substrate layer (A3) is reversed in (5).
- (8) of mode ⁇ is a mode in which the substrate layer (A3) is reversed in (7).
- the material and thickness of the plastic layer (z) those described in the section of the plastic layer (x) can be adopted.
- the material and thickness of the plastic layer (z) may be the same as or different from those of the plastic layer (x).
- the properties, material, thickness, and manufacturing method of the inorganic barrier layer (a5) can employ those described in the section on the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2).
- the properties, material, thickness and manufacturing method of the inorganic barrier layer (a5) may be the same as or different from those of the inorganic barrier layer (a1) or the inorganic barrier layer (a2).
- the moisture permeability (40° C., RH90%) of the inorganic barrier layer (a5) does not necessarily have to be less than 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day.
- the multilayer film of the present invention includes an inorganic barrier layer (a3) other than the inorganic barrier layer (a1) and the inorganic barrier layer (a2) that constitute the substrate layer (A1), an inorganic barrier layer (a4), an inorganic barrier layer ( There is an embodiment containing a5).
- the inorganic barrier layer (a3) is a layer formed using the plastic layer (C) as a base.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a3) can be formed on the surface of the plastic layer (C) on the water trap layer (B1) side.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a3) may be made of the same material as the inorganic barrier layer (a1) or the inorganic barrier layer (a2), and may have the same thickness.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a3) can be formed by the same method as the inorganic barrier layer (a1) or the inorganic barrier layer (a2).
- the inorganic barrier layer (a) may have an anchor coat layer and a top coat layer.
- a well-known technique can be used for the anchor coat layer and the top coat layer.
- an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic urethane resin, a polyester-based polyurethane resin, or a polyether-based polyurethane resin can be used.
- Polyester-based polyurethane resins and acrylic urethane resins are desirable from the viewpoints of adhesion and heat resistance.
- the topcoat layer for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, starch, sodium alginate, or mixtures thereof can be used.
- An inorganic oxide can be mixed with the above resin in the topcoat layer.
- the moisture trapping layer (B1) blocks moisture flowing in the thickness direction of the gas barrier multilayer film.
- the water trap layer (B1) is preferably made of an ionic polymer.
- the moisture trapping layer (B1) is preferably formed by using an ionic polymer as a matrix and dispersing a moisture absorbent having a lower humidity reached than the ionic polymer in this matrix.
- Those having such an ionic polymer as a matrix have excellent moisture capturing properties, and those dispersed with a hygroscopic agent having a low humidity reach transfer the moisture absorbed by the ionic polymer to the hygroscopic agent to absorb moisture. can be trapped within the moisture absorbent, and the permeated moisture can be completely captured within the trapping layer. Moreover, deformation such as swelling due to moisture absorption in the trap layer can be effectively avoided.
- the ionic polymers suitably used for forming the moisture trapping layer (B1) include cationic polymers and anionic polymers.
- a cationic polymer is a polymer having a cationic group that can become positively charged in water, such as a primary to tertiary amino group, a quaternary ammonium group, a pyridyl group, an imidazole group, a quaternary pyridinium group, etc., in the molecule. be.
- a cationic polymer can form a hygroscopic matrix because the cationic group has a strong nucleophilic action and captures water through hydrogen bonding.
- the amount of cationic groups in the cationic polymer is generally such that the water absorption rate (JISK-7209-1984) of the polymer is 20% or more, particularly 30 to 45%, in an atmosphere of 80% RH and 30°C humidity. If it is
- cationic polymers examples include amine-based monomers such as allylamine, ethyleneimine, vinylbenzyltrimethylamine, [4-(4-vinylphenyl)-methyl]-trimethylamine and vinylbenzyltriethylamine; vinylpyridine, vinylimidazole and the like. nitrogen-containing heterocyclic monomer; and salts thereof; If necessary, those obtained by partial neutralization by acid treatment are used.
- Polyallylamine is suitable as such a cationic polymer from the viewpoint of film-forming properties and the like.
- anionic polymers have anionic functional groups that can become negatively charged in water, such as carboxylic acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, phosphonic acid groups, and acidic bases in which these groups are partially neutralized. It is the polymer that is inside.
- An anionic polymer having such a functional group can form a hygroscopic matrix because the functional group captures water through hydrogen bonding.
- the amount of anionic functional groups in the anionic polymer varies depending on the type of functional group. is 20% or more, particularly 30 to 45%.
- anionic polymers having functional groups as described above include carboxylic acid monomers such as methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and maleic anhydride; ⁇ -halogenated vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, and the like. sulfonic acid-based monomers; phosphonic acid-based monomers such as vinyl phosphoric acid; and salts of these monomers; and, if necessary, partially neutralized by alkali treatment.
- poly(meth)acrylic acid and its partially neutralized product eg, partially Na salt
- the hygroscopic agent allows the moisture absorbed by the ionic polymer to migrate to the hygroscopic agent so that the absorbed moisture can be confined within the hygroscopic agent. In addition, deformation due to swelling of the ionic polymer can be prevented. It is preferable that the hygroscopic agent has a lower humidity reached than the ionic polymer. Examples of such a hygroscopic agent include those having a humidity of 6% or less under environmental conditions of 80% RH and 30°C temperature.
- this hygroscopic agent if the reaching humidity of this hygroscopic agent is higher than that of the ionic polymer, the entrapment of the moisture absorbed by the matrix is not sufficient, and the release of moisture tends to occur.
- the agent When the agent is blended in the ionic polymer, not only can it effectively trap moisture even in a low humidity atmosphere, but the moisture absorbed by the ionic polymer can also be captured by the hygroscopic agent. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the release of moisture and exhibit high moisture barrier properties.
- the above moisture absorbent generally has a water absorption rate (JISK-7209-1984) of 50% or more in an atmosphere with a humidity of 80% RH and a temperature of 30 ° C., and there are inorganic and organic ones.
- inorganic moisture absorbents include zeolite, alumina, activated carbon, clay minerals such as montmorillonite, silica gel, calcium oxide, and magnesium sulfate.
- organic hygroscopic agents include crosslinked products of anionic polymers or partially neutralized products thereof.
- anionic polymers examples include carboxylic acid monomers ((meth)acrylic acid, maleic anhydride, etc.), sulfonic acid monomers (halogenated vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, etc.), phosphonic Those obtained by polymerizing or copolymerizing at least one anionic monomer represented by an acidic monomer (vinyl phosphoric acid, etc.) and a salt of these monomers with other monomers. be able to.
- Organic moisture absorbents are particularly effective in applications where transparency is required. For example, fine particles of crosslinked sodium poly(meth)acrylate are typical organic moisture absorbents.
- the average primary particle diameter is 100 nm or less, particularly 80 nm or less
- the organic polymer moisture absorbent with a small diameter is most suitable. That is, the organic polymer desiccant has extremely good dispersibility in the matrix of the ionic polymer and can be dispersed uniformly.
- the particle shape can be made into a fine and uniform spherical shape, and by blending this above a certain amount, it is possible to ensure extremely high transparency.
- the organic microscopic hygroscopic agent not only exhibits high hygroscopicity with extremely low reaching humidity as described above, but also can extremely reduce volume change due to swelling due to cross-linking. It is most suitable for lowering the humidity of the environmental atmosphere to a state of absolute dryness or near to a state of absolute dryness.
- the amount of the hygroscopic agent as described above is such that the property is sufficiently exhibited, the moisture barrier property is significantly improved, and the dimensional change due to swelling is effectively suppressed. It is set according to the type of the ionic polymer from the viewpoint of ensuring a higher moisture barrier property than the barrier property exhibited by the inorganic barrier layer over a long period of time.
- the moisture trapping layer (B1) when forming the moisture trapping layer (B1) by dispersing the moisture absorbent in the cationic polymer, generally 50 parts by weight or more, particularly 100 to 900 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the cationic polymer. It is preferably present in an amount, more preferably in an amount of 200 to 600 parts by weight.
- the moisture absorbent when it is dispersed in the anionic polymer, it is preferably present in an amount of 50 parts by weight or more, particularly 100 to 1300 parts by weight, more preferably 150 to 1200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the anionic polymer. Part amounts are more preferred.
- a crosslinked structure is introduced into the ionic polymer. That is, when a crosslinked structure is introduced into the ionic polymer, when water is absorbed, the molecules of the ionic polymer are restrained by the crosslinkage, suppressing volumetric changes due to swelling (moisture absorption) and mechanical improved physical strength and dimensional stability.
- Such a crosslinked structure can be introduced by adding a crosslinker to the coating composition for forming the moisture trapping layer (B1).
- anionic polymers unlike cationic polymers, only water is captured by hydrogen bonding. Therefore, by introducing a network structure (crosslinking structure) of spaces suitable for hygroscopicity into the matrix, the hygroscopicity can be greatly increased. can be enhanced.
- the cross-linking agent for introducing such a cross-linking structure differs slightly between the case of introducing a cross-linking structure into a cationic polymer and the case of introducing a cross-linking structure into an anionic polymer.
- Crosslinking agents for cationic polymers include crosslinkable functional groups that can react with cationic groups (e.g., epoxy groups) and functional groups that can form siloxane structures in the crosslinked structure through hydrolysis and dehydration condensation (e.g., , an alkoxysilyl group) can be used, and specifically, a silane compound represented by the following formula (1) is preferably used.
- X is an epoxy group-terminated organic group
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a methyl group, an ethyl group, or an isopropyl group
- n is 0, 1, or 2. be.
- Such a silane compound has an epoxy group and an alkoxysilyl group as functional groups, and the epoxy group undergoes addition reaction with the functional group (for example, NH 2 ) of the cationic polymer.
- an alkoxysilyl group forms a silanol group (SiOH group) by hydrolysis, forms a siloxane structure through a condensation reaction, and grows, finally forming a crosslinked structure between cationic polymer chains.
- SiOH group silanol group
- the cationic polymer is alkaline, and as a result, when the coating composition containing the cationic polymer is applied to form the moisture trapping layer (B1), the addition reaction between the cationic group and the epoxy group and the reaction between the silanol groups Dehydration condensation is also rapidly promoted, and a crosslinked structure can be easily introduced.
- the organic group X having an epoxy group in the above formula (1) is typically a ⁇ -glycidoxyalkyl group, such as ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -glycidoxy Propylmethyldimethoxysilane is preferably used as crosslinker.
- the epoxy group in the above formula (1) is an alicyclic epoxy group such as an epoxycyclohexyl group are also suitable as the cross-linking agent.
- an alicyclic structure is introduced when a compound having an alicyclic epoxy group such as ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane is used as a cross-linking agent. The introduction of such an alicyclic structure can more effectively exhibit the matrix function of forming a spatial network structure suitable for moisture absorption.
- a compound having a plurality of epoxy groups and alicyclic groups for example, a diglycidyl ester represented by the following formula (2) is crosslinked.
- a diglycidyl ester represented by the following formula (2) is crosslinked.
- G is a glycidyl group and A is a divalent hydrocarbon group having an aliphatic ring, such as a cycloalkylene group.
- a representative of such diglycidyl esters is represented by the following formula (2-1).
- the diglycidyl ester of formula (2) does not have an alkoxysilyl group, but introduces an alicyclic structure into the crosslinked structure, thereby forming a network structure of spaces suitable for moisture absorption in the matrix. is effective in
- cross-linking agents are desirably used in an amount of 5-60 parts by weight, especially 15-50 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the cationic polymer, and at least 70% by weight, preferably 80% by weight of such cross-linking agents.
- % by weight or more is desirably the silane compound of formula (1) described above.
- a cross-linking agent for introducing a cross-linked structure into an anionic polymer as described in JP-A-2015-96320, etc., a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with an ionic group possessed by an anionic polymer can be used.
- a compound having two or more functional groups eg, epoxy groups
- the diglycidyl ester represented by formula (2) which is also mentioned in the coating composition for cationic matrix, is preferably used.
- the epoxy group reacts with the anionic group to form a crosslinked structure including an alicyclic structure by the divalent group A in the matrix. It is formed by a crosslinked structure containing such an alicyclic structure, thereby suppressing swelling.
- preferred diglycidyl esters among the above diglycidyl esters have been mentioned above, and in particular, from the viewpoint of being able to form a network structure of spaces suitable for moisture absorption, represented by the above formula (2-1) are most preferred.
- the moisture trap layer (B1) may have an anchor coat layer and a top coat layer. A well-known technique can be used for the anchor coat layer and the top coat layer.
- the layer forming the anchor coat layer is, for example, an organic layer made of at least one selected from urethane-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyether-based resins, epoxy-based resins, acrylic-based resins, phenol-based resins, and melamine-based resins. It is preferably made of urethane resin, epoxy resin, or acrylic resin. A crosslinked structure may be introduced into these resins. Further, it may be an organic layer to which an inorganic filler or a silane-based compound is added to improve barrier properties.
- the layer forming the topcoat layer is, for example, an organic layer made of at least one selected from urethane-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyether-based resins, epoxy-based resins, acrylic-based resins, phenol-based resins, and melamine-based resins. It is preferably made of urethane resin, epoxy resin, or acrylic resin. A crosslinked structure may be introduced into these resins. Furthermore, it may be an organic layer to which a metal oxide that adjusts the refractive index, an inorganic filler that improves barrier properties, or a silane compound is added.
- Such a cross-linking agent for an anionic polymer in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight, particularly 10 to 40 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the anionic polymer.
- Formation of the moisture trap layer (B1) is carried out by applying a coating composition obtained by dissolving or dispersing a predetermined hygroscopic polymer, moisture absorbent, etc. in an organic solvent, heating to form a film, and then drying in a dry atmosphere under reduced pressure. It is formed by releasing the moisture present in the layer to be formed by holding the Alternatively, the coating composition as described above is applied to another organic film to form a moisture trapping layer (B1) in the same manner, and then, using a dry laminate adhesive or the like, this moisture trapping layer (B1) is It can also be formed by adhering to the substrate layer (A1).
- a moisture trapping layer (B2 ) can be included.
- the moisture trapping layer (B2) is not particularly limited as long as it exhibits moisture blocking properties, and may be a layer known per se, such as a layer in which a moisture absorbent such as zeolite is dispersed in a predetermined resin layer. .
- the moisture trapping layer (B2) may be made of the same material as the moisture trapping layer (B1). Both the moisture trapping layer (B1) and the moisture trapping layer (B2) preferably contain a resin composition in which the moisture absorbent (ii) is dispersed in the cationic polymer (i).
- the moisture trap layer (B2) may have an anchor coat layer and a top coat layer.
- a well-known technique can be used for the anchor coat layer and the top coat layer.
- the layer forming the anchor coat layer is, for example, an organic layer made of at least one selected from urethane-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyether-based resins, epoxy-based resins, acrylic-based resins, phenol-based resins, and melamine-based resins. It is preferably made of urethane resin, epoxy resin, or acrylic resin. A crosslinked structure may be introduced into these resins. Further, it may be an organic layer to which an inorganic filler or a silane-based compound is added to improve barrier properties.
- the layer forming the topcoat layer is, for example, an organic layer made of at least one selected from urethane-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyether-based resins, epoxy-based resins, acrylic-based resins, phenol-based resins, and melamine-based resins. It is preferably made of urethane resin, epoxy resin, or acrylic resin. A crosslinked structure may be introduced into these resins. Furthermore, it may be an organic layer to which a metal oxide that adjusts the refractive index, an inorganic filler that improves barrier properties, or a silane compound is added.
- ⁇ Plastic layer (C)> For the plastic layer (C), a layer having the material and thickness described in the section of the plastic layer (x) can be adopted.
- the plastic layer (C) may be made of the same material as or different from the plastic layer (x) described above.
- the plastic layer (C) may be of the same or different thickness than the plastic layer (x) described above.
- the plastic layer (C) preferably contains an olefin resin, polyester resin, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, or cyclic olefin resin.
- ⁇ Adhesive Layer (D)> In the multilayer film of the present invention, it is preferable to further include an adhesive layer (D) on the surface of the moisture trapping layer (B1) on the plastic layer (C) side.
- adhesive layer (D) known adhesives such as (meth)acrylic adhesives and urethane adhesives can be used.
- An agent layer (D) may be formed.
- Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), soft polyolefin (LLDPE), metallocene polyolefin elastomer, and the like can also be used as adhesives.
- the above adhesive is preferably adjusted so that the adhesive strength to the surface of the moisture trap layer (B1) is 0.3 N/25 mm or more.
- Adhesion can be adjusted by introducing a crosslinked structure into the polymer forming the adhesive, depending on the material of the surface of the moisture trap layer (B1).
- the adhesive can be adjusted by blending a lubricant or the like.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is (1) forming a layer selected from the group consisting of an inorganic barrier layer (a1) and an inorganic barrier layer (a2) by vapor deposition on at least one surface of a plastic layer (x) to form a substrate layer (A1); (2) a step of coating the substrate layer (A1) with a resin composition that forms the moisture trapping layer (B1), followed by curing; and (3) applying an adhesive layer (D) to the obtained multilayer film.
- Laminating the outer layer (Q) after coating the forming adhesive can be manufactured by The plastic layer (x), deposition, inorganic barrier layer (a), substrate layer (A1), moisture trap layer (B1), adhesive layer (D), and outer layer (Q) are as described above.
- the multilayer film of the present invention is used as a sealing material for electronic devices.
- the multilayer film can be applied to a device, such as with a pressure sensitive adhesive, and the device can be sealed to keep the interior of the device dry.
- the multilayer film of the present invention may be used as a substrate for an electronic device by directly laminating an electronic device thereon.
- the electronic device to which the multilayer film of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and can be applied to various electronic devices such as organic EL elements, solar cells, touch panels, electronic panels, etc., and organic devices that particularly dislike charge leakage due to moisture. can do.
- the base material layer (A1) has the following aspects.
- Aspect ⁇ An aspect having an inorganic barrier layer (a1) on the surface opposite to the water trap layer (B1).
- Aspect ⁇ A mode having an inorganic barrier layer (a2) on the surface on the moisture trapping layer (B1) side.
- Aspect ⁇ An aspect comprising the aspects ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ), that is, having the inorganic barrier layer (a1) on the surface opposite to the moisture trapping layer (B1) and the surface on the moisture trapping layer (B1) side It is an embodiment having an inorganic barrier layer (a2) in the .
- the outer layer (Q) includes the plastic layer (C) of (1) to (4), the substrate layer (A1) of (5) to (6), that is, a1/x, and the substrate layer of (7) to (8).
- An example using (A2) ie a4/y is given.
- the outer layer (Q) includes the plastic layer (C) of (1) to (6), the substrate layer (A2) of (7) to (8), that is, a4/y, and the substrate layer of (9) to (12).
- An example using (A1) or a1/x is given.
- A1 base layer (a1/x, x/a2 or a1/x/a2)
- A2 Base layer (a4/y)
- A3 Base layer (a5/z or z/a5)
- x plastic layer
- y plastic layer
- plastic layer z plastic layer
- a1 inorganic barrier layer
- a2 inorganic barrier layer
- a3 inorganic barrier layer
- a4 inorganic barrier layer
- a5 inorganic barrier layer
- B1 moisture trap layer
- B2 moisture trap layer
- C plastic layer
- the multilayer film of the present invention is not limited to the layer structure described above, and for example, a plurality of multilayer films having the layer structure described above can be adhered to each other.
- gas barrier multilayer film (multilayer film) of the present invention will be explained with the following examples.
- ⁇ Adjustment of coating liquid A> As an ionic polymer, polyallylamine (PAA-15C manufactured by Nittobo Medical, aqueous solution, solid content 15%) was diluted with water to a solid content of 5% by weight to obtain a polymer solution. On the other hand, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was used as a cross-linking agent and dissolved in water to a concentration of 5% by weight to prepare a cross-linking agent solution. Next, the polymer solution and the cross-linking agent solution were mixed so that ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyallylamine.
- PAA-15C manufactured by Nittobo Medical, aqueous solution, solid content 15%
- ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was used as a cross-linking agent and dissolved in water to a concentration of 5% by weight to prepare a cross-link
- a crosslinked product of sodium polyacrylate manufactured by Nihon Exlan Kogyo Co., Ltd., Tuftic HU-820E, water dispersion, solid content 13%, average particle diameter D 50 : 70 nm), so that it becomes 400 parts by weight with respect to polyallylamine.
- water was added to adjust the solid content to 5%, and the mixture was well stirred to prepare a coating liquid A for the moisture trapping layer.
- Example 1 A biaxially stretched PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was used as a plastic layer (x) (x in FIG. 1), and on one side thereof (x in FIG. 1), an inorganic barrier layer (a1) of silicon oxide was formed using a plasma CVD apparatus ( a1) in 1 was formed to obtain a base layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 1). Film forming conditions are shown below.
- a CVD apparatus having a high-frequency oscillator with a frequency of 27.12 MHz, a matching box, a metallic cylindrical plasma processing chamber with a diameter of 300 mm and a height of 450 mm, and an oil rotary vacuum pump for evacuating the processing chamber was used.
- a plastic substrate is placed on a parallel flat plate in the processing chamber, and after introducing 3 sccm of hexamethyldisiloxane and 45 sccm of oxygen, a high frequency wave is oscillated with an output of 50 W from a high frequency oscillator to form a film for 2 seconds to form an adhesion layer. bottom.
- the obtained substrate layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 1), which is an inorganic barrier layer-coated PET film, had a moisture permeability of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 measured in an atmosphere of 40° C. and 90% RH. /day.
- the coating liquid A prepared under the conditions described above was applied onto the PET surface of the substrate layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 1) having the inorganic barrier layer (a1) prepared previously. .
- the film after application is heat-treated in a box-type electric oven under conditions of a peak temperature of 120 ° C. and a peak temperature holding time of 10 seconds to form a moisture trap layer (B1) (B1 in FIG. 1) having a thickness of 4 ⁇ m, A coating film (i) (11 in FIG. 1) was obtained.
- the obtained coating film (i) was quickly transferred into a glove box adjusted to a nitrogen concentration of 99.95% or higher.
- a 12 ⁇ m thick industrial PET film is used as a plastic layer (C) (C in FIG. 1), and this is passed through a 4 ⁇ m thick urethane adhesive layer (D) (D in FIG. 1) to form the coating. It was dry-laminated on the moisture trapping layer (B1) (B1 in FIG. 1) of the film (i). In order to cure the adhesive layer (D) so as not to absorb moisture, it was aged at 50° C. for 3 days under vacuum to obtain a multilayer film 1 (12 in FIG. 1) having a layer structure as shown in FIG. .
- Example 2 A substrate layer (A1) having an inorganic barrier layer (a2) was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the high-frequency output of the film forming conditions shown in Example 1 was changed to 300 W.
- the obtained base layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 2) had a moisture permeability of 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 g/m 2 /day measured in an atmosphere of 40° C. and 90% RH.
- a coating film (ii) was coated on the inorganic barrier layer (a2) on the opposite side of the base layer (A1) from the PET by using a bar coater.
- a multilayer film 2 (22 in FIG. 2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 A biaxially stretched PET film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was used for the plastic layer (x), and an inorganic barrier layer (a1) of silicon oxide was formed on both sides of the film using a plasma CVD apparatus under the film forming conditions of Example 1. An inorganic barrier layer (a2) of silicon oxide was formed under the film-forming conditions of Example 2 to obtain a substrate layer (A1).
- the obtained base layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 3) had a moisture permeability of 9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 g/m 2 /day measured in an atmosphere of 40° C. and 90% RH.
- a coating film (iii) 31 in FIG.
- a moisture trapping layer (B1) is formed by coating the coating liquid A onto the inorganic barrier layer (a2) using a bar coater, the moisture trapping layer (B1) ( A PET film having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m was dry-laminated on B1) in FIG. 32) was obtained.
- Example 4 In Example 1, instead of the PET film having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m used for the plastic layer (C), a base layer (A2) having a moisture permeability of 0.15 g/m 2 / in an atmosphere of 40° C. and 90% RH was used.
- the inorganic barrier layer (a4) side of a commercially available barrier film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical, Techbarrier LS) which is day is dry-laminated on the moisture trap layer (B1) of the coating film (i) (41 in FIG. 4).
- a multilayer film 4 (42 in FIG. 4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the above.
- Example 5 Two substrate layers (A1) obtained in Example 1 were used, and one of them was used as a substrate instead of the 12 ⁇ m thick PET film used for the plastic layer (C) in Example 1. Using the layer (A1), dry lamination is performed on the moisture trap layer (B1) of the coating film (i) (51 in FIG. 5) via the adhesive layer (D) on the inorganic barrier layer (a1) side. A multilayer film 5 (52 in FIG. 5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except for the above.
- Example 1 The base layer (A1) (A1 in FIG. 6) prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the high-frequency output in the film forming conditions shown in Example 1 was changed to 300 W, had a water permeability of 40.
- a multilayer film 6 (62 in FIG. 6) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the density was adjusted to 2.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g/m 2 /day in an atmosphere of 90° C. and RH.
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Abstract
Description
1.基材層(A1)と、水分トラップ層(B1)と、外層(Q)とをこの順序に含み、
基材層(A1)は、プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)からなる群より選ばれる層を有し、
基材層(A1)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)が1×10-3g/m2/day未満である、
ガスバリア性多層フィルム。
2.基材層(A1)は、
(α)水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有するか、
(β)水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有するか、または
(γ)前記(α)および(β)を具備する、
前項1に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
3.前記外層(Q)は、プラスチック層(C)、基材層(A1)および基材層(A2)からなる群より選ばれる層であり、基材層(A2)は、プラスチック層(y)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a4)を有する層である前項1または2に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
4.基材層(A1)の水分トラップ層(B1)の反対側の面に、更に水分トラップ層(B2)を含む前項1または2に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
5.水分トラップ層(B2)の基材層(A1)の反対側の面に、更に接着剤層(D)および基材層(A3)をこの順に含み、基材層(A3)は、プラスチック層(z)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a5)を有する層である前項4に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
6.プラスチック層(C)の水分トラップ層(B1)側の表面に、更に無機バリア層(a3)を含む前項1~5の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
7.水分トラップ層(B1)の外層(Q)側の表面に、更に接着剤層(D)を含む前項1~6の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
8.前記無機バリア層(a1)~(a5)は、金属酸化物膜である前項1~7の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
9.前記プラスチック層(x)~(z)は、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む前項1~8の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
10.前記水分トラップ層(B1)および前記水分トラップ層(B2)は共に、イオン性ポリマー(i)中に吸湿剤(ii)が分散された樹脂組成物を含有する前項1~9の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
11.前記プラスチック層(C)が、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む前項1~10の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
基材層(A1)は、プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)からなる群より選ばれる層を有し、
基材層(A1)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)が1×10-3g/m2/day未満である、
ガスバリア性多層フィルムである。
基材層(A1)は、プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)からなる群より選ばれる層を有する。
プラスチック層(x)は、後述する無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)の下地となるものであり、通常、熱可塑性或いは熱硬化性の樹脂により、その形態に応じて、射出乃至共射出成形、押出乃至共押出成形、フィルム乃至シート成形、圧縮成形性、注型重合等により成形される。
プラスチック層(x)が、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
基材層(A1)は、プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に無機バリア層を有する。基材層(A1)には、以下の態様α、態様βまたは態様γがある。
態様αは、基材層(A1)において、水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有する態様である。
態様βは、基材層(A1)において、水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有する態様である。
態様γは、前記(α)および(β)を具備する態様、すなわち基材層(A1)において、水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有し、水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有する態様である。
基材層(A1)が、プラスチック層(x)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)または無機バリア層(a2)を有する場合、基材層(A1)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)は、好ましくは1×10-3g/m2/day未満であり、より好ましくは8×10-4g/m2/day未満、さらに好ましくは5×10-4g/m2/day未満である。
基材層(A1)が、プラスチック層(x)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有し、他方の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有する場合、基材層(A1)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)は、好ましくは8×10-4g/m2/day未満であり、より好ましくは5×10-4g/m2/day未満、さらに好ましくは3×10-4g/m2/day未満である。
無機バリア層(a1)、無機バリア層(a2)はそれぞれ、各種金属や、金属酸化物若しくは有機物を含む金属酸化物により形成される膜であることが、高い酸素バリア性を確保できると言う点で好適である。特に、凹凸を有する面にも均一に成膜され、酸素のみならず水分に対しても優れたバリア性を発揮するという点で、プラズマCVD若しくはゾルーゲルプロセスにより形成されていることが好ましい。無機バリア層(a1)、無機バリア層(a2)は金属酸化物膜若しくは有機物を含む金属酸化物であることが好ましい。
前記外層(Q)は、本発明の多層フィルムを電子デバイスに貼り付ける場合、電子デバイスとは反対側の層である。前記外層(Q)は、プラスチック層(C)、基材層(A1)および基材層(A2)からなる群より選ばれる層である。本発明では、外層(Q)として前記基材層(A1)と同じ層を用いる態様がある。すなわち同じ基材層(A1)を2層用いる態様がある。基材層(A2)およびプラスチック層(C)は後述する。
基材層(A2)は、プラスチック層(y)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a4)を有する。
本発明では、後述する態様γの(7)および(8)に示すように、水分トラップ層(B1)の基材層(A1)の反対側の面に、更に接着剤層(D)および基材層(A2)をこの順に含むことが出来る。
プラスチック層(y)の材質、厚みは、プラスチック層(x)の項で述べたものを採用することができる。プラスチック層(y)の材質、厚みは、プラスチック層(x)と同じでも異なっていても良い。
無機バリア層(a4)の特性、材質、厚み、製造方法は、無機バリア層(a1)と無機バリア層(a2)の項で述べたものを採用することができる。無機バリア層(a4)の特性、材質、厚み、製造方法は、無機バリア層(a1)若しくは無機バリア層(a2)と同じでも異なっていても良い。
無機バリア層(a4)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)は、必ずしも1×10-3g/m2/day未満である必要は無い。
基材層(A3)は、プラスチック層(z)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a5)を有する。
本発明では、後述する態様γの(5)~(8)、(11)~(12)に示すように、後述する水分トラップ層(B2)の基材層(A1)の反対側の面に、更に接着剤層(D)および基材層(A3)をこの順に含み、基材層(A3)は、プラスチック層(z)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a5)を有することが出来る。態様γの(6)は、(5)において基材層(A3)を反転させた態様である。態様γの(8)は、(7)において基材層(A3)を反転させた態様である。
無機バリア層(a5)の特性、材質、厚み、製造方法は、無機バリア層(a1)と無機バリア層(a2)の項で述べたものを採用することができる。無機バリア層(a5)の特性、材質、厚み、製造方法は、無機バリア層(a1)若しくは無機バリア層(a2)と同じでも異なっていても良い。無機バリア層(a5)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)は、必ずしも1×10-3g/m2/day未満である必要は無い。
本発明の多層フィルムには、基材層(A1)を構成する無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)以外の無機バリア層(a3)、無機バリア層(a4)、無機バリア層(a5)を含有する態様がある。
無機バリア層(a3)は、プラスチック層(C)を下地として形成される層である。
無機バリア層(a3)は、プラスチック層(C)の水分トラップ層(B1)側の表面に形成することが出来る。
本発明において、水分トラップ層(B1)は、このガスバリア性多層フィルムの厚み方向に流れる水分を遮断するものである。
水分トラップ層(B1)は、イオン性ポリマーにより形成することが好ましい。水分トラップ層(B1)は、イオン性ポリマーをマトリックスとし、このマトリックス中にイオン性ポリマーよりも到達湿度が低い吸湿剤を分散させることにより形成することが好ましい。このようなイオン性ポリマーをマトリックスとするものは、水分捕捉性が優れ、さらに到達湿度が低い吸湿剤が分散されているものはイオン性ポリマーによって吸収された水分を吸湿剤に移行させて吸湿水分を吸湿剤内に閉じ込めることができ、トラップ層内で透過水分を完全に補足することができる。また、トラップ層に水分吸収に起因する膨潤などの変形を有効に回避することができる。
カチオン性ポリマー中のカチオン性基量は、一般に、このポリマーの吸水率(JISK-7209-1984)が湿度80%RHおよび30℃雰囲気下において20%以上、特に30~45%となるような量であればよい。
アニオン性ポリマー中のアニオン性官能基量は、官能基の種類によっても異なるが、前述したカチオン性ポリマーと同様、ポリマーの吸水率(JISK-7209-1984)が湿度80%RHおよび30℃雰囲気下において20%以上、特に30~45%となるような量であればよい。
吸湿剤は、イオン性ポリマーによって吸収された水分を吸湿剤に移行させて吸湿水分を吸湿剤内に閉じ込めることができる。また、上記のイオン性ポリマーの膨潤による変形を防止することができる。吸湿剤は、前記イオン性ポリマーよりも到達湿度が低いことが好ましい。このような吸湿剤としては、例えば、湿度80%RHおよび温度30℃の環境条件での到達湿度が6%以下のものを挙げることができる。即ち、この吸湿剤の到達湿度がイオン性ポリマーよりも高いと、マトリックスに吸収された水分の閉じ込めが十分でなく、水分の放出等を生じ易くなるが、イオン性ポリマーよりも到達湿度の低い吸湿剤がイオン性ポリマー中に配合されている場合には、低湿度雰囲気でも水分を効果的にトラップすることができるばかりか、イオン性ポリマーに吸収された水分を該吸湿剤により捕捉することができるため、水分の放出を抑制し、高い水分バリア性を発揮させることができる。
無機系の吸湿剤としては、ゼオライト、アルミナ、活性炭、モンモリロナイト等の粘土鉱物、シリカゲル、酸化カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウムなどを挙げることができる。
有機系の吸湿剤としては、アニオン系ポリマー若しくはその部分中和物の架橋物を挙げることができる。このアニオン系ポリマーとしては、カルボン酸系単量体((メタ)アクリル酸や無水マレイン酸など)、スルホン酸系単量体(ハロゲン化ビニルスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸、ビニルスルホン酸など)、ホスホン酸系単量体(ビニルリン酸など)およびこれら単量体の塩類等に代表されるアニオン性単量体の少なくとも1種を、重合或いは他の単量体と共重合させて得られるものを挙げることができる。特に透明性が求められる用途においては、有機系の吸湿剤が有効である。例えば、架橋ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸Naの微細粒子などが代表的な有機系吸湿剤である。
即ち、有機系ポリマーの吸湿剤は、イオン性ポリマーのマトリックスに対する分散性が極めて良好であり、均一に分散させることができるばかりか、これを製造するための重合法として乳化重合や懸濁重合などを採用することにより、その粒子形状を微細で且つ揃った球形状とすることができ、これをある程度以上配合することにより、極めて高い透明性を確保することが可能となる。
このような有機系の吸湿剤の微粒子としては、例えば架橋ポリアクリル酸Na微粒子(平均粒子径約70nm)がコロイド分散液(pH=10.4)の形で日本エクスラン工業株式会社よりタフチックHU-820Eの商品名で販売されている。
例えば、カチオン性ポリマー中に上記の吸湿剤を分散させて水分トラップ層(B1)を形成する場合には、一般に、カチオン性ポリマー100重量部当り、50重量部以上、特に100~900重量部の量で存在することが好ましく、更には200~600重量部の量であることがより好ましい。また、アニオン性ポリマー中に吸湿剤を分散させる場合には、アニオン性ポリマー100重量部当り、50重量部以上、特に100~1300重量部の量で存在することが好ましく、更には150~1200重量部の量であることがより好ましい。
また、上記のようなイオン性ポリマーを用いて形成される水分トラップ層(B1)では、イオン性ポリマーに架橋構造が導入されていることが好適である。即ち、イオン性ポリマー中に架橋構造が導入されていると、水を吸収したとき、イオン性ポリマーの分子が架橋によって互いに拘束されることとなり、膨潤(水分吸収)による体積変化を抑制し、機械的強度や寸法安定性の向上がもたらされる。
このような架橋構造は、水分トラップ層(B1)を形成するための塗布組成物中に架橋剤を配合しておくことにより導入することができる。特にアニオン性ポリマーの場合、カチオン性ポリマーとは異なって、水素結合による水の補足のみなので、吸湿に適した空間の網目構造(架橋構造)をマトリックス中に導入することにより、その吸湿性を大きく高めることができる。
X-SiR1 n(OR2)3-n (1)
式中、Xは、末端にエポキシ基を有する有機基であり、R1およびR2は、それぞれ独立に、メチル基、エチル基、もしくはイソプロピル基であり、nは、0、1、もしくは2である。
しかも、カチオン性ポリマーはアルカリ性であり、この結果、カチオン性ポリマーを含むコーティング組成物を塗布して水分トラップ層(B1)を形成する際、カチオン性基とエポキシ基の付加反応やシラノール基間の脱水縮合も速やかに促進され、容易に架橋構造を導入することができる。
また、上記式(1)中のエポキシ基が、エポキシシクロヘキシル基のような脂環式エポキシ基であるものも架橋剤として好適である。例えば、β-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチルトリメトキシシランのような脂環式エポキシ基を有する化合物を架橋剤として使用した場合には、マトリックスの架橋構造中に、シロキサン構造と共に、脂環構造が導入される。このような脂環構造の導入は、吸湿に適した空間の網目構造を形成するというマトリックスの機能を更に効果的に発揮させることができる。
G-O(C=O)-A-(C=O)O-G (2)
式中、Gは、グリシジル基であり、Aは、脂肪族環を有する2価の炭化水素基、例えばシクロアルキレン基である。
G-O(C=O)-A-(C=O)O-G (2)
式中、Gは、グリシジル基であり、Aは、脂肪族環を有する2価の炭化水素基、例えばシクロアルキレン基である、
特に、上記のジグリシジルエステルの中でも好適なものは、先にも挙げられており、特に、吸湿に適した空間の網目構造を形成できるという観点から、先の式(2-1)で表されるジグリシジルエステルが最も好適である。
水分トラップ層(B1)には、アンカーコート層、トップコート層を有していても良い。
アンカーコート層、トップコート層は、公知の技術を使用することが出来る。アンカーコート層を形成する層としては、例えば、ウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエーテル系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂、メラミン系樹脂から選ばれる少なくとも一種からなる有機層であり、望ましくは、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂から形成される。これらの樹脂に架橋構造を導入しても良い。更に、バリア性を向上させる無機フィラーや、シラン系化合物が加えられた有機層であっても良い。トップコート層を形成する層としては、例えば、ウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリエーテル系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂、メラミン系樹脂から選ばれる少なくとも一種からなる有機層であり、望ましくは、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂から形成される。これらの樹脂に架橋構造を導入しても良い。更に、屈折率を調節する金属酸化物や、バリア性を向上させる無機フィラーや、シラン系化合物が加えられた有機層であっても良い。
また、上記のようなコーティング組成物を他の有機フィルムに塗布し、同様にして水分トラップ層(B1)を形成した後、ドライラミネート接着剤等を用いて、この水分トラップ層(B1)を、基材層(A1)に接着させることにより形成することもできる。
本発明においては、後述する態様αの(3)、(4)、(6)、(8)や、後述する態様βの(3)、(4)、(6)、(8)や、後述する態様γの(3)~(8)、(11)~(12)に示すように、基材層(A1)の水分トラップ層(B1)の反対側の面に、更に水分トラップ層(B2)を含むことが出来る。
水分トラップ層(B2)は、水分遮断性を示すものであれば、特に制限されず、所定の樹脂層中にゼオライト等の吸湿剤を分散させたものなど、それ自体公知の層であってよい。また水分トラップ層(B2)は、水分トラップ層(B1)と同じ材質の層であっても良い。水分トラップ層(B1)および前記水分トラップ層(B2)は共に、カチオン性ポリマー(i)中に吸湿剤(ii)が分散された樹脂組成物を含有することが好ましい。
プラスチック層(C)は、前述のプラスチック層(x)の項で説明した材質および厚さの層を採用することができる。プラスチック層(C)は、前述のプラスチック層(x)と同じ材質でも異なる材質でもよい。プラスチック層(C)は、前述のプラスチック層(x)と同じ厚さでも異なる厚さでもよい。プラスチック層(C)は、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含むことが好ましい。
本発明の多層フィルムにおいては、水分トラップ層(B1)のプラスチック層(C)側の表面に、更に接着剤層(D)を含むことが好ましい。
本発明の多層フィルムは、
(1)プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に蒸着により無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)からなる群より選ばれる層を形成し基材層(A1)を形成する工程、
(2)基材層(A1)に、水分トラップ層(B1)を形成する樹脂組成物をコーティングした後、硬化させる工程、および
(3)得られた多層フィルムに、接着剤層(D)を形成する接着剤をコーティングした後、外層(Q)を積層する工程、
により製造することができる。
プラスチック層(x)、蒸着、無機バリア層(a)、基材層(A1)、水分トラップ層(B1)、接着剤層(D)、外層(Q)は前述の通りである。
本発明の多層フィルムは、電子デバイスの封止材として使用される。例えば、感圧接着剤などを用いて、この多層フィルムをデバイスに貼付け、該デバイスを封じることにより、このデバイス内部を乾燥状態に保持することができる。若しくは、電子デバイスの基材として、例えば、本発明の多層フィルム上に、電子デバイスを直接積層して使用される。
本発明の多層フィルムが適用される電子デバイスとしては、特に制限されず、有機EL素子、太陽電池、タッチパネル、電子パネルなど、特に水分による電荷のリークを嫌う有機デバイスなど、種々の電子デバイスに適用することができる。
基材層(A1)には、以下の態様がある。
態様α:水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有する態様である。
態様β:水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有する態様である。
態様γ:前記態様(α)および態様(β)を具備する態様、すなわち水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有し、水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有する態様である。
(1) a1/x/B1/D/C
(2) a1/x/B1/D/a3/C
(3)B2/a1/x/B1/D/C
(4)B2/a1/x/B1/D/a3/C
(5) a1/x/B1/D/a1/x
(6)B2/a1/x/B1/D/a1/x
(7) a1/x/B1/D/a4/y
(8)B2/a1/x/B1/D/a4/y
(1) x/a2/B1/D/C
(2) x/a2/B1/D/a3/C
(3)B2/x/a2/B1/D/C
(4)B2/x/a2/B1/D/a3/C
(5) x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
(6)B2/x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
(7) x/a2/B1/D/a4/y
(8)B2/x/a2/B1/D/a4/y
(1) a1/x/a2/B1/D/C
(2) a1/x/a2/B1/D/a3/C
(3) B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/C
(4) B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a3/C
(5) a5/z/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/C
(6) z/a5/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/C
(7) a5/z/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a4/y
(8) z/a5/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a4/y
(9) a1/x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
(10) B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
(11)a5/z/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
(12)z/a5/D/B2/a1/x/a2/B1/D/a1/x
A1:基材層(a1/x、x/a2またはa1/x/a2)
A2:基材層(a4/y)
A3:基材層(a5/zまたはz/a5)
x:プラスチック層
y:プラスチック層
z:プラスチック層
a1:無機バリア層
a2:無機バリア層
a3:無機バリア層
a4:無機バリア層
a5:無機バリア層
B1:水分トラップ層
B2:水分トラップ層
C:プラスチック層
水蒸気透過度測定装置「HiBarSens 2.0(ドイツ,SEMPA社)」を使用し、温度40℃、相対湿度90%の条件下で測定した。本装置では測定サンプルのバリア性能によってモードを切り替えながら測定を実施する。1×10-4g/m2/day以上の水蒸気透過度の測定はCarrier Gas modeを用い、1×10-4g/m2/day未満の測定は、高いバリア性能を正確に評価するため、より高感度測定に適したCombination modeにて実施した。
イオン性ポリマーとしてポリアリルアミン(ニットーボーメディカル製、PAA-15C、水溶液品、固形分15%)を、固形分5重量%になるように水で希釈し、ポリマー溶液を得た。一方、架橋剤として、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランを用い、5重量%になるように水に溶かして架橋剤溶液を調製した。次いで、ポリアリルアミン100重量部に対してγ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシランが15重量部になるように、ポリマー溶液と架橋剤溶液とを混合し、さらに、この混合溶液に、粒状吸湿剤として、ポリアクリル酸Naの架橋物(日本エクスラン工業製、タフチックHU-820E、水分散品、固形分13%、平均粒径D50:70nm)を、ポリアリルアミンに対して400重量部になるように加え、更に固形分が5%になるよう水で調整した上で良く撹拌し、水分トラップ層用のコーティング液Aを調製した。
厚さ100μmの2軸延伸PET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルムをプラスチック層(x)として、(図1中のx)その片面に、プラズマCVD装置を用いて、酸化ケイ素の無機バリア層(a1)(図1中のa1)を形成し、基材層(A1)(図1中のA1)を得た。以下に、製膜条件を示す。
実施例1において示された製膜条件の高周波出力を300Wに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で製膜された無機バリア層(a2)を有する基材層(A1)を作成した。得られた基材層(A1)(図2中のA1)は、40℃90%RH雰囲気下で測定した水分透過率が、8×10-4g/m2/dayであった。実施例1に示されたコーティングフィルム(i)の代わりに、コーティング液Aをバーコーターにより、基材層(A1)のPETと反対側の無機バリア層(a2)上に塗布したコーティングフィルム(ii)(図2中の21)を用い、実施例1と同様の方法で多層フィルム2(図2中の22)を得た。
プラスチック層(x)に厚さ100μmの2軸延伸PETフィルムを使用し、その両面に、プラズマCVD装置を用いて、実施例1の製膜条件で酸化ケイ素の無機バリア層(a1)を、実施例2の製膜条件で酸化ケイ素の無機バリア層(a2)をそれぞれ形成し、基材層(A1)を得た。得られた基材層(A1)(図3中のA1)は、40℃90%RH雰囲気下で測定した水分透過率が、9×10-5g/m2/dayであった。コーティング液Aをバーコーターにより、無機バリア層(a2)上へ塗布して水分トラップ層(B1)を形成したコーティングフィルム(iii)(図3中の31)を用い、水分トラップ層(B1)(図3中のB1)上に厚さ12μmのPETフィルムをプラスチック層(C)として接着剤層(D)を介して実施例1と同様の方法でドライラミネートし、多層フィルム3(図3中の32)を得た。
実施例1において、プラスチック層(C)に使用した厚さ12μmのPETフィルムの代わりに、基材層(A2)として、40℃90%RH雰囲気下の水分透過率が0.15g/m2/dayである市販のバリアフィルム(三菱ケミカル製、テックバリアLS)の無機バリア層(a4)側を、前記コーティングフィルム(i)(図4中の41)の水分トラップ層(B1)上にドライラミネートした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で多層フィルム4(図4中の42)を得た。
実施例1において得られた基材層(A1)を2枚使用し、その内の1枚を、実施例1におけるプラスチック層(C)に使用した厚さ12μmのPETフィルムの代わりに、基材層(A1)を使用して、無機バリア層(a1)側に接着剤層(D)を介して前記コーティングフィルム(i)(図5中の51)の水分トラップ層(B1)上にドライラミネートした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で多層フィルム5(図5中の52)を得た。
実施例1において示された製膜条件の高周波出力を300Wに変更した以外は、実施例1と同じ条件で作成された基材層(A1)(図6中のA1)の水分透過率が40℃90%RH雰囲気下で2.1×10-3g/m2/dayとなるようにした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で多層フィルム6(図6中の62)を得た。
上記で作製された試料のラミネート積層体について、前述した方法で40℃90%RH雰囲気下の水分透過率を測定し、その結果を、表1に示した。実施例1~5では比較例1と異なり、多層フィルムの40℃90%RH雰囲気下の水分透過率は1×10-6g/m2/day未満となった。
12 ガスバリア性多層フィルム1
21 コーティングフィルム(ii)
22 ガスバリア性多層フィルム2
31 コーティングフィルム(iii)
32 ガスバリア性多層フィルム3
41 コーティングフィルム(iv)
42 ガスバリア性多層フィルム4
51 コーティングフィルム(v)
52 ガスバリア性多層フィルム5
61 コーティングフィルム(vi)
62 ガスバリア性多層フィルム6
A1 基材層
A2 基材層
x プラスチック層
y プラスチック層
a1 無機バリア層
a2 無機バリア層
a4 無機バリア層
B1 水分トラップ層
C プラスチック層
D 接着剤層
Claims (11)
- 基材層(A1)と、水分トラップ層(B1)と、外層(Q)とをこの順序に含み、
基材層(A1)は、プラスチック層(x)の少なくとも一方の面に無機バリア層(a1)および無機バリア層(a2)からなる群より選ばれる層を有し、
基材層(A1)の水分透過率(40℃、RH90%)が1×10-3g/m2/day未満である、
ガスバリア性多層フィルム。 - 基材層(A1)は、
(α)水分トラップ層(B1)と反対側の面に無機バリア層(a1)を有するか、
(β)水分トラップ層(B1)側の面に無機バリア層(a2)を有するか、または
(γ)前記(α)および(β)を具備する、
請求項1に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。 - 前記外層(Q)は、プラスチック層(C)、基材層(A1)および基材層(A2)からなる群より選ばれる層であり、基材層(A2)は、プラスチック層(y)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a4)を有する層である請求項1または2に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 基材層(A1)の水分トラップ層(B1)の反対側の面に、更に水分トラップ層(B2)を含む請求項1または2に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 水分トラップ層(B2)の基材層(A1)の反対側の面に、更に接着剤層(D)および基材層(A3)をこの順に含み、基材層(A3)は、プラスチック層(z)の一方の面に無機バリア層(a5)を有する層である請求項4に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- プラスチック層(C)の水分トラップ層(B1)側の表面に、更に無機バリア層(a3)を含む請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 水分トラップ層(B1)の外層(Q)側の表面に、更に接着剤層(D)を含む請求項1~6の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 前記無機バリア層(a1)~(a5)は、金属酸化物膜である請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック層(x)~(z)は、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 前記水分トラップ層(B1)および前記水分トラップ層(B2)は共に、イオン性ポリマー(i)中に吸湿剤(ii)が分散された樹脂組成物を含有する請求項1~9の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック層(C)が、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂または環状オレフィン系樹脂を含む請求項1~10の何れか一項に記載のガスバリア性多層フィルム。
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- 2022-06-16 EP EP22860942.6A patent/EP4393697A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-16 WO PCT/JP2022/024152 patent/WO2023026648A1/ja active Application Filing
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KR20240042034A (ko) | 2024-04-01 |
TW202309163A (zh) | 2023-03-01 |
US20240326391A1 (en) | 2024-10-03 |
EP4393697A1 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
JP2023030650A (ja) | 2023-03-08 |
CN117529402A (zh) | 2024-02-06 |
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