WO2023018317A1 - 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a manufacturing method thereof.
- This application is an application claiming priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0107659 filed on August 13, 2021, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated into this application by reference.
- Lithium secondary batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging are in the limelight as an alternative to fossil energy.
- Lithium secondary batteries have been mainly used in traditional handheld devices such as mobile phones, video cameras, and power tools.
- EV electric vehicles
- HEV high-capacity power storage devices
- UPS uninterruptible power supply systems
- a lithium secondary battery is an electrode assembly in which unit cells having a structure in which a positive electrode plate coated with an active material and a negative electrode plate are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween, and an exterior material for sealing and housing the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte, that is, a battery case to provide Lithium composite transition metal oxides are used as cathode active materials for lithium secondary batteries, and among them, lithium cobalt oxide of LiCoO 2 , lithium manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 or LiMn 2 O 4 , etc.), lithium iron phosphate compound (LiFePO 4 ) or LiNiO 2 and the like are mainly used.
- nickel manganese-based lithium composite metal oxide in which a part of nickel is replaced with manganese having excellent thermal stability and NCM-based lithium substituted with manganese and cobalt A composite transition metal oxide, NCA-based lithium composite transition metal oxide substituted with cobalt and aluminum, and NCMA-based lithium composite transition metal oxide substituted with cobalt, manganese, and aluminum are used.
- Ni-based lithium cathode active material using Ni is prepared by mixing a lithium source and a precursor, firing them at a high temperature, and then firing them together with H 3 BO 3 at a low temperature to coat the surface with B.
- this manufacturing method has limitations in improving the high-temperature lifespan and resistance increase rate of the positive electrode active material, so improvement is required.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery capable of improving the high-temperature lifespan and resistance increase rate of the cathode active material and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the cathode active material according to the present invention includes a lithium boron compound coating layer on the surface of a cathode active material powder for a lithium secondary battery, and the coating layer has a peak intensity ratio between any two peaks in the ToF-SIMS spectrum corresponding to that of LiBO 2 material. Characterized in that it is equal to within ⁇ 50% of the peak intensity ratio.
- the coating layer may have an intensity ratio of 4.3 ⁇ 50% between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 156.85 to 156.95 of the ToF-SIMS spectrum and the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 153.05 to 153.15.
- the coating layer may have an intensity ratio of 9.9 ⁇ 50% between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the ToF-SIMS spectrum mass 182.85 to 182.95 and the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 179.05 to 179.15.
- a method for manufacturing a positive electrode active material includes a first firing step of mixing a lithium source and a precursor and then heat-treating; A second firing step of mixing a first B source with the fired product by the first firing and then heat-treating to form a surface protective layer on the fired product; A water washing step of removing unreacted residual lithium from the surface of the fired product by the second firing; and a coating step of drying the washed product by the water washing and heat-treating it together with the second B source.
- the precursor may be a high-content Ni-based lithium transition metal oxide, and the nickel content of the precursor may be 70 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of the transition metal.
- the heat treatment temperature during the first firing may be 0.75 to 1.5 times the heat treatment temperature during the second firing.
- the water washing step may be carried out by mixing and stirring the fired product: water content at a weight ratio of 50 to 200%.
- the first B source or the second B source is one of H 3 BO 3 , H 4 BO 4 , B 2 O 3 , LiBO 2 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , B 4 C, AlBO 2 , and AlB 2 O 4
- the above may be used singly or in combination.
- a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery having improved high-temperature lifespan, resistance increase rate, and output characteristics is provided.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention it is possible to manufacture a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery with improved high-temperature lifespan and resistance increase rate of the cathode active material by adjusting the B coating/doping time during the firing process.
- an effect of improving the reactivity between the B source and the positive electrode active material can be obtained by adding the B source during secondary firing, but by making the input timing different from that of the lithium source.
- the B element coating layer generated during firing may occur during the washing process of the cathode active material. It has the effect of suppressing surface deterioration.
- the surface of the cathode active material and the reactivity with B are changed to improve the high-temperature lifespan, resistance increase rate, and low-temperature output characteristics of the cathode active material. .
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a cathode active material according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of a capacity retention rate and a resistance increase rate according to an increase in the number of cycles.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a cathode active material according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a method for manufacturing a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention will be described.
- a first firing step of mixing the lithium source and the precursor and heat-treating is performed (step S10).
- a cathode active material for a lithium secondary battery is synthesized.
- it can be prepared to be an NCM-based lithium composite transition metal oxide.
- the cathode active material prepared in the present invention is a NCM-based lithium composite transition metal oxide, but other types of cathode active materials used in lithium secondary batteries can also be prepared according to the present invention.
- the precursor may be obtained by mixing and reacting an aqueous solution of a nickel compound, a cobalt compound, a manganese compound, or the like as a raw material and a basic solution together to obtain a reaction precipitate, and drying and heat-treating the precipitate. It may be a precursor that is indicated.
- the precursor may be one capable of preparing a high content of Ni-based lithium transition metal oxide, and the nickel content of the precursor may be 70 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of the transition metal.
- the lithium source may be a lithium compound such as Li 2 CO 3 or LiOH ⁇ H 2 O.
- the fired product manufactured through the first firing step (S10) may be, for example, a lithium composite transition metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 2 below.
- M 1 is one or more selected from the group consisting of Zr, W, Mg, Ce, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, F, P, and S, and 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2 0.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.99, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.3, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.3, 0.01 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.1, 0 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.1.
- the lithium composite transition metal oxide may be LiNi 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 O 2 .
- the B source is not mixed.
- Heat treatment at the time of the first firing may be performed in an oxygen concentration range of 21 to 100%.
- the heat treatment during the first firing may be 0.75 to 1.5 times the heat treatment temperature during the second firing to be performed thereafter.
- An appropriate heat treatment temperature may vary within the above range depending on the NCM element content.
- the heat treatment at the time of the primary firing may proceed at 500 to 900 ° C. A sufficient reaction may not occur below 500 °C. If the temperature exceeds 900 ° C., there is a concern that performance degradation may occur due to thermal decomposition of the positive electrode active material.
- a secondary firing step of forming a surface protection layer on the fired product by mixing the first B source with the fired product by the first firing and heat-treating is performed (step S20).
- the temperature is lowered, and then the heat treatment of the second firing may be performed by adding the first B source to the fired product.
- the B source is not mixed during the first firing (step S10), and then the B source is divided into two parts.
- the first input time is the second firing step (step S20). At this time, the input B source is referred to as a first B source.
- the first B source is a raw material for coating/doping, and is selected from H 3 BO 3 , H 4 BO 4 , B 2 O 3 , LiBO 2 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , B 4 C, AlBO 2 , and AlB 2 O 4 .
- One or more may be used singly or in combination.
- the method of mixing the first B source with the fired product by the primary firing may be performed in a solid or liquid phase method. As a solid or liquid method, methods such as mixing, milling, spray drying, and grinding may be used. It is preferably carried out in a dry, solid-state manner.
- Heat treatment during the secondary firing may be performed in an oxygen concentration range of 21 to 100%.
- the heat treatment during the secondary firing may also be performed at 500 to 900 ° C, similarly to the heat treatment during the primary firing.
- the surface protective layer may not be smoothly or uniformly formed.
- the positive electrode active material may not maintain its original properties.
- This heat treatment temperature range may vary depending on the NCM element content.
- the heat treatment in the first firing is preferably 0.75 to 1.5 times the heat treatment temperature in the second firing.
- the present invention is characterized in that the firing process is divided into two rather than one time, and the first firing and the second firing are performed.
- the B source was added during the second firing without adding it in the first firing.
- the coating/doping raw material B source is not added at all, and the coating/doping raw material B source is added only in the second firing.
- the first B source introduced during secondary firing causes the fired product to be coated/doped with element B to form a surface protective layer. A portion of the first B source is incorporated into the fired product to be doped, and the remaining portion is positioned on the surface of the fired product to create a B source coating layer, and the B source coating layer serves as the surface protection layer.
- B source is added and coated only in the final stage after completion of firing.
- the surface protective layer formed in the secondary firing suppresses surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material in the subsequent water washing step (S30).
- the surface protection layer is already formed on the surface of the fired product before performing the water washing step (S30), so that the surface deterioration of the positive electrode active material in the water washing step (S30) is suppressed.
- the fired product manufactured through the secondary firing step (S20) may be, for example, a lithium composite transition metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3 below.
- M 1 is one or more selected from the group consisting of Zr, W, Mg, Ce, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, F, P, and S, and 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2 0.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.99, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.3, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.3, 0.01 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.1, 0 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.1.
- step S30 a water washing step of removing unreacted residual lithium from the surface of the fired product by the second firing is performed.
- a water washing step may be required.
- the water washing step may be carried out by mixing and stirring the fired product: water content at a weight ratio of 50 to 200%.
- additives such as LiOH and NaOH may be added.
- the B element coating/doping process is followed to create a surface protective layer on the fired product of the cathode active material, so the B element coating layer created during firing can suppress surface deterioration of the cathode active material that may occur during the water washing process.
- a surface protective layer as in the present invention is not included on the surface of a fired product subjected to water washing.
- step S40 a coating step of drying the washed product by washing with water and heat-treating it together with the second B source is performed.
- the B source is not mixed, and then the B source is added in two portions.
- the first input time point is the previously described secondary firing step (step S20), and the second input time point is the coating step (step S40).
- the B source introduced at this time is referred to as a second B source.
- the second B source is a coating/doping raw material, and is selected from H 3 BO 3 , H 4 BO 4 , B 2 O 3 , LiBO 2 , Li 2 B 4 O 7 , B 4 C, AlBO 2 , and AlB 2 O 4
- One or more may be used singly or in combination.
- the method of mixing the second B source with the dried wash product may be performed in a solid or liquid manner. As a solid or liquid method, methods such as mixing, milling, spray drying, and grinding may be used.
- the heat treatment may be performed in an oxygen concentration range of 21 to 100%.
- the heat treatment of step S40 may be 200 ° C to 400 ° C. At less than 200 ° C, capacity expression may not be smooth. If the temperature exceeds 400 ° C, the high-temperature life may deteriorate, so it is preferable not to exceed 400 ° C.
- the weight of B/weight of cathode active material When the weight of B/weight of cathode active material is less than 200 ppm, the effect of the coating is ineffective. If the weight of B/weight of the cathode active material exceeds 5,000 ppm, an excessive coating layer may be formed, and such an excessive coating layer is not preferable in terms of capacity and resistance.
- the surface of the cathode active material and the reactivity with B may be changed to improve high-temperature lifespan, resistance increase rate, and low-temperature output characteristics of the cathode active material.
- the reactivity between the second source B and the surface of the positive electrode active material in the coating step (S40) is washed with water without including the surface protective layer. It is superior to the reactivity between the surface of the positive electrode active material, which has been deteriorated, and the B source.
- the cathode active material of the present invention which can be produced by the above production method, has the following characteristics.
- the cathode active material according to the present invention includes a lithium boron compound coating layer on the surface of the cathode active material powder for a lithium secondary battery, and the coating layer has a peak intensity ratio between any two peaks in the ToF-SIMS spectrum of ⁇ 50% compared to a corresponding peak intensity ratio in the LiBO 2 material. are the same within a range.
- the cathode active material according to the present invention includes a lithium boron compound coating layer on the surface of the cathode active material powder for a lithium secondary battery, and the coating layer has a peak intensity ratio between any two peaks in the ToF-SIMS spectrum of ⁇ 50 and a corresponding peak intensity ratio in the LiBO 2 material. It may be the same within the % range.
- the cathode active material may be an NCM-based lithium composite transition metal oxide.
- the reactivity with the electrolyte solution should be reduced in order to increase stability in a cycle driving environment.
- the cathode active material according to the present invention includes the coating layer to reduce reactivity with the electrolyte solution, thereby reducing gas generation at high temperatures.
- the cathode active material according to the present invention has improved high-temperature lifespan and resistance increase rate by including the coating layer. In addition, output characteristics are also improved.
- the coating layer may have an intensity ratio of 4.3 ⁇ 50% between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 156.85 to 156.95 of the ToF-SIMS spectrum and the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 153.05 to 153.15.
- 4.3 ⁇ 50% refers to the range between the value obtained by adding and subtracting 2.15, which is 50% of 4.3, to 4.3. That is, from 2.15 to 6.43.
- the coating layer may have an intensity ratio of 9.9 ⁇ 50% between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the ToF-SIMS spectrum mass 182.85 to 182.95 and the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected in the mass 179.05 to 179.15.
- 9.9 ⁇ 50% refers to the range between the value obtained by adding and subtracting 4.95, which is 50% of 9.9, to 9.9. That is, from 4.95 to 14.85.
- the coating layer of the cathode active material according to the present invention not only has peaks in a specific mass range obtained by ToF-SIMS analysis, but also has a predetermined peak intensity ratio between these peaks, and the peak intensity ratio corresponds to that in LiBO 2 material. Equivalent to within ⁇ 50% of the peak intensity ratio.
- the present invention by adjusting the B coating/doping timing during the firing process, the high-temperature lifetime and resistance increase rate of the positive electrode active material and low-temperature output characteristics can be improved.
- the molar ratio of Li: transition metal (Ni, Co, Mn, Al) was mixed at a ratio of 1.03:1, and first fired at 700° C. for 5 hours to prepare a first fired product with LiNi 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 O 2 . Thereafter, the first fired product and the first B source, H 3 BO 3 , were mixed at a weight ratio of 100: 0.86, and then the second fired product was fired at 750° C. for 5 hours. The above-prepared fired product and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 100:100, and stirred for 5 minutes.
- the washing product was filtered with a filter press and vacuum dried at 130 ° C.
- the dried product was mixed with H 3 BO 3 as a second B source in a weight ratio of 100:0.57 and heat-treated at 300° C. for 4 hours to prepare a positive electrode active material coated with B on the surface.
- the molar ratio of Li: transition metal (Ni, Co, Mn, Al) was mixed at a ratio of 1.03:1, and first fired at 700° C. for 5 hours to prepare a first fired product with LiNi 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 O 2 . Thereafter, the second firing was performed at 750° C. for 5 hours without adding any B source.
- the molar ratio of Li: transition metal (Ni, Co, Mn, Al) The mixture was mixed at a ratio of 1.03:1, and first fired at 700° C. for 5 hours to prepare a first fired product with LiNi 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 O 2 . Thereafter, the second firing was performed at 750° C. for 5 hours without adding any B source.
- the above-prepared fired product and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 100:100, and stirred for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the washing product was filtered with a filter press and vacuum dried at 130 ° C. Subsequently, the dry product dried above was mixed with H 3 BO 3 in a weight ratio of 100:0.57 and heat-treated at 300° C. for 4 hours.
- Ni 0.88 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 (OH) 2 + Al(OH) 3 the precursor
- Ni 0.88 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 (OH) 2 and H 3 BO 3 were mixed in a weight ratio of 100: 0.91, and the first firing was performed at 700 ° C for 5 hours, followed by 5 hours at 750 ° C. During the second firing.
- Ni 0.88 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 (OH) 2 + Al(OH) 3 the precursor
- Ni 0.88 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 (OH) 2 and H 3 BO 3 were mixed in a weight ratio of 100: 0.91, and the first firing was performed at 700 ° C for 5 hours, followed by 5 hours at 750 ° C.
- the above-prepared fired product and water were mixed in a weight ratio of 100:100, and stirred for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the washing product was filtered with a filter press and vacuum dried at 130 ° C. Subsequently, the dry product dried above was mixed with H 3 BO 3 in a weight ratio of 100:0.57 and heat-treated at 300° C. for 4 hours.
- the molar ratio of Li: transition metal (Ni, Co, Mn, Al) was mixed at a ratio of 1.03:1, and first fired at 700° C. for 5 hours to prepare a first fired product with LiNi 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 O 2 . Thereafter, the first fired product and H 3 BO 3 were mixed at a weight ratio of 100: 0.86, and then the second fired product was fired at 750° C. for 5 hours.
- Comparative Example 1 (No mixing of cathode active material + B source, 2 steps of firing): Li + NCM(OH) 2 + Al mixing ⁇ 700°C 1st firing ⁇ 750°C 2nd firing
- Comparative Example 2 (No mixing of cathode active material + B source, 2 steps of firing): Li + NCM(OH) 2 + Al mixing ⁇ 700°C 1st firing ⁇ 750°C 2nd firing ⁇ water washing ⁇ drying 130°C ⁇ H 3 BO 3 mixed and coated (300°C)
- Comparative Example 4 (Lithium source and B source mixed together during the first firing): Li + NCM (OH) 2 + Al + H 3 BO 3 Mixing ⁇ 700 °C 1st firing ⁇ 750 °C 2nd firing ⁇ water washing ⁇ Drying 130°C ⁇ Coating by mixing H 3 BO 3 (300°C)
- Comparative Example 5 Li + NCM(OH) 2 + Al mixing ⁇ 700 ° C. 1st firing ⁇ cathode active material + H 3 BO 3 mixing ⁇ 750 ° C. 2nd firing
- Test items were time-dependent change test, coin half cell electrochemical data, monocell low-temperature output data, monocell high-temperature life data, and peak confirmation when B source was added through ToF-SIMS cation analysis.
- ToF-SIMS analysis was performed to confirm the components of the coating layer.
- XRD measurement is used to confirm the material composition and crystal structure, but since the coating layer of the cathode active material has a thickness of several to several tens of nm, it is difficult to detect peaks by XRD measurement.
- the components of the very thin coating layer were confirmed through ToF-SIMS analysis.
- a lithium boron compound coating layer additionally formed on the surface of the positive electrode active material in the examples of the present invention. That is, it was confirmed that a lithium boron compound was additionally formed by the manufacturing method of the present invention.
- the peak (peak 1) with the highest intensity among the peaks detected at mass 156.85 to 156.95 in the example is the peak measured at mass 156.9.
- the peak (peak 2) with the greatest intensity among the peaks detected at mass 153.05 to 153.15 is the peak measured at mass 153.1.
- the mass value is a value measured after calibrating the ToF-SIMS spectrum with Li + , C + , C2 + , and C3 + peaks.
- the intensity ratio between peak 1 and peak 2 is 4.3.
- the intensity ratio between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected at mass 156.85 to 156.95 and the peak with the highest intensity among peaks detected at mass 153.05 to 153.15 in the embodiment of the present invention is 4.3 It can have a value of ⁇ 50%.
- the intensity ratio between the peak measured at mass 156.9 and the peak measured at mass 153.1 is similar to the intensity ratio of the corresponding peak in the LiBO 2 material (ie, the intensity ratio between peak 1 and peak 2 in the LiBO 2 material). Similar is synonymous with being identical within ⁇ 50%. In Comparative Examples 2 and 4, these peaks are observed differently. In Comparative Example 2, the intensity ratio between Peak 1 and Peak 2 was 0.3, and in Comparative Example 4, the intensity ratio between Peak 1 and Peak 2 was 2.0.
- the peak (peak 3) with the greatest intensity among the peaks detected at mass 182.85 to 182.95 in the embodiment is the peak measured at mass 182.9.
- the peak (peak 4) with the greatest intensity is the peak measured at mass 179.1.
- the mass value is a value measured after correcting the ToF-SIMS spectrum with Li + , C + , C2 + , and C3 + peaks.
- the intensity ratio between peak 3 and peak 4 is 9.9.
- the intensity ratio between the peak with the highest intensity among the peaks detected at mass 182.85 to 182.95 and the peak with the highest intensity among peaks detected at mass 179.05 to 179.15 in the embodiment of the present invention is 9.9 It can have a value of ⁇ 50%.
- the intensity ratio between the peak measured at mass 182.9 and the peak measured at mass 179.1 is similar to the intensity ratio of the corresponding peak in the LiBO 2 material (ie, the intensity ratio between peak 3 and peak 4 in the LiBO 2 material). In Comparative Examples 2 and 4, these peaks are observed differently. In Comparative Example 2, the intensity ratio between peaks 3 and 4 was 1.5, and in Comparative Example 4, the intensity ratio between peaks 3 and 4 was 3.0.
- Each of the cathode active materials, carbon black conductive material, and PVdF binder prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples 1-5 were mixed in a weight ratio of 96: 2: 2 in an N-methylpyrrolidone solvent to prepare a cathode slurry, , After applying this to one surface of an aluminum current collector, drying and rolling at 130 ° C. were performed to prepare a positive electrode. Lithium metal was used as the negative electrode.
- An electrode assembly was prepared by interposing a porous polyethylene separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, the electrode assembly was placed inside a case, and an electrolyte solution was injected into the case to prepare a lithium secondary battery.
- a positive electrode slurry is prepared by setting the ratio of the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, the binder, and the additive to 97.5 / 1.0 / 1.35 / 0.15, respectively.
- An anode counter electrode is prepared by coating the anode slurry on an aluminum current collector and mixing natural graphite and artificial graphite in a specific ratio.
- the electrolyte solution is prepared with salt 0.7M, and LiFSI (Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, 0.3M) is added to maintain life.
- the injection amount is calculated as 100uL per electrode, and a separator manufactured by the company is placed between the anode and cathode in an appropriate size.
- An electrolyte is put into the prepared monocell, formation charging and discharging is performed, and initial gas is removed to prepare for monocell evaluation.
- the temperature proceeds under the condition of 25 °C, and after the initial capacity, the voltage drop ( ⁇ Voltage) and resistance were measured while discharging at 2.0 C until SOC10 becomes 0 at -10 °C.
- High-temperature life characteristics are measured at 45°C with constant current at 0.5 C until 4.2 V, discharged at 1.0 C constant current to 3.0 V, and at 100 th , 200 th , 300 th , 400 th cyc.
- the capacity retention rate and resistance increase rate were measured when charging and discharging experiments were performed by charging until 4.2 V at 0.33 C with a constant current at ° C and discharging to 3.0 V at a constant current of 0.33 C.
- Comparative Example 5 Referring to Table 1, the change with time in Comparative Example 5 is less than that in Comparative Example 1. Therefore, it can be seen that the case of Comparative Example 5 in which the B source was mixed and secondarily fired was superior in the change over time, rather than the Comparative Example 1 in which the B source was not added at all. In the present invention, since the second firing is performed by mixing the B source, the change over time is improved.
- Table 2 summarizes the electrochemical data such as charge capacity, discharge capacity, efficiency, and DCIR of the coin half cell.
- the embodiment of the present invention has excellent charge capacity, discharge capacity, and efficiency, and has a low DCIR.
- Comparative Example 2 the firing is performed in two steps, but the B source is not mixed during the second firing as in the present invention.
- Comparative Example 4 is to mix the B source from the first firing rather than mixing the B source during the second firing as in the present invention. In this way, as in the present invention, when the B source is mixed but not added during the first firing, but added during the second firing, there is an effect of improving the charge capacity, discharge capacity, efficiency, and DCIR. Therefore, by following the manufacturing method as in the present invention, the surface resistance value of the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode of the lithium secondary battery can be reduced. In particular, in the case of Comparative Example 4, in which the B source was added during the first firing, the capacity was not developed, and the problem of increasing the DCIR was serious, so it can be seen that it is not appropriate.
- Table 3 summarizes the low-temperature output data of the monocell.
- Table 4 summarizes the capacity retention rate and resistance increase rate data measured after moving to the room temperature chamber for every 100 th cycle of high-temperature lifetime of the monocell, and FIG. 4 is a graph of the capacity retention rate and resistance increase rate according to the increase in the number of cycles.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 분체 표면에 리튬 보론 화합물 코팅층을 포함하고 상기 코팅층은 ToF-SIMS 스펙트럼에서 어느 두 피크간의 피크 세기 비가 LiBO2 물질에서의 대응 피크 세기 비와 ±50% 범위 내로 동일한 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 ToF-SIMS 스펙트럼 mass 156.85 ~ 156.95에서 검출된 피크 중 가장 세기가 큰 피크와 mass 153.05 ~ 153.15에서 검출된 피크 중 가장 세기가 큰 피크간의 세기 비가 4.3 ±50%인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 ToF-SIMS 스펙트럼 mass 182.85 ~ 182.95에서 검출된 피크 중 가장 세기가 큰 피크와 mass 179.05 ~ 179.15에서 검출된 피크 중 가장 세기가 큰 피크간의 세기 비가 9.9 ±50%인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질.
- 리튬 소스와 전구체를 혼합 후 열처리하는 1차 소성 단계;상기 1차 소성에 의한 소성품에 제1 B 소스를 혼합 후 열처리하여 상기 소성품에 표면 보호층을 형성하는 2차 소성 단계;상기 2차 소성에 의한 소성품 표면의 미반응 잔류 리튬 제거를 하는 수세 단계; 및상기 수세에 의한 수세품을 건조하여 제2 B 소스와 함께 열처리하는 코팅 단계를 포함하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 전구체는 고함량의 Ni계 리튬 전이금속 산화물이고, 상기 전구체의 니켈 함량은 전이금속 총 몰수를 기준으로 70몰% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 1차 소성시의 열처리 온도는 상기 2차 소성시의 열처리 온도의 0.75 ~ 1.5배인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 수세 단계는 소성품 : 물 함량을 50 ~ 200%의 무게비로 혼합해 교반하여 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 제1 B 소스 또는 제2 B 소스는 H3BO3, H4BO4, B2O3, LiBO2, Li2B4O7, B4C, AlBO2, AlB2O4 중 1종 이상을 단독 또는 복합 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 제1 B 소스 및 제2 B 소스의 양은 B 중량/양극 활물질 중량 = 200 ~ 5,000 ppm이 되게 하는 양인 것을 특징으로 하는 양극 활물질 제조 방법.
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| EP22856310.2A EP4207374A4 (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2022-08-16 | POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
| CN202280006576.1A CN116325238B (zh) | 2021-08-13 | 2022-08-16 | 锂二次电池用正极活性材料及其制备方法 |
| US18/268,802 US20240047670A1 (en) | 2021-08-13 | 2022-08-16 | Positive Electrode Active Material for Lithium Secondary Battery and Method for Preparing the Same |
| JP2023527785A JP7714648B2 (ja) | 2021-08-13 | 2022-08-16 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法 |
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| EP4207374A1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
| CN116325238A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
| KR102793307B1 (ko) | 2025-04-09 |
| CN116325238B (zh) | 2026-03-13 |
| EP4207374A4 (en) | 2024-08-21 |
| JP2023548891A (ja) | 2023-11-21 |
| JP7714648B2 (ja) | 2025-07-29 |
| KR20230025370A (ko) | 2023-02-21 |
| US20240047670A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
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