WO2022259622A1 - レーザ増幅媒体およびレーザ増幅媒体の製造方法 - Google Patents
レーザ増幅媒体およびレーザ増幅媒体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/102—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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- H01S3/2308—Amplifier arrangements, e.g. MOPA
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser amplification medium and a method for manufacturing a laser amplification medium.
- High-quality and high-power lasers are needed in fields such as laser processing, scientific research, nuclear fusion, space debris removal, and safety compensation.
- Solid state lasers and fiber lasers are often considered as ways to realize such lasers.
- fiber lasers tend to have a relatively large power density inside the waveguide because the area of the waveguide is relatively small. This is particularly noticeable in the case of pulsed lasers.
- problems such as damage to materials such as optical fibers and degradation of characteristics due to nonlinear optical effects are known.
- non-patent document 1 R. Soulard et al., "ICAN: A novel laser architecture for space debris removal", Acta Astronautica 105, published in 2014, pp. 192-200
- non-patent document 2 T. Ebisuzaki et al. ⁇ Demonstration designs for the remediation of space debris from the International Space Station ⁇ Acta Astronautica 112 ⁇ 2015 ⁇ pp.102-113) ⁇ CAN(Coherent Amplification Network: ⁇ It has been proposed to combine a large number (eg 10,000) of fiber lasers called a network.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-148769 discloses a multiple beam coupling device.
- the multiple beam combiner includes a phase shift section, a superimposition section, an observation section, and a phase control section.
- the phase shift section generates a plurality of shifted laser beams by shifting the phase of each of the plurality of laser beams.
- the superposition unit generates a plurality of superposed laser beams by superimposing each of the plurality of shifted laser beams and the reference beam.
- the observation unit generates interference pattern information regarding spatial interference patterns that appear when observing each of the plurality of superimposed laser beams.
- the phase control section feedback-controls the phase shift by the phase shift section based on the interference pattern information obtained for each of the plurality of superposed laser beams, thereby setting the plurality of shifted laser beams to a desired state.
- a laser amplification medium that is easy to manufacture and a method for manufacturing a laser amplification medium that is easy to implement are provided.
- Other problems and novel features will become apparent from the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings.
- the laser amplification medium includes a cladding portion, a first core portion and a second core portion, a virtual first layer, a virtual second layer and a virtual third layer.
- the clad has a predetermined first refractive index.
- the first core portion and the second core portion each have a second refractive index higher than the first refractive index, each extend parallel to a predetermined axial direction, and each side surface is covered with the clad portion.
- the virtual first layer includes a portion of the cladding, the first core and the second core.
- a virtual second layer and a virtual third layer each include another portion of the cladding.
- the first layer is laminated and joined between the second and third layers in a predetermined lamination direction perpendicular to the axial direction.
- the side surface of each of the first core portion and the second core portion includes a first planar portion and a second planar portion.
- the first planar portion is included in a virtual first surface that is a virtual bonding surface between the first layer and the second layer and perpendicular to the stacking direction.
- the second plane portion is included in a virtual second surface, which is a virtual joint surface of the first layer with the third layer and perpendicular to the stacking direction, and faces the first plane portion.
- a method of manufacturing a laser gain medium includes a plurality of first regions having a predetermined first refractive index and a plurality of second regions having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index. forming a first layer containing including doing.
- the laminating includes bonding a second layer to a first surface of the first layer perpendicular to the stacking direction so as to bond the plurality of first regions and the second layer; bonding the third layer to a second surface of the first layer opposite the first surface to bond the third layer.
- forming the first layer includes: a plurality of second regions each extending parallel to a predetermined axial direction parallel to the first surface; and a first planar portion included in the first surface; generating a plurality of second regions to have a first core portion and a second core portion each having a side surface including a second planar portion included in the second surface; Laminating the second layer, the first layer, and the third layer means that the plurality of integrated first regions, the second layer, and the third layer form side surfaces of the first core portion and the second core portion, respectively. It includes laminating the second, first and third layers to act as an overlying cladding.
- the embodiment it is possible to provide a laser amplification medium that is easy to manufacture and a method for manufacturing a laser amplification medium that is easy to implement.
- FIG. 1A is a bird's-eye view showing one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a transparent bird's-eye view showing one configuration example of a virtual unit laser amplification medium obtained when a part of the laser amplification medium of FIG. 1A is extracted.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the unit laser amplification medium of FIG. 1B taken along an arbitrary cross section passing through the optical axis of the core portion.
- FIG. 3A is a transparent bird's-eye view showing an example of a method of injecting pumping light from an end face of each core portion of the laser amplifying medium of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 3B is a transparent bird's-eye view showing an example of a method of making excitation light incident from the side surface of each core portion of the laser amplification medium of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 3C is a transmissive overhead view showing an example of the configuration of a modification of the laser amplification medium of FIG. 1A and an example of a method of injecting excitation light into the laser amplification medium according to this modification.
- FIG. 4A is a transmission overhead view showing an example of the configuration of another modification of the laser amplification medium of FIG. 1A and a method of injecting excitation light into the laser amplification medium according to this modification.
- FIG. 4B is a bird's-eye view showing an example of how the excitation light incident from the end of the excitation light optical path in FIG. 4A leaks to the outside from the side surface of the excitation light optical path.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing one configuration example of a method for manufacturing a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing that the laser gain medium of FIG. 1A can be manufactured by laminating a first substrate and a second substrate.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing that the laser gain medium of FIG. 1A can be manufactured by laminating a first substrate and a second substrate.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing an example
- FIG. 6D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6E is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6F is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6G is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 6H is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a state in the middle of manufacturing the laser amplification medium.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a transparent bird's-eye view showing one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining an example of a method of controlling the temperature of the laser amplification medium by flowing a predetermined fluid through the laser amplification medium using the channel according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example of the laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of a laser amplification medium according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a transparent bird's-eye view showing one configuration example of a laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- a laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A includes a clad portion 2 and a plurality of core portions 3 .
- the total number of core portions 3 is 16, but this is merely an example and does not limit the present embodiment.
- the cladding part 2 is independent.
- the core portion 3 extends in one direction and is formed in a shape having flat surfaces on opposite side surfaces.
- each core portion 3 has the same rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the cladding portion 2 also has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but its dimensions are different from those of the core portion 3 .
- the core portion 3 may have the shape of a hexagonal prism whose cross-section orthogonal to its extending direction is hexagonal.
- the positional relationship of the constituent elements of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A will be described.
- a total of 16 core portions 3 extend in the same direction. This extending direction is called the X-axis direction.
- the clad portion 2 also extends in the same X-axis direction.
- the core portion 3 is doped with a laser gain medium, and as will be described later, by allowing pumping light and seed light to enter, amplified light obtained by amplifying the seed light can be emitted.
- the side surface of the core portion 3 is formed into a shape having opposed flat surfaces extending parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the side surface of each core portion 3 has a rectangular shape in the above cross section or end surface.
- the side surfaces of the core portion 3 refer to four surfaces parallel to the X-axis direction among the six surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped.
- the side surfaces of a total of 16 core portions 3 are arranged in a 4 ⁇ 4 two-dimensional array. The two directions related to this two-dimensional arrangement are called the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, respectively.
- the side surface of each core portion 3 is preferably parallel to the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction.
- the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A has a structure in which a core portion 3 extending parallel to the X-axis direction is arranged inside a clad portion extending parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the side surfaces are formed to have opposing flat surfaces extending parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the core portion 3 according to this embodiment has a shape of a quadrangular prism or rectangular parallelepiped.
- the dimension in the width direction of each core portion 3 is preferably about five to ten times the diameter of the core of a general optical fiber.
- the cross-sectional area of the core portion 3 according to this embodiment is preferably about 25 to 100 times the diameter of the core of a general optical fiber.
- these numerical values are merely examples and do not limit the present embodiment.
- Each core portion 3 in FIG. 1A is covered with the clad portion 2 on its side surface.
- the clad portion 2 exists between two adjacent core portions 3 .
- FIG. 1B is a transparent bird's-eye view showing one configuration example of a virtual unit laser amplification medium 10 obtained when a part of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A is extracted.
- a unit laser amplification medium 10 in FIG. 1B includes one core portion 3 and a clad portion 2 covering the side surface thereof.
- the refractive index of the core portion 3 is higher than that of the clad portion 2 . It is expected that the laser light incident from one end face of the core portion 3 does not leak from the core portion 3 to the clad portion 2 by satisfying a predetermined condition of the incident angle.
- FIGS. 2, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, and 4B are cross-sectional views of the unit laser amplification medium 10 of FIG. 1B taken along an arbitrary cross section passing through the optical axis 31 of the core portion 3.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the unit laser amplification medium 10 of FIG. 1B taken along an arbitrary cross section passing through the optical axis 31 of the core portion 3.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the unit laser amplification medium 10 of FIG. 1B taken along an arbitrary cross section passing through the optical axis 31 of the core portion 3.
- the optical axis direction is unified to the X-axis direction.
- pumping lights 4A and 4B are made incident on the unit laser amplification medium 10 by roughly two methods.
- the excitation light 4A is incident from the end surface of the core portion 3 .
- the pumping light 4A does not necessarily have to be incident parallel to the optical axis 31 of the core portion 3, and does not necessarily have to be incident from both end faces.
- the excitation light 4B is incident from the side surface 32 of the core portion 3. As shown in FIG.
- the excitation light 4B does not necessarily have to be incident perpendicularly to the side surface 32 of the core portion 3, and does not necessarily have to be incident from a plurality of directions.
- the pumping lights 4A and 4B enter from both the end surface and the side surface 32 of the core portion 3 .
- the seed light amplified by the energy of the pumping lights 4A and 4B is preferably incident from the end face of the core portion 3.
- FIG. 3A is a perspective overhead view showing an example of a method of making excitation light 4A incident from the end surface of each core portion 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A.
- the pumping light 4A shown in FIG. 3A corresponds to the pumping light 4A shown in FIG.
- the incident positions of the excitation light 4A are omitted for some of the core portions 3 for ease of viewing, but it is preferable that the excitation light 4A is actually incident on all the core portions 3 respectively.
- FIG. 3B is a transparent bird's-eye view showing an example of a method of making the excitation light 4B incident from the side surface 32 of each core portion 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A.
- the excitation light 4B shown in FIG. 3B corresponds to the excitation light 4B in FIG.
- the pumping light 4B enters the inside of the core portion 3 from the side surface 32 of the core portion 3 by entering the pumping light 4B from the side surface of the clad portion 2 . Therefore, in the case of FIG. 3B, unlike the case of FIG. 3A, the seed light existing inside all the core portions 3 can be amplified only by injecting the pumping light 4B from the side surface of the clad portion 2 at once.
- core portions 3 may be geometrically shaded by other core portions 3, but since the distance of the core portions 3 with respect to the direction of the excitation light 4B is short, the excitation light that is not absorbed It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the light 4B is absorbed by the core portion 3 in shadow.
- FIG. 3C is a transmission bird's-eye view showing an example of a configuration of a modification of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A and an example of a method of making pumping light 4C incident on the laser amplification medium 1 according to this modification.
- the laser amplification medium 1 according to the modification of FIG. 3C is obtained by applying a double clad structure to the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A.
- the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 3C is obtained by replacing the clad portion 2 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A with the inner clad portion 2A and the outer clad portion 2B.
- the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 3C can also be obtained by replacing the cladding portion 2 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A with an inner cladding portion 2A and adding an outer cladding portion 2B to the outside of the side surface.
- the excitation light 4C is fully emitted at the boundary surface between the inner clad portion 2A and the outer clad portion 2B. Reflection is repeated, and the excitation light 4C enters the inside of the core portion 3 from the side surface 32 of the core portion 3 during that time.
- the refractive index of the outer clad portion 2B may be smaller than the refractive index of the inner clad portion 2A.
- the seed light existing inside all the core portions 3 can be amplified simply by injecting the pumping light 4C from the end surface of the inner clad portion 2A at once.
- FIG. 4A is a transmission bird's-eye view showing an example of the configuration of another modification of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A and a method of making pumping light 4D incident on the laser amplification medium 1 according to this modification.
- the laser amplification medium 1 according to the modification of FIG. 4A is obtained by replacing a portion of the core portion 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A with an optical path 6 for pumping light that is not doped with a laser gain medium.
- FIG. 4B is a bird's-eye view showing an example of how the excitation light 4D entering from the end of the excitation light optical path 6 in FIG. 4A leaks to the outside from the side surface of the excitation light optical path 6.
- the excitation light optical path 6 has a function of leaking incident light to the outside of the excitation light optical path 6 .
- the excitation light optical path 6 includes a scattering source that scatters the incident light or a diffuse reflection source that diffuses the incident light.
- the excitation light 4 ⁇ /b>D entering from the end of the excitation light optical path 6 leaks out in all directions along the side surfaces of the excitation light optical path 6 .
- the excitation light 4 ⁇ /b>D leaking from the side surface of the excitation light optical path 6 enters all the core portions 3 from the side surface 32 of the core portion 3 .
- the side surface of the excitation light optical path 6 may be appropriately processed so that the excitation light 4D can easily leak toward the clad portion 2 covering this side surface.
- the pumping lights 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D described above may be, for example, semiconductor laser lights having absorption wavelengths of the laser gain medium.
- the pumping light 4D enters the pumping light optical path 6 from the end face thereof, thereby amplifying the seed light existing inside all the core portions 3. can do. Therefore, in the case of FIGS. 4A and 4B also, unlike the case of FIG. 3A, the seed light existing inside all the core portions 3 can be removed by simply injecting the excitation light 4D from the end face of the excitation light optical path 6 at once. can be amplified.
- the laser amplification medium 1 can amplify the seed light existing inside all the core portions 3 by entering the pump light 4B, 4C or 4D at once. .
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing one configuration example of a method for manufacturing the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- 6A is a cross-sectional view showing that the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A can be manufactured by laminating the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12.
- FIG. 6B to 6H are cross-sectional views showing an example of the state during the manufacture of the laser amplification medium 1.
- the stacking direction is unified to the Z-axis direction.
- the flowchart of FIG. 5 includes a total of 4 steps from the first step S1 to the fourth step S4.
- the first step S1 is executed.
- the first substrate 11 is produced.
- the first substrate 11 comprises a first portion 20 .
- the first substrate 11 may be composed only of the first portion 20 .
- the first portion 20 is made of the first material that constitutes the clad portion 2 of the laser amplification medium 1.
- the first material is, for example, glass or YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) having predetermined characteristics. garnet) crystals or YAG ceramics.
- the first material has the same refractive index as the cladding portion 2 .
- FIG. 6B shows a cross section of the first substrate 110 that is thicker than the desired thickness.
- a first substrate 110 having a thickness greater than a desired thickness is first produced, and a part of the first substrate 110 is scraped off from both or one side thereof to produce a first substrate 11 having a desired thickness. good.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- This scraping step may be performed as part of the first step S1, or may be performed as a separate step from the first step S1. In the latter case, in the first step S1, instead of producing the first substrate 11 with the desired thickness, a thicker first substrate 110 may be produced.
- the required number of first substrates 11 and 110 may be generated collectively. Alternatively, the required number of first substrates 11 and 110 may be generated little by little by executing the first step S1 a plurality of times before and after the other steps.
- the second step S2 is executed.
- a second substrate 12 is produced.
- the second substrate 12 comprises a first portion 20 and a second portion 30 .
- the second substrate 12 may be composed only of the first portion 20 and the second portion 30 .
- the second portion 30 may be made of a second material.
- the second material is a material that constitutes the core portion 3 of the laser gain medium 1, and can be obtained, for example, by doping ions of an appropriate active element into glass, YAG crystal, or YAG ceramics as a laser gain medium.
- This active element may be, for example, neodymium, ytterbium, erbium, or the like.
- the second material preferably has the same refractive index as the core portion 3.
- the refractive index of the core portion 3 may be uniform over its entire area, or may vary continuously according to the distance from the optical axis 31 in the radial direction.
- the plurality of second portions 30 formed by ion doping do not always have ideal shapes due to manufacturing errors and other factors.
- the ideal shape is a rectangular parallelepiped extending in the same direction like the core portion 3 in FIG. 1A.
- the core portion 3 has a shape with sufficient precision for practical use, even if it contains a realistic manufacturing error, it is simply referred to as a "rectangular parallelepiped". The same is true for other geometric definitions.
- FIG. 6C shows a cross section of the second substrate 120 that is thicker than the desired thickness.
- the second substrate 120 having a thickness greater than the desired thickness is produced first, and then both sides or one side of the second substrate 120 is scraped off to produce the second substrate 12 having the desired thickness.
- This scraping step may be performed as part of the second step S2, or may be performed as a separate step from the second step S2.
- the second portion 30 is exposed on one surface of the second substrate 120, it does not necessarily have to reach the other surface.
- the required number of second substrates 12 and 120 may be generated collectively. Alternatively, the required number of second substrates 12 and 120 may be generated little by little by executing the second step S2 a plurality of times before and after the other steps.
- the third step S3 is executed.
- the first substrates 11, 110 and the second substrates 12, 120 are laminated.
- one surface of the second substrates 12 and 120 is bonded to one surface of the first substrates 11 and 110 .
- both first portions 20 are joined so as to be optically integrated.
- optically integrated bonding means that, for example, when light passes through this bonding surface, undesirable phenomena such as refraction, reflection, diffraction, and scattering do not occur, or even if they occur, they are practical. We mean such a junction that is practically negligible.
- Each of the first substrates 11, 110 and the second substrates 12, 120 after being optically integrated may be called a virtual substrate, a virtual layer, or the like.
- the joint surface after being optically integrated may be called a virtual surface, a virtual plane, a virtual joint surface, or the like.
- Room-temperature bonding for example, is known as a method for realizing such bonding. In any case, it is preferable to perform processing such as polishing on the surfaces to be joined before joining.
- FIG. 6D shows the surface of the second substrate 120 from which the second portion 30 is exposed.
- the second substrate 120 having a desired thickness can be produced by scraping off the scraped portion 121 up to a predetermined thickness from the non-bonded surface of the second substrate 120 .
- FIG. 6E shows the joined body of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 12 after scraping away the scraped portion 121 of FIG. 6D.
- the side surface of the second portion 30, which will be used as the core portion 3 in the future has at least a flat portion in the +Z-axis direction and a flat portion in the ⁇ Z-axis direction, both of which lie on the XY plane.
- each core portion 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 preferably parallel to each other, i.e. parallel to each other.
- the side surface 32 of each core portion 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 according to the present embodiment has two plane portions facing each other in the Z-axis direction on the virtual bonding surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. It is preferable to include at least
- lamination may be repeated a necessary number of times, or the first step S1 for generating the first substrates 11 and 110 and the second step S2 for generating the second substrates 12 and 120 may be performed. It may be repeated little by little according to the timing of execution.
- a new first substrate 110 is further laminated on the surface of the second substrate 12 laminated on the first substrate 110 .
- the first substrate 11 having a desired thickness can be produced by scraping off the scraped portion 111 up to a predetermined thickness from the unbonded surface of the new first substrate 110.
- FIG. 6G shows the joined body of the first substrate 110, the second substrate 12 and the new first substrate 11 after the scraped portion 111 of FIG. 6F has been scraped away.
- FIG. 6H shows a laminate obtained by laminating the first substrates 11, 110 and the second substrate 12 the number of times necessary to produce the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 1A. Thereafter, by scraping off the scraped portion 111 from each of the lowermost layer and the uppermost first substrate 110, the first substrate 11 having a desired thickness in each of the lowermost preliminary uppermost layers is generated. A laser gain medium 1 is produced, namely the laser gain medium 1 of FIG. 1A.
- the fourth step S4 is executed.
- finishing is performed.
- processing such as polishing may be performed on the end faces in the X-axis direction and/or the Y-axis direction of the laser amplification medium 1 in FIG. 6A.
- one end face of the laser amplification medium 1 in the X-axis direction can be processed into a state suitable for optically connecting a pre-stage device for injecting seed light to be amplified into each core portion 3 .
- the other end face of the laser amplification medium 1 in the X-axis direction is preferably processed into a state suitable for emitting the laser light amplified by each core portion 3 to the outside.
- the other end face of the laser amplification medium 1 in the X-axis direction is optically connected to a post-stage device for coupling a plurality of laser beams amplified by the plurality of core portions 3 into one high-output laser beam. It is preferable to process it in a state suitable for
- the first portion 20 and the second portion 30 may be separately produced, processed into a desired shape, and then alternately joined to produce the second substrate 12.
- FIG. it is expected that the shape of the core portion 3 can be brought closer to an ideal rectangular parallelepiped.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- a plurality of first substrates 11 and a plurality of second substrates 12 are alternately stacked in the Z-axis direction.
- the number of the plurality of core portions 3 in the Y-axis direction The placement is staggered.
- two first substrates 11 and one second substrate 11 are provided between an arbitrary core portion 3 and the core portion 3 closest to the arbitrary core portion 3 in the +Z-axis direction or the ⁇ Z-axis direction.
- a substrate 12 is sandwiched.
- a plurality of core portions 3 are arranged in a so-called staggered array in a cross section of the laser amplification medium 1 taken along a virtual plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
- the laser amplification medium 1 according to the present embodiment can be manufactured by alternately laminating the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, so that the modified example shown in FIG. 7 can be easily adopted. is also possible.
- such a modification is advantageous in order to allow the excitation light 4B to enter all the core portions 3 more uniformly when the excitation light 4B is incident from the side surface of the clad portion 2. is expected to become possible.
- FIG. 8 is a transparent bird's-eye view showing a partial configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- a laser amplification medium 1 in FIG. 8 includes a clad portion 2, a core portion 3, and a plurality of flow paths 5.
- the total number of flow paths 5 is 8 and the total number of core portions 3 is 1, but these numerical values are merely examples and do not limit the present embodiment.
- the cladding part 2 is independent.
- the flow path 5 is a cavity provided inside the clad portion 2 and extends in the same X-axis direction as the core portion 3 .
- the flow path 5 penetrates the clad portion 2 in the X-axis direction.
- the channel 5 may be defined as a side surface parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the cross section of the channel 5 taken along a virtual plane orthogonal to the X-axis direction is rectangular.
- the rectangular shape of the flow path 5 may be a different rectangular shape than the rectangular shape of the cross section of the core portion 3 on the same plane.
- the rectangular shape of the flow path 5 has a larger area than the rectangular shape of the core portion 3 .
- the cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional area of the flow path 5 are only examples, and the cross-section of the flow path 5 may have a shape other than a rectangle, and may not necessarily be larger than the cross-sectional area of the core portion 3. .
- the channel 5 may be generated, for example, by forming a cavity inside the cladding portion 2 of the laser amplification medium 1 according to the first embodiment.
- a fine processing technique such as ablation using a femtosecond laser is known.
- FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining an example of a method for controlling the temperature of the laser amplification medium 1 by flowing a predetermined fluid through the laser amplification medium 1 using the channel 5 according to one embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the temperature of the laser amplification medium 1 .
- T 0 the target temperature at which the laser gain medium 1 functions most efficiently
- T min the minimum and maximum temperatures at which the laser gain medium 1 functions properly are represented by "T min " and "T max , respectively. ”.
- a fluid whose temperature is equal to or lower than the target temperature T0 is caused to flow through the flow path 5 to cool the laser amplification medium 1. 1 can be brought closer to the target temperature T0 .
- a fluid whose temperature is equal to or higher than the target temperature T0 is caused to flow through the flow path 5 to heat the laser amplification medium 1 H,
- the temperature of the laser amplification medium 1 can be made close to the target temperature T0 .
- This fluid may be liquid or gas. Helium gas may be used as an example of this fluid.
- the scattering of the excitation light 4A, 4B, 4C inside the laser amplification medium 1 may be suppressed, or conversely may be assisted.
- the scattering it is expected that the excitation lights 4A, 4B, and 4C reach the far core portion 3 more easily.
- the scattering is assisted, it is expected that the excitation light beams 4A, 4B, and 4C reach the core portions 3 hidden behind the other core portions 3 more easily.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- the core portions 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 shown in FIG. is obtained by increasing the number of flow paths 5 shown in FIG.
- the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 10B has a total of 24 flow paths 5 and a total of 18 core portions 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. and the core portions 3 are arranged in a two-dimensional array of 6 ⁇ 7 in a cross section along a virtual plane perpendicular to the X-axis direction.
- the channels 5 and the core portions 3 are arranged alternately in the Z-axis direction, and six channels 5 and six core portions 3 are arranged in the Y-axis direction. Focusing on the core portion 3 at this time, it is arranged in a two-dimensional array of 6 ⁇ 3. Focusing on the channels 5, they are arranged in a two-dimensional array of 6 ⁇ 4.
- thermal resistance R1 between core portion 3A and channel 5 and thermal resistance R2 between core portion 3B and channel 5 are considered.
- the core portion 3A is located outside the 4 ⁇ 4 two-dimensional array. Therefore, there is no other core portion 3 between the core portion 3A and the channel 5A having the shortest distance from the core portion 3A.
- the core portion 3B is located inside the 4 ⁇ 4 two-dimensional array. Therefore, another core portion 3 exists between the core portion 3B and the channel 5B having the shortest distance from the core portion 3B. Therefore, the thermal resistance R2 is considered to be greater than the thermal resistance R1.
- the thermal resistance R3 between the core portion 3C and the flow channel 5 and the thermal resistance R4 between the core portion 3D and the flow channel 5 are considered.
- the core portion 3C is located outside the 6 ⁇ 3 two-dimensional array.
- the core part 3D is located inside in the same two-dimensional array.
- other core portions 3 do not exist between the core portion 3C and the flow paths 5C and 5D that are closest to the core portion 3C.
- thermal resistance R3 and thermal resistance R4 are considered to be the same.
- a temperature difference is less likely to occur between the core portion 3C and the core portion 3D.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing still another configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- a plurality of flow paths 5 and a plurality of core portions 3 are arranged in a so-called checker array.
- the channel 5 and the core portion 3 are arranged in a two-dimensional array in a cross section along a virtual plane orthogonal to the X-axis direction, where the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction of the channel 5 are
- the core portions 3 are adjacent to each other, and the flow paths 5 are adjacent to the core portions 3 in the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of the laser amplification medium 1 according to one embodiment.
- the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG. 12 is obtained, for example, by increasing the number of core portions 3 of the laser amplification medium 1 of FIG.
- the remaining ten core portions 3 and fifteen stress-applying portions 7 each have a rectangular parallelepiped shape extending in the X-axis direction.
- the core portions 3 and the stress applying portions 7 are arranged in a 5 ⁇ 5 two-dimensional array.
- the stress-applying portions 7 and the core portions 3 are alternately arranged in the Y-axis direction.
- five stress-applying portions 7 and five core portions 3 are arranged in a row.
- the stress applying portions 7 are arranged on both sides in the Y-axis direction for each of the plurality of core portions 3 .
- the stress-applying portion 7 may be formed, for example, by a method similar to that of the core portion 3, or may be formed by opening a flow path 5 inside the clad portion 2 and pouring and hardening an appropriate material into the internal space. Also good. In either case, the core portion 3 receives stress from both sides in the Y-axis direction, so that the polarization direction of light propagating in the X-axis direction inside the core portion 3 is controlled to approach the Z-axis direction. This leads to the laser amplification medium 1 being able to output laser light of higher quality. It may also be used in applications such as beam coupling using linearly polarized light and harmonic generation using nonlinear optical phenomena.
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Abstract
Description
図1Aを参照して、本実施形態によるレーザ増幅媒体1の一構成例について説明する。図1Aは、一実施形態によるレーザ増幅媒体1の一構成例を示す透過俯瞰図である。
図8を参照して、別の実施形態によるレーザ増幅媒体1の一構成例について説明する。図8は、一実施形態によるレーザ増幅媒体1の部分的な一構成例を示す透過俯瞰図である。
流路5は、クラッド部2をX軸方向に貫通している。流路5は、X軸方向に対して平行な側面として定義されても良い。
図12を参照して、偏光制御が可能なレーザ増幅媒体1について説明する。図12は、一実施形態によるレーザ増幅媒体1の一構成例を示す断面図である。
Claims (10)
- 所定の第1屈折率を有するクラッド部と、
前記第1屈折率より高い第2屈折率をそれぞれ有し、所定の軸方向に対して平行にそれぞれ延在し、前記クラッド部によってそれぞれの側面が被覆された第1コア部および第2コア部と、
前記クラッド部の一部、前記第1コア部および前記第2コア部を含む仮想的な第1層と
前記クラッド部の別の一部をそれぞれ含む仮想的な第2層および仮想的な第3層と
を備え、
前記第1層は、前記第2層および前記第3層の間に、前記軸方向に直交する所定の積層方向に積層および接合されており、
前記第1コア部および前記第2コア部のそれぞれにおいて、前記側面は、
前記第1層の、前記第2層との仮想的な接合面であり前記積層方向に直交する仮想的な第1表面に含まれる、第1平面部分と、
前記第1層の、前記第3層との仮想的な接合面であり前記積層方向に直交する仮想的な第2表面に含まれ、前記第1平面部分に対向する第2平面部分と
を備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
前記第2屈折率をそれぞれ有し、前記軸方向に対して平行にそれぞれ延在し、前記クラッド部によってそれぞれの側面が被覆された第3コア部および第4コア部と、
前記クラッド部の一部、前記第3コア部および前記第4コア部を含む仮想的な第4層と、
前記クラッド部の別の一部を含む仮想的な第5層と
をさらに備え、
前記第4層は、前記第3層および前記第5層の間に、前記積層方向に積層および接合されており、
前記第3コア部および前記第4コア部のそれぞれにおいて、前記側面は、
前記第4層の、前記第3層との仮想的な接合面であり前記積層方向に直交する仮想的な第3表面に含まれる、第3平面部分と、
前記第4層の、前記第5層との仮想的な接合面であり前記積層方向に直交する仮想的な第4表面に含まれ、前記第3平面部分に対向する第4平面部分と
を備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項2に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
前記軸方向に直交する仮想的な平面による断面において、前記第1コア部、前記第2コア部、前記第3コア部および前記第4コア部は、千鳥配列で配置されている
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
前記クラッド部は、
外部から励起光が入射可能に構成された側面
を備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
前記クラッド部は、
外部から励起光が入射可能に構成された端面
を備え、
前記第1屈折率より低い第3屈折率を有し、前記クラッド部の側面を被覆する第2クラッド部
をさらに備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
側面が前記クラッド部によって被覆されるように前記軸方向に延在する励起光用光路
をさらに備え、
前記励起光用光路の前記側面は、前記励起光用光路の端面から入射した励起光が前記側面を介して前記クラッド部に漏れ出るように構成されている
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
側面が前記クラッド部によって被覆されるように前記軸方向に延在し、内側を所定の流体が通過するように構成された流路
をさらに備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ増幅媒体において、
前記軸方向および前記積層方向の両方に直交する方向に、前記第1コア部に向けて両側から応力を付与して、前記第1コア部を伝搬する光の偏波を制御する応力付与部
をさらに備える
レーザ増幅媒体。 - 所定の第1屈折率を有する複数の第1領域と、前記第1屈折率より大きい第2屈折率を有する複数の第2領域とを含む第1層を生成することと、
前記第1屈折率を有する第2層および第3層を生成することと、
前記第2層、前記第1層および前記第3層をこの順に、所定の積層方向に積層することと
を含み、
前記積層することは、
前記複数の第1領域および前記第2層を接合するように、前記第1層の、前記積層方向に直交する第1表面に、前記第2層を接合することと、
前記複数の第1領域および前記第3層を接合するように、前記第1層の、前記第1表面に対向する第2表面に、前記第3層を接合することと
を含み、
前記第1層を生成することは、
前記複数の第2領域が、前記第1表面に対して平行な所定の軸方向に対して平行にそれぞれ延在し、前記第1表面に含まれる第1平面部分と、前記第2表面に含まれる第2平面部分とを含む側面をそれぞれ有する、第1コア部および第2コア部を備えるように、前記複数の第2領域を生成すること
を含み、
前記第2層、前記第1層および前記第3層を積層することは、
一体化された前記複数の第1領域、前記第2層および前記第3層が、前記第1コア部および前記第2コア部のそれぞれにおいて前記側面を被覆するクラッド部として機能するように、前記第2層、前記第1層および前記第3層を積層すること
を含む
レーザ増幅媒体の製造方法。 - 請求項9に記載のレーザ増幅媒体の製造方法において、
前記第1屈折率を有する複数の第3領域と、前記第2屈折率を有する複数の第4領域とを含む第4層を生成することと、
前記第1屈折率を有する第5層を生成することと、
前記第3層、前記第4層および前記第5層をこの順に、前記積層方向に積層することと
をさらに含み、
前記第3層、前記第4層および前記第5層を積層することは、
前記第4層の、前記積層方向に直交する第3表面に、前記第3層を接合して、前記複数の第3領域および前記第3層を光学的に一体化することと、
前記第4層の、前記第3表面に対向する第4表面に、前記第5層を接合して、前記複数の第3領域および前記第5層を光学的に一体化することと
を含み、
前記第4層を生成することは、
前記複数の第4領域が、前記軸方向にそれぞれ延在し、前記第3表面に含まれる第3平面部分と、前記第4表面に含まれる第4平面部分とを含む側面をそれぞれ有する、第3コア部および第4コア部を備えるように、前記複数の第4領域を生成すること
を含み、
前記第3層、前記第4層および前記第5層を積層することは、
一体化された前記複数の第3領域、前記第3層および前記第5層が、前記第3コア部および前記第4コア部のそれぞれにおいて前記側面を被覆するクラッド部として機能するように、前記第3層、前記第4層および前記第5層を積層すること
をさらに含む
レーザ増幅媒体の製造方法。
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