WO2022259077A1 - 表示装置、表示モジュール、電子機器、及び、表示装置の作製方法 - Google Patents

表示装置、表示モジュール、電子機器、及び、表示装置の作製方法 Download PDF

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WO2022259077A1
WO2022259077A1 PCT/IB2022/054989 IB2022054989W WO2022259077A1 WO 2022259077 A1 WO2022259077 A1 WO 2022259077A1 IB 2022054989 W IB2022054989 W IB 2022054989W WO 2022259077 A1 WO2022259077 A1 WO 2022259077A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
light
film
pixel electrode
insulating
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PCT/IB2022/054989
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
池田隆之
岡崎健一
及川欣聡
高瀬奈津子
吉住健輔
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Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd
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Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd
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Application filed by Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd filed Critical Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co Ltd
Priority to US18/566,682 priority Critical patent/US20240268180A1/en
Priority to CN202280037546.7A priority patent/CN117356169A/zh
Priority to KR1020237043675A priority patent/KR20240018501A/ko
Priority to DE112022002936.6T priority patent/DE112022002936T5/de
Priority to JP2023527131A priority patent/JPWO2022259077A1/ja
Publication of WO2022259077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022259077A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays
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    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
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    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
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    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional [2D] radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
    • H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
    • H10K50/13—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light comprising stacked EL layers within one EL unit
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    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
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    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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    • H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/18—Carrier blocking layers
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • H10K50/19—Tandem OLEDs
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/32—Stacked devices having two or more layers, each emitting at different wavelengths
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8051—Anodes
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8052—Cathodes
    • H10K59/80521—Cathodes characterised by their shape
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/90—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
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    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/20—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning
    • H10K71/231—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning by etching of existing layers
    • H10K71/233—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning by etching of existing layers by photolithographic etching
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    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels

Definitions

  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device, a display module, and an electronic device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a display device.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field.
  • Technical fields of one embodiment of the present invention include semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, memory devices, electronic devices, lighting devices, input devices (e.g., touch sensors), and input/output devices (e.g., touch panels). ), how they are driven, or how they are manufactured.
  • display devices are expected to be applied to various uses.
  • applications of large display devices include home television devices (also referred to as televisions or television receivers), digital signage (digital signage), and PID (Public Information Display).
  • home television devices also referred to as televisions or television receivers
  • digital signage digital signage
  • PID Public Information Display
  • mobile information terminals such as smart phones and tablet terminals with touch panels are being developed.
  • Devices that require high-definition display devices include, for example, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), alternative reality (SR), and mixed reality (MR) ) are being actively developed.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • SR alternative reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • a light-emitting device having a light-emitting device As a display device, for example, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting device (also referred to as a light-emitting element) has been developed.
  • a light-emitting device also referred to as an EL device or EL element
  • EL the phenomenon of electroluminescence
  • EL is a DC constant-voltage power supply that can easily be made thin and light, can respond quickly to an input signal, and It is applied to a display device.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a display device for VR using an organic EL device (also referred to as an organic EL element).
  • Non-Patent Document 1 also discloses a method for manufacturing organic optoelectronic devices using standard UV photolithography.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a high-definition display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a high-resolution display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high-definition display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a high-resolution display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable method for manufacturing a display device.
  • An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display device with high yield.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, a first insulating layer, a first colored layer, and a second colored layer.
  • the first light emitting device has a first pixel electrode, a first EL layer over the first pixel electrode, and a common electrode over the first EL layer.
  • the second light emitting device has a second pixel electrode, a second EL layer over the second pixel electrode, and a common electrode over the second EL layer.
  • the first colored layer overlies the first light emitting device.
  • a second colored layer overlays the second light emitting device.
  • the second colored layer transmits light of a color different from that of the first colored layer.
  • the first EL layer and the second EL layer have the same structure and are separated from each other. An edge of the first EL layer is located on the first pixel electrode. An edge of the second EL layer is located on the second pixel electrode.
  • the first insulating layer covers side surfaces of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, the first EL layer, and the second EL layer. A common electrode is located on the first insulating layer.
  • the first EL layer includes a first light-emitting unit over the first pixel electrode, a first charge-generating layer over the first light-emitting unit, and a second light-emitting unit over the first charge-generating layer.
  • the second EL layer includes a third light-emitting unit on the second pixel electrode, a second charge-generating layer on the third light-emitting unit, and a second light-emitting layer on the second charge-generating layer. 4 light emitting units.
  • the display device described above preferably has a second insulating layer.
  • the first insulating layer contains an inorganic material and the second insulating layer contains an organic material. It preferably overlaps with each side surface of one EL layer and the second EL layer.
  • the first light emitting device has a common layer between the first EL layer and the common electrode
  • the second light emitting device has the common layer between the second EL layer and the common electrode.
  • the common layer preferably comprises at least one of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • the first EL layer preferably includes a first light-emitting material that emits blue light and a second light-emitting material that emits light with a longer wavelength than blue.
  • the first insulating layer is preferably in contact with the side surface of the first pixel electrode and the side surface of the second pixel electrode.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a display module having a display device having any of the above configurations, and a connector such as a flexible printed circuit (hereinafter referred to as FPC) or TCP (tape carrier package) attached.
  • FPC flexible printed circuit
  • TCP tape carrier package
  • a display module such as a display module in which an integrated circuit (IC) is mounted by a COG (Chip On Glass) method, a COF (Chip On Film) method, or the like.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device including the display module described above and at least one of a housing, a battery, a camera, a speaker, and a microphone.
  • a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode are formed over an insulating surface, an EL film is formed over the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, and an EL film is formed over the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode.
  • a sacrificial film is formed thereover, and the EL film and the sacrificial film are processed to form a first EL layer having an end portion over the first pixel electrode and a first sacrificial layer over the first EL layer.
  • a second EL layer having an edge on the second pixel electrode, and a second sacrificial layer on the second EL layer forming at least the side surface of the first pixel electrode, the second A first insulating film covering the side surface of the pixel electrode, the side surface of the first EL layer, the side surface of the second EL layer, the side surface and top surface of the first sacrificial layer, and the side surface and top surface of the second sacrificial layer. and processing the first insulating film to form at least a side surface of the first pixel electrode, a side surface of the second pixel electrode, a side surface of the first EL layer, and a side surface of the second EL layer.
  • a first colored layer overlapping with the first EL layer and a second colored layer overlapping with the second EL layer are arranged.
  • a first insulating film is formed using an inorganic material, and after the first insulating film is formed, a second insulating film is formed over the first insulating film using an organic material, and a second insulating film is formed.
  • the first insulating film overlaps with the side surface of each of the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, the first EL layer, and the second EL layer with the first insulating film interposed therebetween.
  • two insulating layers are formed.
  • a photosensitive resin is preferably used as the organic material.
  • a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron transport layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron transport layer, and at least one of the electron injection layer is preferably formed.
  • One embodiment of the present invention can provide a high-definition display device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention can provide a high-resolution display device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention can provide a highly reliable display device.
  • a method for manufacturing a high-definition display device can be provided.
  • a method for manufacturing a high-resolution display device can be provided.
  • a highly reliable method for manufacturing a display device can be provided.
  • a method for manufacturing a display device with high yield can be provided.
  • FIG. 1A is a top view showing an example of a display device.
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device;
  • 2A to 2C are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • 3A to 3C are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • 4A to 4C are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • 5A to 5F are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • 6A to 6D are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
  • 7A to 7C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
  • 8A to 8F are top views showing examples of pixels.
  • 9A to 9H are top views showing examples of pixels.
  • FIG. 10A to 10J are top views showing examples of pixels.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a display device.
  • FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • 12B and 12C are cross-sectional views showing examples of transistors.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • 14A to 14D are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • 15A and 15B are perspective views showing an example of the display module.
  • 16A to 16C are cross-sectional views showing examples of display devices.
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
  • 21A to 21F are diagrams showing configuration examples of light-emitting devices.
  • 22A to 22D are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
  • 23A to 23F are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
  • 24A to 24G are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
  • 25A to 25F are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices.
  • film and “layer” can be interchanged depending on the case or situation.
  • conductive layer can be changed to the term “conductive film.”
  • insulating film can be changed to the term “insulating layer”.
  • a device manufactured using a metal mask or FMM may be referred to as an FMM structure device or an MM (metal mask) structure device.
  • a device manufactured without using a metal mask or FMM may be referred to as a device with an MML (metal maskless) structure.
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes a first light-emitting device having a first EL layer, a second light-emitting device having a second EL layer, and a first colored layer overlapping with the first light-emitting device. and a second colored layer overlapping the second light emitting device.
  • the first EL layer and the second EL layer have the same structure and are separated from each other.
  • the first colored layer and the second colored layer transmit lights of different colors.
  • each subpixel includes a light-emitting device having an EL layer with the same structure and a colored layer overlapping with the light-emitting device.
  • Full-color display can be performed by providing colored layers that transmit visible light of different colors depending on the sub-pixel.
  • a layer other than the pixel electrode included in the light-emitting device (for example, a light-emitting layer) can be shared (or shared) by a plurality of sub-pixels.
  • a layer with relatively high conductivity and when a layer with high conductivity is commonly provided for a plurality of sub-pixels, leakage current may occur between the sub-pixels. be.
  • the display device when the display device has a high definition or a high aperture ratio and the distance between sub-pixels becomes small, the leak current becomes unignorable, and there is a possibility that the display quality of the display device is deteriorated. Therefore, in the display device of one embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the layers included in the EL layer is formed in an island shape in each subpixel. At least part of the layers forming the EL layer are separated for each subpixel, so that crosstalk between adjacent subpixels can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve both high definition and high display quality of the display device.
  • an island-shaped light-emitting layer can be formed by a vacuum deposition method using a metal mask.
  • island-like formations occur due to various influences such as precision of the metal mask, misalignment between the metal mask and the substrate, bending of the metal mask, and broadening of the contour of the deposited film due to vapor scattering. Since the shape and position of the light-emitting layer deviate from the design, it is difficult to increase the definition and aperture ratio of the display device. Also, during deposition, the layer profile may be blurred and the edge thickness may be reduced. In other words, the thickness of the island-shaped light-emitting layer may vary depending on the location. In addition, when manufacturing a large-sized, high-resolution, or high-definition display device, there is a concern that the manufacturing yield will be low due to low dimensional accuracy of the metal mask and deformation due to heat or the like.
  • a pixel electrode is formed for each subpixel, and then a light-emitting layer is formed over a plurality of pixel electrodes. After that, the light-emitting layer is processed, for example, by photolithography to form one island-shaped light-emitting layer for one pixel electrode. Thereby, the light-emitting layer is divided for each sub-pixel, and an island-shaped light-emitting layer can be formed for each sub-pixel.
  • the light-emitting layer when processing the light-emitting layer into an island shape, a structure in which the light-emitting layer is processed using a photolithography method right above the light-emitting layer is conceivable. In the case of such a structure, the light-emitting layer may be damaged (damage due to processing, etc.) and the reliability may be significantly impaired.
  • a layer positioned above the light-emitting layer for example, a carrier-transport layer or a carrier-injection layer, more specifically an electron-transport layer or an electron-injection layer) etc.
  • a sacrificial layer which may be referred to as a mask layer
  • a highly reliable display device can be provided.
  • the island-shaped light-emitting layer manufactured by the method for manufacturing a display device of one embodiment of the present invention is not formed using a metal mask having a fine pattern, but the light-emitting layer is formed over the entire surface. It is formed by processing after Specifically, the island-shaped light-emitting layer has a size obtained by dividing and miniaturizing using a photolithography method or the like. Therefore, the size of the island-shaped light-emitting layer can be made smaller than that formed using a metal mask. Therefore, it is possible to realize a high-definition display device or a display device with a high aperture ratio, which has hitherto been difficult to achieve.
  • the number of times of processing is small because the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the manufacturing yield can be improved.
  • the light-emitting layer can be processed only once by photolithography; therefore, the display device can be manufactured with high yield.
  • the distance between adjacent light-emitting devices can be narrowed down to Also, for example, by using an exposure apparatus for LSI, the distance between adjacent light emitting devices can be narrowed to 500 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or even 50 nm or less.
  • the aperture ratio can be brought close to 100%.
  • the aperture ratio can be 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, or even 90% or more, and less than 100%.
  • the pattern of the light-emitting layer itself (which can be said to be a processing size) can also be made much smaller than when a metal mask is used.
  • the thickness of the light-emitting layer varies between the center and the edge. Become.
  • the manufacturing method described above since a film having a uniform thickness is processed, an island-shaped light-emitting layer can be formed with a uniform thickness. Therefore, almost the entire area of even a fine pattern can be used as a light emitting region. Therefore, a display device having both high definition and high aperture ratio can be manufactured.
  • an end portion of the EL layer can be positioned over the pixel electrode. Accordingly, since no EL layer is provided between adjacent pixel electrodes, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of leakage current between adjacent light emitting devices through the EL layer. In addition, it is possible to suppress the thickness of the EL layer from being thin at the edge of the pixel electrode and its vicinity, and to make the thickness of the EL layer uniform.
  • a layer including a light-emitting layer (which can be referred to as an EL layer or part of an EL layer) is formed over one surface
  • a sacrificial layer is formed over the EL layer. preferably formed.
  • an island-shaped EL layer is preferably formed by forming a resist mask over the sacrificial layer and processing the EL layer and the sacrificial layer using the resist mask.
  • the island-shaped EL layer includes at least a light-emitting layer, and preferably consists of a plurality of layers. Specifically, it is preferable to have one or more layers on the light-emitting layer. By providing another layer between the light-emitting layer and the sacrificial layer, the light-emitting layer can be prevented from being exposed to the outermost surface during the manufacturing process of the display device, and damage to the light-emitting layer can be reduced. This can improve the reliability of the light emitting device. Therefore, each island-shaped EL layer preferably has a light-emitting layer and a carrier-transporting layer (an electron-transporting layer or a hole-transporting layer) on the light-emitting layer.
  • a carrier-transporting layer an electron-transporting layer or a hole-transporting layer
  • the layers included in the EL layer include a light emitting layer, a carrier injection layer (hole injection layer and electron injection layer), a carrier transport layer (hole transport layer and electron transport layer), and a carrier block layer (hole block layer and electron block layer).
  • a layer for example, a carrier injection layer
  • a common electrode also referred to as an upper electrode
  • the carrier injection layer is often a layer with relatively high conductivity among the EL layers. Therefore, the light-emitting device may be short-circuited when the carrier injection layer comes into contact with the side surface of the island-shaped EL layer or the side surface of the pixel electrode. Note that even in the case where the carrier injection layer is provided in an island shape and the common electrode is formed in common for a plurality of light emitting devices, the common electrode is in contact with the side surface of the EL layer or the side surface of the pixel electrode, so that light emission is prevented. The device may short out.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes an insulating layer covering at least side surfaces of the island-shaped light-emitting layer.
  • the side surface of the island-shaped light-emitting layer as used herein refers to a surface of the interface between the island-shaped light-emitting layer and another layer that is not parallel to the substrate (or the surface on which the light-emitting layer is formed). Also, it is not necessarily a mathematically exact plane or curved surface.
  • the space between the adjacent island-shaped EL layers can be filled. can be reduced and made more flat. Therefore, coverage of the carrier injection layer or common electrode can be improved. This can prevent disconnection of the common electrode.
  • discontinuity refers to a phenomenon in which a layer, film, or electrode is divided due to the shape of a formation surface (for example, a step).
  • the insulating layer can be provided so as to be in contact with the island-shaped EL layer. Thereby, peeling of the EL layer can be prevented. Adhesion between the insulating layer and the island-shaped EL layers brings about an effect that adjacent island-shaped EL layers are fixed or adhered by the insulating layer. In addition, since the insulating layer suppresses moisture from entering the interface between the pixel electrode and the EL layer, peeling of the EL layer can be prevented. This can improve the reliability of the light emitting device. Moreover, the production yield of the light-emitting device can be increased.
  • the insulating layer preferably functions as a barrier insulating layer against at least one of water and oxygen. Further, the insulating layer preferably has a function of suppressing diffusion of at least one of water and oxygen. In addition, the insulating layer preferably has a function of capturing or fixing at least one of water and oxygen (also referred to as gettering).
  • a barrier insulating layer means an insulating layer having a barrier property.
  • barrier property refers to a function of suppressing diffusion of a corresponding substance (also referred to as low permeability).
  • the corresponding substance has a function of capturing or fixing (also called gettering).
  • an insulating layer having a function as a barrier insulating layer or a gettering function it is possible to suppress entry of impurities (typically, at least one of water and oxygen) that can diffuse into each light-emitting device from the outside. possible configuration. With such a structure, a highly reliable light-emitting device and a highly reliable display device can be provided.
  • impurities typically, at least one of water and oxygen
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel electrode functioning as an anode, and an island-shaped hole-injection layer, a hole-transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron layer provided in this order on the pixel electrode. a transport layer, an insulating layer provided so as to cover each side surface of the pixel electrode, the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer; and the electron injection provided on the electron transport layer. and a common electrode overlying the electron injection layer and functioning as a cathode.
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel electrode functioning as a cathode, and an island-shaped electron-injection layer, an electron-transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and a positive electrode which are provided in this order over the pixel electrode.
  • a hole transport layer, an insulating layer provided to cover side surfaces of the pixel electrode, the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the hole transport layer; It has a hole injection layer and a common electrode provided on the hole injection layer and functioning as an anode.
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes a pixel electrode, a first light-emitting unit over the pixel electrode, a charge-generation layer (also referred to as an intermediate layer) over the first light-emitting unit, and a second light-emitting unit; an insulating layer provided to cover respective side surfaces of the first light-emitting unit, the charge generation layer, and the second light-emitting unit; and an electrode.
  • the light-emitting device for each color may have a common layer between the second light-emitting unit and the common electrode.
  • a hole-injection layer, an electron-injection layer, a charge-generating layer, or the like is often a layer having relatively high conductivity among the EL layers.
  • the side surfaces of these layers are covered with the insulating layer; therefore, contact with a common electrode or the like can be suppressed. Therefore, short-circuiting of the light-emitting device can be suppressed, and the reliability of the light-emitting device can be improved.
  • the insulating layer covering the side surface of the island-shaped EL layer may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • the insulating layer can be used as a protective insulating layer of the EL layer. Thereby, the reliability of the display device can be improved.
  • the first insulating layer is preferably formed using an inorganic insulating material because it is in contact with the EL layer.
  • an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method which causes less film damage.
  • the inorganic insulating layer is formed using a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, or a plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD) method, which has a higher film formation rate than the ALD method. preferably formed. Accordingly, a highly reliable display device can be manufactured with high productivity.
  • the second insulating layer is preferably formed using an organic material so as to planarize the concave portion formed in the first insulating layer.
  • an aluminum oxide film formed by an ALD method can be used as the first insulating layer, and an organic resin film can be used as the second insulating layer.
  • organic solvents and the like that may be contained in the organic resin film may damage the EL layer.
  • an inorganic insulating film such as an aluminum oxide film formed by an ALD method as the first insulating layer, the organic resin film and the side surface of the EL layer are not in direct contact with each other. This can prevent the EL layer from being dissolved by the organic solvent.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention it is not necessary to provide an insulating layer covering the end portion of the pixel electrode between the pixel electrode and the EL layer; can. Therefore, it is possible to achieve high definition or high resolution of the display device. Moreover, a mask for forming the insulating layer is not required, and the manufacturing cost of the display device can be reduced.
  • the viewing angle dependency of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be extremely reduced. By reducing the viewing angle dependency, it is possible to improve the visibility of the image on the display device.
  • the viewing angle (the maximum angle at which a constant contrast ratio is maintained when the screen is viewed obliquely) is 100° or more and less than 180°, preferably 150°. It can be in the range of 170° or more. It should be noted that the above viewing angle can be applied to each of the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • [Configuration example of display device] 1 and 2 show a display device of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A shows a top view of the display device 100.
  • the display device 100 has a display section in which a plurality of pixels 103 are arranged, and a connection section 140 outside the display section. A plurality of sub-pixels are arranged in a matrix in the display section.
  • FIG. 1A shows sub-pixels of 2 rows and 6 columns, which constitute pixels of 2 rows and 2 columns.
  • the connection portion 140 can also be called a cathode contact portion.
  • a stripe arrangement is applied to the pixels 103 shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the pixel 103 shown in FIG. 1A is composed of three sub-pixels, a sub-pixel 110R, a sub-pixel 110G, and a sub-pixel 110B.
  • Subpixel 110R emits red light
  • subpixel 110G emits green light
  • subpixel 110B emits blue light.
  • sub-pixels of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) will be described as an example, but yellow (Y), cyan (C), and magenta ( M) three-color sub-pixels or the like may be used.
  • the number of types of sub-pixels is not limited to three, and may be four or more.
  • the four sub-pixels are R, G, B, and white (W) sub-pixels, R, G, B, and Y sub-pixels, and R, G, B, infrared light ( IR), four sub-pixels, and so on.
  • the top surface shape of the sub-pixel shown in FIG. 1A corresponds to the top surface shape of the light emitting region.
  • the circuit layout forming the sub-pixels is not limited to the range of the sub-pixels shown in FIG. 1A, and may be arranged outside the sub-pixels.
  • some or all of the transistors included in sub-pixel 110R may be located outside of sub-pixel 110R shown in FIG. 1A.
  • the transistor included in subpixel 110R may have a portion located within subpixel 110G and may have a portion located within subpixel 110B.
  • the row direction is sometimes called the X direction
  • the column direction is sometimes called the Y direction.
  • the X and Y directions intersect, for example perpendicularly (see FIG. 1A).
  • FIG. 1A shows an example in which sub-pixels of different colors are arranged side by side in the X direction and sub-pixels of the same color are arranged side by side in the Y direction.
  • FIG. 1A shows an example in which the connection portion 140 is positioned below the display portion in a top view, but the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • the connecting portion 140 may be provided at least one of the upper side, the right side, the left side, and the lower side of the display portion when viewed from above, and may be provided so as to surround the four sides of the display portion.
  • the shape of the upper surface of the connecting portion 140 may be strip-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped, frame-shaped, or the like.
  • the number of connection parts 140 may be singular or plural.
  • FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 in FIG. 1A.
  • the cross-sectional view of the sub-pixel shown in FIG. 1B can be said to be parallel or roughly parallel to the X direction.
  • FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view along the dashed-dotted line B1-B2 in FIG. 1A.
  • the cross-sectional view of the sub-pixel shown in FIG. 2A can be said to be parallel or roughly parallel to the Y direction.
  • 2B and 2C show cross-sectional views along the dashed-dotted line C1-C2 in FIG. 1A.
  • the display device 100 is provided with light emitting devices 130 on a layer 101 including transistors, and a protective layer 131 is provided to cover these light emitting devices.
  • Colored layers 132 R, 132 G, and 132 B are provided on the protective layer 131 , and the substrate 120 is bonded with the resin layer 122 .
  • An insulating layer 125 and an insulating layer 127 on the insulating layer 125 are provided in a region between adjacent light emitting devices.
  • FIG. 1B and FIG. 2A show a plurality of cross sections of the insulating layer 125 and the insulating layer 127.
  • the insulating layer 125 and the insulating layer 127 are each connected to one.
  • the display device 100 can be configured to have one insulating layer 125 and one insulating layer 127, for example.
  • the display device 100 may have a plurality of insulating layers 125 separated from each other, and may have a plurality of insulating layers 127 separated from each other.
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention is a top emission type in which light is emitted in a direction opposite to the substrate over which the light-emitting device 130 is formed, and light is emitted toward the substrate over which the light-emitting device 130 is formed.
  • Either a bottom emission type that emits light or a double emission type that emits light from both sides (dual emission type) may be used.
  • the layer 101 including transistors for example, a stacked-layer structure in which a plurality of transistors are provided over a substrate and an insulating layer is provided to cover the transistors can be applied.
  • the layer 101 containing transistors may have recesses between adjacent light emitting devices 130 .
  • recesses may be provided in the insulating layer located on the outermost surface of the layer 101 including the transistor.
  • FIG. 1 A structural example of the layer 101 including a transistor will be described later in Embodiments 2 and 3.
  • Each sub-pixel has a light-emitting device 130 that has an EL layer 113 and a common layer 114 .
  • the common layer 114 can also be said to be part of the EL layer in the light emitting device.
  • an island-shaped layer provided for each light-emitting device is referred to as an EL layer 113
  • a layer shared by a plurality of light-emitting devices is referred to as a common layer 114 .
  • Each of the plurality of EL layers 113 is provided in an island shape. All of the plurality of EL layers 113 can have the same structure.
  • the EL layer 113 can have a light-emitting material that emits blue light and a light-emitting material that emits light at wavelengths longer than blue.
  • the EL layer 113 includes a light-emitting material that emits blue light and a light-emitting material that emits yellow light, or a light-emitting material that emits blue light, a light-emitting material that emits green light, and a light-emitting material that emits red light. and a light-emitting material that emits light of .
  • the light-emitting device of this embodiment may have a single structure (structure having only one light-emitting unit) or a tandem structure (structure having two or more light-emitting units). Note that a configuration example of the light-emitting device will be described later in Embodiment Mode 4.
  • the EL layer 113 has a light-emitting layer. For example, if the light emitted by the light-emitting layers are in complementary colors, the light-emitting device 130 can emit white light.
  • the light emitting device 130 configured to emit white light may emit light with an enhanced specific color such as red, green, or blue.
  • the light emitting device 130 for example, it is preferable to use an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or a QLED (Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode).
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • QLED Quadantum-dot Light Emitting Diode
  • light-emitting substances also referred to as light-emitting materials
  • examples of light-emitting substances (also referred to as light-emitting materials) included in the light-emitting device include substances that emit fluorescence (fluorescent materials), substances that emit phosphorescence (phosphorescent materials), and substances that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (thermally activated delayed fluorescent (thermally activated delayed fluorescence: TADF) material).
  • TADF thermally activated delayed fluorescent
  • TADF material has a short emission lifetime (excitation lifetime), it is possible to suppress a decrease in efficiency in a high-luminance region of a light-emitting device.
  • an inorganic compound eg, quantum dot material
  • Light-emitting device 130 has an EL layer between a pair of electrodes.
  • the EL layer has at least a light-emitting layer.
  • one of a pair of electrodes may be referred to as a pixel electrode and the other may be referred to as a common electrode.
  • one electrode functions as an anode and the other electrode functions as a cathode.
  • the case where the pixel electrode functions as an anode and the common electrode functions as a cathode may be taken as an example.
  • the light-emitting device 130 includes a pixel electrode 111 on the layer 101 containing the transistor, an island-shaped EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111, a common layer 114 on the EL layer 113, a common electrode 115 on the common layer 114, have
  • the EL layer 113 has at least a light-emitting layer. Also, the EL layer 113 may have one or more of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole blocking layer, a charge generation layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • the common layer 114 has, for example, an electron injection layer or a hole injection layer.
  • the common layer 114 may have a laminate of an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer, or may have a laminate of a hole transport layer and a hole injection layer.
  • Common layer 114 is shared by multiple light emitting devices 130 , for example, shared by all light emitting devices 130 .
  • the common electrode 115 is shared by a plurality of light emitting devices 130 , for example, shared by all light emitting devices 130 .
  • a common electrode 115 shared by the plurality of light emitting devices 130 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 123 provided in the connecting portion 140 (see FIGS. 2B and 2C).
  • a conductive layer formed using the same material and in the same process as the pixel electrode 111 is preferably used for the conductive layer 123 .
  • FIG. 2B shows an example in which a common layer 114 is provided on the conductive layer 123 and the conductive layer 123 and the common electrode 115 are electrically connected through the common layer 114 .
  • the common layer 114 may not be provided in the connecting portion 140 .
  • FIG. 2C shows an example in which the conductive layer 123 and the common electrode 115 are directly connected.
  • a mask also referred to as an area mask, a rough metal mask, or the like
  • the common layer 114 and common electrode 115 can be formed in different regions.
  • FIG. 3A shows an enlarged view of the light emitting device shown in FIGS. 1B and 2A.
  • the edge of the EL layer 113 is located on the pixel electrode 111 .
  • the EL layer 113 is positioned in the center of the pixel electrode 111 .
  • a distance X1 from one upper surface end of the pixel electrode 111 to one lower surface end of the EL layer 113 and a distance X1 from the other upper surface end of the pixel electrode 111 to the EL layer 113 are separated from each other. It is preferable that the distance X2 to the other lower surface end portion match or substantially match.
  • the distance X1 and the distance X2 may be different from each other.
  • FIG. 3B shows an example in which the EL layer 113 is provided closer to the right end of the pixel electrode 111 and the distance X2 is shorter than the distance X1.
  • the end portion of the EL layer 113 may have both a portion positioned outside the end portion of the pixel electrode 111 and a portion positioned inside the end portion of the pixel electrode 111 .
  • the edge of the EL layer 113 is located outside the edge of the pixel electrode 111 and covers the edge of the pixel electrode 111 .
  • the left end of the EL layer 113 is located inside the left end of the pixel electrode 111
  • the right end of the pixel electrode 111 is positioned toward the right end of the EL layer 113 .
  • the edge of the EL layer 113 is located outside the edge of the pixel electrode 111 and covers the edge of the pixel electrode 111 .
  • the left end of the EL layer 113 is located inside the left end of the pixel electrode 111
  • the right end of the pixel electrode 111 is positioned toward the right end of the EL layer 113 .
  • the end portion of the pixel electrode 111 has a tapered shape.
  • the side surface of the pixel electrode 111 is tapered because foreign matter (eg, dust or particles) in the manufacturing process can be easily removed by a treatment such as cleaning.
  • a tapered shape refers to a shape in which at least part of a side surface of a structure is inclined with respect to a substrate surface or a formation surface. For example, it is preferable to have a region where the angle between the inclined side surface and the substrate surface or the formation surface (also referred to as a taper angle) is less than 90°.
  • the protective layer 131 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure of two or more layers.
  • the conductivity of the protective layer 131 does not matter. At least one of an insulating film, a semiconductor film, and a conductive film can be used as the protective layer 131 .
  • the protective layer 131 has an inorganic film, deterioration of the light-emitting device is suppressed, such as prevention of oxidation of the common electrode 115 and suppression of impurities (such as moisture and oxygen) from entering the light-emitting device 130, thereby improving the display device. reliability can be improved.
  • an inorganic insulating film such as an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, or a nitride oxide insulating film can be used.
  • oxide insulating films include silicon oxide films, aluminum oxide films, gallium oxide films, germanium oxide films, yttrium oxide films, zirconium oxide films, lanthanum oxide films, neodymium oxide films, hafnium oxide films, and tantalum oxide films.
  • the nitride insulating film include a silicon nitride film and an aluminum nitride film.
  • Examples of the oxynitride insulating film include a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxynitride film, and the like.
  • Examples of the nitride oxide insulating film include a silicon nitride oxide film, an aluminum nitride oxide film, and the like.
  • oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen
  • nitride oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen. point to the material.
  • silicon oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen
  • silicon nitride oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen. indicates
  • the protective layer 131 preferably has a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film, and more preferably has a nitride insulating film.
  • the protective layer 131 includes In—Sn oxide (also referred to as ITO), In—Zn oxide, Ga—Zn oxide, Al—Zn oxide, or indium gallium zinc oxide (In—Ga—Zn oxide).
  • ITO In—Sn oxide
  • In—Zn oxide Ga—Zn oxide
  • Al—Zn oxide Al—Zn oxide
  • indium gallium zinc oxide In—Ga—Zn oxide
  • An inorganic film containing a material such as IGZO can also be used.
  • the inorganic film preferably has a high resistance, and specifically, preferably has a higher resistance than the common electrode 115 .
  • the inorganic film may further contain nitrogen.
  • the protective layer 131 When the light emitted from the light-emitting device is taken out through the protective layer 131, the protective layer 131 preferably has high transparency to visible light.
  • the protective layer 131 preferably has high transparency to visible light.
  • ITO, IGZO, and aluminum oxide are preferable because they are inorganic materials with high transparency to visible light.
  • the protective layer 131 for example, a stacked structure of an aluminum oxide film and a silicon nitride film over the aluminum oxide film, or a stacked structure of an aluminum oxide film and an IGZO film over the aluminum oxide film, or the like can be used. can be done. By using the stacked structure, entry of impurities (such as water and oxygen) into the EL layer can be suppressed.
  • impurities such as water and oxygen
  • the protective layer 131 may have an organic film.
  • protective layer 131 may have both an organic film and an inorganic film.
  • the protective layer 131 may have a two-layer structure formed using different film formation methods. Specifically, the first layer of the protective layer 131 may be formed using the ALD method, and the second layer of the protective layer 131 may be formed using the sputtering method.
  • a colored layer 132R that transmits red light is provided on the protective layer 131 in the sub-pixel 110R. Accordingly, in the sub-pixel 110R, light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 100 through the colored layer 132R.
  • the colored layer 132R may be shared by a plurality of adjacent sub-pixels 110R. Also, one colored layer 132R may be provided independently for each sub-pixel 110R.
  • a colored layer 132G that transmits green light is provided on the protective layer 131. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, in the sub-pixel 110G, light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 100 through the colored layer 132G.
  • a colored layer 132B that transmits blue light is provided on the protective layer 131. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, in the sub-pixel 110B, light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as blue light to the outside of the display device 100 through the colored layer 132B.
  • 1B and 2A show an example in which colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B are provided directly on the light-emitting device 130 with a protective layer 131 interposed therebetween.
  • a protective layer 131 interposed therebetween.
  • the substrate 120 provided with the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B may be bonded to the protective layer 131 with the resin layer 122.
  • FIG. 4A By providing the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B over the substrate 120, the temperature of the heat treatment in these formation steps can be increased.
  • the side surface of the pixel electrode 111 and the side surface of the EL layer 113 are covered with insulating layers 125 and 127 . This prevents the common layer 114 (or the common electrode 115) from contacting the side surfaces of the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113, thereby suppressing short circuits in the light emitting device. This can improve the reliability of the light emitting device.
  • the insulating layer 125 preferably covers at least one of the side surfaces of the pixel electrode 111 and the side surface of the EL layer 113 , and more preferably covers both the side surface of the pixel electrode 111 and the side surface of the EL layer 113 .
  • the insulating layer 125 can be in contact with side surfaces of the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113 .
  • the insulating layer 127 is provided on the insulating layer 125 so as to fill the recesses of the insulating layer 125 .
  • the insulating layer 127 can overlap with the side surfaces of the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113 with the insulating layer 125 interposed therebetween (it can be said that the side surfaces are covered).
  • the space between adjacent island-shaped layers can be filled. can be made flatter. Therefore, it is possible to improve the coverage of the common electrode and prevent disconnection of the common electrode.
  • a common layer 114 and a common electrode 115 are provided over the EL layer 113 , the insulating layer 125 , and the insulating layer 127 .
  • the region where the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113 are provided and the region where the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113 are not provided region between the light emitting devices.
  • the steps can be planarized, and coverage with the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 can be improved. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a connection failure due to step disconnection of the common electrode 115 .
  • the heights of the top surface of the insulating layer 125 and the top surface of the insulating layer 127 are each equal to the height of the top surface at the end of the EL layer 113 . (which can also be said to be the height of the edge of the top surface of the EL layer 113).
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 preferably has a flat shape, it may have a convex portion, a convex curved surface, a concave curved surface, or a concave portion.
  • the insulating layer 125 or the insulating layer 127 can be provided so as to be in contact with the island-shaped EL layer 113 .
  • Adhesion between the insulating layer 125 or the insulating layer 127 and the EL layer 113 has the effect of fixing or bonding the adjacent EL layers 113 by the insulating layer 125 or the insulating layer 127 .
  • the EL layer 113 can be prevented from peeling off, and the reliability of the light-emitting device can be improved.
  • the production yield of the light-emitting device can be increased.
  • one of the insulating layer 125 and the insulating layer 127 may be omitted.
  • the insulating layer 125 by forming the insulating layer 125 with a single-layer structure using an inorganic material, the insulating layer 125 can be used as a protective insulating layer for the EL layer 113 . Thereby, the reliability of the display device can be improved.
  • the insulating layer 127 having a single-layer structure using an organic material the gap between the adjacent EL layers 113 can be filled with the insulating layer 127 and planarized. Accordingly, coverage of the common electrode 115 (upper electrode) formed over the EL layer 113 and the insulating layer 127 can be improved.
  • FIG. 4B shows an example in which the insulating layer 125 is not provided.
  • the insulating layer 127 can be in contact with side surfaces of the pixel electrode 111 and the EL layer 113 .
  • the insulating layer 127 can be provided so as to fill the space between the EL layers 113 included in each light emitting device 130 .
  • the insulating layer 127 is preferably made of an organic material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, or alcohol-soluble polyamide resin.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • polyvinyl butyral polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • polyethylene glycol polyglycerin
  • pullulan polyethylene glycol
  • polyglycerin polyglycerin
  • pullulan polyethylene glycol
  • water-soluble cellulose polyglycerin
  • FIG. 4C shows an example in which the insulating layer 127 is not provided.
  • FIG. 4C shows an example in which the common layer 114 enters the concave portion of the insulating layer 125, a gap may be formed in this region.
  • the insulating layer 125 has a region in contact with the side surface of the EL layer 113 and functions as a protective insulating layer for the EL layer 113 .
  • impurities oxygen, moisture, and the like
  • the insulating layer 125 can be prevented from entering the EL layer 113 from the side surface, so that the display device can have high reliability.
  • Insulating layer 125 can be an insulating layer comprising an inorganic material.
  • an inorganic insulating film such as an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, or a nitride oxide insulating film can be used, for example.
  • the insulating layer 125 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • the oxide insulating film includes a silicon oxide film, an aluminum oxide film, a magnesium oxide film, an indium gallium zinc oxide film, a gallium oxide film, a germanium oxide film, an yttrium oxide film, a zirconium oxide film, a lanthanum oxide film, a neodymium oxide film, and an oxide film.
  • a hafnium film, a tantalum oxide film, and the like are included.
  • the nitride insulating film include a silicon nitride film and an aluminum nitride film.
  • Examples of the oxynitride insulating film include a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxynitride film, and the like.
  • the nitride oxide insulating film examples include a silicon nitride oxide film, an aluminum nitride oxide film, and the like.
  • aluminum oxide is preferable because it has a high etching selectivity with respect to the EL layer and has a function of protecting the EL layer during formation of the insulating layer 127 described later.
  • an inorganic insulating film such as an aluminum oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, or a silicon oxide film formed by an ALD method to the insulating layer 125, the insulating layer 125 has few pinholes and has an excellent function of protecting the EL layer. can be formed.
  • the insulating layer 125 may have a layered structure of a film formed by an ALD method and a film formed by a sputtering method.
  • the insulating layer 125 may have a laminated structure of, for example, an aluminum oxide film formed by ALD and a silicon nitride film formed by sputtering.
  • the insulating layer 125 preferably functions as a barrier insulating layer against at least one of water and oxygen. Further, the insulating layer 125 preferably has a function of suppressing diffusion of at least one of water and oxygen. Further, the insulating layer 125 preferably has a function of capturing or fixing at least one of water and oxygen (also referred to as gettering).
  • the insulating layer 125 has a function as a barrier insulating layer or a gettering function to suppress entry of impurities (typically, at least one of water and oxygen) that can diffuse into each light-emitting device from the outside. is possible. With such a structure, a highly reliable light-emitting device and a highly reliable display device can be provided.
  • impurities typically, at least one of water and oxygen
  • the insulating layer 125 preferably has a low impurity concentration. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the EL layer due to entry of impurities from the insulating layer 125 into the EL layer. In addition, by reducing the impurity concentration in the insulating layer 125, the barrier property against at least one of water and oxygen can be improved.
  • the insulating layer 125 preferably has a sufficiently low hydrogen concentration or carbon concentration, or preferably both.
  • Methods for forming the insulating layer 125 include a sputtering method, a CVD method, a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, an ALD method, and the like.
  • the insulating layer 125 is preferably formed by an ALD method with good coverage.
  • the substrate temperature is preferably 60° C. or higher, more preferably 80° C. or higher, more preferably 100° C. or higher, and more preferably 120° C. or higher.
  • the substrate temperature is preferably 200° C. or lower, more preferably 180° C. or lower, more preferably 160° C. or lower, more preferably 150° C. or lower, and more preferably 140° C. or lower.
  • indices of heat resistance temperature include glass transition point, softening point, melting point, thermal decomposition temperature, and 5% weight loss temperature.
  • the heat resistance temperature of the EL layer can be any one of these temperatures, preferably the lowest temperature among them.
  • the insulating layer 127 provided on the insulating layer 125 has a function of planarizing the concave portions of the insulating layer 125 formed between adjacent light emitting devices. In other words, the presence of the insulating layer 127 has the effect of improving the flatness of the surface on which the common electrode 115 is formed.
  • an insulating layer containing an organic material can be preferably used.
  • acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, imide resin, polyamide resin, polyimideamide resin, silicone resin, siloxane resin, benzocyclobutene-based resin, phenolic resin, and precursors of these resins are applied. can do.
  • an organic material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, or alcohol-soluble polyamide resin may be used as the insulating layer 127 .
  • a photosensitive resin can be used as the insulating layer 127 .
  • a photoresist may be used as the photosensitive resin.
  • a positive material or a negative material can be used for the photosensitive resin.
  • a material that absorbs visible light may be used for the insulating layer 127 . Since the insulating layer 127 absorbs light emitted from the light emitting device, leakage of light (stray light) from the light emitting device to an adjacent light emitting device via the insulating layer 127 can be suppressed. Thereby, the display quality of the display device can be improved. In addition, since the display quality can be improved without using a polarizing plate for the display device, the weight and thickness of the display device can be reduced.
  • Materials that absorb visible light include materials containing pigments such as black, materials containing dyes, light-absorbing resin materials (e.g., polyimide), and resin materials that can be used for color filters (color filter materials ).
  • resin materials that can be used for color filters color filter materials
  • by mixing color filter materials of three or more colors it is possible to obtain a black or nearly black resin layer.
  • 5A to 5F show cross-sectional structures of a region 139 including the insulating layer 127 and its periphery.
  • FIG. 5A shows an example in which the thickness of the pixel electrode is different for each sub-pixel of each color. Specifically, the pixel electrode 111a and the pixel electrode 111b have different thicknesses.
  • FIG. 5A shows an example in which the pixel electrode 111a has a two-layer structure and the pixel electrode 111b has a single-layer structure. Note that in FIG. 5A, the number of layers of the pixel electrodes 111a and 111b does not matter as long as they have different thicknesses. Since the EL layer 113 is formed in common for sub-pixels of each color, the thickness of the EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111a and the thickness of the EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111b are the same or substantially the same.
  • the height of the top surface of the EL layer 113 is different between the pixel electrode 111a and the pixel electrode 111b.
  • the height of the top surface of the insulating layer 125 matches or substantially matches the height of the top surface of the EL layer 113 on both the pixel electrode 111a side and the pixel electrode 111b side.
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 has a gentle slope with a higher surface on the pixel electrode 111a side and a lower surface on the pixel electrode 111b side.
  • the insulating layers 125 and 127 may have a flat portion that is level with the top surface of any of the adjacent EL layers.
  • the top surface of insulating layer 127 has a region that is higher than the top surface of EL layer 113 .
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 can be configured to have a shape in which the center and the vicinity thereof bulge in a cross-sectional view, that is, have a convex curved surface.
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 has a shape that gently swells toward the center, that is, a convex curved surface, and has a shape that is depressed at and near the center, that is, a concave curved surface, in a cross-sectional view.
  • the insulating layer 127 has a region higher than the top surface of the EL layer 113 .
  • the display comprises at least one of sacrificial layer 118 and sacrificial layer 119 .
  • An end portion of the insulating layer 125 and an end portion of the insulating layer 127 overlap with the top surface of the EL layer 113 and are located on at least one of the sacrificial layer 118 and the sacrificial layer 119 .
  • the top surface of insulating layer 127 has a region that is lower than the top surface of EL layer 113 .
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 has a shape in which the center and its vicinity are depressed in a cross-sectional view, that is, has a concave curved surface.
  • the top surface of insulating layer 125 has a higher area than the top surface of EL layer 113.
  • the insulating layer 125 protrudes from the formation surface of the common layer 114 to form a convex portion.
  • the insulating layer 125 may protrude as shown in FIG. 5E. be.
  • the top surface of insulating layer 125 has a region that is lower than the top surface of EL layer 113. In FIG. That is, the insulating layer 125 forms a recess on the surface on which the common layer 114 is formed.
  • various shapes can be applied to the insulating layers 125 and 127 .
  • the sacrificial layer for example, one or more kinds of inorganic films such as metal films, alloy films, metal oxide films, semiconductor films, and inorganic insulating films can be used.
  • Sacrificial layers include, for example, metal materials such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, titanium, aluminum, yttrium, zirconium, and tantalum, and the metals
  • metal materials such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, titanium, aluminum, yttrium, zirconium, and tantalum, and the metals
  • An alloy material containing material can be used.
  • a metal oxide such as an In--Ga--Zn oxide can be used for the sacrificial layer.
  • the sacrificial layer for example, an In--Ga--Zn oxide film can be formed using a sputtering method.
  • indium oxide, In-Zn oxide, In-Sn oxide, indium titanium oxide (In-Ti oxide), indium tin zinc oxide (In-Sn-Zn oxide), indium titanium zinc oxide ( In--Ti--Zn oxide), indium gallium tin-zinc oxide (In--Ga--Sn--Zn oxide), and the like can be used.
  • indium tin oxide containing silicon or the like can be used.
  • element M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten , or one or more selected from magnesium
  • M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten , or one or more selected from magnesium
  • various inorganic insulating films that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used as the sacrificial layer.
  • an oxide insulating film is preferable because it has higher adhesion to the EL layer than a nitride insulating film.
  • the sacrificial layer can be inorganic insulating materials such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, and silicon oxide.
  • an aluminum oxide film can be formed using the ALD method. Use of the ALD method is preferable because damage to the base (especially the EL layer or the like) can be reduced.
  • a silicon nitride film can be formed using a sputtering method.
  • a lamination structure of an inorganic insulating film (eg, an aluminum oxide film) formed by an ALD method and an In—Ga—Zn oxide film formed by a sputtering method can be used as the sacrificial layer.
  • an inorganic insulating film (eg, aluminum oxide film) formed by an ALD method and an aluminum film, a tungsten film, or an inorganic insulating film (eg, a silicon nitride film) formed by a sputtering method are used as the sacrificial layer. , can be applied.
  • the distance between the light-emitting devices can be reduced.
  • the distance between light-emitting devices, the distance between EL layers, or the distance between pixel electrodes is less than 10 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or less, 500 nm or less, 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or 90 nm or less. , 70 nm or less, 50 nm or less, 30 nm or less, 20 nm or less, 15 nm or less, or 10 nm or less.
  • the display device of this embodiment has a region in which the distance between two adjacent EL layers 113 is 1 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m (500 nm) or less, more preferably 100 nm. It has the following areas.
  • a light shielding layer may be provided on the surface of the substrate 120 on the resin layer 122 side.
  • a material that shields the light emitted by the light emitting device can be used.
  • the light shielding layer preferably absorbs visible light.
  • a black matrix can be formed using a metal material, a resin material containing a pigment (such as carbon black) or a dye, or the like.
  • the light shielding layer may have a laminate structure of at least two layers of a red color filter, a green color filter, and a blue color filter.
  • optical members can be arranged outside the substrate 120 .
  • optical members include polarizing plates, retardation plates, light diffusion layers (diffusion films, etc.), antireflection layers, light collecting films, and the like.
  • an antistatic film that suppresses adhesion of dust a water-repellent film that prevents adhesion of dirt, a hard coat film that suppresses the occurrence of scratches due to use, a shock absorption layer, etc. Layers may be arranged.
  • a glass layer or a silica layer (SiO x layer) as a surface protective layer, because surface contamination and scratching can be suppressed.
  • DLC diamond-like carbon
  • AlO x aluminum oxide
  • polyester-based material polycarbonate-based material, or the like
  • a material having a high visible light transmittance is preferably used for the surface protective layer.
  • Glass, quartz, ceramic, sapphire, resin, metal, alloy, semiconductor, or the like can be used for the substrate 120 .
  • a material that transmits the light is used for the substrate on the side from which the light from the light-emitting device is extracted.
  • a flexible material for the substrate 120 By using a flexible material for the substrate 120, a flexible display can be realized, which increases the flexibility of the display device.
  • a polarizing plate may be used as the substrate 120 .
  • polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resins, acrylic resins, polyimide resins, polymethyl methacrylate resins, polycarbonate (PC) resins, and polyethersulfone (PES) resins.
  • polyamide resin nylon, aramid, etc.
  • polysiloxane resin cycloolefin resin
  • polystyrene resin polyamideimide resin
  • polyurethane resin polyvinyl chloride resin
  • polyvinylidene chloride resin polypropylene resin
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • ABS resin cellulose nanofiber, etc.
  • glass having a thickness that is flexible may be used.
  • a substrate having high optical isotropy is preferably used as the substrate of the display device.
  • a substrate with high optical isotropy has small birefringence (it can be said that the amount of birefringence is small).
  • the absolute value of the retardation (retardation) value of the substrate with high optical isotropy is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or less.
  • Films with high optical isotropy include triacetylcellulose (TAC, also called cellulose triacetate) films, cycloolefin polymer (COP) films, cycloolefin copolymer (COC) films, and acrylic films.
  • TAC triacetylcellulose
  • COP cycloolefin polymer
  • COC cycloolefin copolymer
  • the film when a film is used as the substrate, the film may absorb water, which may cause a change in shape such as wrinkling of the display panel. Therefore, it is preferable to use a film having a low water absorption rate as the substrate. For example, it is preferable to use a film with a water absorption of 1% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less, and even more preferably 0.01% or less.
  • various curable adhesives such as photocurable adhesives such as ultraviolet curable adhesives, reaction curable adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, and anaerobic adhesives can be used.
  • These adhesives include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, silicone resins, phenol resins, polyimide resins, imide resins, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resins, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resins, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resins, and the like.
  • a material with low moisture permeability such as epoxy resin is preferable.
  • a two-liquid mixed type resin may be used.
  • an adhesive sheet or the like may be used.
  • a conductive film that transmits visible light is used for the electrode on the light extraction side of the pixel electrode and the common electrode.
  • a conductive film that reflects visible light is preferably used for the electrode on the side from which light is not extracted.
  • the display device has a light-emitting device that emits infrared light
  • a conductive film that transmits visible light and infrared light is used for the electrode on the side from which light is extracted, and a conductive film is used for the electrode on the side that does not extract light.
  • a conductive film that reflects visible light and infrared light is preferably used.
  • a conductive film that transmits visible light may also be used for the electrode on the side from which light is not extracted.
  • the electrode is preferably arranged between the reflective layer and the EL layer. That is, the light emitted from the EL layer may be reflected by the reflective layer and extracted from the display device.
  • indium tin oxide also referred to as In—Sn oxide, ITO
  • In—Si—Sn oxide also referred to as ITSO
  • indium zinc oxide In—Zn oxide
  • In—W— Zn oxides aluminum-containing alloys (aluminum alloys) such as alloys of aluminum, nickel, and lanthanum (Al-Ni-La)
  • Al-Ni-La aluminum-containing alloys
  • Al-Ni-La aluminum-containing alloys
  • alloys of silver, palladium and copper Ag-Pd-Cu, also referred to as APC
  • elements belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the periodic table of elements not exemplified above e.g., lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr)), europium (Eu), ytterbium
  • Yb rare earth metal
  • an alloy containing an appropriate combination thereof, graphene, or the like can be used.
  • the light-emitting device preferably employs a micro-optical resonator (microcavity) structure. Therefore, one of the pair of electrodes of the light-emitting device preferably has an electrode (semi-transmissive/semi-reflective electrode) that is transparent and reflective to visible light, and the other is an electrode that is reflective to visible light ( reflective electrode). Since the light-emitting device has a microcavity structure, the light emitted from the light-emitting layer can be resonated between both electrodes, and the light emitted from the light-emitting device can be enhanced.
  • microcavity micro-optical resonator
  • the semi-transmissive/semi-reflective electrode can have a laminated structure of a reflective electrode and an electrode (also referred to as a transparent electrode) having transparency to visible light.
  • the light transmittance of the transparent electrode is set to 40% or more.
  • the light-emitting device preferably uses an electrode having a transmittance of 40% or more for visible light (light with a wavelength of 400 nm or more and less than 750 nm).
  • the visible light reflectance of the semi-transmissive/semi-reflective electrode is 10% or more and 95% or less, preferably 30% or more and 80% or less.
  • the visible light reflectance of the reflective electrode is 40% or more and 100% or less, preferably 70% or more and 100% or less.
  • the resistivity of these electrodes is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ cm or less.
  • a light-emitting layer is a layer containing a light-emitting material.
  • the emissive layer can have one or more emissive materials.
  • As the light-emitting material a substance that emits light of blue, purple, blue-violet, green, yellow-green, yellow, orange, red, or the like is used as appropriate. Alternatively, a substance that emits near-infrared light can be used as the light-emitting material.
  • Examples of light-emitting materials include fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, TADF materials, and quantum dot materials.
  • fluorescent materials include pyrene derivatives, anthracene derivatives, triphenylene derivatives, fluorene derivatives, carbazole derivatives, dibenzothiophene derivatives, dibenzofuran derivatives, dibenzoquinoxaline derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, phenanthrene derivatives, and naphthalene derivatives. be done.
  • Examples of phosphorescent materials include organometallic complexes (especially iridium complexes) having a 4H-triazole skeleton, 1H-triazole skeleton, imidazole skeleton, pyrimidine skeleton, pyrazine skeleton, or pyridine skeleton, and phenylpyridine derivatives having an electron-withdrawing group.
  • organometallic complexes especially iridium complexes
  • platinum complexes, rare earth metal complexes, etc. which are used as ligands, can be mentioned.
  • the light-emitting layer may contain one or more organic compounds (host material, assist material, etc.) in addition to the light-emitting material (guest material).
  • One or both of a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material can be used as the one or more organic compounds.
  • Bipolar materials or TADF materials may also be used as one or more organic compounds.
  • the light-emitting layer preferably includes, for example, a phosphorescent material and a combination of a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material that easily form an exciplex.
  • ExTET Exciplex-Triplet Energy Transfer
  • a combination that forms an exciplex exhibiting light emission that overlaps with the wavelength of the absorption band on the lowest energy side of the light-emitting material energy transfer becomes smooth and light emission can be efficiently obtained. With this configuration, high efficiency, low-voltage driving, and long life of the light-emitting device can be realized at the same time.
  • the EL layer 113 includes, as layers other than the light-emitting layer, a highly hole-injecting substance, a highly hole-transporting substance (also referred to as a hole-transporting material), a hole-blocking material, and a highly electron-transporting substance (electron (also referred to as a transport material), a substance with high electron-injection properties, an electron-blocking material, a bipolar substance (a substance with high electron-transport and hole-transport properties, also referred to as a bipolar material), or the like.
  • a highly hole-injecting substance also referred to as a hole-transporting material
  • a hole-transporting material also referred to as a hole-transporting material
  • hole-blocking material also referred to as a transport material
  • highly electron-transporting substance also referred to as a transport material
  • a substance with high electron-injection properties an electron-blocking material
  • a bipolar substance a substance with high electron-transport and hole-transport properties, also
  • Both low-molecular-weight compounds and high-molecular-weight compounds can be used in the light-emitting device, and inorganic compounds may be included.
  • Each of the layers constituting the light-emitting device can be formed by a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
  • EL layer 113 may have one or more of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
  • One or more of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer may be applied as the common layer 114 .
  • a carrier injection layer (hole injection layer or electron injection layer) may be formed as the common layer 114 .
  • the light emitting device 130 may not have the common layer 114 .
  • the EL layer 113 preferably has a light-emitting layer and a carrier transport layer over the light-emitting layer. As a result, exposure of the light-emitting layer to the outermost surface can be suppressed during the manufacturing process of the display device 100, and damage to the light-emitting layer can be reduced. This can improve the reliability of the light emitting device.
  • the hole-injecting layer is a layer that injects holes from the anode to the hole-transporting layer, and contains a substance having a high hole-injecting property.
  • Substances with high hole-injection properties include aromatic amine compounds and composite materials containing a hole-transporting material and an acceptor material (electron-accepting material).
  • the hole-transporting layer is a layer that transports the holes injected from the anode through the hole-injecting layer to the light-emitting layer.
  • a hole-transporting layer is a layer containing a hole-transporting material.
  • the hole-transporting material a substance having a hole mobility of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 /Vs or more is preferable. Note that substances other than these can be used as long as they have a higher hole-transport property than electron-transport property.
  • hole-transporting materials include ⁇ -electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds (e.g., carbazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, furan derivatives, etc.), aromatic amines (compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton), and other substances with high hole-transporting properties. is preferred.
  • ⁇ -electron-rich heteroaromatic compounds e.g., carbazole derivatives, thiophene derivatives, furan derivatives, etc.
  • aromatic amines compounds having an aromatic amine skeleton
  • other substances with high hole-transporting properties is preferred.
  • the electron-transporting layer is a layer that transports electrons injected from the cathode through the electron-injecting layer to the light-emitting layer.
  • the electron-transporting layer is a layer containing an electron-transporting material.
  • an electron-transporting material a substance having an electron mobility of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 cm 2 /Vs or more is preferable. Note that substances other than these substances can be used as long as they have a higher electron-transport property than hole-transport property.
  • electron-transporting materials include metal complexes having a quinoline skeleton, metal complexes having a benzoquinoline skeleton, metal complexes having an oxazole skeleton, metal complexes having a thiazole skeleton, oxadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, ⁇ -electrons including oxazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, quinoline derivatives with quinoline ligands, benzoquinoline derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, dibenzoquinoxaline derivatives, pyridine derivatives, bipyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, and other nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds
  • a substance having a high electron-transport property such as a deficient heteroaromatic compound can be used.
  • the electron injection layer is a layer that injects electrons from the cathode to the electron transport layer, and is a layer that contains a substance with high electron injection properties.
  • Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, or compounds thereof can be used as the substance with a high electron-injecting property.
  • a composite material containing an electron-transporting material and a donor material (electron-donating material) can also be used as the substance with high electron-injecting properties.
  • the electron injection layer examples include lithium, cesium, ytterbium, lithium fluoride (LiF), cesium fluoride (CsF), calcium fluoride (CaF x , X is an arbitrary number), and 8-(quinolinolato)lithium (abbreviation: Liq), 2-(2-pyridyl)phenoratritium (abbreviation: LiPP), 2-(2-pyridyl)-3-pyridinolatritium (abbreviation: LiPPy), 4-phenyl-2-(2-pyridyl)pheno Alkali metals such as latolithium (abbreviation: LiPPP), lithium oxide (LiO x ), cesium carbonate, alkaline earth metals, or compounds thereof can be used.
  • the electron injection layer may have a laminated structure of two or more layers. As the laminated structure, for example, lithium fluoride can be used for the first layer and ytterbium can be used for the second layer.
  • an electron-transporting material may be used as the electron injection layer.
  • a compound having a lone pair of electrons and an electron-deficient heteroaromatic ring can be used as the electron-transporting material.
  • a compound having at least one of a pyridine ring, diazine ring (pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, pyridazine ring), and triazine ring can be used.
  • the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the organic compound having an unshared electron pair is preferably ⁇ 3.6 eV or more and ⁇ 2.3 eV or less.
  • CV cyclic voltammetry
  • photoelectron spectroscopy optical absorption spectroscopy
  • inverse photoemission spectroscopy etc. are used to estimate the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and LUMO level of an organic compound. be able to.
  • BPhen 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
  • NBPhen 2,9-di(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
  • HATNA diquinoxalino [2,3-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine
  • TmPPPyTz 2,4,6-tris[3′-(pyridin-3-yl)biphenyl-3-yl]-1,3 , 5-triazine
  • the charge generation layer has at least a charge generation region.
  • the charge-generating layer has a function of injecting electrons into one of the two light-emitting units and holes into the other when a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes.
  • the charge generation layer has at least a charge generation region, as described above.
  • the charge generation region preferably contains an acceptor material, for example, preferably contains a hole transport material and an acceptor material applicable to the hole injection layer described above.
  • the charge generation layer preferably has a layer containing a substance having a high electron injection property.
  • This layer can also be called an electron injection buffer layer.
  • the electron injection buffer layer is preferably provided between the charge generation region and the electron transport layer. Since the injection barrier between the charge generation region and the electron transport layer can be relaxed by providing the electron injection buffer layer, electrons generated in the charge generation region can be easily injected into the electron transport layer.
  • the electron injection buffer layer preferably contains an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and can be configured to contain, for example, an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound.
  • the electron injection buffer layer preferably has an inorganic compound containing an alkali metal and oxygen, or an inorganic compound containing an alkaline earth metal and oxygen. Lithium (Li 2 O), etc.) is more preferred.
  • the above materials applicable to the electron injection layer can be preferably used.
  • the charge generation layer preferably has a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property. Such layers may also be referred to as electron relay layers.
  • the electron relay layer is preferably provided between the charge generation region and the electron injection buffer layer. If the charge generation layer does not have an electron injection buffer layer, the electron relay layer is preferably provided between the charge generation region and the electron transport layer.
  • the electron relay layer has a function of smoothly transferring electrons by preventing interaction between the charge generation region and the electron injection buffer layer (or electron transport layer).
  • a phthalocyanine-based material such as copper (II) phthalocyanine (abbreviation: CuPc), or a metal complex having a metal-oxygen bond and an aromatic ligand.
  • charge generation region electron injection buffer layer, and electron relay layer may not be clearly distinguished depending on their cross-sectional shape, characteristics, or the like.
  • the charge generation layer may contain a donor material instead of the acceptor material.
  • the charge-generating layer may have a layer containing an electron-transporting material and a donor material, which are applicable to the electron-injecting layer described above.
  • FIGS. 6A to 6D and FIGS. 7A to 7C show side by side a cross-sectional view between dashed line A1-A2 in FIG. 1A and a cross-sectional view between dashed line C1-C2 in FIG. 1A.
  • a thin film (an insulating film, a semiconductor film, a conductive film, or the like) forming a display device can be formed using a sputtering method, a CVD method, a vacuum deposition method, a PLD method, an ALD method, or the like.
  • CVD methods include PECVD and thermal CVD.
  • one of the thermal CVD methods is the metal organic CVD (MOCVD) method.
  • the thin films (insulating film, semiconductor film, conductive film, etc.) that make up the display device can be applied by spin coating, dipping, spray coating, inkjet, dispensing, screen printing, offset printing, doctor knife, slit coating, roll coating, It can be formed by curtain coating, knife coating, or the like.
  • a vacuum process such as a vapor deposition method and a solution process such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method can be used for manufacturing a light-emitting device.
  • vapor deposition methods include physical vapor deposition (PVD) such as sputtering, ion plating, ion beam vapor deposition, molecular beam vapor deposition, and vacuum vapor deposition, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
  • the functional layers (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, light emitting layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) included in the EL layer may be formed by a vapor deposition method (vacuum vapor deposition method, etc.), a coating method (dip coating method, die coat method, bar coat method, spin coat method, spray coat method, etc.), printing method (inkjet method, screen (stencil printing) method, offset (lithographic printing) method, flexographic (letterpress printing) method, gravure method, or micro contact method, etc.).
  • a vapor deposition method vacuum vapor deposition method, etc.
  • a coating method dip coating method, die coat method, bar coat method, spin coat method, spray coat method, etc.
  • printing method inkjet method, screen (stencil printing) method, offset (lithographic printing) method, flexographic (letterpress printing) method, gravure method, or micro contact method, etc.
  • a photolithography method or the like can be used when processing a thin film forming a display device.
  • the thin film may be processed by a nanoimprint method, a sandblast method, a lift-off method, or the like.
  • an island-shaped thin film may be directly formed by a film formation method using a shielding mask such as a metal mask.
  • the photolithography method there are typically the following two methods.
  • One is a method of forming a resist mask on a thin film to be processed, processing the thin film by etching or the like, and removing the resist mask.
  • the other is a method of forming a thin film having photosensitivity and then exposing and developing the thin film to process the thin film into a desired shape.
  • the light used for exposure can be, for example, i-line (wavelength 365 nm), g-line (wavelength 436 nm), h-line (wavelength 405 nm), or a mixture thereof.
  • ultraviolet rays, KrF laser light, ArF laser light, or the like can also be used.
  • extreme ultraviolet (EUV: Extreme Ultra-violet) light or X-rays may be used.
  • An electron beam can also be used instead of the light used for exposure. The use of extreme ultraviolet light, X-rays, or electron beams is preferable because extremely fine processing is possible.
  • a photomask is not necessary when exposure is performed by scanning a beam such as an electron beam.
  • a dry etching method, a wet etching method, a sandblasting method, or the like can be used for etching the thin film.
  • a pixel electrode 111 and a conductive layer 123 are formed over a layer 101 including a transistor (FIG. 6A).
  • a sputtering method or a vacuum deposition method can be used to form the pixel electrode 111 .
  • an EL film 113A which later becomes the EL layer 113, is formed on the pixel electrode 111 and the layer 101 including the transistor (FIG. 6B).
  • the EL film 113A is not formed on the conductive layer 123 in the cross-sectional view along the dashed-dotted line C1-C2.
  • the EL film 113A can be formed only in a desired region by using a mask 191 (also referred to as an area mask or a rough metal mask to distinguish from a fine metal mask) for defining a film formation area.
  • a mask 191 also referred to as an area mask or a rough metal mask to distinguish from a fine metal mask
  • a light-emitting device is formed using a resist mask. By combining with an area mask as described above, a light-emitting device can be manufactured through a relatively simple process.
  • the EL film 113A can be formed, for example, by a vapor deposition method, specifically a vacuum vapor deposition method.
  • FIG. 6B shows a state in which a film is formed by a so-called face-down method, in which the substrate is turned over so that the surface to be formed faces downward.
  • the EL film 113A may be formed by a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
  • a sacrificial film 118A that will later become the sacrificial layer 118 and a sacrificial film 119A that will later become the sacrificial layer 119 are sequentially formed on the EL film 113A and the conductive layer 123 (FIG. 6C).
  • a film having high resistance to the processing conditions of the EL film 113A specifically, a film having a high etching selectivity with respect to the EL film 113A is used.
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A can be formed by sputtering, ALD (including thermal ALD and PEALD), CVD, or vacuum deposition, for example.
  • ALD including thermal ALD and PEALD
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • the sacrificial film 118A formed on and in contact with the EL film 113A is preferably formed using a formation method that causes less damage to the EL film 113A than the sacrificial film 119A.
  • the sacrificial films 118A and 119A are formed at a temperature lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the EL film 113A.
  • the substrate temperature when forming the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A is typically 200° C. or lower, preferably 150° C. or lower, more preferably 120° C. or lower, more preferably 100° C. or lower, and still more preferably. is below 80°C.
  • a film that can be removed by a wet etching method is preferably used for the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A.
  • damage to the EL film 113A during processing of the sacrificial films 118A and 119A can be reduced as compared with the case of using the dry etching method.
  • a film having a high etching selectivity with respect to the sacrificial film 119A is preferably used for the sacrificial film 118A.
  • each layer (a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, etc.) constituting the EL film is difficult to process.
  • various sacrificial films are difficult to process in the process of processing each layer constituting the EL film. It is desirable to select the material of the sacrificial film, the processing method, and the processing method of the EL film in consideration of these factors.
  • the sacrificial film may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure of three or more layers.
  • inorganic films such as metal films, alloy films, metal oxide films, semiconductor films, organic insulating films, and inorganic insulating films can be used.
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A are each made of, for example, gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, titanium, aluminum, yttrium, zirconium, and tantalum.
  • a metallic material or an alloy material containing the metallic material can be used.
  • it is preferable to use a low melting point material such as aluminum or silver.
  • a metal material capable of blocking ultraviolet light for one or both of the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A, irradiation of the EL film with ultraviolet light can be suppressed, and deterioration of the EL film can be suppressed. ,preferable.
  • Metal oxides such as In--Ga--Zn oxides can be used for the sacrificial films 118A and 119A.
  • As the sacrificial film 118A or the sacrificial film 119A for example, an In--Ga--Zn oxide film can be formed using a sputtering method.
  • indium oxide, In-Zn oxide, In-Sn oxide, indium titanium oxide (In-Ti oxide), indium tin zinc oxide (In-Sn-Zn oxide), indium titanium zinc oxide ( In--Ti--Zn oxide), indium gallium tin-zinc oxide (In--Ga--Sn--Zn oxide), or the like can be used.
  • indium tin oxide containing silicon or the like can be used.
  • element M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten , or one or more selected from magnesium
  • M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten , or one or more selected from magnesium
  • Various inorganic insulating films that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used as the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A.
  • an oxide insulating film is preferable because it has higher adhesion to the EL layer than a nitride insulating film.
  • inorganic insulating materials such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, and silicon oxide can be used for the sacrificial films 118A and 119A, respectively.
  • an aluminum oxide film can be formed using the ALD method. Use of the ALD method is preferable because damage to the base (especially the EL layer or the like) can be reduced.
  • an inorganic insulating film e.g., aluminum oxide film
  • an inorganic film e.g., In--Ga--Zn oxide film
  • metal film, aluminum film, or tungsten film can be used.
  • both the sacrificial film 118A and the insulating layer 125 can be formed using an aluminum oxide film using the ALD method.
  • the same film formation conditions may be applied to the sacrificial film 118A and the insulating layer 125, or different film formation conditions may be applied.
  • the sacrificial film 118A can be an insulating layer having a high barrier property against at least one of water and oxygen.
  • the sacrificial film 118A is a layer from which most or all of which will be removed in a later process, it is preferable that the sacrificial film 118A be easily processed. Therefore, it is preferable to form the sacrificial film 118A under the condition that the substrate temperature during film formation is lower than that of the insulating layer 125 .
  • An organic material may be used for one or both of the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A.
  • a material that can be dissolved in a solvent that is chemically stable with respect to at least the film positioned at the top of the EL film 113A may be used.
  • materials that dissolve in water or alcohol can be preferably used.
  • it is preferable to dissolve the material in a solvent such as water or alcohol apply the material by a wet film forming method, and then perform heat treatment to evaporate the solvent. At this time, heat treatment is preferably performed in a reduced-pressure atmosphere because the solvent can be removed at a low temperature in a short time, so that thermal damage to the EL layer can be reduced.
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A are each formed by a wet process such as spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, inkjet, dispensing, screen printing, offset printing, doctor knife method, slit coating, roll coating, curtain coating, or knife coating. It may be formed using a film forming method.
  • an organic resin such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, or alcohol-soluble polyamide resin is used. good too.
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A may each be made of fluororesin such as perfluoropolymer.
  • an organic film for example, a PVA film
  • an inorganic film for example, a PVA film
  • a silicon nitride film can be used.
  • a resist mask 190 is formed on the sacrificial film 119A (FIG. 6C).
  • the resist mask 190 can be formed by applying a photosensitive resin (photoresist) and performing exposure and development.
  • the resist mask may be manufactured using either a positive resist material or a negative resist material.
  • the resist mask 190 is provided at a position overlapping with the pixel electrode 111 .
  • one island pattern is preferably provided for one sub-pixel.
  • the resist mask 190 is preferably provided also at a position overlapping with the conductive layer 123 . Accordingly, damage to the conductive layer 123 during the manufacturing process of the display device can be suppressed. Note that the resist mask 190 is not necessarily provided over the conductive layer 123 .
  • part of the sacrificial film 119A is removed to form a sacrificial layer 119 (FIG. 6D).
  • the sacrificial layer 119 remains on the pixel electrode 111 and the conductive layer 123 .
  • etching the sacrificial film 119A it is preferable to use etching conditions with a high selectivity so that the sacrificial film 118A is not removed by the etching. Further, in processing the sacrificial film 119A, since the EL film 113A is not exposed, the range of processing methods to be selected is wider than in processing the sacrificial film 118A. Specifically, deterioration of the EL film 113A can be further suppressed even when a gas containing oxygen is used as an etching gas when processing the sacrificial film 119A.
  • the resist mask 190 is removed.
  • the resist mask 190 can be removed by ashing using oxygen plasma.
  • an oxygen gas and a noble gas such as CF 4 , C 4 F 8 , SF 6 , CHF 3 , Cl 2 , H 2 O, BCl 3 , or He may be used.
  • the resist mask 190 may be removed by wet etching.
  • the sacrificial film 118A is positioned on the top surface and the EL film 113A is not exposed, damage to the EL film 113A in the step of removing the resist mask 190 can be suppressed.
  • the range of options for removing the resist mask 190 can be expanded.
  • part of the sacrificial film 118A is removed to form a sacrificial layer 118 (FIG. 6D).
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A can be processed by wet etching or dry etching, respectively.
  • the sacrificial film 118A and the sacrificial film 119A are preferably processed by anisotropic etching.
  • a wet etching method By using the wet etching method, damage to the EL film 113A during processing of the sacrificial films 118A and 119A can be reduced as compared with the case of using the dry etching method.
  • a wet etching method for example, a developer, a tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution, dilute hydrofluoric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, or a chemical solution using a mixed liquid thereof can be used. preferable.
  • TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
  • deterioration of the EL film 113A can be suppressed by not using an oxygen-containing gas as an etching gas.
  • a gas containing a noble gas such as CF 4 , C 4 F 8 , SF 6 , CHF 3 , Cl 2 , H 2 O, BCl 3 , or He is used for etching. Gases are preferred.
  • the sacrificial film 118A can be processed by dry etching using CHF 3 and He.
  • the sacrificial film 119A can be processed by wet etching using diluted phosphoric acid. Alternatively, it may be processed by a dry etching method using CH 4 and Ar. Alternatively, the sacrificial film 119A can be processed by a wet etching method using diluted phosphoric acid.
  • the sacrificial film 119A is dry-etched using SF 6 , CF 4 and O 2 , or CF 4 and Cl 2 and O 2 . can be processed.
  • the EL layer 113 is formed by processing the EL film 113A. For example, using the sacrificial layer 119 and the sacrificial layer 118 as a hard mask, part of the EL film 113A is removed to form the EL layer 113 (FIG. 6D).
  • a plurality of EL layers 113 can be formed by processing the EL film 113A.
  • the EL film 113 A can be divided into a plurality of EL layers 113 .
  • the EL film 113A does not have to be divided in either the row direction or the column direction.
  • the shape of the EL layer 113 can be strip-shaped.
  • the processing of the EL film 113A is preferably performed by anisotropic etching.
  • Anisotropic dry etching is particularly preferred.
  • wet etching may be used.
  • deterioration of the EL film 113A can be suppressed by not using an oxygen-containing gas as an etching gas.
  • a gas containing oxygen may be used as the etching gas.
  • the etching gas contains oxygen, the etching speed can be increased. Therefore, etching can be performed under low power conditions while maintaining a sufficiently high etching rate. Therefore, damage to the EL film 113A can be suppressed. Furthermore, problems such as adhesion of reaction products that occur during etching can be suppressed.
  • a dry etching method for example, H2, CF4 , C4F8 , SF6 , CHF3 , Cl2 , H2O , BCl3 , or a noble gas such as He or Ar (also referred to as a noble gas)
  • a gas containing one or more of these and oxygen is preferably used as an etching gas.
  • oxygen gas may be used as the etching gas.
  • a gas containing H 2 and Ar or a gas containing CF 4 and He can be used as the etching gas.
  • a gas containing CF 4 , He, and oxygen can be used as the etching gas.
  • the sacrificial layer 119 is formed by forming the resist mask 190 over the sacrificial film 119A and removing part of the sacrificial film 119A using the resist mask 190 .
  • the EL layer 113 is formed by removing part of the EL film 113A using the sacrificial layer 119 as a hard mask. Therefore, it can be said that the EL layer 113 is formed by processing the EL film 113A using the photolithography method.
  • the resist mask 190 may be used to partially remove the EL film 113A. After that, the resist mask 190 may be removed.
  • the EL layer 113 is provided in an island shape for each subpixel, generation of leakage current between subpixels can be suppressed. As a result, deterioration in display quality of the display device can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to achieve both high definition of the display device and high display quality.
  • an insulating film 125A that will later become the insulating layer 125 is formed so as to cover the pixel electrode 111, the EL layer 113, the sacrificial layer 118, and the sacrificial layer 119 (FIG. 7A).
  • the insulating film 125A can be formed using the material that can be used for the insulating layer 125 described above.
  • the substrate temperature is 60° C. or higher, 80° C. or higher, 100° C. or higher, or 120° C. or higher and 200° C. or lower, 180° C. or lower, 160° C. or lower, 150° C. or lower, or 140° C. It is preferable to form an insulating film with a thickness of 3 nm or more, 5 nm or more, or 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 150 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or 50 nm or less under the following conditions.
  • an aluminum oxide film is preferably formed using the ALD method.
  • an insulating film 127A is formed on the insulating film 125A (FIG. 7A).
  • the insulating film 127A can be formed using the material that can be used for the insulating layer 127 described above.
  • a photosensitive material can be used, for example, a photosensitive resin can be used.
  • the insulating film 127A is formed by a wet film forming method such as spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, inkjet, dispensing, screen printing, offset printing, doctor knife method, slit coating, roll coating, curtain coating, knife coating, or the like. can be formed.
  • the insulating film 125A and the insulating film 127A are preferably formed by a formation method that causes less damage to the EL layer 113 .
  • the insulating film 125A is formed in contact with the side surface of the EL layer 113, it is preferably formed by a formation method that causes less damage to the EL layer 113 than the insulating film 127A.
  • the insulating films 125A and 127A are each formed at a temperature lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the EL layer 113 .
  • the substrate temperature when forming the insulating film 125A and the insulating film 127A is typically 200° C. or lower, preferably 180° C. or lower, more preferably 160° C.
  • an aluminum oxide film can be formed using an ALD method.
  • the use of the ALD method is preferable because film formation damage can be reduced and a film with high coverage can be formed.
  • the insulating film 127A is processed to form the insulating layer 127 (FIG. 7B).
  • the insulating layer 127 can be formed by exposing and developing the insulating film 127A. Note that etching may be performed to adjust the height of the surface of the insulating layer 127 .
  • the insulating layer 127 may be processed, for example, by ashing using oxygen plasma. Further, even when a non-photosensitive material is used for the insulating film 127A, the height of the surface of the insulating layer 127 can be adjusted by the ashing or the like.
  • the insulating film 125A is preferably processed by a dry etching method.
  • the insulating film 125A is preferably processed by anisotropic etching.
  • the insulating film 125A can be processed using an etching gas that can be used for processing the sacrificial film.
  • the sacrificial layer 119 and the sacrificial layer 118 are removed. Accordingly, at least part of the upper surface of the EL layer 113 and the upper surface of the conductive layer 123 are exposed.
  • a wet etching method is preferably used to remove the sacrificial layer. As a result, damage to the EL layer 113 during removal of the sacrificial layer can be reduced as compared with the case of removing the sacrificial layer using, for example, a dry etching method.
  • the sacrificial layer may be removed by dissolving it in a solvent such as water or alcohol.
  • Alcohols include ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), glycerin, and the like.
  • drying treatment may be performed in order to remove water contained in the EL layer and water adsorbed to the surface of the EL layer.
  • heat treatment can be performed in an inert gas atmosphere or a reduced pressure atmosphere.
  • the heat treatment can be performed at a substrate temperature of 50° C. to 200° C., preferably 60° C. to 150° C., more preferably 70° C. to 120° C.
  • a reduced-pressure atmosphere is preferable because drying can be performed at a lower temperature.
  • the common layer 114 is formed over the insulating layer 125 , the insulating layer 127 , and the EL layer 113 . After that, a common electrode 115 is formed on the common layer 114 (FIG. 7C).
  • the common layer 114 can be formed by a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like. As previously mentioned, common layer 114 may comprise, for example, an electron injection layer or a hole injection layer.
  • a sputtering method or a vacuum deposition method can be used for forming the common electrode 115.
  • a film formed by an evaporation method and a film formed by a sputtering method may be stacked.
  • a protective layer 131 is formed on the common electrode 115, and colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B are formed on the protective layer 131 (FIG. 7C). Furthermore, by using the resin layer 122 to bond the substrate 120 onto the protective layer 131 and the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, the display device 100 shown in FIGS. 1B and 2C can be manufactured.
  • Methods for forming the protective layer 131 include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ALD method, and the like. Moreover, the protective layer 131 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • the arrangement of sub-pixels includes, for example, a stripe arrangement, an S-stripe arrangement, a matrix arrangement, a delta arrangement, a Bayer arrangement, and a pentile arrangement.
  • top surface shapes of sub-pixels include triangles, quadrilaterals (including rectangles and squares), polygons such as pentagons, shapes with rounded corners, ellipses, and circles.
  • the top surface shape of the sub-pixel corresponds to the top surface shape of the light emitting region of the light emitting device.
  • the S-stripe arrangement is applied to the pixel 110 shown in FIG. 8A.
  • the pixel 110 shown in FIG. 8A is composed of three sub-pixels, sub-pixels 110a, 110b and 110c.
  • the sub-pixel 110a may be the blue sub-pixel B
  • the sub-pixel 110b may be the red sub-pixel R
  • the sub-pixel 110c may be the green sub-pixel G.
  • the pixel 110 shown in FIG. 8B includes a subpixel 110a having a substantially trapezoidal top surface shape with rounded corners, a subpixel 110b having a substantially triangular top surface shape with rounded corners, and a substantially square or substantially hexagonal top surface shape with rounded corners. and a sub-pixel 110c having Also, the sub-pixel 110a has a larger light emitting area than the sub-pixel 110b.
  • the shape and size of each sub-pixel can be determined independently. For example, sub-pixels with more reliable light emitting devices can be smaller in size.
  • the sub-pixel 110a may be the green sub-pixel G
  • the sub-pixel 110b may be the red sub-pixel R
  • the sub-pixel 110c may be the blue sub-pixel B.
  • FIG. 8C shows an example in which pixels 124a having sub-pixels 110a and 110b and pixels 124b having sub-pixels 110b and 110c are alternately arranged.
  • the sub-pixel 110a may be the red sub-pixel R
  • the sub-pixel 110b may be the green sub-pixel G
  • the sub-pixel 110c may be the blue sub-pixel B.
  • Pixels 124a, 124b shown in FIGS. 8D and 8E have a delta arrangement applied.
  • Pixel 124a has two sub-pixels (sub-pixels 110a and 110b) in the upper row (first row) and one sub-pixel (sub-pixel 110c) in the lower row (second row).
  • Pixel 124b has one sub-pixel (sub-pixel 110c) in the upper row (first row) and two sub-pixels (sub-pixels 110a and 110b) in the lower row (second row).
  • sub-pixel 110a may be red sub-pixel R
  • sub-pixel 110b may be green sub-pixel G
  • sub-pixel 110c may be blue sub-pixel B, as shown in FIG. 10D.
  • FIG. 8D is an example in which each sub-pixel has a substantially square top surface shape with rounded corners
  • FIG. 8E is an example in which each sub-pixel has a circular top surface shape.
  • FIG. 8F is an example in which sub-pixels of each color are arranged in a zigzag pattern. Specifically, when viewed from above, the positions of the upper sides of two sub-pixels (for example, sub-pixel 110a and sub-pixel 110b or sub-pixel 110b and sub-pixel 110c) aligned in the column direction are shifted.
  • sub-pixel 110a may be red sub-pixel R
  • sub-pixel 110b may be green sub-pixel G
  • sub-pixel 110c may be blue sub-pixel B, as shown in FIG. 10E.
  • the top surface shape of the sub-pixel may be a polygonal shape with rounded corners, an elliptical shape, a circular shape, or the like.
  • the EL layer is processed into an island shape using a resist mask.
  • the resist film formed on the EL layer needs to be cured at a temperature lower than the heat resistance temperature of the EL layer. Therefore, depending on the heat resistance temperature of the EL layer material and the curing temperature of the resist material, curing of the resist film may be insufficient.
  • a resist film that is insufficiently hardened may take a shape away from the desired shape during processing.
  • the top surface shape of the EL layer may be a polygon with rounded corners, an ellipse, or a circle. For example, when a resist mask having a square top surface is formed, a resist mask having a circular top surface is formed, and the EL layer may have a circular top surface.
  • a technique for correcting the mask pattern in advance so that the design pattern and the transfer pattern match.
  • OPC Optical Proximity Correction
  • a pattern for correction is added to a corner portion of a figure on a mask pattern.
  • the arrangement order of the sub-pixels is not particularly limited.
  • the arrangement order of the sub-pixels may be arranged in the order of the sub-pixels B of .
  • a pixel can have four types of sub-pixels.
  • a stripe arrangement is applied to the pixels 110 shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C.
  • FIG. 9A is an example in which each sub-pixel has a rectangular top surface shape
  • FIG. 9B is an example in which each sub-pixel has a top surface shape connecting two semicircles and a rectangle
  • FIG. This is an example where the sub-pixel has an elliptical top surface shape.
  • a matrix arrangement is applied to the pixels 110 shown in FIGS. 9D to 9F.
  • FIG. 9D is an example in which each subpixel has a square top surface shape
  • FIG. 9E is an example in which each subpixel has a substantially square top surface shape with rounded corners
  • FIG. 9F is an example in which each subpixel has a square top surface shape. , which have a circular top shape.
  • 9G and 9H show an example in which one pixel 110 is composed of 2 rows and 3 columns.
  • the pixel 110 shown in FIG. 9G has three sub-pixels (sub-pixels 110a, 110b, 110c) in the upper row (first row) and one sub-pixel ( sub-pixel 110d).
  • pixel 110 has sub-pixel 110a in the left column (first column), sub-pixel 110b in the middle column (second column), and sub-pixel 110b in the right column (third column). It has pixels 110c and sub-pixels 110d over these three columns.
  • the pixel 110 shown in FIG. 9H has three sub-pixels (sub-pixels 110a, 110b, 110c) in the upper row (first row) and three sub-pixels 110d in the lower row (second row). have In other words, pixel 110 has sub-pixels 110a and 110d in the left column (first column), sub-pixels 110b and 110d in the center column (second column), and sub-pixels 110b and 110d in the middle column (second column).
  • a column (third column) has a sub-pixel 110c and a sub-pixel 110d.
  • the pixel 110 shown in FIGS. 9A-9H consists of four sub-pixels, sub-pixels 110a, 110b, 110c and 110d.
  • the sub-pixels 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d have light emitting devices that emit different colors of light.
  • As the sub-pixels 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d four-color sub-pixels of R, G, B, and white (W), four-color sub-pixels of R, G, B, and Y, or R, G, and B , infrared light (IR) sub-pixels, and the like.
  • subpixels 110a, 110b, 110c, and 110d can be red, green, blue, and white subpixels, respectively.
  • various layouts can be applied to pixels each including a subpixel including a light-emitting device.
  • the island-shaped EL layer is not formed using a metal mask having a fine pattern, but after the EL layer is formed over the entire surface. Formed by processing. Therefore, the size of the island-shaped EL layer and further the size of the sub-pixel can be reduced as compared with the case of forming using a metal mask. Therefore, it is possible to realize a high-definition display device or a display device with a high aperture ratio, which has hitherto been difficult to achieve.
  • EL layers with the same structure can be used for subpixels of each color; therefore, the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
  • the EL layer can be processed only once by a photolithography method; therefore, the display device can be manufactured with high yield.
  • the display device of this embodiment can be a high-resolution display device or a large-sized display device. Therefore, the display device of the present embodiment can be used, for example, in televisions, desktop or notebook personal computers, monitors for computers, digital signage, and relatively large screens such as large game machines such as pachinko machines. It can be used for display portions of digital cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones, portable game machines, personal digital assistants, and sound reproducing devices, in addition to electronic devices equipped with
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the display device 100A
  • FIG. 12A shows a cross-sectional view of the display device 100A.
  • the display device 100A has a configuration in which a substrate 152 and a substrate 151 are bonded together.
  • the substrate 152 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the display device 100A includes a display portion 162, a connection portion 140, a circuit 164, wirings 165, and the like.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which an IC 173 and an FPC 172 are mounted on the display device 100A. Therefore, the configuration shown in FIG. 11 can also be said to be a display module including the display device 100A, an IC (integrated circuit), and an FPC.
  • the connecting portion 140 is provided outside the display portion 162 .
  • the connection portion 140 can be provided along one side or a plurality of sides of the display portion 162 .
  • the number of connection parts 140 may be singular or plural.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which connection portions 140 are provided so as to surround the four sides of the display portion.
  • the connection part 140 the common electrode of the light emitting device and the conductive layer are electrically connected, and a potential can be supplied to the common electrode.
  • a scanning line driver circuit can be used.
  • the wiring 165 has a function of supplying signals and power to the display portion 162 and the circuit 164 .
  • the signal and power are input to the wiring 165 from the outside through the FPC 172 or input to the wiring 165 from the IC 173 .
  • FIG. 11 shows an example in which an IC 173 is provided on a substrate 151 by a COG (Chip On Glass) method, a COF (Chip On Film) method, or the like.
  • a COG Chip On Glass
  • COF Chip On Film
  • the IC 173 for example, an IC having a scanning line driver circuit or a signal line driver circuit can be applied.
  • the display device 100A and the display module may be configured without an IC.
  • the IC may be mounted on the FPC by the COF method or the like.
  • part of the area including the FPC 172, part of the circuit 164, part of the display part 162, part of the connection part 140, and part of the area including the end of the display device 100A are cut off.
  • An example of a cross section is shown.
  • the display device 100A illustrated in FIG. 12A includes a transistor 201 and a transistor 205, a light-emitting device 130, a colored layer 132R transmitting red light, a colored layer 132G transmitting green light, and It has a colored layer 132B and the like that transmit blue light.
  • Light emitting device 130 may be configured to emit white light. Light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132R is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 100A through the colored layer 132R. Similarly, light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132G is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 100A through the colored layer 132G. Further, light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132B is extracted as blue light to the outside of the display device 100A through the colored layer 132B.
  • Embodiment 1 The pixel layout exemplified in Embodiment 1 can be applied to the display device 100A.
  • the light-emitting devices included in the sub-pixels that emit light of each color can all have the same configuration, for example, they can have a configuration that emits white light.
  • the EL layers 113 included in the light-emitting device can have the same structure.
  • the EL layer 113 included in each light emitting device is separated, the occurrence of leakage current between the light emitting devices can be suppressed. Thereby, the display quality of the display device can be improved.
  • the light-emitting device 130 has a structure similar to the laminated structure shown in FIG. 1B, except that the configuration of the pixel electrodes is different. Embodiment 1 can be referred to for details of the light emitting device 130 .
  • the light emitting device 130 has a conductive layer 126 and a conductive layer 129 over the conductive layer 126 .
  • One or both of the conductive layer 126 and the conductive layer 129 can be called a pixel electrode.
  • the conductive layer 126 is connected to the conductive layer 222 b included in the transistor 205 through an opening provided in the insulating layer 214 .
  • the end of the conductive layer 126 and the end of the conductive layer 129 are aligned or substantially aligned, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the conductive layer 129 may be provided so as to cover the end portion of the conductive layer 126 .
  • Each of the conductive layer 126 and the conductive layer 129 preferably has a conductive layer that functions as a reflective electrode. Furthermore, one or both of the conductive layer 126 and the conductive layer 129 may have a conductive layer that functions as a transparent electrode. For example, it is preferable to use a conductive film that reflects visible light as the conductive layer 126 and apply a stacked structure of a conductive film that reflects visible light and a conductive film that transmits visible light as the conductive layer 129 .
  • the ends are aligned or substantially aligned, and when the top surface shapes are matched or substantially matched, at least part of the outline overlaps between the stacked layers when viewed from the top.
  • the upper layer and the lower layer may be processed with the same mask pattern or partially with the same mask pattern.
  • the outlines do not overlap, and the top layer may be located inside the bottom layer, or the top layer may be located outside the bottom layer, and in this case also the edges are roughly aligned, or the shape of the top surface are said to roughly match.
  • the conductive layer 126 is formed to cover the opening provided in the insulating layer 214 .
  • a layer 128 is embedded in the recess of the conductive layer 126 .
  • Layer 128 serves to planarize recesses in conductive layer 126 .
  • a conductive layer 129 electrically connected to the conductive layer 126 is provided over the conductive layers 126 and 128 . Therefore, the region overlapping with the concave portion of the conductive layer 126 can also be used as a light emitting region, and the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased.
  • Layer 128 may be an insulating layer or a conductive layer.
  • Various inorganic insulating materials, organic insulating materials, and conductive materials can be used as appropriate for layer 128 .
  • layer 128 is preferably formed using an insulating material.
  • an insulating layer containing an organic material can be preferably used.
  • an acrylic resin, a polyimide resin, an epoxy resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimideamide resin, a siloxane resin, a benzocyclobutene resin, a phenol resin, precursors of these resins, or the like can be applied.
  • a photosensitive resin can be used as the layer 128 .
  • a positive material or a negative material can be used for the photosensitive resin.
  • the layer 128 can be formed only through exposure and development steps, and the influence of dry etching, wet etching, or the like on the surface of the conductive layer 126 can be reduced. Further, when the layer 128 is formed using a negative photosensitive resin, the layer 128 can be formed using the same photomask (exposure mask) used for forming the opening of the insulating layer 214 in some cases. be.
  • the top surface of the conductive layer 129 is covered with the EL layer 113 .
  • the entire region where the conductive layer 129 and the EL layer 113 overlap can be used as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting device 130, so that the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased.
  • the EL layer 113 may cover at least part of the side surface of the conductive layer 129 .
  • the EL layer 113 may cover only part of the top surface of the conductive layer 129 . That is, part of the top surface of the conductive layer 129 does not have to be covered with the EL layer 113 .
  • a side surface of the EL layer 113 is covered with an insulating layer 125 and overlaps with an insulating layer 127 with the insulating layer 125 interposed therebetween.
  • a common layer 114 is provided over the EL layer 113 , the insulating layer 125 , and the insulating layer 127 , and a common electrode 115 is provided over the common layer 114 .
  • the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 are each a series of films commonly provided for a plurality of light emitting devices.
  • a protective layer 131 is provided on the light emitting device 130 .
  • the protective layer 131 that covers the light-emitting device, it is possible to prevent impurities such as water from entering the light-emitting device and improve the reliability of the light-emitting device.
  • the protective layer 131 and the substrate 152 are adhered via the adhesive layer 142 .
  • a solid sealing structure, a hollow sealing structure, or the like can be applied to sealing the light-emitting device.
  • the space between substrates 152 and 151 is filled with an adhesive layer 142 to apply a solid sealing structure.
  • the space may be filled with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) to apply a hollow sealing structure.
  • the adhesive layer 142 may be provided so as not to overlap the light emitting device.
  • the space may be filled with a resin different from the adhesive layer provided in the frame shape.
  • a conductive layer 123 is provided over the insulating layer 214 in the connection portion 140 .
  • a side surface of the conductive layer 123 is covered with an insulating layer 125 and overlaps with an insulating layer 127 with the insulating layer 125 interposed therebetween.
  • a common layer 114 is provided over the conductive layer 123 , and a common electrode 115 is provided over the common layer 114 .
  • the conductive layer 123 and the common electrode 115 are electrically connected through the common layer 114 .
  • the common layer 114 may not be formed in the connecting portion 140 . In this case, the conductive layer 123 and the common electrode 115 are directly contacted and electrically connected.
  • the display device 100A is of a top emission type. Light emitted by the light emitting device is emitted to the substrate 152 side. A material having high visible light transmittance is preferably used for the substrate 152 .
  • the pixel electrode contains a material that reflects visible light
  • the counter electrode (common electrode 115) contains a material that transmits visible light.
  • a stacked structure from the substrate 151 to the insulating layer 214 corresponds to the layer 101 including the transistor in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 A stacked structure from the substrate 151 to the insulating layer 214 corresponds to the layer 101 including the transistor in Embodiment 1.
  • Both the transistor 201 and the transistor 205 are formed over the substrate 151 . These transistors can be made with the same material and the same process.
  • An insulating layer 211 , an insulating layer 213 , an insulating layer 215 , and an insulating layer 214 are provided in this order over the substrate 151 .
  • Part of the insulating layer 211 functions as a gate insulating layer of each transistor.
  • Part of the insulating layer 213 functions as a gate insulating layer of each transistor.
  • An insulating layer 215 is provided over the transistor.
  • An insulating layer 214 is provided over the transistor and functions as a planarization layer. Note that the number of gate insulating layers and the number of insulating layers covering a transistor are not limited, and each may have a single layer or two or more layers.
  • a material into which impurities such as water and hydrogen are difficult to diffuse is preferably used for at least one insulating layer that covers the transistor. This allows the insulating layer to function as a barrier layer. With such a structure, diffusion of impurities from the outside into the transistor can be effectively suppressed, and the reliability of the display device can be improved.
  • An inorganic insulating film is preferably used for each of the insulating layers 211 , 213 , and 215 .
  • the inorganic insulating film for example, a silicon nitride film, a silicon oxynitride film, a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, an aluminum nitride film, or the like can be used.
  • a hafnium oxide film, an yttrium oxide film, a zirconium oxide film, a gallium oxide film, a tantalum oxide film, a magnesium oxide film, a lanthanum oxide film, a cerium oxide film, a neodymium oxide film, or the like may be used.
  • two or more of the insulating films described above may be laminated and used.
  • An organic insulating layer is suitable for the insulating layer 214 that functions as a planarization layer.
  • Materials that can be used for the organic insulating layer include acrylic resins, polyimide resins, epoxy resins, polyamide resins, polyimideamide resins, siloxane resins, benzocyclobutene-based resins, phenolic resins, precursors of these resins, and the like.
  • the insulating layer 214 may have a laminated structure of an organic insulating layer and an inorganic insulating film. The outermost layer of the insulating layer 214 preferably functions as an etching protection film.
  • the insulating layer 214 may be provided with recesses when the conductive layer 126, the conductive layer 129, or the like is processed.
  • the transistors 201 and 205 include a conductive layer 221 functioning as a gate, an insulating layer 211 functioning as a gate insulating layer, conductive layers 222a and 222b functioning as sources and drains, a semiconductor layer 231, and an insulating layer functioning as a gate insulating layer. It has a layer 213 and a conductive layer 223 that functions as a gate. Here, the same hatching pattern is applied to a plurality of layers obtained by processing the same conductive film.
  • the insulating layer 211 is located between the conductive layer 221 and the semiconductor layer 231 .
  • the insulating layer 213 is located between the conductive layer 223 and the semiconductor layer 231 .
  • the structure of the transistor included in the display device of this embodiment there is no particular limitation on the structure of the transistor included in the display device of this embodiment.
  • a planar transistor, a staggered transistor, an inverted staggered transistor, or the like can be used.
  • the transistor structure may be either a top-gate type or a bottom-gate type.
  • gates may be provided above and below a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.
  • a structure in which a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed is sandwiched between two gates is applied to the transistors 201 and 205 .
  • a transistor may be driven by connecting two gates and applying the same signal to them.
  • the threshold voltage of the transistor may be controlled by applying a potential for controlling the threshold voltage to one of the two gates and applying a potential for driving to the other.
  • crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for a transistor there is no particular limitation on the crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for a transistor, and an amorphous semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, or a semiconductor having a crystallinity other than a single crystal (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, or a semiconductor having a crystal region in part) can be used. semiconductor) may be used. A single crystal semiconductor or a crystalline semiconductor is preferably used because deterioration in transistor characteristics can be suppressed.
  • a semiconductor layer of a transistor preferably includes a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor).
  • the display device of this embodiment preferably uses a transistor including a metal oxide for a channel formation region (hereinafter referred to as an OS transistor).
  • crystalline oxide semiconductors examples include CAAC (c-axis-aligned crystalline)-OS, nc (nanocrystalline)-OS, and the like.
  • a transistor using silicon for a channel formation region may be used.
  • silicon examples include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, and the like.
  • a transistor including low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) in a semiconductor layer hereinafter also referred to as an LTPS transistor
  • the LTPS transistor has high field effect mobility and good frequency characteristics.
  • a Si transistor such as an LTPS transistor
  • a circuit that needs to be driven at a high frequency for example, a source driver circuit
  • OS transistors have much higher field-effect mobility than transistors using amorphous silicon.
  • an OS transistor has extremely low source-drain leakage current (hereinafter also referred to as an off-state current) in an off state, and can retain charge accumulated in a capacitor connected in series with the transistor for a long time. is possible. Further, by using the OS transistor, power consumption of the display device can be reduced.
  • the off current value of the OS transistor per 1 ⁇ m of channel width at room temperature is 1 aA (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 18 A) or less, 1 zA (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 21 A) or less, or 1 yA (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 24 A) or less.
  • the off current value of the Si transistor per 1 ⁇ m channel width at room temperature is 1 fA (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 15 A) or more and 1 pA (1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 A) or less. Therefore, it can be said that the off-state current of the OS transistor is about ten digits lower than the off-state current of the Si transistor.
  • the amount of current flowing through the light emitting device it is necessary to increase the amount of current flowing through the light emitting device.
  • the OS transistor when the transistor operates in the saturation region, the OS transistor can reduce the change in the source-drain current with respect to the change in the gate-source voltage as compared with the Si transistor. Therefore, by applying an OS transistor as a drive transistor included in a pixel circuit, the current flowing between the source and the drain can be finely determined according to the change in the voltage between the gate and the source. can be controlled. Therefore, the number of gradations in the pixel circuit can be increased.
  • the OS transistor flows a more stable current (saturation current) than the Si transistor even when the source-drain voltage gradually increases. be able to. Therefore, by using the OS transistor as the driving transistor, a stable current can be supplied to the light-emitting device even when the current-voltage characteristics of the EL device vary, for example. That is, when the OS transistor operates in the saturation region, even if the source-drain voltage is increased, the source-drain current hardly changes, so that the light emission luminance of the light-emitting device can be stabilized.
  • an OS transistor as a driving transistor included in a pixel circuit, it is possible to suppress black floating, increase emission luminance, provide multiple gradations, and suppress variations in light emitting devices. can be planned.
  • Metal oxides used for the semiconductor layer include, for example, indium and M (M is gallium, aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, tin, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum , cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and magnesium) and zinc.
  • M is preferably one or more selected from aluminum, gallium, yttrium, and tin.
  • an oxide containing indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) (also referred to as IGZO) is preferably used for the semiconductor layer.
  • an oxide containing indium, tin, and zinc is preferably used.
  • oxides containing indium, gallium, tin, and zinc are preferably used.
  • an oxide containing indium (In), aluminum (Al), and zinc (Zn) (also referred to as IAZO) is preferably used.
  • an oxide containing indium (In), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) (also referred to as IAGZO) is preferably used.
  • the In atomic ratio in the In-M-Zn oxide is preferably equal to or higher than the M atomic ratio.
  • the transistors included in the circuit 164 and the transistors included in the display portion 162 may have the same structure or different structures.
  • the plurality of transistors included in the circuit 164 may all have the same structure, or may have two or more types.
  • the structures of the plurality of transistors included in the display portion 162 may all be the same, or may be of two or more types.
  • All of the transistors in the display portion 162 may be OS transistors, all of the transistors in the display portion 162 may be Si transistors, or some of the transistors in the display portion 162 may be OS transistors and the rest may be Si transistors. good.
  • LTPS transistors and OS transistors are combined in the display portion 162
  • a structure in which an LTPS transistor and an OS transistor are combined is sometimes called an LTPO.
  • an OS transistor is used as a transistor or the like that functions as a switch for controlling conduction or non-conduction between wirings
  • an LTPS transistor is used as a transistor or the like that controls current.
  • one of the transistors included in the display portion 162 functions as a transistor for controlling current flowing through the light-emitting device and can also be called a driving transistor.
  • One of the source and drain of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the light emitting device.
  • An LTPS transistor is preferably used as the driving transistor. This makes it possible to increase the current flowing through the light emitting device in the pixel circuit.
  • the other transistor included in the display portion 162 functions as a switch for controlling selection/non-selection of pixels and can also be called a selection transistor.
  • the gate of the selection transistor is electrically connected to the gate line, and one of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the source line (signal line).
  • An OS transistor is preferably used as the selection transistor.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can have high aperture ratio, high definition, high display quality, and low power consumption.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes an OS transistor and a light-emitting device with an MML (metal maskless) structure.
  • MML metal maskless
  • leakage current that can flow through the transistor and leakage current that can flow between adjacent light-emitting devices also referred to as lateral leakage current, side leakage current, or the like
  • an observer can observe any one or more of sharpness of the image, sharpness of the image, high saturation, and high contrast ratio. Note that by adopting a structure in which leakage current that can flow in the transistor and lateral leakage current between light-emitting devices are extremely low, light leakage that can occur during black display can be minimized.
  • the transistor 209 and the transistor 210 each include a conductive layer 221 functioning as a gate, an insulating layer 211 functioning as a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer 231 having a channel formation region 231i and a pair of low-resistance regions 231n, and one of the pair of low-resistance regions 231n.
  • a conductive layer 222a connected to a pair of low-resistance regions 231n, a conductive layer 222b connected to the other of a pair of low-resistance regions 231n, an insulating layer 225 functioning as a gate insulating layer, a conductive layer 223 functioning as a gate, and an insulating layer 215 covering the conductive layer 223 have
  • the insulating layer 211 is located between the conductive layer 221 and the channel formation region 231i.
  • the insulating layer 225 is located at least between the conductive layer 223 and the channel formation region 231i.
  • an insulating layer 218 may be provided to cover the transistor.
  • the transistor 209 illustrated in FIG. 12B illustrates an example in which the insulating layer 225 covers the top and side surfaces of the semiconductor layer 231 .
  • the conductive layers 222a and 222b are connected to the low-resistance region 231n through openings provided in the insulating layers 225 and 215, respectively.
  • One of the conductive layers 222a and 222b functions as a source and the other functions as a drain.
  • the insulating layer 225 overlaps with the channel formation region 231i of the semiconductor layer 231 and does not overlap with the low resistance region 231n.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 12C can be manufactured by processing the insulating layer 225 using the conductive layer 223 as a mask.
  • the insulating layer 215 is provided to cover the insulating layer 225 and the conductive layer 223, and the conductive layers 222a and 222b are connected to the low resistance regions 231n through openings in the insulating layer 215, respectively.
  • a connection portion 204 is provided in a region of the substrate 151 where the substrate 152 does not overlap.
  • the wiring 165 is electrically connected to the FPC 172 via the conductive layer 166 and the connecting layer 242 .
  • the conductive layer 166 has a laminated structure of a conductive film obtained by processing the same conductive film as the conductive layer 126 and a conductive film obtained by processing the same conductive film as the conductive layer 129 is given. show.
  • the conductive layer 166 is exposed on the upper surface of the connecting portion 204 . Thereby, the connecting portion 204 and the FPC 172 can be electrically connected via the connecting layer 242 .
  • a light shielding layer 117 is preferably provided on the surface of the substrate 152 on the substrate 151 side.
  • Colored layers 132R and 132G may be provided on the surface of the substrate 152 on the substrate 151 side.
  • the colored layers 132R and 132G are provided so as to partially cover the light shielding layer 117 when the substrate 152 is used as a reference.
  • any of the materials that can be used for the substrate 120 described in Embodiment 1 can be used. Also, various members that can be arranged outside the substrate 120 can be similarly applied to the outside of the substrate 151 or the substrate 152 .
  • the material that can be used for the resin layer 122 described in Embodiment 1 can be used.
  • connection layer 242 an anisotropic conductive film (ACF), an anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), or the like can be used.
  • ACF anisotropic conductive film
  • ACP anisotropic conductive paste
  • materials that can be used for conductive layers such as various wirings and electrodes constituting display devices include aluminum, titanium, chromium, nickel, copper, yttrium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, Examples include metals such as tantalum and tungsten, and alloys containing these metals as main components. A film containing these materials can be used as a single layer or as a laminated structure.
  • a conductive oxide such as indium oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide containing gallium, or graphene
  • metal materials such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, and titanium, or alloy materials containing such metal materials can be used.
  • a nitride of the metal material eg, titanium nitride
  • it is preferably thin enough to have translucency.
  • a stacked film of any of the above materials can be used as the conductive layer.
  • a laminated film of a silver-magnesium alloy and indium tin oxide because the conductivity can be increased.
  • conductive layers such as various wirings and electrodes that constitute a display device, and conductive layers (conductive layers functioning as pixel electrodes or common electrodes) of light-emitting devices.
  • Examples of insulating materials that can be used for each insulating layer include resins such as acrylic resins and epoxy resins, and inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride oxide, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide.
  • Display device 100B A display device 100B shown in FIG. 13 is mainly different from the display device 100A in that it is of a bottom emission type. Note that the description of the same parts as those of the display device 100A will be omitted.
  • Light emitted by the light emitting device is emitted to the substrate 151 side.
  • a material having high visible light transmittance is preferably used for the substrate 151 .
  • the material used for the substrate 152 may or may not be translucent.
  • the conductive layers 126 and 129 contain a material that transmits visible light
  • the common electrode 115 contains a material that reflects visible light.
  • a light-blocking layer 117 is preferably formed between the substrate 151 and the transistor 201 and between the substrate 151 and the transistor 205 .
  • FIG. 13 shows an example in which the light-blocking layer 117 is provided over the substrate 151 , the insulating layer 153 is provided over the light-blocking layer 117 , and the transistors 201 and 205 and the like are provided over the insulating layer 153 .
  • a colored layer 132 ⁇ /b>R that transmits red light and a colored layer 132 ⁇ /b>G that transmits green light are provided between the insulating layer 215 and the insulating layer 214 . It is preferable that the end portion of the colored layer 132R and the end portion of the colored layer 132G overlap the light shielding layer 117 respectively. Light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132R is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 100B through the colored layer 132R. Light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132G is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 100B through the colored layer 132G.
  • a colored layer 132B that transmits blue light is also provided between the insulating layer 215 and the insulating layer 214, and light emitted from the light emitting device 130 overlapping the colored layer 132B is transmitted through the colored layer 132B to the display device. It is taken out as blue light to the outside of 100B.
  • FIGS. 14A to 14D show cross-sectional structures of a region 138 including the conductive layers 126 and 128 and their periphery.
  • the top surface of layer 128 may be higher than the top surface of conductive layer 126, as shown in FIG. 14A.
  • the upper surface of the layer 128 has a convex shape that gently swells toward the center.
  • the top surface of layer 128 may be lower than the top surface of conductive layer 126, as shown in FIG. 14B. At this time, the upper surface of the layer 128 has a shape that is concave toward the center and gently recessed.
  • the top of the layer 128 when the top surface of the layer 128 is higher than the top surface of the conductive layer 126, the top of the layer 128 may extend beyond the concave portion of the conductive layer 126 in some cases. At this time, a portion of layer 128 may be formed over a portion of a planar or substantially planar region of conductive layer 126 .
  • the layer 128 may further have a concave portion on the upper surface.
  • the recess has a shape that is gently recessed toward the center.
  • the display device of this embodiment can be a high-definition display device. Therefore, the display device of the present embodiment includes, for example, wristwatch-type and bracelet-type information terminal devices (wearable devices), VR devices such as head-mounted displays, and eyeglass-type AR devices. It can be used for the display part of wearable devices that can be worn on the head, such as devices for smartphones.
  • wearable devices wearable devices
  • VR devices such as head-mounted displays
  • eyeglass-type AR devices eyeglass-type AR devices. It can be used for the display part of wearable devices that can be worn on the head, such as devices for smartphones.
  • Display module A perspective view of the display module 280 is shown in FIG. 15A.
  • the display module 280 has a display device 100C and an FPC 290 .
  • the display device included in the display module 280 is not limited to the display device 100C, and may be any one of the display devices 100D to 100G described later.
  • the display module 280 has substrates 291 and 292 .
  • the display module 280 has a display section 281 .
  • the display unit 281 is an area for displaying an image in the display module 280, and is an area where light from each pixel provided in the pixel unit 284, which will be described later, can be visually recognized.
  • FIG. 15B shows a perspective view schematically showing the configuration on the substrate 291 side.
  • a circuit section 282 , a pixel circuit section 283 on the circuit section 282 , and a pixel section 284 on the pixel circuit section 283 are stacked on the substrate 291 .
  • a terminal portion 285 for connecting to the FPC 290 is provided on a portion of the substrate 291 that does not overlap with the pixel portion 284 .
  • the terminal portion 285 and the circuit portion 282 are electrically connected by a wiring portion 286 composed of a plurality of wirings.
  • the pixel section 284 has a plurality of periodically arranged pixels 284a. An enlarged view of one pixel 284a is shown on the right side of FIG. 15B. In the pixel 284a, a sub-pixel 110R that emits red light, a sub-pixel 110G that emits green light, and a sub-pixel 110B that emits blue light are arranged in this order. Embodiment 1 can be referred to for the pixel layout applicable to the pixel portion 284 .
  • the pixel circuit section 283 has a plurality of pixel circuits 283a arranged periodically.
  • One pixel circuit 283a is a circuit that controls light emission of three light emitting devices included in one pixel 284a.
  • One pixel circuit 283a may have a structure in which three circuits for controlling light emission of one light emitting device are provided.
  • the pixel circuit 283a can have at least one selection transistor, one current control transistor (driving transistor), and a capacitive element for each light emitting device. At this time, a gate signal is inputted to the gate of the selection transistor, and a source signal is inputted to the source thereof. This realizes an active matrix display device.
  • the circuit section 282 has a circuit that drives each pixel circuit 283 a of the pixel circuit section 283 .
  • a circuit that drives each pixel circuit 283 a of the pixel circuit section 283 For example, it is preferable to have one or both of a gate line driver circuit and a source line driver circuit.
  • at least one of an arithmetic circuit, a memory circuit, a power supply circuit, and the like may be provided.
  • the FPC 290 functions as wiring for supplying a video signal, power supply potential, or the like to the circuit section 282 from the outside. Also, an IC may be mounted on the FPC 290 .
  • the aperture ratio (effective display area ratio) of the display portion 281 is can be very high.
  • the aperture ratio of the display section 281 can be 40% or more and less than 100%, preferably 50% or more and 95% or less, more preferably 60% or more and 95% or less.
  • the pixels 284a can be arranged at an extremely high density, and the definition of the display portion 281 can be extremely high.
  • the pixels 284a may be arranged with a resolution of 2000 ppi or more, preferably 3000 ppi or more, more preferably 5000 ppi or more, and still more preferably 6000 ppi or more, and 20000 ppi or less, or 30000 ppi or less. preferable.
  • a display module 280 Since such a display module 280 has extremely high definition, it can be suitably used for equipment for VR such as a head-mounted display, or equipment for glasses-type AR. For example, even in the case of a configuration in which the display portion of the display module 280 is viewed through a lens, the display module 280 has an extremely high-definition display portion 281, so pixels cannot be viewed even if the display portion is enlarged with the lens. , a highly immersive display can be performed. Moreover, the display module 280 is not limited to this, and can be suitably used for electronic equipment having a relatively small display unit. For example, it can be suitably used for a display part of a wearable electronic device such as a wristwatch.
  • a display device 100C illustrated in FIG. 16A includes a substrate 301, a light-emitting device 130, a colored layer 132R, a colored layer 132G, a colored layer 132B, a capacitor 240, a transistor 310, and the like.
  • Subpixel 110R has light emitting device 130 and color layer 132R
  • subpixel 110G has light emitting device 130 and color layer 132G
  • subpixel 110B has light emitting device 130 and color layer 132B.
  • Light emitting device 130 may be configured to emit white light.
  • light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 100C through the colored layer 132R.
  • the sub-pixel 110G light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 100C through the colored layer 132G.
  • the sub-pixel 110B light emitted from the light-emitting device 130 is extracted as blue light to the outside of the display device 100C through the colored layer 132B.
  • the light-emitting devices included in the sub-pixels that emit light of each color can all have the same configuration, for example, they can have a configuration that emits white light.
  • the EL layers 113 included in the light-emitting device can have the same structure.
  • the EL layer 113 included in each light emitting device is separated, the occurrence of leakage current between the light emitting devices can be suppressed. Thereby, the display quality of the display device can be improved.
  • Substrate 301 corresponds to substrate 291 in FIGS. 15A and 15B.
  • a stacked structure from the substrate 301 to the insulating layer 255b corresponds to the layer 101 including the transistor in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1
  • a transistor 310 has a channel formation region in the substrate 301 .
  • the substrate 301 for example, a semiconductor substrate such as a single crystal silicon substrate can be used.
  • Transistor 310 includes a portion of substrate 301 , conductive layer 311 , low resistance region 312 , insulating layer 313 and insulating layer 314 .
  • the conductive layer 311 functions as a gate electrode.
  • An insulating layer 313 is located between the substrate 301 and the conductive layer 311 and functions as a gate insulating layer.
  • the low-resistance region 312 is a region in which the substrate 301 is doped with impurities, and functions as either a source or a drain.
  • the insulating layer 314 is provided to cover the side surface of the conductive layer 311 .
  • a device isolation layer 315 is provided between two adjacent transistors 310 so as to be embedded in the substrate 301 .
  • An insulating layer 261 is provided to cover the transistor 310 and a capacitor 240 is provided over the insulating layer 261 .
  • the capacitor 240 has a conductive layer 241, a conductive layer 245, and an insulating layer 243 positioned therebetween.
  • the conductive layer 241 functions as one electrode of the capacitor 240
  • the conductive layer 245 functions as the other electrode of the capacitor 240
  • the insulating layer 243 functions as the dielectric of the capacitor 240 .
  • the conductive layer 241 is provided over the insulating layer 261 and embedded in the insulating layer 254 .
  • Conductive layer 241 is electrically connected to one of the source or drain of transistor 310 by plug 271 embedded in insulating layer 261 .
  • An insulating layer 243 is provided over the conductive layer 241 .
  • the conductive layer 245 is provided in a region overlapping with the conductive layer 241 with the insulating layer 243 provided therebetween.
  • An insulating layer 255a is provided to cover the capacitor 240, and an insulating layer 255b is provided over the insulating layer 255a.
  • various inorganic insulating films such as an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, and a nitride oxide insulating film can be preferably used.
  • an oxide insulating film or an oxynitride insulating film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, or an aluminum oxide film is preferably used.
  • a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film such as a silicon nitride film or a silicon nitride oxide film is preferably used. More specifically, it is preferable to use a silicon oxide film as the insulating layer 255a and a silicon nitride film as the insulating layer 255b.
  • the insulating layer 255b preferably functions as an etching protection film.
  • a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film may be used as the insulating layer 255a, and an oxide insulating film or an oxynitride insulating film may be used as the insulating layer 255b.
  • an example in which the insulating layer 255b is provided with the recessed portion is shown; however, the insulating layer 255b may not be provided with the recessed portion.
  • a light emitting device 130 is provided on the insulating layer 255b.
  • This embodiment shows an example in which light-emitting device 130 has a structure similar to the laminated structure shown in FIG. 1B.
  • a side surface of the pixel electrode 111 and a side surface of the EL layer 113 are each covered with an insulating layer 125 and overlapped with an insulating layer 127 with the insulating layer 125 interposed therebetween.
  • a common layer 114 is provided over the EL layer 113 , the insulating layer 125 , and the insulating layer 127 , and a common electrode 115 is provided over the common layer 114 .
  • the pixel electrode 111 of the light emitting device is connected to the source or the source of the transistor 310 by the plug 256 embedded in the insulating layers 255a and 255b, the conductive layer 241 embedded in the insulating layer 254, and the plug 271 embedded in the insulating layer 261. It is electrically connected to one of the drains.
  • the height of the upper surface of the insulating layer 255b and the height of the upper surface of the plug 256 match or substantially match.
  • Various conductive materials can be used for the plug.
  • a protective layer 131 is provided on the light emitting device 130 .
  • Colored layers 132 R, 132 G, and 132 B are provided on the protective layer 131 .
  • a substrate 120 is bonded with a resin layer 122 onto the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B.
  • Embodiment 1 can be referred to for details of the components from the light emitting device to the substrate 120 .
  • Substrate 120 corresponds to substrate 292 in FIG. 15A.
  • a lens array 133 may be provided, as shown in FIGS. 16B and 16C.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting device 130 can be collected by using the lens array 133 .
  • the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B are provided on the light-emitting device 130 with the protective layer 131 interposed therebetween, the insulating layer 134 is provided on the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, and the lens array 133 is provided on the insulating layer 134.
  • the lens array 133 is provided on the insulating layer 134.
  • FIG. is provided.
  • Either or both of an inorganic insulating film and an organic insulating film can be used for the insulating layer 134 .
  • the insulating layer 134 may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.
  • a material that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used. Since the light emitted from the light-emitting device is extracted through the insulating layer 134, the insulating layer 134 preferably has high transparency to visible light.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting device 130 is transmitted through the colored layer and then through the lens array 133 to be taken out of the display device.
  • the lens array 133 may be provided over the light emitting device 130 and the colored layer may be provided over the lens array 133 .
  • FIG. 16C is an example in which a substrate 120 provided with a colored layer 132R, a colored layer 132G, a colored layer 132B, and a lens array 133 is bonded onto a protective layer 131 with a resin layer 122.
  • FIG. 16C By providing the colored layer 132R, the colored layer 132G, the colored layer 132B, and the lens array 133 over the substrate 120, the temperature of the heat treatment in these formation steps can be increased.
  • FIG. 16C shows an example in which colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B are provided in contact with the substrate 120, an insulating layer 134 is provided in contact with the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, and a lens array 133 is provided in contact with the insulating layer 134.
  • FIG. 16C shows an example in which colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B are provided in contact with the substrate 120, an insulating layer 134 is provided in contact with the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, and a lens array 133 is provided in contact with the insulating layer 134.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting device 130 passes through the lens array 133 and then through the colored layer, and is taken out of the display device.
  • the lens array 133 may be provided in contact with the substrate 120
  • the insulating layer 134 may be provided in contact with the lens array 133
  • the colored layer may be provided in contact with the insulating layer 134 .
  • the light emitted from the light emitting device 130 is transmitted through the colored layer and then through the lens array 133 to be extracted to the outside of the display device.
  • the convex surface of the lens array 133 may face the substrate 120 side or the light emitting device 130 side.
  • the lens array 133 can be formed using at least one of an inorganic material and an organic material.
  • a material containing resin can be used for the lens.
  • a material containing at least one of an oxide and a sulfide can be used for the lens.
  • a microlens array can be used as the lens array 133.
  • the lens array 133 may be formed directly on the substrate or the light-emitting device, or may be bonded with a separately formed lens array.
  • Display device 100D A display device 100D shown in FIG. 17 is mainly different from the display device 100C in that the configuration of transistors is different. In the following description of the display device, the description of the same parts as those of the previously described display device may be omitted.
  • the transistor 320 is a transistor (OS transistor) in which a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) is applied to a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.
  • OS transistor a transistor in which a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) is applied to a semiconductor layer in which a channel is formed.
  • the transistor 320 has a semiconductor layer 321 , an insulating layer 323 , a conductive layer 324 , a pair of conductive layers 325 , an insulating layer 326 , and a conductive layer 327 .
  • the substrate 331 corresponds to the substrate 291 in FIGS. 15A and 15B.
  • a stacked structure from the substrate 331 to the insulating layer 255b corresponds to the layer 101 including the transistor in Embodiment 1.
  • An insulating layer 332 is provided over the substrate 331 .
  • the insulating layer 332 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing from the substrate 331 into the transistor 320 and oxygen from the semiconductor layer 321 toward the insulating layer 332 side.
  • a film into which hydrogen or oxygen is less likely to diffuse than a silicon oxide film such as an aluminum oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, or a silicon nitride film, can be used.
  • a conductive layer 327 is provided over the insulating layer 332 and an insulating layer 326 is provided to cover the conductive layer 327 .
  • the conductive layer 327 functions as a first gate electrode of the transistor 320, and part of the insulating layer 326 functions as a first gate insulating layer.
  • An oxide insulating film such as a silicon oxide film is preferably used for at least a portion of the insulating layer 326 that is in contact with the semiconductor layer 321 .
  • the upper surface of the insulating layer 326 is preferably planarized.
  • the semiconductor layer 321 is provided over the insulating layer 326 .
  • the semiconductor layer 321 preferably includes a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) film having semiconductor characteristics.
  • a pair of conductive layers 325 is provided on and in contact with the semiconductor layer 321 and functions as a source electrode and a drain electrode.
  • An insulating layer 328 is provided to cover the top surface and side surfaces of the pair of conductive layers 325 , the side surface of the semiconductor layer 321 , and the like, and the insulating layer 264 is provided over the insulating layer 328 .
  • the insulating layer 328 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing into the semiconductor layer 321 from the insulating layer 264 or the like and oxygen from leaving the semiconductor layer 321 .
  • an insulating film similar to the insulating layer 332 can be used as the insulating layer 328.
  • An opening reaching the semiconductor layer 321 is provided in the insulating layer 328 and the insulating layer 264 .
  • the insulating layer 323 and the conductive layer 324 are buried in contact with the side surfaces of the insulating layer 264 , the insulating layer 328 , and the conductive layer 325 and the top surface of the semiconductor layer 321 .
  • the conductive layer 324 functions as a second gate electrode, and the insulating layer 323 functions as a second gate insulating layer.
  • the top surface of the conductive layer 324, the top surface of the insulating layer 323, and the top surface of the insulating layer 264 are planarized so that their heights are the same or substantially the same, and the insulating layers 329 and 265 are provided to cover them. ing.
  • the insulating layers 264 and 265 function as interlayer insulating layers.
  • the insulating layer 329 functions as a barrier layer that prevents impurities such as water or hydrogen from diffusing into the transistor 320 from the insulating layer 265 or the like.
  • an insulating film similar to the insulating layers 328 and 332 can be used.
  • a plug 274 electrically connected to one of the pair of conductive layers 325 is provided so as to be embedded in the insulating layers 265 , 329 , and 264 .
  • the plug 274 includes a conductive layer 274a that covers the side surfaces of the openings of the insulating layers 265, the insulating layers 329, the insulating layers 264, and the insulating layer 328 and part of the top surface of the conductive layer 325, and the conductive layer 274a. It is preferable to have a conductive layer 274b in contact with the top surface. At this time, a conductive material into which hydrogen and oxygen are difficult to diffuse is preferably used for the conductive layer 274a.
  • the configuration from the insulating layer 254 to the substrate 120 in the display device 100D is similar to that of the display device 100C.
  • a display device 100E illustrated in FIG. 18 has a structure in which a transistor 310 in which a channel is formed over a substrate 301 and a transistor 320 including a metal oxide in a semiconductor layer in which the channel is formed are stacked.
  • An insulating layer 261 is provided to cover the transistor 310 , and a conductive layer 251 is provided over the insulating layer 261 .
  • An insulating layer 262 is provided to cover the conductive layer 251 , and the conductive layer 252 is provided over the insulating layer 262 .
  • the conductive layers 251 and 252 each function as wirings.
  • An insulating layer 263 and an insulating layer 332 are provided to cover the conductive layer 252 , and the transistor 320 is provided over the insulating layer 332 .
  • An insulating layer 265 is provided to cover the transistor 320 and a capacitor 240 is provided over the insulating layer 265 . Capacitor 240 and transistor 320 are electrically connected by plug 274 .
  • the transistor 320 can be used as a transistor forming a pixel circuit. Further, the transistor 310 can be used as a transistor forming a pixel circuit or a transistor forming a driver circuit (a gate line driver circuit or a source line driver circuit) for driving the pixel circuit. Further, the transistors 310 and 320 can be used as transistors included in various circuits such as an arithmetic circuit and a memory circuit.
  • a display device 100F shown in FIG. 19 has a structure in which a transistor 310A and a transistor 310B each having a channel formed in a semiconductor substrate are stacked.
  • the display device 100F has a structure in which a substrate 301B provided with a transistor 310B, a capacitor 240, and a light-emitting device and a substrate 301A provided with a transistor 310A are bonded together.
  • an insulating layer 345 on the lower surface of the substrate 301B.
  • an insulating layer 346 is preferably provided over the insulating layer 261 provided over the substrate 301A.
  • the insulating layers 345 and 346 are insulating layers that function as protective layers and can suppress diffusion of impurities into the substrates 301B and 301A.
  • an inorganic insulating film that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used.
  • the substrate 301B is provided with a plug 343 penetrating through the substrate 301B and the insulating layer 345 .
  • an insulating layer 344 covering the side surface of the plug 343 .
  • the insulating layer 344 is an insulating layer that functions as a protective layer and can suppress diffusion of impurities into the substrate 301B.
  • an inorganic insulating film that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used.
  • a conductive layer 342 is provided under the insulating layer 345 on the back surface side (surface opposite to the substrate 120 side) of the substrate 301B.
  • the conductive layer 342 is preferably embedded in the insulating layer 335 .
  • the lower surfaces of the conductive layer 342 and the insulating layer 335 are preferably planarized.
  • the conductive layer 342 is electrically connected with the plug 343 .
  • the conductive layer 341 is provided on the insulating layer 346 on the substrate 301A.
  • the conductive layer 341 is preferably embedded in the insulating layer 336 . It is preferable that top surfaces of the conductive layer 341 and the insulating layer 336 be planarized.
  • the substrate 301A and the substrate 301B are electrically connected.
  • the conductive layer 341 and the conductive layer 342 are bonded together. can be improved.
  • the same conductive material is preferably used for the conductive layers 341 and 342 .
  • a metal film containing an element selected from Al, Cr, Cu, Ta, Ti, Mo, and W, or a metal nitride film (titanium nitride film, molybdenum nitride film, tungsten nitride film) containing the above elements as components etc. can be used.
  • copper is preferably used for the conductive layers 341 and 342 .
  • a Cu—Cu (copper-copper) direct bonding technique (a technique for achieving electrical continuity by connecting Cu (copper) pads) can be applied.
  • FIG. 19 shows an example in which the Cu--Cu direct bonding technique is used to bond the conductive layers 341 and 342, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the conductive layer 341 and the conductive layer 342 may be joined together via bumps 347 .
  • the conductive layers 341 and 342 can be electrically connected.
  • the bumps 347 can be formed using a conductive material including, for example, gold (Au), nickel (Ni), indium (In), tin (Sn), or the like. Also, for example, solder may be used as the bumps 347 .
  • an adhesive layer 348 may be provided between the insulating layer 345 and the insulating layer 346 . Further, when the bump 347 is provided, the insulating layer 335 and the insulating layer 336 may not be provided.
  • the light emitting device has an EL layer 786 between a pair of electrodes (lower electrode 772, upper electrode 788).
  • EL layer 786 can be composed of multiple layers such as layer 4420 , light-emitting layer 4411 , and layer 4430 .
  • the layer 4420 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance with high electron-injection properties (electron-injection layer) and a layer containing a substance with high electron-transport properties (electron-transporting layer).
  • the light-emitting layer 4411 contains, for example, a light-emitting compound.
  • the layer 4430 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance with high hole-injection properties (hole-injection layer) and a layer containing a substance with high hole-transport properties (hole-transport layer).
  • a structure having layer 4420, light-emitting layer 4411, and layer 4430 provided between a pair of electrodes can function as a single light-emitting unit, and the structure of FIG. 21A is referred to herein as a single structure.
  • FIG. 21B is a modification of the EL layer 786 included in the light emitting device shown in FIG. 21A.
  • the light-emitting device shown in FIG. It has a top layer 4422 and a top electrode 788 on layer 4422 .
  • layer 4431 functions as a hole injection layer
  • layer 4432 functions as a hole transport layer
  • layer 4421 functions as an electron transport layer
  • Layer 4422 functions as an electron injection layer.
  • layer 4431 functions as an electron injection layer
  • layer 4432 functions as an electron transport layer
  • layer 4421 functions as a hole transport layer
  • layer 4421 functions as a hole transport layer
  • 4422 functions as a hole injection layer.
  • a configuration in which a plurality of light emitting layers (light emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413) are provided between layers 4420 and 4430 as shown in FIGS. 21C and 21D is also a variation of the single structure.
  • tandem structure a structure in which a plurality of light-emitting units (EL layers 786a and 786b) are connected in series with the charge generation layer 4440 interposed therebetween is referred to as a tandem structure in this specification.
  • the tandem structure may also be called a stack structure. Note that the tandem structure enables a light-emitting device capable of emitting light with high luminance.
  • the light-emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413 may be made of a light-emitting material that emits light of the same color, or may be the same light-emitting material.
  • the light-emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413 may be formed using a light-emitting material that emits blue light.
  • a color conversion layer may be provided as the layer 785 shown in FIG. 21D.
  • light-emitting materials that emit light of different colors may be used for the light-emitting layers 4411, 4412, and 4413, respectively.
  • white light emission can be obtained.
  • a color filter also referred to as a colored layer
  • a desired color of light can be obtained by passing the white light through the color filter.
  • the light-emitting layers 4411 and 4412 may be made of a light-emitting material that emits light of the same color, or may be the same light-emitting material. Alternatively, light-emitting materials that emit light of different colors may be used for the light-emitting layers 4411 and 4412 .
  • the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 4411 and the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 4412 are complementary colors, white light emission can be obtained.
  • FIG. 21F shows an example in which an additional layer 785 is provided. As the layer 785, one or both of a color conversion layer and a color filter (colored layer) can be used.
  • the layer 4420 and the layer 4430 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers as shown in FIG. 21B.
  • a structure in which different emission colors (eg, blue (B), green (G), and red (R)) are produced for each light emitting device is sometimes called an SBS (Side By Side) structure.
  • the emission color of the light emitting device can be red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, white, or the like, depending on the material that composes the EL layer 786 . Further, the color purity can be further enhanced by providing the light-emitting device with a microcavity structure.
  • a light-emitting device that emits white light preferably has a structure in which a light-emitting layer contains two or more kinds of light-emitting materials. For example, by making the emission color of the first light-emitting layer and the emission color of the second light-emitting layer have a complementary color relationship, it is possible to obtain a light-emitting device that emits white light as a whole. When three or more light-emitting layers are used to emit white light, the light-emitting device as a whole may emit white light by combining the light-emitting colors of the three or more light-emitting layers.
  • the light-emitting layer preferably contains two or more light-emitting materials that emit light such as R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow), and O (orange). Alternatively, it preferably has two or more light-emitting materials, and light emitted from each light-emitting material includes spectral components of two or more colors among R, G, and B.
  • the electronic devices of this embodiment each include the display device of one embodiment of the present invention in a display portion.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can easily have high definition and high resolution. Therefore, it can be used for display portions of various electronic devices.
  • Examples of electronic devices include televisions, desktop or notebook personal computers, monitors for computers, digital signage, large game machines such as pachinko machines, and other electronic devices with relatively large screens. Examples include cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones, mobile game machines, mobile information terminals, and sound reproducing devices.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can have high definition, it can be suitably used for an electronic device having a relatively small display portion.
  • electronic devices include wristwatch-type and bracelet-type information terminals (wearable devices), VR devices such as head-mounted displays, glasses-type AR devices, and MR devices.
  • wearable devices include wristwatch-type and bracelet-type information terminals (wearable devices), VR devices such as head-mounted displays, glasses-type AR devices, and MR devices.
  • a wearable device that can be attached to a part is exemplified.
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes HD (1280 ⁇ 720 pixels), FHD (1920 ⁇ 1080 pixels), WQHD (2560 ⁇ 1440 pixels), WQXGA (2560 ⁇ 1600 pixels), 4K (2560 ⁇ 1600 pixels), 3840 ⁇ 2160) and 8K (7680 ⁇ 4320 pixels).
  • the resolution it is preferable to set the resolution to 4K, 8K, or higher.
  • the pixel density (definition) of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 100 ppi or more, preferably 300 ppi or more, more preferably 500 ppi or more, more preferably 1000 ppi or more, more preferably 2000 ppi or more, and 3000 ppi or more.
  • the display device can support various screen ratios such as 1:1 (square), 4:3, 16:9, 16:10.
  • the electronic device of this embodiment includes sensors (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, number of revolutions, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage , power, radiation, flow, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor or infrared).
  • the electronic device of this embodiment can have various functions. For example, functions to display various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display, touch panel functions, functions to display calendars, dates or times, functions to execute various software (programs), wireless communication function, a function of reading a program or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like.
  • FIGS. 22A to 22D An example of a wearable device that can be worn on the head will be described with reference to FIGS. 22A to 22D.
  • These wearable devices have one or both of the function of displaying AR content and the function of displaying VR content.
  • these wearable devices may have a function of displaying SR or MR content in addition to AR and VR.
  • the electronic device has a function of displaying content such as AR, VR, SR, and MR, it is possible to enhance the immersive feeling of the user.
  • Electronic device 700A shown in FIG. 22A and electronic device 700B shown in FIG. It has a control section (not shown), an imaging section (not shown), a pair of optical members 753 , a frame 757 and a pair of nose pads 758 .
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display panel 751 . Therefore, the electronic device can display images with extremely high definition.
  • Each of the electronic devices 700A and 700B can project an image displayed on the display panel 751 onto the display area 756 of the optical member 753 . Since the optical member 753 has translucency, the user can see the image displayed in the display area 756 superimposed on the transmitted image visually recognized through the optical member 753 . Therefore, the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B are electronic devices capable of AR display.
  • the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B may be provided with a camera capable of capturing an image of the front as an imaging unit. Further, the electronic devices 700A and 700B each include an acceleration sensor such as a gyro sensor to detect the orientation of the user's head and display an image corresponding to the orientation in the display area 756. You can also
  • the communication unit has a wireless communication device, and can supply a video signal or the like by the wireless communication device.
  • a connector to which a cable to which a video signal and a power supply potential are supplied may be provided.
  • the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B are provided with batteries, and can be charged wirelessly and/or wiredly.
  • the housing 721 may be provided with a touch sensor module.
  • the touch sensor module has a function of detecting that the outer surface of the housing 721 is touched.
  • the touch sensor module can detect a user's tap operation or slide operation and execute various processes. For example, it is possible to perform processing such as pausing or resuming a moving image by a tap operation, and fast-forward or fast-reverse processing can be performed by a slide operation. Further, by providing a touch sensor module for each of the two housings 721, the range of operations can be expanded.
  • Various touch sensors can be applied as the touch sensor module.
  • various methods such as a capacitance method, a resistive film method, an infrared method, an electromagnetic induction method, a surface acoustic wave method, and an optical method can be adopted.
  • a photoelectric conversion device (also referred to as a photoelectric conversion element) can be used as a light receiving device (also referred to as a light receiving element).
  • a light receiving device also referred to as a light receiving element.
  • an inorganic semiconductor and an organic semiconductor can be used for the active layer of the photoelectric conversion device.
  • Electronic device 800A shown in FIG. 22C and electronic device 800B shown in FIG. It has a pair of imaging units 825 and a pair of lenses 832 .
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 820 . Therefore, the electronic device can display images with extremely high definition. This allows the user to feel a high sense of immersion.
  • the display unit 820 is provided inside the housing 821 at a position where it can be viewed through the lens 832 . By displaying different images on the pair of display portions 820, three-dimensional display using parallax can be performed.
  • Each of the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B can be said to be an electronic device for VR.
  • a user wearing electronic device 800 ⁇ /b>A or electronic device 800 ⁇ /b>B can view an image displayed on display unit 820 through lens 832 .
  • the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B each have a mechanism that can adjust the left and right positions of the lens 832 and the display unit 820 so that they are optimally positioned according to the position of the user's eyes. preferably. Further, it is preferable to have a mechanism for adjusting focus by changing the distance between the lens 832 and the display portion 820 .
  • Mounting portion 823 allows the user to mount electronic device 800A or electronic device 800B on the head.
  • the shape is illustrated as a temple of spectacles (also referred to as a joint, a temple, etc.), but the shape is not limited to this.
  • the mounting portion 823 may be worn by the user, and may be, for example, a helmet-type or band-type shape.
  • the imaging unit 825 has a function of acquiring external information. Data acquired by the imaging unit 825 can be output to the display unit 820 . An image sensor can be used for the imaging unit 825 . Also, a plurality of cameras may be provided so as to be able to deal with a plurality of angles of view such as telephoto and wide angle.
  • a distance measuring sensor capable of measuring the distance to an object
  • the imaging unit 825 is one aspect of the detection unit.
  • the detection unit for example, an image sensor or a distance image sensor such as LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) can be used.
  • LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging
  • the electronic device 800A may have a vibration mechanism that functions as bone conduction earphones.
  • a vibration mechanism that functions as bone conduction earphones.
  • one or more of the display portion 820, the housing 821, and the mounting portion 823 can be provided with the vibration mechanism.
  • the user can enjoy video and audio simply by wearing the electronic device 800A without the need for separate audio equipment such as headphones, earphones, or speakers.
  • Each of the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B may have an input terminal.
  • the input terminal can be connected to a cable that supplies a video signal from a video output device or the like, power for charging a battery provided in the electronic device, or the like.
  • An electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention may have a function of wirelessly communicating with the earphone 750 .
  • Earphone 750 has a communication unit (not shown) and has a wireless communication function.
  • the earphone 750 can receive information (eg, audio data) from the electronic device by wireless communication function.
  • information eg, audio data
  • electronic device 700A shown in FIG. 22A has a function of transmitting information to earphone 750 by a wireless communication function.
  • electronic device 800A shown in FIG. 22C has a function of transmitting information to earphone 750 by a wireless communication function.
  • the electronic device may have an earphone section.
  • Electronic device 700B shown in FIG. 22B has earphone section 727 .
  • the earphone section 727 and the control section can be configured to be wired to each other.
  • a part of the wiring connecting the earphone section 727 and the control section may be arranged inside the housing 721 or the mounting section 723 .
  • electronic device 800B shown in FIG. 22D has earphone section 827.
  • the earphone unit 827 and the control unit 824 can be configured to be wired to each other.
  • a part of the wiring connecting the earphone section 827 and the control section 824 may be arranged inside the housing 821 or the mounting section 823 .
  • the earphone section 827 and the mounting section 823 may have magnets. Accordingly, the earphone section 827 can be fixed to the mounting section 823 by magnetic force, which is preferable because it facilitates storage.
  • the electronic device may have an audio output terminal to which earphones, headphones, or the like can be connected. Also, the electronic device may have one or both of an audio input terminal and an audio input mechanism.
  • the voice input mechanism for example, a sound collecting device such as a microphone can be used.
  • the electronic device may function as a so-called headset.
  • the electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention includes both glasses type (electronic device 700A, electronic device 700B, etc.) and goggle type (electronic device 800A, electronic device 800B, etc.). preferred.
  • the electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention can transmit information to the earphone by wire or wirelessly.
  • An electronic device 6500 illustrated in FIG. 23A is a personal digital assistant that can be used as a smart phone.
  • An electronic device 6500 includes a housing 6501, a display portion 6502, a power button 6503, a button 6504, a speaker 6505, a microphone 6506, a camera 6507, a light source 6508, and the like.
  • a display portion 6502 has a touch panel function.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 6502 .
  • FIG. 23B is a schematic cross-sectional view including the end of the housing 6501 on the microphone 6506 side.
  • a light-transmitting protective member 6510 is provided on the display surface side of the housing 6501, and a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, a touch sensor panel 6513, and a printer are placed in a space surrounded by the housing 6501 and the protective member 6510.
  • a substrate 6517, a battery 6518, and the like are arranged.
  • a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, and a touch sensor panel 6513 are fixed to the protective member 6510 with an adhesive layer (not shown).
  • a portion of the display panel 6511 is folded back in a region outside the display portion 6502, and the FPC 6515 is connected to the folded portion.
  • An IC6516 is mounted on the FPC6515.
  • the FPC 6515 is connected to terminals provided on the printed circuit board 6517 .
  • the flexible display of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display panel 6511 . Therefore, an extremely lightweight electronic device can be realized. In addition, since the display panel 6511 is extremely thin, the thickness of the electronic device can be reduced and the large-capacity battery 6518 can be mounted. In addition, by folding back part of the display panel 6511 and arranging a connection portion with the FPC 6515 on the back side of the pixel portion, an electronic device with a narrow frame can be realized.
  • FIG. 23C shows an example of a television device.
  • a television set 7100 has a display portion 7000 incorporated in a housing 7101 .
  • a configuration in which a housing 7101 is supported by a stand 7103 is shown.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 .
  • the operation of the television apparatus 7100 shown in FIG. 23C can be performed using operation switches provided in the housing 7101 and a separate remote controller 7111 .
  • the display portion 7000 may be provided with a touch sensor, and the television device 7100 may be operated by touching the display portion 7000 with a finger or the like.
  • the remote controller 7111 may have a display section for displaying information output from the remote controller 7111 .
  • a channel and a volume can be operated with operation keys or a touch panel provided in the remote controller 7111 , and an image displayed on the display portion 7000 can be operated.
  • the television device 7100 is configured to include a receiver, a modem, and the like.
  • the receiver can receive general television broadcasts. Also, by connecting to a wired or wireless communication network via a modem, one-way (from the sender to the receiver) or two-way (between the sender and the receiver, or between the receivers, etc.) information communication. is also possible.
  • FIG. 23D shows an example of a notebook personal computer.
  • a notebook personal computer 7200 has a housing 7211, a keyboard 7212, a pointing device 7213, an external connection port 7214, and the like.
  • the display portion 7000 is incorporated in the housing 7211 .
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 .
  • FIGS. 23E and 23F An example of digital signage is shown in FIGS. 23E and 23F.
  • a digital signage 7300 illustrated in FIG. 23E includes a housing 7301, a display portion 7000, speakers 7303, and the like. Furthermore, it can have an LED lamp, an operation key (including a power switch or an operation switch), connection terminals, various sensors, a microphone, and the like.
  • FIG. 23F is a digital signage 7400 mounted on a cylindrical post 7401.
  • FIG. A digital signage 7400 has a display section 7000 provided along the curved surface of a pillar 7401 .
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000 in FIGS. 23E and 23F.
  • the display portion 7000 As the display portion 7000 is wider, the amount of information that can be provided at one time can be increased. In addition, the wider the display unit 7000, the more conspicuous it is, and the more effective the advertisement can be, for example.
  • a touch panel By applying a touch panel to the display portion 7000, not only an image or a moving image can be displayed on the display portion 7000 but also the user can intuitively operate the display portion 7000, which is preferable. Further, when used for providing information such as route information or traffic information, usability can be enhanced by intuitive operation.
  • the digital signage 7300 or 7400 can cooperate with the information terminal 7311 or 7411 such as a smart phone possessed by the user through wireless communication.
  • advertisement information displayed on the display unit 7000 can be displayed on the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411 .
  • display on the display portion 7000 can be switched.
  • the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can execute a game using the screen of the information terminal 7311 or 7411 as an operation means (controller). This allows an unspecified number of users to simultaneously participate in and enjoy the game.
  • the electronic device shown in FIGS. 24A to 24G includes a housing 9000, a display unit 9001, a speaker 9003, operation keys 9005 (including a power switch or an operation switch), connection terminals 9006, sensors 9007 (force, displacement, position, speed , acceleration, angular velocity, number of rotations, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substances, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell, or infrared rays function), a microphone 9008, and the like.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 9001 in FIGS. 24A to 24G.
  • the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 24A to 24G have various functions. For example, a function to display various information (still images, moving images, text images, etc.) on the display unit, a touch panel function, a calendar, a function to display the date or time, a function to control processing by various software (programs), It can have a wireless communication function, a function of reading and processing programs or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like. Note that the functions of the electronic device are not limited to these, and can have various functions.
  • the electronic device may have a plurality of display units.
  • the electronic device is equipped with a camera, etc., and has the function of capturing still images or moving images and storing them in a recording medium (external or built into the camera), or the function of displaying the captured image on the display unit, etc. good.
  • FIG. 24A is a perspective view showing a mobile information terminal 9101.
  • the mobile information terminal 9101 can be used as a smart phone, for example.
  • the portable information terminal 9101 may be provided with a speaker 9003, a connection terminal 9006, a sensor 9007, and the like.
  • the mobile information terminal 9101 can display text and image information on its multiple surfaces.
  • FIG. 24A shows an example in which three icons 9050 are displayed.
  • Information 9051 indicated by a dashed rectangle can also be displayed on another surface of the display portion 9001 . Examples of the information 9051 include notification of incoming e-mail, SNS, telephone call, title of e-mail or SNS, sender name, date and time, remaining battery power, radio wave intensity, and the like.
  • an icon 9050 or the like may be displayed at the position where the information 9051 is displayed.
  • FIG. 24B is a perspective view showing the mobile information terminal 9102.
  • the portable information terminal 9102 has a function of displaying information on three or more sides of the display portion 9001 .
  • information 9052, information 9053, and information 9054 are displayed on different surfaces.
  • the user can confirm the information 9053 displayed at a position where the mobile information terminal 9102 can be viewed from above the mobile information terminal 9102 while the mobile information terminal 9102 is stored in the chest pocket of the clothes.
  • the user can check the display without taking out the portable information terminal 9102 from the pocket, and can determine, for example, whether to receive a call.
  • FIG. 24C is a perspective view showing the tablet terminal 9103.
  • the tablet terminal 9103 can execute various applications such as mobile phone, e-mail, reading and creating text, playing music, Internet communication, and computer games.
  • the tablet terminal 9103 has a display portion 9001, a camera 9002, a microphone 9008, and a speaker 9003 on the front of the housing 9000, operation keys 9005 as operation buttons on the left side of the housing 9000, and connection terminals on the bottom. 9006.
  • FIG. 24D is a perspective view showing a wristwatch-type personal digital assistant 9200.
  • the mobile information terminal 9200 can be used as a smart watch (registered trademark), for example.
  • the display portion 9001 has a curved display surface, and display can be performed along the curved display surface.
  • the mobile information terminal 9200 can also make hands-free calls by mutual communication with a headset capable of wireless communication, for example.
  • the portable information terminal 9200 can transmit data to and from another information terminal through the connection terminal 9006, and can be charged. Note that the charging operation may be performed by wireless power supply.
  • FIGS. 24E to 24G are perspective views showing a foldable personal digital assistant 9201.
  • FIG. 24E is a state in which the portable information terminal 9201 is unfolded
  • FIG. 24G is a state in which it is folded
  • FIG. 24F is a perspective view in the middle of changing from one of FIGS. 24E and 24G to the other.
  • the portable information terminal 9201 has excellent portability in the folded state, and has excellent display visibility due to a seamless wide display area in the unfolded state.
  • a display portion 9001 included in the portable information terminal 9201 is supported by three housings 9000 connected by hinges 9055 .
  • the display portion 9001 can be bent with a curvature radius of 0.1 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
  • a personal computer 2800 illustrated in FIG. 25A includes a housing 2801, a housing 2802, a display portion 2803, a keyboard 2804, a pointing device 2805, and the like.
  • a secondary battery 2807 is provided inside the housing 2801 and a secondary battery 2806 is provided inside the housing 2802 .
  • a display device of one embodiment of the present invention is applied to the display portion 2803 and has a touch panel function.
  • the personal computer 2800 can be used as a tablet terminal by removing the housings 2801 and 2802 and using the housing 2802 alone.
  • a flexible display is applied to the display portion 2803 in the modified example of the personal computer shown in FIG. 25C.
  • the secondary battery 2806 can be a bendable secondary battery by using a flexible film for an exterior body. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 25C, the housing 2802, the display portion 2803, and the secondary battery 2806 can be folded for use. At this time, as shown in FIG. 25C, part of the display unit 2803 can also be used as a keyboard.
  • housing 2802 can be folded so that the display portion 2803 is on the inside as shown in FIG. 25D, or the housing 2802 can be folded so that the display portion 2803 is on the outside as shown in FIG. 25E.
  • FIG. 25F is a perspective view showing the steering wheel of the vehicle;
  • the handle 41 has a rim 42, a hub 43, spokes 44, a shaft 45 and the like.
  • a display portion 20 is provided on the surface of the hub 43 .
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 20 .
  • the lower spoke 44 has a light emitting/receiving portion 20b
  • the left spoke 44 has a plurality of light emitting/receiving portions 20c
  • the right spoke 44 has a plurality of light emitting/receiving portions 20d. , respectively.
  • the finger of the hand 35 By holding the finger of the hand 35 over the light emitting/receiving portion 20b, information on the driver's fingerprint can be acquired, and authentication can be performed using the information. Also, by touching the light emitting/receiving portion 20c, the light emitting/receiving portion 20d, etc., the navigation system, audio system, call system, etc. of the vehicle can be operated. In addition, various operations such as rearview mirror adjustment, side mirror adjustment, on/off operation and brightness adjustment of interior lighting, and window opening/closing operation are possible.
  • 20b light receiving/emitting part
  • 20c light emitting/receiving part
  • 20d light emitting/receiving part
  • 100C display device
  • 100D display device
  • 100E display device
  • 100F display device
  • 100G display device
  • 110c sub-pixel
  • 110d sub-pixel
  • 110G sub-pixel
  • 110R sub-pixel

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  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
PCT/IB2022/054989 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 表示装置、表示モジュール、電子機器、及び、表示装置の作製方法 Ceased WO2022259077A1 (ja)

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US18/566,682 US20240268180A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 Display apparatus, display module, electronic device, and fabrication method of display apparatus
CN202280037546.7A CN117356169A (zh) 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 显示装置、显示模块、电子设备以及显示装置的制造方法
KR1020237043675A KR20240018501A (ko) 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 표시 장치, 표시 모듈, 전자 기기, 및 표시 장치의 제작 방법
DE112022002936.6T DE112022002936T5 (de) 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 Anzeigevorrichtung, Anzeigemodul, elektronisches Gerät und Herstellungsverfahren einer Anzeigevorrichtung
JP2023527131A JPWO2022259077A1 (https=) 2021-06-08 2022-05-27

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DE112022002936T5 (de) 2024-04-04
US20240268180A1 (en) 2024-08-08

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