WO2022250148A1 - 取り外し可能なワーク支持体を備えた工作機械 - Google Patents
取り外し可能なワーク支持体を備えた工作機械 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022250148A1 WO2022250148A1 PCT/JP2022/021784 JP2022021784W WO2022250148A1 WO 2022250148 A1 WO2022250148 A1 WO 2022250148A1 JP 2022021784 W JP2022021784 W JP 2022021784W WO 2022250148 A1 WO2022250148 A1 WO 2022250148A1
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- tubular shaft
- probe
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- shaft
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
- B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
- B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B39/00—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines
- B23B39/10—General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring and/or drilling machines characterised by the drive, e.g. by fluid-pressure drive pneumatic power drive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/72—Auxiliary arrangements; Interconnections between auxiliary tables and movable machine elements
- B23Q1/76—Steadies; Rests
- B23Q1/763—Rotating steadies or rests
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/12—Adaptive control, i.e. adjusting itself to have a performance which is optimum according to a preassigned criterion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
- B23Q17/2233—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work for adjusting the tool relative to the workpiece
- B23Q17/2266—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work for adjusting the tool relative to the workpiece of a tool relative to a workpiece-axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q2039/008—Machines of the lathe type
Definitions
- TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure relates to machine tools, and more particularly to Swiss-type machine tools.
- a Swiss-type machine tool has a spindle device that rotates the work around its axis, and a tool that contacts the rotating work to process it.
- a spindle device of a Swiss-type machine tool includes a shaft having one free end of a workpiece and a fixed opposite end.
- a spindle motor in a Swiss-type machine tool rotates a shaft and a workpiece fixed to the shaft.
- Swiss-type machine tools move the workpiece axially by moving the shaft axially. This allows the Swiss machine tool to position the part of the workpiece to be machined by the cutting tool.
- a Swiss-type machine tool is equipped with a turret on which a plurality of cutting tools mounted in tool holders are arranged side by side.
- the tool post moves in the X and Y axes with respect to the spindle that grips the workpiece to machine the workpiece.
- a spindle device that grips a workpiece moves in the Z-axis direction with respect to a tool rest on which a plurality of tools are arranged in parallel.
- the spindle device has a guide bush for supporting the work when moving the work in the axial direction while rotating.
- the turret is near the guide bush along the axis of rotation of the workpiece. Therefore, even if the workpiece is relatively long, only part of the workpiece projects beyond the guide bush supporting the workpiece, and the part of the workpiece to be machined is provided near the guide bush.
- Swiss-type machine tools are particularly useful for machining long parts.
- the user Before allowing the Swiss-type machine tool to machine a workpiece, the user sets up the machine tool, including programming the positions of the tools that make up the turret.
- the user attaches a tool to a tool post in which a plurality of tools are arranged in parallel, and attaches a dummy work to a spindle device of a machine tool.
- the user enters information about the dummy work (eg, diameter and length), rotates the dummy work on the spindle, and brings one of the tools closer and into contact with the dummy work.
- the user stops the rotation of the spindle. After that, the depth of cut in the dummy work is measured, and the keyboard is used to enter the measured depth of the dummy work into the machine tool.
- the machine tool learns the position of the tool with respect to the spindle device by using the depth of cut in the dummy workpiece and the travel distance of the tool. The user then repeats the process for other tools in the tool post that are used to machine the workpiece.
- a traditional Swiss-type machine tool has 20 or more tool holders, which takes a lot of time to set up. Therefore, the manufacturing efficiency is lowered.
- a Swiss-type machine tool includes a tubular shaft, an outer tubular shaft, and a tool holder for holding at least one tool capable of machining a workpiece supported by the outer tubular shaft. be done.
- the machine tool includes a drive that rotates the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft about an axis.
- the tubular shaft has a work holder, such as a collet, configured to grip the work.
- the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft are axially moveable relative to each other to adjust the position of the workpiece relative to the outer tubular shaft.
- the machine tool further includes a work support, such as a guide bushing, detachably mounted on the outer tubular shaft and mounted for rotation therewith.
- the work support slidably contacts the work and allows axial movement of the work relative to the work support.
- a user can access the tubular shaft by removing the work support from the outer tubular shaft.
- the probe can be attached to the tubular shaft by moving the tubular shaft to a position axially extending with respect to the outer tubular shaft, with the workpiece support removed from the outer tubular shaft. In this way, the probe can be used to automate the machine tool presetting process even when the outer tubular shaft and the tool holder are in axial proximity.
- the present disclosure also includes a work piece including a spindle, at least one tool holder for holding a tool capable of machining a workpiece mounted on the spindle, and a drive operable to rotate the spindle about the axis.
- the spindle includes a hollow section and a work holder.
- the machine tool further includes a probe mountable on the workholder of the spindle and sized to fit within the hollow portion of the spindle.
- the workholder has a second position in which the workholder is arranged to mount the probe, and a first position in which at least a portion of the probe is within the hollow portion of the spindle assembly. The workholder in the second position facilitates attachment of the probe to the workholder.
- the workholder When the probe is connected to the workholder, the workholder is retracted and at least a portion of the probe is positioned within the spindle.
- the axial distance that the probe protrudes forward of the spindle can be minimized so that the sensing portion of the probe is aligned along the spindle with the spindle. Allows for radial matching of adjacent tool holders with respect to the axis.
- a machine tool in another aspect, includes a tubular shaft, an outer tubular shaft, and a tubular shaft workholder.
- the machine tool includes at least one drive for axially rotating the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft.
- the drive is further operable to axially move the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft relative to each other.
- the machine tool comprises a tool holder for holding at least one tool capable of machining a workpiece supported by an outer tubular shaft, and a tool holder drive for moving the tool holder.
- a machine tool has a user interface for receiving configuration commands, such as when a user wants to configure the machine tool to use a particular tool to machine a workpiece.
- the machine tool further includes a controller that commands the drive to move the tubular shaft to the second position and connect the probe to the tubular shaft 501 upon receiving a setup command via the user interface.
- the controller is further configured to cause the tool holder drive to move the tool holder to bring the tool into contact with the probe.
- the controller determines tool setup data based on signals from the probe and tool holder movement information. In this way, the machine tool autonomously learns the relative positions of the tool holder and the probe by moving the tool and bringing it into contact with the probe. can be set up to process the workpiece. Therefore, quick presetting is easy for machine tools that use more than 20 tools.
- the present disclosure is also directed to a method of operating a machine tool having a tubular shaft and an outer tubular shaft rotatable about an axis during machining operations.
- the method includes relatively axially moving the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft to position the tubular shaft in a second position axially extended relative to the outer tubular shaft.
- the tubular shaft includes a work holder arranged to receive the probe with the tubular shaft in the second position.
- the method includes axially moving the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft relative to each other, with the probe connected to the workholder, to position the tubular shaft in a first axially retracted position relative to the outer tubular shaft.
- the method includes moving to A tool holder of the machine tool is moved to bring the tool supported by the tool holder into contact with the sensing portion of the probe. Further, the method includes determining tool setup data based at least in part on the signal from the probe and the movement of the tool holder. Since the probe is connected to the workholder, the probe moves with the tubular shaft to the first position. By retracting the probe to the first position, the sensing portion of the probe can be positioned a short distance beyond the tubular shaft even if the axial length of the probe is more than twice the radial length of the probe.
- the present disclosure when executed by a processor of a machine tool, causes the machine tool to axially move a tubular shaft and an outer tubular shaft of the machine tool relative to each other to move the tubular shaft to the outer tubular shaft. and a computer readable medium storing instructions for performing an operation including positioning in a second position extended relative to.
- the tubular shaft includes a work holder arranged to receive the probe with the tubular shaft in the second position. Further, while the probe is connected to the work holder, the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft are axially moved relative to each other to move the tubular shaft to a retracted first position with respect to the outer tubular shaft. The tool holder of the machine tool is moved to bring the tool in the tool holder into contact with the probe.
- the operation includes determining tool setup data based at least in part on signals from the probe and movement of the tool holder.
- Axial movement of the tubular shaft to the first position can move the probe rearward from the forward second position relative to the toolholder to align the sensing portion of the probe with the toolholder.
- the machine tool can utilize macros to automatically move the tool into contact with the sensing portion of the probe and store movement parameters used to bring the tool into contact with the sensing portion of the probe.
- the automatic tool learning process avoids the intensive and time consuming traditional method of setting up a Swiss machine tool using dummy workpieces as described above.
- the present disclosure also provides a machine tool having a tubular shaft, an outer tubular shaft, and a tool holder corresponding to the outer tubular shaft for holding at least one tool.
- the machine tool has a drive that rotates one of the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft about an axis.
- the machine tool further includes a ball spline connection of the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft configured to transfer rotation of one of the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft to rotation of the other of the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft.
- the ball spline connection permits relative axial movement of the tubular shaft and the outer tubular shaft to axially adjust the position of the workpiece with respect to the outer tubular shaft while accurately positioning the workpiece in the rotational direction. Provides accurate rotational positioning of the workpiece.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a high-speed Swiss-type machine tool
- FIG. FIG. 2 is the machining area of the Swiss-type machine tool of FIG. 1, indicated generally by the dashed box of FIG. 1, for receiving and moving the workpiece against the first and second turrets.
- FIG. 4 is a view of the interior of a machining area having first and second headstocks for rotating the .
- 3 is a front view of the first turret of the machine tool of FIG. 1 showing the tools of the first turret for machining a workpiece supported by the first headstock;
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the second turret of the machine tool of FIG. 1 showing the tools of the second turret for machining a workpiece supported by the second headstock;
- FIG. 5A is a side view of a probe with an adapter connected to a collet on the first headstock, the probe 30 having a ball tip for contacting the tool on the first turret during tool presetting operations. has a stylus.
- Figure 5B is a side view of another configuration of a stylus for use with the probe of Figure 5A.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a first headstock of the machine tool of FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a spindle shaft of the first headstock, a removable guide bushing connected to the spindle shaft, and an axial guide bushing connected to the spindle shaft; 1 shows a main shaft including a main shaft spline shaft that is directionally movable and rotatable with the spindle shaft, and a spline shaft collet.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the removable guide bushing of FIG. 6 showing a detent mechanism that can be changed to lock or unlock the guide bushing to the spindle shaft;
- FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a preset operation of the machine tool of FIG. 1; FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the main shaft showing the spline shaft in a retracted position and guide bushings secured to the spindle shaft.
- Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9, showing the spindle shaft with the guide bushing removed to allow access to the interior of the spindle shaft;
- Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10 showing the splined shaft in a second position and the probe of Figure 5A connected to the splined shaft;
- 12 is a view similar to FIG. 11 showing the spline shaft in a retracted position from the second position to the first position, the probe retracted inside the spindle shaft, and the cutting tool and diameter of the first turret.
- FIG. 4 shows the ball tip of the stylus protruding from the spindle shaft, aligned with the orientation; 13 is a view similar to FIG. 12, showing a state in which the cutting tool is moved downward in the radial direction with respect to the central axis of the spindle shaft and brought into contact with the tip of the ball of the probe.
- Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the first headstock of Fig. 6, the first main spindle that directly rotates the spindle shaft and indirectly rotates the spline shaft through a spline adapter between the spindle shaft and the spline shaft;
- FIG. 4 shows a table spindle motor; FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another headstock for a Swiss-type machine tool having a first gear connection between the spindle shaft and the sleeve of the headstock for converting rotation of the spindle shaft to rotation of the sleeve; .
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another headstock for a Swiss-type machine tool having a second gear connection between the spindle shaft and the sleeve of the headstock for converting rotation of the spindle shaft to rotation of the sleeve; .
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another headstock for a Swiss-type machine tool having a first spindle motor driving the spindle shaft of the headstock and a second spindle motor driving the sleeve of the headstock.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a ball spline connection with a portion of the connection hidden to show the spline nut, ball bearings, and spline shaft of the ball spline connection;
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a ball spline connection including a spline nut, a spline shaft, and ball bearings engaging the sides of the splines of the spline nut and spline shaft.
- FIG. 1 shows a machine tool with a working area, for example a high-speed Swiss-type machine tool 10 .
- Machine tool 10 has a controller 11 operably coupled to various spindle motors and components of machine tool 10 to operate the machine tool.
- Machine tool 10 has a user interface 13, such as a screen, keyboard, microphone, and/or speakers, for receiving input from and communicating information to the user.
- Controller 11 includes memory 115 that stores instructions, such as one or more macros, for operating the machine tool, and processor 17 that executes the instructions.
- Machine tool 10 enables rapid presetting or setup of machine tooling and, in some embodiments, automatic setup of machine tool tooling.
- the machine tool 10 includes a guide bushing 70 (see FIG. 6) removable from the spindle shaft 102 (see FIG.
- first spindle 14 to allow the probe 30 to be connected to the spline shaft 104 of the first spindle 14. It has a first spindle device 14 including a work support such as (see FIG. 7).
- Machine tool 10 utilizes probe 30 to identify the position of the work-engaging portion of the tool relative to the axis of rotation of first spindle 14 as part of locating the tool corresponding to first spindle 14. Detect when the probe 30 is touched.
- the machine tool 10 transmits tool data regarding the tool associated with the first spindle device 14 to the user interface 13 or communication circuit 19 of the machine tool 10 and its controller 11. receive through.
- Communication circuitry 19 includes, for example, a network connection for connecting to a local wired or wireless network, a short-range wireless interface such as an RFID reader for reading RFID tags on tools, and a wired interface for receiving data from each tool's memory. , and/or an optical reader for detecting machine-readable display information, such as a bar code on the tool.
- the controller 11 instructs one or more tool holder drive devices 18A to move the tool holder 18B corresponding to the first spindle device 14 from the initial position, which is the retracted position of the tool, so that the tool 18C of the tool holder 18B is moved to the first spindle. It can be operated to advance until it contacts a probe 30 located at or near a workpiece machining position mounted on apparatus 14 .
- the controller 11 learns the tool setup data associated with moving the tool 18C from its initial position into contact with the probe 30, and then returns the tool to its initial position.
- Machine tool 10 repeats the advance and learn process for one or more other tools corresponding to first spindle 14 to be utilized for machining operations.
- controller 11 uses the tool setting data to execute a machining command to machine the workpiece.
- the machine tool 10 has a first spindle device 14 and a second spindle device 16 .
- a first spindle 14 receives an elongated work piece, typically a rod, and rotates the work piece so that it can be machined by tools in a first turret 18 (see also FIG. 3).
- the second spindle device 16 can support the end of the workpiece held by the first spindle device 14 to assist machining, or can be independently machined from the first spindle device 14 .
- a workpiece received in the second spindle 16 can be machined by tools in the second tool post 20 (see FIG. 4). Front views of the first and second tool rests 18, 20 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the machine tool 10 has a probe used to set up the machine tool 10 for machining a workpiece in the second spindle unit 16 utilizing tools in the second turret 20. has 32.
- the controller 11 moves the tool holder 20B by the tool holder driving device 20A and brings the tip ball 40 of the probe 30 into contact with the tool 20C, similarly to the preset processing of the first spindle device .
- the processor determines setup data based on movement of the tool holder 20B and signals from the probe 32 when the tool contacts the tip ball 40.
- each of the probes 30, 32 includes a body 36 containing sensing and communication circuitry, a stylus 38, and a first or second spindle 14, 16. and a probe adapter 42 configured to be secured by a collet.
- the stylus 38 is elongated and has a tip ball 40 at its distal end. Body 36 and stylus 38 may be detachably connected.
- FIG. 5B different styluses 38A are provided that can be used depending on the particular application.
- the probes 30,32 may be off-the-shelf products such as Renishaw RLP40.
- the probes 30,32 are connected to the first and second spindles 14,16.
- the tool holder drives 18A, 20A are operable to move the first and second tool rests 18, 20 within their respective planes in the X1, Y1 and X2, Y2 directions.
- the tool holder drives 18A, 20A pivot one or more of the tool holders 18B to position the tools in the tool holders 18B to contact the workpiece.
- the controller 11 automatically moves the first and second tool posts 18, 20 to bring the tools in the first and second tool posts 18, 20 into contact with the tip balls 40 of the probes 30, 32, respectively. programmed to When the tool contacts the tip ball 40, the probes 30, 32 send wireless communications to the communication circuitry 19 indicating contact. In one embodiment, wireless communication is performed using the Bluetooth® protocol.
- the controller 11 obtains a change in the position where the tool contacts the tip ball 40, and then, when the workpiece is inserted into the first or second spindle device 14, 16, the controller utilizes the change to move the tool. (Completing the setup requires the user to enter information about the workpiece such as workpiece material, workpiece length, and rod outer diameter.) means). Controller 11 utilizes parameters of probes 30, 32, such as the outer diameter of tip ball 40, to determine how far controller 11 must move the tool in the X and Y directions to contact a sphere of a particular diameter. Decide if you must Controller 11 can then determine how much to move the tool in the X and Y directions to contact a workpiece having an outer diameter different in size than the diameter of tip ball 40 . Parameters of the probes 30, 32, including the sensor sphere diameter, are determined by the user entering the manufacturer and model number of the probes 30, 32 and/or by the probes 30, 32 wirelessly communicating those parameters to the controller 11. etc., to the controller 11.
- the first spindle 14 includes at least one drive for rotating and axially moving the workpiece.
- the at least one drive includes first drive 97 having motor 100 .
- the first spindle assembly 14 includes a spindle assembly 99 including a work support shaft (outer tubular shaft) in the form of spindle shaft 102 and a work holding shaft (tubular shaft) in the form of spline shaft 104 , which engages the inner surface of spline shaft 104 . Also includes a mating collet assembly 106 .
- Collet assembly 106 includes an adapter such as collet adapter 107 for engaging the radially inner surface of spline shaft 104 and a work holder such as collet 109 for engaging a workpiece.
- the splined shaft 104 has an internal sleeve 108 that receives the workpiece.
- Motor 100 can rotate spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 at high speeds, such as 10,000 RPM or higher.
- Machine tool 10 includes a rotational position sensor 199 (see FIG. 1) configured to detect the position of spindle assembly 99, such as one or both of spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104.
- Rotational position sensor 199 may be a component of motor 100 or a separate component, as some examples.
- the controller 11 uses data from the rotational position sensor 199 to determine the rotational position of the work, and operates the motor 100 to adjust the rotational position of the work. Therefore, the machine tool 10 operates the motor 100 to rotate the work with respect to the tool of the first tool post 18 at high speed during automatic operation, and rotate the work with respect to the tool of the first tool post 18 with high precision. provides rotational positioning of the
- rotational position sensor 199 includes an encoder such as an absolute encoder and/or an incremental encoder.
- the encoders may include angular encoders and/or rotary encoders, as some examples.
- Rotational position sensor 199 may include one or more sensors.
- rotational position sensor 199 can include encoders and laser measurement devices.
- the laser measurement device includes an indexer on the spindle shaft 102, a laser light source, and a laser detector. A laser source directs a laser toward the indexer, the laser is reflected from the indexer, and the reflected laser is received by a laser detector.
- controller 11 utilizes data from a laser source and a laser detector to determine input values. Controller 11 determines the position of spindle assembly 99 and workpieces secured therein based at least in part on the data from the encoders and the input correction values. Input correction values may be calculated continuously or periodically, such as with each machine set-up operation, tool change, or change in rotational direction of spindle assembly 99, as some examples.
- the first spindle assembly 14 includes a support assembly 110 having bearing assemblies 112 that allow the spline shaft 104 to rotate.
- Support assembly 110 further includes supports such as carriage 114 .
- Machine tool 10 includes a second drive 109 operable to axially move carriage 114 in directions 118 , 120 along rails 122 of frame 124 of machine tool 10 .
- the second drive device 109 can include, by way of example, a motor and a ball screw transmission.
- the spline shaft 104 is rotatably mounted to the support assembly 110, but the spline shaft 104 is also mounted to the support assembly 110 to move the support assembly 110 in directions 118, 120 along the axis of rotation 15. there is Thus, as support assembly 110 moves in directions 118, 120, spline shaft 104, collet 109, and the workpiece held therein move accordingly in directions 118, 120.
- the spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 have a slide connection 130 therebetween that allows the spline shaft 104 to move axially in directions 118 , 120 relative to the spindle shaft 102 .
- it includes splines extending axially of spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 .
- the splines of spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 axially slidably engage spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 with respect to each other, but spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 rotate as a unit.
- rotation of spindle shaft 102 causes rotation of spline shaft 104 .
- spline shaft 104 can move axially in directions 118 , 120 via movement of support assembly 110 while rotating with spindle shaft 102 .
- guide bushing 70 includes body 140 sized to fit through hole 142 of spindle shaft 102 .
- the guide bushing 70 has a lock 144 that projects radially outwardly to releasably retain the guide bushing 70 within the spindle shaft 102 .
- Lock 144 includes a detent mechanism 145 that includes one or more detent members such as balls 146 .
- the lock 144 has two positions: a locked position in which the balls 146 are biased radially outward to lock the guide bushing 70 within the spindle shaft 102, and a radially inward movement to pull the guide bushing 70 out of the spindle shaft 102. and an unlocked position in which it can be removed.
- the detent mechanism 145 includes a set screw (pressure member) 148 that is tightened to lock the ball 146 in a radially outward fixed position.
- the set screw 148 has a tip with a tapered cam surface 148A such that the tapered cam surface 148A engages the outer surface of the ball 146 when the set screw 148 is threaded.
- the guide bushing 70 further has a guide collet 150 with a hollow portion 152 for receiving the workpiece.
- a collet 109 on the splined shaft 104 is utilized to secure the workpiece to the splined shaft 104 against relative axial and rotational movement.
- Guide collet 150 of guide bushing 70 hollows the workpiece through axial movement of spline shaft 104 so that a desired length of guide is exposed from guide bushing 70 and can be machined by a tool in first turret 18. Allows for axial movement within portion 152 .
- the user Before using the machine tool 10 to machine the work, the user sets up the machine tool 10 to machine the work. First, the user removes guide bushing 70 from spindle shaft 102 . Next, the user manipulates the user interface 13 of the machine tool 10 and rotates the second spindle assembly 16 until the collet 109 in the spline shaft 104 is adjacent the front end 210 of the spindle shaft 102 (one end of the through hole 142). In contrast, jog the support assembly 110 in direction 120 .
- Direction 120 may be referred to as forward and direction 118 as rearward, and movement in direction 120 may be referred to as forward movement and movement in direction 118 as reverse movement.
- the user then inserts and attaches probe adapter 42 of probe 30 to collet 109 .
- the user also connects probe 32 to second spindle 16 .
- the user initiates the setup process and the controller 11 of the machine tool 10 will move the tip ball 40 of the probe 30 until it is in the position shown in FIG.
- the support assembly 110 and splined shaft 104 are retracted in direction 118 so that the tip ball 40 is radially aligned with the tool on the first turret 18 .
- the controller 11 of the machine tool 10 automatically moves the first tool post 18 in the X and Y directions to bring each tool into contact with the tip ball 40 .
- the controller determines the distance between each tool and the probe 30 , specifically the outer surface of the tip ball 40 . 1 monitor the change in the position of the turret 18; The controller performs a similar process to determine the relative positions of the tool in second tool post 20 and tip ball 40 of probe 32 .
- the controller's automated process of determining the relative positions of the tools of the first and second turrets 18, 20 and the probes 30, 32 saves the user considerable time, as previously described.
- Body 36 of probe 30 has a diameter greater than the diameter of hollow 152 of guide bushing 70 (which has a similar size to the hollow of a conventional guide bushing), so that probe 30 is It cannot fit into the collet 109 through the hollow portion 152 and cannot move into the through hole 142 of the spindle shaft 102 .
- the body 36 of the probe 30 is retracted into the through hole 142 of the spindle shaft 102 until the tip ball 40 of the probe 30 is radially aligned with the tool 206 of the first turret 18. be able to.
- Removable guide bushing 70 thus allows probe 30 to be mounted on first spindle 14 to facilitate automated presetting of machine tool 10 .
- Method 200 includes receiving 202 tool data and probe data.
- Receiving data 202 may involve a user entering data regarding one or more tools and probes 30 into controller 11 of machine tool 10 using user interface 13 .
- Tool data may include, for example, information identifying the type, size, material, and manufacturer of the tool.
- Probe data may include, for example, information about the manufacturer, model number, stylus, and/or wireless communication protocol of probe 30 .
- machine tool 10 or its controller 11 receives tool data and probe data via wired or wireless communication. For example, it receives tool data from the tool's RFID tag and pairs with probe 30 to receive probe data, such as by using a Bluetooth® connection.
- the guide bushing 70 is shown secured to the spindle shaft 102 and the detent mechanism 145 of the guide bushing 70 is partially retracted with the balls 146 biased radially outwardly. It protrudes radially outward with respect to the guide bush 70, partially enters the groove 204 of the spindle shaft 102, and is pushed from both the spindle shaft 102 and the guide bush 70 to fix the spindle shaft 102 and the guide bush 70. It is in a fixed form. The upper half of the ball 146 radially overlaps the radially extending groove side surface 215 of the groove 204 .
- the groove side surface 215 is a surface that extends radially from the through hole 142 among the surfaces forming the annular groove 204 .
- the guide bush 70 is inserted into the through-hole 142 so that the axial inner end portion 217 of the guide bush 70 is seated on the seating surface 219 of the spindle shaft 102, and the balls 146 are engaged with the radially extending groove side surface 215 of the groove 204.
- the lock 144 is in the locked position, the guide bushing 70 is locked against axial movement relative to the spindle shaft 102 .
- the tool 206 of the first tool post 18 is positioned such that its work engaging or cutting portion 208 is proximate the front end 210 of the spindle shaft 102 .
- Method 200 includes step 212 of removing guide bushing 70 .
- removing 212 guide bushing 70 includes the user loosening set screw 148 away from the ball to allow ball 146 to move radially inward and out of groove 204 .
- the spindle shaft 102 may include a key 214 that engages an axial keyway 216 (see FIG. 7) in the guide bushing 70 to further constrain relative rotation between the guide bushing 70 and the spindle shaft 102.
- step 212 of removing guide bushing 70 may also include disengaging key 214 from axial keyway 216 . Referring to FIG. 10, spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 are shown with guide bushing 70 removed.
- the method 200 includes moving 220 the spline shaft 104 to a second extended position relative to the spindle shaft 102, as shown in FIG. In the second position, the spline shaft 104 has a front end 222 that is flush with, or slightly axially outboard or inboard of, the front end 210 of the spindle shaft 102 .
- Method 200 includes step 224 of connecting probe 30 to spline shaft 104 .
- Connecting 224 the probe 30 may include securing the probe adapter 42 of the probe 30 within the collet 109 of the spline shaft 104 .
- FIG. 11 shows splined shaft 104 after probe adapter 42 has been secured within collet 109 .
- the method 200 includes retracting 230 the splined shaft 104 from the second position to the first position, as shown in FIG.
- a first position spline shaft 104 is positioned such that probe 30 attached thereto is partially retracted into throughbore 142 of spindle shaft 102 .
- the entire body 36 of the probe 30 is received within the through hole 142 of the spindle shaft 102 and the forward portion 232 of the stylus 38, including the tip ball 40, is forward of the forward end 210 of the spindle shaft 102. protrude to With splined shaft 104 in the first position, tip ball 40 of probe 30 is radially aligned with work engaging or cutting portion 208 of tool 206 .
- Method 200 includes step 240 of advancing tool 206 from an initial position, which is the retracted position of the tool, into contact with tip ball 40 of probe 30 .
- a user may use the user interface to perform step 240 , such as by directing movement of first tool post 18 to bring tool 206 into contact with probe 30 .
- the tool holder supporting the tool 206 is configured to move with the first turret 18 in the X and Y directions (see FIG. 2), such that the tool 206 moves along the first contact with the probe 30 by moving the turret 18 in the X and/or Y directions.
- probe 30 transmits a wireless communication 242 (see FIG. 11) that is received by communication circuitry 19.
- FIG. Communication indicates that probe 30 has detected tool 206 contacting tip ball 40 .
- Method 200 includes step 250 of determining tool setup data. Determining 250 tool setup data utilizes changes in the X, Y, and/or Z coordinates experienced by tool holder 18B as machine tool 10 advances tool 206 into contact with probe 30. FIG.
- the method 200 optionally includes a step 252 of returning the tool 206 to its initial position.
- a step 252 of returning the tool 206 removes the tool 206 out of the way so that another tool on the first tool post 18 can be brought into contact with the probe 30 .
- Method 200 includes determining 254 whether to set up another tool. In that case, method 200 performs the operations of step 240 to approach, step 250 to determine, and step 252 to return with the next tool on first turret 18 .
- the method 200 extends the spline shaft 104 relative to the spindle shaft 102, such as the position shown in FIG. It includes a step 256 of moving to the issued second location. For example, moving the spline shaft 104 until the body 36 of the probe 30 clears the front end 210 of the spindle shaft 102 moves the spline shaft 104 to a second position so that the probe 30 can be easily removed from the spline shaft 104 .
- Method 200 further includes steps 258 of disconnecting probe 30 from spline shaft 104 and steps 260 of reattaching guide bushing 70 to spindle shaft 102 .
- machine tool 10 is ready to receive machining instructions and machine a workpiece.
- controller 11 of machine tool 10 may automate presetting of machine tool 10 .
- controller 11 performs the operations of method 200 and notifies user intervention in steps 212 , 224 , 258 and 260 . These steps include removal and installation of guide bushing 70 and installation and removal of probe 30 . The remaining operations may be performed in an automated or autonomous manner without user intervention, which may reduce the time to preset machine tool 10 .
- the controller 11 also coordinates the motion of the robot arm to perform steps 212, 224, 258, 260 by removing/attaching the guide bushing 70, connecting/disconnecting the probe 30, etc. You may
- Spindle assembly 300 includes spindle 302 including spindle shaft 304 and spline shaft 306 .
- the spindle 302 includes a spline adapter 308 secured to the spindle shaft 304 by fasteners or the like.
- Spline adapter 308 has a hollow portion 314 through which spline shaft 306 extends.
- Spline adapter 308 has female splines 310 that engage male splines 312 of splined shaft 306 .
- the engagement between the female spline 310 and the male spline 312 causes the spline shaft 306 to move axially in an axially inward retraction direction 316 and an axially outward extension direction 318 relative to the spindle shaft 304 . can be done.
- the engagement between female spline 310 and male spline 312 prevents relative rotational movement between spline shaft 306 and spline adapter 308 .
- Spindle 300 has a drive 301 that includes a motor 320 connected to a spindle shaft 304 such as by shrink fitting the rotor of motor 320 onto spindle shaft 304 .
- Motor 320 rotates spindle shaft 304 , which in turn rotates spline shaft 306 through spline adapter 308 .
- the spindle assembly 300 includes a guide bushing 322, similar to the guide bushing 70 described above, attached to the spindle shaft 304 and rotating therewith.
- Guide bushing 70 cooperates with collet assembly 324 to support workpiece 326 .
- Collet assembly 324 has a collet adapter 328 that engages the inner surface of spline shaft 306 and a collet 330 that engages workpiece 326 .
- the guide bushing 322 similarly includes a guide bushing adapter (work support adapter) 332 and a work holder such as a guide collet 334 .
- Collet assembly 324 is axially and rotationally gripped relative to workpiece 326 , while guide collet 334 is slidable axially of workpiece 326 relative to guide bushing 322 .
- the spindle assembly 300 includes bearings 340, 342 that support the spindle shaft 304 and axially moveable supports in directions 316, 318 to move the spline shaft 306 and workpiece 326 secured thereto in the axial directions 316, 318.
- Support assembly 350 has bearings 352 that allow rotation of splined shaft 306 .
- the spindle device 400 has a drive device 401 including a motor 402 , a spindle shaft 404 and a sleeve 406 axially movable relative to the spindle shaft 404 .
- Motor 402 rotates spindle shaft 404 .
- a sleeve 406 has a collet assembly 408 that engages a workpiece 410, and a spindle shaft 404 has a removable guide bushing 412 similar to the guide bushing 70 described above.
- Mandrel 400 has a support assembly 414 with bearings 416 for rotatably supporting sleeve 406 .
- the support assembly 414 is axially moveable to move the sleeve 406 axially 420,422.
- the spindle device 400 includes a spindle gear 424 attached to the end (second end) of the spindle shaft 404 and rotating therewith.
- Mandrel 400 further includes a sleeve gear 430 attached to the outer surface of sleeve 406 and an intermediate or intermediate transmission gear assembly 432 connecting spindle gear 424 and sleeve gear 430 .
- the intermediate gear assembly 432 includes a first gear 434, a second gear 436, and first and second gears 434, 436 mounted to interconnect to rotate together. and a rotating gear shaft 438 having a
- the motor 402 rotates the spindle shaft 404, and the rotation also rotates the spindle gear 424 attached to the spindle shaft 404.
- Rotation of spindle gear 424 is transmitted to first gear 434, shaft 438, second gear 436, sleeve gear 430, and sleeve 406 to rotate first gear 434, shaft 438, second gear 436, sleeve gear 430, and sleeve Rotate 406.
- Sleeve gear 430 and second gear 436 are configured to allow axial movement of sleeve gear 430 with sleeve 406 in directions 420, 422 while maintaining engagement between the teeth of gears 430, 436. be done.
- the spindle device 500 has a drive device 501 including a motor 502 that rotates a spindle shaft 504 and a spindle gear 506 attached to the end (second end) of the spindle shaft 504 .
- Mandrel 500 further includes sleeve 508 attached to the outer surface of sleeve 506 .
- Spindle shaft 504 includes collet assembly 512 having collet adapter 514 and collet 516 .
- the collet 516 engages the workpiece 518 and grips the workpiece 518 so as not to rotate relative to the spindle shaft 504 in the rotational and axial directions.
- Spindle 500 adjusts the axial position of workpiece 518 by moving motor 502 and spindle shaft 504 in axial directions 520 , 522 .
- the spindle device 500 has a sleeve 508 with a guide bushing 530 similar to the guide bushing 70 described above.
- Guide bushing 530 has a guide collet 534 .
- Guide bushing 530 allows workpiece 518 to move axially relative to sleeve 508 while supporting the workpiece.
- the spindle assembly 500 comprises a first gear 542 that engages the spindle gear 506, a second gear 544 that engages the sleeve gear 510, and a first gear 542 and a second gear. It includes an intermediate gear assembly or intermediate transmission gear assembly 540 that includes a rotating gear shaft 546 that connects with a gear 544 .
- spindle shaft 504 is transmitted to spindle gear 506, first gear 542, rotating gear shaft 546, second gear 544, sleeve gear 510, and sleeve 508, and the rotation of spindle gear 506, first gear 542, rotating gear shaft 546, second gear 544, sleeve gear 510, and sleeve 508 are rotated.
- Second gear 544 and sleeve gear 510 are configured to allow axial movement of second gear 544 relative to sleeve gear 510 when spindle shaft 504 is moved in directions 520 , 522 .
- support assembly 550 may be stationary and includes bearings 552 that allow sleeve 508 to rotate.
- Spindle assembly 600 includes spindle shaft 604 and sleeve 610 .
- Spindle 600 has a drive 605 including a first motor 602 operable to rotate a spindle shaft 604 including a collet assembly 606 .
- Collet assembly 606 grips workpiece 608 and secures it against rotation both rotationally and axially relative to spindle shaft 604 .
- First motor 602 and spindle shaft 604 are axially movable in axial directions 607 , 609 to adjust the axial position of workpiece 608 .
- the drive 605 of the spindle 600 includes a second motor 612 having a drive pulley 614 that drives a timing belt 616 that engages a pulley 618 .
- a pulley 618 is attached to the sleeve 610 .
- the second motor 612 rotates the sleeve 610 and the first motor 602 rotates the spindle shaft 604 .
- the first and second motors 602, 614 may be operated at the same or different speeds as required for a particular application.
- the sleeve 610 supports a guide bushing 630 similar to the guide bushing 70 described above.
- Guide bushing 630 allows workpiece 608 to move axially relative to sleeve 610 .
- Mandrel 600 has a support assembly 632 that remains stationary and includes bearings 634 that rotatably support sleeve 610 .
- slide connection 130 includes a ball-spline connection 700 that includes a spline nut 702 of spline shaft 104 and spindle shaft 102 .
- spline nut 702 may be attached to the tubular member of spindle shaft 102 .
- the spline nut 702 includes splines 704 formed on the inner wall portion of the spline nut 702 .
- Spline shaft 104 has splines 708 on its outer peripheral surface.
- Ball spline coupling 700 has a plurality of roller elements such as ball bearings 710 received in pockets 712 formed between spindle shaft 102 and spline nut 702 .
- Ball bearings 710 may roll in pockets 712 to allow relative axial movement of spindle shaft 102 and spline shaft 104 .
- the spline nut 702 applies a radially inward compressive force to the ball bearing 710 .
- One approach is to heat the spline nut to expand it and cool it after the spline shaft and ball bearing are assembled. The spline nut then shrinks slightly (eg, by a few microns) at room temperature, creating a compressive force on the ball bearing.
- ball spline coupling 700 includes spacers such as snap ring 720 , seal 722 and retainer 724 .
- Spacers 724 limit contact between ball bearings 710 .
- Ball spline coupling 800 includes spline nut 802 , spline shaft 804 and ball bearing 806 .
- the spline nut 802 has splines 810 on its inner peripheral surface
- the spline shaft 804 has splines 812 provided on the protrusions between the recesses 814 of the spline shaft 804 .
- a pocket 816 is provided between the inner circumference of spline nut 802 and the outer circumference of spline shaft 804 in which ball bearings 806 roll upon relative axial movement of spline nut 802 and spline shaft 804. .
- the spline 810 of the spline nut 802 has tapered side portions 820 , such as tapered side portions 820 A, 820 B, and the spline 812 of the spline shaft 804 has a surface portion 824 .
- Ball bearing 806 has an outer surface 822 that rolls along tapered side portions 820A, 820B and surface portion 820 as spline shaft 804 and spline nut 802 move axially along their relative axes of rotation.
- tapered side portion 820A engages outer surface 822 of ball bearing 806A.
- the tapered side portion 820A cams the ball bearing 806A radially inward into tighter engagement with the splined shaft 804 .
- Ball bearing 806A strongly resists the camming action, causing splined shaft 804 to rotate in direction 830 with splined nut 802.
- tapered side portion 820B engages ball bearing 806B and cams ball bearing 806B radially inward to provide greater clearance from spline shaft 804.
- Engage without Ball bearing 806B strongly resists the camming action, causing splined shaft 804 to rotate in direction 832 with splined nut 802.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (43)
- 回転軸に沿う軸方向に延びる貫通孔を有する主軸装置と、
前記貫通孔を通り前記軸方向に移動可能な管状シャフトと、
前記貫通孔の一端に着脱可能で、ワークを前記軸方向に移動可能に支持するように構成されるワーク支持体と、
を備え、
前記管状シャフトは、前記貫通孔の前記一端に向けられた第1端と、前記第1端に対して前記軸方向の反対の第2端とを有し、
前記ワーク支持体を前記一端から取り外して、前記第1端にプローブが装着可能である、
工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフトが前記主軸装置に対して第1位置と第2位置とに前記軸方向に移動可能であって、
前記第1位置における前記第1端と前記一端との前記軸方向の第1距離は、前記第2位置における前記第1端と前記一端との前記軸方向の第2距離よりも長く、
前記第1位置における前記第1端は、前記貫通孔の内部に位置し、
前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に設けることは、前記ワーク支持体を前記主軸装置から除いて前記プローブを前記管状シャフトに装着することを可能にし、
前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に設けることは、工具が接触するように前記プローブを位置決めすることを可能にする、
請求項1に記載の工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフトに着脱可能な前記プローブをさらに備え、
前記プローブは、前記管状シャフトに接続されるプローブアダプタと、感知部分とを有し、
前記管状シャフトが前記第1位置に設けられるとき、前記プローブアダプタは、前記貫通孔の内部にあり、前記感知部分は、前記貫通孔の外部にある、
請求項2に記載の工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフトに接続され、前記管状シャフトに前記ワークを固定するように構成されるワークホルダと、
前記ワークホルダに接続されるように構成され、前記貫通孔に合うように寸法決めされた前記プローブと、
をさらに備え、
前記ワークホルダは、前記管状シャフトとともに移動可能であり、
前記管状シャフトが前記第2位置に設けられるとき、前記ワークホルダが前記プローブを受け入れることが可能であり、
前記管状シャフトが前記第1位置に設けられるとき、前記プローブの少なくとも一部が前記貫通孔内にある、
請求項2または3に記載の工作機械。 - 前記プローブは、前記ワークホルダに接続するように構成されたプローブアダプタと、スタイラスと、前記プローブアダプタと前記スタイラスとを仲介する本体とを含み、
前記プローブアダプタ及び前記本体の少なくとも一部は、前記管状シャフトが前記第1位置に設けられるとき、前記貫通孔内にある、
請求項4に記載の工作機械。 - 前記スタイラスの少なくとも一部は、前記管状シャフトが前記第1位置に設けられるとき、前記貫通孔内にある、請求項5に記載の工作機械。
- 前記管状シャフトを前記回転軸の回りに回転させるように構成される駆動装置と、
前記管状シャフトに接続され、前記管状シャフトにワークを固定するように構成されるワークホルダと、
をさらに備え、
前記主軸装置は、前記貫通孔を含み、前記管状シャフトを摺動可能に支持する外管状シャフトを含み、
前記駆動装置は、前記外管状シャフトを前記回転軸の回りに回転させるように構成され、
前記ワーク支持体は、前記外管状シャフトに分離可能に接続され、前記外管状シャフトとともに回転するように構成される、
請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記ワーク支持体は、
前記貫通孔に合うように寸法決めされたワーク支持アダプタと、
固定解除位置と固定位置との間で移動可能な戻り止め部材と、
を含み、
前記固定解除位置において、前記戻り止め部材は、前記ワーク支持アダプタを前記外管状シャフトの前記貫通孔に位置決めできるようにし、
前記固定位置において、前記戻り止め部材は、前記ワーク支持体を前記外管状シャフトに固定する、請求項7に記載の工作機械。 - 前記ワーク支持体は、前記戻り止め部材を前記固定位置に固定するように構成される押圧部材をさらに備える、請求項8に記載の工作機械。
- 前記外管状シャフト及び前記ワーク支持体は、前記外管状シャフトに対する前記ワーク支持体の回転に抵抗するように構成されたキー溝及びキーを含む、
請求項7から9のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトは、前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトの一方の回転を前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトの他方に伝達するスプライン結合を前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとの間に含む、請求項7から10のいずれかに記載の工作機械。
- 前記管状シャフトは第1ギヤを有し、
前記外管状シャフトは第2ギヤを有し、
前記第1ギヤと前記第2ギヤとに係合して、前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトの一方の回転を前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトの他方に伝達する回転ギヤシャフトを有する、
請求項7から11のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記ワーク支持体は、凹部を含み、
前記固定位置において、前記戻り止め部材が前記凹部内に延在して前記ワーク支持体の前記主軸装置に対する移動を制限し、
前記固定解除位置において、前記戻り止め部材が前記凹部内にあまり延在せず前記戻り止め部材が前記ワーク支持体及び前記主軸装置に対する移動を許容する、請求項8または9に記載の工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトの一方は、雌スプラインを有し、
前記管状シャフトおよび前記外管状シャフトの他方は、前記雌スプラインに係合する雄スプラインを有する、
請求項7から13に記載の工作機械。 - 工具を保持するための工具ホルダと、
前記管状シャフトに接続され、前記管状シャフトに前記ワークを固定するように構成されるワークホルダと、
前記管状シャフトを前記回転軸周りに回転させるように動作可能であって、前記主軸装置に対する前記ワークの位置を調整するために、前記管状シャフトを前記主軸装置に対して前記軸方向に移動させるように動作可能な少なくとも1つの駆動装置と、
前記工具ホルダを移動させるよう動作可能な工具ホルダ駆動装置と、
セットアップコマンドを受信するためのユーザインタフェースと、
前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置、前記工具ホルダ駆動装置、及び前記ユーザインタフェースに操作可能に結合されたコントローラと、を備え、
前記コントローラは、前記ユーザインタフェースを介して前記セットアップコマンドを受信すると、
前記プローブを前記管状シャフトに接続するために、前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置に、前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に移動させ、
前記工具ホルダ駆動装置に前記工具ホルダを移動させて前記工具を前記プローブに接触させ、
前記プローブからの信号および前記工具ホルダの移動に基づいて工具セットアップデータを決定する、
請求項2から14のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記ユーザインタフェースは、ワーク支持体を取り外すようにユーザに報知し、前記ワーク支持体が取り外されたことを示すユーザ入力を受信するように動作可能であって、
前記コントローラは、前記ワークが取り外されたことを示す前記ユーザインタフェース及び前記ユーザ入力があると、前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置に、前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に移動させるように構成されている、
請求項15に記載の工作機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置に、前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に移動させて前記プローブによって接触されるように前記プローブを位置決めするように構成される、
請求項15または16に記載の工作機械。 - 前記ユーザインタフェースは、前記プローブが前記管状シャフトに接触されていることを示すユーザ入力を受信するように動作可能であって、
前記コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置に、前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置から前記第1位置に移動させるように構成される、
請求項15から17のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 感知部分を有する前記プローブをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置に、前記管状シャフトを、前記プローブの前記感知部分が前記工具と前記回転軸に対する径方向に位置合わせされる、前記第1位置に移動させるように構成される、
請求項15から18のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記工具ホルダ駆動装置に前記工具ホルダを移動させるように構成され、
前記工具ホルダを移動させることは、前記管状シャフトが前記第1位置にある状態で、前記感知部分と交差する平面内で前記工具ホルダを移動させることを含む、
請求項15から19のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記主軸装置は、前記貫通孔を含み、前記管状シャフトを摺動可能に支持する外管状シャフトを含み、
前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置は、前記外管状シャフトを前記回転軸の回りに回転させるように構成され、
前記少なくとも1つの駆動装置は、
前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトを回転させるように動作可能な第1駆動装置と、
前記管状シャフトをガイドレールに沿って軸方向前後に移動させる第2駆動装置と、
を含む、請求項15から20のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 前記管状シャフトおよび前記外管状シャフトの一方の回転を前記管状シャフトおよび前記外管状シャフトの他方の回転に伝達するように構成された、前記管状シャフトおよび前記外管状シャフトのボールスプライン結合をさらに備え、
前記ボールスプライン結合は、前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとを前記軸方向に相対的に移動させて、前記外管状シャフトに対するワークの位置を前記軸方向に調整し、前記ワークの正確な回転位置決めをできるようにする、
請求項7から10のいずれかに記載の工作機械。 - 回転位置センサと、
少なくとも1つの工具を保持するための工具ホルダと、
前記工具ホルダを移動させるように構成される工具ホルダ駆動装置と、
前記駆動装置、前記回転位置センサ、及び前記工具ホルダ駆動装置に操作可能に結合されたコントローラと、
をさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記回転位置センサからのデータの少なくとも一部に基づいて前記ワークの位置を決定し、
前記回転位置センサからの前記データの少なくとも一部に基づいて決定された前記ワークの前記位置の少なくとも一部に基づいて、前記工具ホルダ駆動装置が前記工具ホルダを移動させ、前記少なくとも1つの工具を前記ワークと接触させる、
請求項22に記載の工作機械。 - 回転位置センサと、
前記駆動装置および前記回転位置センサに操作可能に結合されたコントローラと、
をさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、
前記回転位置センサからのデータの少なくとも一部に基づいて前記ワークの位置を決定し、
前記駆動装置に前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトを回転させて前記工具ホルダの前記少なくとも1つの工具に対する前記ワークの位置を決定する、
請求項22に記載の工作機械。 - 前記ボールスプライン結合は、
前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとのうちの一方のスプラインと、
前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとのうちの他方のスプラインナットと、を含み、
前記ボールスプライン結合は、前記スプラインと前記スプラインナットとに係合するボールベアリングを含む、
請求項22に記載の工作機械。 - 前記スプラインナットはスプラインを含み、
前記ボールベアリングは、前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとのうちの一方のスプラインと、前記スプラインナットのスプラインとに係合する、
請求項25に記載の工作機械。 - 前記ボールスプライン結合は、前記管状シャフトと前記外管状シャフトとのうちの一方の第1のスプラインと、前記管状シャフト及び前記外管状シャフトとのうちの他方のスプラインナットとを含み、
前記スプラインナットは、第2のスプラインを有し、
前記第1のスプラインおよび前記第2のスプラインは、テーパ状側面部分を有し、
前記ボールスプライン結合は、前記スプラインナットの回転時に前記テーパ状側面部分によってカム係合されるボールベアリングを含む、
請求項22に記載の工作機械。 - 回転軸に沿う軸方向に延びる主軸装置の貫通孔に挿入された管状シャフトの第1端を前記貫通孔の一端に近づけることによって、前記管状シャフトを前記軸方向に第2位置に移動させ、
前記管状シャフトの前記第1端が前記貫通孔の内部に位置するように前記管状シャフトの前記第1端を前記貫通孔の前記一端から前記軸方向に離間させることによって、前記管状シャフトを、前記管状シャフトに取り付けられたプローブが工具に接触する第1位置に位置決めし、
前記位置決めすることによって得られたデータに基づいて前記工具のためのセットアップデータを決定することを含む、
工作機械のセットアップの方法。 - 前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置決めすることは、前記工作機械の工具ホルダを移動させて、前記工具ホルダの前記工具を前記プローブに接触させることを含み、
前記セットアップデータは、前記プローブからの信号と前記工具ホルダの前記移動との少なくとも一部に基づいて決定される、請求項28に記載の方法。 - 前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置決めすることは、前記プローブのプローブアダプタを前記貫通孔内に位置決めし、前記プローブの感知部分を前記貫通孔外に位置決めすることを含む、
請求項28または29に記載の方法。 - 前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置決めすることは、前記プローブの一部を前記貫通孔内に進入させることを含む、
請求項28から30のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に移動させる前に、ワークを前記軸方向に移動可能に支持するように構成されるワーク支持体の取り外しを促すことをさらに含む、請求項28から31のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ワーク支持体の取り外しを促すことは、前記工作機械のユーザインタフェースに報知することを含む、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に移動することは、前記管状シャフトを前記軸方向のうちの第1の方向に移動させることを含み、
前前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置させることは、前記管状シャフトを、前記軸方向のうちの、前記第1方向とは反対の第2方向に軸方向に移動させることを含む、請求項28から33のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置決めすることは、前記プローブの感知部分を前記工具が移動可能な平面内に位置させることを含み、
前記平面は、X方向及びY方向に対して平行である、
請求項28から34のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記プローブから、前記工具と前記プローブとの接触を示す前記信号を受信することをさらに含む、請求項28から35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記位置決めの後、前記管状シャフトを前記第2位置に移動し、
前記プローブの取り外しを促し、
前記ワーク支持体の設置を促すことをさらに含む、
請求項32または33に記載の方法。 - 通信回路およびユーザインタフェースのうちの少なくとも1つを介して工具データおよびプローブデータを受信することをさらに含み、
前記管状シャフトを前記第1位置に位置決めすることは、前記工具を移動させて、前記工具を前記プローブに接触させることを含み、
前記プローブからの前記信号、前記工具の前記移動、および前記工具データの少なくとも一部に基づいて、前記工具についての前記セットアップデータを決定する、請求項28から37のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記プローブに接触した後、前記工具を待機位置に移動させ、
前記工作機械の前記工具ホルダを移動させて他の工具を前記プローブに接触させ、
他の工具ホルダの前記移動の少なくとも一部に基づいて、前記他の工具のためのセットアップデータを決定すること
をさらに含む、請求項28から38のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記貫通孔の前記一端から、ワークを前記軸方向に移動可能に支持するように構成されるワーク支持体を取り外し、
前記管状シャフトが前記第2位置に位置するときに、前記プローブを前記管状シャフトに取り付けることをさらに含む、
請求項28から39のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 前記プローブを前記管状シャフトに取り付けることは、前記管状シャフトに接続され、前記管状シャフトに前記ワークを固定するように構成されるワークホルダに前記プローブを連結することを含む、請求項40に記載の方法。
- 工作機械のプロセッサによる実行時に、請求項28から39のいずれかに記載の方法を前記プロセッサに実行させる指示を備える、プログラム。
- 工作機械のプロセッサによる実行時に、請求項28から39のいずれかに記載の方法を前記プロセッサに実行させる指示を備える、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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