WO2022250018A1 - 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022250018A1 WO2022250018A1 PCT/JP2022/021115 JP2022021115W WO2022250018A1 WO 2022250018 A1 WO2022250018 A1 WO 2022250018A1 JP 2022021115 W JP2022021115 W JP 2022021115W WO 2022250018 A1 WO2022250018 A1 WO 2022250018A1
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M169/042—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
- C10M129/48—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C10M129/54—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
- C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
- C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
- C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbased sulfonic acid salts
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- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
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- C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines.
- the present invention relates in particular to internal combustion engine lubricating oil compositions for passenger cars.
- LSPI Low Speed Pre-Ignition
- non-patent Reference 1 The occurrence of LSPI is believed to be affected by calcium-based detergents in lubricating oil for internal combustion engines. For this reason, in order to maintain the detergency and neutralization of internal combustion engine lubricating oil, some of the metallic detergents have been replaced with magnesium detergents to develop lubricating oils for internal combustion engines (patent References 1 and 2).
- the present inventors have diligently studied a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that has both fuel-saving performance and an LSPI reduction effect. As a result of studies, the present inventors have found that by combining a specific HTHS viscosity at 150°C in lubricating oil for internal combustion engines and magnesium salicylate as a metallic detergent, both the effect of reducing LSPI and the further improvement of fuel efficiency can be achieved. I found what I can do. That is, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by adopting the following configuration, and have completed the invention.
- the present invention has been made based on such findings, and is as follows.
- a lubricating base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 2.5 mm 2 /s or more and 4.0 mm 2 /s or less, which contains one or more mineral base oils
- B based on the total amount of the composition
- a lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine containing 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of magnesium salicylate,
- the lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine which has an HTHS viscosity of 1.6 mPa ⁇ s or more and 2.5 mPa ⁇ s or less at 150°C.
- the content of magnesium salicylate is 0.1% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition; and (C) the content of the viscosity index improver is 0.00% based on the total amount of the composition.
- the lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines according to ⁇ 1> which is 1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
- ⁇ 4> The lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the magnesium salicylate has a base number of 350 mgKOH/g or less.
- ⁇ 5> The lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, which has an HTHS viscosity at 150°C of 1.6 mPa ⁇ s or more and 2.0 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- ⁇ 6> The lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the LSPI frequency index calculated by the following formula (6) is 0 or less.
- the lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines of the present invention it is possible to provide a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that has both good fuel economy performance and an LSPI reduction effect.
- Lubricating base oil In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, a mineral base oil can be used as the lubricating base oil.
- the mineral base oil used in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention includes distillate oil obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oil. Alternatively, a lubricating oil fraction obtained by further refining the distillate obtained by vacuum distillation of this distillate by various refining processes can also be used. As the refining process, hydrorefining, solvent extraction, solvent dewaxing, hydrodewaxing, sulfuric acid washing, clay treatment, and the like can be appropriately combined. A lubricating base oil that can be used in the present invention can be obtained by combining these refining processes in an appropriate order. Mixtures of refined oils with different properties obtained by subjecting different crude oils or distillates to different combinations of refining processes can also be used.
- API Group III base oils are mineral base oils having a sulfur content of 0.03 wt.% or less, a saturates content of 90 wt.% or more, and a viscosity index of 120 or more. Multiple types of Group III base oils may be used, or only one type may be used.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may contain only a mineral base oil as the lubricating base oil, or may contain other lubricating base oils.
- the content of the mineral base oil is based on the lubricating base oil, for example, 50% by mass or more, 60% by mass or more, 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass Above, it can be 90% by mass or more, 95% by mass or more, or 99% by mass or more.
- synthetic base oils can be used as other lubricating base oils. Synthetic base oils include, for example, polyolefins such as poly- ⁇ -olefins, polyesters, polyalkylene glycols, alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, and GTL base oils.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of the lubricating base oil contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is 2.5 mm 2 /s or more and 4.0 mm 2 /s or less.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of the lubricating base oil of the present invention is preferably 3.0 mm 2 /s or higher, more preferably 3.2 mm 2 /s or higher, still more preferably 3.4 mm 2 /s or higher.
- the upper limit is preferably 3.9 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 3.8 mm 2 /s or less, and even more preferably 3.6 mm 2 /s or less.
- a specific range is 2.5 mm 2 /s or more and 4.0 mm 2 /s or less, preferably 3.0 mm 2 /s or more and 3.9 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 3.2 mm 2 /s or more. 0.8 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 3.4 mm 2 /s or more and 3.6 mm 2 /s or less.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of the lubricating base oil is 4.0 mm 2 /s or less, sufficient fuel saving performance can be obtained.
- kinematic viscosity at 100° C. means the kinematic viscosity in a state in which all the lubricating base oils are mixed, that is, the kinematic viscosity of the base oil as a whole. That is, it does not mean the kinematic viscosity of a specific lubricating base oil when a plurality of base oils are included.
- kinematic viscosity at 100°C means kinematic viscosity at 100°C measured according to ASTM D-445.
- the content of the lubricating base oil is based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, for example, 50% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, preferably 60% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, more preferably is 70% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and most preferably 85% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less.
- magnesium salicylate is used as the metallic detergent.
- other metallic detergents may be included, but preferably only magnesium salicylate is included.
- magnesium salicylate examples include compounds represented by the following formula (1).
- the magnesium salicylate may be carbonate overbased or borate overbased.
- the content of magnesium salicylate contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.2% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. More preferably, it is 1% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 4% by mass or less. Specific ranges are 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass and 0.1% by mass to 3.0% by mass.
- It is preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 1% by mass or more and 4% by mass or less.
- content of magnesium salicylate is 0.1% by mass or more, effective fuel saving performance and cleaning effect are obtained, and when the content of magnesium salicylate is 10% by mass or less, fuel saving performance and LSPI are reduced. effects are compatible.
- the amount of magnesium derived from magnesium salicylate contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 500 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 1000 ppm by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
- the upper limit is preferably 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1600 mass ppm or less.
- a specific range is preferably 500 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1000 mass ppm or more and 1600 mass ppm or less.
- the base value of the magnesium salicylate contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 140 mgKOH/g or more, more preferably 180 mgKOH/g or more, and still more preferably 200 mgKOH/g or more, from the viewpoint of further improving fuel economy.
- the upper limit is preferably 500 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 400 mgKOH/g or less, still more preferably 350 mgKOH/g or less.
- a specific range is preferably 140 mgKOH/g or more and 500 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 180 mgKOH/g or more and 400 mgKOH/g or less, and still more preferably 200 mgKOH/g or more and 350 mgKOH/g or less.
- the base number is a value measured according to JIS K 2501 5.2.3. The lower the base number, the less the inhibitory effect of MgCO 3 , so the fuel economy can be further improved.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains metal-based detergents other than magnesium salicylate, such as phenate-based detergents, sulfonate-based detergents, and salicylate-based detergents other than magnesium salicylate, within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. can, but preferably contains only magnesium salicylate.
- the present inventors used magnesium salicylate as a detergent and further adjusted the HTHS viscosity at 150 ° C. to 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.5 mPa s or less, so that both the effect of reducing LSPI and the fuel saving performance can be achieved. It has now been found that it is possible to prepare a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines. Such a lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine could not be obtained by using a metallic detergent containing magnesium other than magnesium salicylate. This is surprising (Examples and Comparative Examples to be described later).
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably contains a viscosity index improver.
- a viscosity index improver those commonly used in the field of lubricating oil compositions for internal combustion engines can be used. Specifically, polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers, polybutene, polyisobutene, polyisobutylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, styrene-diene copolymers and hydrogenated products thereof can be used. Polymethacrylate is preferred.
- the weight average molecular weight of the viscosity index improver contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 50,000 or more, still more preferably 100,000 or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 800,000 or less, more preferably 500,000 or less, even more preferably 400,000 or less.
- a specific range is preferably 10,000 or more and 800,000 or less, more preferably 50,000 or more and 500,000 or less, and still more preferably 100,000 or more and 400,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of a high molecular weight polymer means a value (molecular weight obtained by polystyrene conversion) determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the content of the viscosity index improver contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is appropriately adjusted so that the HTHS viscosity of the lubricating oil composition at 150° C. is 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.5 mPa s or less. is preferred.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a viscosity index improver, the content thereof is 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 0.2% by mass or more, more preferably 0.2% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. It is 5% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 3% by mass or less.
- a specific range is 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 8% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 1% by mass. % or more and 3 mass % or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably further contains (D) a molybdenum-based friction modifier as a friction modifier.
- a molybdenum-based friction modifier as a friction modifier.
- MoDTC molybdenum dithiocarbamate
- MoDTC for example, a compound represented by the following formula (2) can be used.
- R 2 to R 5 may be the same or different, and are alkyl groups having 2 to 24 carbon atoms or (alkyl)aryl groups having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 4 carbon atoms. 13 alkyl groups or (alkyl)aryl groups having 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be a primary alkyl group, secondary alkyl group or tertiary alkyl group, and may be linear or branched.
- “(alkyl)aryl group” means "aryl group or alkylaryl group". In the alkylaryl group, the substitution position of the alkyl group on the aromatic ring is arbitrary.
- X 1 to X 4 are each independently a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, and at least one of X 1 to X 4 is a sulfur atom.
- Molybdenum-based friction modifiers other than MoDTC include, for example, molybdenum dithiophosphate, molybdenum oxide, molybdic acid, molybdates such as ammonium salts, molybdenum disulfide, molybdenum sulfide, molybdenum sulfide, organic molybdenum compounds containing sulfur, and the like. can be mentioned.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains a molybdenum-based friction modifier
- its content is 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. 0.2% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 2% by mass or less.
- a specific range is 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass, preferably 0.1% by mass to 8% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.5% by mass to 8% by mass. It is 5 mass % or more and 2 mass % or less.
- the amount of molybdenum derived from the molybdenum-based friction modifier contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 100 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 500 ppm by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
- the upper limit is preferably 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1000 mass ppm or less.
- a specific range is preferably 100 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 500 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention may further contain antiwear agents, antioxidants or dispersants.
- zinc dialkyldithiophosphate As an antiwear agent, it is preferable to add zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP).
- ZnDTP zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
- Examples of zinc dialkyldithiophosphates include compounds represented by the following general formula (3).
- R 6 to R 9 in the general formula (3) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 6 to R 9 One is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group can be primary, secondary or tertiary.
- one of these zinc dialkyldithiophosphates may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate is preferably a zinc dithiophosphate having a primary alkyl group (primary ZnDTP) or a zinc dithiophosphate having a secondary alkyl group (secondary ZnDTP).
- a material containing zinc dithiophosphate as a main component is preferable because it enhances wear resistance.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
- its content is 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. It is 2% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is 10% by mass or less, preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 2% by mass or less.
- a specific range is 0.01% by mass to 10% by mass, preferably 0.1% by mass to 8% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass to 5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.5% by mass to 8% by mass. It is 5 mass % or more and 2 mass % or less.
- the amount of phosphorus derived from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate contained in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 100 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 500 ppm by mass or more, based on the total amount of the composition.
- the upper limit is preferably 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 1000 mass ppm or less.
- a specific range is preferably 100 mass ppm or more and 2000 mass ppm or less, more preferably 500 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less.
- antioxidants such as phenol antioxidants and amine antioxidants can be used.
- examples include aminic antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, alkylated- ⁇ -naphthylamine, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4,4′-methylenebis( 2,6-di-t-butylphenol) and other phenolic antioxidants.
- the lubricating oil composition contains an antioxidant, its content is usually 5.0% by mass or less, preferably 3.0% by mass or less, and preferably 0, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. .1% by mass or more, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more.
- Dispersants include ashless dispersants such as succinimide or benzylamine.
- ashless dispersants such as succinimide or benzylamine.
- its content is usually 5.0% by mass or less, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can contain other additives commonly used in lubricating oils depending on the purpose in order to further improve its performance.
- additives may include additives such as antiwear or extreme pressure agents, pour point depressants, corrosion inhibitors, rust inhibitors, metal deactivators, antifoam agents, and the like.
- the HTHS viscosity at 150° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is 1.6 mPa ⁇ s or more and 2.5 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the HTHS viscosity at 150°C is 2.5 mPa ⁇ s or less, good fuel economy performance can be obtained. If it is less than 1.6 mPa ⁇ s, lubricity may be insufficient.
- the HTHS viscosity at 150°C of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.5 mPa s or less, preferably 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.4 mPa s or less, more preferably 1.6 mPa s. s or more and 2.3 mPa s or less, more preferably 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.2 mPa s or less, still more preferably 1.6 mPa s or more and 2.1 mPa s or less, most preferably 1.6 mPa s or more It is 2.0 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the HTHS viscosity at 150°C indicates the high-temperature high-shear viscosity at 150°C specified in ASTM D4683.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 120 or more and 220 or less, more preferably 140 or more and 200 or less.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition is 140 or more, the fuel economy performance can be further improved while maintaining a low HTHS viscosity at 150°C.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition exceeds 220, the evaporability may deteriorate.
- the viscosity index means a viscosity index measured according to JIS K 2283-1993.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 10 mm 2 /s or more, more preferably 14 mm 2 /s or more, still more preferably 16 mm 2 /s or more, most preferably 18 mm 2 /s or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 30 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 28 mm 2 /s or less, even more preferably 25 mm 2 /s or less, most preferably 22 mm 2 /s or less.
- a specific range is preferably 10 mm 2 /s or more and 30 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 14 mm 2 /s or more and 28 mm 2 /s or less, still more preferably 16 mm 2 /s or more and 25 mm 2 /s or less, most preferably is 18 mm 2 /s or more and 22 mm 2 /s or less.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of the lubricating oil composition is 30 mm 2 /s or less, sufficient fuel saving performance can be obtained.
- kinematic viscosity at 40°C means kinematic viscosity at 40°C measured according to ASTM D-445.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 3 mm 2 /s or more, more preferably 4 mm 2 /s or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 7 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 5 mm 2 /s or less.
- a specific range is preferably 3 mm 2 /s or more and 7 mm 2 /s or less, more preferably 4 mm 2 /s or more and 5 mm 2 /s or less.
- the density ( ⁇ 15) at 15°C of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 0.860 or less, more preferably 0.850 or less.
- the density at 15°C means the density measured at 15°C according to JIS K 2249-1995.
- the frequency of occurrence of LSPI can be reduced.
- the LSPI occurrence frequency means the frequency of occurrence of abnormal combustion when the engine is running at low speeds.
- the frequency of occurrence of LSPI when a lubricating oil composition is used for lubrication of an internal combustion engine has a positive correlation with the Ca content of the lubricating oil composition. It has been reported to have a negative correlation with P content and Mo content. More specifically, it is reported that the LSPI frequency index can be estimated by the following regression equation (6) based on the content of each element in the lubricating oil composition.
- the LSPI frequency index (calculated value) according to the formula (6) of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably 0 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.2 or less, It is more preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.4 or less, still more preferably 0.5 or less, and most preferably 0.6 or less.
- the NOACK evaporation amount at 250° C. is preferably 30% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and 15% by mass or less. Especially preferred. If the NOACK evaporation amount of the lubricating base oil component exceeds 30% by mass, the evaporation loss of the lubricating oil is large, which causes an increase in viscosity and the like, which is not preferable.
- the NOACK evaporation amount is the evaporation amount of lubricating oil measured according to ASTM D5800.
- the lower limit of the NOACK evaporation amount of the lubricating oil composition at 250° C. is not particularly limited, but is usually 5% by mass or more.
- Lubricating oil compositions for testing were prepared by blending base oils and additives at the blending ratios shown in Tables 1 and 2 for each example and each comparative example. The following evaluations were performed on the obtained lubricating oil composition for test. Evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Base oil/base oil 1 Group III base oil (mineral oil) kinematic viscosity 3.3 mm 2 /s (100°C), viscosity index 112 ⁇ Base oil 2: Group III base oil (mineral oil) kinematic viscosity 4.3 mm 2 /s (100°C), viscosity index 123
- Lubricating base oils were prepared by mixing base oils at the mass ratios shown in Tables 1 and 2. In the table, the numerical value of the base oil represents the mass ratio based on the total amount of the base oil.
- Anti-wear agent 1 zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (zinc content 9.3% by mass, phosphorus content 9.3% by mass, sulfur content 17.6% by mass, secondary ZnDTP) - Dispersant 1: Polyimide succinate (nitrogen content 1.75% by mass) ⁇ Antioxidant 1: amine antioxidant ⁇ Antioxidant 2: phenolic antioxidant
- each test lubricating oil composition is shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
- the density at 15° C. of each test lubricating oil composition of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 is 0.850 or less.
- Examples 1 to 4 in which magnesium salicylate was used as a metallic detergent and the HTHS viscosity at 150°C was adjusted to 1.7, had improved fuel economy performance compared to Comparative Example 1, and the LSPI frequency calculated value was also lower. .
- Comparative Example 1 in which calcium salicylate was used as the metallic detergent, gave a higher calculated LSPI frequency.
- Comparative Example 2 in which the HTHS viscosity at 150° C. was adjusted to 2.6, was inferior to Comparative Example 1 in fuel saving performance.
- Comparative Example 3 in which calcium salicylate was used as a metallic detergent and the HTHS viscosity at 150° C. was adjusted to 2.6, showed worse fuel economy performance and higher calculated LSPI frequency than Comparative Example 1.
- Comparative Example 4 in which magnesium sulfonate was used as the metallic detergent, had poor fuel economy performance. Comparative Example 5, in which calcium salicylate was used as the metallic detergent and the amount of the molybdenum friction modifier was reduced, showed a higher calculated LSPI frequency. Comparative Example 5, in which calcium sulfonate was used as the metallic detergent, exhibited poor fuel economy performance and a high calculated LSPI frequency. Comparative Example 6, in which calcium sulfonate was used as a metallic detergent and the HTHS viscosity at 150° C. was adjusted to 1.6, showed poor fuel economy performance and a high calculated LSPI frequency.
- the lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine of the present invention it is possible to provide a lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine that has both good fuel economy performance and an effect of reducing LSPI.
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Abstract
Description
<1>
(A)1種以上の鉱油系基油を含む、100℃における動粘度が2.5mm2/s以上4.0mm2/s以下である潤滑油基油、および(B)組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上10質量%以下のマグネシウムサリシレートを含む、内燃機関用潤滑油組成物であって、
150℃におけるHTHS粘度が、1.6mPa・s以上2.5mPa・s以下である、前記内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
<2>
(B)マグネシウムサリシレートの含有量が、組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上3.0質量%以下であり、そして(C)粘度指数向上剤の含有量が、組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上10質量%以下である、<1>に記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
<3>
摩擦調整剤として、(D)モリブデン系摩擦調整剤を組成物全量基準で0.01質量%以上10質量%以下さらに含む、<1>または<2>に記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
<4>
前記マグネシウムサリシレートの塩基価が、350mgKOH/g以下である、<1>~<3>のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
<5>
150℃におけるHTHS粘度が、1.6mPa・s以上2.0mPa・s以下である、<1>~<4>のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
<6>
以下の式(6)で計算するLSPI頻度指標が、0以下である、<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
式(6):LSPI頻度指標=6.59×Ca-26.6×P-5.12×Mo+1.69
(式(6)中、Caは組成物中のカルシウム含有量(質量%)を表し、Pは組成物中のリン含有量(質量%)を表し、Moは組成物中のモリブデン含有量(質量%)を表す。)。
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、潤滑油基油として、鉱油系基油を用いることができる。
その他の潤滑油基油としては、例えば合成系基油を用いることができる。合成系基油としては、例えば、ポリ-α-オレフィンなどのポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、ポリアルキレングリコール、アルキルベンゼン、アルキルナフタレン、およびGTL基油などが挙げられる。
前記の100℃における動粘度は、全ての潤滑油基油を混合した状態での動粘度、すなわち、基油全体としての動粘度を意味する。すなわち、複数の基油が含まれる場合の、特定の1つの潤滑油基油の動粘度を意味するものではない。
なお、本明細書において「100℃における動粘度」とは、ASTM D-445に準拠して測定された100℃での動粘度を意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物では、金属系清浄剤として、マグネシウムサリシレートを用いる。マグネシウムサリシレートに加えて、他の金属系清浄剤を含むことができるが、マグネシウムサリシレートのみを含むことが好ましい。
マグネシウムサリシレートは、炭酸塩で過塩基化されていてもよく、ホウ酸塩で過塩基化されていてもよい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物に含まれるマグネシウムサリシレートの塩基価は、省燃費性のさらなる向上の観点から、好ましくは140mgKOH/g以上、より好ましくは180mgKOH/g以上、さらに好ましくは200mgKOH/g以上である。上限は、好ましくは500mgKOH/g以下、より好ましくは400mgKOH/g以下、さらに好ましくは350mgKOH/g以下である。具体的な範囲としては、好ましくは140mgKOH/g以上500mgKOH/g以下、より好ましくは180mgKOH/g以上400mgKOH/g以下、さらに好ましくは200mgKOH/g以上350mgKOH/g以下である。なお、前記塩基価は、JIS K 2501 5.2.3により測定される値である。
塩基価が低い方が、MgCO3による阻害効果が少ないので、省燃費性を更に向上することができる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、粘度指数向上剤を含むことが好ましい。粘度指数向上剤としては、内燃機関用潤滑油組成物の分野で一般に使用されているものを使用することができる。具体的には、ポリメタクリレート、オレフィンコポリマー、ポリブテン、ポリイソブテン、ポリイソブチレン、ポリスチレン、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、およびスチレン-ジエン共重合体およびその水素化物等が使用できる。ポリメタクリレートが好ましい。
高分子ポリマーの重量平均分子量は、それぞれゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で求められる値(ポリスチレン換算により得られた分子量)を意味する。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、(D)モリブデン系摩擦調整剤を摩擦調整剤としてさらに含むことが好ましい。成分(D)としては、モリブデンジチオカーバメート(以下、単にMoDTCと称することがある。)が好ましい。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、さらに、摩耗防止剤、酸化防止剤または分散剤を含むことができる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物においては、これらのジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛は一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛としては、第1級アルキル基を有するジチオリン酸亜鉛(プライマリーZnDTP)または第2級アルキル基を含有するジチオリン酸亜鉛(セカンダリーZnDTP)が好ましく、特には、第2級のアルキル基のジチオリン酸亜鉛を主成分とするものが、耐摩耗性を高めるため好ましい。
潤滑油組成物が酸化防止剤を含む場合、その含有量は、潤滑油組成物全量基準で、通常5.0質量%以下であり、好ましくは3.0質量%以下であり、また好ましくは0.1質量%以上であり、より好ましくは0.5質量%以上である。
潤滑油組成物が分散剤を含む場合、その含有量は、潤滑油組成物全量基準で、通常5.0質量%以下であり、また好ましくは0.1質量%以上である。
本発明の潤滑油組成物の150℃におけるHTHS粘度は、1.6mPa・s以上2.5mPa・s以下である。150℃におけるHTHS粘度が2.5mPa・s以下であることにより、良好な省燃費性能を得ることができる。1.6mPa・sを下回ると、潤滑性不足となる可能性がある。
本発明の潤滑油組成物の150℃におけるHTHS粘度は、1.6mPa・s以上2.5mPa・s以下、好ましくは1.6mPa・s以上2.4mPa・s以下、より好ましくは1.6mPa・s以上2.3mPa・s以下、より好ましくは1.6mPa・s以上2.2mPa・s以下、さらに好ましくは1.6mPa・s以上2.1mPa・s以下、最も好ましくは1.6mPa・s以上2.0mPa・s以下である。
なお、150℃におけるHTHS粘度とは、ASTM D 4683に規定される150℃での高温高せん断粘度を示す。
なお、本明細書において粘度指数とは、JIS K 2283-1993に準拠して測定された粘度指数を意味する。
なお、本明細書において「40℃における動粘度」とは、ASTM D-445に準拠して測定された40℃での動粘度を意味する。
非特許文献1には、潤滑油組成物を内燃機関の潤滑に用いたときのLSPIの発生頻度は、該潤滑油組成物のCa含有量と正の相関を有し、該潤滑油組成物のP含有量およびMo含有量と負の相関を有することが報告されている。より具体的には、潤滑油組成物中の各元素の含有量に基づいて、LSPI頻度の指標を次の回帰式(6)で推定できることが報告されている。
式(6)
LSPI頻度指標=6.59×Ca-26.6×P-5.12×Mo+1.69
(式(6)中、Caは組成物中のカルシウム含有量(質量%)を表し、Pは組成物中のリン含有量(質量%)を表し、Moは組成物中のモリブデン含有量(質量%)を表す。)
各実施例および各比較例について表1~2に示す配合割合で、基油および添加剤を配合することによって、試験用潤滑油組成物を調製した。得られた試験用潤滑油組成物に対して、次に示す評価を行った。評価結果を表1~2に示す。
・基油1:グループIII基油(鉱油) 動粘度3.3mm2/s(100℃)、粘度指数 112
・基油2:グループIII基油(鉱油) 動粘度4.3mm2/s(100℃)、粘度指数 123
表1~2に示した質量比で基油を混合し、潤滑油基油を調製した。表中、基油の数値は基油全量基準での質量比を表している。
表1~2に記載の通り、添加剤を添加した。添加剤の詳細は以下の通りである。添加剤の配合量は、潤滑油組成物全量基準である。
(B)金属系清浄剤
・金属系清浄剤1:カルシウムサリシレート(カルシウム含有量が8.0質量%、塩基価:225mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤2:カルシウムスルホネート(カルシウム含有量が12.5質量%、塩基価:320mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤3:マグネシウムサリシレート(マグネシウム含有量が7.4質量%、塩基価:342mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤4:マグネシウムサリシレート(マグネシウム含有量が6.1質量%、塩基価:292mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤5:マグネシウムサリシレート(マグネシウム含有量が4.3質量%、塩基価:218mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤6:マグネシウムサリシレート(マグネシウム含有量が8.3質量%、塩基価:390mgKOH/g)
・金属系清浄剤7:マグネシウムスルホネート(マグネシウム含有量が9.1質量%、塩基価:405mgKOH/g)
(C)粘度指数向上剤
・粘度指数向上剤1:ポリメタクリレート(重量平均分子量380,000)
(D)摩擦調整剤
・摩擦調整剤1:モリブデンジチオカーバメート(モリブデン含有量が9.1質量%、硫黄含有量が10.8質量%)
・分散剤1:コハク酸ポリイミド(窒素含有量1.75質量%)
・酸化防止剤1:アミン系酸化防止剤
・酸化防止剤2:フェノール系酸化防止剤
(1)省燃費性能
各試験用潤滑油組成物について、モータリングエンジントルク試験を行った。各試験用潤滑油組成物について、当該潤滑油組成物(油温95℃)により潤滑されたDOHCエンジン(排気量2.0L)の出力軸を電動モータにより一定速度で回転させるのに必要なトルクを測定した。測定は1000rpmで行い、比較例1における測定値に対するトルクの低減率を算出した。トルクの低減率が高いほど省燃費性能に優れることを意味する。
前述の式(6)を用いて、各試験用潤滑油組成物のLSPI頻度指標を算出した。結果はLSPI頻度指標が低いほどLSPI抑制能が良いことを示す。
カルシウムサリシレートを金属系清浄剤として用いた比較例1は、LSPI頻度計算値が高くなった。
150℃におけるHTHS粘度を2.6に調整した比較例2は、比較例1に対して省燃費性能が悪化した。
カルシウムサリシレートを金属系清浄剤として用い、150℃におけるHTHS粘度を2.6に調整した比較例3は、比較例1に対して省燃費性能が悪化し、LSPI頻度計算値が高くなった。
マグネシウムスルホネートを金属系清浄剤として用いた比較例4は、省燃費性能が悪化した。
カルシウムサリシレートを金属系清浄剤として用い、モリブデン系摩擦調整剤の添加量を減少させた比較例5は、LSPI頻度計算値が高くなった。
カルシウムスルホネートを金属系清浄剤として用いた比較例5は、省燃費性能が悪化し、LSPI頻度計算値が高くなった。
カルシウムスルホネートを金属系清浄剤として用い、150℃におけるHTHS粘度を1.6に調整した比較例6は省燃費性能が悪化し、LSPI頻度計算値が高くなった。
Claims (6)
- (A)1種以上の鉱油系基油を含む、100℃における動粘度が2.5mm2/s以上4.0mm2/s以下である潤滑油基油、および
(B)潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上10質量%以下のマグネシウムサリシレートを含む、内燃機関用潤滑油組成物であって、
150℃におけるHTHS粘度が、1.6mPa・s以上2.5mPa・s以下である、前記内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。 - (B)マグネシウムサリシレートの含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上3.0質量%以下であり、
さらに(C)粘度指数向上剤を含み、
前記(C)粘度指数向上剤の含有量が、潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.1質量%以上10質量%以下である、請求項1に記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。 - 摩擦調整剤として、(D)モリブデン系摩擦調整剤を潤滑油組成物全量基準で0.01質量%以上10質量%以下さらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
- 前記マグネシウムサリシレートの塩基価が、350mgKOH/g以下である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
- 150℃におけるHTHS粘度が、1.6mPa・s以上2.0mPa・s以下である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
- 以下の式(6)で計算するLSPI頻度指標が、0以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の内燃機関用潤滑油組成物。
式(6)
LSPI頻度指標=6.59×Ca-26.6×P-5.12×Mo+1.69
(式(6)中、Caは組成物中のカルシウム含有量(質量%)を表し、Pは組成物中のリン含有量(質量%)を表し、Moは組成物中のモリブデン含有量(質量%)を表す。)。
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