WO2022248172A1 - Bodenbearbeitungsgerät - Google Patents
Bodenbearbeitungsgerät Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022248172A1 WO2022248172A1 PCT/EP2022/061839 EP2022061839W WO2022248172A1 WO 2022248172 A1 WO2022248172 A1 WO 2022248172A1 EP 2022061839 W EP2022061839 W EP 2022061839W WO 2022248172 A1 WO2022248172 A1 WO 2022248172A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tool carrier
- drive
- carrier unit
- soil cultivation
- tool
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 158
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 144
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 80
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/12—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture
- A01B39/18—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing for special purposes, e.g. for special culture for weeding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B39/00—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing
- A01B39/08—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with rotating tools such as weeding machines
- A01B39/085—Other machines specially adapted for working soil on which crops are growing with rotating tools such as weeding machines the rotating tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/02—Apparatus for mechanical destruction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a soil tillage implement for mechanical weed control in rows of cultivated plants.
- Soil cultivation implements for mechanical weed control between rows of cultivated plants are known in many variants.
- a central component of such soil cultivation devices are hoeing devices and in particular hoeing shares, which are used to cut through or loosen the roots of weeds and similar unwanted growth in the earth.
- the hoe share is pulled through the ground at a shallow depth, with a depth control wheel usually being provided, with the help of which the hoe share can follow the ground contours.
- Rake shares often combined with harrow tines, which on the one hand serve to break up the clods and clods of earth loosened by the hoe shares and on the other hand to pull the weeds to the surface of the earth. In both cases, the roots of the weeds are exposed, dry out and can no longer grow.
- Such soil cultivation devices are known, for example, from EP 0 426 960 B1, DE 35 21 785 C2 or US Pat. No. 5,168,936.
- AT 522 163 A4, EP 3 610 712 A1 and DE 41 35 414 A1 also disclose soil tillage equipment for combating weeds within a row of cultivated plants, the tools of the soil tillage equipment essentially consisting of two chopping elements that can be pivoted transversely to the direction of travel to be moved towards each other.
- the hoeing elements are controlled via a camera system coupled to a computer.
- the publications DE 197 23 505 C2, WO 2008/135867 A2 and DE 10 2017 108 135 A1 show soil tillage equipment for controlling weeds, in which the tools for controlling weeds perform a rotating movement between the rows of plants.
- the tools are controlled via a camera system coupled to a computer.
- Soil tillage tools thrown out in an uncontrolled manner As a result, the area between the crops in a row of plants becomes impoverished in soil and crops are damaged or completely buried by the clods of earth thrown away.
- the invention is based on the object of providing a tillage device for mechanical weed control within a number of crops, with the help of which a possible complete and reliable weed control within a range of crops can be carried out at relatively high tractor speed during processing.
- the present invention provides a tillage implement for mechanical weed control in rows of crops.
- the soil cultivation device has a frame that can be fastened to a tractor for moving in a direction of travel and at least one processing unit that is arranged on the frame.
- the processing unit has at least one tool carrier unit with at least one soil processing tool arranged on the tool carrier unit.
- At least one deflection means is provided for deflecting the tool carrier unit, with the at least one deflection means being able to deflect at least a partial region of the tool carrier unit at least in a direction transverse to the direction of travel.
- the soil cultivation device has at least one drive means for driving the tool carrier unit, wherein the soil cultivation tool can be moved on an endlessly circulating path by a movement of the tool carrier unit.
- the drive means for driving the tool carrier unit is set up and designed in such a way that the tool carrier unit can be moved at a speed that is matched to the speed of the tractor in the direction of travel in such a way that the soil tillage tool, during its endlessly revolving movement, only reaches areas between two consecutive crops in the row of cultivated plants intervenes.
- the soil cultivation tool can be moved in a tool direction in the section of its endlessly revolving path near the ground, the tool direction forming an angle ⁇ with the direction of travel, with ⁇ satisfying the condition 90° ⁇ 180°.
- the essence of the present invention lies in the idea of not moving the tillage tools transversely to the direction of travel when they engage in the soil, but rather at an angle to the direction of travel of between 90° and 180°. This ensures that the tillage tools, when they engage in the soil, carry out at least part of their movement in a direction that is opposite to the direction of travel of the tractor. This results in a reduced speed of the soil tillage tool relative to the ground when engaging in the soil. This in turn leads to a significantly reduced probability of damage to the Cultivated plants and in particular to a lower impulse input into the arable soil.
- the drive means for driving the tool carrier unit is set up and designed in such a way that the tool carrier unit can be moved at a speed that is matched to the speed of the tractor unit in the direction of travel in such a way that the Tillage tool engages in its endless revolving movement only in areas between two consecutive crops of the row of crops.
- the own speed of the tillage tool is therefore matched to the own speed of the tractor.
- the speed at which the tillage tools engage in the soil naturally depends first of all on the speed at which the tool carrier unit is driven. Again, this speed cannot be freely selected, since it depends on the dimensioning of the tool carrier unit and on the number of soil tillage tools that are arranged on a tool carrier unit. In principle, the speed of the soil tillage tools must be selected to be higher, the larger the tool carrier unit is dimensioned and the fewer soil tillage tools are attached to the tool carrier unit. In extreme cases, a single tillage tool that is arranged on a tool carrier unit with a circumference of a few meters must be moved very quickly, since this single tillage tool is supposed to reach into every space between the individual crops in a row of crops.
- a plurality of soil tillage tools will be attached to a tool carrier unit, with the specific number of soil tillage tools being adapted to the circumference of the tool carrier unit.
- a distance between the tillage tools can be selected that essentially corresponds to the distance between the crop plants.
- the selection of the angle between the tool direction defined above and the direction of travel can result in the soil tillage tools having a reduced speed relative to the ground when they engage in the soil.
- the relative speed of the soil tillage tool is lower the closer the angle between the tool direction and the direction of travel is to the value of 180°. If the value is exactly 180°, the tractor and tillage tool move in opposite directions. In this case, if the speed of the soil working tool corresponds to the speed of the tractor, the speed of the soil working tool relative to the ground is zero.
- the soil working tool Over the area in which the soil working tool, as described in more detail below, is lowered in the vertical direction and thereby engages in the soil, the soil working tool therefore has a speed relative to the ground of zero.
- the soil tillage tool is, so to speak, stuck into the soil at a specific position and then pulled out of the soil again at the same position.
- the angle between the tool direction and the direction of travel is 180° and that the speed of the soil tillage tool is the same as the speed of the tractor.
- the soil tillage implement moves relative to the ground.
- Each deviation from 180° leads to a smaller component of movement of the tillage tool in the opposite direction to the direction of travel of the tractor and to an increasing component of movement of the tillage tool transverse to the direction of travel, i.e. in a direction transverse to the row of crops. If the processing unit is positioned appropriately, this movement component of the tillage tool leads transversely to the direction of travel through the space between two consecutive crops.
- the relative speed of the tillage tool relative to the ground is very low, since the majority of the movement component of the tillage tool still occurs in the opposite direction to the direction of travel of the tractor.
- the tillage tool therefore engages the soil slowly and with little impulse, which leads to the advantage already described that less soil is thrown away and the soil between the plants of a number of crops is preserved.
- a further, even greater advantage lies in the fact that the tractor can be moved forwards at a speed which is significantly increased compared to the solutions known from the prior art.
- the speed of the tool carrier and thus the speed of the tillage tools can easily be adjusted to the speed of the tractor over a wide range. Even with an increased own speed, however, the relative speed of the tillage tool remains when it engages and Movement through the ground is comparatively low and still has the advantages discussed above.
- the soil tillage device for mechanical weed control in rows of crop plants according to the present invention, which allow soil tillage to control weeds while at the same time protecting the crop plants.
- Cameras are usually used for this purpose, which detect the individual plants and forward this image information to a computer unit for evaluation.
- a separate camera can be used for each row of plants, but solutions are also known in which one camera records multiple rows of cultivated plants.
- the cameras are positioned and fastened as is known from the prior art.
- speedometers and GPS systems are provided on the towing vehicle, with the aid of which an exact determination of the position, the direction of movement and the speed of the towing vehicle can be carried out.
- the tractor can also be equipped with a commercial RTK system.
- an RTK receiver module is installed on the tractor.
- the signal from the GPS satellites is transmitted to a base station which processes it and forwards the signal with RTK level corrections to a receiver installed on the tractor. In this way, the position and speed of the tractor unit can be determined with a significantly higher level of accuracy than with conventional GPS navigation.
- All data, ie camera recordings of the plants, position and speed data of the tractor, and position data of the tillage tools are passed on to a computer unit advantageously arranged on the tractor and processed there.
- the Computer unit determines that there are irregular distances or that the position of the plants cannot be determined with certainty at all due to excessive weed growth, the computer unit instructs the processing unit assigned to the corresponding row of plants to stop processing. As a result, for example, the corresponding processing unit is pivoted upwards in the vertical direction, so that the soil processing tools arranged on this processing unit no longer come into contact with the ground.
- the position of the tractor and each tillage unit relative to the plants in the row of plants assigned to this tillage unit is also determined with the aid of the aforementioned sensors and position determination means.
- the position of the processing unit in the direction of travel is changed in such a way that the soil processing tools arranged on this processing unit are positioned in an area between the crop plants.
- the tool carrier unit is still oriented parallel to the row of plants, so the angle between the direction of the tool and the direction of travel is 180°.
- At least a partial area of the tool carrier unit is deflected in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, as a result of which the angle between the direction of the tool and the direction of travel is set to a value between 90° and 180°.
- at least one deflection means is provided for this process, the design of which will be discussed in more detail below.
- the frame of the tillage implement preferably has a three-point tower, which is known per se, with the aid of which the tillage implement can be connected to a three-point linkage of the tractor.
- the tillage tools are attached to a circular disk.
- disk is used in this sense used.
- the circular disc is oriented vertically, so its radius is perpendicular to the ground.
- the circular disk is rotated in such a way that the angle between the direction of the tool and the direction of travel satisfies the condition 90° ⁇ a ⁇ 180°.
- cc ß also applies.
- a circular disk in particular a circular disk made of metal, represents an extremely robust form of tool carrier unit that is easy to manufacture and technically simple to install.
- the soil tillage tools can be distributed over the circumference of the circular disk, pointing outwards in a star shape and firmly connected to the circular disk, for example welded .
- a circular guide disc is also particularly preferably provided, with the soil tillage tool being guided through a recess provided in the circular guide disc.
- the circular disk and the guide circular disk have identical diameters.
- the center points of the circular disk and guide circular disk lie in a common plane perpendicular to the base, with the radius of the circular disk already mentioned above, which is oriented perpendicular to the base, also lying in this plane.
- the two circular discs are only slightly offset from one another and overlap to a large extent in the projection perpendicular to the surface of the circular disc.
- the tillage tool or tillage tools are movably attached to the circular disc, for example with the help of a ball joint.
- the circular guide disk has a number of recesses corresponding to the number of soil tillage tools.
- the tool carrier unit is a belt drive, the belt drive having an endlessly revolving drive belt, two deflection rollers and an elongate deflection roller connection means for firmly connecting the two deflection rollers, the soil working tool being arranged on the drive belt, it being the drive means for driving the tool carrier unit is a drive means for driving the tape drive, the at least one deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit being a deflection means for deflecting the tape drive, the deflection means causing the tape drive to be deflected in a direction transverse to the direction of travel can be effected over at least a partial peripheral area of the circulating drive belt.
- a tape drive has the particular advantage that the length of the circulating drive tape can be varied within wide ranges, which leads to increased flexibility in determining and adjusting the speed of the drive tape to the speed of the tractor.
- the deflection means for deflecting the tape drive is a deflection means for deflecting the drive belt and/or a deflection means for deflecting the deflection roller connection means.
- a deflection of only the deflection roller connection means can cause the entire tape drive to swing in over the row of cultivated plants. If only the drive belt is deflected, the deflection roller connection means remains aligned parallel to the row of plants.
- the intervention of the tillage tools in the area between the cultivated plants in a row of plants is made possible by the targeted deflection of the conveyor belt. Both types of deflection can be combined with each other.
- the deflection roller connection means is then pivoted by the deflection means parallel to the ground in such a way that after the pivoting, the deflection roller connection means forms an angle of 90° ⁇ g ⁇ with the row of crop plants forms 180°.
- a plurality of soil tillage tools are arranged on the tool carrier unit, the soil tillage tools preferably being arranged at a constant distance from one another on the tool carrier unit.
- the speed of the soil cultivation tools must be selected to be higher the fewer soil cultivation tools are attached to the conveyor belt.
- a single soil tillage tools are arranged on the tool carrier unit, the soil tillage tools preferably being arranged at a constant distance from one another on the tool carrier unit.
- Tillage tool which is arranged on a drive belt with a length of a few meters, are moved very quickly, since this single tillage tool is supposed to intervene in every space between the individual crops of a row of crops.
- a distance between the tillage tools can be selected that essentially corresponds to the distance between the crop plants.
- a support wheel arranged on the frame that can be fastened to the traction machine can be used as drive means for driving the tool carrier unit for guiding the working depth.
- the support wheel is mechanically coupled to the tool carrier unit.
- the support wheel is mechanically coupled to a deflection roller of the tape drive in such a way that the support wheel and deflection roller can be moved at the same angular velocity.
- a drive belt carriage arranged on the frame that can be fastened to the tractor can be used as the drive means for driving the tool carrier unit, with a means for driving the drive belt carriage being provided and/or the drive belt carriage being in contact with the ground over a partial peripheral region of the drive belt carriage.
- the drive belt drive can be, for example, a link chain, a gear chain, a track chain or wire ropes. If the drive belt drive is in contact with the ground, the drive belt drive is moved with the ground due to its friction. The drive is actually provided by the movement of the tractor.
- the drive belt drive can also be driven by any type of engine, such as a petrol engine, an oil engine or an electric motor, which has the advantage that any type of slip that occurs between the drive belt drive and the ground can occur is avoided.
- the drive belt drive is mechanically coupled to the tool carrier unit or the tool carrier units and drives them.
- the drive unit for driving the tool carrier unit is particularly preferably a motor, in particular an electric motor. Extremely high flexibility with regard to the selectable speed and a particularly simple regulation and control of the speed are associated with this embodiment.
- a plurality of machining units with a plurality of tool carrier units are arranged on the frame.
- This embodiment takes into account the fact that modern agricultural implements have a width of several meters and, as a result, a plurality of rows of cultivated plants can be processed simultaneously in one operation.
- the individual tool carrier units can be operated at different speeds, individually adapted to the plant spacing. Due to the control by the computer unit, the tool carrier units can also assume different angles relative to the direction of travel. Finally, individual tool carrier units can be pivoted vertically upwards if processing the corresponding row of plants is not possible due to the specific conditions in this row.
- At least one camera and at least one computer unit are preferably provided, with the computer unit being designed and set up for processing the image information recorded by the camera.
- the advantages associated with a camera and a computer unit have already been discussed in detail. However, it should be made clear that the present invention can also be implemented without these optionally provided aids. According to the invention, it is only necessary for the tool carrier unit to be movable at a speed that is matched to the speed of the tractor in the direction of travel in such a way that the soil tillage tool, during its endlessly revolving movement, only engages in areas between two consecutive crops in the row of crops.
- the soil tillage tools are preferably harrow tines or hoe shares. Harrow tines are used to pull weeds to the surface of the earth. In addition, the harrow tines serve to break up compacted soil in an area relatively close to the crops.
- the at least one machining unit has at least one first hydraulic adjusting means, it being possible for the first hydraulic adjusting means to cause the tool carrier unit to move parallel to the direction of travel.
- first hydraulic adjusting means it being possible for the first hydraulic adjusting means to cause the tool carrier unit to move parallel to the direction of travel.
- the first hydraulic adjusting means is connected to the computer unit and can reposition the tool carrier unit accordingly based on the plant positions detected by the cameras during processing.
- the positioning preferably takes place over a distance of at most ⁇ 50 cm in the direction of travel, starting from a zero position.
- the at least one machining unit preferably has at least one second hydraulic adjusting means, wherein the second hydraulic adjusting means can be used to move at least a partial area of the tool carrier unit in a direction transverse to the direction of travel.
- the tape drive can be deflected by deflecting the drive tape and/or by deflecting the deflection roller connection means. A deflection of only the deflection roller connection means can cause the entire tape drive to swing in over the row of cultivated plants. This pivoting can be effected in a particularly simple and advantageous manner by a second hydraulic actuating means.
- the at least one machining unit particularly preferably has at least one third hydraulic adjusting means, it being possible for the third hydraulic adjusting means to cause the tool carrier unit to move in the vertical direction.
- a movement of the tool carrier unit in the vertical direction is required, for example, when the camera system determines that there are irregular distances between the plants or that the position of the plants cannot be determined with certainty at all due to excessive weed growth.
- the computer unit specifies the processing unit assigned to the corresponding row of plants receives the instruction to stop processing. As a result, for example, the corresponding processing unit is pivoted upwards in the vertical direction, so that the soil processing tools arranged on this processing unit no longer come into contact with the ground.
- Such a vertical upward pivoting can be effected particularly easily by a third hydraulic actuating means.
- the deflection means required to deflect the tool carrier unit can be implemented in various ways.
- the deflection of a circular disc as well as the deflection of a tape drive can be brought about by the second hydraulic actuating means.
- deflection means and also any type of drive for the deflection means can be used in connection with any type of tool carrier unit for deflecting this tool carrier unit. It can therefore be a hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical or manual deflection means. In principle, manual deflection of the tool carrier unit is just as possible as deflection by any type of motor that acts on the deflection means directly or via an actuating means.
- the tape drive can be deflected by deflecting the drive tape and/or by deflecting the deflection roller connection means. If only the drive belt is deflected, the deflection roller connection means remains aligned parallel to the row of plants. The intervention of the tillage tools in the area between the cultivated plants in a row of plants is made possible by the targeted deflection of the conveyor belt. Both types of deflection can be combined with each other.
- the deflection means required to deflect the tape drive can be implemented in various ways.
- the deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit can be, for example, a crowning plate. With a correspondingly shaped crowning plate, the drive belt can be deflected in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, ie transverse to the row of plants, but also in a direction vertically downwards or upwards.
- the tillage tools that are attached to the drive belt are brought up to the ground from above and then engage in it. Subsequently, the tillage tools are guided through the space between two plants in engagement with the ground and then lifted vertically upwards.
- the functions described in connection with a crowning plate can also be taken over by a cam track as a deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit. Curved tracks are available in a wide variety of designs known to those skilled in the art.
- the deflection means for deflecting the circulating drive belt is a means for tilting the axes of rotation of the deflection rollers.
- the conveyor belt can be guided in such a way that the soil cultivation tools attached to it can be brought up to the ground from above, and then into the ground in the space between two plants row of plants intervene and then be lifted upwards.
- At least one drive unit is preferably provided for executing a movement of the first and/or the second adjusting means and/or the third adjusting means.
- This is particularly preferably an electric or hydraulic actuator that can be controlled by means of a control device.
- the actuating means can also be moved from the tractor unit during tillage.
- An electric actuator can expediently comprise a geared motor arranged on the frame, which is connected to the respective actuating means via a belt or chain drive, for example.
- a hydraulic drive that is particularly advantageous in terms of the energy supply and is therefore also ideally suited for driving large soil tillage implements with a large number of tillage units can comprise a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the frame, which is simultaneously used to carry out a movement of the first and/or the second actuating means and/or the third Adjusting means can be used.
- the drive means for driving the tool carrier unit and/or the means for driving the drive belt drive and/or the drive unit for executing a movement of the first and/or the second and/or the third actuating means is preferably a control device that can be controlled by means of a control unit electric or hydraulic drive.
- the control unit is preferably a computer unit.
- An electric drive can expediently comprise a geared motor arranged on the frame, which is connected to the respective tool carrier unit, the drive belt drive or the respective adjusting means via a belt or chain drive, for example.
- a hydraulic drive that is particularly advantageous in terms of energy supply and is therefore also ideally suited for driving large soil tillage implements with a large number of tillage units can hydraulic cylinder arranged on the frame, which at the same time executes a movement of the tool carrier unit and/or a movement of the drive belt drive and/or a movement of the first and/or the second and/or the third adjusting means of the first and/or the second adjusting means and/or of the third adjusting agent can be used.
- the at least one machining unit particularly preferably has two tool carrier units. If the two tool carrier units are positioned correspondingly offset in the direction of travel, they can engage in a kind of zipper method from opposite sides in the respective space between two plants in a row of plants. In this way, a further improved, more intensive destruction of weeds is achieved while at the same time protecting crop plants and high processing speed.
- the two tool carrier units of a processing unit are two belt drives, with the use of the soil tillage implement the respective row of cultivated plants being processed being arranged between the two belt drives, with each of the two belt drives being assigned a deflection means for deflecting the respective drive belt, with the two deflection means can cause the two circulating drive belts to be deflected in an opposite direction transverse to the direction of travel.
- the two crowning plates deflect the two drive belts in opposite directions so that they can reach into the space between two plants in a row of plants from opposite directions.
- the two conveyor belts are offset from one another in the direction of travel.
- one or more tool carrier units are each assigned two deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit.
- This can involve two identical or two different deflection means.
- a hydraulic actuating means can be combined with, for example, a crowning plate as a deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit.
- the hydraulic adjusting means assumes the pivoting of a partial area of the tool carrier unit in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, which is necessary after the positioning of the machining unit in the direction of travel, whereby the angle between the direction of the tool and the direction of travel is set to a value between 90° and 180°.
- the required vertical movement of the tillage tools can then be effected by the crowning plate.
- the crowning plate can of course also cause an additional deflection of a portion of the tool carrier unit in a direction transverse to the direction of travel.
- a vibrating motor is particularly preferably assigned to each processing unit. Larger chunks of earth can be broken up by the vibrating motor, which limits or completely prevents the growth of weeds.
- each tool carrier unit is assigned a second hydraulic actuating means as a deflection means for deflecting the tool carrier unit. It has been found that a hydraulic actuating means is best suited for pivoting a partial area of the tool carrier unit in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, which is required following the positioning of the machining unit in the direction of travel. It has also been shown that the results of tillage are best with a tool carrier unit that is pivoted over the row of plants.
- the relative speed of the soil tillage tool is lower the closer the angle between the tool direction and the direction of travel is to the value of 180°. If the value is exactly 180°, the tractor and tillage tool move in opposite directions. In this case, if the speed of the soil working tool corresponds to the speed of the tractor, the speed of the soil working tool relative to the ground is zero.
- Tillage tool transverse to the direction of travel through the space between two consecutive crops.
- the tillage tool therefore engages the soil slowly and with little impulse, which leads to the advantage already described that less soil is thrown away and the soil between the plants of a number of crops is preserved.
- a further, even greater advantage lies in the fact that the tractor can be moved forwards at a significantly increased speed compared to the solutions known from the prior art.
- the speed of the tool carrier and thus the speed of the tillage tools can easily be adjusted to the speed of the tractor over a wide range. Even with an increased own speed, however, the relative speed of the tillage tool remains when it engages and
- the following ranges for the angle ⁇ between the tool direction and the direction of travel have proven to be particularly advantageous: 120° ⁇ oc ⁇ 180°, preferably 150° ⁇ oc ⁇ 180°, particularly preferably 160° ⁇ oc ⁇ 180°, particularly preferred 165° ⁇ oc ⁇ 175°.
- the following ranges for the angle ⁇ between the circular disk and the direction of travel have particular advantages: 120° ⁇ 180°, preferably 150° ⁇ 180°, particularly preferably 160° ⁇ 180°, particularly preferably 165° ⁇ ß ⁇ 175°.
- Show it 1 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a soil cultivation device according to the invention with a tractor;
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 5A in a schematic representation a side view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 5B in a schematic representation a plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 5A;
- FIG. 5B in a schematic representation a plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 5A;
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a
- Soil cultivation device for mechanical weed control in rows of crop plants 1 with a tractor 14.
- the soil cultivation device has a frame 3 that can be fastened to the tractor 14 for moving along a direction of travel F, the frame 3 only being indicated by two frame tubes. Further elements of the frame 3 are not necessary for the description of the invention and are therefore not shown in the figure.
- Six machining units 2 are arranged on the frame 3 .
- the soil tillage implement has six identical tillage units 2 .
- the tillage takes place within a row of crops 1 in the area between the individual crops 1.
- the tillage implement according to the present invention can optionally be equipped with further means and tools, through which tillage can also be carried out in the alley between two Rows of crops is possible. In this case, weed control between the rows of crops and within the rows of crops can be carried out at the same time.
- Each of the processing units 2 has a tool carrier unit 4 with a plurality of soil processing tools 7 arranged on the tool carrier unit 4 .
- the tool carrier units 4 are each a belt drive with an endlessly circulating drive belt 5 and two deflection rollers 6.1, 6.2.
- the plurality of soil tillage tools 7 is arranged on the drive belt 5 at a constant distance from one another.
- the tillage tools 7 are cultivators.
- the soil tillage implement has a drive means 8 for driving the tape drives.
- the drive of the belt drives 4 causes a movement of the individual drive belts 5, as a result of which the tillage tools 7 are moved on an endlessly revolving path.
- the drive means 8 is set up and designed in such a way that the drive belts 5 can be moved at a speed which is matched to the speed of the tractor 14 in the direction of travel F in such a way that the soil tillage tools 7, during their endlessly circulating movement, only enter areas between two consecutive crop plants 1 the series of crops 1 intervene.
- the drive means 8 shown in FIG. 1 for driving the tool carrier unit 4 is a drive belt drive arranged on the frame 3 fastened to the tractor 14 .
- the drive belt drive 8 is in contact with the ground over a partial peripheral area and is moved by friction with the ground. In a first approximation, the drive belt drive 8 moves at a peripheral speed that corresponds to the speed of the tractor 14 .
- the movement of the drive belt drive 8 is transmitted to the plurality of deflection rollers 6.1 via any transmission or coupling means 10 known to those skilled in the art.
- each of the machining units 2 has a deflection means 11.2 for deflecting the tool carrier unit 4. Of these deflection means, only one deflection means 11.2 is shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity.
- all processing units 2 have such a deflection means 11.2.
- It is a hydraulic actuating means that is equipped with an electric drive (not shown) that can be controlled by means of a control device (computer unit).
- This electrical drive causes the actuating means to move, causing a partial area of the tape drive 4 to be deflected in a direction A transverse to the direction of travel F.
- the deflection roller 6.1 is fixed, while the deflection roller 6.2 is pivotable.
- one of the tape drives 4 is shown in broken lines in its original position. The tape drive is pivoted into the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 1 by the hydraulic actuating means 11.2.
- three of the tape drives 4 are pivoted in a direction A transverse to the direction of travel F and three of the tape drives 4 are pivoted in the opposite direction -A transverse to the direction of travel F by the hydraulic actuating means 11.2.
- FIG. 1 shows a further hydraulic adjusting means 11.1, a movement of the tape drive in the direction of travel F being able to be brought about by this hydraulic adjusting means 11.1.
- the tillage tools 7 can be positioned relative to the crops, ie in a space between two crops in a row, before the start of tillage.
- the soil tillage implement also has a camera and a computer unit, the computer unit being designed and set up for processing the image information recorded by the camera. These elements are not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- the machining unit has two tool carrier units, namely the two tape drives 4.1, 4.2.
- each row of crops 1 to be processed is arranged between the two belt drives 4.1, 4.2.
- Each of the two tape drives 4.1, 4.2 is assigned a deflection means for deflecting the respective drive tape, namely a crowning plate 9.B.
- the two crowning plates 9.B cause the two circulating drive belts 5.1, 5.2 to deflect in an opposite direction A, -A transverse to the direction of travel F.
- the soil tillage tools 7 thus grip in a kind of zip-and-lock process from the opposite direction A, -A into the space between two plants in a row of plants.
- the tillage tools 7, which are attached to the drive belts 5.1, 5.2 are brought up to the ground from above and then engage in it. Subsequently, the tillage tools 7 are guided into engagement with the ground in the space between two crops 1 and are then raised vertically upwards in order not to damage the crop 1 that follows.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a top view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- the processing unit has a tool carrier unit, namely the belt drive 4.
- the deflection means for deflecting the circulating drive belt 5 is a means for tilting the axes of rotation D1, D.2 of the deflection rollers 6.1, 6.2.
- the conveyor belt 5 is guided in such a way that the tillage tools 7 attached to the conveyor belt 5 are brought up to the ground from above, and then into the soil in the space between two crops 1 of a row of plants engage and then be lifted upwards.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- the machining unit has a tool carrier unit 4, namely a belt drive 4.
- the deflection means for deflecting the circulating drive belt 5 is a curved track 9.K. Curved tracks are available in a wide variety of designs known to those skilled in the art.
- the tillage tools 7 attached to the drive belt 5 are guided in the cam track 9.K. Only a section of the cam track 9.K is indicated schematically in FIG.
- the deflection roller connecting means (not shown) can remain aligned in its position parallel to the row of plants. In principle, however, an additional pivoting of the deflection roller connection means and thus of the entire tape drive transversely to the direction of travel is also possible.
- the intervention of the tillage tools 7 in the area between the crops 1 of a row of plants is made possible by the targeted deflection of the drive belt.
- the carriage belt 5 is deflected in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, ie transverse to the row of plants, but also in a direction vertically downwards or upwards.
- the tillage tools 7 are first brought up to the ground from above and then engage in it. Subsequently, the tillage tools 7 are guided through the space between two crops 1 in engagement with the ground and then lifted vertically upwards.
- FIG. 5A shows a schematic representation of a side view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- FIG. 5B shows the same embodiment in plan view.
- the machining unit has a tool carrier unit, namely the circular disc 4.K (shown transparently in FIG. 5A).
- the deflection means for deflecting the circular disc 4.K is a hydraulic actuating means (not shown).
- the circular disc is deflected transversely to the direction of travel in such a way that it projects beyond the row of plants to be processed.
- a plurality of tillage tools 7 is attached to the circular disk 4.K.
- a drive means for driving the circular disk 4.K (not shown)
- the circular disk is rotated at the start of processing in such a way that the angle between tool direction and direction of travel is 160°.
- the angle between the direction of travel and the tool direction always corresponds to the angle ß between the projection of the circular disc from the vertical direction onto the ground and the direction of travel.
- a circular guide disc 4.F is provided, with each of the soil tillage tools 7 being guided through a respective recess 15 provided in the circular guide disc 4.F.
- the circular disk 4.K and the guide circular disk 4.F have identical diameters.
- the centers of circular disk 4.K and guide circular disk 4.F lie in a common plane perpendicular to the base, with the radius of circular disk 4.K oriented perpendicular to the base also lying in this plane.
- the two circular discs 4.K, 4.F are arranged slightly offset from one another and overlap to a large extent in the projection in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the circular disc 4.K.
- Each of the tillage tools 7 is movably attached to the circular disk 4.K with the aid of a ball joint.
- the circular guide disk 4 . F has a number of recesses 15 corresponding to the number of soil working tools 7 . These recesses 15 are spaced identically to the spacing of the fastening points of the tillage tools 7 on the circular disk 4.K.
- Each of the tillage tools 7 fastened to the circular disk 4.K is guided through a respective recess 15 of the circular guide disk 4.F. The effect of this is that the soil cultivation tools 7 do not point radially outwards when the circular disk 4.K rotates, but are always oriented in the direction of the subsoil. This reduces the inherent speed of the tillage tools 7, since the circumference of the circular path on which the part of the tillage tools 7 that engages in the ground moves is reduced.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- the processing unit has a tool carrier unit, namely the belt drive 4.
- the deflection means for deflecting the circulating drive belt 5 is a hydraulic actuating means (not shown).
- a movement of the hydraulic actuating means is effected by, for example, an electric drive, as a result of which a deflection of at least a partial area of the tape drive 4 in a direction A transverse to the direction of travel F is effected.
- Soil cultivation tools 7 are moved in the section close to the ground of their endlessly circulating path, this is done by the rotation of the respective drive belt 5 in such a way that the soil cultivation tools 7 are moved in the tool direction W.
- the processing unit of FIG. 6 is additionally equipped with a toothed rack 16 which is attached to the processing unit in a suitable manner.
- the tillage tools 7 are each equipped with a gear. During their rotation guided by the drive belt 5, the soil tillage tools 7 engage with their gears in the toothed rack 16 and are thus set in rotary motion. As can be seen from FIG. 6, this occurs in the section in which the tillage tools 7 engage in the soil between the plants.
- the rotary movement of the tillage tools 7 uproots and turns weeds with a further increased effectiveness and efficiency.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device analogous to the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the processing unit has two tool carrier units, of which only one, namely the tape drive 4, is shown.
- each row of crops 1 to be processed is arranged between the two tape drives.
- Cup-like covers, which are fastened to the drive belt 5, are indicated by the semicircles 17.
- Tillage tools 7 would otherwise be poured onto the plants 1.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of a further embodiment of a processing unit of a soil processing device according to the invention.
- the processing unit has a tool carrier unit, namely the belt drive 4.
- the belt drive is formed by two link chains 18.1, 18.A, the inner link chain 18.1 being moved at a speed which corresponds to the speed of the tractor.
- the outer link chain 18.A is moved somewhat faster, as a result of which the tillage tools 7, as shown in FIG. 8, can be transported to a waiting position. After a corresponding command from the computer unit, the tillage tools 7 hook into the inner link chain 18.1 and carry out the tillage.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA3219165A CA3219165A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | Soil-cultivation device |
EP22727795.1A EP4297555A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
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DE102021113841.8A DE102021113841A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
DE102021113841.8 | 2021-05-28 |
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WO2022248172A1 true WO2022248172A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
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PCT/EP2022/061839 WO2022248172A1 (de) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-05-03 | Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
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EP (1) | EP4297555A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3219165A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021113841A1 (de) |
LU (1) | LU503190B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022248172A1 (de) |
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DE202023106519U1 (de) | 2023-02-08 | 2023-12-05 | Engelbert Rath, jun. | Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
Citations (12)
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DE3521785C2 (de) | 1985-06-19 | 1992-04-23 | Rabewerk Gmbh + Co, 4515 Bad Essen, De | |
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EP0426960B1 (de) | 1989-11-04 | 1992-12-30 | Rabewerk GmbH + Co. | Hackvorrichtung für ein Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
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EP3387890A1 (de) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-17 | Horsch Maschinen GmbH | Reiheneinheit zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung, landwirtschaftliche maschine mit wenigstens zwei derartigen reiheneinheiten sowie verfahren zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung |
EP3610712A1 (de) | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-19 | Reinhold Schulte | Landwirtschaftliche querbearbeitungseinrichtung |
AT522163A4 (de) | 2019-08-29 | 2020-09-15 | Ing Juergen Schoels | Reihen-Hackmaschine |
EP3977837A1 (de) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-06 | HORSCH LEEB Application Systems GmbH | Bodenbearbeitungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur bodenbearbeitung in einer reihe einer reihenkultur und landwirtschaftliche bodenbearbeitungsmaschine |
-
2021
- 2021-05-28 DE DE102021113841.8A patent/DE102021113841A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-03 WO PCT/EP2022/061839 patent/WO2022248172A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-05-03 EP EP22727795.1A patent/EP4297555A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-03 CA CA3219165A patent/CA3219165A1/en active Pending
- 2022-05-03 LU LU503190A patent/LU503190B1/de active IP Right Grant
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DE3521785C2 (de) | 1985-06-19 | 1992-04-23 | Rabewerk Gmbh + Co, 4515 Bad Essen, De | |
EP0426960B1 (de) | 1989-11-04 | 1992-12-30 | Rabewerk GmbH + Co. | Hackvorrichtung für ein Bodenbearbeitungsgerät |
US5168936A (en) | 1991-10-01 | 1992-12-08 | Deere & Company | Trailing harrow rotatable to an up-side-down storage position |
DE4135414A1 (de) | 1991-10-26 | 1993-04-29 | Bareiss Manfred Dipl Ing Fh | Maschine zum hacken, zur pflanzenpflege und zur unkrautbekaempfung |
DE19723505C2 (de) | 1996-06-28 | 2000-05-04 | Hartmut Woellner | Verfahren und Bodenbearbeitungsgerät zur Bekämpfung von Wildkräutern |
EP0916243A1 (de) * | 1997-11-13 | 1999-05-19 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer GmbH & Co. KG | Bearbeitungseinrichtung zur gezielten Bearbeitung quer zur Reihe |
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WO2008135867A2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2008-11-13 | University Of Copenhagen | Precision weeders |
EP3387890A1 (de) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-17 | Horsch Maschinen GmbH | Reiheneinheit zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung, landwirtschaftliche maschine mit wenigstens zwei derartigen reiheneinheiten sowie verfahren zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung |
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EP3610712A1 (de) | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-19 | Reinhold Schulte | Landwirtschaftliche querbearbeitungseinrichtung |
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EP3977837A1 (de) * | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-06 | HORSCH LEEB Application Systems GmbH | Bodenbearbeitungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur bodenbearbeitung in einer reihe einer reihenkultur und landwirtschaftliche bodenbearbeitungsmaschine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4297555A1 (de) | 2024-01-03 |
LU503190A1 (de) | 2022-12-20 |
CA3219165A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
DE102021113841A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
LU503190B1 (de) | 2023-04-17 |
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