WO2022247759A1 - 吡啶酮衍生物的中间体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

吡啶酮衍生物的中间体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022247759A1
WO2022247759A1 PCT/CN2022/094297 CN2022094297W WO2022247759A1 WO 2022247759 A1 WO2022247759 A1 WO 2022247759A1 CN 2022094297 W CN2022094297 W CN 2022094297W WO 2022247759 A1 WO2022247759 A1 WO 2022247759A1
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compound formula
formula
reaction
compound
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何党军
谢美畴
严守升
蔡鸿飞
陈菁菁
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江西彩石医药科技有限公司
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/53Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/55Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
    • A61P31/14Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/16Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/22Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed systems contains four or more hetero rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04Ortho-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/12Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D498/14Ortho-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/12Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D498/20Spiro-condensed systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/22Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of chemical drug synthesis, and relates to an intermediate of a cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor pyridone derivative and a preparation method thereof.
  • the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor pyridone derivative is a drug independently researched and developed by the company for anti-influenza virus.
  • CN110637016A discloses the pyridone derivative and its synthesis method. The synthesis route is as follows:
  • This method has a long reaction cycle; expensive reagents and high cost; low yield; 10g and 2a react in a closed reaction at 100°C in an ethyl acetate solution of T 3 P, which has potential safety hazards, and the resulting product has low purity and is separated by a chiral column. It is not suitable for industrial scale production; tin tetrachloride reaction occurs in the preparation of 10f to produce hydrogen chloride gas, and it is easy to corrode equipment after absorbing water; it is large to environmental pollution; when de-hydroxyl protecting group is debenzylation (10h to II-6 step) , prone to many problems such as low yield of reversible reaction.
  • the present invention provides a new intermediate of pyridone derivatives and a preparation method thereof.
  • the new intermediate can efficiently prepare pyridone derivatives.
  • the method has short reaction cycle, low cost, high yield and high product purity. High, suitable for industrial scale production, easy to operate, green and environmentally friendly, and high in safety.
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of compound formula F, it comprises the steps:
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to;
  • n is an integer of 1-9.
  • n in the preparation method of the compound formula F, n can be 4, 5 or 6, such as 5.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula F, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • the alkoxide in the preparation method of the compound formula F, may be a conventional alkoxide in the art.
  • the alkoxide may be sodium alkoxide and/or potassium alkoxide, such as sodium tert-amylate, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-amylate.
  • the alkoxide is preferably added in solid form.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula E to the alkoxide may be 1:0.1-10; preferably 1:3-6, more preferably 1 :4-5.
  • the fatty alcohol in the preparation method of the compound formula F, can be a conventional fatty alcohol in the art.
  • the fatty alcohol can be C2-10 fatty alcohol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, preferably n-hexanol.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula E and the fatty alcohol can be 1:1-15, preferably 1:7-11 , more preferably 1:8-10.
  • the substitution reaction is performed in an organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent may be selected from one or more of epoxy solvents, halogenated alkane solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents and ester solvents.
  • the epoxy solvent may be THF.
  • the halogenated alkane solvent may be a chlorinated alkane solvent, such as dichloromethane.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent may be toluene.
  • the ester solvent may be ethyl acetate.
  • the organic solvent can also be one or more combinations of THF, dichloromethane, toluene and ethyl acetate.
  • the organic solvent is more preferably an epoxy solvent, such as THF.
  • the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction may be lower than 50°C, for example -10-10°C or below 0°C.
  • the reaction time of the reaction is based on the fact that the conversion rate of the compound formula e is greater than or equal to 97%.
  • the conversion rate of the compound formula e can be detected by conventional detection, such as HPLC.
  • the reaction material in the preparation method of the compound formula F is composed of the following substances: the compound formula E, the fatty alcohol and the alkoxide, or the organic solvent, the compound Formula E, the fatty alcohol and the alkoxide.
  • reaction material in the present invention refers to the material for synthesizing the compound, excluding the material in the post-treatment step, and the reaction material is all substances added to the reaction.
  • the compound formula F in the preparation method of the compound formula F, can be
  • the compound formula E in the preparation method of the compound formula F, the compound formula E can be
  • the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the compound formula E and the fatty alcohol (such as n-hexanol) in the organic solvent and adding The alkoxide reacts with stirring at a temperature lower than 50°C (such as -10-10°C, preferably -10-0°C or below 0°C), and may optionally include a post-treatment step.
  • a temperature lower than 50°C such as -10-10°C, preferably -10-0°C or below 0°C
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula E, which comprises the following steps: in a solvent, in the presence of a base, (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide With compound formula D, the amidation reaction shown in the following formula occurs to generate compound formula E:
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to; Y is halogen.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula E, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • the halogen in the preparation method of the compound formula E, can be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, such as chlorine or bromine.
  • the The ((S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide) may be (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl chloride or (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl bromide.
  • the base in the preparation method of the compound formula E, can be an organic base; it can also be a nitrogen-containing organic base, such as DIEA (N,N-diisopropylethylamine) and/or or triethylamine.
  • DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • triethylamine N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula D to the base may be 1:1-5, such as 1:2.
  • the solvent in the preparation method of the compound formula E, can be a conventional solvent in the art.
  • the solvent is preferably an organic solvent; the solvent may be selected from one or more of epoxy solvents, halogenated alkanes solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents and ester solvents.
  • the epoxy solvent can be THF or 1,4-dioxane.
  • the halogenated alkane solvent may be a chlorinated alkane solvent, such as methylene chloride or 1,2-dichloroethane.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent may be toluene.
  • the ester solvent may be ethyl acetate.
  • the solvent can also be DCM (dichloromethane), toluene, THF, ethyl acetate, 1,2-dichloroethane or 1,4-dioxane.
  • the reaction temperature of the reaction is -20-50°C, preferably -10-10°C or below 0°C.
  • the reaction time of the reaction is generally based on the complete reaction of the compound formula D.
  • the reaction time of the reaction may be 0.1-6h, such as 0.3-5h, preferably 0.5-3h.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula D to (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide is 1:1.0-3.0, preferably 1:1.2-2.0.
  • the preparation method in the compound formula E comprises the following steps: the compound formula D is dissolved in a solvent, the base is added, and the (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide is added The reaction generates compound formula E.
  • the reaction material of the preparation method of the compound formula E is composed of the following substances: the base, the solvent, the (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide And said compound formula D forms.
  • the compound formula E in the preparation method of the compound formula E, can be
  • the compound formula D in the preparation method of the compound formula E, the compound formula D can be
  • the preparation method of the compound formula E further includes a post-processing step.
  • the post-treatment step may include the following steps: quenching, extraction, concentration, and recrystallization.
  • the solvent for the recrystallization is selected from one or more of ester solvents, alcohol solvents and ether solvents.
  • the alcoholic solvent is preferably EtOH.
  • the ether solvent is preferably MTBE (tert-butyl methyl ether).
  • the solvent for the recrystallization can be alcohol solvent and ether solvent, such as EtOH and MTBE.
  • the volume ratio of the alcohol solvent to the ether solvent may be 0.1-10:10, more preferably 1-5:10.
  • the (S)-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid It can be prepared by the following steps: (S)-tetrahydrofuran formic acid and acylating reagent for acylation reaction.
  • the acylating reagent in the acylation reaction, can be a conventional acylating reagent in the art, such as oxalyl chloride, oxalyl bromide or thionyl chloride.
  • the molar ratio of the acylating agent to the (S)-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid can be (0.9-6):1, for example (1-3):1 .
  • the acylation reaction is carried out in a solvent.
  • the solvent can be a conventional solvent for this type of reaction, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, such as toluene.
  • the acylation reaction further includes adding a catalyst.
  • the catalyst can be DMF.
  • the mass volume ratio of the (S)-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid to the catalyst may be 5-100 g/mL, such as 10-30 g/mL.
  • the reaction material of the acylation reaction consists of the following substances: (S)-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid, the solvent, the acylating reagent and a catalyst.
  • the reaction temperature of the acylation reaction may be -20-30°C, for example, 0-10°C.
  • the acylation reaction time may be 0.1-6h, for example, 1-3h.
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of compound formula F, it comprises the steps:
  • Resolving agent (S)-tetrahydrofuran formic acid is acylated and then reacted with compound D to generate compound formula E:
  • R 2 , R 3 , and n are as described above;
  • Y represents halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine.
  • R 2 and R 3 form a three-membered carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to, and n is 5, namely:
  • the reagent used for the acylation is preferably oxalyl chloride, oxalyl bromide or thionyl chloride;
  • the reaction time of the reaction is generally based on the complete reaction of the compound formula D.
  • the reaction time of the reaction can be 0.1-6h, such as 0.3-5h, preferably 0.5-3h;
  • the ((S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide) is preferably (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl chloride or (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl bromide;
  • step (1) the reaction is carried out in an organic solvent in the presence of an organic base;
  • the organic base is preferably DIEA (N,N-diisopropylethylamine), triethylamine; and/or
  • the organic solvent is preferably DCM (dichloromethane), toluene, THF, ethyl acetate, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dioxane; preferably, compound formula D and organic base
  • the molar ratio is 1:1-5, more preferably 1:2;
  • the reaction temperature is -20-50°C, preferably -10-10°C or below 0°C;
  • step (1) the molar ratio of compound formula D to (S)-tetrahydrofurancarboxylic acid is 1:1.0-3.0, preferably 1:1.2-2.0;
  • a recrystallization step is also included, and the recrystallization solvent is at least one of ester solvents, alcohol solvents, and ether solvents, preferably EtOH and MTBE, and the volume ratio of the two is preferably 0.1-10 :10, more preferably 1-5:10.
  • step (1) the steps are: dissolve the compound formula D and the organic base in an organic solvent, and cool; add (S)-tetrahydrofuroyl halide dissolved in the organic solvent, ⁇ 10°C or below 0°C) stirring reaction;
  • the alkoxide is preferably sodium alkoxide, potassium alkoxide, more preferably sodium tert-amylate, sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-amylate.
  • step (2) preferably the alkoxide is added in solid form
  • the fatty alcohol is a C2-10 fatty alcohol, which can be ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, preferably n-hexanol;
  • step (2) the molar ratio of compound formula E and fatty alcohol (such as n-hexanol) is 1:1-15, preferably 1:8-10;
  • step (2) the molar ratio of compound formula E and alkoxide is 1:0.1-10; preferably 1:3-6 or 1:4-5;
  • step (2) react in an organic solvent, the organic solvent is preferably THF, dichloromethane, toluene, ethyl acetate;
  • the preparation method includes the following steps: dissolving the compound formula E and fatty alcohol (such as n-hexanol) in an organic solvent and adding an alkoxide; ⁇ 10°C or below 0°C), the reaction is stirred, optionally including a work-up step.
  • fatty alcohol such as n-hexanol
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula H, which includes the following steps: in a solvent, in the presence of methanesulfonic anhydride and a condensing agent, compound formula F and compound formula G undergo a condensation reaction to generate compound formula H;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to;
  • n is an integer of 1-9.
  • n in the preparation method of the compound formula H, n can be 4, 5 or 6, such as 5.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula H, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • the condensing agent in the preparation method of the compound formula H, can be a conventional condensing agent in the art, such as phosphoric anhydride, and also such as T 3 P (propyl phosphoric anhydride).
  • the T 3 P can be pure T 3 P or an organic solution of T 3 P.
  • the organic solution of T 3 P is preferably an ethyl acetate solution of T 3 P or a DMF solution of T 3 P, wherein the mass concentration of T 3 P is preferably 50%.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula F to the condensing agent may be 1:1-3.
  • the reaction time of the condensation reaction is generally based on the completion of the reaction of the compound formula F, which can be 2 to 24 hours, preferably 2 to 12 hours, more preferably 4 ⁇ 10h.
  • the condensation reaction temperature may be a conventional reaction temperature in the art.
  • the condensation reaction temperature can also be 40-90°C, for example, 50-80°C.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula F to the compound formula G may be 1:1-3; for example, 1:1.1-2.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula F to the methanesulfonic anhydride may be 1:1-5, such as 1:1-3.
  • the solvent in the preparation method of the compound formula H, can be a conventional solvent in the art.
  • the solvent may be an organic solvent.
  • the organic solvent may be selected from one or more of epoxy solvents, amide solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents and ester solvents.
  • the epoxy-based solvent may be a furan-based solvent, such as THF.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent may be toluene.
  • the ester solvent may be ethyl acetate.
  • the amide solvent can be DMA or DMF.
  • the solvent may also be selected from one or more of esters, furans, toluene, DMA and DMF, such as ethyl acetate.
  • the reaction material in the preparation method of the compound formula H consists of the following substances: the solvent, methanesulfonic anhydride, the condensing agent, the compound formula F and the compound formula G.
  • the compound formula F in the preparation method of the compound formula H, the compound formula F can be
  • the compound formula H in the preparation method of the compound formula H, can be
  • the preparation method of the compound formula H further includes a post-processing step, for example, including recrystallization (such as recrystallization using a mixed solvent of a ketone solvent and an alcohol solvent).
  • the ketone solvent can be acetone, butanone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.
  • the alcohol solvent can be methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, octane alcohol, cyclohexanol, sec-butanol, etc.
  • the steps of the preparation method of the compound formula H are: dissolving the compound formula F, the compound formula G and the condensing agent (such as T3P) in the organic solvent, heating up to 40-90°C, add methanesulfonic anhydride, react at 50-80°C, optionally include a post-processing step.
  • the condensing agent such as T3P
  • the preparation method of the compound formula H also includes: the compound formula E and the fatty alcohol undergo a substitution reaction as shown in the following formula in the presence of an alkoxide to generate the compound formula F:
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to;
  • n is an integer of 1-9; preferably, the reaction conditions and steps of the substitution reaction are as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula H, comprising the steps of:
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbocycle, preferably a C 3-4 carbocycle, more preferably a three-membered carbocycle; n is an integer of 1-9, preferably 4, 5 or 6, more preferably 5.
  • R 2 and R 3 form a three-membered carbocyclic ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to, and n is 5, that is, compound formula f and compound formula G undergo a condensation reaction to generate compound formula h, preferably in the presence of T 3 P and methanesulfonic anhydride The following condensation reaction occurs:
  • reaction time is 2-24h, preferably 2-12h, more preferably 4-10h;
  • reaction temperature is 40-90°C, preferably 50-80°C;
  • the molar ratio of compound formula F to compound formula G is 1:1-3, preferably 1:1.1-2;
  • the molar ratio of compound formula F to methanesulfonic anhydride is 1:1-5, preferably 1:1-3;
  • a condensation reaction occurs in an organic solvent under the conditions of adding T 3 P and methanesulfonic anhydride
  • the organic solvent is preferably one of esters (such as ethyl acetate), furans, toluene, DMA, DMF or various;
  • the molar ratio of compound formula F to T 3 P can be 1:1-3, for example 1:1-2;
  • the T3P can be pure T3P or an organic solution of T3P, and the organic solution of T3P is preferably an ethyl acetate solution of T3P or a DMF solution of T3P, wherein the mass concentration of T3P is preferably 50%.
  • it further includes a post-processing step, including performing recrystallization (such as using ketones and alcohol solvents for recrystallization);
  • the step is: dissolve compound formula F, compound formula G and T 3 P in an organic solvent, heat up to 40-90°C, add methanesulfonic anhydride, and react at 50-80°C, optionally including processing steps;
  • the compound formula F or formula f is prepared by the method described above.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula III, which includes the following steps: compound formula E undergoes (d) substitution reaction, (e) condensation reaction, (f) dehydroxylation reaction and (g) ether as shown in the following formula Compound reaction is prepared to obtain compound formula III;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected together;
  • Y is halogen;
  • the halogen in the preparation method of the compound formula III is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, such as chlorine or bromine.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula III, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • n in the preparation method of the compound formula III, n can be 4, 5 or 6, such as 5.
  • reaction conditions and steps of (d) the reaction conditions of the substitution reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (e) condensation reaction reaction conditions are as described above.
  • the (f) dehydroxyl protecting group reaction comprises the following steps: dehydroxyl protecting group reaction of compound formula H in the presence of lithium salt or magnesium salt to obtain compound formula II:
  • the lithium salt is preferably LiCl;
  • the magnesium salt is preferably MgCl 2 ;
  • reaction temperature of the (f) dehydroxyl protecting group reaction is 95-120°C.
  • the (g) etherification reaction comprises the following steps: the compound formula II, chloromethyl methyl carbonate, potassium carbonate and potassium iodide are heated and reacted in an organic solvent (preferably DMA) to generate the compound formula III; optionally including post-processing step; wherein, the heating is preferably 40-60°C, more preferably 45-55°C; and/or, the reaction time is preferably 4-12h, more preferably 4-10h.
  • an organic solvent preferably DMA
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of compound formula C, it comprises the steps:
  • compound formula A and compound formula B undergo a condensation reaction as shown in the following formula in the presence of a condensing agent to generate compound formula C;
  • the condensing agent is silyl sulfonate;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to together.
  • the condensing agent is TMSOTf.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula C, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • the solvent in the preparation method of the compound formula C, can be a conventional solvent in the art, and the solvent can be an epoxy solvent, such as THF.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula A to the compound formula B may be 1:1-5, such as 1:1-1.5 or 1:1.3 -3.
  • the reaction temperature of the condensation reaction can be a conventional reaction temperature in the art, for example, controlled below -15°C, preferably below -25°C.
  • the preparation method of the compound formula C comprises the following steps: dissolving the compound A and the compound B in THF, adding the condensing agent (preferably TMSOTf) at a temperature controlled below -15°C ), a stirred reaction, optionally including a workup step.
  • the condensing agent preferably TMSOTf
  • the compound formula C in the preparation method of the compound formula C, the compound formula C may be
  • the compound formula B in the preparation method of the compound formula C, the compound formula B can be
  • the reaction material in the preparation method of the compound formula C is composed of the following substances: the solvent, the condensing agent, the compound formula B and the Said compound formula A.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula D, which includes the following steps: in a solvent, in the presence of a base and a catalyst, compound formula C undergoes a ring-closing reaction as shown in the following formula to generate compound formula D:
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to together.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula D, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • the solvent in the preparation method of the compound formula D, can be a conventional solvent in the art.
  • the solvent may be an organic solvent.
  • the solvent may be selected from one or more of halogenated alkanes solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, epoxy solvents and ether solvents.
  • the ether solvent may be methyl tert-butyl ether or isopropyl ether.
  • the epoxy solvent may be THF.
  • the halogenated alkane solvent may be dichloromethane.
  • the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent may be toluene.
  • the solvent can also be selected from one or more of THF, halogenated alkanes (such as DCM), ethers (such as methyl tert-butyl ether) and toluene.
  • the base in the preparation method of the compound formula D, may be an organic base, or a nitrogen-containing organic base, such as morpholine.
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula C to the base can be 1:1-20, for example 1:5-10, also for example 1:10 .
  • the catalyst in the preparation method of the compound formula D, can be a palladium catalyst, preferably a palladium-carbon catalyst, such as Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 .
  • the molar ratio of the compound formula C to the catalyst can be 1:0.001-0.5, for example 1:0.001-0.03, also for example 1:0.001 -0.005.
  • the reaction material of the preparation method of the compound formula D consists of the following substances: the solvent, the base, the catalyst and the compound formula C.
  • the compound formula D in the preparation method of the compound formula D, can be
  • the compound formula C in the preparation method of the compound formula D, the compound formula C can be
  • the preparation method of the compound formula D further includes a post-processing step, such as crystallization using an ether solvent.
  • the ether solvent may be MTBE, isopropyl ether, diethyl ether, THF, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and the like.
  • the preparation method of the compound formula D also includes: in a solvent, the compound formula A and the compound formula B undergo a condensation reaction as shown in the following formula in the presence of a condensing agent to generate the compound formula C;
  • the condensation agent is a silane condensation agent;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to together.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the condensation reaction are as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula D, comprising the steps of:
  • R 2 and R 3 are the same as above.
  • R 2 and R 3 form a three-membered carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to, namely:
  • the reaction solvent is preferably THF
  • the reaction temperature is controlled below -15°C; preferably below -25°C;
  • step (1) the molar ratio of compound formula A to compound formula B is 1:1-5, preferably 1:1-1.5 or 1:1.3-3;
  • the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • Dissolve compound A and compound B in THF add a condensing agent (preferably TMSOTf) at a temperature controlled below -15°C, and stir for reaction, optionally including a post-treatment step.
  • a condensing agent preferably TMSOTf
  • the ether solvent is MTBE or isopropyl ether
  • step (2) the ring-closing reaction occurs in the presence of morpholine, a catalyst and an organic solvent;
  • the catalyst is preferably a palladium-carbon catalyst, such as Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ; and/or, Compound A and
  • the molar ratio of morpholine can be 1:1-40, preferably 1:1-20, more preferably 1:10;
  • the molar ratio of compound A and palladium carbon catalyst is preferably 1:0.001-0.5, for example, 1: 0.001-0.03, more preferably 1:0.001-0.005;
  • the organic solvent is preferably one or more of THF, halogenated alkanes (such as DCM), ethers (such as methyl tert-butyl ether), and toluene;
  • step (2) a post-processing step is further included, including crystallization using an ether solvent;
  • step (2) the compound formula C is dissolved in an organic solvent, and morpholine and Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 are added, and the reaction is stirred; post-processing steps may be included, including crystallization using an ether solvent .
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula A, comprising the steps of:
  • Compound formula 1a reacts with methylating reagent to generate compound formula 1b through esterification reaction, and then reacts with Boc hydrazine to remove
  • the methylating reagent is dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl iodide
  • reaction temperature is 10-30°C
  • reaction time is 3-7h
  • reaction solvent is DMA
  • the molar ratio of compound 1a to the methylating agent is 1:1-5, preferably 1:1.3;
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of compound formula II or formula III, wherein the preparation of formula II comprises step (1), the preparation of formula III comprises steps (1), (2):
  • R 2 , R 3 , and n are as described above, and R 5 is a group forming a prodrug.
  • step (1) compound formula H and lithium salt or magnesium salt are heated and reacted in an organic solvent (preferably DMA) to obtain formula II, which may optionally include a post-processing step;
  • organic solvent preferably DMA
  • the lithium salt is preferably LiCl;
  • the magnesium salt is preferably MgCl 2 ;
  • step (1) the temperature of the reaction is 95-120°C;
  • step (2) the compound formula II, chloromethyl methyl carbonate, potassium carbonate and potassium iodide are heated and reacted in an organic solvent (preferably DMA) to generate formula III; optionally including post-processing steps ; Among them, the heating is preferably to 40-60°C, more preferably 45-55°C; and/or, the reaction is 4-12h (preferably 4-10h);
  • the preparation method of compound formula II or formula III also includes: the preparation method of compound formula F/f (formula F or formula f) described in any of the above, the compound formula H/f described in any of the above In the preparation method of h (formula H or formula h), the preparation method of the compound formula D/d (formula D or formula d) described in any of the above or the preparation method of the compound formula A described in any of the above Either method or any combination;
  • the preparation method of compound formula II or compound formula III wherein the preparation method of compound formula II includes (1)-(4) steps, and the preparation method of compound formula III includes (1)-(5) steps:
  • Compound formula A and compound formula B undergo a condensation reaction to generate compound formula C in the presence of a condensing agent, and the preferred condensing agent is TMSOTf;
  • Compound formula C undergoes a ring-closing reaction to generate compound formula D.
  • crystallization is performed using an ether solvent;
  • Compound formula F and compound formula G undergo a condensation reaction to generate compound formula H, preferably in the presence of T 3 P and methanesulfonic anhydride;
  • the compound formula III is generated after the etherification reaction of the compound formula II;
  • R 2 , R 3 , n are the same as above, R 5 is the same as above;
  • the preparation method of compound formula A is as described in any one of the above, the preparation method of compound formula D is as described in any of the above, and the compound formula F
  • the preparation method of compound formula H is as described in any of the above, and the preparation method of compound formula H is as described in any of the above;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a three-membered carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected to, n is 5, compound formula II is the following compound formula 2, and compound formula III is the following formula 3
  • the preparation method of compound formula 2 includes (1)-(4) steps (i.e. formula A-formula 2), and the preparation method of compound formula 3 includes (1)-(5) (i.e. formula A-formula 3) steps:
  • the compound formula A is prepared by any one of the above methods.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula III, which includes the following steps: compound formula A undergoes (a) condensation reaction, (b) cyclization reaction, (c) amidation reaction, (d) substitution reaction as shown in the following formula , (e) condensation reaction, (f) dehydroxylation reaction and (g) etherification reaction to prepare compound formula III;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected together;
  • Y is halogen;
  • the halogen in the preparation method of the compound formula III is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, such as chlorine or bromine.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula III, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • n in the preparation method of the compound formula III, n can be 4, 5 or 6, such as 5.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (a) condensation reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (b) cyclization reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (c) amidation reaction reaction conditions are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (d) substitution reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (e) condensation reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (f) dehydroxylation protecting group reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (g) etherification reaction are as described above.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of compound formula H, which includes the following steps: compound formula A undergoes (a) condensation reaction, (b) cyclization reaction, (c) amidation reaction, (d) substitution reaction as shown in the following formula and (e) condensation reaction to prepare compound formula H;
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbon ring together with the carbon atoms they are connected together;
  • Y is halogen;
  • the halogen in the preparation method of the compound formula H is fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, such as chlorine or bromine.
  • the C 3-8 carbocycle in the preparation method of the compound formula H, can be a C 3-4 carbocycle, such as a three-membered carbocycle.
  • n in the preparation method of the compound formula H, n can be 4, 5 or 6, such as 5.
  • reaction conditions and steps of (a) condensation reaction conditions are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of (b) the reaction conditions of the cyclization reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (c) amidation reaction reaction conditions are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of (d) the reaction conditions of the substitution reaction are as described above.
  • reaction conditions and steps of the (e) condensation reaction reaction conditions are as described above.
  • the present invention provides compound formula I,
  • R 1 is selected from H
  • R 2 and R 3 form a C 3-8 carbocycle, preferably a C 3-4 carbocycle, more preferably a three-membered carbocycle;
  • R 4 is halogen, preferably F
  • n is an integer of 1-9, preferably 4, 5 or 6, more preferably 5;
  • X is S or O, preferably S.
  • compound formula I is selected from:
  • R 2 , R 3 , and n are the same as above;
  • Compound formula F is preferably
  • the compound formula H is preferably
  • the present invention also provides compound formula E:
  • R 2 and R 3 are the same as above;
  • the present invention also provides compound formula C:
  • R 2 and R 3 are the same as above;
  • the present invention also provides compound formula C, compound formula E, compound formula F, compound formula H, compound formula H-a, compound formula H-b, compound formula c, compound formula e, compound formula f or compound formula h for preparing cap-dependent nucleic acid
  • endonuclease inhibitor pyridone derivatives preferably compound formula II, compound formula III, compound formula 2 or compound formula 3 or analogues thereof.
  • the present invention also provides preparation of pyridone derivatives through compound formula C, compound formula E, compound formula F, compound formula H, compound formula c, compound formula e, compound formula f or compound formula h (preferably compound formula II, compound formula III , compound formula 2 or compound formula 3) or the method of analog thereof.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing pyridone derivatives (preferably compound formula II, compound formula III, compound formula 2 or compound formula 3) or analogs thereof, including compound formula F/f (formula F Or the preparation method of formula f), the preparation method of compound formula H/h (formula H or formula h) described in any of the above or the compound formula D/d (formula D or formula d) described in any of the above Any method or any combination of the preparation methods.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula II/2 (formula II or formula 2) and/or formula III/3 (formula III or formula 3) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier/adjuvant, wherein the
  • the compound of formula II/2 (formula II or formula 2) or formula III/3 (formula III or formula 3) is prepared according to the method described above, or via compound formula C, compound formula E, compound formula F, compound formula H , compound formula c, compound formula e, compound formula f or compound formula h preparation, or its preparation method includes the preparation method of compound formula F/f (formula F or formula f) described in any of the above, any of the above Any method or any combination of the preparation method of the compound formula H/h (formula H or formula h) or the preparation method of the compound formula D/d (formula D or formula d) described in any one of the above.
  • the present invention also provides a composition, which comprises the aforementioned compound formula III, and further contains one or more compounds of the aforementioned compound formula II and/or the aforementioned compound formula H; preferably
  • the compound formula II is compound formula 2, and/or, the compound formula III is compound formula 3, and/or, the compound formula H is compound formula h; more preferably, the compound formula II
  • the content is not higher than 0.50% and/or the content of the compound formula H is not higher than 0.10%, and/or, the compound of the formula III is prepared according to any one of the above methods, and/or, the compound of the formula II is as Prepared by the method described in any one of the above, and/or, the compound formula H is prepared by the method described in any one of the above.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the aforementioned compound formula III and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and further contains the aforementioned compound formula II and/or the aforementioned compound formula H; preferably, said compound formula II is compound formula 2, and/or, said compound formula III is compound formula 3, and/or, said compound formula H is compound formula h; more preferably, said compound formula
  • the content of the compound formula II is not higher than 1.50% (for example, not higher than 1.0%, 0.5%) and/or the content of the compound formula H is not higher than 0.10% and/or, the compound of the formula III according to any of the above Item prepared by the method described above, and/or, the formula II is prepared by the method described in any of the above, and/or, the compound formula H is prepared by the method described in any of the above.
  • Compound formula III is Compound formula II is The compound formula H is The compound formula F is The compound formula D is The compound formula E is Compound formula 3 is Compound formula 2 is The compound formula h is Compound formula f is Compound formula d is Compound formula e is
  • step D/d (formula D or formula d)-E/e (formula E or formula e) of the present invention use an acylating agent such as oxalyl chloride to acylate (S)-tetrahydrofuran-formic acid, and the cost is low , environmental protection, high yield, short reaction time;
  • an acylating agent such as oxalyl chloride to acylate (S)-tetrahydrofuran-formic acid
  • the present invention uses methanesulfonic anhydride to carry out the condensation reaction, and the selectivity of the reaction is significantly improved relative to the use of methanesulfonic acid , the yield and purity are significantly improved, and the reaction conditions are mild, the safety is high, and the reaction time is short;
  • the final product prepared by the preparation method of the present invention has significantly less impurity content and high purity.
  • tin tetrachloride is used in the prior art, and hydrogen chloride gas is produced in the reaction process, which is easy to corrode equipment after absorbing water, and the operation safety is not good.
  • the present invention uses condensing agent trimethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Silicone-based silicon ester (TMSOTF), green reaction, environmental protection, high operational safety, suitable for industrial production.
  • TMSOTF condensing agent trimethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Silicone-based silicon ester
  • the present invention provides brand-new intermediate compound formula I (preferably compound formula F, compound formula H), compound formula E (preferably compound formula e), compound formula C (preferably compound formula c) and preparation method, have reaction cycle Short, low cost, high yield, high product purity, suitable for industrial scale production, easy operation, green environmental protection, high safety and other advantages.
  • the present invention provides a brand-new route for preparing compound formula III.
  • the overall process for preparing compound formula III is greatly improved. yield, simplifies the post-treatment steps in the route, shortens the reaction time, and reduces production costs.

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Abstract

本发明公开了吡啶酮衍生物的中间体及其制备方法;本发明新中间体化合物式I、化合物式E或化合物式C,可以高效制备吡啶酮衍生物;本发明制备方法具有反应周期短、成本低、收率高、产物纯度高、适合工业化规模生产、操作简便、绿色环保和安全性高等优势。

Description

吡啶酮衍生物的中间体及其制备方法
本申请要求申请日为2021年5月22日的中国专利申请2021105614565的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明属于化学药物合成技术领域,涉及帽依赖型核酸内切酶抑制剂吡啶酮衍生物的中间体及其制备方法。
背景技术
帽依赖型核酸内切酶抑制剂吡啶酮衍生物是公司自主研究开发的用于抗流感病毒的药物,CN110637016A公开了吡啶酮衍生物及其合成方法,合成路线如下所示:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000001
该方法存在反应周期长;试剂昂贵,成本高;收率低;10g与2a在T 3P的乙酸乙酯溶液中100℃密闭反应,存在安全隐患,所得产品纯度低,使用手性柱分离,不适合工业化规模生产;制备10f过程中发生四氯化锡反应产生氯化氢气体,吸水后容易腐蚀设备;对环境污染大;在去羟基保护基团即脱苄基时(10h到II-6步骤),容易发生可逆反应收率低等诸多问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供一种吡啶酮衍生物的新的中间体及其制备方法,该新中间体可以高效制备吡啶酮衍生物,该方法反应周期短、成本低、收率高、产物纯度高、适合工业化规模生产、操作简便、绿色环保、安全性高。
本发明还提供化合物式F的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生如下式所示的取代反应生成化合物式F:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000002
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
n为1-9的整数。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,n可为4、5或6,例如5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述醇盐可为本领域常规醇盐。所述醇盐可为醇钠盐和/或醇钾盐,例如叔戊醇钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔戊醇钾。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述醇盐优选以固体形式加入。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述化合物式E和所述醇盐的摩尔比可为1:0.1-10;优选为1:3-6,更优选1:4-5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述脂肪醇可为本领常规脂肪醇。所述脂肪醇可为C2-10的脂肪醇,还可为乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇,优选正己醇。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述化合物式E和所述脂肪醇(如正己醇)的摩尔比可为1:1-15,优选1:7-11,更优选1:8-10。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述取代反应在有机溶剂中反应。所述有机溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种。所述环氧类溶剂可为THF。所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为氯代烷烃类溶剂,例如二氯甲烷。所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯。所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯。所述有机溶剂还可为THF、二氯甲烷、甲苯和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种组合。所述有机溶剂更优为环氧类溶剂,例如THF。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述取代反应的反应温度可为低于50℃,例如-10~10℃或0℃以下。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述反应的反应时间以所述化合物式e的转化率大于等于97%为准。所述化合物式e转化率可采用常规检测检测,例如HPLC。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述化合物式E、所述脂肪醇和所述醇盐,或,所述有机溶剂、所述化合物式E、所述脂肪醇和所述醇盐。
本发明中“反应物料”指合成该化合物的物料,不包括后处理步骤中的物料,反应物料为添加入 反应的所有物质。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述化合物式F可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000003
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述化合物式E可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000004
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:将所述化合物式E和所述脂肪醇(如正己醇)溶于所述有机溶剂中加入所述醇盐,在低于50℃条件下(如-10~10℃,优选-10-0℃或0℃以下),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
本发明还提供化合物式E的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱存在下,将(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000005
与化合物式D发生如下式所示的酰胺化反应生成化合物式E:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000006
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述卤素可为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000007
((S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤)可为(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰氯或(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰溴。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述碱可为有机碱;还可为含氮有机碱,例如DIEA(N,N-二异丙基乙胺)和/或三乙胺。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述化合物式D与所述碱的摩尔比可为1:1-5,例如1:2。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述溶剂可为本领域常规的溶剂。所述溶剂优选为有机溶剂;所述溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种。所述环氧类溶剂可为THF或1,4-二氧六环。所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为氯代烷烃类溶剂,例如二氯甲烷或1,2-二氯乙烷。所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯。所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯。所述溶剂还可为DCM(二氯甲烷)、甲苯、THF、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或1,4-二氧六环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述反应的反应温度为-20~50℃,优选-10~10℃或0℃以下。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述反应的反应时间通常以所述化合物式D反应完全为准。所述反应的反应时间可为0.1-6h,例如0.3-5h,优选0.5-3h。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述化合物式D与(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤的摩尔比为1:1.0-3.0,优选1:1.2-2.0。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E中的制备方法包括如下步骤:所述化合物式D溶于溶剂中,加入所述碱,加所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000008
反应生成化合物式E。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法的反应物料以下物质组成:所述碱、所述溶剂、所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000009
和所述化合物式D组成。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述化合物式E可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000010
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述化合物式D可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000011
在本发明某一方案中,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000012
通过滴加的方式加入所述反应中。
在本发明某一方案中,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000013
加入反应液前,溶于所述溶剂中。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法还包括后处理步骤。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述后处理步骤可包括如下步骤:淬灭,萃取、浓缩、重结晶。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述重结晶的溶剂选自酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂和醚类溶剂中的一种或多种。所述醇类溶剂优选为EtOH。所述醚类溶剂优选为MTBE(叔丁基甲醚)。所述重结晶的溶剂可为醇类溶剂和醚类溶剂,例如EtOH和MTBE。所述醇类溶剂与醚类溶剂的体积比可为0.1-10:10,更优选1-5:10。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式E的制备方法中,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000014
的可由如下步骤制得:(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸与酰化试剂进行酰化反应。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应中,所述酰化试剂可为本领域常规酰化试剂,例如草酰氯、草酰溴或二氯亚砜。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应中,所述酰化试剂与所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸的摩尔比可为(0.9-6):1,例如(1-3):1。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应在溶剂中进行所述溶剂可为本领此类反应的常规溶剂,例如芳烃类溶剂,例如甲苯。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应还包括加入催化剂。所述催化剂可为DMF。所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸与所述催化剂的质量体积比可为5-100g/mL,例如10-30g/mL。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应的反应物料由以下物质组成:(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸、所述溶剂、所述酰化试剂和催化剂组成。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应中,所述酰化反应的反应温度可-20-30℃,例如0-10℃。
在本发明某一方案中,所述酰化反应中,所述酰化反应时间可为0.1-6h,例如1-3h。
本发明还提供化合物式F的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(1)将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物D反应生成化合物式E:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000015
(2)化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式F:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000016
其中,R 2、R 3、n如前所述;Y代表卤素,优选氯、溴。
其中优选的实施方案,
R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,即:
(1)将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物d反应生成化合物式e;
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000017
(2)化合物式e和正己醇在醇盐的存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式f
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000018
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述酰化采用的试剂优选为草酰氯、草酰溴或二氯亚砜;
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述反应的反应时间通常以所述化合物式D反应完全为准。所述反应的反 应时间可为0.1-6h,例如0.3-5h,优选0.5-3h;
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000019
((S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤)优选为(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰氯或(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰溴;
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述反应在有机碱存在下于有机溶剂中进行;所述有机碱优选为DIEA(N,N-二异丙基乙胺)、三乙胺;和/或,所述有机溶剂优选为DCM(二氯甲烷)、甲苯、THF、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,4-二氧六环;优选的,化合物式D与有机碱的摩尔比为1:1-5,更优选为1:2;
和/或,步骤(1)中,反应温度为-20~50℃,优选-10~10℃或0℃以下;
和/或,步骤(1)中,化合物式D与(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.0-3.0,优选1:1.2-2.0;
和/或,步骤(1)中,还包括重结晶步骤,重结晶溶剂为酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂、醚类溶剂中的至少一种,优选EtOH和MTBE,二者体积比优选0.1-10:10,更优选1-5:10。
和/或,步骤(1)中,步骤为:化合物式D、有机碱溶于有机溶剂,冷却;加入有机溶剂溶解的(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤,在-20~50℃(优选-10~10℃或0℃以下)搅拌反应;
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述醇盐优选为醇钠盐、醇钾盐,更优选为叔戊醇钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔戊醇钾。
和/或,步骤(2)中,优选所述醇盐以固体形式加入;
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述脂肪醇为C 2-10的脂肪醇,可为乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇,优选正己醇;
和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式E和脂肪醇(如正己醇)的摩尔比为1:1-15,优选1:8-10;
和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式E和醇盐的摩尔比为1:0.1-10;优选1:3-6或1:4-5;
和/或,步骤(2)中,在有机溶剂中反应,有机溶剂优选为THF、二氯甲烷、甲苯、乙酸乙酯;
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:将化合物式E和脂肪醇(如正己醇)溶于有机溶剂中加入醇盐,在低于50℃条件下(如-10~10℃或0℃以下),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
本发明还提供化合物式H的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在甲磺酸酐和缩合剂存在下,化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H;
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000020
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
n为1-9的整数。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,n可为4、5或6,例如5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述缩合剂可为本领域常规缩合剂,例如磷酸酐,还例如T 3P(丙基磷酸酐)。所述T 3P可为纯T 3P或T 3P的有机溶液。所述T 3P的有机溶液优选为T 3P的乙酸乙酯溶液或T 3P的DMF溶液,其中T 3P的质量浓度优选50%。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述化合物式F与所述缩合剂的摩尔比可为1:1-3。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述缩合反应的反应时间通常以所述化合物式F反应完全为准,可为2~24h,优选2~12h,更优选4~10h。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述缩合的反应温度可为本领域常规反应温度。所述缩合的反应温度还可为40~90℃,例如50~80℃。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述化合物式F与所述化合物式G的摩尔比可为1:1-3;例如1:1.1-2。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述化合物式F与所述甲磺酸酐摩尔比可为1:1-5,例如1:1-3。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述溶剂可为本领域常规的溶剂。所述溶剂可为有机溶剂。所述有机溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种。所述环氧类溶剂可为呋喃类溶剂,例如THF。所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯。所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯。所述酰胺类溶剂可为DMA或DMF。所述溶剂还可选自酯类、呋喃类、甲苯、DMA和DMF中的一种或多种,例如乙酸乙酯。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、甲磺酸酐、所述缩合剂、所述化合物式F和所述化合物式G。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述化合物式F可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000021
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述化合物式H可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000022
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法还进一步包括后处理步骤,例如包括进行重结晶(如使用酮类溶剂和醇类溶剂混合溶剂重结晶)。所述酮类溶剂可为丙酮、丁酮、甲乙酮、甲基丁酮、甲基异丁酮、环己酮等;所述醇类溶剂可为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、辛醇、环己醇、仲丁醇等。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法的步骤为:将所述化合物式F、所述化合物式G和所述缩合剂(例如T3P)溶于所述有机溶剂,升温至40~90℃,加入甲磺酸酐,50~80℃反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
所述化合物式H的制备方法还包括:化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生如下式所示的取代反应生成化合物式F:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000023
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
n为1-9的整数;较佳地,所述取代反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
本发明还提供化合物式H的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下发生缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000024
其中,
R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5。
其中优选的实施方案,
R 2、R 3与其所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,即化合物式f和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式h,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下发生缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000025
和/或,反应时间为2~24h,优选2~12h,更优选4~10h;
和/或,反应的温度为40~90℃,优选50~80℃;
和/或,化合物式F与化合物式G的摩尔比为1:1-3,优选1:1.1-2;
和/或,化合物式F与甲磺酸酐摩尔数比为1:1-5,优选1:1-3;
和/或,在加入T 3P、甲磺酸酐条件下于有机溶剂中发生缩合反应,所述有机溶剂优选为酯类(如乙酸乙酯)、呋喃类、甲苯、DMA、DMF的一种或多种;
和/或,化合物式F与T 3P的摩尔比可为1:1-3,例如1:1-2;
和/或,所述T 3P可以为纯T3P或T3P的有机溶液,所述T3P的有机溶液优选为T3P的乙酸乙酯溶液或T3P的DMF溶液,其中T3P的质量浓度优选50%。
和/或,还进一步包括后处理步骤,包括进行重结晶(如使用酮类和醇类溶剂重结晶);
和/或,所述步骤为:将化合物式F、化合物式G和T 3P溶于有机溶剂,升温至40~90℃,加入甲磺酸酐,50~80℃反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
和/或,化合物式F或式f上述方法制得。
本发明还提供化合物式III的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:化合物式E经历如下式所示的(d)取代反应、(e)缩合反应、(f)脱羟基保护基反应和(g)醚化反应制备得到化合物式III;
(d)取代反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000026
(e)缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000027
(f)脱羟基保护基反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000028
(g)醚化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000029
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
n为1-9的整数;R 5为形成前药的基团。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,n可为4、5或6,例如5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1- 4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应包括如下步骤:将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II:
所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,化合物式H和锂盐或镁盐,在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应制得式II,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,所述锂盐优选LiCl;所述镁盐优选MgCl 2
所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应的反应温度为95~120℃。
所述(g)醚化反应包括如下步骤:所述化合物式II、氯甲基甲基碳酸酯、碳酸钾和碘化钾在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应生成化合物式III;可任选地包括后处理步骤;其中,所述加热优选40~60℃,更优选为45~55℃;和/或,所述反应时间优选4~12h,更优选4~10h。
本发明还提供化合物式C的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
溶剂中,化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生如下式所示的缩合反应生成化合物式C;所述缩合剂为磺酸硅烷酯;
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000030
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中,所述缩合剂为TMSOTf。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中,所述溶剂可为本领域常规溶剂,所述溶剂可为环氧类溶剂,例如THF。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中,所述化合物式A与所述化合物式B的摩尔比可为1:1-5,例如1:1-1.5或1:1.3-3。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中,所述缩合反应的反应温度可为本领域常规反应温度,例如控制在-15℃以下,优选-25℃以下。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C的制备方法包括如下步骤:将所述化合物A和所述化合物B溶于THF中,控温在-15℃以下加入所述缩合剂(优选TMSOTf),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C制备方法中,所述化合物式C可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000031
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C制备方法中,所述化合物式B可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000032
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式C制备方法中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、所述缩合剂、所述化合物式B和所述化合物式A。
本发明还提供化合物式D的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱和催化剂存在下,化合物式C发生如下式所示的关环反应生成化合物式D:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000033
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述溶剂可为本领域常规溶剂。所述溶剂可为有机溶剂。所述溶剂可选自卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂、环氧类溶剂和醚类溶剂中的一种或多种。所述醚类溶剂可为甲基叔丁基醚或异丙醚。所述环氧类溶剂可为THF。所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为二氯甲烷。所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯。所述溶剂还可选自THF、卤代烷烃(如DCM)、醚类(如甲基叔丁基醚)和甲苯的一种或多种。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述碱可为有机碱,还可为含氮有机碱,例如吗啡啉。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述化合物式C与所述碱的摩尔比可为1:1-20,例如1:5-10,还例如1:10。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述催化剂可为钯催化剂,优选钯碳催化剂,如Pd(PPh 3) 4
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法中,所述化合物式C与所述催化剂的摩尔比可为1:0.001-0.5,例如1:0.001-0.03,还例如1:0.001-0.005。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、所述碱、所述催化剂和所述化合物式C。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D制备方法中,所述化合物式D可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000034
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D制备方法中,所述化合物式C可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000035
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法还进一步包括后处理步骤,例如包括使用醚类溶剂析晶。
在本发明某一方案中,所述醚类溶剂可为MTBE、异丙醚、乙醚、THF、2-甲基四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环等。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式D的制备方法还包括:溶剂中,化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生如下式所示的缩合反应生成化合物式C;所述缩合剂为硅烷类缩合剂;
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000036
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环。
较佳地,所述缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
本发明还提供化合物式D的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式C,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000037
(2)化合物式C发生关环反应,生成化合物式D,可任选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000038
其中,R 2、R 3同上所述。
其中优选的实施方案,
R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,即:
(1)化合物式A与化合物式b在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式c,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000039
(2)化合物式c发生关环反应,生成化合物式d,可任选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000040
和/或,步骤(1)中,反应溶剂优选为THF;
和/或,步骤(1)中,反应温度控制在-15℃以下;优选-25℃以下;
和/或,步骤(1)中,化合物式A与化合物式B的摩尔比为1:1-5,优选1:1-1.5或1:1.3-3;
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
将化合物A和化合物B溶于THF中,控温在-15℃以下加入缩合剂(优选TMSOTf),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
和/或,步骤(2)中,醚类溶剂为MTBE或异丙醚;
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述关环反应在吗啡啉、催化剂和有机溶剂存在下发生;所述催化剂优选钯碳催化剂,如Pd(PPh 3) 4;和/或,化合物A与吗啡啉的摩尔比可为1:1-40,优选1:1-20,更优选1:10;和/或,化合物A与钯碳催化剂的摩尔比优选1:0.001-0.5,例如,1:0.001-0.03,更优选1:0.001-0.005;
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述有机溶剂优选为THF、卤代烷烃(如DCM)、醚类(如甲基叔丁基醚)、 甲苯的一种或多种;
和/或,步骤(2)中,还进一步包括后处理步骤,包括使用醚类溶剂析晶;
和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式C、溶于有机溶剂中,加入吗啡啉、Pd(PPh 3) 4,搅拌反应;可任选地包括后处理步骤,包括使用醚类溶剂析晶。
本发明还提供化合物式A的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
化合物式1a与甲基化试剂酯化反应生成化合物式1b,再与Boc肼反应后脱
保护生成化合物式A:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000041
其中优选的实施方案,在酯化反应中:
所述甲基化试剂为硫酸二甲酯、碳酸二甲酯、碘甲烷;
和/或,反应温度为10-30℃;
和/或,反应时间为3-7h;
和/或,反应溶剂为DMA;
和/或,化合物1a与甲基化试剂的摩尔比为1:1-5,优选为1:1.3;
本发明还提供化合物式II或式III的制备方法,其中式II的制备包括步骤(1)、式III的制备包括步骤(1)、(2):
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000042
(1)将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000043
(2)化合物式II醚化反应生成化合物式III:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000044
其中,R 2、R 3、n如前所述,R 5为形成前药的基团。
其中优选的实施方案,
步骤(1)中,化合物式H和锂盐或镁盐,在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应制得式II,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
和/或,步骤(1)中,锂盐优选LiCl;镁盐优选MgCl 2
和/或,步骤(1)中,所述反应的温度为95~120℃;
和/或,步骤(2)中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
和/或,步骤(2)中,所述化合物式II、氯甲基甲基碳酸酯、碳酸钾和碘化钾在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应生成式III;可任选地包括后处理步骤;其中,加热优选至40~60℃,更优选为45~55℃;和/或,反应4~12h(优选4~10h);
和/或,化合物式II或式III的制备方法还包括:上述任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、上述任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法、上述任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法或上述任一项所述的化合物式A的制备方法中的任一方法或任意组合;
和/或,化合物式II或化合物式III的制备方法,其中化合物式II制备方法包括(1)-(4)步骤,化合物式III制备方法包括(1)-(5)步骤:
(1)化合物式D的制备:
化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式C,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf;
化合物式C发生关环反应,生成化合物式D,可选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶;
(2)化合物式F的制备:
将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物D反应生成化合物式E;
化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式F;
(3)化合物式H的制备:
化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下;
(4)化合物式II的制备:
将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II;
(5)化合物式III的制备:
化合物式II醚化反应后生成化合物式III;
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000045
其中,R 2、R 3、n同上所述,R 5同上所述;化合物式A的制备方法如上述任一项所述、化合物式D的制备方法如上述任一项所述、化合物式F的制备方法如上述任一项所述、化合物式H的制备方法如上述任一项所述;
其中,可选的,所述化合物式A如上述任一项方法制得;
其中,优选地,该制备方法中,R 2、R 3与其所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,化合物式II为下述化合物式2,化合物式III为下述式3
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000046
化合物式2制备方法包括(1)-(4)步骤(即式A-式2),化合物式3制备方法包括(1)-(5)(即式A-式3)步骤:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000047
可选的,所述化合物式A如上述任一项方法制得。
本发明还提供化合物式III的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:化合物式A经历如下式所示的(a)缩合反应、(b)环化反应、(c)酰胺化反应、(d)取代反应、(e)缩合反应、(f)脱羟基保护基反应和(g)醚化反应制备得到化合物式III;
(a)缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000048
(b)环化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000049
(c)酰胺化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000050
(d)取代反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000051
(e)缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000052
(f)脱羟基保护基反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000053
(g)醚化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000054
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
n为1-9的整数;R 5为形成前药的基团。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元 碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,n可为4、5或6,例如5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1- 4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(a)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(b)环化反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(c)酰胺化反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(g)醚化反应的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
本发明还提供化合物式H的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:化合物式A经历如下式所示的(a)缩合反应、(b)环化反应、(c)酰胺化反应、(d)取代反应和(e)缩合反应制备得到化合物式H;
(a)缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000055
(b)环化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000056
(c)酰胺化反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000057
(d)取代反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000058
(e)缩合反应:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000059
其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
n为1-9的整数;R 5为形成前药的基团。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,n可为4、5或6,例如5。
在本发明某一方案中,所述化合物式H的制备方法中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(a)缩合反应反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(b)环化反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(c)酰胺化反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
在本发明某一方案中,较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件的反应条件和步骤如前所述。
本发明提供化合物式I,
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000060
其中,
R 1选自H、
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000061
R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;
R 4为卤素,优选为F;
m为1-4的整数,优选为2或3;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5;
X为S或O,优选为S。
其中优选的实施方案,所述化合物式I可为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000062
其中,R 4和n同上所述;
其中优选的实施方案,化合物式I,选自:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000063
其中,R 2、R 3、n同上所述;
化合物式F优选为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000064
化合物式H优选为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000065
本发明还提供化合物式E:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000066
其中,R 2、R 3同上所述;
其中优选的实施方案,化合物式e为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000067
本发明还提供化合物式C:
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000068
其中,R 2、R 3同上所述;
其中优选的实施方案,化合物式c为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000069
本发明还提供化合物式C、化合物式E、化合物式F、化合物式H、化合物式H-a、化合物式H-b、化合物式c、化合物式e、化合物式f或化合物式h用于制备帽依赖型核酸内切酶抑制剂吡啶酮衍生物(优选化合物式II、化合物式III、化合物式2或化合物式3)或其类似物的用途。
本发明还提供经化合物式C、化合物式E、化合物式F、化合物式H、化合物式c、化合物式e、化合物式f或化合物式h制备吡啶酮衍生物(优选化合物式II、化合物式III、化合物式2或化合物式3)或其类似物的方法。
本发明还提供制备吡啶酮衍生物(优选化合物式II、化合物式III、化合物式2或化合物式3)或 其类似物的方法,包括上述任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、上述任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法或上述任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法的中的任一方法或任意组合。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含式II/2(式II或式2)和/或式III/3(式III或式3)化合物和药学上可接受的载体/辅料,其中所述式II/2(式II或式2)或式III/3(式III或式3)化合物按照如前所述方法制备,或经由化合物式C、化合物式E、化合物式F、化合物式H、化合物式c、化合物式e、化合物式f或化合物式h制备,或其制备方法包括上述任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、上述任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法或上述任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法中的任一方法或任意组合。
本发明还提供一种组合物,其包含如前所述化合物式III,并进一步含有如前所述化合物式II和/或如前所述化合物式H中的一种或多种化合物;较佳地,所述化合物式II为化合物式2,和/或,所述化合物式III为化合物式3,和/或,所述化合物式H为化合物式h;更佳地,所述化合物式II的含量不高于0.50%和/或所述化合物式H的含量不高于0.10%,和/或,所述式III化合物如上述任一项所述方法制备,和/或,所述式II如上述任一项所述方法制备,和/或,所述化合物式H如上述任一项所述方法制备。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的如前所述化合物式III和药学上可接受的载体,并进一步含有如前所述化合物式II和/或如前所述化合物式H;较佳地,所述化合物式II为化合物式2,和/或,所述化合物式III为化合物式3,和/或,所述化合物式H为化合物式h;更佳地,所述化合物式II的含量不高于1.50%(例如不高于1.0%、0.5%)和/或所述化合物式H的含量不高于0.10%和/或,所述式III化合物按照如上述任一项所述方法制备,和/或,所述式II如上述任一项所述方法制备,和/或,所述化合物式H如上述任一项所述方法制备。
化合物式III为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000070
化合物式II为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000071
化合物式H为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000072
化合物式F为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000073
化合物式D为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000074
化合物式E为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000075
化合物式3为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000076
化合物式2为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000077
化合物式h为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000078
化合物式f为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000079
化合物式d为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000080
化合物式e为
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000081
有益技术效果:
1.化合物式D至式II/III(式II或式III)的制备:
1)本发明化合物式D至式II/III(式II或式III)过程中,未采用现有技术CN110637016A中报道的手性柱拆分方法,采用化学拆分方法,得到了所需构型。该方法操作简便,易于工业化生产;此外,大大减少式G的用量及其他物料的用量,有效降低了生产成本:
2)本发明化合物式D至式II/III(式II或式III)过程中,在式D/d(式D或式d)的拆分阶段,将苄基保护基团替换为正己基,对于式G反应的选择性有明显的提高;
3)本发明化合物式D至式II/III(式II或式III)过程中,收率显著提高;
4)本发明D/d(式D或式d)-E/e(式E或式e)步中,采用特定S构型的特定拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃-甲酸,相对R构型或其它拆分剂拆分收率显著提高;
5)本发明D/d(式D或式d)-E/e(式E或式e)步中,使用草酰氯等酰化试剂对(S)-四氢呋 喃-甲酸进行酰化处理,成本低,环保,收率高,反应时间短;
6)化合物D/d(式E或式e)-E/e(式E或式e)步中,通过将拆分剂经过酰卤活化后((S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤)与化合物D反应生成较为稳定的拆分盐;
7)本发明E/e(式E或式e)到F/f(式F或式f)步中,一锅法制备,无需分离,简化操作,且收率高,反应时间短,所需反应物料种类少,安全环保;新中间体化合物式E在相对廉价安全的醇盐的存在下反应即可高收率制备得到化合物式F;由于新中间体化合物式E的高反应活性,反应过程生成的副产物少,后处理简单;
8)本发明E/e(式E或式e)到F/f(式F或式f)步中,仅使用醇盐和正己醇即可有效制得化合物F/f,成本低、收率高、纯度高;此外,醇盐为固体形式,可直接加入,只需常规条件储存,操作方便,无安全隐患;
9)本发明F/f(式F或式f)到H/h(式H或式h)步中,本发明使用甲磺酸酐进行缩合反应,相对使用甲磺酸,反应的选择性显著提高,在收率、纯度方面有显著提升,且反应条件温和,安全性高,反应时间短;
10)本发明H/h(式H或式h)到式II步中,现有技术CN110637016A缩合后脱苄基难度大,容易产生较大的工艺副产物,收率低,本发明采用式H/h(式H或式h)脱己基得到II,在收率、质量方面有显著提高。
11)通过本发明的制备方法制得的终产物中杂质含量显著少,纯度高。
2.化合物式A/1a至D的制备:
1)式D的制备过程中,发明人惊喜的发现使用甲酯化合物,相对现有技术中使用乙酯化合物,更容易反应,可大大缩短反应周期,降低成本。
2)式D的制备过程中,发明人惊喜的发现甲酯化合物更利于反应,式D/d(式D或式d)收率显著升高,且纯度大于95%;
3)式D的制备过程中,无需采用柱层析分离即可获得高纯度产物,对于工业化生产更为合适;
4)式D的制备过程中,现有技术使用四氯化锡,反应过程中产生氯化氢气体,吸水后容易腐蚀设备,而且操作安全性不好,本发明使用缩合剂三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅酯(TMSOTF),反应绿色、环保,操作安全性高,适合工业化生产。
3.本发明提供了全新的中间体化合物式I(优选化合物式F、化合物式H)、化合物式E(优选化合物式e)、化合物式C(优选化合物式c)及制备方法,具有反应周期短、成本低、收率高、产物纯度高、适合工业化规模生产、操作简便、绿色环保、安全性高等优点。
本发明提供了一条全新的制备化合物式III的路线,在新路线中,通过新中间化合物式C、中间化合物式E、中间化合物式F和中间化合物式H,大大提高了制备化合物式III的总体收率,简化了路线中的后处理步骤,缩短反应时间,降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例子,对本发明做进一步的阐述。实施例中的操作参数,仅是作为阐述,并不是本发明的全部限制范围;本发明所用试剂和原料如无特别说明,均市售可得。
实施例1
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000082
室温下(约20℃)化合物式1a 892g溶于3L N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中,氮气置换三次,加入608g NaHCO 3,加入594g硫酸二甲酯/DMA(1L)溶液,温度基本不变,约20min加完,加毕,保持室温搅拌反应5h;室温下滴加水5L,温度由22℃上升至30℃,加EA萃取,浓缩至干,得到化合物式1b 940g,收率99.7%。
实施例2
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000083
将实施例1所得化合物式1b 940g溶于3.76L N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中,加入2270g吡啶对甲苯磺酸,升温至60℃;氮气保护下,于60℃缓慢加入620g Boc肼的DMA溶液,加完后于60℃反应5h,反应液冷至25℃,滴加乙醇/水析晶,过滤,干燥得白色固体化合物式1c’940g,收率69.5%。
实施例3
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000084
将实施例2所得化合物式1c’940g溶于9L二氯甲烷中,并冷至0℃;氮气保护下,缓慢加入5140g三氟醋酸;加完后升至室温,并于室温反应2h;浓缩,DCM萃取,调pH至8-9,浓缩,用二氯甲烷:石油醚(1:5)打浆得固体;干燥,得化合物式A 612.0g,收率88.9%。
实施例4
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000085
将实施例3所得化合物式A600g和化合物式b 646.2g溶于6L THF中,控温在-15℃以下滴加TMSOTf 631.8g,继续-15℃以下搅拌反应3h;用饱和NaHCO3溶液淬灭,用EA萃取,浓缩,得化合物式c 1.26kg。
LC-MS(470.2); 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.51-0.71(3H),0.92-0.98(1H),3.18-3.39(1H),3.73-3.88(6H),4.23-4.53(2H),5.14-5.27(5H),5.65-5.73(1H),6.19-6.50(2H),7.22-7.44(6H)。
实施例5 化合物式d的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000086
将实施例4所得化合物式c1.26kg溶于10.2L THF中,加入1.91kg吗啡啉,搅拌;加入12.66g Pd(PPh 3) 4,搅拌反应2h;加入20.4L MTBE,室温搅拌1h;过滤,干燥得628.8g化合物式d,纯度97.01%,两步收率81.3%。
实施例6 化合物式e的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000087
1)294.9g(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸用1.1L甲苯溶解,滴加12.5mL DMF,15℃滴加599.6g草酰氯,滴毕,5℃保温反应3h,反应液旋干得酰氯;
2)取另一反应瓶,加入按实施例5所得的化合物式d 500g,加入4L DCM搅拌;加入364.5g DIEA;冷却至-10℃;将步骤1)所得的酰氯用1L DCM溶解,滴加至反应液中,-10℃搅拌反应3h;反应液用饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭,萃取、浓缩,用EtOH:MTBE=1.5:10(V/V)重结晶,过滤,干燥得286.2g化合物式e,纯度97.5%,收率44.8%。
LC-MS(452.2); 1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ:0.37-0.86(4H),1.82-2.18(4H),3.66-4.04(6H),5.01-5.16(3H),5.94-5.98(1H),6.29-6.32(1H),7.28-7.71(16H)。
实施例7 化合物式f的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000088
将实施例6所得的化合物式e 185g和正己醇418.9g加入THF 1.85L中,冷至-10℃;加入叔戊醇钠225.7g,搅拌反应;HPLC监测化合物式e≤3%时停止反应;加入水淬灭,萃取,合并有机层,洗涤,干燥,过滤,浓缩,得粗品进一步用正庚烷重结晶,过滤,鼓风干燥得化合物式f 125g,纯度97.5%收率87.8%,
LC-MS(348.2), 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.68-1.83(15H),3.53-4.16(6H),4.88-4.4.91(1H),6.99-7.02(1H),7.82-7.84(1H),8.06-8.10(1H)。
实施例8 化合物式h的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000089
将实施例7所得的化合物式f 54.1g、化合物式G 45.3g、T 3P乙酸乙酯溶液118.5g(T 3P的质量浓度为50%)加入到270mL EA中,升温至65℃,加入甲磺酸酐27.1g,继续加热至75~80℃反应6h;浓缩、DCM萃取,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,干燥,EA打浆得化合物h,纯度93.2%,再进一步用丙酮:甲醇=1:1(V/V)混合溶剂重结晶,过滤,干燥得化合物式h 51.7g,目标构型(R-S)纯度98.5%,收率56.0%。
LC-MS(594.3),1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ:0.72-0.90(7H),1.28-1.70(8H),3.38-3.52(2H),3.90-4.17(5H),4.54-4.58(1H),5.42-5.78(3H),6.82-7.41(5H),7.40-7.43(2H)。
实施例9-10 化合物式2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000090
实施例9
将实施例8所得的化合物式h 12.80g加入130mL DMA及10.28gMgCl 2,开始加热至110℃,保温反应,HPLC监控至反应结束;冷却至0℃;加入稀盐酸和水,析晶;过滤,干燥得10.50g化合物式2,纯度98.4%,收率95.5%。
实施例10
将实施例8所得的化合物式h 14.99g、加入150mL DMA及9.83g LiCl,开始加热至105℃,保温反应,HPLC监控至反应结束;冷却至10℃;加入稀盐酸和水,析晶;过滤,干燥得11.57g化合物式2,纯度98.3%,收率90.0%。
实施例11 化合物式3的合成
Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-000091
将实施例10所得的化合物式2 10g、氯甲基甲基碳酸酯3.6g,DMA1L、碳酸钾5.4g和碘化钾3.2g加入反应瓶,加热至55℃,保温6h;过滤,冷却至10℃;滴加盐酸和水,析晶;过滤,干燥,得9.8g化合物式3,纯度99.4%,收率83.6%。其中式2含量低于0.50%,式h含量低于0.10%。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,这些仅是举例说明,在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下,可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改。因此,本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求书限定。

Claims (29)

  1. 化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:
    化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生如下式所示的取代反应生成化合物式F:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100001
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
    n为1-9的整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,n为4、5或6,例如5;
    和/或,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    和/或,所述醇盐为醇钠盐和/或醇钾盐,例如叔戊醇钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔戊醇钾;
    和/或,所述述醇盐优选以固体形式加入;
    和/或,所述化合物式E和所述醇盐的摩尔比为1:0.1-10;优选为1:3-6,更优选1:4-5;
    和/或,所述脂肪醇为C 2-10的脂肪醇,可为乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇,优选正己醇;
    和/或,所述化合物式E和所述脂肪醇(如正己醇)的摩尔比为1:1-15,优选1:7-11,更优选1:8-10;
    和/或,所述取代反应在有机溶剂中反应;
    和/或,所述取代反应的反应温度为低于50℃,如-10~10℃或0℃以下;
    和/或,所述化合物式F的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述化合物式E、所述脂肪醇和所述醇盐,或,有机溶剂、所述化合物式E、所述脂肪醇和所述醇盐;
    和/或,所述化合物式F为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100002
    和/或,所述化合物式E为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100003
  3. 如权利要求2所述的化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种;所述环氧类溶剂可为THF;所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为氯代烷烃类溶剂,例如二氯甲烷;所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯;所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯;所述有机溶剂优选为THF、二氯甲烷、甲苯和乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种组合;
    和/或,所述化合物式F的制备方法中,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:将所述化合物式E和所述脂肪醇(如正己醇)溶于所述有机溶剂中,加入所述醇盐,在低于50℃条件下(如-10~10℃或0℃以下),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,所述化合物式F的制备方法包括化合物式E的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱存在下,将(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100004
    与化合物式D反应生成化合物式E:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100005
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
    较佳地,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    和/或,所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴;
    和/或,所述碱为有机碱;可为含氮有机碱,例如DIEA(N,N二异丙基乙胺)和/或三乙胺;
    和/或,所述化合物式D与所述碱的摩尔比为1:1-5,例如1:2;
    和/或,所述溶剂为有机溶剂;所述溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种;所述环氧类溶剂可为THF或1,4-二氧六环;所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为氯代烷烃类溶剂,例如二氯甲烷或1,2-二氯乙烷;所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯;所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯;所述溶剂还可为DCM(二氯甲烷)、甲苯、THF、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷或1,4-二氧六环;
    和/或,所述反应的反应温度为-20~50℃,优选-10~10℃或0℃以下;
    和/或,所述反应的反应时间为0.1-6h,例如0.3-5h,优选0.5-3h;
    和/或,所述化合物式D与(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤的摩尔比为1:1.0-3.0,优选1:1.2-2.0;
    和/或,所述化合物式E的制备方法包括如下步骤:所述化合物式D溶于溶剂中,加入所述碱,加所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤反应生成化合物式E;
    和/或,所述化合物式E的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、所述碱、所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤和所述化合物式D组成;
    和/或,所述化合物式E为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100006
    和/或,所述化合物式D为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100007
    和/或,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤通过滴加的方式加入所述反应中;
    和/或,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤加入反应液前,溶于所述溶剂中;
    和/或,所述化合物式E的制备方法还包括后处理步骤;较佳地,所述后处理步骤可包括如下步骤:淬灭,萃取、浓缩、重结晶;
    和/或,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤由如下步骤制得:(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸与卤酰化试剂进行酰化反应。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,所述化合物式E的制备方法中的后处理步骤中重结晶的溶剂选自酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂和醚类溶剂中的一种或多种;所述醇类溶剂优选为EtOH;所述醚类溶剂优选为MTBE;所述重结晶的溶剂可为醇类溶剂和醚类溶剂,例如EtOH和MTBE;较佳地,所述醇类溶剂与醚类溶剂的体积比可为0.1-10:10,更优选1-5:10;
    和/或,所述酰化反应中,所述卤酰化试剂与所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸的摩尔比为(0.9-6):1,例如(1-3):1;
    和/或,所述酰化反应中,所述卤酰化试剂为草酰氯、草酰溴或二氯亚砜;
    和/或,所述酰化反应在溶剂中进行,所述溶剂优选芳烃类溶剂,例如甲苯;
    和/或,所述酰化反应还包括加入催化剂;所述催化剂可为DMF;较佳地,所述(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸与所述催化剂的质量体积比可为5-100g/mL,例如10-30g/mL;
    和/或,所述酰化反应的反应温度可为-20℃-30℃,例如0℃-10℃;
    和/或,所述酰化反应时间可为0.1-6h,例如1-3h;
    和/或,所述酰化反应的反应物料由以下物质组成:(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸、所述溶剂、所述酰化试剂 和催化剂组成。
  6. 化合物式E的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在碱存在下,将(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100008
    与化合物式D发生如下式所示的酰胺化反应生成化合物式E:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100009
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
    所述化合物式E的制备方法中的反应条件和步骤如权利要求4-5任一项所述。
  7. 化合物式F的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:
    (1)将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物D反应生成化合物式E:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100010
    (2)化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式F:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100011
    其中,
    R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5;
    Y代表卤素,优选氯、溴。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的制备方法,其中:
    R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,即:
    (1)将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物d反应生成化合物式e;
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100012
    (2)化合物式e和正己醇在醇盐的存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式f
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100013
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述酰化采用的试剂优选为草酰氯或草酰溴或二氯亚砜;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100014
    ((S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤)优选为(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰氯或(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰溴;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述反应在有机碱存在下于有机溶剂中进行;所述有机碱优选为DIEA(N,N-二异丙基乙胺)、三乙胺;和/或,所述有机溶剂优选为DCM(二氯甲烷)、甲苯、THF、乙酸乙酯、1,2-二氯乙烷、1,4-二氧六环;优选的,化合物式D与有机碱的摩尔比为1:1-5,更优选为1:2;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,反应温度为-20~50℃,优选-10~10℃或0℃以下;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,化合物式D与(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.0~1:3.0,优选1:1.2~1:2.0;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,还包括重结晶步骤,重结晶溶剂为酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂、醚类溶剂中的至少一种,优选EtOH和MTBE,二者体积比优选0.1-10:10,更优选1:5-10;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,步骤为:化合物式D、有机碱溶于有机溶剂,冷却;加入有机溶剂溶解的(S)-四氢呋喃甲酰卤,在-20~50℃(优选-10~10℃或0℃以下)搅拌反应;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述醇盐优选为醇钠盐、醇钾盐,更优选为叔戊醇钠、叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、叔戊醇钾;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,优选所述醇盐以固体形式加入;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述脂肪醇为C 2-10的脂肪醇,可为乙醇、正丙醇、正丁醇、正戊醇、正己醇,优选正己醇;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式E和脂肪醇的摩尔比为1:1-15,优选1:8-10;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式E和醇盐的摩尔比为1:0.1-10;优选1:3-6或1:4-5;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,在有机溶剂中反应,有机溶剂优选为THF、二氯甲烷、甲苯、乙酸乙酯;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:将化合物式E和脂肪醇溶于有机溶剂中加入醇盐,在低于50℃条件下(如-10~10℃或0℃以下),搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
  9. 化合物式H的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,在甲磺酸酐和缩合剂存在下,化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H;
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100015
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
    n为1-9的整数。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的化合物式H的制备方法,其特征在于,n为4、5或6,例如5;
    和/或,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    和/或,所述缩合剂为磷酸酐,例如T 3P;所述T 3P可为纯T 3P或T 3P的有机溶液;所述T 3P的有机溶液优选为T 3P的乙酸乙酯溶液或T 3P的DMF溶液,其中T 3P的质量浓度优选50%;
    和/或,所述化合物式F与所述缩合剂的摩尔比为1:1-3;
    和/或,所述缩合反应的反应时间为2~24h,优选2~12h,更优选4~10h;
    和/或,所述缩合的反应温度为40~90℃,例如50~80℃;
    和/或,所述化合物式F与所述化合物式G的摩尔比为1:1-3;例如1:1.1-2;
    和/或,所述化合物式F与所述甲磺酸酐摩尔比为1:1-5,例如1:1-3;
    和/或,所述溶剂为有机溶剂;所述有机溶剂可选自环氧类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂和酯类溶剂中的一种或多种;所述环氧类溶剂可为呋喃类溶剂,例如THF;所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯;所述酯类溶剂可为乙酸乙酯;所述酰胺类溶剂可为DMA或DMF;所述溶剂还可选自酯类、呋喃类、甲苯、DMA和DMF中的一种或多种,例如乙酸乙酯;
    和/或,所述化合物式H的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、甲磺酸酐、所述缩合剂、所述化合物式F和所述化合物式G;
    和/或,所述化合物式F为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100016
    和/或,所述化合物式H为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100017
    和/或,所述化合物式H的制备方法还进一步包括后处理步骤,例如包括进行重结晶,例如使用酮类溶剂和醇类溶剂混合溶剂重结晶;所述酮类溶剂可为丙酮、丁酮、甲乙酮、甲基丁酮、甲基异丁酮、环己酮等;所述醇类溶剂可为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、辛醇、环己醇、仲丁醇等;
    和/或,所述化合物式H的制备方法的步骤为:将所述化合物式F、所述化合物式G和所述缩合剂(例如T 3P)溶于所述有机溶剂,升温至40~90℃,加入甲磺酸酐,50~80℃反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
    和/或,所述化合物式H的制备方法还包括:化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生如下式所示的取代反应生成化合物式F:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100018
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
    n为1-9的整数;较佳地,所述取代反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求1-5或7-8任一项所述。
  11. 化合物式H的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
    化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下发生缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100019
    其中,
    R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的制备方法,其中:
    R 2、R 3与其所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,即化合物式f和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式h,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下发生缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100020
    和/或,反应时间为2~24h;优选2~12h,更优选4~10h;
    和/或,反应的温度为40~90℃,优选50~80℃;
    和/或,化合物式F与化合物式G的摩尔比为1:1-3,优选1:1.1-2;
    和/或,化合物式F与甲磺酸酐摩尔数比为1:1-5,优选1:1-3;
    和/或,在加入T 3P、甲磺酸酐条件下于有机溶剂中发生缩合反应,所述有机溶剂优选为酯类、呋喃类、甲苯、DMA、DMF的一种或多种;
    和/或,化合物式F与T 3P的摩尔比为1:1-3,例如1:1-2;
    和/或,所述T 3P可以为纯T 3P或T 3P的有机溶液,所述T 3P的有机溶液优选为T 3P的乙酸乙酯溶液或T 3P的DMF溶液,其中T 3P的质量浓度优选50%;
    和/或,还进一步包括后处理步骤,包括进行重结晶(如使用酮类溶剂和醇类溶剂混合溶剂重结晶);
    和/或,所述步骤为:将化合物式F、化合物式G和T 3P溶于有机溶剂,升温至40~90℃,加入甲磺酸酐,50~80℃反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
    和/或,化合物式F或式f按权利要求1-5或7-8任一项所述方法制得。
  13. 化合物式III的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:化合物式E经历如下式所示的(d)取代反应、(e)缩合反应、(f)脱羟基保护基反应和(g)醚化反应制备得到化合物式III;
    (d)取代反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100021
    (e)缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100022
    (f)脱羟基保护基反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100023
    (g)醚化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100024
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
    n为1-9的整数;R 5为形成前药的基团;
    较佳地,所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘;例如氯或溴;
    较佳地,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    较佳地,n为4、5或6,例如5;
    较佳地,R 5为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
    较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求1-5或7-8任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求9-12任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应包括如下步骤:将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II:更佳地,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应的反应条件和步骤满足如下条件中的一种或多种:
    (1)所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,化合物式H和锂盐或镁盐,在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应制得式II,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
    (2)所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,锂盐优选LiCl;所述镁盐优选MgCl 2
    和(3)所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应中,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应的反应温度为90~120℃;
    较佳地,所述(g)醚化反应包括如下步骤:所述化合物式II、氯甲基甲基碳酸酯、碳酸钾和碘化钾在有机溶剂(优选DMA)中加热反应生成化合物式III;可任选地包括后处理步骤;其中,所述加热优选40~60℃,更优选为45~55℃;和/或,所述反应时间优选4~12h,更优选4~10h。
  14. 化合物式C的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:溶剂中,化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生如下式所示的缩合反应生成化合物式C;所述缩合剂为磺酸硅烷酯;
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100025
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的化合物式C的制备方法,其特征在于,
    和/或,所述缩合剂为TMSOTf;
    和/或,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    和/或,所述溶剂为环氧类溶剂,例如THF;
    和/或,所述化合物式A与所述化合物式B的摩尔比为1:1-5,例如1:1-1.5或1:1.3-3;
    和/或,所述缩合反应的反应温度为控制在-15℃以下,优选-25℃以下;
    和/或,所述化合物式C为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100026
    和/或,所述化合物式B为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100027
    和/或,所述化合物式C制备方法中,所述化合物式C的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成: 所述溶剂、所述缩合剂、所述化合物式B和所述化合物式A;
    较佳地,所述化合物式C的制备方法包括如下步骤:将所述化合物A和所述化合物B溶于THF中,控温在-15℃以下加入所述缩合剂,搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤。
  16. 化合物式D的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:
    溶剂中,在碱和催化剂存在下,化合物式C发生如下式所示的关环反应生成化合物式D:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100028
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的化合物式D的制备方法,其特征在于,所述C 3-8碳环为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    和/或,所述溶剂为有机溶剂;所述溶剂可选自卤代烷烃类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂、环氧类溶剂和醚类溶剂中的一种或多种;所述醚类溶剂可为甲基叔丁基醚或异丙醚;所述环氧类溶剂可为THF;所述卤代烷烃类溶剂可为二氯甲烷;所述芳烃类溶剂可为甲苯;所述溶剂还可选自THF、卤代烷烃、醚类和甲苯的一种或多种;
    和/或,所述碱为有机碱,可为含氮有机碱,例如吗啡啉;
    和/或,所述化合物式C与所述碱的摩尔比为1:1-20,例如1:5-10;
    和/或,所述催化剂为钯催化剂,优选钯碳催化剂,如Pd(PPh 3) 4
    和/或,所述化合物式C与所述催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.001-0.5,例如1:0.001-0.03,还例如1:0.001-0.005;
    和/或,所述化合物式D的制备方法中的反应物料由以下物质组成:所述溶剂、所述碱、所述催化剂和所述化合物式C;
    和/或,所述化合物式D为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100029
    和/或,所述化合物式C为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100030
    和/或,所述化合物式D的制备方法还进一步包括后处理步骤,例如包括使用醚类溶剂析晶;所述醚类溶剂可为MTBE、异丙醚、乙醚、THF、2-甲基四氢呋喃或1,4-二氧六环;
    和/或,所述化合物式D的制备方法还包括:溶剂中,化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生如下式所示的缩合反应生成化合物式C;所述缩合剂为硅烷类缩合剂;
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100031
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;
    较佳地,所述制备化合物式C的缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求14或15所述。
  18. 化合物式D的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
    (1)化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式C,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100032
    (2)化合物式C发生关环反应,生成化合物式D,可任选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100033
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的方法,其中:
    R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,即:
    (1)化合物式A与化合物式b在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式c,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100034
    (2)化合物式c发生关环反应,生成化合物式d,可任选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100035
    和/或,步骤(1)中,反应溶剂优选为THF;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,反应温度控制在-15℃以下,优选-25℃以下;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,化合物式A与化合物式B的摩尔比为1:1-5,优选1:1-1.5或1:1.3-3;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
    将化合物A和化合物B溶于THF中,控温在-15℃以下加入缩合剂,优选TMSOTf,搅拌反应,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,醚类溶剂为MTBE或异丙醚;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述关环反应在吗啡啉、催化剂和有机溶剂存在下发生;所述催化剂优选钯碳催化剂,如Pd(PPh 3) 4;和/或,化合物A与吗啡啉的摩尔比为1:1-40,优选1:1-20,更优选1:10;和/或,化合物A与钯碳催化剂的摩尔比优选1:0.001-0.5,例如,1:0.001-0.03,更优选1:0.001-0.005;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述有机溶剂优选为THF、卤代烷烃(如DCM)、醚类(如甲基叔丁基醚)、甲苯的一种或多种;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,还进一步包括后处理步骤,包括使用醚类溶剂析晶;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,化合物式C、溶于有机溶剂中,加入吗啡啉、Pd(PPh 3) 4,搅拌反应;可任选地包括后处理步骤,包括使用醚类溶剂析晶。
  20. 化合物式III的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:化合物式A经历如下式所示的(a)缩合反应、(b)环化反应、(c)酰胺化反应、(d)取代反应、(e)缩合反应、(f)脱羟基保护基反应和(g)醚化反应制备得到化合物式III;
    (a)缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100036
    (b)环化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100037
    (c)酰胺化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100038
    (d)取代反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100039
    (e)缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100040
    (f)脱羟基保护基反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100041
    (g)醚化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100042
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
    n为1-9的整数;R 5为形成前药的基团;
    较佳地,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    较佳地,n为4、5或6,例如5;
    较佳地,所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴;
    较佳地,所述化合物式III的制备方法中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
    较佳地,所述(a)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求14或15所述;
    较佳地,所述(b)环化反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求16-19任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(c)酰胺化反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求6所述;
    较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求1-5和7-8任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求9-12任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(f)脱羟基保护基反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求13所述;
    较佳地,所述(g)醚化反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求13所述。
  21. 化合物式H的制备方法,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:化合物式A经历如下式所示的(a)缩合反应、(b)环化反应、(c)酰胺化反应、(d)取代反应和(e)缩合反应制备得到化合物式H;
    (a)缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100043
    (b)环化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100044
    (c)酰胺化反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100045
    (d)取代反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100046
    (e)缩合反应:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100047
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环;Y为卤素;
    n为1-9的整数;
    较佳地,所述卤素为氟、氯、溴或碘,例如氯或溴;
    较佳地,所述C 3-8碳环可为C 3-4碳环,例如三元碳环;
    较佳地,n为4、5或6,例如5;
    较佳地,所述(a)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求14或15述;
    较佳地,所述(b)环化反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求16-19任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(c)酰胺化反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求6所述;
    较佳地,所述(d)取代反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求1-5、7-8任一项所述;
    较佳地,所述(e)缩合反应的反应条件和步骤如权利要求9-12任一项所述。
  22. 化合物式II或式III的制备方法,其中式II的制备包括步骤(1)、式III的制备包括步骤(1)、(2):
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100048
    (1)将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100049
    (2)化合物式II醚化反应生成化合物式III:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100050
    其中,R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5,R 5为形成前药的基团。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的制备方法,
    步骤(1)中,化合物式H和锂盐或镁盐,在有机溶剂(优选为DMA)中加热反应制得式II,可任选地包括后处理步骤;
    和/或,步骤(1)中,锂盐优选LiCl;镁盐优选MgCl 2
    和/或,步骤(1)中,所述反应的温度为95~120℃;
    和/或,步骤(2)中,R 5优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
    和/或,步骤(2)中,所述化合物式II、氯甲基甲基碳酸酯、碳酸钾和碘化钾在有机溶剂(优选为DMA)中加热反应生成式III;可任选地包括后处理步骤;其中,加热优选至40~60℃,更优选为45~55℃;和/或,反应4~12h,更优选4~10h;
    和/或,化合物式II或式III的制备方法还包括:权利要求7-8任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、权利要求11-12任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法和权利要求18-19任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法中的任一方法或任意组合;
    和/或,化合物式II或化合物式III的制备方法,其中化合物式II制备方法包括(1)-(4)步骤,化合物式III制备方法包括(1)-(5)步骤:
    (1)化合物式D的制备:
    化合物式A与化合物式B在缩合剂的存在下发生缩合反应生成化合物式C,优选缩合剂为TMSOTf;
    化合物式C发生关环反应,生成化合物式D,可选的,使用醚类溶剂析晶;
    (2)化合物式F的制备:
    将拆分剂(S)-四氢呋喃甲酸进行酰化后与化合物D反应生成化合物式E;
    化合物式E和脂肪醇在醇盐存在下发生取代反应生成化合物式F;
    (3)化合物式H的制备:
    化合物式F和化合物式G发生缩合反应生成化合物式H,优选在存在T 3P和甲磺酸酐的条件下;
    (4)化合物式II的制备:
    将化合物式H在锂盐或镁盐的存在下脱羟基保护基反应得到化合物式II;
    (5)化合物式III的制备:
    化合物式II醚化反应后生成化合物式III;
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100051
    其中,R 2、R 3、n同权利要求1所述,R 5为形成前药的基团,优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-R 6,R 6为C 1-4烷基;R 5更优选为-CH 2-O-C(=O)-O-CH 3
    化合物式D的制备方法如权利要求18-19任一项所述、化合物式F的制备方法如权利要求7-8任一项所述、化合物式H的制备方法如权利要求11-12任一项所述;
    其中,优选地,该制备方法中,R 2、R 3与其所连的碳原子一起形成三元碳环,n为5,化合物式II为下述化合物式2,化合物式III为下述式3
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100052
    化合物式2制备方法包括(1)-(4)(即式A-式2)步骤,化合物式3制备方法包括(1)-(5)(即式A-式3)步骤:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100053
  24. 化合物式I、化合物式E或化合物式C:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100054
    其中,
    R 1选自H、
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100055
    R 2、R 3与其共同所连的碳原子一起形成C 3-8碳环,优选为C 3-4碳环,更优选为三元碳环;
    R 4为卤素,优选为F;
    m为1-4的整数,优选为2或3;n为1-9的整数,优选为4、5或6,更优选为5;
    X为S或O,优选为S。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的化合物式I,化合物式E或化合物式C:其特征在于;所述的化合物式I选自:
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100056
    化合物式F优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100057
    化合物式H优选为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100058
    优选地,化合物式E为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100059
    优选地,化合物式C为
    Figure PCTCN2022094297-appb-100060
  26. 如权利要求24或25所述的化合物式C、如权利要求24或25所述的化合物式E、如权利要求25所述的化合物式F、如权利要求25所述的化合物式H、如权利要求25所述的化合物式H-a、如权利要求25所述的化合物式H-b、如权利要求25所述的化合物式c、如权利要求25所述的化合物式e、如权利要求25所述的化合物式f或如权利要求25所述的化合物式h用于制备帽依赖型核酸内切酶抑制剂吡啶酮衍生物或其类似物的用途,或制备吡啶酮衍生物或其类似物的方法,其经化合物式C、化合物式E、化合物式F、化合物式H、化合物式c、化合物式e、化合物式f或化合物式h制备,或包含权利要求1-5和7-8任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、权利要求9-12和21任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法或权利要求16-19任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法中的任一方法或任意组合。
  27. 一种药物组合物,其包含式II/2(式II或式2)或式III/3(式III或式3)化合物和药学上可接受的载体/辅料,其中所述式II/2(式II或式2)或式III/3(式III或式3)化合物按照13、20、22或23任一项所述方法制备,或经由化合物式C、化合物式E、化合物式F、化合物式H、化合物式c、化合物式e、化合物式f或化合物式h制备,或包含权利要求1-5和7-8任一项所述的化合物式F/f(式F或式f)的制备方法、权利要求9-12和21任一项所述的化合物式H/h(式H或式h)的制备方法或权利要求16-19任一项所述的化合物式D/d(式D或式d)的制备方法中的任一方法或任意组合方法制备。
  28. 一种组合物,其特征在于,其包含化合物式III,并进一步含有化合物式II和/或化合物式H;较佳地,所述化合物式II为化合物式2,和/或,所述化合物式III为化合物式3,和/或,所述化合物式H为化合物式h;更佳地,所述化合物式II的含量不高于0.50%和/或所述化合物式H的含量不高于0.10%,和/或,所述式III化合物按照如权利要求13、20、22或23所述方法制备,和/或,所述式II按照如权利要求22或23所述方法制备,和/或,所述化合物式H按照如权利要求9-12和21任一项所述方法制备。
  29. 一种药物组合物,其特征在于,其包含治疗有效量的化合物式III和药学上可接受的载体/辅料,并进一步含有化合物式II和/或化合物式H;较佳地,所述化合物式II为化合物式2,和/或,所述化合物式III为化合物式3,和/或,所述化合物式H为化合物式h;更佳地,所述化合物式II的含量不高于1.50%(例如不高于1.0%、不高于0.5%)和/或所述化合物式H的含量不高于0.10%,和/或,所述式III化合物按照如权利要求13、20、22或23所述方法制备,和/或,所述式II按照如权利要求22或23所述方法制备,和/或,所述化合物式H按照如权利要求9-12和21任一项所述方法制备。
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