WO2022243843A1 - Lotion antivirale - Google Patents
Lotion antivirale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022243843A1 WO2022243843A1 PCT/IB2022/054540 IB2022054540W WO2022243843A1 WO 2022243843 A1 WO2022243843 A1 WO 2022243843A1 IB 2022054540 W IB2022054540 W IB 2022054540W WO 2022243843 A1 WO2022243843 A1 WO 2022243843A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antiviral
- lotion
- face
- optionally
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 101710143544 Griffithsin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001678559 COVID-19 virus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000127282 Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102000004856 Lectins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001090 Lectins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000003501 vero cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000025721 COVID-19 Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000037847 SARS-CoV-2-infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000003176 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002523 lectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000494545 Cordyline virus 2 Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001528 Coronaviridae Infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001115402 Ebolavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001491763 Griffithsia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000713772 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000517 death Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028709 inflammatory response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000504 luminescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003641 microbiacidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124561 microbicide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002855 microbicide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037307 sensitive skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005714 skin microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
- A61Q17/005—Antimicrobial preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/02—Algae
- A61K36/04—Rhodophycota or rhodophyta (red algae), e.g. Porphyra
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
- A61K8/645—Proteins of vegetable origin; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9706—Algae
- A61K8/9717—Rhodophycota or Rhodophyta [red algae], e.g. Porphyra
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
Definitions
- the current invention relates to an antiviral lotion comprising birithsin (GRFT).
- the current invention further relates to a process for producing said antiviral lotion, and to use of the antiviral lotion as an antiviral agent.
- GRFT griffithsin
- COVID-19 2019 coronavirus disease
- SARS-CoV-2 the etiological agent
- COVID-19 Even asymptomatic infected people are able to effectively spread SARS-CoV-2 and the vast majority (around 80%) of COVID-19 cases are either asymptomatic or have only mild symptoms. However, 20% of all those infected will develop severe illness, with the mortality rate standing at about 2% across the globe.
- COVID-19 has affected millions of people and caused millions of deaths in the world, both in developed and developing countries; as well as taking many economies into recessions or to the brink of collapse.
- Griffithsin is a lectin protein that has been isolated from the red algae Griffithsia Sp., although it has also been successfully produced recombinantly in plants. It is known to be a highly effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry inhibitor and has been investigated as a potential microbicide against HIV-1 . In addition, it has been studied as an anti-viral agent against other enveloped viruses including SARS and Ebolavirus.
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- an antiviral face and optionally body lotion comprising birithsin (GRFT).
- the antiviral lotion may be effective against enveloped viruses including coronaviruses, in particular SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV. More particularly, the antiviral lotion is safe and non-irritating and can be used on sensitive areas of the body, such as the face.
- the antiviral lotion may further comprise or consist of the following ingredients:
- one or more emollients including coconut oil
- one or more preservatives including Euxyl PE9010;
- buffers including sodium hydroxide (NaOH);
- (ix) optionally one or more fragrances and/or colourants.
- the antiviral lotion consists of the following ingredients:
- the antiviral lotion has a pH of between about pH 5.0-5.8.
- a process for manufacturing the antiviral lotion of the invention comprising or consisting of the steps of: a) in a first vessel mixing one or more stabilisers including disodium EDTA, one or more thickeners including xantham gum and optionally a diluent including de-ionised water to form a part A and heating part A to 75°C; b) in a second vessel mixing one or more emulsifiers including a wax, and one or more emollients including coconut oil to form a part B, and heating part B to 75°C; c) mixing part A to part B until uniformly mixed at 75°C, and then removing the mixed parts A and B from heat; d) homogenising the mixed parts A and B and cooling to 40°C; e) in a third vessel mixing one or more humectants including glycerine, and one or more preservatives including Euxyl PE9010 to form a part C, followed by
- the process for manufacturing the antiviral lotion of the invention may consist of the steps of: a) in a first vessel mixing disodium EDTA, xantham gum and de-ionised water to form a part A and heating the part A to 75°C; b) in a second vessel mixing a wax and coconut oil to form a part B, and heating the part B to 75°C; c) mixing part A to part B at 75°C until uniformly mixed, and then removing the mixed parts A and B from heat; d) homogenising the mixed parts A and B and cooling to 40°C; e) in a third vessel mixing glycerine and Euxyl PE9010 to form a part C, followed by adding part C to the homogenised and cooled parts A and B of step d) and mixing until uniformly mixed; f) checking the pH of the uniformly mixed parts A, B and C of step e) and adjusting to between about pH 5.0 and 5.8 by addition of NaOH to form a buffered lotion solution;
- a method for sanitising parts of the body, in particular, sensitive areas such as the face with the use of the antiviral lotion according to the invention comprising application of the antiviral lotion to the face and optionally the body.
- a method for inhibition of viruses including enveloped viruses, in particular coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV with the use of the antiviral lotion according to the invention comprising application of the antiviral lotion to the face and optionally the body.
- an antiviral lotion according to the invention for use in a method of sanitising parts of the body and/or inhibition of viruses, including enveloped viruses, in particular coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV, in particular, sensitive areas such as the face, comprising application of the antiviral lotion to the face and optionally the body.
- viruses including enveloped viruses, in particular coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV, in particular, sensitive areas such as the face, comprising application of the antiviral lotion to the face and optionally the body.
- Figure 1 shows GRFT containing lotion inhibition of coronavirus infection of Vero cells.
- SARS-CoV-2 was incubated with the GRFT containing lotion prior to the infection of Vero cells. After 72 hours of tissue culture the viral infection of cells was measured by luminescence detection. Bars represent mean ⁇ standard deviation of 2 independent experiments.
- B The experiment above was repeated using MERS-CoV virus. Note that CL means the cell control i.e. the background reading.
- the current invention relates to an antiviral lotion comprising birithsin (GRFT).
- the current invention further relates to a process for producing said antiviral lotion, and to use of the antiviral lotion as an antiviral agent.
- GRFT griffithsin
- the applicant has developed an antiviral lotion that is safe and non-irritating, and effective against enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV that can be used on sensitive areas of the body, including the face.
- coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV that can be used on sensitive areas of the body, including the face.
- the antiviral lotion comprises or consists of the following ingredients:
- one or more emollients including coconut oil
- one or more preservatives including Euxyl PE9010;
- buffers including sodium hydroxide (NaOH);
- diluents including water, such as de-ionised water;
- (ix) optionally one or more fragrances and/or colourants.
- the antiviral lotion having 0.1 mg/ml GRFT was tested for stability under different conditions compared with a reference standard lotion, including performance of mechanical tests (Table 2), and an accelerated and visual stability test (Table 3). All mechanical tests were passed, with the antiviral lotion conforming to the stability of the reference standard lotion.
- the lotion skin irritation test was done at the Sefako Makgatho Health Science University (SMU) comparing the antiviral lotion having 0.1 mg/ml GRFT, with de ionised water as a negative control and a positive control lotion (1% sodium lauryl sulphate or SLS).
- SMU Sefako Makgatho Health Science University
- Controls and products were applied to the inner forearm of each volunteer in a randomized, blinded pattern at zero hours and repeated on the same position at 24 hours.
- a measured volume of control or product was placed in the respective chamber and the chamber attached to the forearm. Products were tested using specially designed aluminium Finn Chambers on Scanpore ® tape for occluded sites or modified Hilltop chambers for unoccluded sites as set out in Table 4 below. The patches were observed at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after application. Patch areas were covered with the chambers for the first 2 x 23 hours, thereafter the chambers were removed.
- the antiviral lotion was formulated according to Table 1 above to contain the lectin griffithsin (GRFT) at concentrations of 0.1 , 0.03, 0.01 , 0.003, and 0.001 mg/ml (w/v). These lotions formulations were used in a viral inhibition assay by incubating them with either SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV before the infection of cells.
- GRFT lectin griffithsin
- the antiviral lotion containing GRFT ICso for the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 was calculated to be 0.033 mg/ml.
- the antiviral lotion was potently inhibitory to MERS-CoV ( Figure 1 B) with an ICso value of 0.023 mg/ml.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne une lotion antivirale efficace contre les virus enveloppés, notamment les coronavirus, comprenant de la griffithsine (GRFT). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de production de ladite lotion antivirale, et l'utilisation de ladite lotion antivirale en tant qu'agent antiviral contre les virus enveloppés, notamment les coronavirus.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA2021/03412 | 2021-05-20 | ||
| ZA202103412 | 2021-05-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2022243843A1 true WO2022243843A1 (fr) | 2022-11-24 |
Family
ID=82019255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2022/054540 WO2022243843A1 (fr) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-05-16 | Lotion antivirale |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2022243843A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160339076A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-11-24 | The Population Council, Inc. | Combination product for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections |
| WO2021222965A1 (fr) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | Ess Holding Gmbh | Lectine se liant au mannose pour le traitement ou la prophylaxie de maladies inflammatoires |
| WO2021236672A2 (fr) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-25 | University Of Louisville Research Foundation, Inc. | Compositions et méthodes de prévention d'infection à coronavirus |
| WO2022029604A1 (fr) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-10 | Council For Scientific And Industrial Research | Système d'administration de médicament de type microémulsion pour le traitement du syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë |
-
2022
- 2022-05-16 WO PCT/IB2022/054540 patent/WO2022243843A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160339076A1 (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-11-24 | The Population Council, Inc. | Combination product for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections |
| WO2021222965A1 (fr) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | Ess Holding Gmbh | Lectine se liant au mannose pour le traitement ou la prophylaxie de maladies inflammatoires |
| WO2021236672A2 (fr) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-25 | University Of Louisville Research Foundation, Inc. | Compositions et méthodes de prévention d'infection à coronavirus |
| WO2022029604A1 (fr) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-10 | Council For Scientific And Industrial Research | Système d'administration de médicament de type microémulsion pour le traitement du syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| KRAMZER LINDSAY F ET AL: "Preformulation Characterization of Griffithsin, a Biopharmaceutical Candidate for HIV Prevention", AAPS PHARMSCITECH, SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING, CHAM, vol. 22, no. 3, 24 February 2021 (2021-02-24), XP037445282, DOI: 10.1208/S12249-021-01931-0 * |
| MORI T ET AL: "ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRIFFITHSIN, A NOVEL HIV-INACTIVATING PROTEIN, FROM THE RED ALGA GRIFFITHSIA SP", JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, US, vol. 280, no. 10, 11 March 2005 (2005-03-11), pages 9345 - 9353, XP009061538, ISSN: 0021-9258, DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M411122200 * |
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