WO2022241972A1 - Method for recovering stored ore when transitioning from caving method to filling method - Google Patents
Method for recovering stored ore when transitioning from caving method to filling method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022241972A1 WO2022241972A1 PCT/CN2021/116006 CN2021116006W WO2022241972A1 WO 2022241972 A1 WO2022241972 A1 WO 2022241972A1 CN 2021116006 W CN2021116006 W CN 2021116006W WO 2022241972 A1 WO2022241972 A1 WO 2022241972A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of underground mine mining, and in particular relates to a method for recovering uncollapsed ore deposits on the ground surface during the mining process from the bottom-pillar subsection caving method to the filling method.
- Cavern ore resources refer to the ore resources left in the stope after the mining stope is completed.
- the main ore resources in the cavern for the caving method to filling method include triangular ore pillars and ore overburden.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to safely and effectively recover the ore resources of the cavern, and to provide a cavern deposit in the process of converting the caving method to the filling method with good safety, simple construction technology and low engineering cost.
- the recovery method of the mine can fully solve the problem of resource loss left by the caving method to the filling mining method, recover the upper left ore resources to the maximum extent, prolong the service life of the mine, and at the same time carry out safe treatment of the goaf, realizing the caving
- the smooth transition to the filling method eliminates the safety hazards in the mining of ore deposits.
- the goaf is divided into 3 panels, namely I panel, II panel and III panel.
- the length of the panel is 40-60m.
- Inter-panel pillars are set between the panels, and the width of the inter-panel columns is 8-15m; the original ore-exit approach is used as the ore-collecting trench for the recovery of ore deposits, and a new mine roadway is excavated at the footwall of the ore body.
- the ore-collecting trench, the ore-loading approach, and the ore-exit alleyway are at the same level.
- the ore-exiting roadway is arranged as a new ore-cutting ditch, and the original section-along-vein transportation lane is used as a new ore-exiting roadway.
- step 1) Carry out circulation according to step 1) and step 2); if the ore body footwall still has deposits of ore resources, then add a new collection of ore cutting trenches, a new ore-out roadway, and segmental along-vein transportation lanes in the ore body footwall ;
- the inter-panel recovery sequence of the Cunlong Mine is: recovery step by step along the ore body trend, mining one at a time, mining panel I first, then panel III, and finally panel II; Mining is carried out from the upper wall of the ore body to the lower wall of the ore body, and the vertical direction adopts bottom-up mining step by step, and multiple ore loading routes in the stope recover ore at the same time;
- the ore-out joint roadway, the new ore-out joint roadway, the ore-collecting ditch, the new-set ore-cut ditch and the segmental transport roadway along the vein are all arranged at the footwall of the ore body.
- a method for recovering the cave ore in the process of converting the caving method to the filling method of the present invention has the following positive effects:
- Fig. 1 is the section view of the engineering layout of the original caving method
- Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the layout of the ore recovery project in the storage hole of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a layout plan view of the ore recovery project of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 the section drawing of the layout of the ore recovery project in the cavern and in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 can be seen that a kind of recovery method of the cavern mine in the process of changing the caving method to the filling method of the present invention, the original section along the vein The transportation lane 10, the stage along the vein transportation lane 12 and the original ore-exit approach road 4 all belong to the original project, and the original project should be reduced as much as possible during the mining design of the cavern mine.
- the following processes are used to recover the cavern ore during the process of changing from the caving method to the filling method:
- the goaf 8 is divided into three panels, namely, I panel 17, II panel 18, and III panel 19, and the length of the panels is 40 ⁇ 60m, the inter-panel column 13 is set between the adjacent panels, and the width of the inter-panel column 13 is 8-15m;
- the original ore-exiting route 4 is used as the ore-collecting trench 1 for the recovery of ore storage, and the ore body footwall Newly excavated mining lane 3, arrange an ore loading approach 2 every 10-15m along the ore body in the mining lane 3, and the ore loading approach 2 obliquely intersects with the ore lane 3;
- Lane 3 carries out mining to the deposit hole mine in the ore-collecting ditch 1;
- the ore-exiting lane 3 is arranged as the new ore-cutting ditch 1', and the original section-along-vein transportation lane 10 is used as the new ore-exiting lane 3'.
- the ore-out joint lane 3, the new mine-out joint lane 3', the ore-collecting ditch 1, the new-set ore-cut ditch 1' and the segmental along-vein transportation lane 11 are all arranged at the footwall of the ore body;
- step 1) Carry out circulation according to step 1) and step 2); if there are still cave ore resources in the footwall of the ore body, then add a new ore cutting ditch 1', a new mining roadway 3' and subsections in the footwall of the ore body Along the vein transportation lane 11;
- the inter-panel recovery sequence of the Cunlong Mine is: recovery step by step along the ore body trend, mining one at a time, first mining panel I panel 17, then mining III panel 19, and finally mining II panel 18; Mining is carried out from the upper wall of the ore body to the lower wall of the ore body, and the vertical direction adopts bottom-up mining step by step, and multiple ore loading routes 2 in the stope recover ore at the same time;
- the ore in the ore-collecting trench 1 is recovered by using a scraper in the ore loading route 2; In 4, carry out fan-shaped medium-deep hole blasting recovery, and then use the ore loading approach 2 to carry out mining of the formed ore-collecting trench 1.
- the layered filling body 9 can be used as an artificial false roof for deep mining after cementation, and can also be used as an ore covering layer 7 for upper ore mining, which can effectively suppress and avoid ground pressure and reduce the exposed area of the empty area; the filling body 9 After complete cementation, continue mining the upper part of the filling body 9 until the mining ends.
- the vein-piercing roadway 5 is arranged in the panel interval column 13 and communicates with the segmental vein-alonging roadway 11; the ore body boundary line 14 is the industrial grade boundary line of the ore body;
- the mining method is adopted; the middle section 15 of the filling mining method is located at the lower part of the middle section 16 of the caving method mining method, and the filling method is used for mining.
- the present invention can recover the ore stored in the empty area, improve the recovery rate of the ore, effectively reduce the loss of ore resources, prolong the service life of the mine, reduce the cost per ton of ore, and increase the profit of the enterprise;
- the setting of the isolation layer in the filling mining method can safely handle the goaf and eliminate the safety hazards of the goaf.
- the present invention has been successfully applied to the recovery of ore deposits in a certain iron mine. According to statistics, the comprehensive recovery rate of ore resources recovered by using the present invention is 76%, and the average annual comprehensive recovery of ore is 300,000 tons.
- the service life of the mine is 1 to 2 years, and the efficient recovery of ore resources stored in the tunnel from the non-pillar segmental caving method to the filling mining method has been realized, and the safety hazards in the goaf have been gradually eliminated.
Abstract
A method for recovering stored ore when transitioning from a caving method to a filling method. When transitioning from a caving mining method to a filling mining method, an ore outgoing road (4), an original subsection ore drift transportation roadway (10), a stage ore drift transportation roadway (12) and other projects of the original caving method are used to recover ore resources stored in a previous subsection. Inter-panel pillars (13) are arranged along the strike of an ore body. Mining is carried out step by step at panel intervals, and is carried out from an upper panel to a lower panel in the panels. Recovery is carried out step by step from bottom to top in the vertical direction, and recovery is carried out simultaneously for a plurality of ore loading routes (2) in a stope. After two to three layers are recovered in a panel, same are immediately organized and filled as an artificial false roof for deep mining and an ore covering layer (7) in the upper part of an empty region. Once a body to be filled is completely cemented, the upper part of a layer is then recovered. The described method efficiently recovers stored ore resources when transitioning from the caving method to the filling method, improves the safety of the recovery of stored ore, eliminates safety hazards in a mining region, and prolongs the service lifespan of the mine.
Description
本发明属于地下矿山开采技术领域，具体涉及一种无底柱分段崩落法转充填法采矿过程中地表未塌陷的存窿矿的回收方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mine mining, and in particular relates to a method for recovering uncollapsed ore deposits on the ground surface during the mining process from the bottom-pillar subsection caving method to the filling method.
近年来，随着矿山开采技术和充填技术的快速发展，国家环保政策的要求的提高，特别是无底柱分段崩落法采矿导致地表与围岩崩落，对地表环境负面影响大，崩落法转充填法开采已经成为政策和技术发展的必然要求。In recent years, with the rapid development of mining technology and filling technology, the requirements of national environmental protection policies have been increased, especially the sub-level caving method without pillars, which leads to the collapse of the ground surface and surrounding rock, which has a great negative impact on the surface environment. The filling method mining has become an inevitable requirement of policy and technology development.
无底柱分段崩落法转充填法的过程中，原采场往往存在大量的存窿矿石资源，尤其是对于顶底板围岩稳固性较好，地表还未塌陷，覆盖层主要为矿石的矿山。存窿矿石资源是指矿山采场回采工作结束后残留于采场的矿石资源，崩落法转充填法主要的存窿矿石资源有三角矿柱和矿石覆盖层。目前，现有的技术方法无法对崩落法转充填法采矿中的存窿矿石资源进行安全有效的回收及安全处理。In the process of transforming the sub-level caving method without pillars into the filling method, there are often a large number of cave ore resources in the original stope, especially for mines where the roof and floor surrounding rocks are relatively stable, the surface has not yet collapsed, and the overburden is mainly ore . Cavern ore resources refer to the ore resources left in the stope after the mining stope is completed. The main ore resources in the cavern for the caving method to filling method include triangular ore pillars and ore overburden. At present, the existing technical methods cannot carry out safe and effective recovery and safe treatment of the ore resources stored in caverns in caving-filling mining.
因此，亟需解决无底柱分段崩落法转充填法采矿过程中地表未塌陷的存窿矿的回收利用技术难题，使存窿矿石资源得到高效、安全回收，提高矿山的资源利用率。Therefore, there is an urgent need to solve the technical problem of recycling the uncollapsed ore deposits on the surface in the process of changing from the sub-level caving method to the filling method, so that the deposit ore resources can be recovered efficiently and safely, and the resource utilization rate of the mine can be improved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是针对现有技术存在的无法对存窿矿石资源进行安全有效回收的技术难题，而提供一种安全性好、施工工艺简便、工程费用低的崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法，能够充分解决崩落法转充填采矿法所遗留的资源损失的问题，最大限度回采上部遗留矿石资源，延长矿山的服务年限，同时又能对采空区进行安全处理，实现了崩落向充填法的平稳过渡，消除了存窿矿石回采中的安全隐患。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to safely and effectively recover the ore resources of the cavern, and to provide a cavern deposit in the process of converting the caving method to the filling method with good safety, simple construction technology and low engineering cost. The recovery method of the mine can fully solve the problem of resource loss left by the caving method to the filling mining method, recover the upper left ore resources to the maximum extent, prolong the service life of the mine, and at the same time carry out safe treatment of the goaf, realizing the caving The smooth transition to the filling method eliminates the safety hazards in the mining of ore deposits.
为实现本发明的上述目的，本发明一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法采用以下技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, a kind of recovery method of depositing hole ore in the process of a kind of caving method of the present invention to filling method adopts the following technical solutions:
1)根据采空区的走向、长度及围岩强度情况将采空区划分为3个盘区，即I盘区、II盘区、III盘区，盘区长度为40～60m，相邻的盘区之间留设盘区间柱，盘区间柱宽度为8～15m；利用原出矿进路作为存窿矿回收的集矿堑沟，在矿体下盘新掘出矿联巷，在出矿联巷内沿矿体走向每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路，装矿进路与出矿联巷斜交；利用出矿联巷对集矿堑沟中的存窿矿进行回采；所述的集矿堑沟、装矿进路、出矿联巷位于同一水平。1) According to the direction, length and surrounding rock strength of the goaf, the goaf is divided into 3 panels, namely I panel, II panel and III panel. The length of the panel is 40-60m. Inter-panel pillars are set between the panels, and the width of the inter-panel columns is 8-15m; the original ore-exit approach is used as the ore-collecting trench for the recovery of ore deposits, and a new mine roadway is excavated at the footwall of the ore body. Arrange an ore-loading approach every 10-15m along the ore body in the mine roadway, and the ore-loading road is obliquely intersected with the ore-exit roadway; use the ore-out roadway to mine the deposits in the ore-collecting trench; The ore-collecting trench, the ore-loading approach, and the ore-exit alleyway are at the same level.
2)待集矿堑沟中的存窿矿回采结束，将出矿联巷布置为新集矿堑沟，原分段沿脉运输巷作为新出矿联巷，在新出矿联巷内每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路，装矿进路与新出矿联巷斜交，利用新出矿联巷对新集堑沟中的存窿矿进行回采；2) After the mining of the deposit ore in the ore-collecting ditch is completed, the ore-exiting roadway is arranged as a new ore-cutting ditch, and the original section-along-vein transportation lane is used as a new ore-exiting roadway. Arrange an ore-loading approach every 10-15m, and the ore-loading approach is obliquely intersected with the new ore exit roadway, and the deposit hole in the Xinji trench is mined by using the new ore exit roadway;
3)依步骤1)、步骤2)进行循环；如矿体下盘仍有存窿矿资源，则在矿体下盘再增加新集矿堑沟、新出矿巷道和分段沿脉运输巷；3) Carry out circulation according to step 1) and step 2); if the ore body footwall still has deposits of ore resources, then add a new collection of ore cutting trenches, a new ore-out roadway, and segmental along-vein transportation lanes in the ore body footwall ;
4)存窿矿的盘区间回收顺序为：沿矿体走向分步骤回收，隔一采一，先采盘区I盘区，再采III盘区，最后回采II盘区；盘区内由矿体上盘向矿体下盘进行回采，竖直方向采用自下而上逐分段回采，采场内多个装矿进路同时回收矿石；4) The inter-panel recovery sequence of the Cunlong Mine is: recovery step by step along the ore body trend, mining one at a time, mining panel I first, then panel III, and finally panel II; Mining is carried out from the upper wall of the ore body to the lower wall of the ore body, and the vertical direction adopts bottom-up mining step by step, and multiple ore loading routes in the stope recover ore at the same time;
5)对于矿石覆盖层的矿石资源利用铲运机在装矿进路中对集矿堑沟中的矿石进行回采；三角矿柱的矿石资源在下个分段的原出矿进路中进行凿扇形中深孔爆破回收，随后再利用装矿进路对形成的集矿堑沟进行回采。5) For the ore resources of the ore covering layer, use the scraper to mine the ore in the ore-collecting ditch in the ore-loading route; the ore resources of the triangular ore pillar are chiseled in the original ore-out route of the next segment. Medium and deep hole blasting is used for recovery, and then the ore-loading route is used to recover the formed ore-collecting trench.
为安全高效回采三角矿柱和矿石覆盖层等存窿矿石资源，盘区内回收2～3个分层后立即采用全尾砂对采空区进行胶结充填，形成充填体；待充填体完全胶结后，继续回采充填体上部分层。In order to safely and efficiently recover ore resources such as triangular ore pillars and ore overburden layers, after recovering 2 to 3 layers in the panel, immediately use all tailings to fill the goaf with cementation to form a filling body; after the filling body is completely cemented After that, continue to recover the upper part of the filling body.
所述出矿联巷、新出矿联巷、集矿堑沟、新集矿堑沟及分段沿 脉运输巷工程均在矿体下盘布置。The ore-out joint roadway, the new ore-out joint roadway, the ore-collecting ditch, the new-set ore-cut ditch and the segmental transport roadway along the vein are all arranged at the footwall of the ore body.
本发明一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法采用以上技术方案后，具体表现为以下积极效果：After adopting the above technical scheme, a method for recovering the cave ore in the process of converting the caving method to the filling method of the present invention has the following positive effects:
(1)能够免除无底柱分段崩落法转充填采矿方法中安全隔离层矿柱的留设，减少资源损失；(1) It can avoid the setting of safety isolation layer ore pillars in the non-pillar segmental caving method to filling mining method, and reduce resource loss;
(2)能够对崩落法采矿产生的三角矿柱和矿石覆盖层存窿矿石资源进行安全高效的回收，最大限度回采了采空区中的矿石资源，延长矿山服务年限，经济效益显著；(2) It can safely and efficiently recover the ore resources of the triangular ore pillars and ore overburden holes produced by caving mining, maximize the recovery of ore resources in the goaf, extend the service life of the mine, and have significant economic benefits;
(3)回收结束后采用全尾砂对采空区分步骤胶结充填，消除了采空区的安全隐患，安全效果显著。(3) After the recovery, the whole tailings are used to cement and fill the goaf in different steps, which eliminates the safety hazards of the goaf, and the safety effect is remarkable.
图1是原崩落法工程布置剖面图；Fig. 1 is the section view of the engineering layout of the original caving method;
图2是本发明对存窿矿石回收工程布置剖面图；Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the layout of the ore recovery project in the storage hole of the present invention;
图3是本发明存窿矿石回收工程布置平面图。Fig. 3 is a layout plan view of the ore recovery project of the present invention.
图中标记为：1-集矿堑沟；1’-新集矿堑沟；2-装矿进路；3-出矿联巷；3’-新出矿联巷；4-原出矿进路；5-穿脉巷；6-三角矿柱；7-矿石覆盖层；8-采空区；9-充填体；10-原分段沿脉运输巷、11-分段沿脉运输巷；12-阶段沿脉运输巷；13-盘区间柱；14-矿体边界线；15-充填采矿法回采中段；16-崩落法采矿中段；17-I盘区；18-II盘区；19-III盘区。Marked in the picture: 1-Mine-collecting ditch; 1'-Xinji-cutting ditch; 2-Ore loading approach; 3-Mine exit roadway; Road; 5-piercing vein roadway; 6-triangular ore pillar; 7-ore overburden; 8-goaf; 9-filling body; 10-original section along vein transportation lane, 11-subsection along vein transportation lane; 12-Stage along vein transportation roadway; 13-Panel interval column; 14-Ore body boundary line; 15-Fill mining method middle section; 16-Caving method mining middle section; 17-I panel area; 18-II panel area; 19- III panels.
为更好地描述本发明，下面结合附图对本发明一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法做进一步详细描述。In order to describe the present invention better, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of recovery method of deposit hole ore in the process of changing from caving method to filling method according to the present invention will be further described in detail.
由图2所示的本发明对存窿矿石回收工程布置剖面图并结合图2、图1看出，本发明一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法，原分段沿脉运输巷10、阶段沿脉运输巷12和原出矿进路4均属于原有工程，存窿矿回采设计时尽可能利原有工程减少工程量。具体采 用以下工艺对崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿进行回采：By the present invention shown in Fig. 2, the section drawing of the layout of the ore recovery project in the cavern and in conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 can be seen that a kind of recovery method of the cavern mine in the process of changing the caving method to the filling method of the present invention, the original section along the vein The transportation lane 10, the stage along the vein transportation lane 12 and the original ore-exit approach road 4 all belong to the original project, and the original project should be reduced as much as possible during the mining design of the cavern mine. Specifically, the following processes are used to recover the cavern ore during the process of changing from the caving method to the filling method:
1)根据采空区8的走向、长度及围岩强度情况将采空区8划分为3个盘区，即I盘区17、II盘区18、III盘区19，盘区长度为40～60m，相邻的盘区之间留设盘区间柱13，盘区间柱13宽度为8～15m；利用原出矿进路4作为存窿矿回收的集矿堑沟1，在矿体下盘新掘出矿联巷3，在出矿联巷3内沿矿体走向每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路2，装矿进路2与出矿联巷3斜交；利用出矿联巷3对集矿堑沟1中的存窿矿进行回采；1) According to the direction, length and surrounding rock strength of the goaf 8, the goaf 8 is divided into three panels, namely, I panel 17, II panel 18, and III panel 19, and the length of the panels is 40~ 60m, the inter-panel column 13 is set between the adjacent panels, and the width of the inter-panel column 13 is 8-15m; the original ore-exiting route 4 is used as the ore-collecting trench 1 for the recovery of ore storage, and the ore body footwall Newly excavated mining lane 3, arrange an ore loading approach 2 every 10-15m along the ore body in the mining lane 3, and the ore loading approach 2 obliquely intersects with the ore lane 3; Lane 3 carries out mining to the deposit hole mine in the ore-collecting ditch 1;
2)待集矿堑沟1中的存窿矿回采结束，将出矿联巷3布置为新集矿堑沟1’，原分段沿脉运输巷10作为新出矿联巷3’，在新出矿联巷3’内每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路2，装矿进路2与新出矿联巷3’斜交，利用新出矿联巷3’对新集堑沟1’中的存窿矿进行回采；2) When the mining of the deposits in the ore-collecting ditch 1 is completed, the ore-exiting lane 3 is arranged as the new ore-cutting ditch 1', and the original section-along-vein transportation lane 10 is used as the new ore-exiting lane 3'. Arrange an ore-loading approach 2 every 10-15m within 3' of the new ore-exiting lane. 1' in the deposit hole ore for back mining;
所述出矿联巷3、新出矿联巷3’、集矿堑沟1、新集矿堑沟1’及分段沿脉运输巷11工程均在矿体下盘布置；The ore-out joint lane 3, the new mine-out joint lane 3', the ore-collecting ditch 1, the new-set ore-cut ditch 1' and the segmental along-vein transportation lane 11 are all arranged at the footwall of the ore body;
3)依步骤1)、步骤2)进行循环；如矿体下盘仍有存窿矿资源，则在矿体下盘再增加新集矿堑沟1’、新出矿巷道3’和分段沿脉运输巷11；3) Carry out circulation according to step 1) and step 2); if there are still cave ore resources in the footwall of the ore body, then add a new ore cutting ditch 1', a new mining roadway 3' and subsections in the footwall of the ore body Along the vein transportation lane 11;
4)存窿矿的盘区间回收顺序为：沿矿体走向分步骤回收，隔一采一，先采盘区I盘区17，再采III盘区19，最后回采II盘区18；盘区内由矿体上盘向矿体下盘进行回采，竖直方向采用自下而上逐分段回采，采场内多个装矿进路2同时回收矿石；4) The inter-panel recovery sequence of the Cunlong Mine is: recovery step by step along the ore body trend, mining one at a time, first mining panel I panel 17, then mining III panel 19, and finally mining II panel 18; Mining is carried out from the upper wall of the ore body to the lower wall of the ore body, and the vertical direction adopts bottom-up mining step by step, and multiple ore loading routes 2 in the stope recover ore at the same time;
5)对于矿石覆盖层7的矿石资源利用铲运机在装矿进路2中对集矿堑沟1中的矿石进行回采；三角矿柱6的矿石资源在下个分段的原出矿进路4中进行凿扇形中深孔爆破回收，随后再利用装矿进路2对形成的集矿堑沟1进行回采。5) For the ore resources of the ore cover layer 7, the ore in the ore-collecting trench 1 is recovered by using a scraper in the ore loading route 2; In 4, carry out fan-shaped medium-deep hole blasting recovery, and then use the ore loading approach 2 to carry out mining of the formed ore-collecting trench 1.
6)为安全高效回采三角矿柱6和矿石覆盖层7等存窿矿石资源， 盘区内回收2～3个分层后立即采用全尾砂对采空区8进行胶结充填，形成充填体9，分层的充填体9胶结后可作为深部开采的人工假顶，也可作为上部矿石回采的矿石覆盖层7，能够有效抑制和避免地压情况出现，减少空区暴露面积；待充填体9完全胶结后，继续回采充填体9上部分层，直至回采结束。6) In order to safely and efficiently recover ore resources such as the triangular ore pillar 6 and the ore overburden layer 7, after recovering 2 to 3 layers in the panel area, immediately use the whole tailings to cement the goaf 8 to form a filling body 9 , the layered filling body 9 can be used as an artificial false roof for deep mining after cementation, and can also be used as an ore covering layer 7 for upper ore mining, which can effectively suppress and avoid ground pressure and reduce the exposed area of the empty area; the filling body 9 After complete cementation, continue mining the upper part of the filling body 9 until the mining ends.
穿脉巷5布置在盘区间柱13内并与分段沿脉运输巷11联通；矿体边界线14为矿体的工业品位界线；崩落法采矿中段16位于两个阶段沿脉运输巷12之间，采用崩落法采矿；充填采矿法回采中段15位于崩落法采矿中段16的下部，采用充填法采矿。The vein-piercing roadway 5 is arranged in the panel interval column 13 and communicates with the segmental vein-alonging roadway 11; the ore body boundary line 14 is the industrial grade boundary line of the ore body; During the caving method, the mining method is adopted; the middle section 15 of the filling mining method is located at the lower part of the middle section 16 of the caving method mining method, and the filling method is used for mining.
本发明能够将空区内的存窿矿石进行回收，提高矿石的回采率，能够有效减少矿石资源的损失，延长矿山服务年限，降低吨矿成本，增加企业效益；此外，本发明能够减免崩落转充填采矿方法过程中隔离层的留设，能够对采空区进行安全处理，消除采空区的安全隐患。The present invention can recover the ore stored in the empty area, improve the recovery rate of the ore, effectively reduce the loss of ore resources, prolong the service life of the mine, reduce the cost per ton of ore, and increase the profit of the enterprise; The setting of the isolation layer in the filling mining method can safely handle the goaf and eliminate the safety hazards of the goaf.
本发明成功应用于某铁矿存窿矿石回收，据统计，使用本发明回收存窿矿石资源的综合回收率为76％，年均综合回收矿石量30万吨，经济效益9000余万元/年，延长矿山服务年限1～2年，实现了无底柱分段崩落法转充填采矿法存窿矿石资源的高效回收，并逐渐消除了采空区的安全隐患。The present invention has been successfully applied to the recovery of ore deposits in a certain iron mine. According to statistics, the comprehensive recovery rate of ore resources recovered by using the present invention is 76%, and the average annual comprehensive recovery of ore is 300,000 tons. The service life of the mine is 1 to 2 years, and the efficient recovery of ore resources stored in the tunnel from the non-pillar segmental caving method to the filling mining method has been realized, and the safety hazards in the goaf have been gradually eliminated.
Claims (3)
- 一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法，其特征在于采用以下技术方案：A method for recovering cavern ore in the process of converting from caving method to filling method, characterized in that the following technical scheme is adopted:1)根据采空区(8)的走向、长度及围岩强度情况将采空区(8)划分为3个盘区，即I盘区(17)、II盘区(18)、III盘区(19)，盘区长度为40～60m，相邻的盘区之间留设盘区间柱(13)，盘区间柱(13)宽度为8～15m；利用原出矿进路(4)作为存窿矿回收的集矿堑沟(1)，在矿体下盘新掘出矿联巷(3)，在出矿联巷(3)内沿矿体走向每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路(2)，装矿进路(2)与出矿联巷(3)斜交；利用出矿联巷(3)对集矿堑沟(1)中的存窿矿进行回采；1) Divide the goaf (8) into three panels according to the direction, length and surrounding rock strength of the goaf (8), namely the I panel (17), the II panel (18), and the III panel (19), the length of the panel area is 40-60m, and the panel interval column (13) is reserved between the adjacent panel areas, and the width of the panel interval column (13) is 8-15m; The ore-gathering trench (1) for the recovery of the ore deposits, newly excavated ore roadway (3) at the footwall of the ore body, and an ore-loading roadway (3) is arranged every 10-15m along the ore body direction in the ore body roadway (3). Approach (2), ore-loading approach (2) obliquely intersects with the ore-exiting lane (3); utilizes the ore-exiting lane (3) to mine the deposit ore in the ore-collecting ditch (1);2)待集矿堑沟(1)中的存窿矿回采结束，将出矿联巷(3)布置为新集矿堑沟(1’)，原分段沿脉运输巷(10)作为新出矿联巷(3’)，在新出矿联巷(3’)内每隔10～15m布置一条装矿进路(2)，装矿进路(2)与新出矿联巷(3’)斜交，利用新出矿联巷(3’)对新集堑沟(1’)中的存窿矿进行回采；2) After the mining of the cavern ore in the ore-collecting ditch (1) is completed, the ore-exiting lane (3) is arranged as the new ore-collecting ditch (1'), and the original section-along-vein transport lane (10) is used as the new In the new ore outlet (3'), an ore loading approach (2) is arranged every 10 to 15m, and the ore loading approach (2) is connected to the new ore outlet (3 ') oblique crossing, using the new ore-exiting roadway (3') to mine the deposit ore in the Xinji cutting ditch (1');3)依步骤1)、步骤2)进行循环；如矿体下盘仍有存窿矿资源，则在矿体下盘再增加新集矿堑沟(1’)、新出矿巷道(3’)和分段沿脉运输巷(11)；3) Carry out circulation according to step 1) and step 2); if there are still cave ore resources in the footwall of the ore body, add a new ore cutting trench (1') and a new mining roadway (3') in the footwall of the ore body ) and segmental along the vein transport lane (11);4)存窿矿的盘区间回收顺序为：沿矿体走向分步骤回收，隔一采一，先采盘区I盘区(17)，再采III盘区(19)，最后回采II盘区(18)；盘区内由矿体上盘向矿体下盘进行回采，竖直方向采用自下而上逐分段回采，采场内多个装矿进路(2)同时回收矿石；4) The inter-panel recovery sequence of the Cunlong Mine is: recovery step by step along the ore body trend, mining one at a time, first mining the panel I (17), then mining the III panel (19), and finally mining the II panel (18); In the panel area, mining is carried out from the ore body hanging wall to the ore body foot wall, and the vertical direction adopts segmental mining from bottom to top, and multiple ore loading approaches (2) in the stope recover ore at the same time;5)对于矿石覆盖层(7)的矿石资源利用铲运机在装矿进路(2)中对集矿堑沟(1)中的矿石进行回采；三角矿柱(6)的矿石资源在下个分段的原出矿进路(4)中进行凿扇形中深孔爆破回收，随后再利用装矿进路(2)对形成的集矿堑沟(1)进行回采。5) For the ore resources of the ore overburden (7), the ore in the ore-collecting ditch (1) is recovered in the ore loading approach (2) by a loader; In the sectioned original ore-exiting route (4), blasting recovery is carried out by digging fan-shaped middle and deep holes, and then the ore-loading route (2) is used to recover the formed ore-collecting trench (1).
- 如权利要求1所述的一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法，其特征在于：盘区内回收2～3个分层后立即采用全尾砂对采空区(8)进行胶结充填，形成充填体(9)；待充填体(9)完全胶结后，继续回采充填体(9)上部分层。A method for recovering cavern mines during the transition from caving method to filling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: immediately after recovering 2 to 3 layers in the panel area, the whole tailings are used to treat the goaf (8) Carry out cemented filling to form the filling body (9); after the filling body (9) is completely cemented, continue mining the upper layer of the filling body (9).
- 如权利要求1或2所述的一种崩落法转充填法过程中存窿矿的回收方法，其特征在于：所述出矿联巷(3)、新出矿联巷(3’)、集矿堑沟(1)、新集矿堑沟(1’)及分段沿脉运输巷(11)工程均在矿体下盘布置。A method for recovering deposits in the process of changing from caving method to filling method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the ore-exiting alleyway (3), the new ore-exiting alleyway (3'), the collection The mine trench (1), the Xinji mine trench (1') and the segmental along-vein transport roadway (11) are all arranged at the footwall of the ore body.
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