WO2022237110A1 - 氟掺杂锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
氟掺杂锂正极材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022237110A1 WO2022237110A1 PCT/CN2021/131509 CN2021131509W WO2022237110A1 WO 2022237110 A1 WO2022237110 A1 WO 2022237110A1 CN 2021131509 W CN2021131509 W CN 2021131509W WO 2022237110 A1 WO2022237110 A1 WO 2022237110A1
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- fluorine
- preparation
- lithium
- positive electrode
- electrode material
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium fluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].[F-] LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910018327 Ni0.25 Mn0.75 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910009055 Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 一种氟掺杂锂正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:步骤S1,将NH 4F、Li xNi yMn zO 2和水混合反应,得到中间产物体系,所述中间产物体系包括氟改性的所述Li xNi yMn zO 2,所述NH 4F与所述Li xNi yMn zO 2质量比为0.05~0.07:1;步骤S2,在第一含氧气体中,对所述氟改性的所述Li xNi yMn zO 2进行第一煅烧,得到所述氟掺杂锂正极材料,所述第一含氧气体中氧气的体积含量为10~100%,其中x=1~1.3,y=0.1~0.9,z=0.1~0.9,x:(y+z)=1.4~1.6。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1包括:步骤S1,在第一搅拌下,将NH 4F的水溶液和所述Li xNi yMn zO 2混合并发生所述反应,得到所述中间产物体系。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤S2之前,所述制备方法还包括:对所述中间产物体系进行过滤,得到所述氟改性的所述Li xNi yMn zO 2。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一煅烧的温度为400~800℃,时间为4~8h。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一含氧气体的流量为5~10L/min。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第一含氧气体为空气。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法还包括所述Li xNi yMn zO 2的制备过程,所述制备过程包括:在第二含氧气体中,对包含Ni aMn bCO 3前驱体和锂化物的原料体系进行第二煅烧,得到所述Li xNi yMn zO 2,其中a=0.1~0.9,b=0.1~0.9,a+b=1。
- 根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述锂化物中的锂的摩尔量和所述Ni aMn bCO 3前驱体中的镍和锰摩尔量总和的比值为1.4~1.6。
- 根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述锂化物选自氢氧化锂、碳酸锂和氯化锂、醋酸锂中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Ni aMn bCO 3前驱体粒径为5~10μm,优选所述Ni aMn bCO 3前驱体的比表面积为20~120m 2/g,优选所述Ni aMn bCO 3前驱体的堆密度为1.4~2.5g/cm 3。
- 根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第二煅烧的温度为750~850℃、时间为8~12h。
- 根据权利要求7或11所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述第二含氧气体中氧气的体积含量为10~100%,优选所述第二含氧气体为空气,优选所述第二含氧气体的流量为5~10L/min。
- 一种氟掺杂锂正极材料,其特征在于,所述氟掺杂锂正极材料由权利要求1至12中任一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
- 一种锂离子电池,包含电解液、正极材料和负极材料,所述正极材料包含锂正极材料,其特征在于,所述锂正极材料为权利要求13所述的氟掺杂锂正极材料。
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