WO2022230313A1 - 負荷駆動回路、電子制御装置および電子制御装置の制御方法 - Google Patents
負荷駆動回路、電子制御装置および電子制御装置の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022230313A1 WO2022230313A1 PCT/JP2022/006076 JP2022006076W WO2022230313A1 WO 2022230313 A1 WO2022230313 A1 WO 2022230313A1 JP 2022006076 W JP2022006076 W JP 2022006076W WO 2022230313 A1 WO2022230313 A1 WO 2022230313A1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/06—Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the configuration and control of a load drive circuit, and more particularly to a technique effectively applied to a load drive circuit having a switching circuit that selects a power supply voltage.
- ECUs Electronic Control Units
- NMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- a charge pump circuit for example, is always used as the booster circuit, the boosted voltage can be secured even in the low power supply voltage range, and stable operation can be guaranteed. I had a problem.
- Patent Document 1 In addition to the problem of increased power consumption due to the booster circuit when the power supply voltage is high, as in Patent Document 1, a drop in the power supply voltage (battery voltage in the case of a vehicle) is detected and a charge pump circuit is used. In the case of a configuration that uses a boosted voltage, there is concern about malfunction due to abrupt changes in battery voltage that are unique to vehicles.
- a seamless method that does not use a switch or a determination circuit is desirable for switching the voltage supplied to the circuit that drives and controls the high-side driver that uses N-type semiconductor elements such as NMOS.
- the object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable load drive circuit having a switching circuit for selecting a power supply voltage, which can seamlessly switch the power supply voltage without using a switch or a determination circuit.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an electronic control device and a control method for the electronic control device.
- the present invention includes a booster circuit that boosts an output from a power supply, and a voltage switching circuit that switches between the output from the power supply and the output from the booster circuit.
- the present invention includes a load drive circuit that drives and controls a load, and a microcontroller. is a high load drive circuit.
- the present invention also provides a control method for an electronic control device comprising a booster circuit for boosting an output from a power supply and a voltage switching circuit for switching between the output from the power supply and the output from the booster circuit, the method comprising: The output from the power supply and the output from the booster circuit are seamlessly switched according to the output voltage from the power supply and output to the load.
- a highly reliable load drive circuit capable of seamless switching of the power supply voltage without using a switch or a determination circuit, and a load drive circuit using the same.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional load drive circuit
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a load driving circuit according to Example 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing a load driving current in the configuration of FIG. 2
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a load drive circuit according to Example 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a load drive circuit according to Example 3 of the present invention
- 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a high side driver drive control circuit of FIG. 5
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a load drive circuit according to Example 4 of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a load drive circuit according to Example 5 of the present invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the electronic control unit which concerns on Example 6 of this invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic control unit according to Example 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional load drive circuit.
- a conventional load drive circuit drives a load 24 with an NMOS (M1) 23 source follower, as shown in FIG.
- the VGS voltage (the voltage between the gate and the source), that is, ((voltage of signal line 3)-(voltage of signal line 4)) is lowered from the gate voltage. It is a source follower that outputs the resulting voltage to the source terminal.
- the gate voltage generation circuit 22 supplies the gate voltage (the voltage of the signal line 3) so that the voltage of the signal line 4 output to the load 24 falls within a predetermined range.
- the output voltage (signal line 2) of the booster circuit 21 is connected to the drain terminal of the NMOS (M1) 23 in order to ensure operation even in a region where the output voltage of the power supply 20 is low.
- This conventional configuration can ensure stable operation even in a region where the output voltage of the power supply 20 is low.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the load drive circuit of this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing the load drive current in the configuration of FIG.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment is a circuit that reduces the current supplied from the booster circuit 21 in order to reduce power consumption, which is a problem in the conventional example.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment has an NMOS (M2) 25 in addition to the conventional configuration (FIG. 1).
- the gate terminal and source terminal of the NMOS (M2) 25 are commonly connected to the gate terminal and source terminal of the NMOS (M1) 23, respectively, and the drain terminal is connected to the output voltage (signal line 1) of the power supply 20.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment has a configuration in which source followers with different drain voltage supply sources are connected in parallel to the load 24 .
- the current for driving the load 24 is shared between the NMOS (M1) 23 and the NMOS (M2) 25, so the output current of the booster circuit 21, which is the current flowing through the NMOS (M1) 23, can be reduced.
- the ratio of sharing the current flowing through the NMOS (M1) 23 and the NMOS (M2) 25 can be changed by the element size, and the ratio of W/L (gate width/gate length) can be changed to that of the NMOS (M1) 23 rather than the NMOS (M1) 23. If the (M2) 25 is made larger, the current on the NMOS (M2) 25 side increases, and the current on the NMOS (M1) 23 can be further reduced.
- the driving current of the load 24 is borne by 1:3.
- the current value flowing through the NMOS (M1) 23 is four times different between the region where the output voltage of the power supply 20 is high and the region where it is low, but the current value in the MOS saturation region is proportional to (VGS-Vth) 2 . Therefore, the value of (VGS-Vth) is doubled.
- VGS is the gate-source voltage
- Vth is the MOS threshold voltage.
- VGS-Vth the value of (VGS-Vth) is, for example, 300 mV
- Vth does not change, so if the current increases fourfold, the VGS voltage increases by about 300 mV to 600 mV.
- the voltage output to the load 24 fluctuates depending on the NMOS element size of the source follower in the region where the output voltage of the power supply 20 is high and low, but the characteristics of the circuit used must be affected. No problem.
- power consumption can be reduced in a region where the output voltage of the power supply 20 is high by seamless switching without using a switch or a determination circuit.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment includes the booster circuit 21 that boosts the output from the power supply 20, and the voltage switching circuit 100 that seamlessly switches between the output from the power supply 20 and the output from the booster circuit 21.
- the voltage switching circuit 100 includes a first MOSFET (NMOS (M1) 23), a second MOSFET (NMOS (M2) 25), a first MOSFET (NMOS (M1) 23) and a second and a gate voltage generating circuit 22 for generating respective gate voltages of two MOSFETs (NMOS (M2) 25), the first MOSFET (NMOS (M1) 23) and the second MOSFET (NMOS (M2) 25) is connected to the gate voltage generating circuit 22, and the source terminals of the first MOSFET (NMOS (M1) 23) and the second MOSFET (NMOS (M2) 25) are connected to the same node.
- the drain terminal of the first MOSFET (NMOS (M1) 23) is connected to the output terminal of the booster circuit 21
- the drain terminal of the second MOSFET (NMOS (M2) 25) is connected to the output terminal of the power supply 20
- the output from the power supply 20 and the output from the booster circuit 21 are seamlessly switched according to the output voltage from the power supply 20 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the load drive circuit of this embodiment.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment has a diode 26 and a signal line 5 added to the configuration of the first embodiment (FIG. 2).
- the voltage switching circuit 100 is composed of the source follower of the NMOS (M1) 23, the source follower of the NMOS (M2) 25, the gate voltage generating circuit 22, and the diode 26.
- the diode 26 when the output voltage of the power supply 20 is low and the voltage of the signal line 4 is high, the current flows back from the signal line 4 to the signal line 1 via the NMOS (M2) 25. can be prevented.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the load drive circuit of this embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the high side driver drive control circuit of FIG.
- the load 24 of the second embodiment is embodied as a high side driver drive control circuit 27.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment has a high-side driver NMOS (M3) 28, a high-side driver drive control circuit 27, and a low-side driver NMOS (M4) 30, with the output voltage of the power supply 20 at Hi level and the GND at Lo level. , and a low-side driver drive control circuit 29 , which is a driver circuit for driving the second load 31 .
- M3 high-side driver NMOS
- M4 low-side driver NMOS
- a circuit including the voltage switching circuit 100 and the high side driver drive control circuit 27 is called a high side driver control circuit 101 .
- the entire circuit including the voltage switching circuit 100, the high side driver drive control circuit 27, the low side driver drive control circuit 29, the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28, and the low side driver NMOS (M4) 30 is called a driver circuit 102.
- an NMOS is used as an example of an N-type semiconductor element used as a high-side driver, but elements such as NPN bipolar transistors and IGBTs can also be used as N-type semiconductor elements.
- the high-side driver drive control circuit 27 sets the gate terminal (signal line 6) of the high-side driver NMOS (M3) 28 to a high voltage VGS voltage (gate-source voltage) based on the source terminal (signal line 8). It controls the side driver NMOS (M3) 28 .
- the High level of the VGS voltage is a current supplied from the output (signal line 4) of the voltage switching circuit 100 with reference to the source terminal (signal line 8), and is a voltage generated using the driving VGS voltage generation circuit 50. (signal line 55).
- the Lo level is the source terminal (signal line 8) voltage of the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28 .
- a high-side driver NMOS (M3) 28 is driven through an inverter circuit consisting of a PMOS 51 and an NMOS 52 and an inverter circuit consisting of a PMOS 53 and an NMOS 54 using the Hi level/Lo level of a transmission signal (signal line 56) from an external circuit as an input signal. on/off control signal (signal line 6).
- the voltage of the output (signal line 4) of the voltage switching circuit 100 is higher than the VGS voltage of the high-side driver NMOS (M3) 28. Therefore, the driving VGS voltage generation circuit
- the current required to generate a Hi level (signal line 55) at 50 can be supplied from the NMOS (M2) 25 side of the voltage switching circuit 100, and the current from the booster circuit 21 can be reduced.
- the voltage switching circuit 100 can reduce the current supplied from the booster circuit 21 only when the high-side driver NMOS (M3) 28 is turned off.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the load drive circuit of this embodiment.
- the load drive circuit of this embodiment is obtained by adding a constant voltage source 32 and a signal line 9 to the configuration of the third embodiment (FIG. 5).
- the load of the driver circuit is changed from the second load 31 to the third load 33. Also, the entire circuit including the constant voltage source 32 is shown as a driver circuit 103 . Others use the same symbols as in FIG. 5 for convenience.
- the constant voltage source 32 is a circuit that uses the power supply 20 to output a desired constant voltage.
- a constant voltage source that outputs a voltage lower than the output voltage of the power source 20 outputs a predetermined voltage in a region where the output voltage of the power source 20 is high. In a region where the output voltage of the power supply voltage 20 is low, if the output voltage of the power supply 20 is lower than the predetermined voltage, the predetermined voltage cannot be output. to output
- the difference from the third embodiment is that when the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28 is turned on, the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28 is turned on and the low side driver NMOS (M4) 30 is turned off. Then, the source terminal (signal line 8) voltage rises to the output voltage level of the constant voltage source 32, and the gate terminal (signal line 6) voltage requires a voltage higher by VGS.
- the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28 described in the third embodiment is turned off, even when the high side driver NMOS (M3) 28 is turned on, the constant voltage source 32 is sufficiently lower than the output voltage of the power supply 20, the current required to generate a Hi level (signal line 55) in the drive VGS voltage generation circuit 50 is the NMOS (M2) 25 of the voltage switching circuit 100. Current can be supplied from the side, and the current from the booster circuit 21 can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the load drive circuit of this embodiment.
- the on/off of the main switch NMOS (M5) 35 is controlled by the switching control circuit 34 in a feedback loop from the output voltage (signal line 12) via the error amplifier 40.
- a desired output voltage (signal line 12) is obtained from the output voltage of the second constant voltage source 41, and the fourth load 39 is driven.
- a switching circuit including the voltage switching circuit 100 and the switching control circuit 34 is denoted as 104, and an entire switching regulator including the switching circuit 104, the error amplifier 40 and the second constant voltage source 41 is denoted as 105.
- the second constant voltage source 41 has the same characteristics as the constant voltage source 32 shown in Example 4 (FIG. 7).
- the main switch NMOS (M5) 35 of the switching regulator 105 is a high side driver, and the switching control circuit 34 corresponds to the high side driver drive control circuit 27 of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 7).
- the source terminal voltage rises to the output voltage level of the second constant voltage source 41 when the NMOS (M5) 35 is on, and falls to (GND-VF voltage of the diode 36) when the NMOS (M5) 35 is off. .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the electronic control unit of this embodiment.
- the electronic control unit 200 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as ECU: Electronic Control Unit) equipped with the driver circuit 103 shown in, for example, the fourth embodiment (FIG. 7). is an in-vehicle ECU.
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- FIG. 9 shows an in-vehicle system composed of a power source 20 (corresponding to a battery) and an ECU 200.
- the ECU 200 includes a booster circuit 21 for boosting the output voltage of the power supply 20, a driver circuit 103 shown in FIG.
- the microcomputer 201 performs various controls using a plurality of input signals 202 and a plurality of output signals 203. Further, the driver circuit 103 is controlled by the control signal 204 to drive the load with the output of the driver circuit 103 (signal line 8: load drive signal).
- driver circuit 103 is used in this example, the driver circuit 102 shown in Example 3 (FIG. 5) can also be used.
- the ECU 200 is equipped with a plurality of high-side driver circuits, and the voltage switching circuit 100 can reduce power consumption.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the electronic control unit of this embodiment.
- the electronic control unit 200 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic control unit (ECU) equipped with the switching regulator 105 shown in, for example, the fifth embodiment (FIG. 8). ECU.
- ECU electronice control unit
- FIG. 10 shows an in-vehicle system composed of a power supply 20 (corresponding to a battery) and an ECU 200.
- the ECU 200 includes a booster circuit 21 for boosting the output voltage of the power supply 20, the switching regulator 105 shown in FIG.
- the output voltage (signal line 12) of the switching regulator 105 is supplied to the microcomputer 201 as a power supply voltage.
- a microcomputer 201 performs various controls using a plurality of input signals 202 and a plurality of output signals 203 .
- the ECU 200 of this embodiment is equipped with a switching regulator 105 and operates by controlling a main switch, which is a high-side driver circuit, and the voltage switching circuit 100 can reduce power consumption.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations.
- it is possible to replace part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 電源からの出力を昇圧する昇圧回路と、
前記電源からの出力および前記昇圧回路からの出力を切替する電圧切替回路と、を備え、
前記電圧切替回路は、第1のMOSFETと、第2のMOSFETと、前記第1のMOSFETおよび前記第2のMOSFETの各ゲート電圧を生成するゲート電圧生成回路と、を有し、
前記第1のMOSFETおよび前記第2のMOSFETの各ゲート端子は、前記ゲート電圧生成回路に接続され、
前記第1のMOSFETおよび前記第2のMOSFETの各ソース端子は同一ノードに接続され、
前記第1のMOSFETのドレイン端子は前記昇圧回路の出力端子に接続され、
前記第2のMOSFETのドレイン端子は前記電源の出力端子に接続され、
前記電源からの出力電圧に応じて、前記電源からの出力および前記昇圧回路からの出力をシームレスに切替する負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項1に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記電源と前記第2のMOSFETのドレイン端子との間に接続され、前記電源から前記第2のMOSFETのドレイン端子を順方向とするダイオードを備える負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項1に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記第1のMOSFETおよび前記第2のMOSFETの各素子サイズが異なる負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項3に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記第1のMOSFETに比べて、前記第2のMOSFETのゲート幅/ゲート長の比が大きい負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項1に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記電圧切替回路は、ハイサイドドライバ制御回路に搭載されている負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項5に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記ハイサイドドライバ制御回路が駆動するハイサイドドライバの電流供給元の電圧が、前記電源の出力電圧よりも低く、
前記ハイサイドドライバのオン動作時に、前記電源を供給元とする前記第2のMOSFET側からの電流で動作する負荷駆動回路。 - 請求項5に記載の負荷駆動回路であって、
前記ハイサイドドライバ制御回路は、スイッチング素子のスイッチング動作により入力直流電圧を目標の直流電圧に変換して出力するスイッチングレギュレータのスイッチング回路である負荷駆動回路。 - 負荷を駆動制御する負荷駆動回路と、
マイクロコントローラと、を備え、
前記負荷駆動回路は、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の負荷駆動回路である電子制御装置。 - 請求項8に記載の電子制御装置であって、
前記負荷駆動回路は、ハイサイドドライバ回路を有し、
前記ハイサイドドライバ回路を搭載したスイッチングレギュレータの出力電圧を、前記マイクロコントローラの電源供給元とする電子制御装置。 - 請求項8に記載の電子制御装置であって、
変速機の駆動システムまたはパワートレインの駆動システムに用いられる電子制御装置。 - 電源からの出力を昇圧する昇圧回路と、前記電源からの出力および前記昇圧回路からの出力を切替する電圧切替回路とを備える電子制御装置の制御方法であって、
前記電源からの出力電圧に応じて、前記電源からの出力および前記昇圧回路からの出力をシームレスに切替し、負荷へ出力する電子制御装置の制御方法。
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- 2022-02-16 WO PCT/JP2022/006076 patent/WO2022230313A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-02-16 CN CN202280028956.5A patent/CN117203895A/zh active Pending
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JP2008293490A (ja) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-12-04 | Commiss Energ Atom | 電子回路電源装置および電子回路 |
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CN117203895A (zh) | 2023-12-08 |
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