WO2022218084A1 - 涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法 - Google Patents

涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022218084A1
WO2022218084A1 PCT/CN2022/080888 CN2022080888W WO2022218084A1 WO 2022218084 A1 WO2022218084 A1 WO 2022218084A1 CN 2022080888 W CN2022080888 W CN 2022080888W WO 2022218084 A1 WO2022218084 A1 WO 2022218084A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
pole piece
piezoelectric
material layer
slurry
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PCT/CN2022/080888
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毕汉戎
张琦
张珍珍
杨发林
张盛武
Original Assignee
江苏时代新能源科技有限公司
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
时代上汽动力电池有限公司
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Publication of WO2022218084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218084A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0245—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to a moving work of indefinite length, e.g. to a moving web
    • B05C5/025—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to a moving work of indefinite length, e.g. to a moving web only at particular part of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10—Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1015—Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C15/00—Enclosures for apparatus; Booths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/027—Coating heads with several outlets, e.g. aligned transversally to the moving direction of a web to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery production, and in particular, to a coating unit, a coating device, a coating system and a coating method.
  • a rechargeable battery cell which can be called a secondary battery cell, refers to a battery cell that can activate active materials by charging and continue to be used after the battery cell is discharged.
  • Rechargeable battery cells are widely used in electronic devices, such as cell phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric vehicles, electric planes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy planes, and electric tools, among others.
  • the rechargeable battery cells may include nickel-cadmium cells, nickel-hydrogen cells, lithium-ion cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese cells, and the like.
  • the present application provides a coating unit, a coating device, a coating system and a coating method, which can spray a coating on a pole piece.
  • the present application provides a coating unit for the production of battery pole pieces.
  • the coating unit includes: a spraying member, having an accommodating cavity for accommodating the slurry; a piezoelectric member, connected to the spraying member; a control mechanism, electrically connected to the piezoelectric member, and the control mechanism is used to generate a voltage according to the information data of the battery pole piece signal and apply the voltage signal to the piezoelectric member.
  • the piezoelectric member is configured to squeeze the spray member according to the voltage signal applied thereto, so as to deform the accommodating cavity and spray the slurry.
  • the piezoelectric member is regularly deformed according to the voltage received, and then the spraying member is squeezed to deform the accommodating cavity of the spraying member.
  • the volume of the accommodating cavity of the spraying component is instantly reduced, so that the slurry in the accommodating cavity is quickly ejected, thereby forming a functional coating on the pole piece.
  • the coating unit can realize micron-level control of spray thickness and improve the thickness uniformity of functional coatings.
  • the piezoelectric member is sleeved on the spraying member and fixed to the spraying member.
  • the piezoelectric member is an annular structure, and when the piezoelectric member is deformed, it squeezes the spray member in the middle.
  • the piezoelectric member includes: a piezoelectric material layer surrounding the outer side of the spray member, and the piezoelectric material layer is configured to deform according to a voltage applied thereto; a first electrode layer disposed on the piezoelectric material between the material layer and the spraying member and connected to the piezoelectric material layer; and a second electrode layer disposed on the side of the piezoelectric material layer away from the first electrode layer and connected to the piezoelectric material layer.
  • the control mechanism is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer to generate a voltage difference on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer and form an electric field, and the electric field deforms the piezoelectric material.
  • the layer of piezoelectric material includes a piezoelectric ceramic.
  • the control mechanism includes: a voltage-controlled power source; a first electrode wire connecting the voltage-controlled power source and the first electrode layer; and a second electrode wire connecting the voltage-controlled power source and the second electrode layer.
  • the voltage control power supply is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer through the first electrode wire and the second electrode wire respectively, so as to apply an electric field on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer.
  • both ends of the accommodating cavity are open.
  • the opening at one end of the accommodating cavity is opposite to the pole piece and is used for spraying slurry towards the pole piece.
  • the opening at the other end of the accommodating cavity is used for communicating with the member for storing the slurry, so as to continuously replenish the slurry into the accommodating cavity.
  • the present application provides a coating device, which includes a coating mechanism, and the coating mechanism includes a plurality of coating units of the first aspect. Multiple coating units can be used to spray functional coatings of various shapes, which can improve the applicability of the coating device.
  • the coating mechanism includes: a first storage member having a first storage cavity for storing the slurry.
  • the spraying members of the plurality of coating units are connected to the first storage member, and the accommodating cavity communicates with the first storage chamber.
  • the first storage member may replenish the slurry to the plurality of spray members at the same time.
  • the coating mechanism includes: a second material storage member having a second material storage chamber for storing the slurry; a connecting pipeline to communicate the first material storage chamber and the second material storage chamber; and cleaning The pipeline is communicated with the first material storage chamber.
  • the second storage member is plural.
  • the plurality of second storage members are respectively used for storing different kinds of slurries.
  • the coating device further includes a first power mechanism connected to the coating mechanism, and the first power mechanism is used for driving the coating unit of the coating mechanism, so that the coating unit is close to or away from the battery pole piece.
  • the first power mechanism can adjust the distance between the coating unit and the pole piece to ensure the stability of the spraying process.
  • the coating device further includes a curing mechanism for curing the slurry sprayed on the battery pole pieces.
  • the curing mechanism includes an ultraviolet light irradiation component for emitting ultraviolet light toward the battery pole pieces.
  • the curing mechanism further includes a cooling assembly for cooling the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly.
  • the coating device further includes a second power mechanism, and the second power mechanism is used to drive the curing mechanism, so that the curing mechanism is close to or away from the battery pole piece.
  • the second power mechanism can adjust the distance between the curing mechanism and the pole piece to ensure the stability of the curing process
  • the present application provides a coating system comprising the coating device of the second aspect.
  • the coating system further includes: a detection module for detecting data information of the battery pole pieces; a processing module for receiving the data information detected by the detection module and controlling the operation of the coating unit of the coating device control mechanism.
  • the present application provides a coating method for the production of battery pole pieces.
  • the coating method includes: under the condition that the battery pole piece passes through the spraying member, the control mechanism generates a voltage signal according to the information data of the battery pole piece; The slurry is sprayed on the battery pole pieces.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pole piece.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating unit provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a coating method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • plural refers to two or more (including two).
  • Battery cells such as lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, have been widely used in electrical equipment. Electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Electric toys that are portable or mobile, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembling power tools and railway power tools, such as, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, electric impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the fluid, the positive electrode current collector without the positive electrode active material layer was used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode pole piece includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer is protruded from the negative electrode collector that has been coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector without the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the separator can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene), and the like.
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure.
  • the functional coating is used to achieve a set function, for example, the functional coating can be a label used to determine whether it is a bad product, or a coating used to achieve some specific functions in the electrode assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pole piece.
  • a battery pole piece (hereinafter referred to as pole piece 2 ) includes a current collector 21 and an active material layer 22 coated on the surface of the current collector 21 .
  • the current collector 21 includes a coating area coated with the active material layer 22 and a blank area not coated with the active material layer 22 .
  • the pole piece 2 further includes a functional coating 23 for realizing a set function.
  • the functional coating 23 is formed on the surface of the active material layer 22 . In other examples, the functional coating 23 is formed on the blank area of the current collector 21 .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a coating unit, a coating device, and a coating system, which can form a functional coating on a set position of a pole piece.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a coating system, which includes a coating device 1 .
  • the functional coating 23 needs to be applied to the pole piece 2, the pole piece 2 is pulled through the coating system; Slurry is applied to form the functional coating 23 .
  • the coating system further includes a detection module 4 and a processing module 5 .
  • the detection module 4 is used to detect the data information of the pole piece 2 .
  • the processing module 5 is used for receiving the data information detected by the detection module 4 and controlling the coating device 1 .
  • the detection module 4 is used to monitor the state of the pole piece 2 in real time to collect data information of the pole piece 2 .
  • the detection module 4 includes a pole piece appearance recognition module 41 for monitoring the appearance of the pole piece 2 .
  • the pole piece appearance recognition module 41 includes a light source and a camera, the light source illuminates the pole piece 2 at a specific angle and brightness, and the camera continuously captures the appearance of the pole piece 2 .
  • the camera is a high-speed camera.
  • the detection module 4 includes a pole piece thickness identification module 42 for monitoring the thickness of the pole piece 2 .
  • the pole piece thickness identification module 42 is a laser thickness gauge, which can calculate the distance according to the time difference between laser emission and reception, so as to convert it into the thickness of the pole piece 2 .
  • the detection module 4 includes a pole piece weight identification module 43 for monitoring the areal density of the pole piece 2 .
  • the pole piece weight identification module 43 is a ⁇ -Ray online areal density measuring instrument, which can convert the areal density of the pole piece 2 according to the difference in radiation intensity.
  • the detection module 4 further includes a stroke detection module 44 for monitoring stroke information of the pole piece 2 .
  • the stroke detection module 44 includes a pressure roller and a linkage encoder, and the pressure roller is attached to the pole piece 2; itinerary information.
  • the processing module 5 is used for docking with the detection module 4. After receiving the data information detected by the detection module 4, the processing module 5 processes the data information and controls the coating device 1, so that the coating device 1 coats the specific position of the pole piece 2 Functional coating 23.
  • the processing module 5 includes a data operation module, a data judgment module and a signal output module.
  • the data operation module is used to collect data information such as the appearance, weight, thickness, and stroke of the pole piece 2 running continuously, and convert these data information into quantifiable characteristic index of the pole piece 2 .
  • the data operation module can obtain the brightness, area, contour smoothness, etc. of the imaged pixels of the pole piece 2 according to the photo taken by the pole piece appearance recognition module 41 .
  • the data operation module can also calculate the quantifiable characteristic indexes of the pole piece 2 of the areal density, thickness and travel length of the pole piece 2 .
  • the data judging module decides to start the signal output module according to the quantized characteristic index of the pole piece 2 provided by the data operation module.
  • the signal output module judges the operation result of the module according to the data, and outputs the control signal of the spraying shape according to certain logic rules.
  • the control signal is used to control the coating device 1 so that the coating device 1 can coat the functional coating 23 with a specific shape.
  • the pole piece 2 is locally defective.
  • the data judgment module judges that the pole piece 2 is a bad product, and activates the signal output module; when the set position of the pole piece 2 moves to the coating device 1, the control signal output by the signal output module instructs the coating device 1 to execute the spraying action , to form a functional coating 23 on the pole piece 2 .
  • the functional coating 23 is a label for identifying the pole piece 2 as a bad product.
  • the values of X and Y are set as required.
  • the data judgment module instructs the signal output module to start, and the control signal output by the signal output module instructs the coating device 1 to execute the spraying action.
  • the coating system further includes an editing module 6 connected to the processing module 5 .
  • the editing module 6 is used to edit the system operating parameters (for example, the values of X and Y), and display the operating status of the coating system.
  • the editing module 6 includes a touch screen.
  • the coating system further includes a feedback module 7 .
  • the feedback module 7 includes a coating appearance recognition module 71 and an abnormal alarm module 72 .
  • the coating appearance recognition module 71 is used to monitor the effect of the sprayed functional coating 23 to determine whether the shape and position of the functional coating 23 are correct.
  • the coating appearance recognition module 71 includes a light source and a camera.
  • the abnormal alarm module 72 includes a display screen and a speaker, and emits an audible and visual alarm signal when the functional coating 23 does not meet the requirements.
  • the inventor tried to use a high-pressure pump to pressurize the slurry in the coating device to form a high-pressure slurry; the high-pressure slurry was sprayed through a special nozzle to form an atomized airflow that acts on the surface of the pole piece and forms a functional coating.
  • a high-pressure pump to pressurize the slurry in the coating device to form a high-pressure slurry
  • the high-pressure slurry was sprayed through a special nozzle to form an atomized airflow that acts on the surface of the pole piece and forms a functional coating.
  • Floor a special nozzle
  • the inventors improved the structure of the coating device, which will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating device provided by some embodiments of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coating unit provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • the coating device 1 of the embodiment of the present application includes a coating mechanism 11 , the coating mechanism 11 includes a coating unit 12 , and the coating unit 12 is used for performing a coating action to A functional coating is formed on it.
  • the coating unit 12 of the embodiment of the present application includes a spraying member 121, a piezoelectric member 122, and a control mechanism 123.
  • the spraying member 121 has a accommodating cavity for accommodating the slurry.
  • the piezoelectric member 122 is connected to the spray member 121 .
  • the control mechanism 123 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric member 122 , and the control mechanism 123 is used for generating a voltage signal according to the information data of the battery pole piece, and applying the voltage signal to the piezoelectric member 122 .
  • the piezoelectric member 122 is configured to squeeze the spray member 121 according to a voltage signal applied thereto, so as to deform the accommodating cavity and spray the slurry.
  • control mechanism 123 is connected to a processing module for controlling the control mechanism 123 .
  • control mechanism 123 is connected to the signal output module.
  • the control signal output by the signal output module is transmitted to the control mechanism 123, and the control mechanism 123 generates a corresponding voltage signal according to the control signal.
  • the voltage signal deforms the piezoelectric member 122 with a certain regularity, so as to squeeze the spray member 121 .
  • the piezoelectric member 122 has piezoelectricity. Due to the inverse piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric member 122 is regularly deformed according to the received voltage, and further squeezes the spraying member 121 to deform the accommodating cavity of the spraying member 121 . The volume of the accommodating cavity of the spraying member 121 is instantly reduced, so that the slurry in the accommodating cavity is quickly sprayed out, thereby forming a functional coating on the pole piece 2 .
  • the coating unit 12 of the present application can realize Micron-level control of spray thickness to improve thickness uniformity of functional coatings.
  • the thickness of the functional coating can be regulated by changing the inverse piezoelectric deformation period of the piezoelectric member 122 and the deformation amount of the piezoelectric member 122 .
  • the information data of the battery pole piece includes at least one of appearance information, thickness information, areal density information and stroke information, and the appearance information includes the brightness, area, contour smoothness, etc. of the imaged pixels of the pole piece.
  • the camera of the pole piece appearance identification module continuously photographs the pole piece to obtain the pole piece appearance information. After the pole piece is imaged, if the pixel brightness of a certain area is greater than X and the area of the area is greater than Y, it can be determined that the pole piece is locally defective.
  • the data judgment module judges that the pole piece is a bad product, and starts the signal output module. When the set position of the pole piece moves to the lower side of the spraying member 121 , the control signal output by the signal output module is transmitted to the control mechanism 123 of the coating unit 12 .
  • the control mechanism 123 generates a voltage signal according to the received control signal, and applies the voltage signal to the piezoelectric member 122, and the piezoelectric member 122 squeezes the spray member 121 according to the voltage signal applied thereto to set the pole piece Position spray functional coating.
  • the functional coating is a label for identifying the pole piece as defective.
  • the values of X and Y are set as required.
  • the travel detection module measures the length of the pole piece travel to monitor the travel information of the pole piece.
  • the data judgment module instructs the signal output module to start, and the control signal output by the signal output module is transmitted to the control mechanism 123 of the coating unit 12 .
  • the control mechanism 123 generates a voltage signal according to the received control signal, and applies the voltage signal to the piezoelectric member 122, and the piezoelectric member 122 squeezes the spray member 121 according to the voltage signal applied thereto to set the pole piece Position spray functional coating.
  • the piezoelectric member 122 is sleeved on the spraying member 121 and fixed to the spraying member 121 .
  • the piezoelectric member 122 is an annular structure, and when the piezoelectric member 122 is deformed, the spray member 121 in the middle is pressed.
  • the piezoelectric member 122 includes a piezoelectric material layer 122a, a first electrode layer 122b, and a second electrode layer 122c.
  • the piezoelectric material layer 122a surrounds the outer side of the spray member 121, and the piezoelectric material layer 122a is configured to deform according to a voltage applied thereto.
  • the piezoelectric material layer 122a has a ring-shaped structure.
  • the first electrode layer 122b is disposed between the piezoelectric material layer 122a and the spray member 121 and is connected to the piezoelectric material layer 122a.
  • the second electrode layer 122c is disposed on the side of the piezoelectric material layer 122a away from the first electrode layer 122b and is connected to the piezoelectric material layer 122a.
  • the piezoelectric material layer 122a has a piezoelectric effect.
  • a polarization phenomenon occurs inside the piezoelectric material layer 122a, and positive and negative charges appear on the two opposite surfaces of the piezoelectric material layer 122a; when the external force is removed, the piezoelectric The material layer 122a returns to an uncharged state, and this phenomenon becomes a positive piezoelectric effect.
  • an electric field is applied in the polarization direction of the piezoelectric material layer 122a, the piezoelectric material layer 122a will also deform; after the electric field is removed, the deformation of the piezoelectric material layer 122a will also disappear. This phenomenon is called the inverse piezoelectric effect.
  • the control mechanism 123 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 122b and the second electrode layer 122c to generate a voltage difference on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer 122a and form an electric field, and the electric field deforms the piezoelectric material layer 122a.
  • the type of the piezoelectric material layer 122a is not specifically limited in this application, and it depends on the situation.
  • the piezoelectric material layer 122a is a piezoelectric ceramic layer or an organic piezoelectric material layer.
  • the materials of the piezoelectric ceramic layer include but are not limited to barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, modified lead zirconate titanate, lead metaniobate, lead barium lithium niobate, modified lead titanate, and the organic piezoelectric
  • the material of the material layer is polyvinylidene fluoride or modified polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the piezoelectric material layer 122a includes a piezoelectric ceramic.
  • the control mechanism 123 includes: a voltage-controlled power source 123a; a first electrode wire 123b, connecting the voltage-controlled power source 123a and the first electrode layer 122b; and a second electrode wire 123c, connecting the voltage-controlled power source 123a and the second electrode layer 122c.
  • the voltage control power supply 123a is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 122b and the second electrode layer 122c through the first electrode wire 123b and the second electrode wire 123c, respectively, to apply an electric field on both sides of the piezoelectric material layer 122a.
  • the voltage control power supply 123a can control the voltage signal at the microsecond level, switch the state of applying the electric field and the state of removing the electric field at a high frequency, and deform the piezoelectric material layer 122a at a high frequency.
  • both ends of the accommodating cavity are open.
  • the opening at one end of the accommodating cavity is opposite to the pole piece 2 and is used for spraying slurry towards the pole piece 2 .
  • the opening at the other end of the accommodating cavity is used for communicating with the member for storing the slurry, so as to continuously replenish the slurry into the accommodating cavity.
  • the coating mechanism 11 includes a plurality of coating units 12 .
  • a plurality of coating units 12 can be used to spray functional coatings of various shapes, which can improve the applicability of the coating device 1 .
  • the spraying members 121 of the plurality of coating units 12 are arranged in an array, and according to the set shape, a corresponding part of the coating units 12 performs the spraying action, and the functional coating with the set shape can be sprayed. .
  • the coating mechanism 11 includes a first storage member 13 having a first storage cavity for storing the slurry.
  • the spraying members 121 of the plurality of coating units 12 are connected to the first material storage member 13, and the accommodating cavity communicates with the first material storage cavity.
  • both ends of the accommodating cavity are open, the opening at one end of the accommodating cavity is used for spraying slurry, and the opening at the other end is communicated with the first material storage cavity.
  • the slurry in the first material storage chamber is in a pressurized state, so that when the spraying member 121 sprays the slurry at a high frequency, the slurry can be continuously supplemented into the spraying member 121 .
  • the first material storage chamber is communicated with the accommodating chambers of the plurality of spraying members 121 , so that the first material storage member 13 can supplement the slurry to the plurality of spraying members 121 at the same time.
  • the coating mechanism 11 further includes a second material storage member 14 and a connecting pipeline 15 .
  • the second storage member 14 has a second storage chamber for storing the slurry, and the connecting pipeline 15 communicates the first storage chamber and the second storage chamber.
  • the second material storage member 14 supplements the slurry into the first material storage chamber through the connecting pipeline 15 .
  • the coating mechanism 11 further includes a cleaning pipeline 16, and the cleaning pipeline 16 communicates with the first material storage chamber.
  • the cleaning pipeline 16 is provided with a valve. When changing the type of slurry, or when it is necessary to remove the deposited slurry when the machine is shut down for a long time, the cleaning solvent is introduced into the first material storage cavity of the first material storage member 13, and the valve on the cleaning pipeline 16 is opened to realize the first material storage chamber. A flushing of the storage member 13 .
  • the second storage member 14 is plural. Each of the second storage members 14 is connected to the first storage member 13 through a connecting pipeline 15 .
  • the plurality of second material storage members 14 are respectively used to store different types of slurries, and electric valves are provided on the connecting pipeline 15. By controlling the opening and closing of the electric valves, the types of slurries can be switched.
  • the coating mechanism 11 further includes a dust cover 17 surrounding the outside of the plurality of spraying members 121 , and the dust cover 17 can reduce the spread of the slurry to the surrounding during the spraying process.
  • the coating device 1 further includes a first power mechanism 18 connected to the coating mechanism 11 , and the first power mechanism 18 is used to drive the coating unit 12 of the coating mechanism 11 to make the coating unit 12 close to or away from the battery poles.
  • the first power mechanism 18 can adjust the distance between the coating unit 12 and the pole piece 2 to ensure the stability of the spraying process.
  • the first power mechanism 18 includes structures such as a servo motor, a slide rail, a slide table, and the like.
  • the paste sprayed by the coating unit 12 is an ultraviolet curing paste.
  • the coating device 1 further includes a curing mechanism 19 for curing the slurry sprayed on the pole piece 2 .
  • the curing mechanism 19 includes an ultraviolet light irradiation component 191 for emitting ultraviolet light toward the pole piece 2 .
  • the ultraviolet light irradiation component 191 irradiates the functional coating 23 with a specific power, so that the functional coating 23 is rapidly cured. Compared with heat curing, UV curing can be completed in a short time, and the curing efficiency is high.
  • the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 includes an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the curing mechanism 19 further includes a cooling component 192 for cooling the ultraviolet light irradiation component 191 to avoid overheating of the ultraviolet light irradiation component 191 .
  • the curing mechanism 19 further includes a radiation shielding cover 193 surrounding the outer side of the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 to reduce the influence of the ultraviolet light on the operator.
  • the coating device 1 further includes a second power mechanism 20 , and the second power mechanism 20 is used to drive the curing mechanism 19 , so that the curing mechanism 19 is close to or away from the pole piece 2 .
  • the second power mechanism 20 can adjust the distance between the ultraviolet light irradiation component 191 and the pole piece 2 to ensure the stability of the curing process.
  • the second power mechanism 20 includes components such as servo motors, slide rails, and slide tables.
  • the coating device 1 further includes a linkage (not shown) for linking the coating unit 12 and the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 .
  • a linkage (not shown) for linking the coating unit 12 and the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 .
  • start timing from the end of spraying, and after time t, the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 starts to irradiate, and the time t can be calculated by the tape traveling speed of the pole piece 2 and the distance between the coating unit 12 and the ultraviolet light irradiation assembly 191 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a coating method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the coating method of the embodiment of the present application includes:
  • control mechanism under the condition that the battery pole piece passes through the spraying member, the control mechanism generates a voltage signal according to the information data of the battery pole piece;
  • the piezoelectric member presses the spraying member, so as to deform the accommodating cavity of the spraying member and spray slurry on the battery pole pieces.
  • the piezoelectric member is regularly deformed according to the voltage received, and then the spraying member is squeezed to deform the accommodating cavity of the spraying member.
  • the volume of the accommodating cavity of the spraying component is instantly reduced, so that the slurry in the accommodating cavity is quickly ejected, thereby forming a functional coating on the pole piece.
  • the coating methods of the embodiments of the present application can be used in the coating units of any of the above embodiments.
  • the detection module detects the data information of the pole piece
  • the processing module receives the data information detected by the detection module, and controls the control mechanism of the coating unit of the coating device, so that the control mechanism generates voltage signal.

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Abstract

一种涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法。涂布单元（12）包括：喷涂构件（121），具有用于容纳浆料的容纳腔；压电构件（122），连接于喷涂构件（121）；控制机构（123），电连接于压电构件（122），控制机构（123）用于根据电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号，并将电压信号施加到压电构件（122），压电构件（122）被配置为根据施加到其上的电压信号而挤压喷涂构件（121），以使容纳腔变形并喷射出浆料。该涂布单元可以实现喷涂厚度的微米级控制，提高喷涂厚度的均一性。

Description

涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年04月14日提交的名称为“涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法”的中国专利申请202110398985.8的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池生产领域，特别是涉及一种涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法。
背景技术
可再充电电池单体，可以称为二次电池单体，是指在电池单体放电后可通过充电的方式使活性物质激活而继续使用的电池单体。可再充电电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。可再充电电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
在电池单体的极片的生产过程中，需要在极片的设定位置涂布功能涂层。
发明内容
本申请提供一种涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法，其能在极片上喷涂涂层。
第一方面，本申请提供一种涂布单元，用于电池极片的生产。涂布单元包括：喷涂构件，具有用于容纳浆料的容纳腔；压电构件，连接于喷涂构件；控制机构，电连接于压电构件，控制机构用于根据电池极片的信 息数据生成电压信号，并将电压信号施加到压电构件。其中，压电构件被配置为根据施加到其上的电压信号而挤压喷涂构件，以使容纳腔变形并喷射出浆料。
上述方案中，由于逆压电效应，压电构件根据受到的电压而产生规律性的形变，进而挤压喷涂构件，使喷涂构件的容纳腔变形。喷涂构件的容纳腔的体积瞬间减小，使容纳腔内的浆料快速喷出，进而在极片上形成功能涂层。涂布单元可以实现喷涂厚度的微米级控制，提高功能涂层的厚度均一性。
在一些实施例中，压电构件套设在喷涂构件上并固定于喷涂构件。压电构件为环形结构，当压电构件变形时挤压中部的喷涂构件。
在一些实施例中，压电构件包括：压电材料层，环绕在喷涂构件的外侧，且压电材料层被配置为根据施加到其上的电压而变形；第一电极层，设置于压电材料层和喷涂构件之间且连接于压电材料层；以及第二电极层，设置于压电材料层的背离第一电极层的一侧且连接于压电材料层。控制机构电连接于第一电极层和第二电极层，以在压电材料层的两侧产生压差并形成电场，电场使压电材料产生变形。
在一些实施例中，压电材料层包括压电陶瓷。
在一些实施例中，控制机构包括：电压控制电源；第一电极导线，连接电压控制电源和第一电极层；第二电极导线，连接电压控制电源和第二电极层。电压控制电源分别通过第一电极导线和第二电极导线电连接于第一电极层和第二电极层，以在压电材料层的两侧施加电场。
在一些实施例中，容纳腔的两端开口。容纳腔一端的开口与极片相对，并用于朝向极片喷射浆料。容纳腔另一端的开口用于与储存浆料的构件连通，以连续地向容纳腔内补充浆料。
第二方面，本申请提供一种涂布装置，其包括涂布机构，涂布机构包括多个第一方面的涂布单元。多个涂布单元可用于喷涂多种形状的功能涂层，这样可以提高涂布装置的适用性。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构包括：第一储料构件，具有用于储存浆料的第一储料腔。多个涂布单元的喷涂构件连接于第一储料构件，且容纳 腔与第一储料腔连通。第一储料构件可以同时向多个喷涂构件补充浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构包括：第二储料构件，具有用于储存浆料的第二储料腔；连接管路，将第一储料腔和第二储料腔连通；以及清洗管路，与第一储料腔连通。
在一些实施例中，第二储料构件为多个。多个第二储料构件分别用于储存不同种类的浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布装置还包括连接于涂布机构的第一动力机构，第一动力机构用于驱动涂布机构的涂布单元，以使涂布单元靠近或远离电池极片。第一动力机构能够调整涂布单元与极片的间距，以保证喷涂工艺的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，涂布装置还包括固化机构，用于固化喷射到电池极片上的浆料。
在一些实施例中，固化机构包括紫外光照射组件，用于朝向电池极片发射紫外光。
在一些实施例中，固化机构还包括冷却组件，用于冷却紫外光照射组件。
在一些实施例中，涂布装置还包括第二动力机构，第二动力机构用于驱动固化机构，以使固化机构靠近或远离电池极片。第二动力机构能够调整固化机构与极片的间距，以保证固化工艺的稳定性
第三方面，本申请提供一种涂布系统，其包括第二方面的涂布装置。
在一些实施例中，涂布系统还包括：检测模块，用于检测电池极片的数据信息；处理模块，用于接收检测模块所检测出的数据信息，并控制涂布装置的涂布单元的控制机构。
第四方面，本申请提供一种涂布方法，用于电池极片的生产。涂布方法包括：在电池极片经过喷涂构件的条件下，控制机构根据电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号；根据电压信号，压电构件挤压喷涂构件，以使喷涂构件的容纳腔变形并向电池极片喷射浆料。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1为电池极片的结构示意图。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布系统的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布单元的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布方法的流程示意图。
在附图中，附图未必按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连， 也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
电池单体，例如锂离子二次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，已广泛应用于用电设备。用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极 集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构。
在极片(例如正极极片或负极极片)的生产过程中，需要在极片的设定位置涂布功能涂层。功能涂层用于实现设定的功能，例如，功能涂层可为用于判定是否为坏品的标签，也可以是电极组件中用于实现某些特定功能的涂层。
图1为电池极片的结构示意图。如图1所示，在一些实施例中，电池极片(以下简称为极片2)包括集流体21和涂覆于集流体21表面的活性物质层22。集流体21包括涂覆有活性物质层22的涂覆区和未涂覆活性物质层22的空白区。
在一些实施例中，极片2还包括功能涂层23，用于实现设定的功能。在一些示例中，功能涂层23形成于活性物质层22的表面。在另一些示例中，功能涂层23形成于集流体21的空白区。
本申请实施例提供了一种涂布单元、涂布装置以及涂布系统，其能在极片的设定位置形成功能涂层。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布系统的结构示意图。
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种涂布系统，其包括涂布装置1。当需要在极片2涂覆功能涂层23时，牵引极片2穿过涂布系统；在极片2的设定位置经过涂布装置1时，涂布装置1在极片2的表面涂覆浆料以形成功能涂层23。
在一些实施例中，涂布系统还包括检测模块4和处理模块5。检测模块4用于检测极片2的数据信息。处理模块5用于接收检测模块4所检测出的数据信息，并控制涂布装置1。
检测模块4用于实时监控极片2的状态，以收集极片2的数据信息。
在一些实施例中，检测模块4包括极片外观识别模块41，用于监控极片2的外观。示例性地，极片外观识别模块41包括光源和相机，光源以特定的角度、亮度照射极片2，相机连续地拍摄极片2的外观。可选地，相机为高速相机。
在一些实施例中，检测模块4包括极片厚度识别模块42，用于监控极片2的厚度。示例性地，极片厚度识别模块42为激光测厚仪，其能根据激光发射接收的时间差计算距离，从而换算成极片2的厚度。
在一些实施例中，检测模块4包括极片重量识别模块43，用于监控极片2的面密度。示例性地，极片重量识别模块43为β-Ray在线面密度测量仪，其能根据辐射强度差换算极片2的面密度。
在一些实施例中，检测模块4还包括行程检测模块44，用于监控极片2的行程信息。示例性地，行程检测模块44包括压辊和联动编码器，压辊贴合于极片2；通过计算压辊转动的圈数，可以计算出极片2行进的长度，进而得到极片2的行程信息。
处理模块5用于对接检测模块4，在接收检测模块4所检测出的数据信息后，对数据信息进行处理，并控制涂布装置1，使涂布装置1在极片2的特定位置涂覆功能涂层23。
在一些实施例中，处理模块5包括数据运算模块、数据判断模块和信号输出模块。
数据运算模块用于收集连续运行的极片2的外观、重量、厚度、行程等数据信息，并将这些数据信息转化为可量化的极片2特征指标。
示例性地，数据运算模块可以根据极片外观识别模块41拍摄的相片，得到极片2成像后的像素的亮度、面积、轮廓圆滑度等。数据运算模块还可计算出极片2的面密度、厚度和行进长度的可量化的极片2特征指标。
数据判断模块根据数据运算模块提供的量化的极片2特征指标，决定启动信号输出模块。信号输出模块根据数据判断模块的运算结果，以一定的逻辑规则，输出喷涂形貌的控制信号。控制信号用于控制涂布装置1，以使涂布装置1涂布出特定形状的功能涂层23。
在一些示例中，如果极片2成像后，某个区域的像素亮度大于X，且该区域的面积大于Y，则可以判定该极片2局部不良。数据判断模块判断该极片2为坏品，并启动信号输出模块；在该极片2的设定位置移动到涂布装置1时，信号输出模块输出的控制信号指示涂布装置1执行喷涂动作，以在该极片2上形成功能涂层23。该功能涂层23为用于标识该极片2为坏品的标签。X、Y的值根据需要设定。
在另一些示例中，沿着极片2走带的方向，极片2每行进特定的长度，数据判断模块指示信号输出模块启动，信号输出模块输出的控制信号指示涂布装置1执行喷涂动作。
在一些实施例中，涂布系统还包括编辑模块6，连接于处理模块5。编辑模块6用于编辑系统运行参数(例如X、Y的值)，并显示涂布系统的运行状态。示例性地，编辑模块6包括触控屏。
在一些实施例中，涂布系统还包括反馈模块7。反馈模块7包括涂层外观识别模块71和异常报警模块72。涂层外观识别模块71用于对喷涂出的功能涂层23的效果进行监控，以判断功能涂层23的形貌、位置是否正确。示例性地，涂层外观识别模块71包括光源和相机。异常报警模块72包括显示屏和扬声器，在功能涂层23不满足要求时发出声光报警信号。
发明人尝试利用高压泵对涂布装置中的浆料进行加压，以形成高压力的浆料；高压浆料通过特制的喷嘴喷出，形成雾化气流作用在极片的表面并形成功能涂层。然而，这种方式喷出的量控制难度大，造成功能涂层的厚度均一性较差。
基于发明人发现的上述问题，发明人对涂布装置的结构进行改进，下面结合具体的实施例详细描述。
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布装置的结构示意图；图4为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布单元的结构示意图。
如图3和图4所示，本申请实施例的涂布装置1包括涂布机构11，涂布机构11包括涂布单元12，涂布单元12用于执行涂布动作，以在极片2上形成功能涂层。
本申请实施例的涂布单元12包括喷涂构件121、压电构件122和控 制机构123。喷涂构件121具有用于容纳浆料的容纳腔。压电构件122连接于喷涂构件121。控制机构123电连接于压电构件122，控制机构123用于根据电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号，并将电压信号施加到压电构件122。其中，压电构件122被配置为根据施加到其上的电压信号而挤压喷涂构件121，以使容纳腔变形并喷射出浆料。
在一些实施例中，控制机构123与处理模块相连，处理模块用于控制该控制机构123。示例性地，控制机构123与信号输出模块相连。信号输出模块输出的控制信号传输到控制机构123，控制机构123根据该控制信号生成对应的电压信号。电压信号使压电构件122以一定的规律变形，以挤压喷涂构件121。
在本申请实施例中，压电构件122具有压电性。由于逆压电效应，压电构件122根据受到的电压而产生规律性的形变，进而挤压喷涂构件121，使喷涂构件121的容纳腔变形。喷涂构件121的容纳腔的体积瞬间减小，使容纳腔内的浆料快速喷出，进而在极片2上形成功能涂层。
由于电压信号对于压电构件122的逆压电变形周期的控制是微秒级，且压电构件122的形变量可通过设置电压精确控制在微米级，这样，本申请的涂布单元12可以实现喷涂厚度的微米级控制，从而提高功能涂层的厚度均一性。通过改变压电构件122的逆压电变形周期以及压电构件122的形变量，可以调控功能涂层的厚度。
在一些实施例中，电池极片的信息数据包括外观信息、厚度信息、面密度信息和行程信息中的至少一个，外观信息包括极片成像后的像素的亮度、面积、轮廓圆滑度等。
在一些实施例中，极片外观识别模块的相机连续地拍摄极片，以获得极片的外观信息。极片成像后，如果某个区域的像素亮度大于X，且该区域的面积大于Y，则可以判定该极片局部不良。数据判断模块判断该极片为坏品，并启动信号输出模块。在该极片的设定位置移动到喷涂构件121的下侧时，信号输出模块输出的控制信号传输到涂布单元12的控制机构123。控制机构123根据接收到的控制信号生成电压信号，并将电压信号施加到压电构件122，压电构件122根据施加到其上的电压信号而挤压 喷涂构件121，以在极片的设定位置喷涂功能涂层。该功能涂层为用于标识该极片为坏品的标签。X、Y的值根据需要设定。
在另一些实施例中，行程检测模块测量极片走带的长度，以监控极片的行程信息。沿着极片走带的方向，极片每行进特定的长度，数据判断模块指示信号输出模块启动，信号输出模块输出的控制信号传输到涂布单元12的控制机构123。控制机构123根据接收到的控制信号生成电压信号，并将电压信号施加到压电构件122，压电构件122根据施加到其上的电压信号而挤压喷涂构件121，以在极片的设定位置喷涂功能涂层。
在一些实施例中，压电构件122套设在喷涂构件121上并固定于喷涂构件121。压电构件122为环形结构，当压电构件122变形时挤压中部的喷涂构件121。
在一些实施例中，压电构件122包括压电材料层122a、第一电极层122b和第二电极层122c。压电材料层122a环绕在喷涂构件121的外侧，且压电材料层122a被配置为根据施加到其上的电压而变形。示例性地，压电材料层122a为环形结构。第一电极层122b设置于压电材料层122a和喷涂构件121之间且连接于压电材料层122a。第二电极层122c设置于压电材料层122a的背离第一电极层122b的一侧且连接于压电材料层122a。
压电材料层122a具有压电效应。压电材料层122a在沿一定方向上受到外力作用而发生变形时，其内部产生极化现象，同时压电材料层122a的两个相对的表面上出现正负电荷；当外力去掉后，压电材料层122a又恢复到不带电的状态，这种现象成为正压电效应。相反，当在压电材料层122a的极化方向上施加电场时，压电材料层122a也会发生变形；电场去掉后，压电材料层122a的变形也会随之消失。这种现象成为逆压电效应。
控制机构123电连接于第一电极层122b和第二电极层122c，以在压电材料层122a的两侧产生压差并形成电场，电场使压电材料层122a产生变形。
本申请中对压电材料层122a的种类不做具体限定，视情况而定。例如，所述压电材料层122a为压电陶瓷层或者有机压电材料层。其中，压电陶瓷层的材料包括但不限于钛酸钡、锆钛酸铅、改性锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、 铌酸铅钡锂、改性钛酸铅，所述有机压电材料层的材料为聚偏氟乙烯或者改性聚偏氟乙烯。示例性地，压电材料层122a包括压电陶瓷。
在一些实施例中，控制机构123包括：电压控制电源123a；第一电极导线123b，连接电压控制电源123a和第一电极层122b；第二电极导线123c，连接电压控制电源123a和第二电极层122c。电压控制电源123a分别通过第一电极导线123b和第二电极导线123c电连接于第一电极层122b和第二电极层122c，以在压电材料层122a的两侧施加电场。
电压控制电源123a可以将电压信号控制在微秒级，高频切换施加电场状态和去除电场状态，使压电材料层122a高频变形。
在一些实施例中，容纳腔的两端开口。容纳腔一端的开口与极片2相对，并用于朝向极片2喷射浆料。容纳腔另一端的开口用于与储存浆料的构件连通，以连续地向容纳腔内补充浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构11包括多个涂布单元12。多个涂布单元12可用于喷涂多种形状的功能涂层，这样可以提高涂布装置1的适用性。示例性地，多个涂布单元12的喷涂构件121以阵列的方式排布，根据设定的形状，对应地一部分涂布单元12执行喷涂动作，即可喷涂出具有设定形状的功能涂层。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构11包括第一储料构件13，第一储料构件13具有用于储存浆料的第一储料腔。多个涂布单元12的喷涂构件121连接于第一储料构件13，且容纳腔与第一储料腔连通。示例性地，容纳腔的两端开口，容纳腔一端的开口用于喷射浆料，另一端的开口与第一储料腔连通。第一储料腔中的浆料处于受压状态，这样可以在喷涂构件121高频喷射浆料的情况下，连续地向喷涂构件121中补充浆料。
在本申请实施例中，第一储料腔与多个喷涂构件121的容纳腔连通，这样，第一储料构件13可以同时向多个喷涂构件121补充浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构11还包括第二储料构件14和连接管路15。第二储料构件14具有用于储存浆料的第二储料腔，连接管路15将第一储料腔和第二储料腔连通。第二储料构件14通过连接管路15向第一储料腔中补充浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构11还包括清洗管路16，清洗管路16与第一储料腔连通。清洗管路16上设置有阀门。在更换浆料种类时，或长时间停机需要排除沉积的浆料时，向第一储料构件13的第一储料腔中通入清洗溶剂，并打开清洗管路16上的阀门，实现第一储料构件13的冲洗。
在一些实施例中，第二储料构件14为多个。各第二储料构件14通过连接管路15与第一储料构件13相连。示例性地，多个第二储料构件14分别用于储存不同种类的浆料，连接管路15上设置有电动阀门，通过控制电动阀门的启闭，可以实现浆料种类的切换。
在一些实施例中，涂布机构11还包括防尘罩17，环绕在多个喷涂构件121的外侧，防尘罩17可以将喷涂过程中，减少浆料向四周的扩散。
在一些实施例中，涂布装置1还包括连接于涂布机构11的第一动力机构18，第一动力机构18用于驱动涂布机构11的涂布单元12，以使涂布单元12靠近或远离电池极片。第一动力机构18能够调整涂布单元12与极片2的间距，以保证喷涂工艺的稳定性。示例性地，第一动力机构18包括伺服电机、滑轨、滑台等结构。
在一些实施例中，涂布单元12所喷涂的浆料为紫外光固化浆料。
在一些实施例中，涂布装置1还包括固化机构19，用于固化喷射到极片2上的浆料。
固化机构19包括紫外光照射组件191，用于朝向极片2发射紫外光。紫外光照射组件191以特定的功率辐射功能涂层23，以使功能涂层23快速固化。与加热固化的方式相比，紫外光固化可以在短时间内完成，固化效率高。示例性地，紫外光照射组件191包括紫外灯。
在一些实施例中，固化机构19还包括冷却组件192，用于冷却紫外光照射组件191，以避免紫外光照射组件191过热。
在一些实施例中，固化机构19还包括辐射屏蔽罩193，环绕在紫外光照射组件191的外侧，以减小紫外光对操作人员的影响。
涂布装置1还包括第二动力机构20，第二动力机构20用于驱动固化机构19，以使固化机构19靠近或远离极片2。第二动力机构20能够调整紫外光照射组件191与极片2的间距，以保证固化工艺的稳定性。第二 动力机构20包括伺服电机、滑轨、滑台等构件。
涂布装置1还包括联动器(未示出)，联动器用于联动涂布单元12和紫外光照射组件191。示例性地，从喷涂结束后开始计时，经过时间t后紫外光照射组件191开始照射，时间t可通过极片2的走带速度、涂布单元12和紫外光照射组件191的间距进行计算。
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的涂布方法的流程示意图。
如图5所示，本申请实施例的涂布方法包括：
S100、在电池极片经过喷涂构件的条件下，控制机构根据电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号；
S200、根据电压信号，压电构件挤压喷涂构件，以使喷涂构件的容纳腔变形并向电池极片喷射浆料。
在本申请实施例的涂布方法中，由于逆压电效应，压电构件根据受到的电压而产生规律性的形变，进而挤压喷涂构件，使喷涂构件的容纳腔变形。喷涂构件的容纳腔的体积瞬间减小，使容纳腔内的浆料快速喷出，进而在极片上形成功能涂层。
本申请实施例的涂布方法可用于上述任一实施例的涂布单元。
在一些实施例中，在步骤S100中，检测模块检测极片的数据信息，处理模块接收检测模块所检测出的数据信息，并控制涂布装置的涂布单元的控制机构，以使控制机构生成电压信号。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种涂布单元，用于电池极片的生产，所述涂布单元包括：
    喷涂构件，具有用于容纳浆料的容纳腔；
    压电构件，连接于所述喷涂构件；
    控制机构，电连接于所述压电构件，所述控制机构用于根据电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号，并将所述电压信号施加到所述压电构件；
    其中，所述压电构件被配置为根据施加到其上的所述电压信号而挤压所述喷涂构件，以使所述容纳腔变形并喷射出所述浆料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的涂布单元，其中，所述压电构件套设在所述喷涂构件上并固定于所述喷涂构件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的涂布单元，其中，所述压电构件包括：
    压电材料层，环绕在所述喷涂构件的外侧，且所述压电材料层被配置为根据施加到其上的电压而变形；
    第一电极层，设置于所述压电材料层和所述喷涂构件之间且连接于所述压电材料层；以及
    第二电极层，设置于所述压电材料层的背离所述第一电极层的一侧且连接于所述压电材料层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的涂布单元，其中，所述压电材料层包括压电陶瓷。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的涂布单元，其中，所述控制机构包括：
    电压控制电源；
    第一电极导线，连接所述电压控制电源和所述第一电极层；
    第二电极导线，连接所述电压控制电源和所述第二电极层。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的涂布单元，其中，所述容纳腔的两端开口。
  7. 一种涂布装置，包括涂布机构，所述涂布机构包括多个如权利要 求1-6中任一项所述的涂布单元。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的涂布装置，其中，所述涂布机构包括：第一储料构件，具有用于储存所述浆料的第一储料腔；
    多个所述涂布单元的喷涂构件连接于所述第一储料构件，且所述容纳腔与所述第一储料腔连通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的涂布装置，其中，所述涂布机构包括：
    第二储料构件，具有用于储存所述浆料的第二储料腔；
    连接管路，将所述第一储料腔和所述第二储料腔连通；以及
    清洗管路，与所述第一储料腔连通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的涂布装置，其中，所述第二储料构件为多个。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10任一项所述的涂布装置，其中，所述涂布装置还包括连接于所述涂布机构的第一动力机构，所述第一动力机构用于驱动所述涂布机构的涂布单元，以使所述涂布单元靠近或远离所述电池极片。
  12. 根据权利要求7-11任一项所述的涂布装置，其中，所述涂布装置还包括固化机构，用于固化喷射到所述电池极片上的所述浆料。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的涂布装置，其中，所述固化机构包括紫外光照射组件，用于朝向所述电池极片发射紫外光。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的涂布装置，其中，所述固化机构还包括冷却组件，用于冷却所述紫外光照射组件。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的涂布装置，其中，所述涂布装置还包括第二动力机构，所述第二动力机构用于驱动所述固化机构，以使所述固化机构靠近或远离所述电池极片。
  16. 一种涂布系统，包括如权利要求7-15中任一项所述的涂布装置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的涂布系统，还包括：
    检测模块，用于检测所述电池极片的数据信息；
    处理模块，用于接收所述检测模块所检测出的所述数据信息，并控制所述涂布装置的所述涂布单元的所述控制机构。
  18. 一种涂布方法，用于电池极片的生产，所述涂布方法包括：
    在电池极片经过喷涂构件的条件下，控制机构根据所述电池极片的信息数据生成电压信号；
    根据所述电压信号，压电构件挤压所述喷涂构件，以使所述喷涂构件的容纳腔变形并向所述电池极片喷射浆料。
PCT/CN2022/080888 2021-04-14 2022-03-15 涂布单元、涂布装置、涂布系统以及涂布方法 WO2022218084A1 (zh)

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