WO2022215627A1 - ボイラ監視方法及びボイラ監視装置、ボイラ制御方法及びボイラ制御装置、燃料等調整方法及び燃料等調整装置、並びに、ボイラ - Google Patents

ボイラ監視方法及びボイラ監視装置、ボイラ制御方法及びボイラ制御装置、燃料等調整方法及び燃料等調整装置、並びに、ボイラ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022215627A1
WO2022215627A1 PCT/JP2022/016036 JP2022016036W WO2022215627A1 WO 2022215627 A1 WO2022215627 A1 WO 2022215627A1 JP 2022016036 W JP2022016036 W JP 2022016036W WO 2022215627 A1 WO2022215627 A1 WO 2022215627A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
boiler
fuel
exhaust gas
combustion furnace
content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2022/016036
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和樹 吉田
隆一 阿川
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
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Application filed by Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP2023512983A priority Critical patent/JP7785753B2/ja
Priority to PH1/2023/552781A priority patent/PH12023552781A1/en
Priority to KR1020237031550A priority patent/KR20230167023A/ko
Publication of WO2022215627A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022215627A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/007—Control systems for waste heat boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boiler monitoring method, a boiler monitoring device, a boiler control method, a boiler control device, a fuel adjustment method, a fuel adjustment device, and a boiler.
  • the alkali metal component contained in the exhaust gas after passing through the dust collector of the boiler is caused to emit light, and the light in a predetermined wavelength range is spectroscopically obtained to obtain the relative emission intensity, thereby emitting light in that wavelength range.
  • Techniques for measuring the concentration of alkali metal components have been proposed (see Patent Document 1, for example). Adoption of such a technique is said to enable the concentration of alkali metal components in the exhaust gas to be measured with high accuracy.
  • the measurement method using flame spectrometry described in Patent Document 1 measures the concentration of alkali metal components contained in the exhaust gas after being collected by the dust collector.
  • concentration of fine salt particles (KCl, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas cannot be measured appropriately.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and monitors the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas of the boiler by a relatively simple method, and appropriately estimates the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel. intended to
  • a boiler monitoring method is a method for monitoring the operating state of a boiler, comprising an exhaust gas collecting step of collecting exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel fed into a combustion furnace of the boiler and an estimating step of estimating the content of alkali metals and/or chlorine in the fuel based on the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas collected in the exhaust gas collecting step.
  • a boiler monitoring device is a device for monitoring the operating state of a boiler, and includes an exhaust gas collection unit for collecting exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel put into a combustion furnace of the boiler, and an exhaust gas collection unit. an estimating unit for estimating the content of alkali metals and/or chlorine in the fuel based on the content of fine salt particles in the collected exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel put into the combustion furnace of the boiler is collected, and based on the content of fine salt particles (KCl, etc.) in the collected exhaust gas, alkalinity in the fuel is determined. Metal and chlorine content can be estimated. Then, based on the estimated content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel, it is possible to control the boiler load (furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.) and change the amount and composition of the fuel. .
  • the boiler load furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.
  • the flue gas on the upstream side of the dust collector of the boiler can be collected.
  • flue gas can be collected at a predetermined frequency.
  • the exhaust gas can be collected at a predetermined frequency (for example, once a day or more), so that the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas can be monitored over time.
  • flue gas can be collected when the type of fuel is changed and/or when an abnormality is found in the operating state of the boiler.
  • the boiler control method includes the boiler monitoring method described above, and a control step of controlling the boiler load and/or the maintenance operation of the boiler based on the content estimated in the estimation step of the boiler monitoring method. , is included.
  • the boiler control device includes the boiler monitoring device described above and a control unit that controls the boiler load and/or the maintenance operation of the boiler based on the content estimated by the estimation unit of the boiler monitoring device.
  • the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel is estimated based on the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel put into the combustion furnace of the boiler.
  • the boiler load furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.
  • boiler maintenance operation cleaning operation of the heat transfer surface of the superheater and economizer with a soot blower, etc., the pulse frequency of the bag filter, etc.
  • the fuel adjustment method according to the present invention is based on the boiler monitoring method described above and the content estimated in the estimation process of the boiler monitoring method.
  • the fuel adjustment device is based on the boiler monitoring device described above and the content estimated by the estimation unit of the boiler monitoring device.
  • an adjustment unit that changes at least one of the amount of additive supplied to the combustion furnace, the amount of fluidized medium supplied to the combustion furnace, and/or the amount of fluidized medium withdrawn from the combustion furnace; , is provided.
  • the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel is estimated based on the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel put into the combustion furnace of the boiler.
  • At least one of the amount, composition, type, and co-firing ratio of the fuel put into the combustion furnace, the supply amount of additives put into the combustion furnace, and the fluid medium put into the combustion furnace and/or the amount of fluidized medium withdrawn from the combustion furnace can be varied.
  • the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel in the boiler is quantitatively grasped, and the amount of fuel and the amount of combustion furnace contents (additives and fluid medium) are adjusted based on the content.
  • the service life of existing boilers can be extended, and changes in fuel properties (wood chips, tires, RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), etc.) during boiler operation can be managed. can be handled.
  • a boiler according to the present invention includes a heat recovery unit that recovers heat of combustion gas generated in a combustion furnace, and a dust collector that filters and collects dust contained in the gas that has passed through the heat recovery unit, In order to monitor the content of fine salt particles in the gas that has passed through the heat recovery part, a connection part is provided to which a recovery pipe capable of recovering the gas in the pipe connecting the heat recovery part and the dust collector is connected. There is.
  • the present invention it is possible to monitor the content of fine salt particles in the boiler exhaust gas by a relatively simple method and appropriately estimate the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of correlation information (graph showing correlation between values measured by an alkali metal ion monitor and alkali metal content in fuel) used for content estimation in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of correlation information (a graph showing the correlation between the value measured by the chlorine detector tube and the chlorine content in the fuel) used for content estimation in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 is a flowchart for explaining a boiler monitoring method, a boiler control method, and a fuel adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • CB boiler Fluidized Bed boiler
  • the CFB boiler 1 includes a combustion furnace 2 that burns fuel and heats water in a closed container to generate steam, and a combustion gas (hereinafter referred to as "exhaust gas") generated in the combustion furnace 2. Solid matter is separated from G.
  • a cyclone separator 4 a heat recovery unit 6 for recovering the heat of the exhaust gas G, a fly ash separated from the exhaust gas G by the cyclone separator 4, that is, a part of the fluidized medium separated from the exhaust gas G is transferred to the combustion furnace 3.
  • a return line 8 for returning to the lower part, a bag filter 10 for filtering and collecting dust contained in the exhaust gas G that has passed through the heat recovery unit 6, a central processing unit 100 for integrally controlling various components of the CFB boiler 1, and the like are provided.
  • the combustion furnace 2 is an external circulation type fluidized bed combustion furnace.
  • Various fuels for example, biomass fuels such as rice husks and EFB (Empty Fruit Bunches), wood chips, tires, RPF, etc.
  • biomass fuels such as rice husks and EFB are low-grade fuels containing large amounts of alkaline components such as K (potassium) and Na (sodium).
  • a fluidized medium containing quartz particles as a main component is fed through a fuel inlet. hereinafter referred to as "bed") F is formed.
  • the formation of the bed F promotes fuel combustion.
  • the fluidized medium includes bottom ash BA, which is formed by condensing, melting, and aggregating components in biomass fuel with sand as a seed, or by chemically reacting on the sand surface to form particles. .
  • the exhaust gas G produced as a result of combustion rises inside the combustion furnace 2 while accompanying part of the fluid medium.
  • a gas outlet 2A for discharging exhaust gas is provided in the upper portion of the combustion furnace 2 .
  • a discharge port (not shown) for discharging the bottom ash BA is provided in the lower part of the combustion furnace 2 .
  • a fuel inlet of the combustion furnace 2 is provided with a supply adjustment mechanism capable of changing each of the amount, composition, type of fuel, co-firing ratio, additive supply amount, and fluid medium supply amount.
  • the discharge port of the combustion furnace 2 is provided with a discharge adjustment mechanism capable of changing the amount of fluidized medium discharged.
  • the cyclone separator 4 is arranged adjacent to the combustion furnace 2 and connected to the combustion furnace 2 via a gas outlet 2A.
  • the cyclone separator 4 functions as a solid-gas separator, receives the exhaust gas G discharged from the combustion furnace 2 and the fluid medium accompanying the exhaust gas G, and separates the exhaust gas G and the fluid medium by centrifugal separation. Then, the fluidized medium is returned to the combustion furnace 2 and the exhaust gas G is sent to the heat recovery section 6 .
  • a return line 8 is connected to the cyclone separator 4 .
  • various heat exchange tubes for example, a superheater for generating superheated steam, an economizer for preheating boiler feed water, etc.
  • the superheater uses the heat of the exhaust gas to superheat the steam to produce superheated steam.
  • the superheated steam passes through piping (not shown), is supplied to a turbine (not shown) outside the CFB boiler 1, and is used for power generation.
  • the economizer transfers the heat of the exhaust gas to the boiler feed water to preheat the boiler feed water.
  • the return line 8 consists of a pipeline connected to the lower part of the combustion furnace 2, and a loop seal 8A is provided on the way.
  • the loop seal 8A is equipment that prevents the exhaust gas G from the combustion furnace 2 from flowing back. Fluid medium fed from the cyclone separator 4 is accumulated in the loop seal 8A. Further, the fluid medium in the loop seal 8A is introduced into the combustion furnace 2 from the return chute portion 8B at the exit of the loop seal 8A.
  • the bag filter 10 is for filtering and collecting fine particles such as dust (including fly ash FA) contained in the exhaust gas G that has passed through the heat recovery unit 6, and is an example of a dust collector in the present invention.
  • the fly ash FA is particles formed by condensation, melting, and agglomeration of the components themselves in the biomass fuel in the fluid medium (including part of the bottom ash BA formed into particles that is finely divided). be.
  • a pipe 16 that communicates and connects the heat recovery unit 6 and the bag filter 10 is provided with a connection portion 16A to which a recovery pipe 22 (described later) is connected in order to recover the exhaust gas flowing through the pipe 16 .
  • the bag filter 10 includes a dust collection chamber in which a plurality of cylindrical filter cylinders made of filter cloth are suspended, and a hopper arranged in the lower part of the dust collection chamber for collecting dust that has been shaken off from the filter cylinders. have.
  • the bag filter 10 also has a compressed air pipe for brushing off the dust accumulated on the outer surface of each filter cylinder by instantaneously injecting compressed air from the upper part of each filter cylinder to generate a pulse jet stream. is provided.
  • the injection timing of compressed air is controlled by a control unit 30 (described later) of the central processing unit 100 .
  • the filtered exhaust gas G that has passed through the bag filter 10 is sucked by the suction pump 12 and discharged from the chimney 14 to the outside of the CFB boiler 1 .
  • Dust (including fly ash FA) collected by the bag filter 10 is recovered from an unillustrated discharge port provided below the hopper.
  • the central processing unit 100 includes a memory for storing various control programs and various control data, a processor for executing various control programs, and the like. 40, etc.). Each functional unit will be described in detail later.
  • FIG. 1 a boiler monitoring device 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 1 a boiler monitoring device 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 1 a boiler monitoring device 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the boiler monitoring device 20 is a device for monitoring the operating state of the CFB boiler 1, and includes an exhaust gas collection unit (recovery pipe 22, water tank 24, suction pump 26) and an estimation unit 28. there is
  • the exhaust gas collection unit functions to collect exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel fed into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1. It has a connected recovery pipe 22 , a water tank 24 in which water is stored, and a suction pump 26 .
  • the upper end of the recovery pipe 22 is connected to the pipe 16 and the lower end of the recovery pipe 22 is immersed in the water inside the water tank 24 . Then, by sucking the air in the water tank 24 with the suction pump 26 to make the pressure in the water tank 24 lower than the atmospheric pressure, the inside of the pipe 16 (that is, the upstream side of the bag filter 10) through the recovery pipe 22 Exhaust gas can be sucked and collected in the water tank 24 .
  • the exhaust gas collected in this manner also contains dust before being filtered and collected by the bag filter 10 .
  • the operation of the suction pump 26 is operated by the CFB boiler 1 supervisor.
  • the estimation unit 28 functions to estimate the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel based on the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas collected by the exhaust gas collection unit. It is one of the functional parts.
  • the weight per unit volume (mg/L) of fine salt particles (KCl, etc.) contained in the exhaust gas collected in the water tank 24 via the collection pipe 22 is measured by an alkali metal ion (not shown). Measured by a monitor and a chlorine detector tube, the measured values are input to the central processing unit 100, and the weight per unit weight (mg/kg) of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel is calculated by the estimation unit 28 based on the input measured values. I'm trying to make an estimate.
  • the estimating unit 28 calculates the content (mg/L) of alkali metal ions (for example, potassium ions and sodium ions) in the collected exhaust gas) measured by the alkali metal ion monitor. Estimate the alkali metal content (mg/kg).
  • the correlation information between the measured value by the alkali metal ion monitor and the alkali metal content in the fuel is obtained in advance by experiments, and the estimation is performed using this correlation information.
  • An example of the correlation information is a linear graph L1 as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
  • the estimation unit 28 determines the content of chlorine in the fuel of the CFB boiler 1 (mg/kg ).
  • the correlation information between the measured value by the chlorine detector tube and the chlorine content in the fuel is obtained in advance by experiments, and the estimation is performed using this correlation information.
  • An example of the correlation information is a linear graph L2 as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
  • an upper limit value U1 (FIG. 2) is set for the alkali metal content in the fuel
  • an upper limit value U2 (FIG. 3) is set for the chlorine content in the fuel. If at least one of the estimated alkali metal and chlorine contents in the fuel exceeds the respective upper limit values U1 and U2, the boiler control and fuel adjustment, etc., which will be described later, are performed.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 manually estimates the content. That is, the observer samples the water in the water tank 24 in which the exhaust gas in the pipe 16 is dissolved, and measures the content (mg/ L) is measured with an alkali metal ion monitor and a chlorine detector tube, and the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel (mg/kg) is estimated by referring to graphs L1 and L2 as shown in FIGS. . When the respective upper limits U1 and U2 are exceeded, it is also possible for the observer to perform boiler control and fuel adjustment, etc., which will be described later.
  • control unit 30 of the central processing unit 100 will be described.
  • the control unit 30 is one of the functional units of the central processing unit 100, and based on the contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated by the estimation unit 28 and the monitor of the CFB boiler 1, the load of the CFB boiler 1 and/or to control maintenance operations.
  • the boiler control device in the present invention is configured by the boiler monitoring device 20 and the control unit 30 in the present embodiment.
  • the control unit 30 In the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, when at least one of the contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated by the estimation unit 28 exceeds the respective upper limit values U1 and U2, the control unit 30 The boiler operation can be continued by controlling the load (output) of the CFB boiler 1 so as to lower the temperature of the steam generated by the heat recovery unit 6 and the like.
  • the control unit 30 when at least one of the contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated by the estimation unit 28 or the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 exceeds the respective upper limit values U1 and U2, the control unit 30 , by controlling the operation of the soot blower so that the heat transfer surfaces of the superheater and the economizer in the heat recovery unit 6 of the CFB boiler 1 are cleaned more frequently than usual, suppressing the deposition of deposits on the surfaces;
  • the dust collection function of the bag filter 10 can be restored by controlling the injection frequency of the compressed air injected from the compressed air pipe of the bag filter 10 of the CFB boiler 1 to be higher than usual.
  • the operation control of the soot blower and the control of the injection frequency of compressed air correspond to the maintenance operation of the CFB boiler 1 .
  • control unit 30 controlling various components of the CFB boiler 1
  • supervisor of the CFB boiler 1 manually operates various components of the CFB boiler 1, so that the CFB boiler 1 It is also possible to control the load and maintenance operation of
  • the adjustment unit 40 is one of the functional units of the central processing unit 100, and based on the content estimated by the estimation unit 28, the amount, composition, type, and mixed combustion of the fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 while changing at least one of the ratio of , at least one of
  • "changing" the amount of supply or the amount of extraction means changing the amount of supply or the amount of extraction from the first amount to the second amount, and the first amount and the second amount
  • the first It also includes that the amount and the second amount are the same (that the amount of change in the amount supplied or withdrawn is zero (ie, the amount supplied or withdrawn is not changed)).
  • the boiler monitoring device 20 and the adjustment unit 40 in this embodiment constitute a fuel adjustment device in the present invention.
  • the adjustment unit 40 when at least one of the contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated by the estimation unit 28 exceeds the respective upper limit values U1 and U2, the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 Fuel injection into the combustion furnace 2 so as to reduce the amount of fuel injected, change the composition and type of fuel to one with less alkali and chlorine, and change the mixed combustion ratio of fuel to an appropriate value. Boiler operation can be continued by controlling the supply adjustment mechanism provided at the mouth.
  • the adjustment unit 40 puts into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 when at least one of the contents of the alkali metal and chlorine estimated by the estimation unit 28 exceeds the respective upper limit values U1 and U2. control the supply adjustment mechanism provided at the fuel inlet of the combustion furnace 2 so as to increase the supply amount of the additive to be fed into the combustion furnace 2 or to increase the supply amount of the fluid medium supplied to the combustion furnace 2;
  • the boiler operation can be continued by controlling the discharge adjustment mechanism provided at the discharge port of the combustion furnace 2 so as to increase the amount of fluidized medium discharged from the combustion furnace 2 .
  • the supervisor of the CFB boiler 1 manually adjusts the amount of fuel input and the like, and controls the load of the CFB boiler 1 to operate the boiler. It is possible to continue.
  • the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel introduced into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected using the exhaust gas collection unit (recovery pipe 22, water tank 24, suction pump 26) (exhaust gas collection step: S1).
  • the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter 10 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected as already described.
  • the timing and frequency of collecting the exhaust gas can be appropriately set according to the specifications of the CFB boiler 1 and the like. For example, exhaust gas is collected once a day or more at a predetermined time, exhaust gas is collected when the type of fuel is changed, and exhaust gas is collected when an abnormality is found in the operating state of the CFB boiler 1.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 measures the value measured by the alkali metal ion monitor (the content of alkali metal ions in the collected flue gas (mg / L)) and the alkali metal in the fuel of the CFB boiler 1 content (mg / kg) and the correlation between (for example, the linear graph L1 shown in FIG.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 determines whether at least one of the alkali metal and chlorine contents in the fuel estimated in the estimation step S2 exceeds the predetermined upper limit values U1 and U2 (determination step : S3).
  • the determination step S3 when it is determined that the estimated contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel are equal to or less than the upper limits U1 and U2, the process returns to the exhaust gas collection step S1 and repeats the subsequent steps.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 determines that the load of the CFB boiler 1 and/or control the maintenance operation (boiler control step: S4), and at least one of the amount, composition, type, and mixed combustion ratio of the fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, and put it into the combustion furnace 2 At least one of the amount of additive supplied, the amount of fluidized medium supplied to the combustion furnace 2, and/or the amount of the fluidized medium extracted from the combustion furnace 2 is changed (adjustment of fuel etc. Step: S5).
  • changing means changing the amount of supply or the amount of extraction from the first amount to the second amount. It includes not only that either one of the quantity and the second quantity is zero, but also that the first quantity and the second quantity are the same.
  • a supervisor of the CFB boiler 1 controls the load (output) of the CFB boiler 1 so as to lower the temperature in the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, the steam temperature generated by the heat recovery unit 6, etc. in the boiler control step S4. By doing so, the boiler operation can be continued.
  • the supervisor of the CFB boiler 1 operates the soot blower so that the heat transfer surfaces of the superheater and the economizer in the heat recovery unit 6 of the CFB boiler 1 are cleaned more frequently than usual.
  • the bag filter 10 It is possible to restore the dust collection function.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 reduces the amount of fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, or changes the composition and type of fuel to one with less alkali and chlorine.
  • Boiler operation is controlled by controlling the load of the CFB boiler 1 by controlling the supply adjustment mechanism provided at the fuel inlet of the combustion furnace 2 so as to change the mixed combustion ratio of the fuel to an appropriate value. can be continued.
  • the monitor of the CFB boiler 1 increases the supply amount of the additive introduced into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 in the fuel etc.
  • adjustment step S5 control the supply adjustment mechanism provided at the fuel input port of the combustion furnace 2 so as to increase the The boiler operation can be continued by controlling the load of the CFB boiler 1 by controlling the discharge adjustment mechanism provided.
  • the flue gas collection step S1 and the estimation step S2 in this embodiment constitute an example of the boiler monitoring method in the present invention.
  • the exhaust gas collection step S1, the estimation step S2, the determination step S3, and the boiler control step S4 in the present embodiment constitute an example of the boiler control method in the present invention (here, the determination step S3 and the boiler control step S4 are the constitutes an example of the control process in).
  • the exhaust gas collection step S1, the estimation step S2, the determination step S3, and the fuel adjustment step S5 in the present embodiment constitute an example of the fuel adjustment method in the present invention (here, the determination step S3 and the fuel adjustment step S5 are , constituting an example of the adjustment process in the present invention).
  • the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel that is put into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected, and the content of the fine salt particles in the collected exhaust gas is used as the fuel. It is possible to estimate the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the Then, based on the estimated content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel, control the load (furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.) of the CFB boiler 1, etc., and change the amount and composition of the fuel. can be done.
  • the exhaust gas collection step S1 in the present embodiment since the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter 10 of the CDB boiler 1 is collected, fine salt particles (KCl, etc.) in the exhaust gas before being collected by the bag filter 10 ) can be monitored and the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel can be estimated appropriately.
  • fine salt particles KCl, etc.
  • the alkali metal and chlorine in the fuel estimated from the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel put into the combustion furnace of the CFB boiler 1
  • CFB boiler 1 maintenance operation cleaning by soot blower etc. of heat transfer surface of superheater and economizer, bag filter pulse frequency, etc.
  • the alkali metal And based on the chlorine content at least one of the amount, composition, type, and mixed combustion ratio of the fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2, the supply amount of the additive to be put into the combustion furnace 2, and put into the combustion furnace.
  • the amount of fluidized medium supplied and/or the amount of fluidized medium withdrawn from the combustion furnace 2 can be varied.
  • the estimation unit 28 of the boiler monitoring device 20 is used to estimate the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel.
  • the control unit 30 controls the load of the CFB boiler 1 and maintenance operations, and the adjusting unit 40 adjusts the amount of fuel to be fed and the like.
  • the configurations of the boiler monitoring device 20 (estimating unit 28), the control unit 30, and the adjusting unit 40 are the same as those in the first embodiment, so detailed description thereof will be omitted. Since the content of each step of the boiler monitoring method and the like according to this embodiment is common to the first embodiment (although the subject is changed), the description will be made with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 4 as appropriate. .
  • the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel introduced into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected using the exhaust gas collection unit (recovery pipe 22, water tank 24, suction pump 26) (exhaust gas collection step: S1). Also in the exhaust gas collection step S1 of this embodiment, the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter 10 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected.
  • the control unit 30 of the central processing unit 100 controls the suction pump 26 to collect the exhaust gas at a predetermined time and frequency.
  • the timing and frequency of collecting the exhaust gas can be appropriately set according to the specifications of the CFB boiler 1 and the like. For example, exhaust gas is collected once a day or more at a predetermined time, exhaust gas is collected when the type of fuel is changed, and exhaust gas is collected when an abnormality is found in the operating state of the CFB boiler 1. can be
  • the estimation unit 28 of the central processing unit 100 estimates the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel based on the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas collected in the exhaust gas collection step S1 (estimation step: S2 ). As described above, the estimation unit 28 calculates the measured value by the alkali metal ion monitor (the content of alkali metal ions in the collected exhaust gas (mg/L)) and the content of alkali metal in the fuel of the CFB boiler 1 (mg / kg) and the correlation (for example, the linear graph L1 shown in FIG.
  • the central processing unit 100 determines whether at least one of the contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated in the estimation step S2 exceeds predetermined upper limit values U1 and U2 (determination step: S3 ). In the determination step S3, when it is determined that the estimated contents of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel are equal to or less than the upper limits U1 and U2, the process returns to the exhaust gas collection step S1 and repeats the subsequent steps.
  • the control unit 30 of the central processing unit 100 controls the CFB boiler 1 (boiler control step: S4), and the adjustment unit 40 of the central processing unit 100 controls the amount, composition, type, and mixed combustion ratio of the fuel introduced into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 at least one of, the amount of additive supplied to the combustion furnace 2, the amount of fluidized medium supplied to the combustion furnace 2, and/or the amount of the fluidized medium discharged from the combustion furnace 2. At least one of them is changed (fuel etc. adjustment step: S5).
  • the control unit 30 controls the load (output) of the CFB boiler 1 so as to lower the temperature in the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, the temperature of the steam generated by the heat recovery unit 6, etc. , boiler operation can be continued. Further, in the boiler control step S4, the control unit 30 controls the operation of the soot blower so that the heat transfer surfaces of the superheater and the economizer in the heat recovery unit 6 of the CFB boiler 1 are cleaned more frequently than usual. By suppressing deposit adhesion on the surface, and controlling the injection frequency of compressed air injected from the compressed air pipe of the bag filter 10 of the CFB boiler 1 to be higher than usual, the dust collection function of the bag filter 10 is improved. You can recover quickly.
  • the adjustment unit 40 reduces the amount of fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1, changes the composition and type of fuel to one containing less alkali metals and chlorine, and adjusts the fuel Boiler operation is continued by controlling the load of the CFB boiler 1 by controlling the supply adjustment mechanism provided at the fuel inlet of the combustion furnace 2 so as to change the mixed firing ratio to an appropriate value. be able to.
  • the adjustment unit 40 increases the amount of additive supplied to the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 or increases the amount of fluidized medium supplied to the combustion furnace 2.
  • the boiler operation can be continued by controlling the load of the CFB boiler 1 by controlling the adjusting mechanism.
  • exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel fed into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 is collected, and based on the content of fine salt particles in the collected exhaust gas, Alkali metal and chlorine content in the fuel can be estimated. Then, based on the estimated content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel, control the load (furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.) of the CFB boiler 1, etc., and change the amount and composition of the fuel. can be done.
  • the exhaust gas collection step S1 in the present embodiment since the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the bag filter 10 of the CDB boiler 1 is collected, fine salt particles (KCl, etc.) in the exhaust gas before being collected by the bag filter 10 ) can be monitored and the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel can be estimated appropriately.
  • fine salt particles KCl, etc.
  • the content of fine salt particles in the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the fuel introduced into the combustion furnace of the CFB boiler 1 Based on the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated from the load of the CFB boiler 1 (furnace temperature, steam temperature, etc.) surface cleaning by soot blowers, bag filter pulsing frequency, etc.) can be controlled. In this way, by quantitatively grasping the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel in the CFB boiler 1 and controlling the boiler load etc. based on the content, the life of the existing boiler is extended more than before. becomes possible.
  • fine salt particles in exhaust gas generated by combustion of fuel introduced into the combustion furnace 2 of the CFB boiler 1 Based on the content of alkali metals and chlorine in the fuel estimated from the content, at least one of the amount, composition, type, and mixed combustion ratio of the fuel to be put into the combustion furnace 2 is put into the combustion furnace 2. It is possible to change the amount of additive supplied, the amount of fluidized medium supplied to the combustion furnace, and/or the amount of fluidized medium withdrawn from the combustion furnace 2 .
  • the present invention is useful for monitoring the content of fine salt particles in boiler exhaust gas by a relatively simple method and appropriately estimating the content of alkali metals and chlorine in fuel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/016036 2021-04-08 2022-03-30 ボイラ監視方法及びボイラ監視装置、ボイラ制御方法及びボイラ制御装置、燃料等調整方法及び燃料等調整装置、並びに、ボイラ Ceased WO2022215627A1 (ja)

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JP2023512983A JP7785753B2 (ja) 2021-04-08 2022-03-30 ボイラ監視方法及びボイラ監視装置、ボイラ制御方法及びボイラ制御装置、燃料等調整方法及び燃料等調整装置、並びに、ボイラ
PH1/2023/552781A PH12023552781A1 (en) 2021-04-08 2022-03-30 Monitoring method for boiler and monitoring device for boiler, controlling method for boiler and controlling device for boiler, adjustment method for fuel or like and adjustment device for fuel or like, and boiler
KR1020237031550A KR20230167023A (ko) 2021-04-08 2022-03-30 보일러감시방법 및 보일러감시장치, 보일러제어방법 및 보일러제어장치, 연료 등 조정방법 및 연료 등 조정장치, 및, 보일러

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JP2006064251A (ja) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-09 Nippon Steel Corp 廃棄物発電ボイラの腐食抑制方法
JP2012021797A (ja) * 2010-07-12 2012-02-02 Mie Chuo Kaihatsu Kk 固形燃料中の塩素含有量測定方法
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KR20230167023A (ko) 2023-12-07
JP7785753B2 (ja) 2025-12-15

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