WO2022210415A1 - 積層体、その硬化物、およびこれを含む電子部品 - Google Patents
積層体、その硬化物、およびこれを含む電子部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022210415A1 WO2022210415A1 PCT/JP2022/014631 JP2022014631W WO2022210415A1 WO 2022210415 A1 WO2022210415 A1 WO 2022210415A1 JP 2022014631 W JP2022014631 W JP 2022014631W WO 2022210415 A1 WO2022210415 A1 WO 2022210415A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin layer
- resin
- laminate
- film
- bis
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 437
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 437
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 246
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 134
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 84
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 73
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 73
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 62
- -1 aliphatic diamine Chemical class 0.000 description 59
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 48
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 38
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 32
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 28
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 27
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 26
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 13
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 13
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 10
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004805 Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000003949 imides Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine powder Natural products NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 8
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 5
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEQOJEGTZCTHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-phenylethanone Chemical class NCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HEQOJEGTZCTHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ICNFHJVPAJKPHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Thiodianiline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 ICNFHJVPAJKPHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 4
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Chemical group C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QYIMZXITLDTULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-amino-2-methylphenyl)-3-methylaniline Chemical group CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C QYIMZXITLDTULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dapsone Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MQJKPEGWNLWLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-[[3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2,2-bis(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COCC(COC(=O)C=C)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C MPIAGWXWVAHQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 3
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroquinone methyl ether Natural products COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000010550 living polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PECBPCUKEFYARY-ZPHPHTNESA-N n-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PECBPCUKEFYARY-ZPHPHTNESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-2-dichlorophosphoryloxybenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1OP(Cl)(Cl)=O VLDPXPPHXDGHEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C=C LEJBBGNFPAFPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHOJVZAEHZGDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 HHOJVZAEHZGDRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical class CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LXJLFVRAWOOQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LXJLFVRAWOOQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 LJGHYPLBDBRCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-piperidin-1-ylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CN1CCCCC1 MECNWXGGNCJFQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2,4-dioxooxolan-3-yl)-7-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C(OC2=O)=O)C2C(C)=CC1C1C(=O)COC1=O FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQAHXEQUBNDFGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[4-[2-[4-[(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)oxy]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(OC2=CC=C(C=C2)C(C)(C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C4C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=3)=CC=2)C)=C1 MQAHXEQUBNDFGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[1-oxo-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propan-2-yl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(C(C)NC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 MKYBYDHXWVHEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229940000406 drug candidate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical group S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrophthalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)CCCC1 UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- YYJIYUNJTKCRHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)C=C YYJIYUNJTKCRHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LERREUOVCXYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenoxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LERREUOVCXYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 MUTGBJKUEZFXGO-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLQWMCSSZKNOLQ-ZXZARUISSA-N (3s)-3-[(3r)-2,5-dioxooxolan-3-yl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C[C@H]1[C@@H]1C(=O)OC(=O)C1 OLQWMCSSZKNOLQ-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXJJJAKXVVAHKI-WRBBJXAJSA-N (9z,29z)-octatriaconta-9,29-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O MXJJJAKXVVAHKI-WRBBJXAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPUBMKFFRRFXIP-YPAXQUSRSA-N (9z,33z)-dotetraconta-9,33-dienediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O CPUBMKFFRRFXIP-YPAXQUSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCAONVVVMAVFDE-CLFAGFIQSA-N (z)-n-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC GCAONVVVMAVFDE-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZGOTNLOZGRSJA-ZZEZOPTASA-N (z)-n-octadecyloctadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC VZGOTNLOZGRSJA-ZZEZOPTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride Chemical compound C1C=CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUYHWJKHJNFYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanato-3-phenylbenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1N=C=O LUYHWJKHJNFYGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-5,6-dimethylheptane Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C(C)CCCCN=C=O VZXPHDGHQXLXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical group C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHSVWKJCURCWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 19-[3-(19-amino-19-oxononadecyl)phenyl]nonadecanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O)=C1 XHSVWKJCURCWFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZBSIABKXVPBFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)CO GZBSIABKXVPBFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVIDDMGBRCPGLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound C1OC1COC(CO)COCC1CO1 IVIDDMGBRCPGLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZJPYDCWYWUMFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(14-methylpentadecyl)hexanediamide Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(N)=O)CCC(C(N)=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C VZJPYDCWYWUMFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=CC=C1N RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHTJRKQAETUUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(CO)C(N)=O KHTJRKQAETUUQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYEWHONLFGZGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1,3-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propan-2-yloxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC(OCC1OC1)COCC1CO1 SYEWHONLFGZGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHJIJMBTDZCOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]-1-methoxyethanol Chemical compound COC(O)COCCOCCOCCO SHJIJMBTDZCOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KECOIASOKMSRFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-(3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfonylphenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(N)=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(N)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 KECOIASOKMSRFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQAMFDRRWURCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1h-imidazole Chemical class CCC1=NC=CN1 PQAMFDRRWURCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBCSAIDCZQSFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1N OBCSAIDCZQSFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical class C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFZKVQVQOMDJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(=O)C=C VFZKVQVQOMDJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUWXDEQWWKGHRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C(Cl)=C1 HUWXDEQWWKGHRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UENRXLSRMCSUSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 UENRXLSRMCSUSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCNCZASVJWGNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethyl-5-methyl-1h-imidazol-4-yl)propanenitrile Chemical compound CCC1=NC(CCC#N)=C(C)N1 UCNCZASVJWGNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVYPJEBKDLFIDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylimidazol-1-yl)propanenitrile Chemical class N#CCCN1C=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BVYPJEBKDLFIDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFEXPVDGVLNUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-aminophenyl)sulfanylaniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(SC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 JFEXPVDGVLNUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMPZWXKBGSQATE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N)=C1 ZMPZWXKBGSQATE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKOFBUUFHALZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(3-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(CC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 CKOFBUUFHALZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGWQCROGAHMWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 FGWQCROGAHMWSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVUCUHVQYAPMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C(C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 UVUCUHVQYAPMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVXYMCJCMDTSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(3-aminophenyl)propan-2-yl]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(N)=C1 DVXYMCJCMDTSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFBKIKKAUTUAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(3-aminophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)C(=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=C1 WFBKIKKAUTUAHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWNABCFITWBKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(3-aminophenyl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 WWNABCFITWBKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBUNNYTXPDCASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[2-[3-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C=CC=2)C(C=2C=C(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)C=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 GBUNNYTXPDCASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWUJUIPIZSDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[2-[3-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC(OC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 FJWUJUIPIZSDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFIONUVRAOILLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical group NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)C=CC=2)=C1 MFIONUVRAOILLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLFCXXUMDWEXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[[3-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(CC=3C=C(OC=4C=C(N)C=CC=4)C=CC=3)C=CC=2)=C1 OLFCXXUMDWEXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBPVOEHZEWAJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 LBPVOEHZEWAJKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POXPSTWTPRGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(3-aminophenyl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 POXPSTWTPRGRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFTFTIALAXXIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[2-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 MFTFTIALAXXIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYRFBMFAUFUULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[2-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 NYRFBMFAUFUULG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCQABCHSIIXVOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical group NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 UCQABCHSIIXVOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JERFEOKUSPGKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfanylphenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(SC=3C=CC(OC=4C=C(N)C=CC=4)=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 JERFEOKUSPGKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCXGOVYROJJXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfonylphenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 WCXGOVYROJJXHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMXOEWEUZTWAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(CC=3C=CC(OC=4C=C(N)C=CC=4)=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 YSMXOEWEUZTWAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUUBODMNDCMSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[6-amino-3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,4,5,9-tetrahydropurin-2-yl]propan-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC(CCCO)N(CCCO)C2N=CNC12 IUUBODMNDCMSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJTRCPVECIHPBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyclohexylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C2CCCCC2)=C1 UJTRCPVECIHPBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WECDUOXQLAIPQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-methylaniline) Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 WECDUOXQLAIPQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUEXNLBVFZOZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,4-dicarboxy-2,5,6-trifluorophenyl)-3,5,6-trifluorophthalic acid Chemical compound FC1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=C(F)C(F)=C1C1=C(F)C(F)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1F DUEXNLBVFZOZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFWOMRPNOZASKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,4-dicarboxy-2-fluorophenyl)-3-fluorophthalic acid Chemical compound FC1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1F DFWOMRPNOZASKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKQWDTFZUNGWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,4-dicarboxycyclohexyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)CCC1C1CC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)CC1 BKQWDTFZUNGWNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJQNNDPSTVJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4,5-dicarboxy-2-fluorophenyl)-5-fluorophthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(F)=C1C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1F MJQNNDPSTVJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJOAIOIVLVUPST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-amino-2-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxyaniline Chemical compound COC1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1OC YJOAIOIVLVUPST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MITHMOYLTXMLRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-aminophenyl)sulfinylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MITHMOYLTXMLRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Aminophenyl ether Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMMZSOGDIDWWJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)-dimethylsilyl]oxyphthalic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=CC=1O[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 AMMZSOGDIDWWJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMHOXRVODFQGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,6-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C(C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C)C(N)=C(C)C=2)=C1 OMHOXRVODFQGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDGNCGOMVIKQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 UDGNCGOMVIKQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPUFMXDJOAWORX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)phenyl]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ZPUFMXDJOAWORX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEKFRNOZJSYWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-aminophenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BEKFRNOZJSYWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYEDGEXYGKWJPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-aminophenyl)propan-2-yl]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(N)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 ZYEDGEXYGKWJPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQMLTKRIXDVJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[3-[2-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phthalic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 FQMLTKRIXDVJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGUJJOYLOCXENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 DGUJJOYLOCXENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHFFQXYMIIPHEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[4-[2-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl]propan-2-yl]phthalic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 JHFFQXYMIIPHEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPXPVQMMSFWFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3,4-dicarboxy-2,5,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3,5,6-tris(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C(C(F)(F)F)C(C=2C(=C(C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=2C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1C(F)(F)F JPXPVQMMSFWFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQHNNQBNJNKIGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3,4-dicarboxy-2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(F)(F)F)C(C(=O)O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(F)(F)F CQHNNQBNJNKIGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPUVXAVCOWSOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3,4-dicarboxy-2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1C1=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(F)(F)F PPUVXAVCOWSOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLLLOESJMWEAAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3,4-dicarboxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(F)(F)F JLLLOESJMWEAAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQUSLIBGUTZKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenoxy]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1 GQUSLIBGUTZKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGJAHBYJESEUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)phenyl]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1 QGJAHBYJESEUHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUPRYUDHUFLKFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 WUPRYUDHUFLKFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOVVHULZWVFIOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(4-aminophenyl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 BOVVHULZWVFIOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHGVFBMNQVPZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[2-[3-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenoxy]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(C(C=2C=C(OC=3C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=3)C(O)=O)C=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 OHGVFBMNQVPZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLDQMQOYNIAUGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[2-[3-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]phthalic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC(OC=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 WLDQMQOYNIAUGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJMZKMOQJDOAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[2-[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(C(C=2C=C(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)C=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 WJMZKMOQJDOAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOCLRAYUOZLPKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[2-[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC(OC=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 LOCLRAYUOZLPKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCJSCAOEKCHDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenoxy]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)C=CC=2)=C1 HCJSCAOEKCHDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVIGQQBEFCXWRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical group C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(C=2C=C(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)C=CC=2)=C1 WVIGQQBEFCXWRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARUZFZXWTWJCQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[[3-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(CC=2C=C(OC=3C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=3)C(O)=O)C=CC=2)=C1 ARUZFZXWTWJCQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXZCKKLBICAHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-[[3-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(CC=2C=C(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)C=CC=2)=C1 IXZCKKLBICAHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDTGSTSUJPGOOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4,5-dicarboxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(=C(C(O)=O)C=2)C(O)=O)C(F)(F)F)=C1C(F)(F)F MDTGSTSUJPGOOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXFLSAWIWHCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)phenyl]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)C=C1 SIXFLSAWIWHCSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCRRFJIVUPSNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 JCRRFJIVUPSNTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBSMHWVGUPQNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-aminophenyl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)C=C1 QBSMHWVGUPQNJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHLMWQDRYZAENA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[2-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C(C=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)C=C1 HHLMWQDRYZAENA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMKWGXGSGPYISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[2-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 KMKWGXGSGPYISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDFYRFKAYFZVNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenoxy]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 LDFYRFKAYFZVNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYDATEKARGDBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical group C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)=CC=2)C=C1 HYDATEKARGDBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXTPNMJRVQKNRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfanylphenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1SC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 SXTPNMJRVQKNRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTDAGHZGKXPRQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfonylphenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC(N)=CC=3)=CC=2)C=C1 UTDAGHZGKXPRQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJKPPKGOOLEFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[[4-(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]phthalic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 BJKPPKGOOLEFNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJCCVNKHRXIAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-[[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methyl]phenoxy]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 PJCCVNKHRXIAHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical group FC(F)(F)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C(F)(F)F NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPAQFJJCWGSXGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-n-(4-aminophenyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 XPAQFJJCWGSXGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXNHGZAPOSHJMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1h-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)(C=C)N1 JXNHGZAPOSHJMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-2-enoyloxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCOC(=O)C=C JHWGFJBTMHEZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQVIHDPBMFABCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-carbonyl)-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C(C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 VQVIHDPBMFABCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MINKUHKPAOIZCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(3,4-dicarboxy-5-fluorophenyl)-3-fluorophthalic acid Chemical compound FC1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=C(F)C=2)C(O)=O)=C1 MINKUHKPAOIZCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQGYZOYWNCKGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)oxy]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(OC=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 QQGYZOYWNCKGEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHHKLPCQTTWFSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[2-(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-yl]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C(C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3=CC=2)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1 QHHKLPCQTTWFSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSKGYNLAQHUZHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3,4-dicarboxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C=C(C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=2)C(F)(F)F)=C1 YSKGYNLAQHUZHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXLWDMQHLSUVIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[4,5-dicarboxy-2,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)phthalic acid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=C(C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=2)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F)=C1C(F)(F)F OXLWDMQHLSUVIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBTGUNMUUYNPLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[4-[(1,3-dioxo-2-benzofuran-5-yl)oxy]phenoxy]-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(OC2=CC=C(C=C2)OC=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 BBTGUNMUUYNPLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHLKOHSAWQPOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical class N1C=NC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XHLKOHSAWQPOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5K8XI641G3 Chemical class CCC1=NC=C(C)N1 ULKLGIFJWFIQFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXLYUNPVVODNRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=C)=N1 ZXLYUNPVVODNRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FIHBHSQYSYVZQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHLWTWUMSPIQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-bis(trifluoromethyl)xanthene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C2=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C2=C1C=C(C(=O)O)C(C(O)=O)=C2 RHLWTWUMSPIQMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYFUAJUYFVNYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-phenyl-9-(trifluoromethyl)xanthene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=2OC2=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C1(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 VYFUAJUYFVNYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPAKUZKMGJJMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)CC1C(O)=O ZPAKUZKMGJJMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Docosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ORAWFNKFUWGRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMTLVUCMBWBYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 WMTLVUCMBWBYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCSBFRIHQXBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 AXCSBFRIHQXBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQHKDHVZYZUZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)C=C CQHKDHVZYZUZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUOBEAZXHLTYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)butyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(CC)COC(=O)C=C TUOBEAZXHLTYLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSKCRYMJUCLQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(2,3-diethoxy-4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2,3-diethoxyphenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC1=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C(=C(OCC)C(OC(=O)C=C)=CC=2)OCC)=C1OCC YSKCRYMJUCLQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=C1 FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NJYZCEFQAIUHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoguanamine Chemical compound CC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 NJYZCEFQAIUHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IBVAQQYNSHJXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid dihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCC(=O)NN IBVAQQYNSHJXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCAIEATUVJFSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O GCAIEATUVJFSMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JERAEGPJHSIFOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(nitro)carbamic acid Chemical group OC(=O)N([N+]([O-])=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JERAEGPJHSIFOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKDVBBSUAGJUBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)C1C(C(O)=O)C2C(O)=O BKDVBBSUAGJUBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYJFTSJZXHMIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-amino-4-chlorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(N)=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(N)C(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 KYJFTSJZXHMIEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQHONQTZEHHWKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-amino-4-methoxyphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C(N)=C1 BQHONQTZEHHWKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQQUUXMCKXGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-aminophenyl)methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(N)C=CC=2)=C1 TUQQUUXMCKXGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPRCOLKIYRSNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OCC2OC2)C=1C(=O)OCC1CO1 JRPRCOLKIYRSNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZPAETVIVPKYDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)O.C(C=C)(=O)O.C(C1CO1)OC(C=1C(C(=O)OCC2CO2)=CC=CC1)=O AZPAETVIVPKYDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPCCFJZBAILZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[3-amino-4-(4-phenylphenoxy)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(N)C(OC=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=CC=C1OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VPCCFJZBAILZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBRLKRNNIMVXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(=O)C=2C=CC(OC=3C=C(N)C=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 BBRLKRNNIMVXOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004842 bisphenol F epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bpda Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC(C=2C=C3C(=O)OC(C3=CC=2)=O)=C1 WKDNYTOXBCRNPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- CURBACXRQKTCKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1C(O)=O CURBACXRQKTCKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC=CC1C(O)=O IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMEJCQZFRMVYGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)C1C(O)=O SMEJCQZFRMVYGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STZIXLPVKZUAMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,1,2,2-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCC1(C(O)=O)C(O)=O STZIXLPVKZUAMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWLIYXJBOIDXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)NN ZWLIYXJBOIDXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical class C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJZKUDYOSCNJPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dotetracontanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LJZKUDYOSCNJPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O UAUDZVJPLUQNMU-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCN PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEEPBTVZSYQUDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptatriacontanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O FEEPBTVZSYQUDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKVQXYMNVZNJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacosanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O RKVQXYMNVZNJHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O HSEMFIZWXHQJAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHIXMQGGBKDGTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexatetracontanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O BHIXMQGGBKDGTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolamine Chemical class NCO XMYQHJDBLRZMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JAOPKYRWYXCGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)methanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 JAOPKYRWYXCGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMRGZRVLZQSNHC-ZCXUNETKSA-N n-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]hexadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC VMRGZRVLZQSNHC-ZCXUNETKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYMPOPAPQCIHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(decanoylamino)ethyl]decanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCC KYMPOPAPQCIHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJWFNQUDPJTSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DJWFNQUDPJTSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004843 novolac epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOROJDSDNILMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N octatriacontanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O WGOROJDSDNILMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOQDVIVTFCTQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacontanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O WOQDVIVTFCTQCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940059574 pentaerithrityl Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMSVUULWTOXCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene-1,2,7,8-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(C(=O)O)C(C(O)=O)=C3C=CC2=C1C(O)=O UMSVUULWTOXCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WZESLRDFSNLECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOC1=CC=CC=C1 WZESLRDFSNLECD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCDXIADKBDSBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanetriol Chemical compound OC(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CCDXIADKBDSBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pigment red 224 Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(OC4=O)=O)C2=C4C=CC=1C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C4=CC=C3C1=C42 CLYVDMAATCIVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002454 poly(glycidyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoic acid;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 QCTJRYGLPAFRMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAIDIRVMPHBRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,2,3-triol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(O)CO FAIDIRVMPHBRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N protonated dimethyl amine Natural products CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate, particularly a laminate that can be used as an insulating layer for electronic parts such as printed wiring boards, a cured product thereof, and an electronic part containing the same.
- solder resist An insulating film called solder resist is formed on the surface of printed wiring boards used in various electronic devices. Since a general solder resist has a gloss finish, even a slight scratch on the solder resist during the printed wiring board manufacturing process and the subsequent component mounting process results in poor appearance, which is one of the causes of a decrease in yield. In order to avoid or reduce the percentage of poor appearance due to such slight scratches, a matte tone solder resist is often desired. In addition, there is a demand for a matte solder resist from the viewpoint of enhancing the concealability of circuits and improving the appearance of substrates.
- Patent Document 1 As a method of obtaining a matte solder resist, it has been proposed to use a specific resin composition as a solder resist composition (for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 mutually incompatible components are used as components of a composition for a solder resist to cause irregular reflection of light incident on the surface of the solder resist, thereby reducing glossiness.
- Patent Document 2 it is taught that by roughening the surface of the solder resist layer, the glossiness is suppressed and a matte solder resist is obtained (for example, Patent Document 2).
- Patent Literature 2 describes obtaining a matte solder resist by a physical surface roughening technique in which a solder resist composition is applied onto a blasted support.
- the present invention provides a laminate that exhibits a matte appearance after curing, has excellent circuit hiding properties, and has good mechanical properties and resolution, a cured product thereof, and an electronic component containing the same. intended to provide
- a laminate comprising a resin layer (A) and a resin layer (B) provided on the resin layer (A), wherein the resin layer (A) is , the first gloss value is 50 or more, the second gloss value is 30 or less, and the resin layer (B) has a third gloss value of 50 or more.
- the above problems are solved.
- a laminate comprising a resin layer (A) and a resin layer (B) provided on the resin layer (A), wherein the resin layer (A) is a block copolymer resin (A1), (A2) a photopolymerizable compound, and the resin layer (B) contains (B1) an alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin to solve the above problems.
- the (A1) block copolymer resin of the present invention is of XYX type and preferably has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 20,000 to 400,000.
- the (A2) photopolymerizable compound of the present invention has the following general formula (I) (In general formula (I), R1 means a hydrogen atom or a methyl group) It is preferably a compound represented by.
- the laminate of the present invention further includes a first film and a second film, and can be provided with the first film, the resin layer (A), the resin layer (B) and the second film in this order.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by the cured product of the laminate described above.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by an electronic component having the cured product of the present invention.
- the laminate of the present invention When the laminate of the present invention is applied to a substrate such as a printed wiring board, when the laminate is cured by a treatment such as heating, it can be used in both the manufacture and use of electronic devices. It provides mechanical properties and resolution that satisfactorily protect , and has a matte appearance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate according to another embodiment of the invention
- It is a figure for demonstrating the example of the processing process which manufactures the hardened
- the laminate of the present invention has the form of a laminate having a resin layer (A) and a resin layer (B) provided on the resin layer (A). have.
- the resin layer (B) of the laminate is arranged so as to be in contact with a substrate (not shown) such as an electronic component such as a printed wiring board, and the resin layer (A) covers the resin layer (B). It is spaced apart from the substrate via the substrate.
- the laminate After the laminate is placed on the substrate as described above, it is subjected to exposure processing and heat curing, and as a cured film, it can be used as a solder resist, coverlay application, other circuit protective film, etc. to protect the substrate in the manufacturing process, and Even after the product is completed, it exists on the substrate and plays a role of protecting it. Curing of the laminate is performed by heat treatment after exposure.
- the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) are composed of the photosensitive resin composition (A) and the photosensitive resin composition (B), respectively.
- the laminate of the present invention is generally subjected to an exposure process, a heat curing process, a development process, a component mounting process, and a reheating process, and becomes a cured product after the heat curing process.
- the gloss value of the resin layer that constitutes the laminate fluctuates during the above-described series of steps such as exposure treatment and heat treatment.
- the term "heat curing” means that the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) are heated to a temperature at which the thermosetting components contained in the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) are crosslinked (for example, 150° C. or higher) for a predetermined time. is cured, that is, the photosensitive resin composition is cured by heating.
- the resin layer (A) used in the laminate of the present invention is arranged on the substrate with the resin layer (B) interposed therebetween as described above, and after the predetermined treatment described later, the resin layer of the resin layer (A) is
- the first gloss value and the second gloss value of the surface on the side not in contact with (B) show predetermined values. .
- the first gloss value in the laminate of the present invention includes (i) a resin layer (B) provided on a substrate and composed of a photosensitive resin composition (B), and on this resin layer (B), the substrate After exposing a laminate comprising a resin layer (A) provided on the opposite side and composed of a photosensitive resin composition (A) from the resin layer (A) side and before heat curing, It corresponds to the value obtained as the gloss value of the outer surface of the resin layer (A) in the laminate.
- the laminate comprises a first film in contact with the resin layer (A) and/or a second film in contact with the resin layer (B)
- the second film is peeled off so that the resin layer (B) is in contact with the substrate.
- the first gloss value is 50 or more, preferably 70-100.
- the laminate having the first film on it is exposed to the resin layer (A ) side, the first gloss value is measured.
- the first gloss value is measured 10 minutes after the first film is peeled off after the ultraviolet irradiation.
- the second gloss value in the laminate of the present invention is (ii) the laminate after exposure for which the first gloss value is measured as described above, and further using hot air circulating drying to obtain a gloss value of 60% at 150°C. It corresponds to a value obtained by measuring the gloss value of the outer surface of the resin layer (A) in this laminate after performing a heat treatment for minutes.
- the heat-curing conditions for measuring the second gloss value do not limit the heat-curing conditions when the laminate of the present invention is used (mounted) in an electronic device or the like. That is, the heat-curing conditions when using the laminate of the present invention can be appropriately selected from the conditions described in the heat-curing step described later.
- the gloss value of the resin layer (A) is the same or substantially the same as the entire resin layer (A). ) is used for a portion of the surface (outer surface) that is not in contact with the surface.
- the third gloss value in the laminate of the present invention is obtained by (iii) the resin layer (A) provided on the substrate and the resin layer (A) provided on the surface of the resin layer (A) opposite to the substrate. It is a value obtained as a gloss value of the outer surface of the resin layer (B) in the laminate after the laminate including the layer (B) has been exposed and heat-cured. That is, it is measured in the same procedure as the second gloss value, except that the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) are stacked on the substrate in a different order.
- the laminate comprises a first film in contact with the resin layer (A) and/or a second film in contact with the resin layer (B)
- the first film is peeled off and the resin layer (A) is in contact with the substrate.
- a vacuum laminator CVP-300: manufactured by Nikko Material Co., Ltd.
- lamination was performed in the first chamber at 80 ° C. under the conditions of a vacuum pressure of 3 hPa and a vacuum time of 30 seconds, and then a press pressure of 0.5 MPa.
- gloss value in the present invention refers to the light at an incident angle of 60 ° to the laminate placed horizontally using a gloss meter (micro-TRI-gloss) manufactured by BYK Additives & Instruments It means the value measured by irradiation.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the laminate before it is applied to an electronic device or the like.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) is applied onto the first film 1 (e.g., carrier film or support film), dried, and then the photosensitive resin composition (B) is applied onto the resin layer (A). is applied and dried, and the second film 2 is laminated on the photosensitive resin composition (B). That is, FIG. 2 shows a dry film (laminate) in a laminated state.
- first film 1 e.g., carrier film or support film
- the photosensitive resin composition (B) is applied onto the resin layer (A).
- the second film 2 is laminated on the photosensitive resin composition (B). That is, FIG. 2 shows a dry film (laminate) in a laminated state.
- the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) are each diluted with an organic solvent or the like to adjust the viscosity to about 0.1 dPa s to 200 dPa s, and the photosensitive resin composition (A) is , according to a conventional method, using a known device such as a comma coater, to coat one surface of the first film 1 . After that, it is usually dried at a temperature of 50 to 140° C. for 1 to 30 minutes to form a dried resin layer (A) on the first film 1 .
- the photosensitive resin composition (B) whose viscosity has been adjusted is applied and dried to make contact with the first film 1.
- a laminated body is produced which consists of the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) which are provided at the same time.
- the laminate of the present invention may have the first film 1 and other films or resin layers as long as it is a laminate containing the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B).
- the resin layer (B) is provided on the substrate side, and the resin layer (A) is provided on the opposite side of the substrate via the resin layer (B) to the surface of the electronic device. This will form a more visible surface layer.
- the surface of the resin layer (B) of the laminate opposite to the resin layer (A) is further provided with a peelable layer.
- a second film 2 (for example a cover film or protective film) can be laminated.
- the first film 1 and the second film 2 conventionally known plastic films can be appropriately used, and the adhesion between the second film 2 and the resin layer (B) is determined by the first film 1 and the resin layer (A) is preferably smaller than the adhesive strength of Since the laminate 10 of the present invention is applied to the above substrate by first peeling off the second film 2, this operation is facilitated by controlling the adhesive force as described above.
- the thickness of the first film 1 and the second film 2 is not particularly limited, but is generally selected appropriately within the range of 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- a laminate having a four-layer structure in which the first film 1, the resin layer (A), the resin layer (B), and the second film 2 are laminated in this order is manufactured as a dry film.
- the laminate of the present invention may be supported or protected with a film (either the first film 1 or the second film 2) on only one side, or may be a laminate containing no film.
- the laminate (dry film) of the present invention may be wound into a roll. From the viewpoint of coating film strength, the interface between each layer may be familiar.
- the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) have high adhesion, and when the first film 1 or the second film 2 is peeled off, or when there are other layers to be peeled off as a laminate, It is preferable that the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) adhere to each other when the layers to be peeled off form a highly durable permanent film.
- the laminate obtained as described above is applied to a substrate (target to be protected) such as a printed wiring board, and functions as a solder resist, coverlay or other circuit protective film.
- a substrate target to be protected
- the laminate has the second film 2, it is peeled off, and the entire surface of the resin layer (B) is arranged so as to face the surface to be protected of the substrate, and is pressed using a laminator. Thereby, the laminate and the substrate are brought into close contact with each other.
- a vacuum laminator or the like to bond under pressure and heat.
- the pressurizing condition is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 MPa, and the heating condition is preferably 40 to 120°C.
- the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) are individually prepared as dry films, and the dry films are applied to the surface to be protected of the circuit board.
- a method of sequentially laminating can also be used. That is, first, the resin layer (B) is formed on the circuit board by laminating the dry film of the resin layer (B) on the circuit board. After that, by laminating the dry film of the resin layer (A) on the resin layer (B), the laminate of the present invention formed on the circuit board can be obtained.
- the photosensitive resin composition (B) is applied directly to the electronic device, dried, and then the photosensitive resin composition (A ) may be applied and dried to form a laminate.
- a resin layer (B) made of the photosensitive resin composition (B) and a resin layer (A) made of the photosensitive resin composition (A) are laminated in this order from the electronic device side, and the resin layers (B) and (A) are laminated. constitutes the laminate of the present invention in close contact with the electronic device.
- the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) used in this case are also subjected to viscosity adjustment using an organic solvent, coating, drying, etc., in the same manner as the laminate provided on the film.
- the organic solvent used for adjusting the viscosity is appropriately selected from known organic solvents as described later.
- photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) can be performed by known equipment such as a blade coater, a lip coater, a film coater, etc., in addition to the comma coater described above.
- the laminate thus produced is cured by a curing treatment described later to form a permanent coating on electronic equipment (protection target) of the printed wiring board.
- the resin layer (A) of the laminate according to the present invention has a surface that does not face the resin layer (B), that is, the surface (outer surface) that is the outermost layer of the printed wiring board or the like and is visible. It changes in each process such as processing.
- the first gloss value of the resin layer (A) is 50 or more, preferably 70 or more and 100 or less. When the first gloss value is 50 or more, good resolution can be obtained.
- the resin layer (A) of the laminate according to the present invention has a second gloss value of 30 or less, preferably 1 or more and 20 or less.
- the second gloss value is 30 or less, a good matte appearance can be exhibited.
- the resin layer (B) used in the laminate of the present invention has a third gloss value of 50 or more, preferably 70 or more and 100 or less. Good mechanical properties can be obtained when the gloss value of the outer surface of the resin layer (B) is 50 or more.
- the thickness of the resin layer (B) after coating and drying is generally 1 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 120 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the resin layer (A) is generally 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 2 30 ⁇ m, and the total film thickness of both is preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m. Moreover, it is preferable that the film thickness of the resin layer (B) is larger than the film thickness of the resin layer (A).
- the laminate of the present invention and its cured product are preferably developable when applied as a solder resist or the like.
- at least any of the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) It is preferable to contain an alkali-soluble resin, particularly a carboxyl group-containing resin, in one or both.
- an alkali-soluble resin particularly a carboxyl group-containing resin
- thermosetting resins since all of them are made into cured products through thermosetting, they contain thermosetting resins.
- the components of the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) are described below.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) constituting the resin layer (A) exhibiting the first gloss value and the second gloss value generally contains an alkali-soluble resin such as a carboxyl group-containing resin, and is thermosetting. It preferably contains a resin, and may further contain a polyimide resin, an aromatic resin, a photosensitive resin, and a methyl methacrylate-based comb-shaped polymer. In order for the photosensitive resin composition (A) to achieve a desired gloss value, it is necessary to add a component that is incompatible with the resin in the photosensitive resin composition (A).
- polyamideimide showing incompatibility with polyimide resin fatty acid containing heteroatom showing incompatibility with carboxyl group-containing resin, or aliphatic block copolymer resin showing incompatibility with aromatic resin
- examples include alicyclic photopolymerizable compounds that are incompatible with photosensitive resins, and silicone compounds that are incompatible with methyl methacrylate-based comb-shaped polymers.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) may further optionally contain a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator.
- thermosetting resin or photopolymerizable compound mixed with high molecular weight components such as alkali-soluble resins, polyimide resins, and polyamideimide resins
- Resin layer (A) using product (A) exhibits the desired gloss value of the present invention.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but for example, the total amount of the thermosetting resin and the photopolymerizable compound can be 30 to 170 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the high molecular weight component.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) preferably contains an alkali-soluble resin as described above, and any known alkali-soluble resin can be used, and a carboxyl group-containing resin is particularly preferred.
- Specific examples of the alkali-soluble resin that can be used in the photosensitive resin composition (A) include the following.
- Carboxyl group-containing resin having an imide structure and an amide structure Carboxyl group-containing resin having an imide structure and an amide structure, particularly having a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and a structure represented by the following general formula (2)
- a polyamideimide group-containing resin can be used.
- X 1 is a residue of an aliphatic diamine (a) derived from a dimer acid having 24 to 48 carbon atoms.
- X2 is the residue of an aromatic diamine ( b ) with a carboxyl group.
- Each Y is independently a cyclohexane ring or an aromatic ring.
- polyamideimide resins having such a structure include those represented by the following general formula (3).
- X is each independently a diamine residue
- Y is each independently an aromatic ring or cyclohexane ring
- Z is a residue of a diisocyanate compound.
- n is a natural number.
- Carboxyl group-containing resin having an imide structure but no amide structure is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin having a carboxyl group and an imide ring. .
- a known and commonly used method of introducing an imide ring into a carboxyl group-containing resin can be used. Examples thereof include resins obtained by reacting a carboxylic anhydride component with an amine component and/or an isocyanate component.
- the imidization may be carried out by thermal imidization or by chemical imidization, and these may be used in combination for production.
- examples of the carboxylic acid anhydride component include tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides and tricarboxylic acid anhydrides, but are not limited to these acid anhydrides. Any compound having a physical group and a carboxyl group can be used, including derivatives thereof. Also, these carboxylic acid anhydride components may be used alone or in combination.
- tetracarboxylic anhydrides include pyromellitic dianhydride, 3-fluoropyromellitic dianhydride, 3,6-difluoropyromellitic dianhydride, 3,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyro mellitic dianhydride, 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4,4′-oxydiphthalic dianhydride anhydride, 2,2'-difluoro-3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 5,5'-difluoro-3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride anhydride, 6,6'-difluoro-3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2
- diamines such as aliphatic diamines and aromatic diamines, polyvalent amines such as aliphatic polyetheramines, diamines having a carboxylic acid, diamines having a phenolic hydroxyl group, and the like can be used. is not limited to Also, these amine components may be used alone or in combination.
- diisocyanates such as aromatic diisocyanates and their isomers and polymers, aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates and their isomers, and other general-purpose diisocyanates can be used. It is not limited. Also, these isocyanate components may be used alone or in combination.
- diisocyanates include aromatic diisocyanates such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, biphenyl diisocyanate, diphenylsulfone diisocyanate, and diphenyl ether diisocyanate, isomers thereof, polymers, and hexamethylene diisocyanate. , isophorone diisocyanate, and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, or alicyclic diisocyanates and isomers obtained by hydrogenating the above aromatic diisocyanates, or other general-purpose diisocyanates.
- aromatic diisocyanates such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, biphenyl diisocyan
- the carboxyl group-containing resin not having an imide structure is not particularly limited as long as it is a conventionally known various carboxyl group-containing resin having a carboxyl group.
- a carboxyl group-containing resin having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond in the molecule is more preferable from the viewpoint of photocurability and development resistance.
- the unsaturated double bond is preferably derived from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or derivatives thereof.
- the carboxyl group-containing resin the following compounds (both oligomers and polymers may be used) can be suitably used.
- (3-1) Carboxyl group-containing compounds obtained by copolymerizing unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth)acrylic acid and unsaturated group-containing compounds such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, lower alkyl (meth)acrylates, and isobutylene resin.
- Diisocyanates such as aliphatic diisocyanates, branched aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates, and aromatic diisocyanates; Carboxyl group-containing urethane obtained by polyaddition reaction of diol compounds such as ether-based polyols, polyester-based polyols, polyolefin-based polyols, acrylic polyols, bisphenol A-based alkylene oxide adduct diols, and compounds having phenolic hydroxyl groups and alcoholic hydroxyl groups resin.
- diol compounds such as ether-based polyols, polyester-based polyols, polyolefin-based polyols, acrylic polyols, bisphenol A-based alkylene oxide adduct diols, and compounds having phenolic hydroxyl groups and alcoholic hydroxyl groups resin.
- (3-3) Diisocyanate and bifunctional epoxy resin such as bisphenol A type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, bixylenol type epoxy resin, biphenol type epoxy resin A carboxyl group-containing photosensitive urethane resin produced by a polyaddition reaction of (meth)acrylate or its partial acid anhydride-modified product, a carboxyl group-containing dialcohol compound and a diol compound.
- a carboxyl group-containing photosensitive resin obtained by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with a polyfunctional (solid) epoxy resin having two or more functionalities and adding a dibasic acid anhydride to the hydroxyl groups present in the side chains.
- a bifunctional oxetane resin is reacted with a dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid, phthalic acid and hexahydrophthalic acid, and the resulting primary hydroxyl group is treated with phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride and the like.
- a carboxyl group-containing polyester resin to which a dibasic acid anhydride is added.
- (meth)acrylate is a generic term for acrylate, methacrylate and mixtures thereof, and the same applies to other similar expressions.
- the carboxyl group-containing resin preferably used as the alkali-soluble resin of the present invention as described above preferably has an acid value of 20 to 200 mgKOH/g, more preferably 60 to 150 mgKOH/g, in order to be compatible with the photolithography process. g is more preferred.
- the acid value is 20 mgKOH/g or more, the solubility in alkali is increased, the developability is improved, and the degree of crosslinking with the thermosetting component after light irradiation is increased, so that sufficient development contrast is obtained. Obtainable.
- the molecular weight of such a carboxyl group-containing resin is preferably a mass average molecular weight Mw of 100,000 or less, more preferably 1,000 to 100,000, in consideration of developability and cured film properties. 2,000 to 50,000 is more preferred.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- the alkali solubility of the unexposed area is increased and the developability is improved.
- the molecular weight is 1,000 or more, sufficient development resistance and cured physical properties can be obtained in the exposed area after exposure and PEB.
- thermosetting resin used in photosensitive resin composition (A) The photosensitive resin composition (A) preferably contains a thermosetting resin.
- a thermosetting resin a conventionally known thermosetting resin can be used, and a known and commonly used resin having a functional group capable of a thermal curing reaction such as a cyclic (thio) ether group, such as an epoxy resin, can be used. be done.
- epoxy resin examples include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, brominated epoxy resin, novolac type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, glycidylamine type epoxy resin, hydantoin type epoxy resin, alicyclic Epoxy resins, trihydroxyphenylmethane type epoxy resins, bixylenol type or biphenol type epoxy resins, or mixtures thereof; bisphenol S type epoxy resins, bisphenol A novolac type epoxy resins, tetraphenylolethane type epoxy resins, heterocyclic epoxy resins , diglycidyl phthalate resin, tetraglycidyl xylenoyl ethane resin, naphthalene group-containing epoxy resin, epoxy resin having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton, glycidyl methacrylate copolymer epoxy resin, copolymer epoxy resin of cyclohexylmaleimide and glycidyl methacrylate,
- the equivalent ratio to the alkali-soluble resin should be 1:0.1 to 1:10. preferable. By setting the compounding ratio within such a range, the development becomes good and a fine pattern can be easily formed. More preferably, the equivalent ratio is 1:0.2 to 1:5.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) preferably contains a photopolymerizable compound, and is conventionally used in the production of solder resists and the like. Any photopolymerizable compound used can be used.
- Examples of the photopolymerizable compound contained in the photosensitive resin composition (A) include compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids added to polyhydric alcohols, Examples thereof include compounds obtained by adding ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid to compounds containing glycidyl groups, and the like.
- Compounds having one ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule include monofunctional (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylates, stearyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and other (meth)acrylates, acryloylmorpholine or tetrahydrofuranyl group (Meth)acrylates having a heterocyclic group such as, in particular, an oxygen-containing cyclic group can be used.
- monofunctional (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acryl
- Examples of monofunctional (meth)acrylates having an oxygen-containing cyclic group include compounds represented by the following general formula (I).
- R1 means a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Compounds having two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule include, for example, glycol diacrylates such as ethylene glycol, methoxytetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol; hexanediol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol , dipentaerythritol, tris-hydroxyethyl isocyanurate and other polyhydric alcohols, or polyhydric acrylates such as their ethyloxide adducts or propylene oxide adducts; phenoxy acrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, and ethylene of these phenols polyvalent acrylates such as oxide adducts or propylene oxide adducts; polyvalent acrylates of glycidyl ethers such as glycerol diglycidyl ether, glycerol triglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane trig
- Compounds obtained by adding an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid to a polyhydric alcohol include, for example, ethylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, and polypropylene.
- glycol diacrylate butylene glycol diacrylate, pentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, tetramethylolmethane triacrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate, glycerin diacrylate , pentaerythritol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, and the like, and at least one of methacrylates corresponding to the above acrylates.
- Compounds obtained by adding an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid to a glycidyl group-containing compound include, for example, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether diacrylate, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether triacrylate, bisphenol A glycidyl ether diacrylate, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester diacrylate, glycerol polyglycidyl ether polyacrylate, etc.; 2,2-bis(4-acryloyloxydiethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis-(4-acryloyl) oxypolyethoxyphenyl)propane, 2-hydroxy-3-acryloyloxypropyl acrylate, and at least one of methacrylates corresponding to the above acrylates.
- the above photopolymerizable compounds can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the photopolymerizable compound is preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 100 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the alkali-soluble resin in terms of solid content. is preferably 10 to 90 parts by weight, and more preferably 15 to 85 parts by weight.
- urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, and epoxy acrylate can be used as photopolymerizable compounds in the photosensitive resin composition (A) for the purpose of imparting toughness to the cured coating film.
- monofunctional (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, ) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and other (meth)acrylates, acryloylmorpholine and the like can also be used.
- Urethane acrylates include U-108A, UA-112P, UA-5201, UA-512, UA-412A, UA-4200, UA-4400, UA-340P, UA-2235PE and UA manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
- polyester acrylate As the polyester acrylate, Toagosei Co., Ltd. Aronix M-6100, M-6200, M-6250, M-6500, M-7100, M-7300K, M-8030, M-8060, M-8100, M- 8530 ⁇ M-8560 ⁇ M-9050;Double bond ⁇ Doublemer 2015 ⁇ Doublemer 2231-TFDoublemer 2319 ⁇ Doublemer 257 ⁇ Doublemer 276 ⁇ Doublemer 284 ⁇ Doublemer 2019 ⁇ Doublemer 2232 ⁇ Doublemer 236 ⁇ Doublemer 270 ⁇ Doublemer 278 ⁇ Doublemer 285 ⁇ Doublemer 220 ⁇ Doublemer 2315-100 ⁇ Doublemer 245 ⁇ Doublemer 272 ⁇ Doublemer 278X25 ⁇ Doublemer 286 ⁇ Doublemer 2230-TF ⁇ Doublemer 2315HM35 ⁇ Doublemer 246 ⁇ Doublemer 275 ⁇ Doublemer 281 ⁇ Do
- Epoxy (meth)acrylates include (meth)acrylates having a glycidyl group and modified products thereof, and examples of commercially available products include Doublemer 1283C, Doublemer 1700, Doublemer 1710, Doublemer 186 and Doublemer manufactured by Double bond.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include known and commonly used ones.
- a photopolymerization initiator that also functions as a photobase generator is suitable.
- a photopolymerization initiator is preferably added when the photosensitive resin composition (A) contains a photopolymerizable alkali-soluble resin or a photopolymerizable compound.
- a photopolymerization initiator and a photobase generator may be used together.
- the photopolymerization initiator which also functions as a photobase generator, changes its molecular structure by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet light or visible light, or when the molecule is cleaved, the polymerization reaction of the thermosetting resin described later is initiated.
- photopolymerization initiators also functioning as photobase generators include ⁇ -aminoacetophenone compounds, oxime ester compounds, acyloxyimino groups, N-formylated aromatic amino groups, N-acylated aromatic and compounds having substituents such as group amino groups, nitrobenzylcarbamate groups, alkoxybenzylcarbamate groups, and the like.
- oxime ester compounds and ⁇ -aminoacetophenone compounds are preferred, and oxime ester compounds are more preferred.
- ⁇ -aminoacetophenone compounds those having two or more nitrogen atoms are particularly preferred.
- Any ⁇ -aminoacetophenone compound may be used as long as it has a benzoin ether bond in the molecule and undergoes intramolecular cleavage when exposed to light to generate a basic substance (amine) that acts as a curing catalyst.
- any compound can be used as the oxime ester compound as long as it is a compound that generates a basic substance upon irradiation with light.
- the amount of the photopolymerization initiator in the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the alkali-soluble resin when the photosensitive resin composition contains an alkali-soluble resin. and more preferably 0.3 to 15 parts by mass.
- the amount is 0.1 part by mass or more, a good contrast of development resistance between the light-irradiated area and the non-irradiated area can be obtained.
- it is 40 parts by mass or less, the properties of the cured product are improved.
- the photosensitive resin composition (A) may contain a surfactant having a long-chain fatty acid group and a reactive group in its molecule.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited, and anionic, cationic, amphoteric, nonionic surfactants and the like can be used. It is preferable to use a surfactant that is solid at room temperature, and more preferably a fatty acid containing a heteroatom.
- fatty acid containing a heteroatom known compounds can be appropriately used, and in the present invention, for example, fatty acid amides dispersed in water can be mentioned.
- the type of fatty acid amide may be one commonly used. Specifically, saturated fatty acid monoamides such as lauric acid amide, palmitic acid amide, stearic acid amide and behenic acid amide, unsaturated fatty acid monoamides such as oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide and ricinoleic acid amide, N-stearyl stearin Substituted amides such as acid amide, N-oleyl oleic acid amide, N-stearyl oleic acid amide, N-oleyl stearic acid amide, N-stearyl erucic acid amide, N-oleyl palmitic acid amide, methylol stearic acid amide, methylolbehene Methylolamides such as acid amides
- the block copolymer resin generally means a copolymer resin having a molecular structure in which two or more types of polymer units having different properties are connected by covalent bonds to form a long chain.
- known and commonly used block copolymer resins can be used, and XY type or ternary or higher block copolymer resins are preferable, and XYX type block copolymer resins are more preferable.
- Each X in the XYX type block copolymer resin may be the same or different.
- X is preferably a polymer unit having a glass transition point Tg of 0°C or higher. More preferably, X is a polymer unit having a glass transition point Tg of 50°C or higher.
- Y is preferably a polymer unit having a glass transition point Tg of less than 0°C, more preferably a polymer unit having a glass transition point Tg of -20°C or less. The glass transition point Tg is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- block copolymer resin is preferably solid at 25°C. It may also be solid at temperatures outside this range. Since it is solid at the above temperature, it has excellent tackiness when it is formed into a dry film or when it is applied to a substrate and temporarily dried.
- XY type or XYX type block copolymer resins those in which X has high compatibility with the thermosetting resin are preferred, and those in which Y has low compatibility with the thermosetting resin. is preferred.
- a block copolymer resin in which the blocks at both ends are compatible with the matrix and the central block is incompatible with the matrix makes it easier to exhibit a specific structure in the matrix.
- the polymer unit X is preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), or the like
- the polymer unit Y is poly n-butyl (meth)acrylate (PBA), polybutadiene (PB), or the like.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PS polystyrene
- PB polybutadiene
- hydrophilic units with excellent compatibility with alkali-soluble resins such as styrene units, hydroxyl group-containing units, carboxyl group-containing units, epoxy group-containing units, and N-substituted acrylamide units are introduced into some of the polymer units X. Then, it becomes possible to further improve the compatibility. It is particularly preferable to introduce an epoxy group-containing unit into a part of the polymer units X.
- the polymer unit X is preferably polystyrene, polyglycidyl methacrylate, N-substituted polyacrylamide, polymethyl (meth) acrylate, or a carboxylic acid modified product or a hydrophilic group modified product thereof.
- Y is preferably poly n-butyl (meth) acrylate, polybutadiene, or the like.
- Each of X and Y may be composed of one kind of polymer unit, or may be composed of polymer units of two or more kinds of components.
- Examples of methods for producing block copolymer resins include the methods described in JP-A-2005-515281 and JP-A-2007-516326.
- XYX type block copolymer resins include acrylic triblock copolymers manufactured by Arkema Co., Ltd. manufactured using living polymerization.
- SBM type typified by polystyrene-polybutadiene-polymethyl methacrylate
- MAM type typified by polymethyl methacrylate-polybutyl acrylate-polymethyl methacrylate
- MAM N type modified with carboxylic acid or hydrophilic group.
- MAM A type SBM types include E41, E40, E21, E20, etc.
- MAM types include M51, M52, M53, M22, etc.
- MAM N types include 52N, 22N, etc.
- MAM A types include SM4032XM10, Nanostrength (registered trademark) series, such as M52N, M65N, and the like. Clarity manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. is also a block copolymer derived from methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate.
- the block copolymer resin As the block copolymer resin, a block copolymer resin synthesized by a living polymerization method and having a precisely controlled molecular structure is preferable for obtaining the effects of the present invention. This is probably because the block copolymer resin synthesized by the living polymerization method has a narrow molecular weight distribution and the characteristics of each unit become clear.
- the molecular weight distribution of the block copolymer resin to be used is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less.
- the molecular weight distribution is calculated based on the ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) measured by the method described later.
- the block copolymer resin (A1) of the present invention preferably has a mass average molecular weight Mw of 20,000 to 400,000, more preferably 80,000 to 350,000.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- the mass-average molecular weight of the block copolymer resin is 20,000 or more, the effect of improving flexibility and crack resistance is achieved without excessively increasing adhesiveness while providing mechanical properties such as flexibility and elasticity of the composition. and the tackiness is also improved.
- the weight average molecular weight is 400,000 or less, the viscosity of the composition does not become too high, and printability and developability are less likely to deteriorate.
- the mass average molecular weight and number average molecular weight are determined using a GPC (gel permeation chromatography) apparatus "GL7700" manufactured by GL Sciences Co., Ltd., and ⁇ -2500 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as a column. and ⁇ -4000, the eluents were 10 mM lithium bromide solution of NMP and 100 mM phosphoric acid solution of NMP, and polystyrene was used as a standard substance.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the block copolymer resin may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the block copolymer resin is preferably 1 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. parts, particularly preferably 3 to 40 parts by mass. Flexibility and heat resistance are improved when the blending amount of the block copolymer resin is 1 part by mass or more, and a good balance between flexibility and heat resistance is achieved when the blending amount is 60 parts by mass or less.
- the resin layer (B) is composed of a photosensitive resin composition (B) having a third gloss value of 50 or more.
- the photosensitive resin composition (B) generally contains an alkali-soluble resin such as a carboxyl group-containing resin, and further contains a thermosetting resin.
- the photosensitive resin composition (B) may further optionally contain a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the components such as the resin and the monomer in the composition are compatible with each other. That is, it does not contain a combination of components exhibiting incompatibility as described above.
- composition (B) Components that can be used in the photosensitive resin composition (B) are described below.
- Alkali-soluble resin in photosensitive resin composition (B) Also in the photosensitive resin composition (B), any known alkali-soluble resin can be used. Specific examples of usable alkali-soluble resins include photosensitive resins as long as they provide a predetermined gloss value. The alkali-soluble resins detailed with respect to composition (A) can be used.
- thermosetting resin in photosensitive resin composition (B) contains a thermosetting resin. Also in the photosensitive resin composition (B), the same compound as the thermosetting resin in the photosensitive resin composition (A) is used as long as a predetermined gloss value is obtained, and a heat-curable resin such as a cyclic (thio) ether group is used. A known and commonly used compound having a functional group capable of curing reaction with is preferably used, for example, an epoxy compound. Further, the details of the photopolymerizable compound and the photopolymerization initiator that can be used as components of the photosensitive resin composition (B) are as described in detail for the photosensitive resin composition (A).
- the amount of the photopolymerizable compound in the photosensitive resin composition (B) is 1 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the alkali-soluble resin. is preferred, and 5 to 80 parts by mass is more preferred.
- the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) can further contain the following components.
- Inorganic filler/extender Inorganic fillers and extender pigments can be blended in order to suppress curing shrinkage of the cured product and improve properties such as adhesion and hardness.
- examples of such inorganic fillers and extenders include barium sulfate, amorphous silica, fused silica, spherical silica, talc, clay, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon nitride, Examples include aluminum nitride, boron nitride, and Neuburg silicon earth.
- thermosetting catalyst can be blended into the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) used in the laminate of the present invention.
- thermosetting catalysts include imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 4-phenylimidazole, 1-cyanoethyl-2-phenylimidazole, 1- Imidazole derivatives such as (2-cyanoethyl)-2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole; dicyandiamide, benzyldimethylamine, 4-(dimethylamino)-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine, 4-methoxy-N,N-dimethylbenzyl amines, amine compounds such as 4-methyl-N,N-dimethylbenzylamine; hydrazine compounds such as adipic acid dihydrazide and sebacic acid dihydrazide; and
- commercially available products include, for example, 2MZ-A, 2MZ-OK, 2PHZ, 2P4BHZ, and 2P4MHZ manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd. (all are trade names of imidazole compounds), and U-CAT manufactured by San-Apro Co., Ltd. 3513N (trade name of dimethylamine compound), DBU, DBN, U-CAT SA 102 (all bicyclic amidine compounds and salts thereof), and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- thermosetting catalyst a compound which also functions as an adhesion imparting agent in combination with a thermosetting catalyst.
- One type of thermosetting catalyst may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the blending amount of the thermosetting catalyst is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 3 parts by mass in terms of solid content per total amount of the photosensitive resin composition.
- coloring agent As the colorant, known and commonly used colorants such as red, blue, green, yellow, white, and black can be blended, and any of pigments, dyes, and pigments can be used.
- Organic solvent can be blended for preparing the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) and for adjusting the viscosity for coating on the substrate or the first film 1 (carrier film).
- organic solvents include ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates, esters, alcohols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and petroleum solvents. Such organic solvents may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more.
- Further components such as mercapto compounds, adhesion promoters, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers can be blended as necessary.
- Known and commonly used materials can be used as these materials.
- known and commonly used thickeners such as finely divided silica, hydrotalcite, organic bentonite, and montmorillonite, antifoaming agents and/or leveling agents such as silicone-based, fluorine-based, and polymer-based agents, silane coupling agents, and rust inhibitors.
- Known and commonly used additives such as these can be blended.
- an exposure step In curing the laminate of the present invention, an exposure step is performed. In the exposure step, by irradiation with active energy rays (indicated by arrows in FIG. 3(b)), photopolymerization initiators and photobase generators contained in the resin layer (A), the resin layer (B), or both The photopolymerization initiator or photobase generator having the function of is activated in a negative pattern.
- an exposure machine a direct drawing apparatus, an exposure machine equipped with a metal halide lamp, or the like can be used.
- a mask for patternwise exposure is a negative mask.
- laser light or scattered light having a maximum wavelength in the range of 350 to 450 nm is preferably used.
- the photopolymerization initiator can be efficiently activated.
- the amount of exposure varies depending on the film thickness and the like, but is usually 100 to 1500 mJ/cm 2 .
- the exposed portion is cured by heating the resin layer.
- the photosensitive resin compositions (A) and (B) of the present invention contain a photopolymerization initiator functioning as a photobase generator, or both a photopolymerization initiator and a photobase generator, exposure
- the resin layer (B) can be hardened to the deep part by the base generated in the process.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 80-200.degree.
- the heating time is, for example, 10 to 100 minutes.
- PEB POST EXPOSURE BAKE
- a development process is performed.
- the unexposed portion is removed by alkali development to form a negative patterned insulating film, particularly a coverlay and a solder resist.
- a developing method a known method such as dipping can be used.
- sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, amines, imidazoles such as 2-methylimidazole, alkaline aqueous solutions such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution (TMAH), or mixtures thereof. can be used.
- the cured product of the laminate may be further irradiated with light or heated at, for example, 150° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 80 to 170° C., and the heating time is 5 to 100 minutes. Since the post-curing of the laminate 10 in the present invention is, for example, a ring-opening reaction of the epoxy resin by thermal reaction, it is possible to suppress distortion and cure shrinkage compared to the case where curing proceeds by photoradical reaction.
- Parts mounting process After being developed as described above, the cured product of the laminate of the present invention is subjected to a component mounting step (not shown). Through this step, various components are mounted on the substrate having the cured product of the present invention, and the electronic component of the present invention can be obtained.
- the cured laminate after component mounting can be subjected to a reheating process (not shown).
- the heating temperature in the reheating step is, for example, 120° C. to 300° C., particularly 250° C. to 300° C., and the heating time is, for example, 5 minutes to 120 minutes.
- the insulating film may be further irradiated with light.
- the cured product of the laminate of the present invention obtained in this way is subjected to a heat press by applying heat or pressure to the cured product in the manufacturing process of the cured product of the laminate, particularly in the component mounting process. Even if the gloss value increases and the matte surface is lost due to heating, the gloss value decreases again in this reheating step, and the matte surface can be obtained. Specifically, even when the gloss value of the outer surface of the cured product of the present invention is 50 or more, the gloss value of the outer surface is again reduced to 30 or less by performing a reheating step at 260 ° C. for 10 minutes. can do.
- the outermost layer (outer surface) of the resin layer (A) has a matte finish, even when the cured product is used as a part of an electronic device and commercialized, scratches or the like may occur. It is inconspicuous, improves the yield of products, and can meet the taste or demand for a matte appearance.
- the cured laminate of the present invention can satisfactorily conceal circuits of electronic devices such as printed wiring boards due to the presence of both the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B).
- the circuit concealability of the electronic device is improved as compared with the case of using either the resin layer (A) or the resin layer (B). It is presumed that this is the effect brought about by the difference in refractive index caused by the difference in composition of the photosensitive resin composition constituting the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B).
- the resin layer (A) is a layer showing incompatibility
- the resin layer (B) is a layer showing compatibility, so the refractive index of the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) There will be a difference in By applying the cured laminate having such a difference in refractive index between the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) on the circuit, the circuit is sufficiently hidden.
- the laminate of the present invention and the cured product obtained therefrom can be applied to rigid or flexible substrates, particularly printed wiring boards in which a copper circuit is formed on a rigid substrate.
- electronic components refer to components used in electronic circuits, including active components such as printed wiring boards, transistors, light-emitting diodes, and laser diodes, as well as passive components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and connectors.
- active components such as printed wiring boards, transistors, light-emitting diodes, and laser diodes
- passive components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and connectors.
- the laminate of the present invention has a resin layer (A) and a resin layer (B), and is provided so that one surface of the resin layer (B) is in contact with one surface of the resin layer (A).
- the resin layer (A) includes (A1) a block copolymer resin and (A2) a photopolymerizable compound
- the resin layer (B) includes (B1) an alkali-soluble (meta ) with an acrylate resin.
- the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) of the laminate of the present invention are arranged so as to be in contact with each other, and are cured in this arrangement.
- the components of the resin layer (A) and the components of the resin layer (B) are mixed at the interface, particularly through the heating process.
- diffuse reflection of visible light occurs at the interface. be.
- the laminate of the present invention it is possible to obtain good circuit concealability, so that it is not necessary to use a roughened plastic film as the first film as in the prior art, and the It is considered that the resolution is not deteriorated due to the unevenness.
- the laminate of the present invention is excellent in mechanical strength because the entire resin layer does not become non-uniform unlike the conventional technique. Therefore, by using the laminate of the present invention, it is possible to achieve both circuit concealability, mechanical strength, and resolution.
- the resin composition constituting the resin layer (A) contains the following components.
- (A1) block copolymer resin) As the block copolymer resin used in the resin layer (A), the same block copolymer resin as described in the first embodiment can be used. Both an XY type block copolymer resin and an XYX type block copolymer resin can be used, but an XYX type block copolymer resin is preferred.
- the block copolymer resin preferably has a mass average molecular weight Mw of 20,000 to 400,000, more preferably 80,000 to 350,000. Weight average molecular weight is measured using the method described above.
- the block copolymer resin (A1) blended is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass, based on the solid content of the resin layer (A). At 1 part by mass or more, the effect can be expected, and at 30 parts by mass or less, the photocurable resin composition has good developability and coatability.
- (A2) photopolymerizable compound As the photopolymerizable compound used in the resin layer (A), the same photopolymerizable compound as described in the first embodiment can be used.
- a photopolymerizable compound represented by the following general formula (I) is preferably used.
- R1 means a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- A2 The amount of the photopolymerizable compound is preferably 1% by mass to 40% by mass, more preferably 1% by mass to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 1.0% by mass to 40% by mass, based on the solid content of the resin layer (A). It is 5% by mass to 20% by mass.
- (A3) epoxy resin As the epoxy resin, the same epoxy resin as described in the first embodiment can be used. In particular, bisphenol A type epoxy resin and/or novolac type epoxy resin can be preferably used.
- the epoxy resin may be added in any amount. % by mass is preferred. By setting the compounding ratio within such a range, the development is improved, and a fine pattern can be easily formed with high accuracy.
- (A4) photopolymerization initiator As the photopolymerization initiator, the same photopolymerization initiator as described in the first embodiment can be used.
- the photopolymerization initiator at least one light selected from the group consisting of an oxime ester photopolymerization initiator having an oxime ester group, an ⁇ -aminoacetophenone photopolymerization initiator, and an acylphosphine oxide photopolymerization initiator. It is preferred to use a polymerization initiator.
- the blending amount of the photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0.1% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass, based on the solid content of the resin layer (A).
- it is 0.1% by mass or more, the photocurability is improved, the adhesion of the coating film to the substrate is improved, and the coating film properties such as chemical resistance are also improved.
- it 20% by mass or less, the effect of reducing outgassing can be obtained.
- the resin composition constituting the resin layer (B) contains the following components.
- (B1) alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin) As the (B1) alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin used in the present invention, those derived from a carboxyl group and a (meth)acryloyl group or derivatives thereof in the molecule are preferred.
- (B1) As specific examples of the alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin, the following compounds (both oligomers and polymers may be used) can be suitably used.
- Diisocyanates such as aliphatic diisocyanates, branched aliphatic diisocyanates, alicyclic diisocyanates, and aromatic diisocyanates, bisphenol A epoxy resins, hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resins, bisphenol F epoxy resins, and bisphenol S epoxy resins , Bixylenol-type epoxy resin, biphenol-type epoxy resin, etc. (meth)acrylate or its partial acid anhydride-modified bifunctional epoxy resin, alkali-soluble by polyaddition reaction with carboxyl group-containing dialcohol compound and diol compound Urethane-based (meth)acrylate resin.
- Alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin obtained by reacting (meth)acrylic acid with a bifunctional or higher polyfunctional epoxy resin and adding a dibasic acid anhydride to the hydroxyl group present in the side chain.
- Alkali-soluble (meth)acrylic acid is reacted with a polyfunctional epoxy resin obtained by further epoxidizing the hydroxyl groups of a bifunctional epoxy resin with epichlorohydrin, and a dibasic acid anhydride is added to the resulting hydroxyl groups. meth)acrylate resins.
- a reaction product obtained by reacting a compound having multiple phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule with an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide is reacted with (meth)acrylic acid, and the resulting reaction product is Alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin obtained by reacting polybasic acid anhydride.
- a reaction product obtained by reacting a compound having a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule with a cyclic carbonate compound such as ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate and reacting (meth)acrylic acid with the reaction product.
- Alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin obtained by reacting a polybasic acid anhydride with a substance.
- the (B1) alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin as described above has a large number of carboxyl groups in the side chains of the backbone polymer, it can be developed with a dilute alkaline aqueous solution.
- the acid value of (B1) the alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin is suitably in the range of 40 to 200 mgKOH/g, more preferably in the range of 45 to 120 mgKOH/g.
- the acid value of the alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin is 40 mgKOH/g or more, good alkali development is achieved. Therefore, a normal resist pattern can be drawn without excessive thinning of lines, a distinction between an exposed area and an unexposed area, and dissolution and separation by a developer.
- the mass average molecular weight of (B1) the alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin varies depending on the resin skeleton, but is generally in the range of 1,000 to 150,000, further 2,000 to 100,000. is preferred.
- the weight-average molecular weight is 2,000 or more, the tack-free property is good, the moisture resistance of the coating film after exposure is sufficient, development is carried out as designed, and the resolution is improved.
- the weight average molecular weight is 150,000 or less, excellent developability can be stably obtained, and storage stability is also improved.
- the amount of such an alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin (B1) is 20 to 80% by mass, preferably 30 to 70% by mass, based on the solid content of the resin composition constituting the resin layer (B). is appropriate.
- (B1) When the content of the alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin is 20% by mass or more, the film strength is improved. On the other hand, when the content is 80% by mass or less, the viscosity of the composition is improved, and the coatability is improved, which is preferable.
- alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resins can be used without being limited to those listed above, and can be used singly or in combination.
- alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resins resins having an aromatic ring are preferable because they have a high refractive index and excellent resolution. It is preferable because it is excellent in PCT and crack resistance.
- alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resins such as (6) and (7) using a phenol compound as a starting material are excellent in HAST resistance and PCT resistance, and can be preferably used.
- the (B1) alkali-soluble (meth)acrylate resin ((B1) component) is the (A1) block copolymer resin ((A1) component) and the (A2) contained in the resin layer (A). ) is incompatible with at least one of the photopolymerizable compounds (component (A2)). That is, a mixture of the (A1) component, the (A2) component, and the (B1) component, or a mixture of the resin compositions for forming the resin layers (A) and (B) containing these, is the resin layer (A) and the resin layer At the interface of (B), an immiscible mixed state is formed, and as a result, the interface between the two layers loses smoothness and becomes uneven. When visible light is incident on the uneven interface, the visible light is diffusely reflected, and the circuits of the electronic parts are well hidden. Thus, the laminate of the present invention is presumed to exhibit good circuit hiding properties.
- the resin composition constituting the resin layer (B) preferably contains (B2) an epoxy resin.
- the (B2) epoxy resin the same epoxy resin as the (A3) epoxy resin described above as a component of the resin layer (A) can be used.
- the (A3) epoxy resin and (B2) epoxy resin used for the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) of the laminate may be of the same type or different types. good.
- some of them may be of the same type.
- the (B2) epoxy resin in the resin layer (B) may be added in any amount, but it should be 10 to 40% by mass based on the total solid content of the resin composition constituting the resin layer (B).
- a range is used as a guide, and it is preferably 15 to 30% by mass.
- the resin layer (A) and the resin layer (B) may contain other optional components.
- the same components as those described in the first embodiment can be used.
- the laminate manufacturing process and the cured product manufacturing process according to the second embodiment of the present invention are the same as the laminate manufacturing process and the cured product manufacturing process according to the first embodiment described above. can be appropriately selected and used.
- the thickness of the resin layer (B) after coating and drying is generally 1 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 120 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the resin layer (A) is generally 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m, preferably 2 30 ⁇ m, and the total film thickness of both is preferably 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the resin layer (B) is larger than the film thickness of the resin layer (A).
- the cured laminate of the present invention provides mechanical properties as an insulating layer for electronic parts and good circuit concealability.
- the reaction was further carried out at 70°C for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, 250 parts of water was added and washed with water. After the oil-water separation, most of the dimethylsulfoxide and excess unreacted epichlorohydrin were recovered from the oil layer by distillation under reduced pressure. were added and reacted at 70° C. for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, it was washed twice with 200 parts of water. After the oil-water separation, methyl isobutyl ketone was recovered from the oil layer by distillation to obtain an epoxy resin (a1) having an epoxy equivalent of 310 g/eq and a softening point of 69°C.
- carboxyl group-containing resin varnish had a solid content concentration of 62% by mass and a solid content acid value (mgKOH/g) of 100.
- This mixture was heated to 95 to 105° C., 72 parts of acrylic acid was gradually added dropwise, and the mixture was reacted for 16 hours.
- This reaction product was cooled to 80 to 90° C., 106 parts of tetrahydrophthalic anhydride was added, reacted for 8 hours, cooled, and taken out.
- the thus obtained photosensitive resin (resin 1-5) having both an ethylenic double bond and a carboxyl group has a nonvolatile content of 65%, a solid acid value of 100 mgKOH/g, and a mass average molecular weight Mw of about 3. was 500.
- the first and second substrates for gloss value measurement obtained as described above were exposed using a vacuum contact type double-sided exposure machine (model number ORC HMW 680GW) manufactured by ORC under the condition of an integrated exposure amount of 250 mJ/cm 2 .
- Ultraviolet rays were irradiated from the resin layer (A) side (exposure step).
- the first film provided on the resin layer (A) side was removed, and then the gloss value measured for the outer surface of the resin layer (A) was taken as the first gloss value.
- the resin layer (A) was thermally cured at 150° C. for 60 minutes, and the gloss value measured on the outer surface of the resin layer (A) was taken as the second gloss value.
- this test substrate was pressed with a vacuum press machine KVHC-PRESS (manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki) at a pressure of 3 MPa and a temperature of 170° C. for 30 minutes (heat press step). After the hot pressing step, the laminate was further reheated at 260° C. for 10 minutes (reheating step).
- KVHC-PRESS manufactured by Kitagawa Seiki
- the third substrate for gloss value measurement obtained as described above was subjected to resin layer B using a reduced-pressure contact type double-sided exposure machine (model number ORC HMW 680GW) manufactured by ORC under the conditions of an integrated exposure amount of 250 mJ/cm 2 . UV rays were irradiated from the side (exposure step). Next, the second film provided on the resin layer (B) side is removed, heat cured at 150 ° C. for 60 minutes, and the gloss value measured on the outer surface of the resin layer (B) is the third gloss value.
- a reduced-pressure contact type double-sided exposure machine model number ORC HMW 680GW
- Soldering heat resistance evaluation Apply rosin-based flux to the heat-cured substrate for which the second gloss value is to be measured, and immerse it in a solder bath set to 260°C and 280°C in advance for 10 seconds to remove the cured coating film, The occurrence of swelling and peeling was evaluated. Evaluation criteria are as follows. ⁇ : No lifting, swelling or peeling occurred in both immersion at 260°C and 280°C. ⁇ : No lifting, swelling or peeling occurred when immersed at 260°C, but lifting, swelling or peeling occurred when immersed at 280°C. x: Lifting and peeling occurred in both immersion at 260°C and 280°C.
- Circuit hiding property evaluation Using the same evaluation test piece as the evaluation test piece used in the solder heat resistance evaluation method, the circuit hiding property was evaluated by visual observation from a distance of 30 cm. Evaluation criteria are as follows. A: The circuit cannot be visually recognized. ⁇ : Part of the circuit is visible. x: The circuit can be clearly visually recognized.
- the amount of light corresponding to the density portion of the 5th stage of the step tablet in the portion remaining after development was taken as the optimum exposure amount.
- a negative mask for resolution evaluation is applied to the outer surface of the resin layer (A). Negative patterns with via opening diameters of 500 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, and 80 ⁇ m are placed as the substrate, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated at the optimum exposure dose by a vacuum contact type double-sided exposure machine (model number ORC HMW 680GW) manufactured by ORC Co., Ltd. through this. did.
- the first film was removed from the resin layer (A) of the test substrate, and development (30° C., 0.2 MPa, 1 wt % Na2CO3 aqueous solution) was performed for 60 seconds.
- Test substrates with cured dry films were prepared by thermal curing at 150° C. for 60 minutes. In this substrate, pattern openings were observed with an SEM to determine the minimum opening diameter. Tables 2 and 3 also show the mechanical property measurement results.
- the outer surface of the cured product of the laminate has a matte finish, and the surface hardness, solder heat resistance, breaking strength, and circuit hiding property of the cured product are all excellent. value was shown.
- Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 of the single layer structure and Comparative Examples 1-4 to 1-6 of the laminated structure the mechanical properties and the surface (corresponding to the outer surface of the laminate of the present invention ) did not give satisfactory results at both low gloss values.
- the resulting reaction solution was neutralized with 35.35 g of a 15% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and then washed with water. After that, the toluene was removed by an evaporator while replacing it with 118.1 g of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate to obtain a novolac type acrylate resin solution.
- 332.5 g of the obtained novolak-type acrylate resin solution and 1.22 g of triphenylphosphine were charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and an air blowing tube, and air was blown at a rate of 10 ml/min.
- Block copolymer resin 1 M65N: XYX type block copolymer resin, mass average molecular weight (Mw) about 100000 to 300000, manufactured by Arkema, NANOSTRENGTH (registered trademark)
- Block copolymer resin 2 M52N: XYX type block copolymer resin, mass average molecular weight (Mw) about 100000, manufactured by Arkema, NANOSTRENGTH (registered trademark)
- Photopolymerizable compound 1 DOUBLEMER 6MX75: manufactured by DOUBLE BOND CHEMICAL IND. CO., LTD.
- Photopolymerizable compound 2 DOUBLEMER 527, DOUBLE BOND CHEMICAL IND. CO., LTD. Co., Ltd., hexafunctional acrylate aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer
- Photopolymerizable compound 3 DHPA: dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
- Epoxy resin 1 Bisphenol A type novolak epoxy resin N870 manufactured by DIC
- Photopolymerization initiator oxime ester photopolymerization initiator IRUGACURE OXE02 (manufactured by BASF Japan)
- Resin 2-1 Synthesized according to Synthesis Example 2-1 (polyimide resin having phenolic hydroxyl group and carboxyl group)
- Shounol CRG951 manufactured by Aica Kogyo Co., Ltd., novolac type cresol resin, OH equivalent: 119.4)
- Coloring pigment (I)
- a single-sided printed wiring board on which a circuit with a copper thickness of 15 ⁇ m is formed was prepared and pretreated using CZ8100 manufactured by MEC.
- a laminate was formed on a substrate by laminating the dry films of Examples and Comparative Examples prepared as described above using a vacuum laminator so that the resin layer (B) was in contact with the substrate.
- This substrate was pattern-exposed at the following optimum exposure dose using a reduced-pressure contact type double-sided exposure machine (model number ORC HMW 680GW) manufactured by Oak Co., Ltd. After baking at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes, the first film was formed when the laminate was prepared.
- This substrate is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from above the resin layer (A) in a UV conveyor furnace under the condition of an integrated exposure amount of 1000 mJ/cm 2 , and then heated at 150 ° C. for 60 minutes to cure, resulting in each laminate.
- a test substrate A comprising a cured product was produced.
- the optimum exposure amount used in the patterned exposure for fabricating the test substrate A was determined as follows. That is, a single-sided printed wiring board on which a circuit with a copper thickness of 15 ⁇ m is formed was prepared, and pretreatment was performed using CZ8100 manufactured by MEC. A laminated body (measurement sample) was formed on a substrate by laminating the dry films of each example and comparative example prepared above using a vacuum laminator so that the resin layer (B) was in contact with the substrate. Each optimal exposure amount measurement sample obtained in this manner was exposed through a step tablet (Kodak No. 2) using a vacuum contact double-sided exposure machine (model number ORC HMW 680GW) manufactured by ORC.
- ⁇ Concealability evaluation> The test substrate A was visually observed from a distance of 30 cm to evaluate the circuit concealability. Evaluation criteria are as follows. ⁇ : The hiding power is high and the circuit cannot be visually recognized. O: A part of the circuit can be visually recognized. x: The circuit can be clearly visually recognized.
- test substrate B A single-sided printed wiring board on which a circuit with a copper thickness of 15 ⁇ m is formed was prepared and pretreated using CZ8100 manufactured by MEC.
- a laminate was formed on a substrate by laminating the dry films of Examples and Comparative Examples prepared as described above using a vacuum laminator so that the resin layer (B) was in contact with the substrate.
- pattern exposure was performed with the optimum exposure amount determined by the above-described method. Further, after baking at 100° C. for 30 minutes, the PET film used as the first film in forming the laminate was peeled off. After that, development was performed for 60 seconds with a 1 wt % sodium carbonate aqueous solution at 30° C. and a spray pressure of 0.2 MPa to obtain a solder resist pattern.
- This substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays in a UV conveyor furnace under the condition of an integrated exposure amount of 1000 mJ/cm 2 and then cured by heating at 150°C for 60 minutes to prepare a test substrate B comprising a cured product composed of each laminate. .
- ⁇ Breaking strength> The cured product of the laminate was peeled off from the test substrate B, and the breaking strength of the peeled cured product was measured and evaluated according to JIS K7127. Evaluation criteria are as follows. ⁇ : 40 MPa or more ⁇ : 30 MPa or more and less than 40 MPa
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、樹脂層(A)と、樹脂層(A)上に設けられた樹脂層(B)と、を備える積層体であって、前記樹脂層(A)が(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂と、(A2)光重合性化合物とを有し、前記樹脂層(B)が(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂を有することを特徴とする積層体により上記課題が解決される。
本発明の(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂はX-Y-X型であり、質量平均分子量Mwが20,000~400,000であることが好ましい。
本発明の(A2)光重合性化合物は、下記一般式(I)
で示される化合物であることが好ましい。
図1の模式断面図に示すように、本発明の積層体は、樹脂層(A)と、樹脂層(A)の上に設けられた樹脂層(B)と、を有する積層体の形態を有する。その使用に際し、積層体の樹脂層(B)が、プリント配線板をはじめとする電子部品等の基板(図示せず)に接するように配置され、樹脂層(A)が樹脂層(B)を介して基板とは離間して配置される。
本発明の積層体における第1のグロス値は、(i)基板上に設けられ、感光性樹脂組成物(B)から構成される樹脂層(B)と、この樹脂層(B)上、基板とは反対の面に設けられ、感光性樹脂組成物(A)から構成される樹脂層(A)と、を備える積層体を、樹脂層(A)側から露光した後、加熱硬化前に、積層体における前記樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値として求められる値に相当する。なお、積層体が樹脂層(A)に接する第1フィルムおよび/または樹脂層(B)に接する第2フィルムを備える場合には、第2フィルムを剥離し樹脂層(B)が基板と接するように当該基板上に真空ラミネートした後に、樹脂層(A)側から露光し、次いで第1フィルムを剥離した後、加熱硬化前に、積層体における前記樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値として求められる値に相当する。第1のグロス値は、50以上、好ましくは70~100とされる。
さらに、本発明の積層体における第2のグロス値は、(ii)上述の第1のグロス値の測定を行う露光後の積層体に対して、さらに熱風循環式乾燥を用いて150℃で60分加熱処理を行った後に、この積層体における樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値を測定することにより求められる値に相当する。
なお、上記の第2のグロス値を測定するための加熱硬化条件は、本発明の積層体を電子機器等に使用(搭載)する際の加熱硬化条件をなんら制限するものではない。すなわち、本発明の積層体を使用する際の加熱硬化条件は、後述する加熱硬化工程に記載の条件から適宜選択することができる。
なお、樹脂層(A)のグロス値は、樹脂層(A)全体として同一または略同一となるが、本発明においては、基準の明確化のために、樹脂層(A)の樹脂層(B)とは接しない側の表面(外表面)の一部における測定値を用いている。
さらに、本発明の積層体における第3のグロス値は、(iii)基板上に設けられた樹脂層(A)と、この樹脂層(A)上、基板とは反対の面に設けられた樹脂層(B)とを備える積層体を露光した後、加熱硬化後に、積層体における樹脂層(B)の外表面のグロス値として求められる値である。すなわち、基板に対する樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)の積層順が異なること以外は、第2のグロス値と同様の手順で測定される。また、積層体が樹脂層(A)に接する第1フィルムおよび/または樹脂層(B)に接する第2フィルムを備える場合には、第1フィルムを剥離し、樹脂層(A)が基板と接するように当該基板上に真空ラミネーター(CVP-300:ニッコーマテリアル社製)を用いて80℃の第一チャンバーにて真空圧3hPa、バキューム時間30秒の条件下でラミネートした後、プレス圧0.5MPa、プレス時間30秒の条件でプレスした後に、樹脂層(B)側から露光し、次いで第2フィルムを剥離し、加熱硬化した後に、樹脂層(B)の外表面のグロス値として求められる値に相当する。第3のグロス値を測定するための露光および加熱硬化の条件は第2のグロス値の測定で用いる条件と同様の条件を用いる。
以下、図2および図3を参照しつつ、積層体の製造工程を説明する。
図2は、電子機器等に適用される前の、積層体の一実施の形態における略断面図である。この例では、第1フィルム1(例えばキャリアフィルムないし支持フィルム)上に、感光性樹脂組成物(A)を塗布し、乾燥させ、次いで樹脂層(A)上に感光性樹脂組成物(B)を、塗布し、乾燥乾燥させ、感光性樹脂組成物(B)の上に第2フィルム2が積層されている。すなわち、図2では、積層状態のドライフィルム(積層体)が示されている。
すなわち、まず感光性樹脂組成物(A)および(B)をそれぞれ有機溶剤等で希釈して、0.1dPa・s~200dPa・s程度の粘度に調整し、感光性樹脂組成物(A)を、常法に従い、コンマコーター等の公知の器具を用いて、第1フィルム1の一方の面に塗布する。その後、通常、50~140℃の温度で1~30分間乾燥することで、第1フィルム1上に乾燥した樹脂層(A)が形成される。この樹脂層(A)の第1フィルム1とは反対の面に、上記と同様に、粘度調整された感光性樹脂組成物(B)を塗布し、乾燥させることにより、第1フィルム1に接して設けられた、樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)とからなる積層体が製造される。本発明の積層体は、樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)とを含む積層体である限り、上記の第1フィルム1および他のフィルムないし樹脂層を有してもよい。積層体の電子機器への適用に際しては、樹脂層(B)が基板側に設けられ、樹脂層(A)は、樹脂層(B)を介して基板とは反対側に設けられて電子機器表面より視認可能な表面層を形成することになる。
また、本発明の積層体は、片面のみが、フィルム(第1フィルム1または第2フィルム2のいずれか)で支持または保護されてもよいし、フィルムを含まない積層体であっても良い。さらに、本発明の積層体(ドライフィルム)は、ロール状に巻回されていてもよい。
塗膜強度の観点から、各層間の界面は、馴染んでいてもよい。すなわち、樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)とは密着性が高く、第1フィルム1や、第2フィルム2の剥離時、あるいは、積層体としてその他の剥離される層が存在する場合には、その剥離される層の剥離時において樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)は相互に密着して耐久性の高い永久被膜を形成することが好ましい。
本発明に係る積層体の、樹脂層(A)は、樹脂層(B)に対向しない面、すなわちプリント配線板等の最外層となり視認可能とされる面(外表面)のグロス値が、硬化処理等の各工程において変化する。詳細には、樹脂層(A)の第1のグロス値が50以上、好ましくは70以上100以下となる。第1のグロス値が50以上であると良好な解像性を得ることができる。
本発明の積層体に用いられる、樹脂層(B)は第3のグロス値が、50以上、好ましくは70以上100以下となる。樹脂層(B)の外表面のグロス値が、50以上であると、良好な機械特性を得ることができる。
上記の第1のグロス値および第2のグロス値を示す樹脂層(A)を構成する感光性樹脂組成物(A)は、一般にカルボキシル基含有樹脂等のアルカリ可溶性樹脂を含み、さらに熱硬化性樹脂と含むことが好ましく、さらにポリイミド樹脂、芳香族系樹脂、感光性樹脂、メタクリル酸メチル系櫛型ポリマーを含んでもよい。感光性樹脂組成物(A)は所望のグロス値を達成するために、感光性樹脂組成物(A)中の樹脂と非相溶性を示す成分を加える必要がある。これは特定の成分に限らず、感光性樹脂組成物(A)中の樹脂に対し非相溶性を示す成分であれば所定の構造に限定されることはない。例えば、ポリイミド樹脂に対し非相溶性を示すポリアミドイミド、もしくはカルボキシル基含有樹脂に対し非相溶性を示すヘテロ原子を含む脂肪酸、もしくは芳香族系樹脂に非相溶性を示す脂肪族ブロック共重合樹脂、感光性樹脂に対し非相溶性を示す脂環式型光重合性化合物、メタクリル酸メチル系櫛型ポリマーに対し非相溶性を示すシリコーン化合物等が挙げられる。感光性樹脂組成物(A)は、更に、場合により光重合性化合物、光重合開始剤を含むものであってもよい。
また、アルカリ可溶性樹脂やポリイミド樹脂、ポリアミドイミド樹脂等の高分子量成分に対する、熱硬化性樹脂や光重合性化合物の配合量が多いと非相溶性を示す傾向があり、このような感光性樹脂組成物(A)を用いた樹脂層(A)は本発明の所望のグロス値を示す。この配合量は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、高分子量成分100質量部に対する熱硬化性樹脂および光重合性化合物の総量を30~170質量部とすることができる。
感光性樹脂組成物(A)において、上記のとおりアルカリ可溶性樹脂を含むことが好ましく、公知のアルカリ可溶性樹脂をいずれも使用することができ、特にカルボキシル基含有樹脂であることが好ましい。感光性樹脂組成物(A)において、使用可能なアルカリ可溶性樹脂の具体例として、特に以下のものを挙げることができる。
イミド構造およびアミド構造を有するカルボキシル基含有樹脂、特に下記一般式(1)で示される構造および下記一般式(2)で示される構造を有するポリアミドイミド基含有樹脂を用いることができる。
イミド構造を有しアミド構造を有さないカルボキシル基含有樹脂は、カルボキシル基とイミド環とを有する樹脂であれば特に限定されない。イミド構造を有しアミド構造を有さないカルボキシル基含有樹脂の合成には、カルボキシル基含有樹脂にイミド環を導入する公知慣用の手法を用いることができる。例えば、カルボン酸無水物成分とアミン成分および/またはイソシアネート成分とを反応させて得られる樹脂が挙げられる。イミド化は熱イミド化で行っても、化学イミド化で行ってもよく、またこれらを併用して製造することができる。
イミド構造を有さないカルボキシル基含有樹脂は、カルボキシル基を有している従来公知の各種カルボキシル基含有樹脂であれば、特に限定されない。特に、分子中にエチレン性不飽和二重結合を有するカルボキシル基含有樹脂が、光硬化性や耐現像性の面からより好ましい。そして、その不飽和二重結合は、アクリル酸もしくはメタアクリル酸又はそれらの誘導体由来のものが好ましい。
カルボキシル基含有樹脂の具体例としては、以下に列挙するような化合物(オリゴマー及びポリマーのいずれでもよい)を好適に使用できる。
なお、本明細書において、(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びそれらの混合物を総称する用語で、他の類似の表現についても同様である。
感光性樹脂組成物(A)は、熱硬化性樹脂を含むことが好ましい。熱硬化性樹脂としては従来公知の熱硬化性樹脂が使用可能であり、環状(チオ)エーテル基などの熱による硬化反応が可能な官能基を有する公知慣用の樹脂、例えば、エポキシ樹脂などが用いられる。
上記エポキシ樹脂としては、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ブロム化エポキシ樹脂、ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、水添ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂、ヒダントイン型エポキシ樹脂、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、トリヒドロキシフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂、ビキシレノール型もしくはビフェノール型エポキシ樹脂またはそれらの混合物;ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、テトラフェニロールエタン型エポキシ樹脂、複素環式エポキシ樹脂、ジグリシジルフタレート樹脂、テトラグリシジルキシレノイルエタン樹脂、ナフタレン基含有エポキシ樹脂、ジシクロペンタジエン骨格を有するエポキシ樹脂、グリシジルメタアクリレート共重合系エポキシ樹脂、シクロヘキシルマレイミドとグリシジルメタアクリレートの共重合エポキシ樹脂、CTBN変性エポキシ樹脂などが挙げられる。このうち、感光性樹脂組成物(A)の成分として、特に好ましいエポキシ樹脂は、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂またはノボラック型エポキシ、またはその併用系である。
本発明の積層体およびその硬化物がソルダーレジスト等として適用される場合には、感光性樹脂組成物(A)は、光重合性化合物を含むものであることが好ましく、ソルダーレジスト等の製造に従来より用いられる光重合性化合物がいずれも使用可能である。
分子中に1個のエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物としては、単官能(メタ)アクリレート、例えばメチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジルメタクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート類、アクリロイルモルホリンまたはテトラヒドロフラニル基等の複素環基、特に酸素含有環状基を有する(メタ)アクリレート類を用いることができる。
感光性樹脂組成物(A)において使用可能な光重合開始剤としては、公知慣用のものを挙げることができる。特に、後述する光照射後のPEB工程に用いる場合には、光塩基発生剤としての機能も有する光重合開始剤が好適である。光重合開始剤は、感光性樹脂組成物(A)が光重合性のアルカリ可溶性樹脂、または光重合性化合物を含む場合には、添加することが望ましい。なお、このPEB工程では、光重合開始剤と光塩基発生剤とを併用してもよい。
感光性樹脂組成物(A)は、分子内に長鎖脂肪酸基と反応性基を有する界面活性剤を含むものであってもよい。界面活性剤としては特に限定されず、アニオン系、カチオン系、両性系、非イオン系の界面活性剤などを使用することができる。界面活性剤は、室温で固体の界面活性剤を用いることが好ましく、ヘテロ原子を含む脂肪酸であることがより好ましい。
このブロック共重合樹脂としては、一般的に性質の異なる二種類以上のポリマー単位が、共有結合で繋がり長い連鎖になった分子構造の共重合樹脂を意味する。本発明において、ブロック共重合樹脂としては、公知慣用のものを用いることができ、X-Y型または3元以上のブロック共重合樹脂が好ましく、X-Y-X型ブロック共重合樹脂がより好ましい。X-Y-X型ブロック共重合樹脂におけるXは、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
分子量分布は後述する方法で測定した質量平均分子量(Mw)と数平均分子量(Mn)の比(Mw/Mn)に基づいて計算される。
ブロック共重合樹脂の質量平均分子量が20,000以上であると、組成物の柔軟性や弾性などの機械特性を備えつつ、粘着性が高くなり過ぎずに、屈曲性やクラック耐性の向上効果が良好となり、タック性も良好となる。一方、質量平均分子量が400,000以下であると、組成物の粘度が高くなり過ぎず、印刷性、現像性が低下しにくい。
樹脂層(B)は第3のグロス値が50以上となるような感光性樹脂組成物(B)から構成される。感光性樹脂組成物(B)は、一般に、カルボキシル基含有樹脂等のアルカリ可溶性樹脂を含み、さらに熱硬化性樹脂と含む。感光性樹脂組成物(B)は、更に、場合により光重合性化合物、および光重合開始剤を含むものであってもよい。感光性樹脂組成物(B)は所望のグロス値を達成するために、組成物中の樹脂やモノマー等の成分が互いに相溶することが必要である。すなわち上述したような非相溶性を示す各成分の組み合わせを含まないものである。
(感光性樹脂組成物(B)におけるアルカリ可溶性樹脂)
感光性樹脂組成物(B)においても、公知のアルカリ可溶性樹脂をいずれも使用することができるが、使用可能なアルカリ可溶性樹脂の具体例としては、所定のグロス値となる限りにおいて、感光性樹脂組成物(A)に関して詳述したアルカリ可溶性樹脂を用いることができる。
感光性樹脂組成物(B)は、熱硬化性樹脂を含む。感光性樹脂組成物(B)においても、所定のグロス値となる限りにおいて、感光性樹脂組成物(A)における熱硬化性樹脂と同様の化合物が用いられ、環状(チオ)エーテル基などの熱による硬化反応が可能な官能基を有する公知慣用の化合物、例えば、エポキシ化合物などが好ましく用いられる。
また、感光性樹脂組成物(B)の成分として使用可能な、光重合性化合物および光重合開始剤の詳細は、感光性樹脂組成物(A)に関して詳述したとおりである。
上記の他、感光性樹脂組成物(A)および(B)は、さらに以下の成分を含むことができる。
無機充填剤や体質顔料は、硬化物の硬化収縮を抑制し、密着性、硬度などの特性を向上させるために配合することができる。このような無機充填剤や体質顔料としては、例えば、硫酸バリウム、無定形シリカ、溶融シリカ、球状シリカ、タルク、クレー、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、水酸化アルミニウム、窒化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム、窒化ホウ素、ノイブルグシリシャスアース等が挙げられる。
本発明の積層体に用いられる感光性樹脂組成物(A)および(B)には、熱硬化触媒を配合することができる。熱硬化触媒としては、例えば、イミダゾール、2-メチルイミダゾール、2-エチルイミダゾール、2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール、2-フェニルイミダゾール、4-フェニルイミダゾール、1-シアノエチル-2-フェニルイミダゾール、1-(2-シアノエチル)-2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾール等のイミダゾール誘導体;ジシアンジアミド、ベンジルジメチルアミン、4-(ジメチルアミノ)-N,N-ジメチルベンジルアミン、4-メトキシ-N,N-ジメチルベンジルアミン、4-メチル-N,N-ジメチルベンジルアミン等のアミン化合物、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド、セバシン酸ジヒドラジド等のヒドラジン化合物;トリフェニルフォスフィン等のリン化合物等が挙げられる。また、市販されているものとしては、例えば四国化成工業株式会社製の2MZ-A、2MZ-OK、2PHZ、2P4BHZ、2P4MHZ(いずれもイミダゾール系化合物の商品名)、サンアプロ株式会社製のU-CAT 3513N(ジメチルアミン系化合物の商品名)、DBU、DBN、U-CAT SA 102(いずれも二環式アミジン化合物およびその塩)などが挙げられる。これらは、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用可能である。
着色剤としては、赤、青、緑、黄、白、黒などの公知慣用の着色剤を配合することができ、顔料、染料、色素のいずれでもよい。
有機溶剤は、感光性樹脂組成物(A)および(B)の調製のためや、基材や第1フィルム1(キャリアフィルム)に塗布するための粘度調整のために配合することができる。このような有機溶剤としては、ケトン類、芳香族炭化水素類、グリコールエーテル類、グリコールエーテルアセテート類、エステル類、アルコール類、脂肪族炭化水素、石油系溶剤などを挙げることができる。このような有機溶剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上の混合物として用いてもよい。
必要に応じてさらに、メルカプト化合物、密着促進剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤などの成分を配合することができる。これらは、公知慣用のものを用いることができる。また、微粉シリカ、ハイドロタルサイト、有機ベントナイト、モンモリロナイトなどの公知慣用の増粘剤、シリコーン系、フッ素系、高分子系などの消泡剤および/またはレベリング剤、シランカップリング剤、防錆剤などのような公知慣用の添加剤類を配合することができる。
以下に、図3を用いて、本発明の積層体を製造するための処理工程の一例を説明する。ここでは、図2に示したドライフィルムの硬化物の製造例を説明する。
[(a)積層工程]
図3に(a)積層工程として示すように、発明の積層体10は、例えば、導体回路21を有するプリント配線板等の基板20に対して樹脂層(B)が対向するように配置され、基板と樹脂層(B)とを圧着することにより積層される。一方で、他の適用では、このような電子機器に対する積層を先立って行わない場合もある。本実施の形態では、基体上に積層体が直接配置された状態での硬化処理について、その各工程を説明する。なお、以下の工程は全てが必須の工程ではなく、その用途や積層体の組成に応じて、適宜選択して行うものである。
本発明の積層体を硬化させるにあたり、露光工程が行われる。露光工程では、活性エネルギー線(図3(b)中、矢印で示す)の照射により、樹脂層(A)、樹脂層(B)またはその双方に含まれる光重合開始剤、光塩基発生剤としての機能を有する光重合開始剤または光塩基発生剤を、ネガ型のパターン状に活性化させる。露光機としては、直接描画装置、メタルハライドランプを搭載した露光機などを用いることができる。パターン状の露光用のマスクは、ネガ型のマスクである。
上記露光後、樹脂層を加熱することにより、露光部を硬化する。本発明の感光性樹脂組成物(A)および(B)が、光塩基発生剤としての機能を有する光重合開始剤、または光重合開始剤と光塩基発生剤との双方を含む場合は、露光工程で発生した塩基によって、樹脂層(B)を深部まで硬化できる。加熱温度は、例えば、80~200℃である。加熱時間は、例えば、10~100分である。なお、上記露光工程の後に、光塩基発生剤としての機能を有する光重合開始剤、または光重合開始剤と光塩基発生剤との双方が存在する状態での加熱工程を行う場合には、この加熱硬化工程はPEB(POST EXPOSURE BAKE)工程と呼ばれ、これによりフォトリソグラフィー後の塗膜の硬化収縮を抑制し、結果として優れた解像性が与えられる。
上記の露光工程が行われた場合、現像工程が行われる。現像工程では、アルカリ現像により、未露光部を除去して、ネガ型のパターン状の絶縁膜、特には、カバーレイおよびソルダーレジストを形成する。現像方法としては、ディッピング等の公知の方法によることができる。また、現像液としては、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、アミン類、2-メチルイミダゾール等のイミダゾール類、水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム水溶液(TMAH)等のアルカリ水溶液、または、これらの混合液を用いることができる。
なお、現像工程の後に、さらに、積層体の硬化物に光照射してもよく、また、例えば、150℃以上で加熱してもよい。加熱温度は、例えば、80~170℃であり、加熱時間は5~100分である。本発明における積層体10のポストキュアは、例えば、熱反応によるエポキシ樹脂の開環反応であるため、光ラジカル反応で硬化が進行する場合と比べてひずみや硬化収縮を抑えることができる。
必要に応じて上記のように現像された後、本発明の積層体の硬化物は、部品実装工程(図示せず)に付される。この工程により本発明の硬化物を有する基板上に各種部品が実装され、本発明の電子部品を得ることができる。
部品実装後の積層体硬化物は、再加熱工程に付すことができる(図示せず)。再加熱工程の加熱温度は、例えば120℃~300℃、特に250℃~300℃、加熱時間は、例えば5分~120分である。なお、再加熱工程の前または後に、さらに、絶縁膜に光照射してもよい。
本発明の積層体は、樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)とを有し、樹脂層(A)の一方の面に、樹脂層(B)の一方の面が接するように設けられた積層体であって、樹脂層(A)が、(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂と、(A2)光重合性化合物と、を有し、樹脂層(B)が、(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂を有するものである。
樹脂層(A)を構成する樹脂組成物は以下の成分を含む。
((A1)ブロック共重合樹脂)
樹脂層(A)で用いるブロック共重合樹脂は、上述した第一の実施の形態で説明したものと同様の物を用いることができる。
X-Y型ブロック共重合樹脂、X-Y-X型のブロック共重合樹脂いずれも用いることができるが、X-Y-X型のブロック共重合樹脂であることが好ましい。
また、ブロック共重合樹脂は質量平均分子量Mwが20,000~400,000であることが好ましく、80,000~350,000であることがより好ましい。質量平均分子量は上述した方法を用いて測定する。より好ましくは、X-Y-X型のブロック共重合樹脂であり、かつ、質量平均分子量が20,000~400,000、特には80,000~350,000であることが好ましい。
(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂の配合量は、樹脂層(A)の固形分量に対して、1~30質量部の範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは2~20質量部である。1質量部以上でその効果は期待でき、30質量部以下で光硬化性樹脂組成物として現像性や塗布性が良好となる。
樹脂層(A)で用いる光重合性化合物は上述した第一の実施の形態で説明したものと同様の物を用いることができる。
特に下記一般式(I)で表される光重合性化合物が好ましく用いられる。
(A2)光重合性化合物の配合量は、樹脂層(A)の固形分量に対して、1質量%~40質量%が好ましく、より好ましくは1質量%~30質量%、さらに好ましくは1.5質量%~20質量%である。上記配合量の範囲とすることで、光硬化性が向上して、パターン形成が容易となり、硬化膜の強度も向上できる。
((A3)エポキシ樹脂)
エポキシ樹脂としては、上述した第一の実施の形態で説明したものと同様のエポキシ樹脂を用いることができる。特にビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂および/またはノボラック型エポキシ樹脂を好ましく用いることができる。
光重合開始剤としては、上述した第一の実施の形態で説明したものと同様の光重合開始剤を用いることができる。光重合開始剤としては、オキシムエステル基を有するオキシムエステル系光重合開始剤、α-アミノアセトフェノン系光重合開始剤、アシルホスフィンオキサイド系光重合開始剤からなる群から選択される1種以上の光重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。
樹脂層(B)を構成する樹脂組成物は以下の成分を含む。
((B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂)
本発明に用いる(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂としては、分子中にカルボキシル基と(メタ)アクリロイル基、またその誘導体由来のものが好ましい。(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂の具体例としては、以下に列挙するような化合物(オリゴマー及びポリマーのいずれでもよい)を好適に使用できる。
なお、本明細書において、(メタ)アクリレートとは、アクリレート、メタクリレート及びそれらの混合物を総称する用語で、他の類似の表現についても同様である。
また、(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂の酸価は、40~200mgKOH/gの範囲が適当であり、より好ましくは45~120mgKOH/gの範囲である。(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂の酸価が40mgKOH/g以上であるとアルカリ現像が良好に行なわれ、一方、200mgKOH/g以下とすることにより、現像液による露光部の溶解は生じず、必要以上にラインが痩せることもなく、露光部と未露光部の区別が保たれて、現像液で溶解剥離等も生ずることなく、正常なレジストパターンの描画が行われる。
((B2)エポキシ樹脂)
樹脂層(B)を構成する樹脂組成物は(B2)エポキシ樹脂を含むことが好ましい。(B2)エポキシ樹脂としては、樹脂層(A)の構成成分として上述した(A3)エポキシ樹脂と同様のものが使用可能である。積層体の樹脂層(A)、樹脂層(B)に用いられる(A3)エポキシ樹脂と(B2)エポキシ樹脂は、相互に同種類のものであっても、別々の種類のものであってもよい。さらに、樹脂層(A)および樹脂層(B)のいずれか、または双方で複数種類のエポキシ樹脂を用いる場合においては、その一部を同種類のエポキシ樹脂としてもよい。
樹脂層(A)および樹脂層(B)は、その他に任意成分を含むものであってもよい。樹脂層(A)および樹脂層(B)が含むことができる任意成分としては、上述した第一の実施形態で説明したものと同様の成分を用いることができる。
本発明の第二の実施の形態に係る積層体の製造工程および、硬化物の製造工程としては、上述した第一の実施の形態に係る積層体の製造工程および、硬化物の製造工程と同様の工程を適宜選択して用いることができる。
本発明では、塗工、乾燥後の樹脂層(B)の膜厚は、一般に1~150μm、好ましくは3~120μm、樹脂層(A)の膜厚は一般に0.5~50μm、好ましくは2~30μmとされ、両者の合計膜厚が5~150μmとされるとよい。また、樹脂層(B)の膜厚が樹脂層(A)の膜厚よりも大きいことが好ましい。
(合成例1―1:カルボキシル基を有するポリアミドイミド樹脂溶液(樹脂1-1) )
窒素ガス導入管、温度計、撹拌機を備えた四口の300mLフラスコに、ダイマージアミン(a)としての炭素数36のダイマー酸に由来する脂肪族ジアミン(クローダジャパン社製、製品名PRIAMINE1075)29.49g(0.054mol)、カルボキシル基含有ジアミン(b)としての3,5‐ジアミノ安息香酸4.02g(0.026mol)、γ‐ブチロラクトン73.5gを室温で仕込み溶解した。
撹拌機、窒素導入管、分留環、冷却環を取り付けたセパラブル3つ口フラスコに、3,3’-ジアミノ-4,4’-ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン22.4g、2,2’-ビス[4-(4-アミノフェノキシ)フェニル]プロパンを8.2g、NMPを30g、γ-ブチロラクトンを30g、4,4’-オキシジフタル酸無水物を27.9g、トリメリット酸無水物を3.8g加え、窒素雰囲気下、室温、100rpmで4時間撹拌した。次いでトルエンを20g加え、シリコーン浴温度180℃、150rpmでトルエンおよび水を留去しながら4時間撹拌して、フェノール性水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するポリイミド樹脂溶液(樹脂1-2)を得た。得られた樹脂(固形分)の酸価は18mgKOH/g、Mwは10,000、水酸基当量は390であった。
下記一般式(I)においてXがCH2、平均の重合度nが6.2であるビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(エポキシ当量950g/eq、軟化点85℃)380部とエピクロルヒドリン925部をジメチルスルホキシド462.5部に溶解させた後、攪拌下70℃で98.5%NaOH60.9部を100分かけて添加した。
上述の一般式(I)においてXがC(CH3)2、平均の重合度nが3.3であるビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(エポキシ当量650g/eq、軟化点81.1℃)371部とエピクロルヒドリン925部をジメチルスルホキシド462.5部に溶解させた後、攪拌下70℃で98.5%NaOH52.8部を100分かけて添加した。添加後さらに70℃で3時間反応を行った。反応終了後、水250部を加え水洗を行った。油水分離後、油層よりジメチルスルホキシドの大半および過剰の未反応エピクロルヒドリンを減圧下に蒸留回収し、残留した副製塩とジメチルスルホキシドを含む反応生成物をメチルイソブチルケトン750部に溶解させ、更に30%NaOH10部を加え、70℃で1時間反応させた。反応終了後、水200部で2回水洗を行った。油水分離後、油層よりメチルイソブチルケトンを蒸留回収して、エポキシ当量287g/eq、軟化点64.2℃のエポキシ樹脂(a2)を得た。得られたエポキシ樹脂(a2)は、エポキシ当量から計算すると、前記出発物質ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂におけるアルコール性水酸基3.3個のうち約3.1個がエポキシ化されたものであった。このエポキシ樹脂(a2)310部およびカルビトールアセテート282部をフラスコに仕込み、90℃に加熱・攪拌し、溶解した。得られた溶液を一旦60℃まで冷却し、アクリル酸72部(1モル)、メチルハイドロキノン0.5部、トリフェニルフォスフィン2部を加え、100℃に加熱し、約60時間反応させ、酸価が0.2mgKOH/gの反応物を得た。これにテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸140部(0.92モル)を加え、90℃に加熱し、反応を行い、カルボキシル基含有樹脂(樹脂1-4)を得た。得られたカルボキシル基含有樹脂ワニスの固形分濃度は62質量%、固形分酸価(mgKOH/g)は100であった。
クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製、EPICLON N-695、エポキシ当量:220)220部を撹拌機および還流冷却器の付いた四つ口フラスコに入れ、カルビトールアセテート214部を加え、加熱溶解した。次に、重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノン0.1部と、反応触媒としてジメチルベンジルアミン2.0部を加えた。この混合物を95~105℃に加熱し、アクリル酸72部を徐々に滴下し、16時間反応させた。この反応生成物を80~90℃まで冷却し、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物106部を加え、8時間反応させ、冷却後、取り出した。
2リットルのビーカーにイオン交換水800ミリリットルを入れ、その中に撹拌子を入れ、ホットプレート付きスターラー上で撹拌しながら沸騰させた。この熱水に、メラミン12.6gを加え完全溶解させた。また、1リットルのビーカーにイオン交換水500ミリリットルを入れ、その中に撹拌子を入れ、ホットプレート付きスターラー上で撹拌しながら沸騰させた。この熱水に、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物15.2gを加え、1時間加熱攪拌し、テトラヒドロフタル酸の水溶液を得た。この水溶液を前記メラミン水溶液に加え、攪拌した。この混合液を、氷水で冷却すると、結晶が析出した。この結晶を濾別後、真空乾燥器で乾燥し、メラミン化合物を得た。
上記合成例により得られた樹脂1-1~1-5およびこれ以外の成分を、下表1に示す組成で配合し、各成分を撹拌機にて予備混合した後、3本ロールミルにて混錬し、感光性樹脂組成物a~fを調製した。樹脂1-1~1-5以外の成分の詳細は表1の下に記載した。
[アルカリ可溶性樹脂]
樹脂1-1:合成例1により調製(カルボキシル基を有するポリアミドイミド樹脂)
樹脂1-2:合成例1-2により調製(フェノール性水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するポリイミド樹脂)
樹脂1-3:合成例1-3により調製(ビスフェノールF型骨格を有するカルボキシル基含有樹脂)
樹脂1-4:合成例1-4により調製(ビスフェノールA型骨格を有するカルボキシル基含有樹脂)
樹脂1-5:合成例1-5により調製(エチレン性二重結合およびカルボキシル基を併せ持つ感光性樹脂)
[脂肪酸アミド]・ニッカアマイドS: N-ステアリルステアリン酸アミド(三菱ケミカル株式会社)
・ニッカアマイドOS: N-オレイルステアリン酸アミド(三菱ケミカル株式会社)
[光重合開始剤]
・IRGACURE OXE02: オキシム系光重合開始剤(BASFジャパン株式会社製)
[光重合性化合物]
・KRM8296: 3官能ウレタンアクリレート(ダイセル・オルネクス株式会社製)
・DPHA: ジペンタエリトールヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬株式会社製)
[熱硬化性樹脂]
・YDF-2004: ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル株式会社製)
・EPICLON 860: ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製)
・YDC-1312: 2,5-t-ブチルヒドロキノン型エポキシ樹脂(日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル株式会社製)
・N-655: クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(DIC株式会社製)
・TEPIC-S: トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート(日産化学株式会社製)
[熱硬化触媒]
・THPAメラミン: テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸付加メラミン(合成例1-6により調製)
[体質顔料]
・バリエースB-31: 硫酸バリウム(堺化学工業株式会社製)
3―1. ドライフィルムの作製
感光性樹脂組成物a~fを、有機溶剤MEKで、同一粘度に調整した。下記の表2および表3の樹脂層(A)として記載した樹脂組成物を、表2および3に記載した第1フィルム(材質:ポリエチレンテレフタレート厚さ:25μm、表面粗さ(Ra):0.03μmまたは0.3μm)上に、乾燥後の膜厚が同表に記載された膜厚になるように塗布し、熱風循環式乾燥炉を用いて90℃にて15分乾燥した。次に、上記の乾燥した樹脂層(A)上に、表2および表3の樹脂層(B)として記載した樹脂組成物を乾燥後の膜厚が同表に記載された膜厚になるように塗布し、80℃にて30分乾燥した。これにより、第1フィルム上に、樹脂層(A)および樹脂層(B)を順に有する積層体が得られた。次に、樹脂層(B)上に、第2フィルムとして延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムを張り合わせて、各実施例および比較例のドライフィルムとした。なお、比較例1-1~1-3のように単層の場合には上記、樹脂層(A)のみを塗布した後に、樹脂層(A)上に第2フィルムを張り合わせて、ドライフィルムとした。
なお、比較例1-2については、第1フィルムとして、マットPET(PTHA-25、ユニチカ株式会社製、表面粗さRa:0.3μm)を用いているため、マットPETの凹凸が樹脂層(A)に転写され、その結果、樹脂層(A)は、物理的に粗面化された表面を有するものとなる。
上記で作成したドライフィルムの第2フィルムを剥離した後に、真空ラミネーター(CVP-300:ニッコーマテリアル社製)を用いて80℃の第一チャンバーにて真空圧3hPa、バキューム時間30秒の条件下でラミネートした後、プレス圧0.5MPa、プレス時間30秒の条件でプレスを行い、プリント配線板上に、樹脂層(B)がプリント配線板上に接触するように貼り合わせて、第1、第2のグロス値測定用基板を作成した。
上記第1フィルムを除去した後に、150℃にて60分で熱硬化し、樹脂層(A)の外表面について測定したグロス値を第2のグロス値とした。
さらにこの試験基板を真空プレス機KVHC-PRESS(北川精機製)にて圧力3MPa、温度170℃にて30分のプレスを実施した(熱プレス工程)。この熱プレス工程後の積層体を、さらに260℃、10分にて再加熱した(再加熱工程)。
上記で作成したドライフィルムの第1フィルムを剥離した後に、真空ラミネーターを用いて、プリント配線板上に、樹脂層(A)がプリント配線板上に接触するように貼り合わせて、第3のグロス値測定用基板を作成した。なお、比較例1-1~1-3の単層ドライフィルムについては第1フィルムを剥離した後に、樹脂層(A)の第1フィルム側の表面がプリント配線板に接触するように張り合わせて作成する。
各測定用基板の第1、第2、第3のグロス値、および上記熱プレス工程、再加熱工程後の樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値を、光沢度計「micro-TRI-gloss」(BYK Additives & Instruments 社製)を用い、入射角60°にて測定した。測定結果を表2および表3に示す。
上記の測定結果をもとに、上記処理により完全に硬化した試験基板の樹脂層(A)表面のグロス値をマット調の外観を評価するものとして総合評価した。グロス値総合評価の基準は以下の通りである。
◎:熱プレス後、再加熱することにより再度グロス値が30以下となる。
×:再加熱後においてもグロス値が30超となる。
結果を表2および3に合わせて記載する。
第2のグロス値の測定を行う熱硬化後の基板にロジン系フラックスを塗布し、あらかじめ260℃および 280℃に設定したはんだ槽に10秒浸漬して、硬化塗膜の浮き、膨れ、剥がれの発生について評価した。評価基準は下記のとおりである。
◎:260℃および280℃のいずれの浸漬でも浮き、膨れ、剥がれの発生
がなかった。
〇:260℃の浸漬では浮き、膨れ、剥がれの発生がないが、280℃の浸
漬で浮き、膨れ、剥がれが発生した。
×:260℃および280℃のいずれの浸漬でも浮き、剥がれが発生した。
第2のグロス値の測定を行う熱硬化後の基板から、硬化した樹脂層を剥離し、これを破断強度評価の試験片とした。この試験片について、JIS K7127に準拠して破断強度を測定し、評価した。評価基準は、以下のとおりである。
◎:40MPa以上
〇:30MPa以上、40MPa未満
×:30MPa未満
第2のグロス値の測定を行う熱硬化後の基板から、硬化した樹脂層を剥離し、これを表面硬度評価の試験片とした。試験片の硬化塗膜をJIS K 5600―5―4:1999の試験方法に従って試験し、塗膜に傷のつかない最も高い硬度を測定した。
上記はんだ耐熱性の評価方法で用いた評価試験片と同じ評価試験片を用い、30cmの距離から目視で観察し、回路隠蔽性を評価した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎:回路が視認できない。
○:回路の一部が視認できる。
×:回路を明確に視認できる。
上述の方法で作成したドライフィルムの第1フィルムを剥離して、樹脂層(A)がプリント配線板と接触するように真空ラミネートをした後に、樹脂層(A)側からオーク社製の減圧密着型両面露光機(型番ORC HMW 680GW)によりステップタブレット(Kodak No.2)を介して紫外線を照射した。さらに試験基板の樹脂層(A)から第1フィルムを除去し、現像(30℃、0.2MPa、1wt%Na2CO3水溶液)を60秒で行った。測定サンプルごとに、現像後に残存する部分の、ステップタブレット5段目の濃度部分に対応する時の光量を最適露光量とした。
同様に、ドライフィルムの第1フィルムを剥離して、樹脂層(A)がプリント配線板と接触するように真空ラミネートをした後に、樹脂層(A)の外表面に、解像性評価用ネガマスクとしてビア開口径500μm、300μm、150μm、100μm、80μmを有するネガパターンを配し、これを介し、オーク社製の減圧密着型両面露光機(型番ORC HMW 680GW)により最適露光量にて紫外線を照射した。さらに試験基板の樹脂層(A)から第1フィルムを除去し、現像(30℃、0.2MPa、1wt%Na2CO3水溶液)を60秒で行った。150℃×60分で熱硬化することにより、硬化したドライフィルム(積層体または単層膜)を有する試験基板を作製した。この基板において、パターン開口部をSEMにて観察し、最小開口径を求めた。
機械特性測定結果を表2および3に合わせて記載する。
<樹脂組成物の調製>
1.樹脂成分の合成
[合成例2-1:フェノール性水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するポリイミド樹脂溶液(樹脂2-1)の合成]
上述した第一の実施の形態の実施例における合成例1-2と同様の方法で、フェノール性水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するポリイミド樹脂溶液(樹脂2-1)を得た。
温度計、窒素導入装置兼アルキレンオキシド導入装置および撹拌装置を備えたオートクレーブに、ノボラック型クレゾール樹脂(アイカ工業株式会社製、商品名「ショーノールCRG951」、OH当量:119.4)119.4g、水酸化カリウム1.19gおよびトルエン119.4gを仕込み、撹拌しつつ系内を窒素置換し、加熱昇温した。次に、プロピレンオキシド63.8gを徐々に滴下し、125~132℃、0~4.8kg/cm2で16時間反応させた。その後、室温まで冷却し、この反応溶液に89%リン酸1.56gを添加して水酸化カリウムを中和し、不揮発分62.1%、水酸基価が182.2g/eq.であるノボラック型クレゾール樹脂のプロピレンオキシド反応溶液を得た。これは、フェノール性水酸基1当量当りアルキレンオキシドが平均1.08モル付加しているものであった。次いで、得られたノボラック型クレゾール樹脂のアルキレンオキシド反応溶液293.0g、アクリル酸43.2g、メタンスルホン酸11.53g、メチルハイドロキノン0.18gおよびトルエン252.9gを、撹拌機、温度計および空気吹き込み管を備えた反応器に仕込み、空気を10ml/分の速度で吹き込み、撹拌しながら、110℃で12時間反応させた。反応により生成した水は、トルエンとの共沸混合物として、12.6gの水が留出した。その後、室温まで冷却し、得られた反応溶液を15%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液35.35gで中和し、次いで水洗した。その後、エバポレーターにてトルエンをジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート118.1gで置換しつつ留去し、ノボラック型アクリレート樹脂溶液を得た。次に、得られたノボラック型アクリレート樹脂溶液332.5gおよびトリフェニルフォスフィン1.22gを、撹拌器、温度計および空気吹き込み管を備えた反応器に仕込み、空気を10ml/分の速度で吹き込み、撹拌しながら、テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物60.8gを徐々に加え、95~101℃で6時間反応させた。このようにして、固形分酸価88mgKOH/g、固形分71%、質量平均分子量2,000のカルボキシル基含有樹脂(樹脂2―2)溶液を得た。
下記表4の樹脂層(A)および(B)の配合に従って、各成分を攪拌機にて予備混合した後、3本ロールミルにて混練し、各樹脂組成物を調製した。
ブロック共重合樹脂1:M65N:X-Y-X型ブロック共重合樹脂、質量平均分子量(Mw)約100000~300000、アルケマ社製、NANOSTRENGTH(登録商標)
ブロック共重合樹脂2:M52N:X-Y-X型ブロック共重合樹脂、質量平均分子量(Mw)約100000、アルケマ社製、NANOSTRENGTH(登録商標)
光重合性化合物1:DOUBLEMER 6MX75: DOUBLE BOND CHEMICAL IND. CO., LTD. 社製 一般式(I)で表される化合物
光重合性化合物2:DOUBLEMER 527、 DOUBLE BOND CHEMICAL IND. CO., LTD. 社製、6官能アクリレート脂肪族ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー
光重合性化合物3:DHPA:ジペンタエリスリトール ヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬社製)
エポキシ樹脂1:ビスフェノールA型ノボラックエポキシ樹脂 DIC社製 N870
光重合開始剤:オキシムエステル系光重合開始剤 IRUGACURE OXE02(BASFジャパン社製)
樹脂2-1: 合成例2-1により合成(フェノール性水酸基およびカルボキシル基を有するポリイミド樹脂)
ショウノールCRG951:アイカ工業社製、ノボラック型クレゾール樹脂、OH当量:119.4)
着色顔料(樹脂層(A)および(B)用):Paliogen Black S0084:ペリレンブラック顔料(BASF社製)
KAYARAD ZCR-1569H:酸変性エポキシアクリレート(日本化薬社製)(多官能エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートの2塩基酸無水物の付加物)
樹脂2-2:合成例2-2により合成(カルボキシル基含有ノボラック型アクリレート樹脂)
エポキシ樹脂2:ビスフェノールA型ノボラックエポキシ樹脂(DIC社製)
第1フィルムとしてマットPET(PTHA-25、ユニチカ株式会社製、表面粗さRa:0.3μm)を使用することにより、樹脂層(A)表面に凹凸を形成した。
上記のように得られた各樹脂組成物を、それぞれ有機溶剤MEKで希釈して適切な粘度(10mPa・s~100dPa・s)に調整した。第1フィルム(PETフィルム、厚さ:25μm、表面粗さ(Ra):0.03μm)上に、表4に記載の樹脂層(A)に対応する樹脂組成物を、乾燥後の膜厚が同表に記載した膜厚になるように塗布後、90℃にて15分乾燥した。次に、上記の乾燥した樹脂層(A)上に、表4の樹脂層(B)に対応する樹脂組成物を、乾燥後の膜厚が同表に記載の膜厚になるように塗布後、80℃にて30分乾燥した。これにより、第1フィルム上に、樹脂層(A)および樹脂層(B)を順に有する積層体が得られた。ただし、比較例2-3は樹脂層(A)のみの単層膜ドライフィルムとした。また、比較例2-2については、第1フィルムとして、マットPET(PTHA-25、ユニチカ株式会社製、表面粗さRa:0.3μm)を用いたため、マットPETの凹凸が樹脂層(A)に転写され、その結果、樹脂層(A)は、物理的に粗面化された表面を有していた。
銅厚15μmの回路が形成されている片面プリント配線基板を用意し、メック社製CZ8100を使用して前処理を行った。上記により作成した各実施例、比較例のドライフィルムを、樹脂層(B)が基板に接するように、真空ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせることにより、基板上に積層体を形成した。
この基板にオーク社製の減圧密着型両面露光機(型番ORC HMW 680GW)を用いて下記最適露光量でパターン露光し、100℃で30分間のベークを行った後、積層体作成時に第1フィルムとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離した。その後、30℃の1wt%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりスプレー圧0.2MPaの条件で60秒間現像を行い、ソルダーレジストパターンとして積層体の硬化物を得た。この基板に対し、樹脂層(A)の上部から、UVコンベア炉にて積算露光量1000mJ/cm2の条件で紫外線照射した後、150℃で60分加熱して硬化し、各積層体からなる硬化物を備える試験基板Aを作製した。
試験基板A作製時のパターン露光において用いた最適露光量は以下のように求めたものである。
すなわち、銅厚15μmの回路が形成されている片面プリント配線基板を用意し、メック社製CZ8100を使用して前処理を行った。上記により作成した各実施例、比較例のドライフィルムを、樹脂層(B)が基板に接するように、真空ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせることにより、基板上に積層体(測定サンプル)を形成した。このように得られた、各最適露光量測定サンプルに対し、オーク社製の減圧密着型両面露光機(型番ORC HMW 680GW)を用い、ステップタブレット(Kodak No.2)を介して露光した。露光後、100℃で30分間の加熱を行った。その後、積層体作成時に第1フィルムとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離し、現像(30℃、0.2MPa、1wt%Na2CO3水溶液)を60秒で行った。測定サンプルごとに、現像後に残存する部分の、ステップタブレット5段目の濃度部分に対応する時の光量を最適露光量として、試験基板AおよびBのパターン露光時の光量とした。
試験基板Aを用い、30cmの距離から目視観察し、回路の隠蔽性を評価した。評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎:隠蔽力が高く回路が視認できない。
〇:回路の一部を視認できる。
×:回路を明確に視認できる。
試験基板Aにて、試験片上の硬化物にカッターナイフで1mm間隔の碁盤目状の切込みを入れ、セロハンテープを貼り付けた後、セロハンテープを剥離し、試験片上の残存する硬化物の状態を以下の判定基準で評価した。
○:はがれが無い
×:はがれがある
上記試験基板Aに対し、
市販品の無電解ニッケルめっき浴及び無電解金めっき浴を用いて、ニッケル0.5μm、金0.03μmがつくような条件でめっきを行い、めっき面にJIS Z 1522に規定された呼び幅12~19mmのテープを貼り付け、テープを瞬間的に引きはがすことでテープピーリング試験を行った。めっきのしみ込みの有無を評価した。判定基準は以下のとおりである。
○:染み込み、剥がれが見られない
×:めっき後に少し染み込みが確認される
銅厚15μmの回路が形成されている片面プリント配線基板を用意し、メック社製CZ8100を使用して前処理を行った。上記により作成した各実施例、比較例のドライフィルムを、樹脂層(B)が基板に接するように、真空ラミネーターを用いて貼り合わせることにより、基板上に積層体を形成した。この基板の積層体の樹脂層(A)に、解像性評価用ネガマスクとしてビア開口径500μm、300μm、150μm、100μm、80μmを有するネガパターンを配し、これを介し、オーク社製の減圧密着型両面露光機(型番ORC HMW 680GW)を用いて、上述の方法で決定した最適露光量でパターン露光した。さらに、100℃で30分間のベークを行った後、積層体作成時に第1フィルムとして用いたPETフィルムを剥離した。その後、30℃の1wt%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液によりスプレー圧0.2MPaの条件で60秒間現像を行い、ソルダーレジストパターンを得た。この基板を、UVコンベア炉にて積算露光量1000mJ/cm2の条件で紫外線照射した後、150℃で60分加熱して硬化し、各積層体からなる硬化物を備える試験基板Bを作製した。
試験基板Bにおいて、パターン開口部をSEMにて観察し、最小開口径を求めた。
試験基板Bを、130℃、湿度85%の雰囲気下の高温高湿槽内に入れ、ライン/スペース=12μm/13μmのくし型電極部(n=6)に電圧3.5Vを印加し、300時間、槽内B-HASTを行った。300時間経過後、以下の基準に従い、B-HAST耐性を評価した。抵抗値1×106Ω未満をショートと判定した。
◎:6個のすべてのくし型電極間でショート発生なし
○:6個中1個のくし型電極間でショート発生
×:6個中2個以上のくし型電極間でショート発生
試験基板Bから、積層体の硬化物を剥離し、剥離した硬化物について、JIS K7127に準拠して破断強度を測定し、評価した。評価基準は、以下のとおりである。
◎:40MPa以上
〇:30MPa以上、40MPa未満
A 樹脂層(A)
B 樹脂層(B)
2 第2フィルム
Claims (7)
- 樹脂層(A)と、樹脂層(A)上に設けられた樹脂層(B)と、を備える積層体であって、
前記樹脂層(A)は、第1のグロス値が50以上であり、かつ第2のグロス値が30以下であり、
前記樹脂層(B)は、第3のグロス値が50以上であり、
(i)前記第1のグロス値は、基板上に前記樹脂層(B)と前記樹脂層(A)をこの順に備える積層体において、樹脂層(A)の表面に対して露光した後、加熱硬化前に、前記積層体における前記樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値を測定することにより求められる値であり、
(ii)前記第2のグロス値は、前記第1のグロス値の測定後の前記積層体を、さらに150℃で60分加熱処理を行った後に、前記積層体における前記樹脂層(A)の外表面のグロス値を測定することにより求められ、
(iii)前記第3のグロス値は、基板上に樹脂層(A)と樹脂層(B)をこの順に備える積層体において、樹脂層(B)の表面に対して露光し、さらに150℃で60分加熱処理を行った後に、前記積層体における前記樹脂層(B)の外表面のグロス値を測定することにより求められるものであることを特徴とする積層体。 - 樹脂層(A)と、樹脂層(A)上に設けられた樹脂層(B)と、を備える積層体であって、
前記樹脂層(A)が、
(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂と、
(A2)光重合性化合物と、
を有し、
前記樹脂層(B)が、
(B1)アルカリ可溶性の(メタ)アクリレート樹脂を有することを特徴とする積層体。 - 前記(A1)ブロック共重合樹脂がX-Y-X型であり、質量平均分子量Mwが20,000~400,000である請求項2に記載の積層体。
- 第1フィルムと第2フィルムをさらに含み、前記第1フィルム、前記樹脂層(A)、前記樹脂層(B)および前記第2フィルムを、この順に備えることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の積層体。
- 請求項1~5に記載の積層体の樹脂層を硬化してなる硬化物。
- 請求項6の硬化物を有する電子部品。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020237030945A KR20230165755A (ko) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | 적층체, 그의 경화물 및 이것을 포함하는 전자 부품 |
JP2023511198A JPWO2022210415A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | |
CN202280025179.9A CN117337234A (zh) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | 层叠体、其固化物和包含其的电子部件 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021059721 | 2021-03-31 | ||
JP2021-059674 | 2021-03-31 | ||
JP2021-059721 | 2021-03-31 | ||
JP2021059674 | 2021-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022210415A1 true WO2022210415A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Family
ID=83456213
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2022/014631 WO2022210415A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | 積層体、その硬化物、およびこれを含む電子部品 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPWO2022210415A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230165755A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022210415A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4152106B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-14 | 2008-09-17 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 艶消し皮膜形成用光硬化性・熱硬化性組成物 |
JP2017068247A (ja) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | 感光性樹脂組成物 |
JP2019015913A (ja) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-31 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 積層構造体、ドライフィルムおよびフレキシブルプリント配線板 |
WO2020110671A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 感光性熱硬化性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルムおよびプリント配線板 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2012141605A (ja) | 2010-12-16 | 2012-07-26 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 黒色感光性組成物、ソルダーレジスト及び感光性ドライフィルム |
-
2022
- 2022-03-25 KR KR1020237030945A patent/KR20230165755A/ko unknown
- 2022-03-25 JP JP2023511198A patent/JPWO2022210415A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-25 WO PCT/JP2022/014631 patent/WO2022210415A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4152106B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-14 | 2008-09-17 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 艶消し皮膜形成用光硬化性・熱硬化性組成物 |
JP2017068247A (ja) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-04-06 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | 感光性樹脂組成物 |
JP2019015913A (ja) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-31 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 積層構造体、ドライフィルムおよびフレキシブルプリント配線板 |
WO2020110671A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 太陽インキ製造株式会社 | 感光性熱硬化性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルムおよびプリント配線板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2022210415A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
KR20230165755A (ko) | 2023-12-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102273038B1 (ko) | 감광성 열경화성 수지 조성물 및 플렉시블 프린트 배선판 | |
US20120070780A1 (en) | Photosensitive resin composition, dry film solder resist, and circuit board | |
KR102580790B1 (ko) | 적층 구조체, 드라이 필름 및 플렉시블 프린트 배선판 | |
WO2014171525A1 (ja) | 積層構造体、フレキシブルプリント配線板及びその製造方法 | |
KR20170017999A (ko) | 경화성 수지 조성물, 드라이 필름, 경화물 및 프린트 배선판 | |
CN105683837B (zh) | 感光性热固性树脂组合物和柔性印刷电路板 | |
KR20110102193A (ko) | 내열성 및 기계적 성질이 우수한 감광성 수지 조성물 및 인쇄회로기판용 보호필름 | |
JP6852234B2 (ja) | フォトレジスト組成物およびその硬化物 | |
JP2015529844A (ja) | 光硬化性及び熱硬化性を有する樹脂組成物と、ドライフィルムソルダーレジスト | |
TWI656403B (zh) | 感光性樹脂組成物、乾膜及印刷線路板(一) | |
JP2020166215A (ja) | ドライフィルム、硬化物、および、電子部品 | |
US9298096B2 (en) | Curable resin composition, cured product thereof, printed circuit board comprising the same, and method for producing the cured product | |
WO2023190456A1 (ja) | 硬化物、感光性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルムおよびプリント配線板 | |
WO2022210415A1 (ja) | 積層体、その硬化物、およびこれを含む電子部品 | |
WO2014021590A1 (ko) | 광경화성 및 열경화성을 갖는 수지 조성물과, 드라이 필름 솔더 레지스트 | |
TWI811313B (zh) | 硬化性樹脂組成物、乾膜、硬化物,及電子零件 | |
JP2020166271A (ja) | 感光性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルム、硬化物、およびプリント配線板 | |
CN117337234A (zh) | 层叠体、其固化物和包含其的电子部件 | |
KR20230151977A (ko) | 적층 구조체 및 플렉시블 프린트 배선판 | |
JP2022158998A (ja) | 積層体、その硬化物およびこれを含む電子部品 | |
JP2021154725A (ja) | 積層体、プリント配線板の製造方法、及びプリント配線板 | |
WO2023190393A1 (ja) | 硬化物およびプリント配線板 | |
JP2020166211A (ja) | 硬化性樹脂組成物、ドライフィルム、硬化物、プリント配線板、および電子部品 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22780628 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023511198 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280025179.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 22780628 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |