WO2022202466A1 - クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法、クロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法、及びクロマトグラフィー用担体 - Google Patents
クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法、クロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法、及びクロマトグラフィー用担体 Download PDFInfo
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- DHGJWSRGFMFRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical class CCC=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DHGJWSRGFMFRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000028557 immunoglobulin binding proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091009323 immunoglobulin binding proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQMHJBXHRFJKOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(1-methoxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)OC ZQMHJBXHRFJKOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091005573 modified proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000035118 modified proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylacetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC=C RQAKESSLMFZVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylpropanamide Chemical compound CCC(=O)NC=C IUWVWLRMZQHYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCC[CH]CCCC ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWLFGLCGZUVIEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)NN ZWLFGLCGZUVIEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N normal nonane Natural products CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-3-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HATIEXJZXOLRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCCCCC(=O)NN HATIEXJZXOLRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC(C=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DBSDMAPJGHBWAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGYJSPMYALQHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CCCC(=O)NN LGYJSPMYALQHBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005560 phenanthrenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010055837 phosphocarrier protein HPr Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSIKPHJLTVSQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanedihydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)CC(=O)NN PSIKPHJLTVSQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOIMEHRWLXXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,3-dicarbohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1C(=O)NN HOIMEHRWLXXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001467 sodium calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JDVPQXZIJDEHAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(O)=O JDVPQXZIJDEHAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCC=C)C(C(=O)OCC=C)=C1 GRPURDFRFHUDSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
- B01J20/282—Porous sorbents
- B01J20/285—Porous sorbents based on polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/20—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
- B01D15/206—Packing or coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/22—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the construction of the column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28052—Several layers of identical or different sorbents stacked in a housing, e.g. in a column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/281—Sorbents specially adapted for preparative, analytical or investigative chromatography
- B01J20/286—Phases chemically bonded to a substrate, e.g. to silica or to polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3092—Packing of a container, e.g. packing a cartridge or column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
- B01D15/3804—Affinity chromatography
- B01D15/3809—Affinity chromatography of the antigen-antibody type, e.g. protein A, G, L chromatography
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a chromatography carrier, a method for producing a chromatography column, and a chromatography carrier.
- a carrier for chromatography for example, a carrier obtained by polymerizing divinylbenzene, ethylvinylbenzene and glycidyl methacrylate and then binding a ligand to porous crosslinked particles further crosslinked with adipic acid dihydrazide (Patent Document 1), crosslinked agarose.
- Patent Document 2 A carrier in which a ligand is bound to particles has been reported (Patent Document 2).
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a chromatography carrier that is excellent in liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage.
- Step 1 Step 1
- Step 2 Step 2
- Step 2 Step 3
- Step 2 Step 3
- a method for producing a chromatography carrier comprising the following steps 1 and 2, wherein the solid phase support prepared in step 1 is a ligand-immobilized porous particle.
- Step 1 Step of preparing a solid phase support
- Step 2 By sieving and classifying the solid phase support, the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the ligand-immobilized porous particles is 1% or more. % or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution of the ligand-immobilized porous particles is -0.1 or more and 5 or less.
- a method for producing a chromatography carrier wherein the solid-phase support prepared in step 1 is a porous particle to which no ligand is immobilized.
- Step 1 Step of preparing a solid phase support
- Step 2 By sieving and classifying the solid phase support, the variation coefficient of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles when the ligand is immobilized is 1%. 22% or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles when the ligand is immobilized is -0.1 or more and 5 or less ⁇ 4>
- Step 3 Step 2
- step 2a when the volume average particle diameter (2a-d) of the solid phase support before sieve classification is 100%, the mesh opening is 10 of (2a-d) % or more and less than 200% of the sieve, and (Step 2b) a sieve with a mesh opening larger than that of the sieve of step 2a and less than 600% of (2a-d). and collecting in this order or in reverse order.
- step 2b The method for producing a chromatography carrier according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the sieve classification in step 2 is a wet method.
- a step of filling a column container with a carrier is provided, wherein the carrier is a porous particle with a ligand immobilized thereon, and the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier is 1% or more and 22% or less. and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is -0.1 or more and 5 or less (hereinafter also referred to as the chromatography column manufacturing method of the present invention).
- a carrier for chromatography dispersed in a dispersion medium wherein the carrier is a porous particle with a ligand immobilized thereon, and the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier is 1% or more. 22% or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is -0.1 or more and 5 or less (hereinafter also referred to as the chromatography carrier of the present invention).
- ⁇ 12> The carrier for chromatography according to ⁇ 10> or ⁇ 11>, wherein the carrier has a volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 of 30 ⁇ m or more and 75 ⁇ m or less.
- a chromatography carrier that is excellent in liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the volume-based particle size distribution of carrier W1 (Example 1). The figure which shows the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier W3 (Example 3). The figure which shows the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier W5 (Example 5).
- the method for producing a chromatographic carrier of the present invention comprises the following steps 1 and 2, wherein the solid phase support prepared in step 1 is a porous particle to which no ligand is immobilized or a porous particle to which a ligand is immobilized. It is characterized by being particles.
- Step 1 Step of preparing a solid phase support
- Step 2 By sieving and classifying the solid phase support, the variation coefficient of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles when the ligand is immobilized is 1%. 22% or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles when the ligand is immobilized is -0.1 or more and 5 or less.
- Step 1 is a step of preparing a solid phase support.
- the solid-phase support prepared in step 1 is porous particles to which ligands are not immobilized or ligands are immobilized.
- Porous particles containing a polymer are preferable as the porous particles.
- Such porous particles may be natural polymer porous particles composed of polysaccharides such as agarose, dextran and cellulose, or synthetic polymer porous particles. In order to improve the uniformity of the particle size and simplify the sieving classification process, synthetic polymer-based porous particles are preferred.
- the porous particles are preferably water-insoluble.
- the solid phase support may be produced according to a conventional method, but the step 1 preferably includes a step of preparing porous particles to which no ligand is immobilized (hereinafter also referred to as step 1a).
- step 1a a step of dispersing the monomer composition in an aqueous medium and carrying out suspension polymerization is preferable in order to facilitate the preparation of synthetic polymer-based porous particles having a desired particle size.
- the monomer composition used in step 1a preferably contains a functional group-containing monomer.
- the functional group contained in this monomer is preferably one that can be used for additional chemical reactions (reaction with a cross-linking agent, etc.), and may be capable of immobilizing a ligand.
- a cyclic ether group is preferred.
- the "cyclic ether group” is preferably a cyclic ether group having 3 to 7 atoms constituting the ring.
- the cyclic ether group may have an alkyl group as a substituent.
- Specific examples of the cyclic ether group include cyclic ether groups represented by the following formulas (1) to (6). is preferred, and a cyclic ether group represented by formula (1) is more preferred.
- R 1 to R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and * represents a bond.
- the alkyl groups represented by R 1 to R 4 preferably have 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and the like.
- hydrogen atoms are preferable as R 1 to R 4 .
- a monomer having a functional group capable of fixing a ligand and a polymerizable unsaturated group is preferred.
- Such monomers include, for example, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, 3-oxiranylpropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-oxiranylbutyl (meth)acrylate, 5-oxiranylpentyl (meth)acrylate, 6- oxiranylhexyl (meth)acrylate, 7-oxiranylheptyl (meth)acrylate, 8-oxiranyloctyl (meth)acrylate, (3-methyloxiranyl)methyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate ) acrylate glycidyl ether, glycerin mono(meth)acrylate glycidyl ether, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl (
- the total amount of functional group-containing monomers used is preferably 35 parts by mass or more, more preferably 45 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 55 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers used in step 1a, Further, it is preferably 99 parts by mass or less, more preferably 90 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 85 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers used in step 1a.
- the monomer composition used in step 1a may further contain monomers other than functional group-containing monomers (hereinafter also referred to as other monomers) in addition to the functional group-containing monomers.
- Other monomers include polymerizable unsaturated group-containing monomers having no functional group capable of immobilizing a ligand.
- Other monomers are broadly classified into non-crosslinking monomers and crosslinkable monomers, and either one of these may be used or both may be used. According to the present invention, even when a monomer that does not contain a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxy group is used as another monomer, it is possible to satisfy the antifouling property, and it is applicable to a wide range of monomer compositions. be.
- non-crosslinking monomers examples include (meth)acrylate non-crosslinking monomers, (meth)acrylamide non-crosslinking monomers, aromatic vinyl non-crosslinking monomers, vinyl ketone non-crosslinking monomers, and (meth)acrylonitrile. non-crosslinking monomers, N-vinylamide non-crosslinking monomers, and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among the non-crosslinking monomers, (meth)acrylate non-crosslinking monomers and aromatic vinyl non-crosslinking monomers are preferred.
- Examples of the (meth)acrylate-based non-crosslinkable monomers include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butyl (meth)acrylate, and isobutyl (meth)acrylate.
- n-octyl (meth)acrylate 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, glycerol mono (meth)acrylate , trimethylolethane mono(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane mono(meth)acrylate, butanetriol mono(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol mono(meth)acrylate , dipentaerythritol mono(meth)acrylate, inositol mono(meth)acrylate and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the (meth)acrylamide-based non-crosslinking monomer include (meth)acrylamide, dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylamide, (meth)acryloylmorpholine, diacetone(meth)acrylamide, and the like. be done. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- aromatic vinyl-based non-crosslinking monomer examples include styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, halogenated styrene, 4-methylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylstyrene, ethylvinyl styrenes such as benzene, 4-isopropylstyrene, 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-isobutylstyrene and 4-tert-butylstyrene; and vinylnaphthalenes such as 1-vinylnaphthalene and 2-vinylnaphthalene. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the vinyl ketone-based non-crosslinking monomer include ethyl vinyl ketone, propyl vinyl ketone, isopropyl vinyl ketone, and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the (meth)acrylonitrile-based non-crosslinkable monomer include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the N-vinylamide-based non-crosslinkable monomers include N-vinylacetamide and N-vinylpropionamide. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the total amount of non-crosslinking monomers used is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 0.1 part by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers used in step 1a. It is at least 30 parts by mass, more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers used in step 1a.
- crosslinkable monomers examples include (meth)acrylate crosslinkable monomers, aromatic vinyl crosslinkable monomers, and allyl crosslinkable monomers. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- As the cross-linking monomer a bi- to penta-functional cross-linking monomer is preferable, and a bi- or tri-functional cross-linking monomer is more preferable.
- (meth)acrylate crosslinkable monomers and aromatic vinyl crosslinkable monomers are preferred.
- Examples of the (meth)acrylate crosslinkable monomer include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, dipropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetrapropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1, 4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, glycerin di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolethane di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane Tri(meth)acrylate, butanetriol
- aromatic vinyl-based crosslinkable monomers examples include divinylbenzene, trivinylbenzene, divinyltoluene, divinylxylene, divinylethylbenzene, and divinylnaphthalene. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- allyl-based crosslinkable monomer examples include diallyl phthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl itaconate, diallyl trimellitate, triallyl trimellitate, and triallyl cyanurate. , diallyl isocyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate, and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- diaminopropanol trishydroxymethylaminomethane
- dehydration condensation reaction products of aminoalcohols such as glucosamine and (meth)acrylic acid
- conjugated diamines such as butadiene and isoprene.
- Olefins and the like can be mentioned.
- the total amount of the crosslinkable monomer used is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 10 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total monomer used in step 1a, and , preferably 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 40 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers used in step 1a.
- aqueous medium examples include aqueous solutions of water-soluble polymers, and examples of water-soluble polymers include hydroxyethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, starch, and gelatin.
- the total amount of the aqueous medium used is usually about 200 parts by mass or more and 7000 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the monomers.
- a dispersion stabilizer such as sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate, calcium phosphate, and sodium chloride may be used.
- a polymerization initiator is dissolved in a mixed solution (monomer solution) containing a monomer composition and optionally a porosity agent, suspended in an aqueous medium, and a predetermined A method of polymerizing by heating to a temperature, or dissolving a polymerization initiator in a mixed solution (monomer solution) containing a monomer composition and optionally a porosity agent, and adding it to an aqueous medium heated to a predetermined temperature for polymerization.
- a radical polymerization initiator is preferable as the polymerization initiator.
- radical polymerization initiators include azo initiators, peroxide initiators, redox initiators, etc. Specific examples include azobisisobutyronitrile, methyl azobisisobutyrate, azobis-2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide-dimethylaniline and the like.
- the total amount of the polymerization initiator used is usually about 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomers.
- the porosity agent is used to produce porous particles, exists together with the monomer in the polymerization within the oil droplets, and has a role of forming pores as a non-polymerized component.
- the porosity agent is not particularly limited as long as it can be easily removed, and examples thereof include linear polymers soluble in various organic solvents and mixed monomers. good.
- the porosifying agent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, and undecane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane and cyclohexane; benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, and ethylbenzene.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as; carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene; butanol, pentanol, hexanol, heptanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2- Aliphatic alcohols such as ethyl-1-hexanol; Alicyclic alcohols such as cyclohexanol; Aromatic alcohols such as 2-phenylethyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol; Diethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetophenone, 2 - ketones such as octanone and cyclohexanone; ethers such as dibutyl ether, diisobutyl ether, anisole and ethoxybenzene; Linear polymers such as homopolymers of vinyl monomers are included. A poros
- various surfactants including anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates, alkylaryl sulfates, alkyl phosphates, and fatty acid salts may be used.
- polymerization inhibitors such as nitrites such as sodium nitrite, iodide salts such as potassium iodide, tert-butylpyrocatechol, benzoquinone, picric acid, hydroquinone, copper chloride and ferric chloride can also be used.
- a polymerization modifier such as dodecyl mercaptan may be used.
- the polymerization temperature in step 1a may be determined according to the polymerization initiator, but it is usually about 2 to 100°C, and when azobisisobutyronitrile is used as the polymerization initiator, it is preferably 50 to 100°C. , 60 to 95° C. is more preferred.
- the polymerization time is usually 5 minutes to 48 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours.
- the method for producing the carrier for chromatography of the present invention further comprises a step of contacting the porous particles obtained in step 1a, on which no ligand is immobilized, with a cross-linking agent (hereinafter also referred to as step 1b).
- a cross-linking agent hereinafter also referred to as step 1b.
- the cross-linking agent is added to some of the functional groups in the polymer molecule of the porous particles in step 1b to obtain the cross-linking agent. derived substructures are introduced. As a result, the residues of the functional groups are cross-linked via the partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent.
- a step of contacting the solid-phase support after the sieve classification in step 2 with a cross-linking agent may be provided without performing step 1b after step 1a.
- Production methods comprising such steps include, for example, a mode in which the solid support and a cross-linking agent are brought into contact between steps 2a and 2b described later (specifically, step 2a, cross-linking step, step 2b step 2b, cross-linking step, step 2a), step 2a and step 2b followed by contacting the solid phase support with a cross-linking agent (specifically, step 2a, step 2b , an aspect performed in the order of the crosslinking step, and an aspect performed in the order of step 2b, step 2a, and the crosslinking step).
- the embodiment in which the solid phase support and the cross-linking agent are brought into contact between step 2a and step 2b is preferable.
- the cross-linking agent used in step 1b should be capable of reacting with a functional group capable of immobilizing a ligand to introduce a cross-linked structure.
- porous particles obtained in step 1a have cyclic ether groups, specifically, at least two groups represented by —C( ⁇ O)—NH—NH 2 as crosslinkable groups are present in the molecule.
- dicarboxylic acid dihydrazides tricarboxylic acid trihydrazides such as cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid trihydrazide; (alkylenebisimino)bis(oxoalkanoic acids) such as N1,N1-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(succinic acid monoamide) and the like.
- a crosslinking agent can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these cross-linking agents, dicarboxylic acid dihydrazides and (alkylenebisimino)bis(oxoalkanoic acids) are preferred in order to improve liquid permeability, pressure resistance properties during liquid passage, and antifouling properties. Dihydrazides are more preferred.
- cross-linking agents include polyfunctional isocyanate cross-linking agents, multifunctional epoxy cross-linking agents, multifunctional aldehyde cross-linking agents, multifunctional thiol cross-linking agents, multifunctional oxazoline cross-linking agents, and multifunctional aziridine cross-linking agents. agents, metal chelate-based cross-linking agents, and the like.
- the total amount of the cross-linking agent used is preferably 0.01 molar equivalent or more and 0.8 molar equivalent or less, more preferably 0.05 molar equivalent or more and 0 0.7 molar equivalents or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 molar equivalents or more and 0.6 molar equivalents or less.
- step 1b may be performed in the presence of a basic catalyst.
- Basic catalysts include triethylamine, N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine, sodium hydroxide, diisopropylethylamine, and the like, which can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- reaction time in step 1b is not particularly limited, but it is usually about 0.5 to 72 hours, preferably 0.5 to 48 hours.
- reaction temperature may be appropriately selected at the boiling point or lower of the solvent, but it is usually about 2 to 100°C.
- the method for producing the chromatography carrier of the present invention includes immobilizing the ligands on the porous particles obtained in step 1a or step 1b. It is preferable to further include a step of performing (hereinafter also referred to as step 1c).
- step 1c a step of performing
- the ligand is bound to the functional group of the polymer molecule of the porous particles in step 1c.
- the ligand may be an ion exchange group that can be introduced via a molecule that binds to the target substance or a functional group on the surface of the porous particle.
- Proteins such as protein A, protein G, and avidin; peptides such as insulin; nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA; enzymes; chelate compounds such as iminodiacetic acid; Carbohydrates such as Lewis X and gangliosides; receptors; aptamers; vitamins such as biotin and derivatives thereof; metal ions; etc.
- the ligands exemplified above may be used in their entirety, their fragments obtained by recombinants, enzymatic treatments, etc. may also be used. Alternatively, it may be an artificially synthesized peptide or peptide derivative.
- proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, enzymes, and chelate compounds are preferred, proteins and peptides are more preferred, and proteins are particularly preferred.
- immunoglobulin-binding proteins are preferred among antibody affinity ligands that target antibodies.
- Antibody affinity ligands include peptide ligands, protein ligands, and chemically synthesized ligands (synthetic compounds), preferably peptide or protein ligands.
- protein A, protein G, protein L, protein H, protein D, protein Arp, protein Fc ⁇ R, antibody-binding synthetic peptide ligands, and analogues thereof are preferred, and protein A, protein G, protein L, and analogues thereof. is more preferred, and protein A and analogues thereof are particularly preferred.
- the immobilized amount of the ligand is preferably 10 mg or more and 300 mg or less, more preferably 25 mg or more and 150 mg or less per 1 g of the dry weight of the porous particles obtained in step 1a or step 1b, in order to increase the dynamic binding capacity. .
- Immobilization of the ligand to the porous particles may be carried out in a conventional manner.
- a chemical binding method is preferred as the ligand immobilization method.
- methods for controlling the orientation of ligands US Pat. No.
- the ligand-immobilized porous particles may be brought into contact with a thiol compound such as methanethiol or thioglycerol to open unreacted functional groups.
- a thiol compound such as methanethiol or thioglycerol
- the volume average particle size of the solid phase support prepared in step 1 is preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, and is preferably 120 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably. is 95 ⁇ m or less.
- a specific range of the volume average particle size of the solid phase support prepared in step 1 is preferably 30 ⁇ m to 120 ⁇ m, more preferably 40 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 50 ⁇ m to 95 ⁇ m.
- the volume average particle size of the solid phase support prepared in step 1 can be measured according to ISO13320:2009.
- Step 2 the solid-phase support prepared in step 1 is screen-classified so that the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles when the ligand is immobilized is 1% or more and 22% or less, and the ligand This is a step of adjusting the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution of the porous particles to be -0.1 or more and 5 or less when is fixed.
- the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution when measured after immobilizing the ligand on the porous particles is 1% or more and 22% or less, and when the measurement is performed after immobilizing the ligand on the porous particles.
- the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is -0.1 or more and 5 or less.
- sieving and classification may be performed either before or after immobilizing the ligand, or both.
- Sieve classification may be performed.
- a classification method such as centrifugation or sedimentation separation may be used in combination so that the coefficient of variation and skewness when measured after immobilizing the ligand on the porous particles are within the above ranges.
- the productivity of the carrier is improved. Further, by adjusting the coefficient of variation to 22% or less, the liquid permeability of the carrier for chromatography and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are improved.
- the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 6% or more, still more preferably 8% or more, and particularly preferably 10% or more, in order to improve the productivity of the carrier, Also, in order to improve liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage, it is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 18% or less, still more preferably 17% or less, and particularly preferably 16% or less.
- a specific range is preferably 5% or more and 20% or less, more preferably 6% or more and 20% or less, still more preferably 8% or more and 18% or less, further preferably 8% or more and 17% or less, and 10% or more and 16%. % or less is particularly preferred.
- the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution is 18% or less or 17% or less, the liquid permeability of the carrier for chromatography and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are particularly improved.
- the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution is the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the ligand-immobilized porous particles measured according to ISO 13319:2007. It can be measured by the method described.
- the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is preferably -0.01 or more, more preferably 0.01 or more, and still more preferably 0.1 in order to improve the liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage.
- -0.01 or more and 4 or less are preferable, 0.01 or more and 3 or less are more preferable, 0.1 or more and 3 or less are still more preferable, 0.3 or more and 2 or less are still more preferable, and 0.4 2 or less is particularly preferable.
- the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is 0.1 or more or 0.3 or more, the liquid permeability of the carrier for chromatography and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are particularly improved.
- the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution measured in accordance with ISO 13319:2007 for the ligand-immobilized porous particles. It can be measured by the method described.
- the particles are sieved and classified so that the volume average particle diameter is preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 55 ⁇ m or more, and the volume average particle diameter is preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, More preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 90 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, the sieving is carried out.
- a specific range of the volume average particle size is preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 55 ⁇ m or more and 90 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 55 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less.
- the volume-average particle size is a volume-average particle size measured by a laser diffraction scattering method according to ISO13320:2009.
- the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more, in order to improve liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage. , Especially preferably sieved to be 40 ⁇ m or more, and in order to increase the dynamic binding capacity, the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 is preferably 85 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably It is sieved and classified to 65 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 58 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 55 ⁇ m or less.
- the specific range of the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 85 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 75 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more and 65 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 58 ⁇ m or less, and 40 ⁇ m or more and 55 ⁇ m. The following are particularly preferred.
- the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 is 35 ⁇ m or more or 40 ⁇ m or more, the liquid permeability of the carrier for chromatography and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are particularly improved.
- the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more. , More preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 45 ⁇ m or more, and sieved and classified, and in order to increase the dynamic binding capacity, the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably It is sieved and classified to 80 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 70 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 65 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 60 ⁇ m or less.
- the specific range of the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more and 70 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 65 ⁇ m or less, and 45 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m. The following are particularly preferred.
- the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 is 40 ⁇ m or more or 45 ⁇ m or more, the liquid permeability of the carrier for chromatography and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are particularly improved.
- the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 40 ⁇ m or more. is sieved to be 55 ⁇ m or more, and in order to improve dynamic binding capacity and pressure resistance characteristics, the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 90 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably is screen-classified so as to be 85 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 65 ⁇ m or less.
- a specific range of the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 90 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 85 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 40 ⁇ m or more and 75 ⁇ m or less, 55 ⁇ m or more and 65 ⁇ m. The following are particularly preferred.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d1/d50] is It is preferably 0.55 or more, more preferably 0.60 or more, still more preferably 0.63 or more, still more preferably 0.65 or more, and particularly preferably 0.70 or more.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d1/d50] is preferably 1.0 or less. More preferably 0.95 or less, still more preferably 0.90 or less, and particularly preferably 0.85 or less, it is sifted and classified.
- the specific range of the value [d1/d50] obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 is preferably 0.55 or more and 1.0 or less, and 0.60 or more and 0 0.95 or less is more preferable, 0.63 or more and 0.90 or less is still more preferable, 0.65 or more and 0.90 or less is still more preferable, and 0.70 or more and 0.85 or less is particularly preferable.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 1% particle diameter d1 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d1/d50] is 0.63 or more or 0.70 or more, the liquid permeability of the chromatography carrier and Especially the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid flow are improved.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d5/d50] is It is preferably 0.50 or more, more preferably 0.60 or more, still more preferably 0.70 or more, and particularly preferably 0.80 or more.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 50% particle size d5 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle size d50 [d5/d50] is preferably 1.0 or less, more preferably 0.97 or less, More preferably 0.95 or less, particularly preferably 0.90 or less, the sieving is performed.
- the specific range of the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d5/d50] is preferably 0.50 or more and 1.0 or less, and 0.60 or more and 0 0.97 or less is more preferable, 0.70 or more and 0.95 or less is still more preferable, and 0.80 or more and 0.90 or less is particularly preferable.
- the value obtained by dividing the volume-based cumulative 5% particle diameter d5 by the volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter d50 [d5/d50] is 0.70 or more or 0.80 or more, the liquid permeability of the chromatography carrier and Especially the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid flow are improved.
- Volume-based cumulative 1% particle size d1, volume-based cumulative 5% particle size d5 and volume-based cumulative 50% particle size d50 are volume average particle size values measured in accordance with ISO13319: 2007. d1, d5 and d50 values measured in accordance with ISO 13319: 2007 using a shape factor that is the value of the volume average particle diameter measured by It can be measured by the method described in the examples.
- the sieve classification in step 2 may be a dry method or a wet method, but is preferably a wet method in order to facilitate adjustment to porous particles having a desired particle size and to prevent the porous particles from being damaged.
- Sieve classification is done by Koei Sangyo Co., Ltd. Sato type vibrating sieve machine, direct discharge type vibrating sieve machine, vibration sieve machine with crushing mechanism, high vibration type vibrating sieve machine, vibration sieve machine with ultrasonic oscillator, etc. It can be done using a device.
- step 2a when the volume average particle diameter (2a - d) of the solid phase support before sieve classification is 100%, the mesh opening is 10 of (2a - d) % or more and less than 200% of the sieve, and (Step 2b) a sieve with a mesh opening larger than that of the sieve of step 2a and less than 600% of (2a-d). is preferably performed in this order or in reverse order.
- the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2a is preferably 30% or more, more preferably 50%, when (2a-d) is 100%, in order to improve liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage. % or more, more preferably 60% or more, more preferably 62% or more, particularly preferably 68% or more, and in order to increase the dynamic binding capacity, when (2a-d) is 100%, it is preferable is 150% or less, more preferably 120% or less, still more preferably 105% or less, and particularly preferably 90% or less.
- the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2a is preferably 30% or more and 150% or less, more preferably 50% or more and 120% or less, still more preferably 60% or more and 105%, when (2a-d) is 100%.
- % more preferably 62% or more and 90% or less, particularly preferably 68% or more and 90% or less.
- the opening of the sieve used in step 2a is 62% or more or 68% or more when (2a-d) is 100%, the liquid permeability of the chromatography carrier and the pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage are improved. Especially improved.
- the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2a is preferably 16 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, in order to improve liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage. More preferably 35 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, and in order to increase the dynamic binding capacity, it is preferably less than 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 80 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 70 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 60 ⁇ m or less, especially It is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less.
- a specific range is preferably 16 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 80 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more and 70 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more and 60 ⁇ m or less, and 40 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. is particularly preferred.
- the sieve used in step 2a When the sieve used in step 2a has an opening of more than 70 ⁇ m and 80 ⁇ m or less, the sieve used in step 2b preferably has an opening of 90 ⁇ m or more, and the sieve used in step 2a has an opening of more than 60 ⁇ m and 70 ⁇ m or less.
- the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2b is preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, and when the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2a is more than 50 ⁇ m and 60 ⁇ m or less, the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2b is preferably When it is 65 ⁇ m or more and the sieve used in step 2a has an opening of 50 ⁇ m or less, the sieve used in step 2b preferably has an opening of 55 ⁇ m or more.
- the mesh size of the sieve used in step 2b is preferably less than 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 250 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 150 ⁇ m, in order to improve liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage. Below, it is particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the sieving classification in step 2 may be either sieving classification A or sieving B, but sieving classification B is preferred, regardless of whether steps 2a and 2b are performed before or after.
- sieving classification B is preferred, regardless of whether steps 2a and 2b are performed before or after.
- Step 2a When the solid phase support prepared in Step 1 is set to 100% by volume average particle diameter (2a-d) of the solid phase support before sieve classification, the mesh opening is (2a- d) is passed through a sieve of 10% or more and less than 200% to collect the sieve residue, (step 2b) the sieve residue collected in step 2a, and the mesh opening is larger than the sieve of step 2a and (2a- Mode of recovering the sieve passage by sieving less than 600% of d) Sieve classification B (Step 2b)
- the solid phase support prepared in Step 1 has a mesh opening larger than that of the sieve in Step 2a and (2a-d ) to collect the sieve passage, (step 2a) the sieve passage collected in step 2b, and the volume average particle diameter (2a-d) of the solid phase support before sieve classification of 100 %, pass through a sieve with an opening of 10% or more and less than 200% of (2a-d), and recover the residue on the sieve
- Step 3 when porous particles to which no ligand is immobilized are prepared as the solid-phase support, the method for producing the chromatography carrier of the present invention includes adding ligands to the porous particles sieved and classified in step 2. is preferably further included in the step of fixing (hereinafter also referred to as step 3). By providing step 3 after step 2 in this way, the dynamic binding capacity can be increased and the productivity of the carrier can be improved.
- step 3 can be performed in the same manner as step 1c.
- reaction product obtained in each of the above steps may be purified by separation means such as filtration and washing.
- a chromatography carrier excellent in liquid permeability and pressure resistance characteristics during liquid passage can be produced simply and efficiently.
- the thus obtained chromatography carrier has high hydrophilicity and excellent antifouling properties, and has a large dynamic binding capacity for a target substance when a ligand is immobilized thereon. Also suitable for use in affinity chromatography.
- the method for producing a chromatography column of the present invention comprises a step of filling a column container with a carrier, wherein the carrier is a porous particle having a ligand immobilized thereon, and the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier is 1% or more and 22% or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is -0.1 or more and 5 or less.
- the chromatographic carrier of the present invention is a chromatographic carrier dispersed in a dispersion medium, the carrier is a porous particle having a ligand immobilized thereon, and the volume-based particle size distribution of the carrier is The coefficient of variation is 1% or more and 22% or less, and the skewness of the volume-based particle size distribution is -0.1 or more and 5 or less.
- the ligand is immobilized on the porous particles, the coefficient of variation of the volume-based particle size distribution is 1% or more and 22% or less, and the distortion of the volume-based particle size distribution is Except for using a carrier having a degree of -0.1 or more and 5 or less, the procedure may be carried out in the same manner as in a conventional method.
- the carrier used in the method for producing the chromatography column of the present invention and the carrier for chromatography of the present invention are the same as those with immobilized ligands among the carriers for chromatography obtained by the method for producing the carrier for chromatography of the present invention. is.
- Variation coefficient of volume-based particle size distribution, skewness of volume-based particle size distribution, volume-average particle size, volume-based cumulative 1% particle size d1, volume-based cumulative 5% particle size of the carrier and the chromatography carrier of the present invention d5, volume-based cumulative 50% particle size d50, [d1/d50], and [d5/d50] are preferably within the ranges adjusted in step 2 above.
- the specific surface area of the above carrier, the carrier for chromatography of the present invention is preferably 1 to 500 m 2 /g, more preferably 10 to 300 m 2 /g.
- the volume average pore diameter of the carrier and the carrier for chromatography of the present invention is preferably 10 to 300 nm.
- the above specific surface area and volume average pore diameter can be measured by a gas adsorption method, a mercury porosimeter method, or the like.
- the polymer may be a structural unit (A ), and a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (7), and a structural unit represented by the following formula (8) having a residue of a functional group capable of immobilizing a ligand as Z 2 Those having (B) are more preferred.
- fixing of the ligand to the porous particles containing the polymer may be carried out in the same manner as in a conventional method.
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 6 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- Z 1 represents a residue of a functional group capable of immobilizing a ligand
- X represents -R 15 -R 16 (R 15 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- R 16 represents a ligand
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 8 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- Z 2 represents a residue of a functional group capable of immobilizing a ligand
- ** indicates a bond that binds to the partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent (specifically, the cross-linking agent mentioned in step 1b).
- the “cyclic ether group” in the divalent group formed by ring-opening the cyclic ether group the same ones as those listed as examples of the functional group possessed by the functional group-containing monomer are preferable.
- the cyclic ether group is an epoxy group
- the divalent group obtained by ring-opening the cyclic ether group is a ring-opened epoxy group (--CHOH--CH 2 --).
- ** in formula (8) indicates a bond that bonds with the partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent, and means that the partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent is cross-linked.
- Ar represents an arylene group
- * in R 6 and R 8 represents a bond that binds to Z 1 or Z 2 above.
- Arylene groups represented by R 6 , R 8 and Ar include phenylene group, naphthylene group, phenanthrenylene group and the like.
- R 9 to R 12 each independently represent an alkanediyl group or a group having an ether bond between carbon atoms of an alkanediyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkanediyl groups represented by R 6 , R 8 , R 9 to R 12 is preferably 1-12, more preferably 1-6, and particularly preferably 1-3.
- the alkanediyl group may be linear or branched.
- alkanediyl group examples include methane-1,1-diyl group, ethane-1,1-diyl group, ethane-1,2-diyl group, propane-1,1-diyl group, propane-1,2 -diyl group, propane-1,3-diyl group, propane-2,2-diyl group, butane-1,1-diyl group, butane-1,2-diyl group, butane-1,3-diyl group, butane -1,4-diyl group, pentane-1,1-diyl group, pentane-1,2-diyl group, pentane-1,3-diyl group, pentane-1,4-diyl group, pentane-1,5- Diyl group, hexane-1,1-diyl group, hexane-1,2-diyl group, hexane-1,3-di
- the alkanediyl groups represented by R a , R b and R c may be linear or branched.
- p is preferably an integer of 0 to 20, more preferably an integer of 0 to 10, still more preferably an integer of 0 to 5, and particularly preferably 0.
- p R b may be the same or different.
- a preferred specific example of the group having an ether bond between carbon atoms of the alkanediyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms is a C 1-4 alkanediyloxy C 1-4 alkanediyl group.
- the alkanediyl group represented by R 6 , R 8 , R 9 to R 12 and the group having an ether bond between the carbon atoms of the alkanediyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms may have a substituent. good. Examples of the substituent include a hydroxy group and the like.
- R 15 in formula (7) represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- R 16 represents a ligand.
- Ligands represented by R 16 include those listed in step 1c.
- the divalent linking group represented by R 15 may be any one capable of linking the residue of the functional group capable of immobilizing the ligand and the ligand.
- Examples of the divalent linking group represented by R 15 include, for example, a partial structure derived from a cross-linking agent (specifically, the cross-linking agent mentioned in step 1b), a partial structure derived from diglycidyl ethers, and a hetero group other than an oxygen atom. Examples include those composed of one or more selected from atom-containing partial structures.
- diglycidyl ethers examples include 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, and the like.
- the divalent linking group represented by R 15 includes a divalent linking group derived from diglycidyl ethers, a partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent (preferably adipic acid dihydrazide) mentioned in step 1b and a diglycidyl ether-derived
- a divalent linking group composed of a partial structure and a divalent linking group composed of a partial structure derived from thioglycerol and a partial structure derived from diglycidyl ethers are preferred.
- the above functional group-containing monomer is preferable.
- the polymer may have structural units other than the structural units (A) and (B).
- Monomers from which such structural units are derived include the other monomers listed in step 1a.
- the content of the polymer in the porous particles (excluding ligands) is preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 99% by mass. It is more than mass % and below 100 mass %.
- the content of the partial structure derived from the cross-linking agent in the polymer is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 10% by mass. It is more than 35 mass % or less.
- Examples of the dispersion medium for dispersing the chromatography carrier of the present invention include various buffers, water, alcohols, and the like. Moreover, you may add a preservative etc. to this dispersion medium.
- the content of the carrier for chromatography is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 15% by mass, when the total of the carrier for chromatography and the dispersion medium is 100% by mass. % by mass or less.
- the column obtained by the method for producing the chromatography column of the present invention and the chromatographic carrier of the present invention are useful for affinity chromatography.
- the chromatographic carrier and chromatography column obtained by the present invention and the chromatographic carrier of the present invention can be used for purification of target substances. Purification of the target substance may be performed according to a conventional method.
- target substances include antigens; antibodies such as monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal antibodies; cells (normal cells; cancer cells such as colon cancer cells and cancer cells circulating in the blood); nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA; Bio-related substances such as peptides, amino acids, sugars, polysaccharides, lipids, and vitamins can be mentioned, and low-molecular-weight compounds such as drugs and biotin that serve as drug discovery targets can also be used.
- Example 1 (1) 2.69 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA-217 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was added to 448 g of pure water, heated and stirred to dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol, and an aqueous solution S was prepared.
- PVA-217 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- a monomer consisting of 3.63 g of divinylbenzene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.36 g of 1-ethyl-4-vinylbenzene (manufactured by ChemSampCo) and 14.15 g of glycidyl methacrylate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- the composition was dissolved in 29.38 g of 2-octanone (manufactured by Toyo Gosei Co., Ltd.) to prepare a monomer solution.
- the entire aqueous solution S was put into a separable flask, equipped with a thermometer, a stirring blade and a cooling tube, set in a warm water bath, and stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the entire amount of the monomer solution was put into a separable flask and heated with a warm water bath.
- 2,2'-azobis(methyl isobutyrate) manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- 1.34 g was added and the internal temperature was brought to 86°C.
- the mixture was stirred for 3 hours while maintaining the temperature at 86°C.
- the reaction liquid was filtered and washed with pure water and ethanol.
- porous particles 1 The porous particles contained in this dispersion are referred to as "porous particles 1".
- 0.956 g of dihydrazide adipic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 1.418 g of diisopropylethylamine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were added to 100 g of the porous particle 1 dispersion, and heated to 70°C. While maintaining the temperature, the mixture was stirred for 8 hours.
- porous particles 2 The porous particles contained in this dispersion are referred to as "porous particles 2".
- the volume average particle diameter of the porous particles 2 was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1, the value was 53 ⁇ m.
- the porous particles 2 are put into a Sato type vibrating sieve machine (400DB-2S manufactured by Koei Sangyo Co., Ltd.) equipped with a wire mesh with an opening of 77 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.).
- porous particles 3 The porous particles contained in this dispersion are referred to as "porous particles 3".
- the generated Protein A-immobilized particles are dispersed in 40 mL of 1.0 M ⁇ -thioglycerol (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)/0.1 M sodium sulfate (pH 8.3), and shaken and stirred at 25° C. for 17 hours.
- unreacted epoxy groups were ring-opened.
- the resulting protein A-immobilized particles with ring-opened unreacted epoxy groups were mixed with 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.6), 0.1 M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer (pH 3 .2) to obtain a packing material-containing liquid for affinity chromatography.
- the filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W1".
- Example 2 Same as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that in step (4) of Example 1, the wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 34 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.). Operation was performed to obtain a porous particle dispersion. Subsequently, by performing the same step as the step (5) of Example 1, a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W2".
- Example 3 Same as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that in step (4) of Example 1, the wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 38 ⁇ m (manufactured by Asada Mesh Co., Ltd.). Operation was performed to obtain a porous particle dispersion. Subsequently, by performing the same step as the step (5) of Example 1, a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W3".
- Example 4 Same as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that in step (4) of Example 1, the wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 43 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.). Operation was performed to obtain a porous particle dispersion. Subsequently, by performing the same step as the step (5) of Example 1, a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W4".
- Example 5 Same as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that in step (4) of Example 1, the wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 45 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.). Operation was performed to obtain a porous particle dispersion. Subsequently, by performing the same step as the step (5) of Example 1, a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W5".
- Example 6 Same as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that in step (4) of Example 1, the wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 54 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.). Operation was performed to obtain a porous particle dispersion. Subsequently, by performing the same step as the step (5) of Example 1, a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W6".
- Example 7 Mabselect SuRe (manufactured by Cytiva, volume average particle size: 92 ⁇ m), which is an agarose-based carrier, is put into the Sato vibrating sieve machine equipped with a wire mesh (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Netting Co., Ltd.) with an opening of 104 ⁇ m, and the portion passing through the sieve is filtered. recovered. Next, it is put into the above-mentioned Sato vibrating sieve machine equipped with a wire mesh (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.) with an opening of 62 ⁇ m, and the residue on the sieve (particles remaining on the sieve after wet classification) is recovered with pure water. , to obtain a packing material-containing liquid for affinity chromatography. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized support W7".
- Example 8 A filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the wire mesh with an opening of 104 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 115 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.).
- the filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W8".
- Example 9 Mabselect SuRe (manufactured by Cytiva, volume average particle size: 92 ⁇ m), which is an agarose-based carrier, was put into the Sato vibrating sieve machine equipped with a wire mesh (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Netting Co., Ltd.) with an opening of 54 ⁇ m, and the residue on the sieve was removed. The fraction (particles remaining on the sieve after wet classification) was recovered with pure water to obtain a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography. The filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W9".
- Example 10 A filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the wire mesh with an opening of 54 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 62 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Net Co., Ltd.).
- the filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier W10".
- step (4) of Example 1 the wire mesh with an opening of 77 ⁇ m was changed to a wire mesh with an opening of 62 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Netting Co., Ltd.), and then a wire mesh with an opening of 32 ⁇ m (manufactured by Taiyo Wire Netting Co., Ltd.) was attached.
- a porous particle dispersion was obtained by performing the same operations as steps (1) to (4) of Example 1, except that the classification operation using the Sato vibrating sieve machine was omitted.
- a filler-containing liquid for affinity chromatography was obtained.
- the filler contained in this liquid is referred to as "ligand-immobilized carrier Y3".
- Test Example 1 Measurement of particle size and particle size distribution
- the volume average particle diameters of the carriers W1 to W10 and Y1 to Y3 obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured according to ISO13320:2009 using a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution analyzer (MT3000II manufactured by MicrotracBEL).
- the concentration of the carrier in the measurement sample is adjusted so that the transmittance is 0.1%, the refractive index of the solvent (water) is 1.333, the refractive index of the particles (carrier) is 1.50, set respectively.
- Table 1 shows the measured values of the volume average particle diameter measured by a laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution analyzer.
- the values of d1, d5 and d50 according to the volume-based particle size distribution were determined according to ISO 13319:2007 using Multisizer 4e manufactured by Beckman Coulter. was measured using In addition, since the particle diameter is estimated to be small in the measurement of porous particles using this device, the shape factor is such that the volume average particle diameter measured with this device is the value of the volume average particle diameter measured according to ISO13320:2009. was used to calculate d1, d5 and d50. Table 1 shows the measured values of d1, d5 and d50.
- the volume-based particle size distribution of carrier W1 (Example 1) is shown in FIG.
- Example 3 the volume-based particle size distribution of carrier W3 (Example 3) is shown in FIG. 2, and the volume-based particle size distribution of carrier W5 (Example 5) is shown in FIG. 3, respectively.
- the particle size according to ISO13319 an aperture of 200 ⁇ m was used, and ISOTON II manufactured by Beckman Coulter was used as the electrolytic solution. The measurement conditions were 30000 total number of particles, 400 particle size bins, current value of 1600 ⁇ A, and gain of 2.
- d1, d5 and d50 mean the following particle sizes respectively.
- d1 Particle diameter equivalent to 1% cumulative volume from the small particle size side based on the volume-based particle size distribution
- d5 Particle size equivalent to 5% cumulative volume from the small particle size side based on the volume-based particle size distribution
- d50 Particle diameter corresponding to 50% of the cumulative volume from the small particle diameter side based on the volume-based particle diameter distribution
- CV value (%) ⁇ (standard deviation of volume-based particle size distribution) / (volume average particle size) ⁇ x 100
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Abstract
Description
<1> 以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子又はリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子である、クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法(以下、本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法とも称する)。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程
<3> 以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子である、クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程
<4> (工程3)工程2でふるい分級された多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定する工程をさらに備える、<3>に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
<6> 工程2のふるい分級が湿式法である、<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
<7> 前記変動係数が5%以上20%以下であり、且つ前記歪度が0.01以上3以下である、<1>~<6>のいずれかに記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
<8> 工程1が、水系媒体中にモノマー組成物を分散させ懸濁重合させる工程を含む、<1>~<7>のいずれかに記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
<11> 前記担体の体積基準累積50%粒子径d50が55μm以上100μm以下である、<10>に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体。
<12> 前記担体の体積基準累積1%粒子径d1が30μm以上75μm以下である、<10>又は<11>に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体。
本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法は、以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子又はリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子であることを特徴とする。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程
工程1は、固相支持体を用意する工程である。また、工程1で用意する固相支持体は、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子又はリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子である。
多孔質粒子としては、重合体を含む多孔質粒子が好ましい。このような多孔質粒子としては、アガロース、デキストラン、セルロース等の多糖類で構成される天然高分子系多孔質粒子でも合成高分子系多孔質粒子でもよいが、動的結合容量を大きくするためや粒子径の均一性を改善させ、ふるい分級処理を簡便化するために、好ましくは合成高分子系多孔質粒子である。また、多孔質粒子は、好ましくは水不溶性である。
固相支持体は常法に従って製造すればよいが、工程1としては、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子を調製する工程(以下、工程1aともいう)を含む工程が好ましい。
-工程1a-
工程1aとしては、所望の粒子径の合成高分子系多孔質粒子を調製しやすくするために、水系媒体中にモノマー組成物を分散させ懸濁重合させる工程が好ましい。工程1aで用いるモノマー組成物としては、官能基含有モノマーを含有するものが好ましい。このモノマーが含有する官能基は、追加の化学反応(架橋剤との反応等)に利用できるものが好ましく、リガンドを固定可能なものであってもよい。官能基としては、例えば、環状エーテル基、カルボキシ基、-C(=O)-O-C(=O)-、コハク酸イミドオキシカルボニル基、ホルミル基、水酸基、及びイソシアネート基からなる群より選ばれる官能基が挙げられる。これらの中では、環状エーテル基が好ましい。
ここで、「環状エーテル基」としては、環を構成する原子数が3~7個の環状エーテル基が好ましい。環状エーテル基は、置換基としてアルキル基を有していてもよい。環状エーテル基の具体例としては、以下の式(1)~(6)で表される環状エーテル基が挙げられるが、式(1)、(3)又は(6)で表される環状エーテル基が好ましく、式(1)で表される環状エーテル基がより好ましい。
これらモノマーの中では、環状エーテル基を有する(メタ)アクリレート系モノマーが好ましく、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートが特に好ましい。
他のモノマーとしては、リガンドを固定可能な官能基をもたない重合性不飽和基含有モノマーが挙げられる。他のモノマーは、非架橋性モノマー、架橋性モノマーに大別され、これらのうち一方を用いても併用してもよい。なお、本発明によれば、ヒドロキシ基等の親水性基を含まないモノマーを他のモノマーとして用いた場合であっても、防汚性を満足させることができ、広範なモノマー組成に適用可能である。
また、上記(メタ)アクリロニトリル系非架橋性モノマーとしては、例えば、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。
また、上記N-ビニルアミド系非架橋性モノマーとしては、例えば、N-ビニルアセトアミド、N-ビニルプロピオンアミド等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用できる。
さらに、架橋性モノマーとしては、上記例示したものの他に、ジアミノプロパノール、トリスヒドロキシメチルアミノメタン、グルコサミン等のアミノアルコールと(メタ)アクリル酸との脱水縮合反応物や、ブタジエン、イソプレン等の共役ジオレフィン等を挙げることができる。
水系媒体の合計使用量は、通常、モノマー総量100質量部に対して200質量部以上7000質量部以下程度である。
また、水系媒体の分散媒として水を用いる場合、例えば、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸ナトリウム、燐酸カルシウム、塩化ナトリウム等の分散安定剤を使用してもよい。
上記多孔化剤の合計使用量は、通常、モノマー総量100質量部に対して20質量部以上1000質量部以下程度である。
本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法としては、工程1aで得られたリガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子と、架橋剤とを接触させる工程(以下、工程1bともいう)をさらに含むものが好ましい。工程1aでモノマー組成物として官能基含有モノマーを含有するものを用いた場合、工程1bによって、多孔質粒子が重合体分子内に有する官能基の一部に架橋剤が付加反応され、当該架橋剤由来の部分構造が導入される。これにより、上記官能基の残基同士が架橋剤由来の部分構造を介して架橋される。
なお、工程1a後に工程1bを行わずに、工程2のふるい分級後の固相支持体と架橋剤とを接触させる工程を設けてもよい。このような工程を備える製造方法には、例えば、後述の工程2aと工程2bとの間に固相支持体と架橋剤とを接触させる態様(具体的には、工程2a、架橋工程、工程2bの順で行う態様、工程2b、架橋工程、工程2aの順で行う態様)、工程2a及び2bの後に固相支持体と架橋剤とを接触させる態様(具体的には、工程2a、工程2b、架橋工程の順で行う態様、工程2b、工程2a、架橋工程の順で行う態様)が包含される。これらの中では、工程2aと工程2bとの間に固相支持体と架橋剤とを接触させる態様が好ましい。
工程1aで得られた多孔質粒子がカルボキシ基、-C(=O)-O-C(=O)-、コハク酸イミドオキシカルボニル基、ホルミル基又はイソシアネート基を有する場合には、具体的には、架橋性基として-C(=O)-NH-NH2で示される基を分子内に少なくとも2個含む架橋剤等を使用することができる。
固相支持体として、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子を用意する場合には、本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法としては、工程1a又は工程1bで得られた多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定する工程(以下、工程1cともいう)をさらに含むものが好ましい。工程1aでモノマー組成物として官能基含有モノマーを含有するものを用いた場合、工程1cによって、多孔質粒子が重合体分子内に有する官能基にリガンドが結合する。
上記リガンドは、標的物質と結合する分子または多孔質粒子表面の官能基を介して導入できるイオン交換基であればよいが、例えば、スルホ基、ホスホン基等の陽イオン交換基;アミノ基、四級アンモニウム基等の陰イオン交換基;プロテインA、プロテインG、アビジン等のタンパク質;インシュリン等のペプチド;DNA、RNA等の核酸;酵素;イミノジ酢酸等のキレート化合物;抗体;抗原;ホルモン;ヘパリン、ルイスX、ガングリオシド等の糖質;レセプター;アプタマー;ビオチンやその誘導体等のビタミン類;金属イオン;合成色素の他、2-アミノフェニルホウ素酸、4-アミノベンズアミジン、グルタチオンのような低分子化合物等が挙げられる。なお、上記に例示したリガンドはその全体を用いてもよいが、リコンビナント、酵素処理等によって得られるそのフラグメントを用いてもよい。また、人工的に合成されたペプチドやペプチド誘導体であってもよい。
上記リガンドの中でも、タンパク質、ペプチド、核酸、酵素、キレート化合物が好ましく、タンパク質、ペプチドがより好ましく、タンパク質が特に好ましい。特に、抗体を標的物質とする抗体アフィニティリガンドの中では、イムノグロブリン結合性タンパク質が好ましい。
また、リガンドの配向性を制御する方法(米国特許第6,399,750号、LjungquistC.他著,rEur.J.Biochem.」,1989年,186巻,557-561頁)や、リンカー(スペーサー)を介してリガンドを多孔質粒子に固定する方法(米国特許第5,260,373号、特開2010-133733号公報、特開2010-133734号公報)、会合性基によりリガンドを多孔質粒子上に集積させる方法(特開2011-256176号公報)等を利用して固定してもよい。
なお、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子を、メタンチオール、チオグリセロール等のチオール化合物と接触させ、未反応の官能基を開環等させてもよい。この処理は、国際公開第2015/119255号パンフレット等の記載を参考にして行えばよい。
工程1で用意した固相支持体の体積平均粒子径は、ISO13320:2009に準拠して測定できる。
工程2は、工程1で用意した固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程である。
工程2のふるい分級は、多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定した後に測定したときの体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つ多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定した後に測定したときの体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように行えばよい。また、多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定した後に測定したときの上記変動係数及び歪度が上記範囲になる限り、リガンド固定前及びリガンド固定後のどちらにふるい分級を行ってもよく、またこれらの両方にふるい分級を行ってもよい。なお、多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定した後に測定したときの変動係数や歪度が上記範囲になるように、遠心分離法や沈降分離法等の分級方法を併用してもよい。
上記体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数は、担体の生産性を向上させるために、好ましくは5%以上、より好ましくは6%以上、更に好ましくは8%以上、特に好ましくは10%以上であり、また、通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性を改善させるために、好ましくは20%以下、より好ましくは18%以下、更に好ましくは17%以下、特に好ましくは16%以下である。具体的な範囲としては、5%以上20%以下が好ましく、6%以上20%以下がより好ましく、8%以上18%以下が更に好ましく、8%以上17%以下が更に好ましく、10%以上16%以下が特に好ましい。
体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数を18%以下又は17%以下とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
上記体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数は、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子についてISO13319:2007に準拠して測定した体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数であり、具体的には、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定することができる。
上記体積基準粒子径分布の歪度は、通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性を改善させるために、好ましくは-0.01以上、より好ましくは0.01以上、更に好ましくは0.1以上、更に好ましくは0.3以上、特に好ましくは0.4以上であり、また、動的結合容量を大きくするために、好ましくは4以下、より好ましくは3以下、特に好ましくは2以下である。具体的な範囲としては、-0.01以上4以下が好ましく、0.01以上3以下がより好ましく、0.1以上3以下が更に好ましく、0.3以上2以下が更に好ましく、0.4以上2以下が特に好ましい。
体積基準粒子径分布の歪度を0.1以上又は0.3以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
上記体積基準粒子径分布の歪度は、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子についてISO13319:2007に準拠して測定した体積基準粒子径分布の歪度であり、具体的には、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定することができる。
上記体積平均粒子径は、ISO13320:2009に従ってレーザ回折散乱法で測定した体積平均粒子径をいう。
体積基準累積1%粒子径d1を35μm以上又は40μm以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
体積基準累積5%粒子径d5を40μm以上又は45μm以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
体積基準累積1%粒子径d1を体積基準累積50%粒子径d50で除した値〔d1/d50〕を0.63以上又は0.70以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
体積基準累積5%粒子径d5を体積基準累積50%粒子径d50で除した値〔d5/d50〕を0.70以上又は0.80以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
また、工程2のふるい分級としては、(工程2a)ふるい分級前の固相支持体の体積平均粒子径(2a-d)を100%としたときに、目開きが(2a-d)の10%以上200%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい上残分を回収する工程と、(工程2b)目開きが工程2aのふるいよりも大きく且つ(2a-d)の600%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい通過分を回収する工程とを、この順で又は逆の順で行う分級操作が好ましい。
工程2aで用いるふるいの目開きとしては、(2a-d)を100%としたときに、好ましくは30%以上150%以下、より好ましくは50%以上120%以下、更に好ましくは60%以上105%以下、更に好ましくは62%以上90%以下、特に好ましくは68%以上90%以下である。
(2a-d)を100%としたときの工程2aで用いるふるいの目開きを62%以上又は68%以上とした場合に、クロマトグラフィー用担体の通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性が特に改善される。
また、工程2bで用いるふるいの目開きは、通液性及び通液時の圧力抵抗特性を改善させるために、好ましくは300μm未満、より好ましくは250μm以下、更に好ましくは200μm以下、更に好ましくは150μm以下、特に好ましくは100μm以下である。
ふるい分級A (工程2a)工程1で用意した固相支持体を、ふるい分級前の固相支持体の体積平均粒子径(2a-d)を100%としたときに、目開きが(2a-d)の10%以上200%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい上残分を回収し、(工程2b)工程2aで回収したふるい上残分を、目開きが工程2aのふるいよりも大きく且つ(2a-d)の600%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい通過分を回収する態様
ふるい分級B (工程2b)工程1で用意した固相支持体を、目開きが工程2aのふるいよりも大きく且つ(2a-d)の600%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい通過分を回収し、(工程2a)工程2bで回収したふるい通過分を、ふるい分級前の固相支持体の体積平均粒子径(2a-d)を100%としたときに、目開きが(2a-d)の10%以上200%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい上残分を回収する態様
工程1において、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子を固相支持体として用意した場合には、本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法としては、工程2でふるい分級された多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定する工程(以下、工程3ともいう)をさらに含むものが好ましい。このようにして工程2の後に工程3を設けることによって、動的結合容量が大きくなり、また担体の生産性を向上させることができる。工程1aでモノマー組成物として官能基含有モノマーを含有するものを用いた場合、工程3によって、多孔質粒子が重合体分子内に有する官能基にリガンドが結合する。工程3は、工程1cと同様にして行うことができる。
また、このようにして得られるクロマトグラフィー用担体は、親水性が高く優れた防汚性を有し、リガンドを固定した場合の標的物質に対する動的結合容量が大きい。また、アフィニティクロマトグラフィーへの使用に適する。
本発明のクロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法は、担体をカラム容器に充填する工程を備え、前記担体が、多孔質粒子にリガンドが固定されたものであり、前記担体の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下であり、且つ体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下であることを特徴とする。
本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体は、分散媒に分散しているクロマトグラフィー用担体であって、前記担体が、多孔質粒子にリガンドが固定されたものであり、前記担体の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下であり、且つ体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下であることを特徴とする。
本発明のクロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法は、多孔質粒子にリガンドが固定されたものであり、体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下であり、且つ体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下である担体を用いること以外は、常法と同様にして行えばよい。
本発明のクロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法で用いる担体、本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体は、本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法で得られるクロマトグラフィー用担体のうち、リガンドが固定されたものと同様である。上記担体及び本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数、体積基準粒子径分布の歪度、体積平均粒子径、体積基準累積1%粒子径d1、体積基準累積5%粒子径d5、体積基準累積50%粒子径d50、〔d1/d50〕、〔d5/d50〕は、工程2で上記調整された範囲が好ましい。
なお、上記比表面積及び体積平均細孔径は、ガス吸着法、水銀ポロシメーター法等により測定できる。
R5は、水素原子又はメチル基を示し、
R6は、単結合又は2価の連結基を示し、
Z1は、リガンドを固定可能な官能基の残基を示し、
Xは、-R15-R16を示す(R15は、単結合又は2価の連結基を示し、R16は、リガンドを示す)。〕
R7は、水素原子又はメチル基を示し、
R8は、単結合又は2価の連結基を示し、
Z2は、リガンドを固定可能な官能基の残基を示し、
**は、架橋剤(具体的には工程1bで挙げた架橋剤)由来の部分構造と結合する結合手を示す。〕
また、式(8)中の**は、架橋剤由来の部分構造と結合する結合手を示し、架橋剤由来の部分構造で架橋されていることを意味する。
また、R9~R12は、それぞれ独立して、アルカンジイル基、又は炭素数2以上のアルカンジイル基の炭素-炭素原子間にエーテル結合を有する基を示す。
Ra、Rb及びRcで示されるアルカンジイル基は直鎖状でも分岐鎖状でもよい。具体的には、メタン-1,1-ジイル基、エタン-1,1-ジイル基、エタン-1,2-ジイル基、プロパン-1,1-ジイル基、プロパン-1,2-ジイル基、プロパン-1,3-ジイル基、プロパン-2,2-ジイル基、ブタン-1,1-ジイル基、ブタン-1,2-ジイル基、ブタン-1,3-ジイル基、ブタン-1,4-ジイル基が挙げられる。pとしては、0~20の整数が好ましく、0~10の整数がより好ましく、0~5の整数が更に好ましく、0が特に好ましい。なお、pが2~30の整数の場合、p個のRbは同一であっても異なっていてもよい。炭素数2以上のアルカンジイル基の炭素-炭素原子間にエーテル結合を有する基の好適な具体例としては、C1-4アルカンジイルオキシC1-4アルカンジイル基が挙げられる。
なお、R6、R8、R9~R12で示されるアルカンジイル基、炭素数2以上のアルカンジイル基の炭素-炭素原子間にエーテル結合を有する基は、置換基を有していてもよい。当該置換基としては、例えば、ヒドロキシ基等が挙げられる。
R15で示される2価の連結基は、リガンドを固定可能な官能基の残基とリガンドとを連結できるものであればよい。
R15で示される2価の連結基としては、例えば、架橋剤(具体的には工程1bで挙げた架橋剤)由来の部分構造、ジグリシジルエーテル類由来の部分構造、及び酸素原子以外のヘテロ原子含有部分構造から選ばれる1種又は2種以上で構成されるものが挙げられる。
ジグリシジルエーテル類としては、1,4-ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ネオペンチルグリコールジグリシジルエーテル、グリセリンジグリシジルエーテル等が挙げられる。
酸素原子以外のヘテロ原子含有部分構造としては、チオグリセロール由来の部分構造が挙げられる。
R15で示される2価の連結基としては、ジグリシジルエーテル類由来の2価の連結基、工程1bで挙げた架橋剤(好ましくはアジピン酸ジヒドラジド)由来の部分構造とジグリシジルエーテル類由来の部分構造とから構成される2価の連結基、チオグリセロール由来の部分構造とジグリシジルエーテル類由来の部分構造とから構成される2価の連結基が好ましい。
また、重合体の含有量は、多孔質粒子(リガンドを除く)中、好ましくは90質量%以上100質量%以下であり、より好ましくは95質量%以上100質量%以下であり、特に好ましくは99質量%以上100質量%以下である。
架橋剤由来の部分構造の含有量は、重合体中、好ましくは0.5質量%以上50質量%以下であり、より好ましくは1質量%以上40質量%以下であり、特に好ましくは10質量%以上35質量%以下である。
クロマトグラフィー用担体の含有量は、クロマトグラフィー用担体と分散媒の合計を100質量%としたときに、好ましくは0.5質量%以上20質量%以下であり、より好ましくは1質量%以上15質量%以下である。
本発明で得られるクロマトグラフィー用担体及びクロマトグラフィーカラム並びに本発明のクロマトグラフィー用担体は、標的物質の精製に使用できる。標的物質の精製は常法に従い行えばよい。
標的物質としては、例えば、抗原;モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体等の抗体;細胞(正常細胞;大腸がん細胞、血中循環がん細胞等のがん細胞);DNA、RNA等の核酸;タンパク質、ペプチド、アミノ酸、糖、多糖、脂質、ビタミン等の生体関連物質が挙げられ、創薬ターゲットとなる薬物、ビオチン等の低分子化合物でもよい。
(1)448gの純水にポリビニルアルコール(クラレ社製PVA-217)2.69gを添加し、加熱撹拌してポリビニルアルコールを溶解させ、水溶液Sを調製した。一方、ジビニルベンゼン(和光純薬工業社製)3.63g、1-エチル-4-ビニルベンゼン(ChemSampCo社製)0.36g及びグリシジルメタクリレート(三菱ガス化学社製)14.15gからなる単量体組成物を、2-オクタノン(東洋合成社製)29.38gに溶解させ、単量体溶液を調製した。次いで、前記水溶液Sを、セパラブルフラスコ内に全量投入し、温度計、撹拌翼及び冷却管を装着して、温水バスにセットし、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌を開始した。セパラブルフラスコ内に前記単量体溶液を全量投入して、温水バスにより加温し内温が85℃に到達したところで2,2'-アゾビス(イソ酪酸メチル)(和光純薬工業社製)1.34gを添加し、内温を86℃にした。
(2)その後、86℃に温度を維持したまま、3時間撹拌を行った。次いで、反応液を冷却した後、斯かる反応液をろ過し、純水とエタノールで洗浄した。洗浄した粒子を純水に分散させてデカンテーションを3回行い、小粒子を除いた。次いで、粒子の濃度が10質量%となるように粒子を純水に分散させ、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。この分散体に含まれる多孔質粒子を、「多孔質粒子1」と称する。
(3)その後、多孔質粒子1分散体100gにアジピン酸ジヒドラジド(東京化成工業社製)0.956g及びジイソプロピルエチルアミン(東京化成工業社製)1.418gを加え、70℃まで加温し、70℃を維持したまま、8時間撹拌を行った。次いで、反応液を冷却した後、斯かる反応液をろ過し、純水とエタノールで洗浄した。次いで、粒子の濃度が10質量%となるように粒子を純水に分散させ、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。この分散体に含まれる多孔質粒子を、「多孔質粒子2」と称する。なお、多孔質粒子2について、試験例1と同様にして体積平均粒子径を測定したところ、その値は53μmであった。
(4)その後、多孔質粒子2を、目開き77μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)を装着した佐藤式振動ふるい機(晃栄産業社製 400DB-2S)に投入し、ふるい通過分(湿式分級後にふるいを通過した液)を回収した。次に、金網メッシュを目開き32μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変えた前記佐藤式振動ふるい機に、前記ふるい通過分を投入し、ふるい上残分(湿式分級後のふるい上に残った多孔質粒子)を純水で回収し、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。この分散体に含まれる多孔質粒子を、「多孔質粒子3」と称する。
(5)次いで、多孔質粒子3(粒子乾燥質量換算で1g相当)にエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル(東京化成工業株式会社製)0.069gを16時間反応させた。次いで、改変プロテインA(Repligen製 rSPA)0.15gを、1.2M 硫酸ナトリウム/0.1M リン酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH6.6)40mLに溶解させプロテインA溶解液を得て、このプロテインA溶解液に多孔質粒子3(粒子乾燥質量換算で1g相当)を添加した。この分散体を25℃で10時間振とう撹拌し、プロテインAを粒子に固定した。
次いで、生成したプロテインA固定粒子を、1.0M α-チオグリセロール(東京化成工業株式会社製)/0.1M 硫酸ナトリウム(pH8.3)40mLに分散させ、25℃で17時間振とう撹拌することで、未反応のエポキシ基を開環させた。さらに、得られた未反応のエポキシ基が開環したプロテインA固定粒子を、0.1M リン酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH6.6)、0.1M 水酸化ナトリウム水溶液、0.1Mクエン酸ナトリウムバッファー(pH3.2)で洗浄し、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W1」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き32μmの金網メッシュを目開き34μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W2」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き32μmの金網メッシュを目開き38μmの金網メッシュ(アサダメッシュ社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W3」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き32μmの金網メッシュを目開き43μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W4」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き32μmの金網メッシュを目開き45μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W5」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き32μmの金網メッシュを目開き54μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W6」と称する。
アガロースベースの担体であるMabselect SuRe(Cytiva社製、体積平均粒子径:92μm)を、目開き104μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)を装着した前記佐藤式振動ふるい機に投入し、ふるい通過分を回収した。次に、目開き62μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)を装着した前記佐藤式振動ふるい機に投入し、ふるい上残分(湿式分級後のふるい上に残った粒子)を純水で回収し、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W7」と称する。
目開き104μmの金網メッシュを目開き115μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例7と同様の操作を行い、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W8」と称する。
アガロースベースの担体であるMabselect SuRe(Cytiva社製、体積平均粒子径:92μm)を、目開き54μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)を装着した前記佐藤式振動ふるい機に投入し、ふるい上残分(湿式分級後のふるい上に残った粒子)を純水で回収し、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W9」と称する。
目開き54μmの金網メッシュを目開き62μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更した以外は、実施例9と同様の操作を行い、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体W10」と称する。
実施例1の工程(1)~(3)と同様の操作を行い、「多孔質粒子2」を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体Y1」と称する。
実施例1の工程(1)~(3)と同様の操作を行い、「多孔質粒子2」を得た。この多孔質粒子2の分散体を1Lのポリボトルに充填し、1時間静置させた後に上澄み液を除去した。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体Y2」と称する。
実施例1の工程(4)において、目開き77μmの金網メッシュを目開き62μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)に変更し、その後の目開き32μmの金網メッシュ(太陽金網社製)を装着した佐藤式振動ふるい機による分級操作を除いた以外は、実施例1の工程(1)~(4)と同様の操作を行い、多孔質粒子分散体を得た。
次いで、実施例1の工程(5)と同様の工程を実施することで、アフィニティクロマトグラフィー用充填剤含有液を得た。この液に含まれる充填剤を、「リガンド固定担体Y3」と称する。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた担体W1~W10、Y1~Y3について、体積平均粒子径を、ISO13320:2009に従って、レーザ回折散乱式粒度分布測定装置(MicrotracBEL社製 MT3000II)により測定した。なお、透過率が0.1%となるように測定試料中の担体の濃度調整を行い、溶媒(水)の屈折率は1.333に、粒子(担体)の屈折率は1.50に、それぞれ設定した。レーザ回折散乱式粒度分布測定装置により測定された体積平均粒子径の測定値を表1に示す。
ISO13319に準拠した粒子径の測定には、200μmのアパチャーを使用し、電解液としてBeckman Coulter社製ISOTON IIを用いた。測定条件は、総測定個数 30000個、粒径ビン数 400個、電流値 1600μA、ゲイン 2で行った。
d1 = 体積基準粒子径分布を基準とする小粒子径側から累積体積1%に相当する粒子径
d5 = 体積基準粒子径分布を基準とする小粒子径側から累積体積5%に相当する粒子径
d50 = 体積基準粒子径分布を基準とする小粒子径側から累積体積50%に相当する粒子径
xi = 測定した各粒子の粒子径
s = 粒子径の標準偏差
各実施例及び比較例で得られた担体W1~W10、Y1~Y3を、内径26mm、充填高さ200mmとなるように二連結したHiscale 26/20カラム(Cytiva社製)に充填し、このカラムをCytiva社製AKTA AVANT 150に接続した。次いで、線流速100cm/hrで純水の通液を30分間行った後、上部カラムは取り外し、アダプターを担体層に接着させることでカラムに担体をパッキングした。その後、0.25MPaの背圧が生じるまで線流速を調整し、その際の線流速を記録した。結果を表1に示す。線流速の値が大きいほど、通液性が良好といえる。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた担体W1~W10、Y1~Y3を、試験例2と同様にしてパッキングした後、線流速800cm/hrで純水を通液し、その際の背圧及び圧縮率(充填高さの変化率)について記録した。圧縮率に関しては、以下の式を用いて算出した。結果を表1に示す。背圧及び圧縮率の値が小さいほど、圧力抵抗特性が良好といえる。
GEヘルスケア社製AKTAprime plusを用いて、線流速300cm/hrにおけるタンパク質(ヒトIgG抗体、Equitech Bio社製 HGG-1000)に対する実施例及び比較例の担体W1~W10、Y2~Y3のDBCを測定した。カラム容器は容量4mL(5mmφ×200mm長)のものを、タンパク質は20mMリン酸ナトリウム/150mM塩化ナトリウム水溶液(pH7.5)にタンパク質を5mg/mL溶解したものをそれぞれ使用し、溶出先端10%ブレークスルーのときのタンパク質捕捉量とカラム充填体積からDBCを求めた。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (12)
- 以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子又はリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子である、クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程 - 以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子である、クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定された多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定された多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程 - 以下の工程1及び工程2を備え、工程1で用意する固相支持体が、リガンドが固定されていない多孔質粒子である、クロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。
(工程1)固相支持体を用意する工程
(工程2)前記固相支持体をふるい分級することにより、リガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下となり、且つリガンドが固定されたときの多孔質粒子の体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下となるように調整する工程 - (工程3)工程2でふるい分級された多孔質粒子にリガンドを固定する工程をさらに備える、
請求項3に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。 - 工程2のふるい分級として、(工程2a)ふるい分級前の固相支持体の体積平均粒子径(2a-d)を100%としたときに、目開きが(2a-d)の10%以上200%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい上残分を回収する工程と、(工程2b)目開きが工程2aのふるいよりも大きく且つ(2a-d)の600%未満のふるいにかけて、ふるい通過分を回収する工程とを、この順で又は逆の順で備える、
請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。 - 工程2のふるい分級が湿式法である、
請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。 - 前記変動係数が5%以上20%以下であり、且つ前記歪度が0.01以上3以下である、
請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。 - 工程1が、水系媒体中にモノマー組成物を分散させ懸濁重合させる工程を含む、
請求項1~請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体の製造方法。 - 担体をカラム容器に充填する工程を備え、
前記担体が、多孔質粒子にリガンドが固定されたものであり、前記担体の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下であり、且つ体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下である、
クロマトグラフィーカラムの製造方法。 - 分散媒に分散しているクロマトグラフィー用担体であって、
前記担体が、多孔質粒子にリガンドが固定されたものであり、前記担体の体積基準粒子径分布の変動係数が1%以上22%以下であり、且つ体積基準粒子径分布の歪度が-0.1以上5以下である、クロマトグラフィー用担体。 - 前記担体の体積基準累積50%粒子径d50が55μm以上100μm以下である、
請求項10に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体。 - 前記担体の体積基準累積1%粒子径d1が30μm以上75μm以下である、
請求項10又は請求項11に記載のクロマトグラフィー用担体。
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- 2022-03-15 JP JP2023509040A patent/JPWO2022202466A1/ja active Pending
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