WO2022199187A1 - 安全酸洗装备和方法 - Google Patents

安全酸洗装备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022199187A1
WO2022199187A1 PCT/CN2021/142810 CN2021142810W WO2022199187A1 WO 2022199187 A1 WO2022199187 A1 WO 2022199187A1 CN 2021142810 W CN2021142810 W CN 2021142810W WO 2022199187 A1 WO2022199187 A1 WO 2022199187A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
pickling
grabbing
protective cover
safe
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PCT/CN2021/142810
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余海军
吴金东
谢英豪
李长东
刘述敏
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普汽车循环有限公司
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Application filed by 广东邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普汽车循环有限公司 filed Critical 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
Priority to HU2200262A priority Critical patent/HUP2200262A1/hu
Publication of WO2022199187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022199187A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of pickling treatment equipment, in particular to a safe pickling equipment and method.
  • the number of power battery recycling in my country is increasing year by year, which also exposes the safety problems in the process of power battery recycling.
  • the positive electrode sheet is usually first removed.
  • the surface of the aluminum foil is corroded and oxidized by the method of pickling to reach the maximum value of positive electrode material recovery.
  • the pretreated aluminum slag is directly put into the pickling tank for stirring, so that the aluminum slag can fully react with acid water, and then the pickling of the aluminum slag is completed by water washing and dehydration. During the whole process, the flammable gases produced by the chemical reaction were not effectively collected.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the present invention proposes a safe pickling equipment and method, which can eliminate the pollution of the environment caused by the gas generated by the reaction and the risk of explosion, and realize the green environmental protection of the entire production process, safety, low consumption and no pollution.
  • the protective cover is connected with a gas purifier.
  • the protective cover is provided with a pickling tank, a water washing tank and a dehydration tank.
  • the acid cleaning tank, the water washing tank and the dehydration tank are all provided with rotating brackets.
  • the pickling tank The water washing tank is also provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the dewatering tank is provided with a drain;
  • the sieve bucket is used to load the material to be washed, and the cylindrical wall of the sieve bucket is in the shape of a screen;
  • the grabbing and conveying system includes a grabbing component, and the grabbing component can grab the sieve bucket and transmit it;
  • the drying device includes a feed pipe, and the feed pipe communicates with the protective cover.
  • the present invention solves the current situation of manual feeding, transfer and unloading, and the stations are compact and occupy a small space, which greatly reduces the transfer energy consumption between the stations, improves the production and processing efficiency, and reduces the Cost of production;
  • the present invention adopts the combination of the sieve bucket and the grabbing conveying system to carry out the pickling operation of the aluminum slag, so that the whole process has strong continuity and high efficiency;
  • the present invention is provided with a protective cover and a gas purifier, which eliminates the pollution of the environment and the risk of explosion caused by the gas generated by the reaction, and realizes the green environmental protection of the entire production process, which is safe, low-consumption, and pollution-free.
  • the present invention further includes a feeding mechanism, located below the protective cover, the feeding mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a lifting platform, the bottom of the protective cover is provided with holes, and the screen bucket can be used with any
  • the conveyor belt reaches the lift table and rises with the lift table until it passes through the hole and enters the protective cover.
  • the grasping and conveying system further includes a track truss
  • the grasping assembly includes a telescopic mechanism, a sliding block and a grasping hand sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the grasping assembly passes the sliding Blocks move along the track truss.
  • the gripper includes a fixed frame, a push rod, a fixed claw, and three or more movable claws, the moving claws are distributed along the circumference of the fixed frame, and the push rod is connected to the fixed frame.
  • Claw connection the fixed claw is located below the fixed frame, the fixed claw is provided with an inclined elongated hole, the movable claw is composed of a connecting rod segment and a grasping segment, the connecting rod segment and the The included angle of the grabbing section is an obtuse angle, the end of the grabbing section is hook-shaped, the end of the connecting rod section is hinged with the fixing frame, and the folded angle between the connecting rod section and the grabbing section is set.
  • the hinge shaft can slide in the elongated hole, the push rod pushes the fixed claw downward to make the movable claw rotate inward, and the top of the screen barrel is provided with a circular ring in the circumferential direction, The movable claw can hook the ring.
  • a circulating liquid tank is further included, and the water outlets of the pickling tank and the water washing tank are respectively connected with circulating water pipes, and the circulating water pipes are communicated with the circulating liquid tank.
  • the bottom of the sieve bucket is provided with a lower cover that can be opened and closed; the inner wall of the sieve bucket is provided with a protruding plate; the bottom of the sieve bucket is provided with a chamfer.
  • the inner bottom of the rotating bracket is provided with a groove
  • the outer bottom of the screen bucket is provided with a protruding blocking block
  • the rotating bracket is connected to the blocking block through the groove The cooperation drives the screen barrel to rotate.
  • the drying device further comprises a screw conveying mechanism, an air blowing chamber and a discharge pipe, and the feeding port of the screw conveying mechanism is connected to the lower end of the feeding pipe, and the blowing air
  • the cavity is connected with the discharge port of the screw conveying mechanism, the blast cavity is provided with a fan, the discharge pipe is connected with the lower end of the blast cavity, and the discharge pipe is provided with a heater.
  • the present invention also provides a safe pickling method, the safe pickling method uses the safe pickling equipment, and the safe pickling method comprises the following steps:
  • the sieve bucket is grabbed and transported multiple times by the grabbing and conveying system, and the sieve bucket passes through the pickling tank, the water washing tank and the dehydration tank in turn, and the processes of pickling, water washing and dehydration are carried out respectively. ;
  • the grabbing and conveying system pours the dehydrated material into the drying device for drying.
  • the acid washing, water washing and dehydration processes in step S2 are all completed under the negative pressure state generated by the gas purifier.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of pickling tank, water washing tank and dewatering tank of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the sieve bucket of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a grasping assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating bracket of the present invention.
  • protective cover 100 gas purifier 200, pickling tank 300, water washing tank 400, dehydration tank 500, water outlet 510, rotating bracket 600, groove 610, baffle 620, water inlet 700, water outlet 800 , screen barrel 900, ring 910, lower cover 920, dial 930, chamfer 940, block 950, grab assembly 1010, telescopic mechanism 1011, slider 1012, track truss 1020, gripper 1030, fixing frame 1031, Push rod 1032, fixed claw 1033, movable claw 1034, connecting rod segment 1035, grabbing segment 1036, hinge shaft 1037, elongated hole 1038, drying device 1100, feeding pipe 1110, screw conveying mechanism 1120, blast chamber 1130 , fan 1131, discharge pipe 1140, heater 1150, feeding mechanism 1200, conveyor belt 1210, lifting platform 1220, circulating liquid tank 1300, circulating water pipe 1400, storage tank 1500.
  • a safe pickling equipment for aluminum slag including:
  • the protective cover 100 is connected with the gas purifier 200.
  • the protective cover 100 is provided with a pickling tank 300, a water washing tank 400 and a dehydration tank 500, and a rotating bracket 600 is arranged in the acid cleaning tank 300, the water washing tank 400 and the dehydration tank 500.
  • the rotating bracket 600 is driven by a motor below
  • the pickling tank 300 and the water washing tank 400 are also provided with a water inlet 700 and a water outlet 800
  • the dehydration tank 500 is provided with a water outlet 510;
  • the sieve bucket 900 is used to load the aluminum slag to be washed, and the cylinder wall of the sieve bucket 900 is in the shape of a screen;
  • the grabbing and conveying system is set in the protective cover 100, and the grabbing and conveying system includes a grabbing assembly 1010, and the grabbing assembly 1010 can grab the sieve bucket 900 and transport it to the target position;
  • the drying device 1100 includes a feed pipe 1110 , and the feed pipe 1110 communicates with the protective cover 100 .
  • the sieve bucket 900 is grabbed and transported multiple times by the grabbing and conveying system.
  • the sieve bucket 900 passes through the pickling tank 300, the water washing tank 400 and the dehydration tank 500 in turn, and the processes of pickling, water washing and dehydration are carried out respectively.
  • the working process of the washing tank 400 and the dehydration tank 500 is the same as that of the pickling tank 300, except that the liquid washed by the dehydration tank 500 has The difference is that the dehydration tank 500 is not immersed in the liquid during the working process.
  • the screen barrel 900 rotates rapidly to realize the dehydration of the aluminum slag;
  • the grab conveying system pours the dehydrated aluminum slag into the drying device 1100 for drying, and the aluminum slag is finally collected in the storage tank 1500;
  • the above processes are all completed under the negative pressure state generated by the gas purifier 200 . Since the pickling tank 300 and the water washing tank 400 of the aluminum slag are all set in the protective cover 100 , the gas generated in the pickling reaction process and the water washing process can be purified by the gas purifier 200 .
  • a feeding mechanism 1200 is further included, located below the protective cover 100 , the feeding mechanism 1200 includes a conveyor belt 1210 and a lifting platform 1220 , the bottom of the protective cover 100 is provided with holes, and the screen bucket 900 can follow the conveyor belt 1210
  • the feeding mechanism 1200 can solve the problem of slow manual feeding efficiency after reaching the lifting platform 1220 and rising with the lifting platform 1220 until it passes through the hole and enters the protective cover 100 .
  • the grasping and conveying system further includes a track truss 1020
  • the grasping assembly 1010 includes a telescopic mechanism 1011 , a slider 1012 and a grasper 1030 connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the grasping assembly 1010
  • the slider 1012 moves along the track truss 1020 .
  • the slider 1012 provides the basic support for the entire grabbing assembly 1010 to move on the track truss 1020
  • the telescopic mechanism 1011 provides the power to lift and lower the grabber 1030
  • the grabber 1030 completes the picking and placing of the screen bucket 900 .
  • the gripper 1030 includes a fixed frame 1031 , a push rod 1032 , a fixed claw 1033 and more than three movable claws 1034 .
  • the fixed claw 1033 is located below the fixed frame 1031
  • the fixed claw 1033 is provided with an oblique elongated hole 1038
  • the movable claw 1034 is composed of a link segment 1035 and a grasping segment 1036
  • the link segment 1035 and the grasping segment 1036 The included angle is an obtuse angle
  • the end of the grabbing section 1036 is hook-shaped
  • the end of the link section 1035 is hinged with the fixing frame 1031
  • a hinge shaft 1037 is provided at the folded angle between the link section 1035 and the grabbing section 1036, and the hinge shaft 1037 can be Sliding in the elongated hole 1038
  • the push rod 1032 pushes the fixed claw 1033 downward to make the movable claw 1034 rotate inward.
  • the gripper 1030 is placed under the gripper 1030 through the telescopic mechanism 1011.
  • the push rod 1032 is driven to move downward, and then the fixed claw 1033 is pushed downward.
  • the claw 1034 rotates toward the center of the gripper 1030. Since the grasping section 1036 of the movable claw 1034 is hook-shaped, even if it is rotated a little, it is enough to hook the ring 910 of the screen barrel 900, and then the telescopic mechanism 1011 is pulled up. The extraction of the sieve bucket 900 is completed.
  • the gripper 1030 is first lowered to the designated position, the push rod 1032 moves upward, pulls the fixed claw 1033 upward, and the movable claw 1034 rotates in the opposite direction and disengages Ring 910, release sieve bucket 900.
  • This structure is the structural cooperation of the gripper 1030 and the sieve bucket 900, and only a small driving force is needed to realize the pick and place of the sieve bucket 900, and the clamping is firm, and the sieve bucket 900 is not easy to fall off.
  • a circulating liquid tank 1300 is further included.
  • the water outlets 800 of the pickling tank 300 and the water washing tank 400 are respectively connected with a circulating water pipe 1400 , and the circulating water pipe 1400 communicates with the circulating liquid tank 1300 .
  • the washing liquid in the pickling tank 300 and the washing tank 400 is discharged into the circulating liquid tank 1300 from the respective water outlet 800 through the circulating water pipe 1400 after multiple washings, and the liquid flows into the pickling tank through the water inlet 700 after the circulation treatment. 300 and washing tank 400.
  • the bottom of the sieve bucket 900 is provided with a lower cover 920 that can be opened and closed.
  • the unloading can be completed by opening the lower cover 920;
  • the inner wall of the 900 is provided with a protruding dial 930.
  • the dial 930 can improve the stirring efficiency and fully react; It slides nicely into the swivel tray.
  • the inner bottom of the rotating bracket 600 is provided with a groove 610
  • the outer bottom of the screen barrel 900 is provided with a protruding blocking block 950
  • the rotating bracket 600 is driven by the cooperation between the groove 610 and the blocking block 950 .
  • the sieve bucket 900 rotates.
  • the groove at the bottom of the rotating bracket 600 is divided into two semi-circular grooves divided by two baffles 620 arranged horizontally in the circular groove.
  • the number of baffles 620 is not limited to Two, the function of the baffle 620 is to divide the circular groove into several ring grooves. As long as the clamping block 950 is inserted into the annular groove, when the rotating bracket 600 rotates, the baffle 620 will resist and push the clamping block 950. Then, the screen barrel 900 is driven to rotate.
  • the drying device 1100 further includes a screw conveying mechanism 1120, an air blast chamber 1130 and a discharge pipe 1140, the feeding port of the screw conveying mechanism 1120 is connected to the lower end of the feeding pipe 1110, and the blast chamber 1130 Connected to the discharge port of the screw conveying mechanism 1120, the blast chamber 1130 is provided with a fan 1131, the discharge pipe 1140 is connected to the lower end of the blast chamber 1130, and the discharge pipe 1140 is provided with a heater 1150.
  • the dehydrated aluminum slag reaches directly above the feeding pipe 1110 driven by the grabbing and conveying system. At this time, the lower cover 920 of the sieve bucket 900 is opened, and the aluminum slag falls into the feeding pipe 1110.
  • the screw conveying mechanism 1120 includes a motor And the feeding screw, the feeding screw is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the aluminum slag is slowly transferred to the blast chamber 1130 in a small amount.
  • the aluminum slag floats in the cavity 1130 , and then falls into the discharge pipe 1140 , and the aluminum slag finally dried by the heater 1150 will fall into the storage tank 1500 .
  • the drying device 1100 uses a combination of air drying and drying to dry the dehydrated aluminum slag, which greatly reduces the water content of the aluminum slag and ensures the storage safety of the aluminum slag.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

一种安全酸洗装备，该装备包括防护罩（100）、筛桶（900）、抓取传送系统和烘干装置（1100），防护罩（100）连接有气体净化器（200），防护罩（100）内设有酸洗槽（300）、水洗槽（400）和脱水槽（500），酸洗槽（300）、水洗槽（400）和脱水槽内（500）均设有旋转托架（600），抓取传送系统设于防护罩（100）内，抓取传送系统包括抓取组件（1010），其可抓住筛桶（900）并进行传送，烘干装置（1100）包括进料管（1110），进料管（1110）与防护罩（100）连通。还提供了利用安全酸洗装备进行安全酸洗的方法，使得整个酸洗过程连续性强、效率高。

Description

安全酸洗装备和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及酸洗处理设备技术领域，特别涉及一种安全酸洗装备和方法。
背景技术
我国动力电池回收处理数量逐年递增，也暴露出在动力电池回收利用过程中的安全问题，在回收动力电池正极材料中，为了更好的将正极粉料从铝箔中脱离，通常是先将正极片进行破碎处理，为了进一步分离正极粉，则会通过酸洗的方法，将铝箔的表面腐蚀氧化达到正极材料回收的最大值。
而对于铝渣的传统的酸洗过程是直接将预处理后的铝渣投入酸洗槽搅拌，使得铝渣可以和酸水充分的反应，之后通过水洗和脱水等工艺完成铝渣的酸洗，在整个过程中，对于化学反应产生的易燃气体没有进行有效收集。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种安全酸洗装备和方法，能够杜绝反应所产生气体造成的污染环境、以及燃爆的风险，实现了整个生产过程的绿色环保，安全低耗无污染。
根据本发明的第一方面实施例的安全酸洗装备，包括：
防护罩，连接有气体净化器，所述防护罩内设有酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽，所述酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽内均设有旋转托架，所述酸洗槽和水洗槽还设有入水口和出水口，所述脱水槽设有排水口；
筛桶，用于装载待洗物料，所述筛桶的筒壁呈筛网状；
抓取传送系统，设于所述防护罩内，所述抓取传送系统包括抓取组件，所述抓取组件可抓住所述筛桶并进行传送；
烘干装置，包括进料管，所述进料管与所述防护罩连通。
根据本发明实施例的安全酸洗装备，至少具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明解决了人工上料、转运以及卸料现状，且各工位之间紧凑，占用 空间小，极大地减少了各工位之间的转送能耗，提高了生产加工效率，降低了生产成本；
2、本发明与传统酸解方法相比，采用筛桶和抓取传送系统结合的方式进行铝渣的酸洗作业，使得整个过程连续性强、效率高；
3、本发明设有防护罩和气体净化器，杜绝了反应所产生气体造成的污染环境、以及燃爆的风险，实现了整个生产过程的绿色环保，安全低耗无污染。
根据本发明的一些实施例，还包括上料机构，位于所述防护罩的下方，所述上料机构包括传送带和升降台，所述防护罩的底部设有孔洞，所述筛桶可随所述传送带到达所述升降台并随所述升降台抬升直至穿过所述孔洞进入所述防护罩内。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述抓取传送系统还包括轨迹桁架，所述抓取组件包括从上到下依次连接的伸缩机构、滑块和抓手，所述抓取组件通过所述滑块沿所述轨迹桁架移动。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述抓手包括固定架、推杆、定爪和三个以上动爪，所述动爪沿所述固定架的周向分布，所述推杆与所述定爪连接，所述定爪位于所述固定架的下方，所述定爪上设有倾斜的长条孔，所述动爪由连杆段和抓取段组成，所述连杆段与所述抓取段的夹角为钝角，所述抓取段的末端呈钩状，所述连杆段的端部与所述固定架铰接，所述连杆段与所述抓取段的折角处设有铰轴，所述铰轴可在所述长条孔内滑动，所述推杆向下推动所述定爪使得所述动爪向内转动，所述筛桶的顶部沿周向设有圆环，所述动爪可勾住所述圆环。
根据本发明的一些实施例，还包括循环液槽，所述酸洗槽和水洗槽的出水口分别连接有循环水管，所述循环水管与所述循环液槽连通。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述筛桶的底部设有可开合的下盖；所述所述筛桶的内壁设有突出的拨板；所述筛桶的底部设有倒角。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述旋转托架的内侧底部设有凹槽，所述筛桶的外侧底部设有突出的卡块，所述旋转托架通过所述凹槽与所述卡块的配合带动所 述筛桶旋转。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述烘干装置还包括螺旋输送机构、鼓风腔和卸料管，所述螺旋输送机构的进料口与所述进料管的下端连接，所述鼓风腔与所述螺旋输送机构的出料口连接，所述鼓风腔设有风机，所述卸料管与所述鼓风腔的下端连接，所述卸料管上设有加热器。
本发明还提供一种安全酸洗方法，所述安全酸洗方法使用所述的安全酸洗装备，所述安全酸洗方法包括如下步骤：
S1.将装有待洗物料的所述筛桶送至所述防护罩内；
S2.由所述抓取传送系统对所述筛桶进行多次抓取和运送，所述筛桶依次经过所述酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽，分别进行酸洗、水洗和脱水的工序；
S3.所述抓取传送系统将脱水后的物料倒入所述烘干装置中进行烘干。
根据本发明的一些实施例，步骤S2所进行的酸洗、水洗和脱水过程均在由所述气体净化器产生的负压状态下完成。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本发明实施例的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的正投影视图；
图3为本发明酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽的内部结构示意图；
图4为本发明筛桶的结构示意图；
图5为本发明抓取组件的结构示意图；
图6为本发明旋转托架的结构示意图。
附图标记：防护罩100、气体净化器200、酸洗槽300、水洗槽400、脱水槽500、排水口510、旋转托架600、凹槽610、挡板620、入水口700、出水口800、 筛桶900、圆环910、下盖920、拨板930、倒角940、卡块950、抓取组件1010、伸缩机构1011、滑块1012、轨迹桁架1020、抓手1030、固定架1031、推杆1032、定爪1033、动爪1034、连杆段1035、抓取段1036、铰轴1037、长条孔1038、烘干装置1100、进料管1110、螺旋输送机构1120、鼓风腔1130、风机1131、卸料管1140、加热器1150、上料机构1200、传送带1210、升降台1220、循环液槽1300、循环水管1400、存储槽1500。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
参照图1-3，一种铝渣安全酸洗装备，包括：
防护罩100，连接有气体净化器200，防护罩100内设有酸洗槽300、水洗槽400和脱水槽500，酸洗槽300、水洗槽400和脱水槽500内均设有旋转托架600，旋转托架600有下方的电机驱动，酸洗槽300和水洗槽400还设有入水口700和出水口800，脱水槽500设有排水口510；
筛桶900，用于装载待洗铝渣，筛桶900的筒壁呈筛网状；
抓取传送系统，设于防护罩100内，抓取传送系统包括抓取组件1010，抓取组件1010可抓住筛桶900并将其运送至目标位置；
烘干装置1100，包括进料管1110，进料管1110与防护罩100连通。
工作过程：
S1.将装有待洗铝渣的筛桶900送至防护罩100内；
S2.由抓取传送系统对筛桶900进行多次抓取和运送，筛桶900依次经过酸洗槽300、水洗槽400和脱水槽500，分别进行酸洗、水洗和脱水的工序，酸液从酸洗槽300的入水口700流入，筛桶900放置于旋转托架600上，旋转托架600带动筛桶900旋转，铝渣在酸液中不断的翻转，充分的反应，反应一定时间 之后，旋转托架600停止转动，由抓取传送系统将筛桶900抓取转移至水洗槽400，水洗槽400和脱水槽500的工作过程与酸洗槽300一致，只是脱水槽500洗涤的液体有差距，脱水槽500工作过程没有浸没在液体中，在电机的带动下，筛桶900快速转动，实现铝渣的脱水；
S3.抓取传送系统将脱水后的铝渣倒入烘干装置1100中进行烘干，铝渣最终收集在存储槽1500中；
上述过程都是在由气体净化器200产生的负压状态下完成。由于铝渣的酸洗槽300水洗槽400都设在防护罩100内，所以酸洗反应过程以及水洗过程产生的气体都可以通过气体净化器200进行净化。
根据本发明的一些实施例，还包括上料机构1200，位于防护罩100的下方，上料机构1200包括传送带1210和升降台1220，防护罩100的底部设有孔洞，筛桶900可随传送带1210到达升降台1220并随升降台1220抬升直至穿过孔洞进入防护罩100内，上料机构1200可以解决人工上料效率慢的问题。
根据本发明的一些实施例，参照图5，抓取传送系统还包括轨迹桁架1020，抓取组件1010包括从上到下依次连接的伸缩机构1011、滑块1012和抓手1030，抓取组件1010通过滑块1012沿轨迹桁架1020移动。滑块1012提供整个抓取组件1010在轨迹桁架1020上移动的基础支撑，伸缩机构1011为抓手1030提供升降的动力，而抓手1030则完成对筛桶900的取和放。
根据本发明的一些实施例，抓手1030包括固定架1031、推杆1032、定爪1033和三个以上动爪1034，动爪1034沿固定架1031的周向分布，推杆1032与定爪1033连接，定爪1033位于固定架1031的下方，定爪1033上设有倾斜的长条孔1038，动爪1034由连杆段1035和抓取段1036组成，连杆段1035与抓取段1036的夹角为钝角，抓取段1036的末端呈钩状，连杆段1035的端部与固定架1031铰接，连杆段1035与抓取段1036的折角处设有铰轴1037，铰轴1037可在长条孔1038内滑动，推杆1032向下推动定爪1033使得动爪1034向内转动，筛桶900的顶部沿周向设有圆环910，动爪1034可勾住圆环910。先通过伸缩机 构1011将抓手1030下方，当定爪1033下放至筛桶900时，推杆1032被驱动向下运动，进而推动定爪1033向下移动，在长条孔1038的作用下使得动爪1034向抓手1030的中心转动，由于动爪1034的抓取段1036呈钩状，即使只转动了一点点，也足以勾住筛桶900的圆环910，然后再伸缩机构1011的拉升下完成对筛桶900的提取，同理当需要下放筛桶900时，则先将抓手1030下放至指定位置后，推杆1032向上运动，拉动定爪1033向上，动爪1034反向转动，脱离圆环910，释放筛桶900。该结构是抓手1030和筛桶900的结构配合，只需很少的驱动力，即可实现筛桶900的取放，并且夹取牢固，筛桶900不易脱落。
根据本发明的一些实施例，还包括循环液槽1300，酸洗槽300和水洗槽400的出水口800分别连接有循环水管1400，循环水管1400与循环液槽1300连通。酸洗槽300和水洗槽400中的洗涤液在经过多次洗涤后分别由各自的出水口800经循环水管1400排入循环液槽1300，液体经过循环处理后再次由入水口700流入酸洗槽300和水洗槽400。
根据本发明的一些实施例，参照图4，筛桶900的底部设有可开合的下盖920，当需要卸料到烘干装置1100时，打开下盖920即可完成卸料；筛桶900的内壁设有突出的拨板930，拨板930可以提高搅拌效率，充分反应；筛桶900的底部边缘为倒角940，在筛桶900缓慢下放的过程中，倒角940使得筛桶900可以很好的滑入旋转托盘。
根据本发明的一些实施例，旋转托架600的内侧底部设有凹槽610，筛桶900的外侧底部设有突出的卡块950，旋转托架600通过凹槽610与卡块950的配合带动筛桶900旋转。旋转托架600的结构参照图6，旋转托架600底部的凹槽是由两块挡板620横设在圆形槽内所分割成的两个半圆环槽，挡板620的数量不限于两个，挡板620的作用是将圆形槽分割成若干个环槽，只要卡块950插进环槽内，当旋转托架600旋转时，挡板620会抵住并推动卡块950，进而带动筛桶900旋转。
根据本发明的一些实施例，烘干装置1100还包括螺旋输送机构1120、鼓风腔1130和卸料管1140，螺旋输送机构1120的进料口与进料管1110的下端连接，鼓风腔1130与螺旋输送机构1120的出料口连接，鼓风腔1130设有风机1131，卸料管1140与鼓风腔1130的下端连接，卸料管1140上设有加热器1150。脱水后的铝渣，在抓取传送系统的带动下到达进料管1110的正上方，此时打开筛桶900的下盖920，铝渣落入进料管1110中，螺旋输送机构1120包括电机和给料螺旋，通过电机带动给料螺旋旋转，使得铝渣被缓慢少量的传送至鼓风腔1130，在重力的作用下铝渣向下运动，铝渣在风力的吹动下会在鼓风腔1130中飘散，接着落入卸料管1140中，经过加热器1150最终干燥的铝渣会落入存储槽1500中。烘干装置1100采用风干和烘干结合的方式对脱水后的铝渣进行干燥处理，极大降低了铝渣的含水量，保证了铝渣的存储安全性。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施例，在所述技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，包括：
    防护罩，连接有气体净化器，所述防护罩内设有酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽，所述酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽内均设有旋转托架，所述酸洗槽和水洗槽还设有入水口和出水口，所述脱水槽设有排水口；
    筛桶，用于装载待洗物料，所述筛桶的筒壁呈筛网状；
    抓取传送系统，设于所述防护罩内，所述抓取传送系统包括抓取组件，所述抓取组件可抓住所述筛桶并进行传送；
    烘干装置，包括进料管，所述进料管与所述防护罩连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，还包括上料机构，位于所述防护罩的下方，所述上料机构包括传送带和升降台，所述防护罩的底部设有孔洞，所述筛桶可随所述传送带到达所述升降台并随所述升降台抬升直至穿过所述孔洞进入所述防护罩内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，所述抓取传送系统还包括轨迹桁架，所述抓取组件包括从上到下依次连接的伸缩机构、滑块和抓手，所述抓取组件通过所述滑块沿所述轨迹桁架移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，所述抓手包括固定架、推杆、定爪和三个以上动爪，所述动爪沿所述固定架的周向分布，所述推杆与所述定爪连接，所述定爪位于所述固定架的下方，所述定爪上设有倾斜的长条孔，所述动爪由连杆段和抓取段组成，所述连杆段与所述抓取段的夹角为钝角，所述抓取段的末端呈钩状，所述连杆段的端部与所述固定架铰接，所述连杆段与所述抓取段的折角处设有铰轴，所述铰轴可在所述长条孔内滑动，所述推杆向下推动所述定爪使得所述动爪向内转动，所述筛桶的顶部沿周向设有圆环，所述动爪可勾住所述圆环。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，还包括循环液槽，所述酸洗槽和水洗槽的出水口分别连接有循环水管，所述循环水管与所述循环液槽 连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，所述筛桶的底部设有可开合的下盖；所述所述筛桶的内壁设有突出的拨板；所述筛桶的底部设有倒角。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，所述旋转托架的内侧底部设有凹槽，所述筛桶的外侧底部设有突出的卡块，所述旋转托架通过所述凹槽与所述卡块的配合带动所述筛桶旋转。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的安全酸洗装备，其特征在于，所述烘干装置还包括螺旋输送机构、鼓风腔和卸料管，所述螺旋输送机构的进料口与所述进料管的下端连接，所述鼓风腔与所述螺旋输送机构的出料口连接，所述鼓风腔设有风机，所述卸料管与所述鼓风腔的下端连接，所述卸料管上设有加热器。
  9. 一种安全酸洗方法，其特征在于，所述安全酸洗方法使用权利要求1-8任一项所述的安全酸洗装备，所述安全酸洗方法包括如下步骤：
    S1.将装有待洗物料的所述筛桶送至所述防护罩内；
    S2.由所述抓取传送系统对所述筛桶进行多次抓取和运送，所述筛桶依次经过所述酸洗槽、水洗槽和脱水槽，分别进行酸洗、水洗和脱水的工序；
    S3.所述抓取传送系统将脱水后的物料倒入所述烘干装置中进行烘干。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的安全酸洗方法，其特征在于，步骤S2所进行的酸洗、水洗和脱水过程均在由所述气体净化器产生的负压状态下完成。
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