WO2022186067A1 - 石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法及び製造方法並びに石英ガラスるつぼ - Google Patents
石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法及び製造方法並びに石英ガラスるつぼ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022186067A1 WO2022186067A1 PCT/JP2022/007855 JP2022007855W WO2022186067A1 WO 2022186067 A1 WO2022186067 A1 WO 2022186067A1 JP 2022007855 W JP2022007855 W JP 2022007855W WO 2022186067 A1 WO2022186067 A1 WO 2022186067A1
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- quartz glass
- glass crucible
- blue fluorescence
- crucible
- outer layer
- Prior art date
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 456
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 170
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/10—Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/10—Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt
- C30B15/12—Double crucible methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B35/00—Apparatus not otherwise provided for, specially adapted for the growth, production or after-treatment of single crystals or of a homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
- C30B35/002—Crucibles or containers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/958—Inspecting transparent materials or objects, e.g. windscreens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/09—Other methods of shaping glass by fusing powdered glass in a shaping mould
- C03B19/095—Other methods of shaping glass by fusing powdered glass in a shaping mould by centrifuging, e.g. arc discharge in rotating mould
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
- G01N2021/646—Detecting fluorescent inhomogeneities at a position, e.g. for detecting defects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8477—Investigating crystals, e.g. liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
- G01N2021/8845—Multiple wavelengths of illumination or detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a quartz glass crucible evaluation method, a manufacturing method, and a quartz glass crucible.
- CZ method Czochralski method
- silicon single crystals silicon single crystal ingots.
- a silicon melt is contained in a quartz glass crucible, a seed crystal is brought into contact with the surface of the silicon melt, the quartz glass crucible is rotated, and the seed crystal is pulled upward while rotating in the opposite direction.
- the seed crystal is pulled upward while rotating in the opposite direction.
- a silicon single crystal ingot is grown on the lower end of the seed crystal.
- This quartz glass crucible is generally manufactured by the following method called the arc rotary melting method.
- silicon dioxide powder (silica powder, quartz powder) is supplied as raw material powder into a rotating mold, and is molded into a crucible-shaped compact by centrifugal force. After that, the molded body is heated and melted from the inside by an arc flame to form a translucent quartz glass crucible base (outer layer) (base forming step). Further, during or after formation of the crucible base, silicon dioxide powder is newly supplied to the heating atmosphere in the crucible base to form an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass on the inner surface side of the crucible base (inner layer forming step).
- a method of forming an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass by heating while sprinkling quartz powder is also called a sprinkling method.
- the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible is often formed using natural silicon dioxide powder, and the inner layer is formed using synthetic silicon dioxide powder.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses a manufacturing method for obtaining a silica glass crucible by supplying quartz raw material powder into a mold to form a silica powder molded body having a crucible shape, and heating and melting the silica powder molded body by arc discharge. describes supplying hydrogen gas to the inner surface of the silica powder compact during heating and melting by arc discharge. Further, Patent Document 2 describes heating and holding a quartz glass crucible manufactured by an arc rotary melting method in hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing atmosphere.
- Patent Document 5 describes that the introduction of such water vapor can also suppress expansion of bubbles near the inner surface of the quartz glass crucible.
- hydrogen-doped silica powders such as those described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 are used to form transparent silica glass layers using a spraying method.
- hydrogen doping may not be sufficiently performed at the intended locations in the inner layer.
- the state of hydrogen doping may vary depending on the position.
- the effect of suppressing bubble expansion may not be sufficiently obtained.
- bubbles are expanded and made visible by VBT (Vacuum Baking Test), and evaluation is performed based on the state of occurrence of the bubbles.
- VBT Vauum Baking Test
- evaluation is performed based on the state of occurrence of the bubbles.
- it is necessary to hold the temperature at 1650° C. for 2 hours and 10 minutes at a degree of vacuum of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less.
- This inspection is a destructive inspection, and there is a problem that it takes time.
- a typical quartz glass crucible consists of an outer layer made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass.
- the transparency of the inner layer (transparent layer) made of transparent quartz glass is not perfect, and more than a few bubbles are included.
- prior art documents such as those exemplified above have been published.
- a transparent layer with few bubbles synthetic quartz glass raw material A synthetic transparent layer formed from powder
- the transparent quartz glass layer (inner layer) formed by the spraying method there were cases where hydrogen doping was not sufficiently performed at intended locations (that is, the state of hydrogen doping varies depending on the location).
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is a non-destructive and easy way to evaluate the state of oxygen-deficient defects generated in the outer layer of a quartz glass crucible by hydrogen doping, introduction of water vapor, or the like.
- a first object is to provide a viable quartz glass crucible evaluation method.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a quartz glass crucible in which the generation of air bubbles in the surface layer of the inner layer is satisfactorily suppressed over the entire surface.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a method for evaluating a quartz glass crucible having an outer layer made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass. a step of irradiating the quartz glass crucible to be evaluated with ultraviolet rays as excitation light; a step of detecting blue fluorescence emitted from the quartz glass crucible irradiated with the ultraviolet rays; evaluating the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible according to the presence or absence of the quartz glass crucible.
- the method for evaluating a silica glass crucible of the present invention can nondestructively determine the state of hydrogen doping and water vapor introduction in the inner layer. easily evaluated.
- the distribution of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible can be evaluated based on the distribution of the blue fluorescence in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible.
- the distribution of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible can be easily and non-destructively evaluated based on the distribution of blue fluorescence.
- the blue fluorescence can be fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm.
- the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated can be ultraviolet rays having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm.
- ultraviolet light having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm is used to detect blue fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm.
- the state of oxygen deficiency defect can be easily evaluated.
- the blue fluorescence is detected by measuring the peak intensity A of the blue fluorescence and the peak intensity B of Rayleigh scattered light generated as a result of the irradiation with the ultraviolet rays, and the A and B satisfy the following formula (1): It is preferable to define that the blue fluorescence is detected at . (A/B) ⁇ 1000 ⁇ 20 Formula (1)
- the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer made of opaque quartz glass can be evaluated more objectively. can do.
- the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays may be set at an angle shifted from a direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the quartz glass crucible, and the blue fluorescence may be detected at an angle shifted from the specularly reflected light of the ultraviolet rays. preferable.
- the present invention it is possible to easily and non-destructively evaluate the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of a quartz glass crucible. Therefore, by performing the evaluation without destroying the quartz glass crucibles, it is possible to quickly obtain the evaluation results and also to evaluate all the quartz glass crucibles.
- the quartz glass crucible to be evaluated has the inner layer formed using raw material silica powder doped with hydrogen, or that water is additionally introduced into the inner layer.
- the quartz glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention is particularly suitable for evaluating quartz glass crucibles using raw silica powder doped with hydrogen for forming the inner layer and quartz glass crucibles in which moisture is introduced into the inner layer. Therefore, it is possible to easily evaluate the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of these quartz glass crucibles.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a quartz glass crucible, comprising the steps of producing a quartz glass crucible having an outer layer made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass, and Using the quartz glass crucible to be evaluated as the above-mentioned quartz glass crucible, evaluating by any of the above-described evaluation methods for quartz glass crucibles, and based on the results of evaluating the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the manufactured quartz glass crucible.
- a method for manufacturing a quartz glass crucible comprising the steps of: setting manufacturing conditions for manufacturing a new quartz glass crucible; and manufacturing a new quartz glass crucible under the set manufacturing conditions. do.
- the evaluation results can be fed back in the production of quartz glass crucibles. Since the quartz glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention can be performed in a non-destructive and simple manner, feedback can be quickly made to the production of quartz glass crucibles, thereby improving productivity and quality.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a quartz glass crucible comprising a bottom portion, a curved portion and a straight body portion, wherein the outer layer is made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles, and the transparent quartz glass and an inner layer composed of the Provided is a quartz glass crucible characterized in that it is generated in the entirety of the bottom portion, the curved portion and the straight body portion of the quartz glass crucible.
- the outer layer contains natural quartz glass
- the inner layer contains synthetic quartz glass
- the blue fluorescence is generated in a region where the natural quartz glass contacts the synthetic quartz glass.
- the blue fluorescence of the entire surface of the present invention can be satisfied even in a quartz glass crucible having such a structure of an outer layer containing natural quartz glass and an inner layer containing synthetic quartz glass.
- the present invention can provide a quartz glass crucible having such a structure, in which the generation of air bubbles in the surface layer of the inner layer is satisfactorily suppressed over the entire surface.
- the inner layer may contain hydrogen-doped quartz glass or water vapor-introduced quartz glass.
- the blanket blue fluorescence of the present invention can be particularly suitably achieved in a quartz glass crucible having an inner layer containing hydrogen-doped quartz glass or water vapor-introduced quartz glass.
- Hydrogen-doped quartz glass and water vapor-introduced quartz glass are used to suppress the generation of bubbles, but if the quartz glass crucible in which blue fluorescence is observed over the entire surface like the present invention, the generation of bubbles in the surface layer of the inner layer is more reliable.
- the blue fluorescence can be fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm.
- the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated can be ultraviolet rays having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm.
- blue fluorescence in the quartz glass crucible of the present invention can be determined by detecting blue fluorescence generated as fluorescence having a peak around 395 nm by ultraviolet rays having a peak around 254 nm.
- the quartz glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention makes it possible to non-destructively and easily evaluate the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible, which reflects the state of hydrogen doping and the introduction of water vapor, based on the presence or absence of blue fluorescence. .
- the inner layer of the quartz glass crucible can be quickly evaluated, so that the productivity is improved and there is no need to destroy the quartz glass crucible as a product.
- evaluation results can be fed back in the production of quartz glass crucibles. Since the evaluation method of the quartz glass crucible of the present invention can be carried out non-destructively and simply, it can be quickly fed back to the production of quartz glass crucibles.
- the quartz glass crucible of the present invention can be a quartz glass crucible in which the generation of air bubbles in the surface layer of the inner layer is satisfactorily suppressed on the entire surface by observing blue fluorescence over the entire surface.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between blue fluorescence intensity and inner surface exposed bubble density after VBT in Experimental Examples 1-1 to 1-8.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph showing the generation of blue fluorescence and the generation of air bubbles after VBT in each part of the quartz glass crucible in Experimental Examples 2-1 and 2-2.
- FIG. 1 is a photograph of a quartz glass crucible irradiated with ultraviolet rays according to the method for evaluating a quartz glass crucible of the present invention in Example 1, and the emission of blue fluorescence observed.
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing parts of a common quartz glass crucible;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing an outline of a method for detecting blue fluorescence in a quartz glass crucible.
- the present inventors focused on oxygen deficiency defects that occur in the outer layer of a quartz glass crucible when hydrogen-doped silica powder is used as raw material powder for manufacturing quartz glass crucibles.
- hydrogen-doped silica powder By using hydrogen-doped silica powder, hydrogen diffuses from the inner layer (transparent silica glass layer) of the quartz glass crucible to the outer layer (opaque silica glass layer), and oxygen is taken into the silica, which is the main cause of bubbles in the outer layer, and from the melting atmosphere. Oxygen-deficient defects occur due to the combination of and hydrogen.
- fluorescence blue fluorescence
- the site where blue fluorescence occurs that is, where oxygen deficiency defects occur is a shallow portion on the outer layer side of the boundary portion between the inner layer and the outer layer. Blue fluorescence does not necessarily occur in the entire thickness direction of the outer layer.
- the method for evaluating a quartz glass crucible of the present invention is a method for evaluating a quartz glass crucible having an outer layer made of opaque quartz glass containing bubbles and an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass. a step of preparing, a step of irradiating the quartz glass crucible to be evaluated with ultraviolet rays as excitation light, a step of detecting blue fluorescence emitted from the quartz glass crucible irradiated with the ultraviolet rays, and depending on the presence or absence of the blue fluorescence, the and a step of evaluating the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible.
- the quartz glass crucible 10 of FIG. 5 has an outer layer 21 made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer 22 made of transparent quartz glass. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the crucible shape of the quartz glass crucible 10 typically consists of a bottom portion 12, a curved portion 13, and a straight body portion . There is a bottom center 11 at the center of the bottom portion 12, the bottom portion 12 is also called a large R portion, and the curved portion 13 is also called a small R portion.
- Fig. 1 shows an outline of the method for evaluating the quartz glass crucible of the present invention.
- a quartz glass crucible to be evaluated is prepared.
- the quartz glass crucible prepared here can also be applied to a general quartz glass crucible, but the evaluation method of the quartz glass crucible of the present invention uses raw silica powder doped with hydrogen to evaluate the state of oxygen deficiency defects.
- the inner layer 22 is formed on the inner layer 22 or the inner layer 22 to which moisture is additionally introduced is suitable for evaluation.
- the present invention can be applied without problems to a quartz glass crucible in which only a portion of the inner layer 22 is doped with hydrogen or moisture. can.
- step S2 the quartz glass crucible to be evaluated is irradiated with ultraviolet rays as excitation light.
- step S3 blue fluorescence emitted from the quartz glass crucible irradiated with ultraviolet rays is detected. It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm as the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated here. Moreover, in that case, the blue fluorescence to be detected is fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm. Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of around 254 nm can be easily obtained from a mercury lamp.
- ultraviolet light having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm is used to detect blue fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm.
- the state of oxygen deficiency defects can be evaluated more easily.
- silica glass it is known that the fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm is caused by an oxygen-deficient defect (B2 ⁇ ).
- B2 ⁇ oxygen-deficient defect
- the fluorescence around a wavelength of 395 nm often has a peak at a wavelength of 394-396 nm.
- step S4 the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible is evaluated based on the presence or absence of blue fluorescence. If blue fluorescence is produced by the operations of steps S2 and S3, it means that an anoxia defect is present. Absence of blue fluorescence means absence or low density of oxygen-deficient defects.
- the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer made of opaque quartz glass of the quartz glass crucible can be easily and non-destructively evaluated based on the presence or absence of blue fluorescence. Since oxygen-deficient defects in the outer layer reflect the state of hydrogen doping and the introduction of water vapor in the inner layer, the evaluation method of the quartz glass crucible of the present invention can easily and non-destructively determine the state of hydrogen doping and the introduction of water vapor. can be evaluated.
- the site where blue fluorescence occurs that is, where oxygen deficiency defects occur is the shallow portion on the outer layer side of the boundary portion between the inner layer and the outer layer.
- the outer layer becomes a natural silica glass layer.
- oxygen in the outer layer naturally quartz glass layer
- hydrogen introduced by hydrogen doping or introduction of water vapor are combined to form a natural transparent layer having few bubbles and oxygen deficiency defects.
- This naturally transparent layer will generate blue fluorescence. Blue fluorescence does not necessarily occur in the entire thickness direction of the outer layer.
- a quartz glass crucible 10 (see FIG. 5) having an outer layer 21 made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer 22 made of transparent quartz glass is manufactured by a conventional method (step A).
- the silica glass crucible manufactured here is used as a silica glass crucible to be evaluated, and is evaluated by the silica glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention in accordance with the above steps S1 to S4 (step B).
- step C manufacturing conditions for manufacturing a new quartz glass crucible are set
- a new quartz glass crucible is manufactured under the manufacturing conditions set in step C (step D).
- the quartz glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention can be performed in a non-destructive and simple manner, it is possible to quickly provide feedback to the production of quartz glass crucibles, thereby improving productivity.
- the method for evaluating a quartz glass crucible of the present invention by grasping the fluorescence state of the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible in a cooled state after melting, the state of oxygen deficiency defects in the outer layer and the hydrogen doping of the inner layer can be determined. You can know the state and the state of the introduction of moisture, and you can immediately give feedback to the production. As described above, conventionally, it took about 10 hours from the end of melting until evaluation results were obtained, but the present invention enables feedback in about one hour. Moreover, since the present invention does not require destructive evaluation, 100% evaluation is possible.
- the quartz glass crucible evaluation method of the present invention blue fluorescence can be visually confirmed. Specifically, the quartz glass crucible is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in a dark room, and the generation of blue fluorescence can be confirmed. Also, the distribution of blue fluorescence in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible can be visually confirmed.
- the blue fluorescence is quantitatively detected based on the numerical value. Specifically, it is as follows.
- the peak intensity (peak height) of blue fluorescence generated when ultraviolet light is irradiated as excitation light is measured as peak intensity A.
- the peak intensity (peak height) of the Rayleigh scattered light generated as a result of irradiation with ultraviolet rays is measured as the peak intensity B.
- blue fluorescence is detected when the above A and B satisfy the following formula (1). (A/B) ⁇ 1000 ⁇ 20 Formula (1)
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 describe measuring red fluorescence in order to detect excess oxygen defects in quartz glass crucibles.
- Raman scattered light and fluorescence are measured using an Ar laser with a wavelength of 514 nm as excitation light.
- the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays at an angle shifted from the vertical direction with respect to the inner surface of the quartz glass crucible, and to detect the blue fluorescence at an angle shifted from the specularly reflected light of the ultraviolet rays.
- the irradiation surface of the quartz glass crucible can be tilted so that the incident angle of the excitation light is 60 degrees, and the measurement can be performed with a spectrofluorometer.
- Example 1-1 to 1-8 A normal quartz glass crucible 10 shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured using hydrogen-doped synthetic quartz powder as raw material powder for the inner layer 22 . Eight similar quartz glass crucibles 10 were produced while changing the production conditions (Experimental Examples 1-1 to 1-8).
- sample preparation A measurement sample was cut from the inner layer 22 located in the straight body portion 14 of each of the quartz glass crucibles 10 produced in Experimental Examples 1-1 to 1-8.
- the manufactured quartz glass crucible is passed to the next process as a passing product.
- the fluorescence is weaker than the standard sample, feedback is given to the manufacturing conditions for the next quartz crucible. For example, setting is made so that the hydrogen-doped raw material powder directly adheres to a portion where the fluorescence is weak.
- sample preparation From each of the quartz glass crucibles 10 thus produced, samples of about 4 cm ⁇ about 8 cm were cut every 100 mm from the bottom center 11 to the straight body portion 14 .
- the distance 0 mm (bottom center) from the bottom center 11 is a portion including the bottom center 11 .
- the distances of 100 mm, 200 mm, and 300 mm from the bottom center 11 are located in the bottom portion 12 (that is, the large R portion).
- a curved portion 13 (that is, a small R portion) is located at a distance of 400 mm from the bottom center 11 .
- 500 mm, 600 mm, and 700 mm distances from the bottom center 11 are located in the straight body portion 14 .
- the portion at a distance of 500 mm from the bottom center 11 is located near the lower portion of the straight body portion 14 .
- each sample of the quartz glass crucible 10 of Experimental Example 2-1 was measured for bubble density after VBT, which is a conventional evaluation method.
- Each sample was held at 1650° C. for 2 hours and 10 minutes with a degree of vacuum of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less to generate air bubbles. After that, the density of air bubbles exposed on the surface of each sample was visually confirmed.
- a sample in which the positions of bubbles were marked is shown in FIG. As a result, the number of exposed bubbles was larger in the sites where blue fluorescence could not be observed (distances of 300 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, and 700 mm from the bottom center 11) than in the other sites. This means that hydrogen doping was insufficient at these sites, and the effect of suppressing bubble formation was not sufficient.
- a quartz glass crucible will be described below as a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the state of hydrogen doping may vary depending on the location of the quartz glass crucible. That is, the state of bubbles contained in the inner layer of the quartz glass crucible was not uniform. Further, according to the studies of the present inventors, it has been found that there are sites where bubbles are likely to be included.
- the evaluation of each portion of the quartz glass crucible has been performed by performing cutting and vacuum heat treatment based on past experience. For example, according to "VBT" described in Patent Document 8, evaluation was performed under conditions of 1650° C., 2 hours, 10 minutes holding, and 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less. So far, it has not been clarified what influences the bubbles contained in this synthetic transparent layer.
- the "hydrogen" contained in the inner layer is the outer layer (natural foam layer made from natural quartz powder).
- a thin natural layer with slightly fewer bubbles is formed by combining with oxygen abundantly present in the outer layer (hereinafter referred to as "natural transparent layer”).
- This natural transparent layer has oxygen-deficient defects, and blue fluorescence is emitted from the natural transparent layer when irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 254 nm.
- the inventors of the present invention noticed that there are parts that emit blue fluorescence and parts that do not in quartz glass crucibles. Then, when VBT is performed on the portion that emits blue fluorescence and the portion that does not emit blue fluorescence, the inventors discovered that the surface layer of the synthetic transparent layer is excellent in suppressing bubbles in the portion that emits fluorescence.
- the present inventors focused on oxygen deficiency defects that occur in the outer layer of a quartz glass crucible when hydrogen-doped silica powder is used as raw material powder for manufacturing quartz glass crucibles.
- hydrogen-doped silica powder By using hydrogen-doped silica powder, hydrogen diffuses from the inner layer (transparent silica glass layer) of the quartz glass crucible to the outer layer (opaque silica glass layer), and oxygen is taken into the silica, which is the main cause of bubbles in the outer layer, and from the melting atmosphere. Oxygen-deficient defects occur due to the combination of and hydrogen.
- fluorescence blue fluorescence
- the site where blue fluorescence occurs that is, where oxygen deficiency defects occur is a shallow portion on the outer layer side of the boundary portion between the inner layer and the outer layer. Blue fluorescence does not necessarily occur in the entire thickness direction of the outer layer.
- the quartz glass crucible of the present invention is a quartz glass crucible comprising a bottom portion, a curved portion and a straight body portion, and has an outer layer made of opaque quartz glass containing air bubbles and an inner layer made of transparent quartz glass.
- ultraviolet light as excitation light
- blue fluorescence is generated in a boundary region between the outer layer and the inner layer of the quartz glass crucible, and the blue fluorescence is emitted from the bottom and the curved portion of the quartz glass crucible.
- a quartz glass crucible characterized in that it occurs in the entirety of the straight body.
- the quartz glass crucible 10 of FIG. 5 has an outer layer 21 of bubble-containing opaque quartz glass and an inner layer 22 of transparent quartz glass.
- the crucible shape of the quartz glass crucible 10 typically consists of a bottom portion 12, a curved portion 13, and a straight body portion . There is a bottom center 11 at the center of the bottom portion 12, the bottom portion 12 is also called a large R portion, and the curved portion 13 is also called a small R portion.
- the quartz glass crucible 10 of the present invention produces blue fluorescence in the boundary region between the outer layer 21 and the inner layer 22 of the quartz glass crucible 10 when irradiated with ultraviolet light as excitation light. , occur throughout the bottom portion 12 , the curved portion 13 and the straight body portion 14 of the quartz glass crucible 10 .
- Such a quartz glass crucible 10 becomes a quartz glass crucible in which the generation of air bubbles on the surface layer of the inner layer 22 is satisfactorily suppressed over the entire surface.
- the quartz glass crucible 10 of the present invention can have an outer layer 21 containing natural quartz glass and an inner layer 22 containing synthetic quartz glass.
- a quartz glass crucible having such a structure is generally used, in particular, for pulling silicon single crystals.
- blue fluorescence generally occurs in the region where natural fused silica contacts synthetic fused silica.
- the inner layer 22 preferably contains hydrogen-doped quartz glass or water vapor-introduced quartz glass.
- the blanket blue fluorescence of the present invention can be fulfilled particularly well in fused silica crucibles having an inner layer comprising hydrogen-doped fused silica or water vapor-introduced fused silica.
- Hydrogen-doped quartz glass and water vapor-introduced quartz glass are used to suppress the generation of bubbles, but if the quartz glass crucible in which blue fluorescence is observed over the entire surface like the present invention, the generation of bubbles in the surface layer of the inner layer is more reliable.
- the quartz glass crucible is irradiated with ultraviolet rays as excitation light.
- blue fluorescence emitted from the quartz glass crucible irradiated with ultraviolet rays is detected. It is preferable to use ultraviolet rays having a peak around a wavelength of 254 nm as the ultraviolet rays to be irradiated here. Moreover, in that case, the blue fluorescence to be detected is fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm. Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of around 254 nm can be easily obtained from a mercury lamp.
- ultraviolet light having a peak at a wavelength of 254 nm is used to detect blue fluorescence having a peak at a wavelength of around 395 nm.
- Deficiency defect status can be more easily assessed.
- silica glass it is known that the fluorescence having a peak around a wavelength of 395 nm is caused by an oxygen-deficient defect (B2 ⁇ ).
- B2 ⁇ oxygen-deficient defect
- the fluorescence around a wavelength of 395 nm often has a peak at a wavelength of 394-396 nm.
- Such a blue fluorescence detection method can easily evaluate quartz glass crucibles in a non-destructive manner.
- blue fluorescence occurs, that is, the site where oxygen deficiency defects occur is typically a shallow portion on the outer layer 21 side of the boundary portion between the inner layer 22 and the outer layer 21 .
- natural silica powder is used as the raw material silica powder for the outer layer 21
- synthetic silica powder is used as the raw material silica powder for the inner layer 22
- the outer layer 21 becomes a natural silica glass layer.
- oxygen in the outer layer 21 (natural silica glass layer) and hydrogen introduced by hydrogen doping or introduction of water vapor combine to form a natural transparent layer with few bubbles and oxygen deficiency defects. This naturally transparent layer will generate blue fluorescence. Blue fluorescence does not necessarily occur in the entire thickness direction of the outer layer 21 .
- blue fluorescence can be visually confirmed.
- the quartz glass crucible is irradiated with ultraviolet rays in a dark room, and the generation of blue fluorescence can be confirmed. Also, the distribution of blue fluorescence in the outer layer of the quartz glass crucible can be visually confirmed.
- the blue fluorescence is quantitatively detected based on numerical values. Specifically, it is as follows.
- the peak intensity (peak height) of blue fluorescence generated when ultraviolet light is irradiated as excitation light is measured as peak intensity A.
- the peak intensity (peak height) of the Rayleigh scattered light generated as a result of irradiation with ultraviolet rays is measured as the peak intensity B.
- blue fluorescence is detected when the above A and B satisfy the following formula (1). (A/B) ⁇ 1000 ⁇ 20 Formula (1)
- Patent Documents 6 and 7 describe measuring red fluorescence in order to detect excess oxygen defects in quartz glass crucibles.
- Raman scattered light and fluorescence are measured using an Ar laser with a wavelength of 514 nm as excitation light.
- the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet rays at an angle shifted from the vertical direction with respect to the inner surface of the quartz glass crucible, and to detect the blue fluorescence at an angle shifted from the specularly reflected light of the ultraviolet rays.
- the irradiation surface of the quartz glass crucible can be tilted so that the incident angle of the excitation light is 60 degrees, and the measurement can be performed with a spectrofluorometer.
- Example 3-1 to 3-8 A normal quartz glass crucible 10 shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured using hydrogen-doped synthetic quartz powder (hydrogen-doped synthetic quartz powder described in Patent Document 3) as raw material powder for the inner layer 22 . Samples were cut from a plurality of portions of the manufactured quartz glass crucible 10 (Experimental Examples 3-1 to 3-8).
- Table 2 shows the results of Experimental Examples 3-1 to 3-8.
- the hydrogen-doped silica powder could be directly adhered to the entire inner surface region to supply hydrogen, and a silica glass crucible was obtained in which the natural transparent thin layer on the entire surface of the silica glass crucible emitted blue fluorescence. Evaluation of the synthetic transparent layer at each part of the quartz glass crucible thus obtained showed that its bubble suppression was excellent. When the same quartz glass crucible was used for pulling a silicon single crystal, the silicon single crystal pulling performance (DF ratio) was improved. In this way, by repeating melting experiments, we succeeded in fabricating a quartz glass crucible that emits blue fluorescence over the entire surface. This will be described with reference to Experimental Examples 4-1 to 4-8.
- sample preparation From each of the quartz glass crucibles 10 thus produced, samples of about 4 cm ⁇ about 8 cm were cut every 100 mm from the bottom center 11 to the straight body portion 14 .
- the distance 0 mm (bottom center) from the bottom center 11 is a portion including the bottom center 11 .
- the distances of 100 mm, 200 mm, and 300 mm from the bottom center 11 are located in the bottom portion 12 (that is, the large R portion).
- a curved portion 13 (that is, a small R portion) is located at a distance of 400 mm from the bottom center 11 .
- 500 mm, 600 mm, and 700 mm distances from the bottom center 11 are located in the straight body portion 14 .
- the portion at a distance of 500 mm from the bottom center 11 is located near the lower portion of the straight body portion 14 .
- each sample of the quartz glass crucible 10 of Experimental Example 4-1 was measured for bubble density after VBT based on the evaluation method of Patent Document 8.
- Each sample was held at 1650° C. for 2 hours and 10 minutes with a degree of vacuum of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less to generate air bubbles. After that, the density of air bubbles exposed on the surface of each sample was visually confirmed.
- Table 3 shows the results of Experimental Examples 4-1 to 4-8.
- Table 4 shows the density of air bubbles exposed on the inner surface of a unit area (1 cm 2 ) after VBT.
- blue fluorescence can be detected over the entire surface of the quartz glass crucible 10 depending on the manufacturing conditions.
- Such manufacturing conditions can be easily set by repeating melting experiments and detecting blue fluorescence for verification.
- Manufacturing conditions include, for example, changing the gas circulation position in the melting atmosphere and changing the supply position of the raw material quartz powder.
- Example 1-1 A normal quartz glass crucible 10 shown in FIG. 5 was manufactured using hydrogen-doped synthetic quartz powder as raw material powder for the inner layer 22 (Example 1-1).
- the quartz glass crucible 10 produced in Example 1-1 was irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm as excitation light from the inner surface side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, a distribution was observed in the generation of blue fluorescence. As shown in FIG. 4, blue fluorescence was observed in the curved portion 13 (small R portion) in FIG. I was weak. From this, it can be seen that the bent portion 13 of the manufactured quartz glass crucible 10 is sufficiently doped with hydrogen, and the bubble suppressing effect is obtained, but the other portions are insufficient.
- Examples 2-1 to 2-8 A normal quartz glass crucible 10 shown in FIG. (Examples 2-1 to 2-8).
- Quartz glass crucibles were manufactured under various manufacturing conditions, and samples for measurement were cut out from the quartz glass crucibles. Standard samples satisfying 20 or more and less than 25 in fluorescence intensity (A/B) ⁇ 1000 in the above formula (1) were prepared from the samples.
- the quartz glass crucibles 10 produced in Examples 2-1 to 2-8 were non-destructively irradiated with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm from the inner surface side as excitation light.
- generation of blue fluorescence was visually observed in the straight body portion 14 of the quartz glass crucible 10 of each example.
- Table 5 the same or stronger blue fluorescence was observed in Examples 2-1 to 2-4 than in the standard sample.
- weak blue fluorescence was observed in Examples 2-5 to 2-8 compared to the standard sample.
- the fluorescence intensity (A/B) ⁇ 1000 is 20 or more (that is, the amount of hydrogen doping is large and the oxygen deficiency defect
- the fluorescence intensity (A / B) ⁇ 1000 is less than 20 (that is, the amount of hydrogen doping This means that there are few oxygen deficiency defects).
- the quartz glass crucibles 10 manufactured in Examples 2-1 to 2-8 were investigated to see how bubbles actually occurred. Measurement samples were cut out from the quartz glass crucibles 10 of Examples 2-1 to 2-8, and the bubble density after VBT was measured. Each sample was held at 1650° C. for 2 hours and 10 minutes with a degree of vacuum of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less to generate air bubbles. After that, the density of air bubbles exposed on the surface of each sample was visually confirmed. The results are also shown in Table 5.
- the amount of oxygen deficiency defects evaluated in the non-destructive state of the quartz glass crucibles 10 produced in Examples 2-1 to 2-8 reflects the bubble density after VBT. That is, those with high fluorescence intensity (Examples 2-1 to 2-4) have low exposed bubble densities, and those with low fluorescence intensity (Examples 2-5 to 2-8) have high exposed bubble densities.
- Example 3 During the spraying method, 200 g of hydrogen-doped silica powder was poured from the bottom of the quartz glass crucible toward the straight body using a raw material powder supply tube made of synthetic quartz with an inner diameter of 16 mm or less while adjusting the air current generated by arc discharge. /min or more, and melted so that the synthetic transparent layer has a thickness of 1 mm or more on the entire inner surface region of the quartz glass crucible. After confirming the blue fluorescence emission state of the quartz glass crucible, the position of the raw material powder supply pipe was adjusted and melted so that the hydrogen-doped silica powder adhered to the portion with no or weak emission.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
- the above-described embodiment is merely an example, and any device that has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and produces similar effects can be applied to the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.
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Abstract
Description
(A/B)×1000≧20 ・・・式(1)
以下では、まず、本発明の第1の形態として、石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法及び製造方法を説明する。
(A/B)×1000≧20 ・・・式(1)
図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて製造した。同様の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、製造条件を変化させつつ8個作製した(実験例1-1~1-8)。
実験例1-1~1-8で作製したそれぞれの石英ガラスるつぼ10について、直胴部14に位置する内層22から測定用サンプルを切り出した。
各サンプルに対して波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線を照射し、波長395nm付近にピークを有する青色蛍光の検出を行った。測定装置として日本分光株式会社の分光蛍光強度計FP-8500を用いた。このとき、励起光の入射角が60度になるように石英ガラスるつぼの照射面を傾けて測定を行った。また、レイリー散乱光のピーク強度が測定できる感度となるように測定条件を設定した。なお、レイリー散乱光強度は入射光の波長に依存し、254nmでは入射光強度の約0.1%である。蛍光強度比として、青色蛍光のピーク強度Aとレイリー散乱光のピーク強度Bに基づき、上記式(1)によって規格化したピーク強度比を用いた。
上記の青色蛍光の測定を行った後、実験例1-1~1-8の石英ガラスるつぼ10の各サンプルについて、従来の評価法である、VBT後の気泡密度を測定した。各サンプルに対して、真空度2×10-2Pa以下とし、1650℃で2時間10分保持することにより気泡を発生させた。その後、各サンプルの表面に露出した気泡の密度を目視で確認した。
実験例1-1~1-8と同様の方法で、ただし製造条件をわずかに変更して、図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて製造した(実験例2-1)。
作製したそれぞれの石英ガラスるつぼ10について、底中心11から直胴部14にかけて100mmごとに約4cm×約8cmのサンプルを切り出した。このうち、底中心11からの距離0mm(底中心)は底中心11を含む部位である。底中心11からの距離が100mm、200mm、300mmは底部12(すなわち、大R部)に位置する。底中心11からの距離が400mmは湾曲部13(すなわち、小R部)に位置する。底中心11からの距離が500mm、600mm、700mmは直胴部14に位置する。そのうち、底中心11からの距離が500mmは直胴部14の下部付近に位置する。
各サンプルに対して波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線を照射し、波長395nm付近にピークを有する青色蛍光の発生の有無を目視で確認した。紫外線照射した状態で撮影した写真を図3中の「蛍光発生状況」の列に示した。青色蛍光は図3の各サンプルの左側に明るい部分として現れている。底中心11からの距離が300mmの部位である底部12(すなわち、大R部)、及び、500mm、600mm、700mmの直胴部14に相当する部位は青色蛍光が観察できなかった。
上記の青色蛍光の測定を行った後、実験例2-1の石英ガラスるつぼ10の各サンプルについて、従来の評価法である、VBT後の気泡密度を測定した。各サンプルに対して、真空度2×10-2Pa以下とし、1650℃で2時間10分保持することにより気泡を発生させた。その後、各サンプルの表面に露出した気泡の密度を目視で確認した。気泡の位置にマーキングを行ったサンプルを図3中に示した(「VBT後気泡発生状況」の列)。その結果、青色蛍光が観察できなかった部位(底中心11からの距離が300mm、500mm、600mm、700mm)では、露出気泡数がその他の部位よりも多かった。これは、これらの部位では水素ドープが不十分であり、気泡発生抑制効果が十分ではなかったことを意味する。
実験例1-1~1-8、実験例2-1と同様の方法で、ただし製造条件をわずかに変更して、図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて作製した(実験例2-2)。
以下では、本発明の第2の形態として、石英ガラスるつぼを説明する。
本発明の石英ガラスるつぼにおいて、青色蛍光の検出は例えば以下のようにして行う。まず、図6の工程S21に示したように、石英ガラスるつぼを準備する。
(A/B)×1000≧20 ・・・式(1)
図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉(特許文献3に記載された水素ドープ合成石英粉)を用いて製造した。この製造した石英ガラスるつぼ10の複数の各部位からサンプルを切り出した(実験例3-1~3-8)。
各サンプルに対して波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線を照射し、波長395nm付近にピークを有する青色蛍光の検出を行った。その結果、青色蛍光の検出されたサンプルを実験例3-1~3-4、検出されなかったサンプルを実験例3-5~3-8とした。
上記の青色蛍光の測定を行った後、実験例3-1~3-8の石英ガラスるつぼ10の各サンプルについて、特許文献8の評価法に基づいて、VBT後の気泡密度を測定した。各サンプルに対して、真空度2×10-2Pa以下とし、1650℃で2時間10分保持することにより気泡を発生させた。その後、各サンプルの表面に露出した気泡の密度を目視で確認した。
実験例3-1~3-8と同様の方法で、ただし製造条件を変更して、図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて製造した(実験例4-1)。
作製したそれぞれの石英ガラスるつぼ10について、底中心11から直胴部14にかけて100mmごとに約4cm×約8cmのサンプルを切り出した。このうち、底中心11からの距離0mm(底中心)は底中心11を含む部位である。底中心11からの距離が100mm、200mm、300mmは底部12(すなわち、大R部)に位置する。底中心11からの距離が400mmは湾曲部13(すなわち、小R部)に位置する。底中心11からの距離が500mm、600mm、700mmは直胴部14に位置する。そのうち、底中心11からの距離が500mmは直胴部14の下部付近に位置する。
各サンプルに対して波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線を照射し、波長395nm付近にピークを有する青色蛍光の発生の有無を目視で確認した。
上記の青色蛍光の測定を行った後、実験例4-1の石英ガラスるつぼ10の各サンプルについて、特許文献8の評価法に基づいて、VBT後の気泡密度を測定した。各サンプルに対して、真空度2×10-2Pa以下とし、1650℃で2時間10分保持することにより気泡を発生させた。その後、各サンプルの表面に露出した気泡の密度を目視で確認した。
実験例3-1~3-8、実験例4-1と同様の方法で、ただし製造条件を変更して、図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて作製した(実験例4-2~4-8)。
図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて製造した(実施例1-1)。
図5に示した通常の石英ガラスるつぼ10を、実施例1-1と同様の方法により、ただし製造条件をわずかに変更しながら、内層22用の原料粉として水素ドープした合成石英粉を用いて製造した(実施例2-1~2-8)。
様々な製造条件により石英ガラスるつぼを製造し、石英ガラスるつぼから測定用サンプルを切り出した。そのサンプルの中から、上記式(1)において、蛍光強度(A/B)×1000が20以上25未満を満たす標準サンプルを準備した。
青色蛍光と透明層の関係を発見していない時期の石英ガラスるつぼについて、底部、湾曲部及び直胴部の全体で青色蛍光を発する石英ガラスるつぼを調査したところ、その製造割合は0%だった。
散布法を行う際、アーク放電で生じる気流を調整しつつ、内径16mm以下の合成石英製の原料粉供給管を用いて、石英ガラスるつぼの底部から直胴部に向かって、水素ドープシリカ粉を200g/min以上の割合で供給し、石英ガラスるつぼの全内面領域に合成透明層が1mm以上の厚さになるように溶融した。その石英ガラスるつぼの青色蛍光の発光状態を確認し、発光が無い、または発光が弱い部分に水素ドープシリカ粉が付着するように原料粉供給管の位置を調整し溶融した。このように石英ガラスるつぼ全面で青色蛍光が観察できるまで繰り返し溶融実験と条件調整を行い、全面青色蛍光を持つ石英ガラスるつぼの製造条件を設定した。この製造条件で石英ガラスるつぼを製造した結果、全面青色蛍光を発する石英ガラスるつぼの製造割合を93.8%(61個/65個)に上昇させ、安定的な供給が可能となった。実施例3及び比較例の結果を表6にまとめた。
Claims (14)
- 気泡を含有する不透明石英ガラスからなる外層と、透明石英ガラスからなる内層とを有する石英ガラスるつぼを評価する方法であって、
評価対象の石英ガラスるつぼを準備する工程と、
該評価対象の石英ガラスるつぼに紫外線を励起光として照射する工程と、
前記紫外線を照射した石英ガラスるつぼから発する青色蛍光の検出を行う工程と、
前記青色蛍光の有無によって、前記石英ガラスるつぼの外層における酸素欠乏欠陥の状態を評価する工程と
を有することを特徴とする石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。 - 前記石英ガラスるつぼの外層における前記青色蛍光の分布に基づいて、前記石英ガラスるつぼの外層における酸素欠乏欠陥の分布を評価することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
- 前記青色蛍光が波長395nm付近にピークを有する蛍光であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
- 前記照射する紫外線を波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線とすることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
- 前記青色蛍光の検出を、
前記青色蛍光のピーク強度Aと、前記紫外線を照射した結果生じるレイリー散乱光のピーク強度Bを測定し、
前記AとBが、下記式(1)を満たす場合に前記青色蛍光が検出されたと定義して行うことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
(A/B)×1000≧20 ・・・式(1) - 前記紫外線の照射角度を、前記石英ガラスるつぼの内表面に対して垂直方向からずらした角度とするとともに、
前記青色蛍光の検出を、前記紫外線の正反射光からずらした角度で行う
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。 - 前記石英ガラスるつぼを破壊することなく評価を行うことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
- 前記評価対象の石英ガラスるつぼを、水素がドープされた原料シリカ粉を用いて前記内層が形成されたもの、又は、前記内層に水分が追加導入されたものとすることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法。
- 石英ガラスるつぼの製造方法であって、
気泡を含有する不透明石英ガラスからなる外層と、透明石英ガラスからなる内層とを有する石英ガラスるつぼを製造する段階と、
該製造した石英ガラスるつぼを前記評価対象の石英ガラスるつぼとして、請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼの評価方法によって評価する段階と、
前記製造した石英ガラスるつぼの外層における酸素欠乏欠陥の状態を評価した結果に基づいて、新たに石英ガラスるつぼを製造する際の製造条件を設定する段階と、
該設定した製造条件で新たに石英ガラスるつぼを製造する段階と
を有することを特徴とする石英ガラスるつぼの製造方法。 - 底部、湾曲部及び直胴部からなる石英ガラスるつぼであって、
気泡を含有する不透明石英ガラスからなる外層と、透明石英ガラスからなる内層とを有し、
前記石英ガラスるつぼに対して紫外線を励起光として照射したときに、前記石英ガラスるつぼの前記外層と前記内層の境界領域において青色蛍光を生じ、
前記青色蛍光が、前記石英ガラスるつぼの前記底部、前記湾曲部及び前記直胴部の全体において生じるものであることを特徴とする石英ガラスるつぼ。 - 前記外層が天然石英ガラスを含み、
前記内層が合成石英ガラスを含み、
前記青色蛍光は、前記天然石英ガラスが前記合成石英ガラスと接触する領域において発生するものであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の石英ガラスるつぼ。 - 前記内層が、水素ドープ石英ガラス、又は、水蒸気導入石英ガラスを含むものであることを特徴とする請求項10又は請求項11に記載の石英ガラスるつぼ。
- 前記青色蛍光が波長395nm付近にピークを有する蛍光であることを特徴とする請求項10から請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼ。
- 前記照射する紫外線が波長254nm付近にピークを有する紫外線であることを特徴とする請求項10から請求項13のいずれか1項に記載の石英ガラスるつぼ。
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