WO2022179172A1 - 后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备 - Google Patents

后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022179172A1
WO2022179172A1 PCT/CN2021/129120 CN2021129120W WO2022179172A1 WO 2022179172 A1 WO2022179172 A1 WO 2022179172A1 CN 2021129120 W CN2021129120 W CN 2021129120W WO 2022179172 A1 WO2022179172 A1 WO 2022179172A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
rear case
gradient
manufacturing
base material
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PCT/CN2021/129120
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周青
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022179172A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022179172A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0279—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics
    • H04M1/0283—Improving the user comfort or ergonomics for providing a decorative aspect, e.g. customization of casings, exchangeable faceplate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular, to a manufacturing method of a rear case, a rear case and an electronic device.
  • a mobile phone generally includes a display screen, a middle frame, a circuit board and a rear case, wherein the circuit board can be arranged on the middle frame, and the display screen and the rear case are located on two sides of the middle frame respectively.
  • the back cover of the mobile phone is generally made of ordinary glass or ceramic materials by machining, wherein, if the back cover of the mobile phone needs to be designed as a curved surface structure, and then the back cover is processed into a curved back cover by a hot bending process. Then, the surface of the glass or ceramic material is further processed by a flat polishing process or a curved surface polishing process to make the surface smooth and bright.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a manufacturing method of a rear case, a rear case and an electronic device, which realize the gradient effect and diversified appearance requirements of the rear case, and solve the problem that the appearance and texture in the prior art are single, resulting in poor visual effect. .
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a rear case.
  • the method for manufacturing the rear case includes: providing a base material layer; and forming a gradient layer on the base material layer.
  • the rear case by forming a gradation layer on the base material layer, the rear case can achieve a gradation effect, which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by a single appearance and texture in the prior art.
  • the forming the graded layer on the base material layer includes: disposing a first protective layer on the first surface of the base material layer; A preset gradient pattern is presented on the base material layer to form the gradient layer. By designing different preset gradient patterns, the diverse appearance requirements of the rear shell can be realized.
  • causing the first protective layer to present a preset gradient pattern on the base material layer includes: using an exposure and developing process to make the first protective layer appear on the base material layer renders a preset gradient pattern on the
  • the using an exposure and developing process to make the first protective layer present a preset gradient pattern on the substrate layer includes: blocking a photomask with a preset gradient pattern on the substrate layer. Above the first protective layer; using a UV light source to irradiate the first protective layer through the photomask, so that the first protective layer presents a preset gradient pattern on the base material layer.
  • the preset gradient pattern on the photomask is formed in a dot matrix arrangement, and the preset gradient pattern is configured as a light-transmitting area; and the photomask is arranged along the According to the gradient direction of the preset gradient pattern, the light transmittance gradually increases or decreases gradually.
  • the lattice arrangement scheme for the design of the preset gradient pattern on the photomask the density and particle size of the lattice can be designed in different directions according to the actual needs, so as to realize the transparent area of the photomask. graphic gradient.
  • the first protective layer is photosensitive ink or photoresist.
  • Photosensitive inks and photoresists are sensitive to UV light and can be cured by UV light.
  • a UV light source is used to irradiate the first protective layer through a photomask with a preset gradient pattern, the photosensitive ink or photoresist can easily achieve a pre-painted appearance on the substrate layer. Set gradient pattern.
  • the photoresist is a negative-type photoresist.
  • the upper layer of the negative photoresist accepts lower energy than the lower photoresist, so that most of the negative photoresist images are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. In this way, the graphics can be obtained by one exposure method, and the exposure and development effect is better.
  • the first protective layer is a photosensitive ink or photoresist with acid resistance or jetting resistance.
  • the first protective layer has acid resistance or anti-spray performance, which can avoid the problem of acidification and corrosion on the gradient layer when the gradient layer is frosted by the chemical frosting process, and can avoid the problem of acidification and corrosion on the gradient layer when the chemical frosting process is used to frost the gradient layer. The problem of jet erosion on the graded layer.
  • the method further includes: performing a frosting treatment on the graded layer, so that the graded layer is in a frosted state.
  • the anti-scratch performance and the anti-fingerprint performance of the surface of the rear case can be improved while meeting the diversified requirements of the surface effect of the rear case.
  • the performing frosting treatment on the gradient layer so that the gradient layer is in a frosted state includes: using a chemical frosting process or a physical sandblasting process to perform a frosting treatment on the gradient layer, so that the gradient layer is in a frosted state.
  • the method before disposing the first protective layer on the first surface of the base material layer, the method further includes: disposing a second protective layer on the second surface of the base material layer; using In the exposure and development process, the second protective layer is completely covered on the second surface of the base material layer; wherein, the second surface is the side opposite to the first surface.
  • the method further includes: applying the second surface on the second surface of the base material layer The protective layer is removed.
  • the second protective layer is photosensitive ink or photoresist.
  • the method further includes: polishing the gradation layer.
  • the rear shell can achieve different haze and gloss effects, and further achieve diversified appearance effect requirements, thereby solving the problem of single appearance texture in the prior art, resulting in visual effects. worse problem.
  • the method before or after performing the polishing treatment on the graded layer, the method further includes: performing a strengthening treatment on the graded layer.
  • the rear shell By strengthening the gradient layer, the rear shell can have a certain toughness, so as to avoid the problem of poor anti-beating performance when the surface of the rear shell is brittle.
  • the UV light source is a UV parallel light source.
  • the light direction of the parallel light source will not change and there is no attenuation, which is beneficial to achieve uniformity of exposure and development.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a rear case, which is manufactured by using any one of the above-mentioned manufacturing methods for a rear case.
  • the rear case provided by the embodiment of the present application is made by using any of the above-mentioned manufacturing methods of the rear case.
  • the rear case can achieve a gradient effect, which solves the problem of appearance in the prior art.
  • the texture is single, which leads to the problem of poor visual effect.
  • the diverse appearance requirements of the rear shell can be achieved.
  • the rear shell includes: a substrate layer and a gradient layer; the gradient layer is provided on the substrate layer.
  • the rear case can realize the gradient effect, which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by the single appearance and texture in the prior art.
  • the gradient layer is in a frosted state.
  • the anti-scratch performance and anti-fingerprint performance of the surface of the rear shell can be improved while meeting the diversified requirements of the surface effect of the rear shell.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device at least includes: a display screen, a circuit board, a middle frame, and the above-mentioned rear case; the circuit board is located on the middle frame, and the display screen and the rear shell are respectively located on both sides of the middle frame.
  • the electronic device includes at least a back case, and the back case can achieve a gradient effect by forming a gradient layer on the base material layer during manufacture, and by designing an unused preset gradient pattern Diversified appearance requirements can be realized, and the problem of single appearance and texture in the prior art, which leads to poor visual effects, is solved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rear case in a method for manufacturing a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 6A is a schematic view of a model of a photomask in a method for manufacturing a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • 6B is a schematic structural diagram of a photomask in a method for manufacturing a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an exposure and development process in a method for manufacturing a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a rear case provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 14A is a physical diagram of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 14B is a physical diagram of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 14C is a physical diagram of a rear case provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a disassembled structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 200-mobile phone 21-display; 211-cut hole; 22-middle frame; 221-metal middle plate; 222-frame; 23-circuit board; 24-battery; 100-back shell; 11-first surface; 12 - second surface; 10 - substrate layer; 20 - first protective layer; 201 - gradient layer; 301 - UV light source; 401 - photomask.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a rear case, a rear case, and an electronic device.
  • the rear case can achieve a gradient effect, and by designing an unused preset gradient pattern, it can be realized
  • the diversified appearance requirements solve the problems in the prior art that the appearance texture is single, the visual effect is poor, and it is easy to cause no new breakthrough in the appearance of the product.
  • the appearance quality of the electronic device can be improved, thereby improving the appearance competitiveness of the electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a rear case, and the method for manufacturing the rear case may include:
  • the material used for the base material layer 10 may be a ceramic material or a glass material, etc., and the base material layer 10 may be a molded product after machining the ceramic material or the glass material.
  • S102 may include:
  • S1021 Disposing the first protective layer 20 on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 (see FIG. 5).
  • the first protective layer 20 may be photosensitive ink or photoresist.
  • the photosensitive ink and photoresist are sensitive to ultraviolet rays, and can achieve precise exposure through UV curing.
  • the UV light source 301 is used to irradiate the first protective layer 20 through the photomask 401 with a preset gradient pattern, the photosensitive ink or photoresist can be easily realized.
  • a clear and well-defined predetermined gradient pattern is presented on the substrate layer 10 .
  • the photosensitive ink is also called yellow light ink, which refers to an ink that is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and can be cured by ultraviolet rays. After the ink coating of the photosensitive ink is photosensitively cured and developed, it can be used for the production of personalized and high-precision graphic products after etching, electroplating, electrophoresis and color filling.
  • Photoresist also known as photoresist, is mainly composed of resin, sensitizer and solvent. Photoresist is a photosensitive material used in industrial processes, which is similar to lithography technology. , a patterned coating can be engraved on the surface of the material. Photoresist is usually used in the ultraviolet band or smaller wavelengths (less than 400 nanometers).
  • the photoresist may be a negative-type photoresist.
  • photoresist can be divided into positive photoresist and negative photoresist.
  • the part of positive photoresist exposed to light will dissolve in photoresist developer, but not exposed to light. The part will not dissolve in the photoresist developer.
  • the part of the negative photoresist that is exposed to light will not dissolve in the photoresist developer, and the part that is not exposed to light will dissolve in the photoresist developer.
  • the upper layer of positive photoresist accepts higher energy than the lower positive photoresist, so that most of the images of positive photoresist are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which cannot be obtained by one exposure.
  • the image of the negative photoresist is just the opposite of the positive photoresist image.
  • the upper layer of the negative photoresist accepts lower energy than the lower photoresist, so that most of the images of the negative photoresist are upper wide.
  • the bottom is narrow, so that the pattern can be obtained by one exposure method, so the effect of negative photoresist will be better than that of positive photoresist.
  • S1022 may include:
  • S10221 may include:
  • S10221A Block the photomask 401 with a preset gradient pattern above the first protective layer 20 .
  • the preset gradient pattern on the photomask 401 may be formed in a dot matrix arrangement, the preset gradient pattern is configured as a light-transmitting area, and the photomask 401 is along the gradient direction of the preset gradient pattern, Its transmittance increases or decreases gradually.
  • the dot-matrix arrangement scheme to design the preset gradient pattern on the photomask 401, the density and particle size of the dot-matrix can be designed in different directions according to the actual requirements, so as to realize the transparency of the photomask 401. Graphic gradient for light areas.
  • the density of the dot matrix gradually decreases from left to right, which is beneficial to realize the gradient effect of the light transmission area of the photomask 401 from left to right. It is easy to understand that, in FIG. 6A , the density of the dot matrix gradually decreases from left to right, and the particle size also gradually decreases from left to right, so as to form the pattern area of the photomask 401 in FIG. 6B . Shallow means that the smaller the lattice arrangement density, the greater the luminous flux during exposure.
  • S10221B Using an ultraviolet (Ultraviolet, UV) light source 301 to irradiate the first protective layer 20 through the photomask 401 , so that the first protective layer 20 exhibits a preset gradient pattern on the base material layer 10 .
  • UV ultraviolet
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 8 schematic structural diagrams of the rear case 100 before and after exposure and development are shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 8 , respectively.
  • the UV light source 301 irradiates the first protective layer 20 on the base material layer 10 through the mask 401 in FIG. Gradient pattern.
  • a gradient pattern from large to small and from dense to thin will be formed on the rear case 100 , that is, a gradient layer 201 as shown in FIG. 8 is formed, for example.
  • the UV light source 301 may be a UV parallel light source. The light direction of the parallel light source will not change and there is no attenuation, which is beneficial to achieve uniformity of exposure and development.
  • the gradient layer 201 is formed on the base material layer 10
  • the rear case 100 can be made to achieve a gradient effect, and various appearance requirements can be achieved by designing different preset gradient patterns, which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by a single appearance texture in the prior art.
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case may further include: removing the first protective layer 20 in the unexposed area and retaining the first protective layer 20 in the exposed area. In this way, the exposed gradient pattern on the surface of the rear case 100 can be presented.
  • the unexposed area is the area not irradiated by the UV light source 301
  • the exposed area is the area irradiated by the UV light source 301 .
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case may further include:
  • the gradation layer 201 is frosted so that the gradation layer 201 is in a frosted state, that is, a matte (AG) effect.
  • the gradual frosted effect can improve the rear case while meeting the diverse needs of the CMF effect on the surface of the rear case 100 .
  • the surface of the rear case 100 has better anti-scratch performance.
  • the embodiment of the present application can be less likely to be scratched by hard objects and cause surface scars, and can solve the problem that the appearance effect of the product is reduced due to surface scars in the prior art. Even the mechanical properties of the product are degraded due to surface scars.
  • the surface of the rear case 100 of the embodiment of the present application has better anti-fingerprint performance.
  • the embodiment of the present application can effectively prevent The generation of fingerprints or grease marks, so as to avoid the problem of obvious dirty marks on the surface of the product and reduce the sensory effect of the product.
  • CMF is a subdivision concept of industrial design (ID), in which C represents color, M represents material, and F represents process, that is, the embodiments of the present application can realize multiple elements such as color, material, process, pattern and texture. Combination of chemical and chemical products, carry out product innovation, and realize diversified appearance effects.
  • S103 may include:
  • the gradient layer 201 can make the gradient layer 201 have a matte effect, and different processes can be used to achieve the effect of different roughness, that is, the gradient layer 201 can have different effects frosted state.
  • the first protective layer 20 may be a photosensitive ink or photoresist with anti-acid performance or anti-jetting performance. In this way, adverse effects on the gradation layer 201 can be avoided when the gradation layer 201 is subsequently frosted.
  • the first protective layer 20 has anti-acid performance or anti-spray performance, which can avoid the problem of acidification and corrosion on the gradient layer 201 when the chemical frosting process is used to frost the gradient layer 201, and avoid the use of physical sandblasting. During the frosting process, the problem of jet erosion occurs to the gradient layer 201 . It has excellent acid or galvanic corrosion resistance, and the cured film has excellent adhesion to aluminum foil and strong corrosion resistance to strong acids such as hydrochloric acid.
  • the chemical frosting can be a chemical etching process, that is, the frosting effect can be achieved by partially etching the surface.
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case may further include:
  • the second protective layer may be photosensitive ink or photoresist.
  • the photoresist may be a positive type photoresist or a negative type photoresist, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Covering all the second protective layer on the second surface 12 of the base material layer 10 can avoid subsequent processes (such as sanding treatment or exposure and development of the first protective layer 20 on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 , etc. ) adversely affects the second surface 12 of the substrate layer 10 .
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case may further include:
  • a second protective layer is provided on the second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11, and the second protective layer is completely covered on the second surface 12 of the base material layer 10 by an exposure and development process, and the second protective layer is subjected to
  • the process is simple and convenient, and compared with the way of manually processing residual ink on the surface in the prior art, the improvement of production efficiency, the improvement of process yield, the improvement of process stability and the reduction of use cost are realized.
  • the gradation layer 201 may also be subjected to a polishing process.
  • polishing the gradient layer 201 haze and gloss effects can be achieved.
  • the rear shell 100 can be made to achieve different haze and gloss effects, so as to further meet the needs of various appearance effects, thereby solving the problem of single appearance and texture in the prior art, resulting in visual impairment. less effective problem.
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case provided by the embodiment of the present application may further strengthen the gradation layer 201 .
  • the rear case 100 can have a certain toughness, so as to avoid the problem of poor resistance to beating when the surface of the rear case 100 is brittle.
  • the technological process of the manufacturing method of the rear case is as follows:
  • CNC shape processing refers to the use of CNC milling machine technology to process or fix the basic shape of the rear shell, and its precision is high.
  • the plane polishing refers to performing flatness treatment on the processed and shaped substrate layer 10 to ensure that the first protective layer 20 is subsequently provided on the first surface 11 of the substrate layer 10 or the second protective layer 12 is provided on the second surface 12. Process reliability and operability when layering.
  • the appearance of the glass material can be further improved by processing methods such as silk screen printing, spraying, coating, or film lamination.
  • 3D hot bending refers to the process of heating the composite plate to a specified bending temperature and then bending and re-forming the composite plate.
  • the 3D curved surface polishing refers to performing flatness treatment on the base material layer 10 after 3D hot bending, so as to ensure that the first protective layer 20 is subsequently disposed on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 or the second surface 12 is disposed. Process reliability and operability when the second protective layer is used.
  • the photomask 401 with other design patterns can also form different rear shell effects.
  • the haze of the rear shell 100 may gradually increase from top to bottom, and the transmittance will gradually decrease, and the middle area to the left and right sides The regional haze gradually decreased and the transmittance increased gradually.
  • the above-mentioned rear case 100 can exhibit different textures and light and shadow effects after lamination with decorative films with different color effects (refer to FIG. 14A , FIG. 14B and FIG. 14C ).
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a rear case 100 , and the rear case 100 can be manufactured by using the manufacturing method of the rear case in the above-mentioned first embodiment.
  • the rear case 100 may include: a base material layer 10 and a first protective layer 20 , wherein the first protective layer 20 is located on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 , and The first protective layer 20 is a gradient layer 201 with a preset gradient pattern disposed on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 .
  • the rear case 100 can be made to realize a gradient effect, and various appearance requirements can be realized by designing different preset gradient patterns, which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by a single appearance texture in the prior art.
  • the graded layer 201 may be in a frosted state.
  • the gradient layer 201 is in a frosted state, which enables the rear case 100 to improve the anti-scratch performance and the anti-fingerprint performance of the surface of the rear case 100 while fulfilling various requirements for surface effects.
  • the haze of the rear case 100 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the transmittance gradually decreases, and the haze from the middle area to the left and right sides gradually decreases, and the transmittance gradually increases, so that It not only achieves a variety of appearance effects, but also effectively improves the anti-scratch and anti-fingerprint performance of the outer surface.
  • the above-mentioned rear case 100 can also exhibit different textures and light and shadow effects after lamination with decorative films with different color effects (see FIGS. 14A , 14B and 14C ).
  • the rear case 100 may adopt an aurora dazzling texture, which presents gradually enhanced light and shadow effects from top to bottom.
  • the rear case 100 can adopt a Fresnel texture, and the light and shadow effect around the camera is the strongest, and the camera position is the center of the circle, and the light and shadow effect gradually weakens from the camera position to the surrounding.
  • the rear case 100 has no light and shadow effect, and has a pyramid-shaped texture effect.
  • the rear case 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the rear case in the above-mentioned first embodiment.
  • the layer 20 presents a preset gradient pattern on the base material layer 10 to form a gradient layer 201 on the base material layer 10, so that the rear case 100 can achieve a gradient effect, and various appearance requirements can be achieved by designing different preset gradient patterns. , which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by the single appearance and texture in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, and an ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer).
  • UMPC ultra-mobile personal computer
  • handheld computers walkie-talkies, netbooks, point of sales (Point of sales, POS) machines, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistant, PDA), wearable devices, virtual reality devices, wireless U disks, Bluetooth speakers/headphones,
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • wearable devices virtual reality devices
  • wireless U disks wireless U disks
  • Bluetooth speakers/headphones Or a mobile or fixed terminal having the rear case 100 in the second embodiment above, such as a vehicle-mounted front-mounted device, a driving recorder, a security device, and the like.
  • the mobile phone 200 is taken as an example of the electronic device for description.
  • the mobile phone 200 provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a curved screen mobile phone or a flat screen mobile phone.
  • a flat screen mobile phone is used as an example for description.
  • 15 and 16 respectively show the overall structure and the split structure of the mobile phone 200.
  • the display screen 21 of the mobile phone 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a water drop screen, a notch screen, a full screen or a hole-punch screen. Referring to FIG. 15 , the display screen 21 is provided with an opening 211 , and the following description takes a hole-digging screen as an example for description.
  • the mobile phone 200 may at least include: a display screen 21 , a middle frame 22 , a circuit board 23 and the rear case 100 in the second embodiment, wherein the circuit board 23 may be disposed on the middle frame 22 , for example, a circuit
  • the board 23 can be arranged on the side of the middle frame 22 facing the rear case 100 (as shown in FIG. 16 ), or the circuit board 23 can be arranged on the side of the middle frame 22 facing the display screen 21 , and the display screen 21 and the rear case 100 are respectively located on the side of the middle frame 22 . Both sides of the middle frame 22 .
  • the manufacturing method of the rear case of the mobile phone 200 may further include a battery 24, and the battery 24 may be disposed on the side of the middle frame 22 facing the rear case 100 (as shown in FIG. 16), or the battery 24 may be disposed in The side of the middle frame 22 facing the display screen 21 , for example, the side of the middle frame 22 facing the rear case 100 may have a battery compartment (not shown in the figure), and the battery 24 is installed in the battery compartment.
  • the battery 24 can be connected to the charging management module and the circuit board 23 through the power management module, and the power management module receives the input of the battery 24 and/or the charging management module, and provides the processor, internal memory, external memory, display screen 21, camera, etc. modules and communication modules.
  • the power management module can also be used to monitor parameters such as the capacity of the battery 24, the number of cycles of the battery 24, the state of health of the battery 24 (leakage, impedance).
  • the power management module may also be provided in the processor of the circuit board 23 .
  • the power management module and the charging management module may also be provided in the same device.
  • the display screen 21 can be an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display screen, or can be a liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD), when the mobile phone 200 is a curved screen mobile phone , the display screen 21 may be an OLED display screen.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • the middle frame 22 may include a metal middle plate 221 and a frame 222 , and the frame 222 is arranged around the outer circumference of the metal middle plate 221 for a circle.
  • the frame 222 may include a top frame, a bottom frame, a left frame and a right frame, and the top frame, the bottom frame, the left frame and the right frame enclose the frame 222 in a square ring structure.
  • the material of the metal middle plate 221 includes, but is not limited to, aluminum plate, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, steel-aluminum composite die-casting plate, titanium alloy or magnesium alloy, and the like.
  • the frame 222 may be a metal frame, a ceramic frame, or a glass frame.
  • the material of the metal frame includes, but is not limited to, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, steel-aluminum composite die-casting plate, or titanium alloy.
  • the metal middle plate 221 and the frame 222 may be clamped, welded, bonded or integrally formed, or the metal middle plate 221 and the frame 222 may be fixedly connected by injection molding.
  • the back case 100 may be a metal back cover, a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or a ceramic back cover.
  • the material of the back case 100 is not limited, and Not limited to the above examples.
  • the back cover 100 of the mobile phone 200 may be connected with the frame 222 to form a unibody back cover.
  • the mobile phone 200 may include: a display screen 21 , a metal middle plate 221 and a battery cover.
  • the frame 222 and the rear case 100 can be formed by integral molding (Unibody), so that the circuit board 23 and the battery 24 are located in the space enclosed by the metal middle plate 221 and the battery cover.
  • the electronic device may include at least a rear case 100 , and the rear case 100 is manufactured by disposing the first protective layer 20 on the first surface 11 of the base material layer 10 and making the first protective layer 100 .
  • the layer 20 presents a preset gradient pattern on the base material layer 10 to form a gradient layer 201 on the base material layer 10, so that the rear case 100 can achieve a gradient effect, and various appearance requirements can be achieved by designing different preset gradient patterns. , which solves the problem of poor visual effect caused by the single appearance and texture in the prior art.
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the mobile phone 200 .
  • the mobile phone 200 may include more or less components than shown, or combine some components, or separate some components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备，该后壳通过在基材层上形成渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。

Description

后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备
本申请要求于2021年02月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110214856.9、申请名称为“后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信设备技术领域，特别涉及一种后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，手机、电脑等电子设备已经和我们的生活密不可分，生活中随处可见，且极大地提高了人们的生活水平。以手机为例，手机一般包括显示屏、中框、电路板以及后壳，其中，电路板可以设置在中框上，且显示屏和后壳分别位于中框的两侧。
现有技术中，手机的后壳一般采用普通的玻璃或陶瓷材料进行机械加工制成，其中，若需将手机后壳设计为曲面结构，再采用热弯工艺将后壳加工为曲面后壳，然后采用平面抛光工艺或曲面抛光工艺在玻璃或陶瓷材料的表面进行进一步加工，使其表面呈现出光滑和高亮的效果。
然而，采用上述方案时，后壳的表面质感单一，导致视觉效果较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备，实现了后壳的渐变效果和多样化外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种后壳的制作方法，该后壳的制作方法包括：提供基材层；在所述基材层上形成渐变层。
本申请实施例提供的后壳的制作方法，通过在基材层上形成渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述在所述基材层上形成渐变层，包括：在所述基材层的第一表面上设置第一保护层；使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案，以形成所述渐变层。通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现后壳的多样化的外观需求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案，包括：采用曝光显影工艺使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述采用曝光显影工艺使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案包括：将具有预设渐变图案的光罩挡设在所述第一保护层的上方；采用UV光源透过所述光罩对所述第一保护层进行照射，使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光罩上的所述预设渐变图案采用点阵排列的方式形成，所述预设渐变图案被配置为透光区域；且所述光罩沿着所述预设渐变图案的渐变方向，透 光率逐渐增大或逐渐减小。通过将光罩上预设渐变图案的设计采用点阵排列的方案进行，可以根据实际需求对点阵的密集度和颗粒度大小按不同的方向进行渐变排布设计，以实现光罩透光区域的图形渐变。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一保护层为感光油墨或光阻。感光油墨和光阻对紫外线敏感，能够通过紫外线固化，采用UV光源透过具有预设渐变图案的光罩对第一保护层进行照射时，感光油墨或光阻能够易于实现在基材层上呈现预设渐变图案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光阻为负型光阻。在光学曝光方式下，负型光阻上层接受能量较下层光阻低，使得负型光阻成像大部分图形为上宽下窄，这样经一次曝光方式即可得到图形，曝光显影效果较优。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一保护层为具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能的感光油墨或光阻。通过将第一保护层设置为具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能的感光油墨或光阻，能够避免后续对渐变层进行磨砂处理时对渐变层造成不良影响。第一保护层具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能能够避免采用化学蒙砂工艺对渐变层进行磨砂处理时，对渐变层产生酸化腐蚀的问题，避免采用物理喷砂工艺对渐变层进行磨砂处理时，对渐变层产生喷射冲蚀的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述在所述基材层上形成渐变层之后，还包括：对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态。
通过对渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使渐变层呈磨砂态，能够在实现后壳表面效果的多样化需求的同时，提升后壳表面抗刮伤性能以及防指纹性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态包括：采用化学蒙砂工艺或物理喷砂工艺对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述在所述基材层的第一表面上设置第一保护层之前，还包括：在所述基材层的第二表面上设置第二保护层；采用曝光显影工艺使所述第二保护层全部覆盖在所述基材层的第二表面上；其中，所述第二表面为与所述第一表面相背的一面。
通过在与第一表面相背的第二表面上设置第二保护层，并采用曝光显影工艺使第二保护层全部覆盖在基材层的第二表面上，相比于现有技术中人工处理表面残留油墨的方式，实现了生产效率的提高以及使用成本的降低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态之后，还包括：将所述基材层的第二表面上的所述第二保护层去除。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二保护层为感光油墨或光阻。通过将第二保护层设置为感光油墨或光阻，采用曝光显影工艺使第二保护层全部覆盖在基材层的第二表面上，相比于现有技术中人工处理表面残留油墨的方式，能够在一定程度上实现生产效率的提高以及使用成本的降低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态之后，还包括：对所述渐变层进行抛光处理。
通过对渐变层进行抛光处理，能够实现雾度和光泽度效果。且通过调整不同的化学抛光工艺或不同的工艺参数，能够使得后壳达到不同的雾度以及光泽度效果，进一步实现多样化的外观效果需求，进而解决现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述对所述渐变层进行抛光处理之前或之后，还包括：对 所述渐变层进行强化处理。
通过对渐变层进行强化处理，能够使得后壳具有一定的韧性，避免后壳表面较脆时抗摔打性能较差的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述UV光源为UV平行光源。平行光源的光线方向不会改变，没有衰减，有利于实现曝光显影的均匀度。
本申请实施例第二方面提供一种后壳，该后壳采用上述任一所述的后壳的制作方法所制成。
本申请实施例提供的后壳，采用上述任一所述的后壳的制作方法所制成，通过在基材层上形成渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。且通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现后壳的多样化的外观需求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述后壳包括：基材层以及渐变层；所述渐变层设置在所述基材层上。
通过后壳包括基材层以及设置在所述基材层上的渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述渐变层呈磨砂态。通过渐变层呈磨砂态，能够在实现后壳表面效果的多样化需求的同时，提升后壳表面抗刮伤性能以及防指纹性能。
本申请实施例第三方面提供一种电子设备，该电子设备至少包括：显示屏、电路板、中框以及上述所述的后壳；所述电路板位于所述中框上，所述显示屏和所述后壳分别位于所述中框的两侧。
本申请实施例提供的电子设备，该电子设备至少包括后壳，该后壳在制作时通过在基材层上形成渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，且通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
结合附图，根据下文描述的实施例，示例性实施例的这些和其它方面、实施形式和优点将变得显而易见。但应了解，说明书和附图仅用于说明并且不作为对本申请实施例的限制的定义，详见随附的权利要求书。本申请实施例的其它方面和优点将在以下描述中阐述，而且部分将从描述中显而易见，或通过本申请实施例的实践得知。此外，本申请实施例的各方面和优点可以通过所附权利要求书中特别指出的手段和组合得以实现和获得。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法中后壳的截面示意图；
图6A为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法中光罩的模型示意图；
图6B为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法中光罩的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法中曝光显影工艺的工作原理示意图；
图8为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的截面示意图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的制作方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的结构示意图；
图14A为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的实物图；
图14B为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的实物图；
图14C为本申请一实施例提供的后壳的实物图；
图15为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的整体结构示意图；
图16为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的拆分结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
200-手机；21-显示屏；211-开孔；22-中框；221-金属中板；222-边框；23-电路板；24-电池；100-后壳；11-第一表面；12-第二表面；10-基材层；20-第一保护层；201-渐变层；301-UV光源；401-光罩。
具体实施方式
本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
手机、电脑等电子设备日渐成为现代人生活的必需品之一，在现代生活、工作联络等各种状况下作用愈来愈重要，而手机的美观度，例如手机后壳的美观性直接影响着消费者的购买欲望，为了实现手机的外观美观性，手机产品的外观主体材质已经全面走向玻璃或陶瓷材质，即手机的外表面全部使用玻璃材质或陶瓷材质制成，而由于玻璃材质或陶瓷材质的新工艺处理方式对外观效果的影响非常大，进而对产品的竞争力和差异化至关重要，所以，每个终端厂商都在寻求工艺的突破。
目前电子设备的后壳在加工时，一般是将玻璃及陶瓷类型材料机械加工为后壳产品形状后，在后壳产品的外观面直接采用精密抛光工艺进行处理，使其表面呈现出光滑高亮效果，然而这样生产出来的产品表面效果单一，视觉效果较差，容易造成产品的外观没有新的突破，即后壳产品应用到手机等电子设备上时，电子设备的外观质量没有得到提升，从而造成电子设备的外观缺乏竞争力。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备，通过在基材层上形成渐变层，能够使得后壳实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，视觉效果较差，容易造成产品的外观没有新的突破的问题。本申请实施例提供的后壳应用到电子设备上时，电子设备的外观质量能够得到提升，从而能够提升电子设备的外观竞争力。
下面结合附图，以不同的实施例为例，对该后壳的制作方法、后壳的具体结构以及电子设备的具体结构进行介绍。
实施例一
参照图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种后壳的制作方法，该后壳的制作方法可以包括：
S101：提供基材层10。
其中，基材层10所采用的材料可以为陶瓷材料或玻璃材料等，且基材层10可以是对陶 瓷材料或玻璃材料进行机械加工后的成型产品。
S102：在基材层10上形成渐变层201。
具体地，如图2所示，S102可以包括：
S1021：在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20(参见图5所示)。
在本申请实施例中，第一保护层20可以为感光油墨或光阻。感光油墨和光阻对紫外线敏感，且能够通过紫外线固化实现精密曝光，采用UV光源301透过具有预设渐变图案的光罩401对第一保护层20进行照射时，感光油墨或光阻能够易于实现在基材层10上呈现清晰且轮廓分明的预设渐变图案。
需要说明的是，感光油墨又称黄光油墨，其是指对紫外线敏感，并且能通过紫外线固化的一种油墨。感光油墨的油墨涂层感光固化、显影后，可进行蚀刻、电镀、电泳填色等处理后应用于个性化及高精度图形产品的制作。
光阻又称为光阻剂，主要由树脂(resin)，感光剂(sensitizer)，溶剂(solvent)三种成分混合而成，光阻是应用在工业制程上的光敏材料，其类似光刻技术，可以在材料表面刻上一个图案的被覆层。光阻通常使用在紫外光波段或更小的波长(小于400纳米)。
其中，作为一种可选的实施方式，光阻可以为负型光阻。
需要说明的是，光阻可分为正型光阻(positive photoresist)和负型光阻(negative photoresist)，正型光阻照到光的部分会溶于光阻显影液，而没有照到光的部分不会溶于光阻显影液。负型光阻照到光的部分不会溶于光阻显影液，而没有照到光的部分会溶于光阻显影液。
对于正型光阻，在光学曝光方式下，正型光阻剂上层接受能量较下层正型光阻高，使得正型光阻成像大部分图形为上窄下宽，无法经一次曝光方式即得到图形，而负型光阻的成像恰好与正型光阻图像相反，在光学曝光方式下，负型光阻剂上层接受能量较下层光阻低，使得负型光阻成像大部分图形为上宽下窄，这样经一次曝光方式即可得到图形，所以负型光阻的效果会更优于正型光阻。
S1022：使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案，以形成渐变层201。
具体地，如图3所示，S1022可以包括：
S10221：采用曝光显影工艺使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案，以形成渐变层201。
其中，如图4所示，S10221可以包括：
S10221A：将具有预设渐变图案的光罩401挡设在第一保护层20的上方。
在本申请实施例中，光罩401上的预设渐变图案可以采用点阵排列的方式形成，预设渐变图案被配置为透光区域，且光罩401沿着预设渐变图案的渐变方向，其透光率逐渐增大或逐渐减小。通过将光罩401上预设渐变图案的设计采用点阵排列的方案进行，可以根据实际需求对点阵的密集度和颗粒度大小按不同的方向进行渐变排布设计，以实现光罩401透光区域的图形渐变。
例如，如图6A和图6B所示的光罩401，其从左至右的点阵的密集度逐渐减小，有利于实现光罩401透光区域从左至右的渐变效果。容易理解的是，图6A中，点阵的密集度从左至右逐渐减小，颗粒度大小从左至右也逐渐减小，以此形成图6B中光罩401的图案区，其颜色越浅代表点阵排列密度越小，则曝光过程中光通量越大。
S10221B：采用紫外线(Ultraviolet，UV)光源301透过光罩401对第一保护层20进行照射，使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案。
具体地，曝光显影前后的后壳100的结构示意图分别如图5和图8所示。参照图7所示，UV光源301透过图6B中的光罩401对位于基材层10上的第一保护层20进行照射，以使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案。通过此设计，显影后，后壳100上会形成从大到小，从密到稀的渐变图案，即例如形成如图8所示的渐变层201。其中，UV光源301可以为UV平行光源。平行光源的光线方向不会改变，没有衰减，有利于实现曝光显影的均匀度。
通过在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20，并使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案，以在基材层10上形成渐变层201，能够使得后壳100实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
另外，在一些实施例中，在S10221之后，该后壳的制作方法还可以包括：将未曝光区域的第一保护层20去除，将曝光区域的第一保护层20保留。这样即可实现将曝光后的后壳100表面的渐变图形呈现出来。其中，未曝光区域为UV光源301未照射到的区域，曝光区域为UV光源301照射到的区域。
在本申请实施例中，如图9所示，在S102之后，该后壳的制作方法还可以包括：
S103：对渐变层201进行磨砂处理，以使渐变层201呈磨砂态。
通过对渐变层201进行磨砂处理，以使渐变层201呈磨砂态，即哑光(AG)效果，该渐变的磨砂效果能够在实现后壳100表面CMF效果的多样化需求的同时，提升后壳100表面抗刮伤性能以及防指纹性能。
其中，后壳100表面抗划伤性能较佳，相对于现有技术，本申请实施例能够不易于被硬物刮擦导致表面伤痕，能够解决现有技术中因表面伤痕导致产品外观效果降低，甚至因为表面伤痕导致产品的机械性能下降等问题。本申请实施例的后壳100表面防指纹性能较佳，相较于现有技术中后壳表面光滑高亮，当人手或皮肤直接抚摸或接触后壳100表面时，本申请实施例能够有效防止指纹或油脂印的产生，从而避免产品表面外观脏污印记明显，降低产品感官效果的问题。
需要说明的是，CMF是工业设计(ID)的细分概念，其中，C代表颜色，M代表材料，F代表工艺，即本申请实施例能够实现色彩、材料、工艺、图案纹理等元素的多元化结合，进行产品创新，实现多样化的外观效果。
在本申请实施例中，如图10所示，S103可以包括：
S1031：采用化学蒙砂工艺或物理喷砂工艺对渐变层201进行磨砂处理，以使渐变层201呈磨砂态。
采用化学蒙砂工艺或物理喷砂工艺对渐变层201进行磨砂处理，可以使渐变层201呈现雾面效果，而且采用不同的工艺可以实现不同粗糙度的效果，即可使渐变层201呈不同效果的磨砂态。
其中，第一保护层20可以为具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能的感光油墨或光阻。这样能够避免后续对渐变层201进行磨砂处理时对渐变层201造成不良影响。
第一保护层20具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能能够避免采用化学蒙砂工艺对渐变层201进行磨砂处理时，对渐变层201产生酸化腐蚀的问题，避免采用物理喷砂工艺对渐变层201进 行磨砂处理时，对渐变层201产生喷射冲蚀的问题。具有优异的抗酸性或抗电蚀性，固化膜对铝箔有优异的附着力，对盐酸等强酸有极强的抗蚀性。
另外，需要说明的是，化学蒙砂可以是一种化学蚀刻工艺，即可以通过对表面进行部分蚀刻以达到磨砂的效果。
在本申请实施例中，参见图11所示，在S1021之前，该后壳的制作方法还可以包括：
S201：在基材层10的第二表面12上设置第二保护层。
在本申请实施例中，第二保护层可以为感光油墨或光阻。其中，光阻可以为正型光阻也可以为负型光阻，本申请实施例对此并不加以限定。
S202：采用曝光显影工艺使第二保护层全部覆盖在基材层10的第二表面12上。其中，第二表面12为与第一表面11相背的一面。
将第二保护层全部覆盖在基材层10的第二表面12上，能够避免后续工艺(例如磨砂处理或对位于基材层10的第一表面11上的第一保护层20进行曝光显影等)对基材层10的第二表面12产生不良影响。
在本申请实施例中，参见图12所示，在S103之后，该后壳的制作方法还可以包括：
S104：将基材层10的第二表面12上的第二保护层去除。
在与第一表面11相背的第二表面12上设置第二保护层，并采用曝光显影工艺使第二保护层全部覆盖在基材层10的第二表面12上，对第二保护层进行去除时，工艺简单便捷，相比于现有技术中人工处理表面残留油墨的方式，实现了生产效率的提高、工艺良率的提高、工艺稳定性的提高以及使用成本的降低。
另外，在本申请实施例中，对渐变层201进行磨砂处理，以使渐变层201呈磨砂态之后，还可以对渐变层201进行抛光处理。通过对渐变层201进行抛光处理，能够实现雾度和光泽度效果。且通过调整不同的化学抛光工艺或不同的工艺参数，能够使得后壳100达到不同的雾度以及光泽度效果，进一步实现多样化的外观效果需求，进而解决现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
而且，对渐变层201进行抛光处理之前或之后，本申请实施例提供的后壳的制作方法还可以对渐变层201进行强化处理。通过对渐变层201进行强化处理，能够使得后壳100具有一定的韧性，避免后壳100表面较脆时抗摔打性能较差的问题。
基于上述描述，本申请实施例中，后壳的制作方法的工艺流程具体如下：
CNC外形或结构加工——平面抛光——喷涂或印刷第二保护层——曝光显影——喷涂或印刷第一保护层——曝光显影——化学蒙砂或物理喷砂——去除第二保护层——化学抛光——化学强化——丝印、镀膜、喷涂或膜片贴合等。
需要说明的是，CNC外形加工指的是采用数控铣床技术对后壳的基本形状进行加工或固定，其精密度较高。平面抛光指的是对加工成型后的基材层10进行平整度处理，以保证后续在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20或在第二表面12上设置第二保护层时的工艺可靠性和可操作性。
可以理解的是，通过丝印、喷涂、镀膜、或膜片贴合等处理方式可以对玻璃材质的外观进行进一步改善。
上述工艺流程针对于平面结构的外壳100，而对于，曲面结构的外壳100，其对应的工艺流程如下：
CNC外形或结构加工——3D热弯成型——3D曲面抛光——喷涂或印刷第二保护层——曝光显影——喷涂或印刷第一保护层——曝光显影——化学蒙砂或物理喷砂——去除第二保护层——化学抛光——化学强化——丝印、镀膜、喷涂或3D膜片贴合等。
需要说明的是，3D热弯成型是指把复合板加热至规定弯曲温度下再使该复合板弯曲重新成型的过程。3D曲面抛光指的是对3D热弯成型后的基材层10进行平整度处理，以保证后续在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20或在第二表面12上设置第二保护层时的工艺可靠性和可操作性。
这样，即可形成如图13所示的后壳效果。另外，使用其它设计图案的光罩401还可以形成不同的后壳效果，例如，可以是后壳100从上至下雾度逐渐变大，透过率逐渐变小，且中间区域至左右两侧区域雾度逐渐降低，透过率逐渐变大。而且，上述后壳100配合不同颜色效果的装饰膜片贴合后可呈现出不同的纹理及光影效果(参见图14A、图14B和图14C所示)。
实施例二
参照图8和图13所示，本申请实施例提供一种后壳100，该后壳100可以采用上述实施例一中的后壳的制作方法所制成。
在本申请实施例中，如图8所示，后壳100可以包括：基材层10以及第一保护层20，其中，第一保护层20位于基材层10的第一表面11上，且第一保护层20为设置在基材层10的第一表面11上的具有预设渐变图案的渐变层201。
这样，能够使得后壳100实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在本申请实施例中，渐变层201可以呈磨砂态。渐变层201呈磨砂态，能够使得后壳100在实现表面效果的多样化需求的同时，提升后壳100表面抗刮伤性能以及防指纹性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，后壳100从上至下雾度逐渐变大，透过率逐渐变小，且中间区域至左右两侧区域雾度逐渐降低，透过率逐渐变大，这样既实现了多样化的外观效果，同时也有效提高了外表面的抗划伤和抗指纹性能。
另外，上述后壳100配合不同颜色效果的装饰膜片贴合后还能够呈现出不同的纹理及光影效果(参见图14A、图14B和图14C所示)。示例性地，如图14A所示，后壳100可以采用极光炫彩纹理，其从上至下呈现逐渐增强的光影效果。如图14B所示，后壳100可以采用菲尼尔纹理，其摄像头周围的光影效果最强，且以摄像头位置处为圆心，从摄像头位置处至四周呈现逐渐减弱的涟漪状光影效果。如图14B所示，后壳100无光影效果，其呈金字塔型的纹理效果。
本申请实施例提供的后壳100，采用上述实施例一中的后壳的制作方法所制成，通过在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20，并使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案，以在基材层10上形成渐变层201，能够使得后壳100实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在本申请实施例二中，其他技术特征与实施例一相同，并能取得相同或相应的技术效果，此处不再一一赘述。
实施例三
在上述实施例一和实施例二的基础上，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括但不限于为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、手持计算机、对讲机、上网本、销售点(Point of sales，POS)机、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实设备、无线U盘、蓝牙音响/耳机、或车载前装、行车记录仪、安防设备等具有上述实施例二中的后壳100的移动或固定终端。
其中，以手机200为该电子设备为例进行说明，本申请实施例提供的手机200可以为曲面屏手机也可以为平面屏手机，本申请实施例中以平面屏手机为例进行说明。图15和图16分别示出了手机200的整体结构和拆分结构，本申请实施例提供的手机200的显示屏21可以为水滴屏、刘海屏、全面屏或者挖孔屏。参见图15所示，显示屏21上开设有开孔211，下述描述以挖孔屏为例进行说明。
参见图16所示，手机200至少可以包括：显示屏21、中框22、电路板23和上述实施例二中的后壳100，其中，电路板23可以设置在中框22上，例如，电路板23可以设置在中框22朝向后壳100的一面上(如图16所示)，或者电路板23可以设置在中框22朝向显示屏21的一面上，显示屏21和后壳100分别位于中框22的两侧。在一些其它的示例中，手机200该后壳的制作方法还可以包括电池24，电池24可以设在中框22朝向后壳100的一面上(如图16所示)，或者电池24可以设置在中框22朝向显示屏21的一面上，例如中框22朝向后壳100的一面可以具有电池仓(图中未示出)，电池24安装在电池仓中。
其中，电池24可以通过电源管理模块与充电管理模块和电路板23相连，电源管理模块接收电池24和/或充电管理模块的输入，并为处理器、内部存储器、外部存储器、显示屏21、摄像模组以及通信模块等供电。电源管理模块还可以用于监测电池24容量，电池24循环次数，电池24健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块也可以设置于电路板23的处理器中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块和充电管理模块也可以设置于同一个器件中。
当手机200为平面屏手机时，显示屏21可以为有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏，也可以为液晶显示屏(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)，当手机200为曲面屏手机时，显示屏21可以为OLED显示屏。
继续参照图16，中框22可以包括金属中板221和边框222，边框222围绕金属中板221的外周设置一周。一般地，边框222可以包括顶边框、底边框、左侧边框和右侧边框，顶边框、底边框、左侧边框和右侧边框围成方环结构的边框222。其中，金属中板221的材料包括但不限于为铝板、铝合金、不锈钢、钢铝复合压铸板、钛合金或镁合金等。边框222可以为金属边框，也可以为陶瓷边框，还可以为玻璃边框。当边框222为金属边框时，金属边框的材料包括但不限于为铝合金、不锈钢、钢铝复合压铸板或钛合金等。其中，金属中板221和边框222之间可以卡接、焊接、粘合或一体成型，或者金属中板221与边框222之间可以通过注塑固定相连。
后壳100可以为金属后盖，也可以为玻璃后盖，还可以为塑料后盖，或者，还可以为 陶瓷后盖，本申请实施例中，对后壳100的材质并不加以限定，也不限于上述示例。
需要说明的是，在一些示例中，手机200的后壳100可以与边框222相连形成一体成型(Unibody)后盖，例如手机200可以包括：显示屏21、金属中板221和电池盖，电池盖可以为边框222和后壳100一体成型(Unibody)形成的后盖，这样电路板23和电池24位于金属中板221和电池盖围成的空间中。
本申请实施例提供的电子设备，该电子设备至少可以包括后壳100，该后壳100在制作时通过在基材层10的第一表面11上设置第一保护层20，并使第一保护层20在基材层10上呈现预设渐变图案，以在基材层10上形成渐变层201，能够使得后壳100实现渐变效果，通过设计不用的预设渐变图案能够实现多样化的外观需求，解决了现有技术中外观质感单一，导致视觉效果较差的问题。
在本申请实施例中，其他技术特征与实施例一或实施例二相同，并能取得相同或相应的技术效果，此处不再一一赘述。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对手机200的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，手机200可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“相连”应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定相连，也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或者两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例或者暗示所指的装置或者元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非是另有精确具体地规定。
本申请实施例的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请实施例的实施例例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请实施例进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请实施例各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供基材层；
    在所述基材层上形成渐变层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在所述基材层上形成渐变层，包括：
    在所述基材层的第一表面上设置第一保护层；
    使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案，以形成所述渐变层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案，包括：
    采用曝光显影工艺使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述采用曝光显影工艺使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案，包括：
    将具有预设渐变图案的光罩挡设在所述第一保护层的上方；
    采用UV光源透过所述光罩对所述第一保护层进行照射，使所述第一保护层在所述基材层上呈现预设渐变图案。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述光罩上的所述预设渐变图案采用点阵排列的方式形成，所述预设渐变图案被配置为透光区域；
    且所述光罩沿着所述预设渐变图案的渐变方向，透光率逐渐增大或逐渐减小。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述第一保护层为感光油墨或光阻。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述光阻为负型光阻。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述第一保护层为具有抗酸性能或抗喷射性能的感光油墨或光阻。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在所述基材层上形成渐变层之后，还包括：
    对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态包括：
    采用化学蒙砂工艺或物理喷砂工艺对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述在所述基材层的第一表面上设置第一保护层之前，还包括：
    在所述基材层的第二表面上设置第二保护层；
    采用曝光显影工艺使所述第二保护层全部覆盖在所述基材层的第二表面上；
    其中，所述第二表面为与所述第一表面相背的一面。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态之后，还包括：
    将所述基材层的第二表面上的所述第二保护层去除。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述第二保护层为感光油墨或光阻。
  14. 根据权利要求9或10所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述对所述渐变层进行磨砂处理，以使所述渐变层呈磨砂态之后，还包括：
    对所述渐变层进行抛光处理。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述对所述渐变层进行抛光处理之前或之后，还包括：
    对所述渐变层进行强化处理。
  16. 根据权利要求4或5所述的后壳的制作方法，其特征在于，所述UV光源为UV平行光源。
  17. 一种后壳，其特征在于，采用上述权利要求1-16任一所述的后壳的制作方法所制成。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的后壳，其特征在于，所述后壳包括：基材层以及渐变层；所述渐变层设置在所述基材层上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的后壳，其特征在于，所述渐变层呈磨砂态。
  20. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，至少包括：显示屏、电路板、中框以及上述权利要求17-19任一所述的后壳；
    所述电路板位于所述中框上，所述显示屏和所述后壳分别位于所述中框的两侧。
  21. 一种程序产品，其特征在于，所述程序产品包括计算机程序，所述计算机程序存储在可读存储介质中，通信装置的至少一个处理器可以从所述可读存储介质读取所述计算机程序，所述至少一个处理器执行所述计算机程序使得通信装置实施如权利要求1-16任意一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/129120 2021-02-26 2021-11-05 后壳的制作方法、后壳及电子设备 WO2022179172A1 (zh)

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