WO2022149528A1 - 導電性高分子組成物 - Google Patents
導電性高分子組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022149528A1 WO2022149528A1 PCT/JP2021/048586 JP2021048586W WO2022149528A1 WO 2022149528 A1 WO2022149528 A1 WO 2022149528A1 JP 2021048586 W JP2021048586 W JP 2021048586W WO 2022149528 A1 WO2022149528 A1 WO 2022149528A1
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- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001422 pyrrolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
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- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiglic acid Natural products CC(C)=C(C)C(O)=O UAXOELSVPTZZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/02—Polyamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/026—Wholly aromatic polyamines
- C08G73/0266—Polyanilines or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L65/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/128—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising six-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polyanilines, polyphenylenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive polymer composition.
- Conductive polymers are used as conductive inks for capacitors such as solid electrolytes, electromagnetic wave absorption coating agents, antistatic coating agents, electrolytic plating base materials, and circuit wiring applications.
- polyaniline which is a type of conductive polymer, has the advantages that it can be synthesized relatively easily from inexpensive aniline and that it exhibits excellent stability against oxygen and the like while exhibiting conductivity. Has. For example, a highly conductive polyaniline can be easily obtained by the method described in Patent Document 1.
- Conductive polymers are generally insoluble and insoluble in solvents and difficult to mold.
- water-dispersible type and organic solvent-soluble type conductive polymers have been developed, and along with the improvement of moldability and processability, a conductive polymer film is formed by coating, printing, etc., and the conductivity is high.
- Various functionalities are imparted to the molecular membrane.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a conductive polymer composition having excellent solubility of a conductive polymer.
- the following conductive polymer compositions are provided.
- 1. It contains (a) a conductive polymer and (b) a solvent, the component (b) contains a tertiary alcohol, and the content ratio of the tertiary alcohol in the whole of the component (b) is 1% by mass.
- a conductive polymer composition having an ultra-70% by mass or less.
- 2. The conductive polymer composition according to 1, wherein the component (b) contains a water-immiscible organic solvent. 3.
- 3. 2.
- the conductive polymer composition according to 2 wherein the content ratio of the water-immiscible organic solvent to the tertiary alcohol is 98 to 20: 2 to 80 by mass ratio. 4.
- the ratio of the content of the component (a) to the content of the component (b) is 0.0001 to 0.5 by mass ratio.
- the tertiary alcohol is tert-amyl alcohol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-hexanol, 2-methyl-.
- the aromatic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, anisole, cumene and benzyl alcohol. 9. 7.
- the component (a) comprises 1 or more selected from the group consisting of polyaniline, polyaniline derivative, polythiophene, polythiophene derivative, polypyrrole and polypyrrole derivative. 12.
- the proton donor is a sulfonic acid or a sulfonate.
- the sulfonic acid or sulfonate is a sulfosuccinic acid derivative represented by the following formula (III).
- M is a hydrogen atom, an organic free group or an inorganic free group
- m is a valence of M
- R 12 and R 13 are independently hydrocarbon groups or-(, respectively.
- R 14 O A group represented by r -R 15
- R 14 is a hydrocarbon group or a silylene group
- R 15 is a hydrogen atom , a hydrocarbon group or a group represented by R163 Si-.
- R 16 is a hydrocarbon group, the three R 16s may be the same or different
- r is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
- ITO electrode indium tin oxide electrode
- x to y represents a numerical range of "x or more and y or less”.
- the conductive polymer composition according to one aspect of the present invention contains the following components (a) and (b).
- the component (b) contains a tertiary alcohol, and the content ratio of the tertiary alcohol in the whole component (b) is more than 1% by mass and 70% by mass or less. be.
- composition is conductive by containing tertiary alcohol in the component (b) in the above-mentioned predetermined range.
- the solubility of the polymer (component (a)) in the solvent (component (b)) is improved. Therefore, the composition of this embodiment is excellent in handleability because it is easy to obtain a desired conductive polymer concentration and it is difficult for precipitation and residual powder to occur.
- the polarity of the entire solvent can be controlled, whereby the component (b) of the conductive polymer can be controlled. It is presumed that this is due to the increased solubility of.
- the tertiary alcohol since the tertiary alcohol has a property of being less likely to be oxidized as compared with, for example, a primary alcohol or a secondary alcohol, it can be stably present in the composition. Therefore, since the above-mentioned effect of improving the solubility of the conductive polymer can be stably obtained, the formation of a precipitate and the modification of the composition can be suppressed, and excellent storage stability can be obtained. In other words, when a primary alcohol or a secondary alcohol is used instead of the tertiary alcohol, these are oxidized and denatured in the composition, so that the solubility of the conductive polymer is lowered. However, there is a risk of precipitation formation and denaturation of the composition.
- the coating film of the composition can be dried at a lower temperature. Therefore, deterioration of the conductive polymer contained in the coating film due to heat can be suppressed, and a film having excellent conductivity can be obtained. In addition, the residual amount in the film can be reduced, and a film having excellent conductivity can be obtained. Further, when the tertiary alcohol is used, the polyaniline complex is higher when the compositions having the same viscosity are compared with each other as compared with the case where the primary alcohol or the secondary alcohol having the same number of carbon atoms is used.
- tertiary alcohols have a lower dissociation constant of hydroxyl groups than, for example, primary alcohols and secondary alcohols having the same number of carbon atoms. Therefore, since the tertiary alcohol has a small interaction with the conductive polymer, it is unlikely to cause deterioration of the conductive polymer, and the storage stability of the conductive polymer composition can be maintained for a long time, or the composition thereof. The conductivity of the conductive polymer film obtained from the above can be maintained. In addition, it is possible to suppress the reaction with water-reactive materials and impurities having a catalytic action, and it is possible to apply and coat such substances.
- the component (b) contains the tertiary alcohol
- the solubility of the conductive polymer (component (a)) in the solvent (component (b)) is enhanced as described above.
- the viscosity of the conductive polymer composition can be easily adjusted within a range in which a desired conductive polymer concentration can be obtained. Therefore, in the composition of this embodiment, since the component (b) contains a tertiary alcohol, it is easy to obtain a conductive polymer composition having a desired viscosity.
- Component (a): Conductive polymer examples include polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof. These may or may not have substituents. These may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- Polyaniline is preferable as the conductive polymer.
- Polyaniline preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, more preferably 20,000 or more, still more preferably 30,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less, still more preferably 40,000 or more. It is 1,000,000 or less, and particularly preferably 52,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of polyaniline is measured as follows. 0.25 g of the polyaniline complex is dissolved in a mixed solvent of 5 g of toluene and 0.025 g of isopropyl alcohol to prepare a polyaniline complex solution. Take 20 mL of 0.01 M LiBr-containing NMP and add 28 ⁇ L of triethylamine with a microsyringe. 0.10 mL of the prepared polyaniline complex solution is added dropwise to this solution, and filtration is performed using a chromatographic disk (aqueous / non-aqueous, 0.45 ⁇ m) manufactured by GEL Science Co., Ltd. to obtain a solution for GPC measurement.
- a chromatographic disk aqueous / non-aqueous, 0.45 ⁇ m
- GPC measurement is performed using a GPC column (“Shodex KF-806M” manufactured by Showa Denko KK, 2 sheets) and is performed under the following measurement conditions.
- Solvent NMP containing 0.01MLiBr Flow rate: 0.70 mL / min Column temperature: 60 ° C
- Injection volume 100 ⁇ L
- UV detection wavelength 270 nm
- the weight average molecular weight obtained by the above method is a polystyrene (PS) converted value.
- the polyaniline may or may not have a substituent, but is preferably an unsubstituted polyaniline from the viewpoint of versatility and economy.
- substituent when having a substituent include a linear or branched hydrocarbon group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a hexyl group and an octyl group; an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group; and an aryloxy group such as a phenoxy group.
- Group examples thereof include halogenated hydrocarbons such as a trifluoromethyl group (-CF 3 groups).
- the polyaniline complex is a polyaniline doped with a proton donor. It can be confirmed by ultraviolet / visible / near-infrared spectroscopy or X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy that the proton donor is doped with polyaniline, and the proton donor is sufficient to generate carriers in polyaniline. As long as it has acidity, it can be used without any particular restrictions on the chemical structure. It is preferable to use the polyaniline complex because the solubility in a solvent is improved.
- Examples of the proton donor include Bronsted acid or a salt thereof, preferably an organic acid or a salt thereof (for example, sulfonic acid or a sulfonate), and more preferably represented by the following formula (I).
- M is a hydrogen atom, an organic radical or an inorganic radical.
- the organic free radical include a pyridinium group, an imidazolium group, an anilinium group and the like.
- Examples of the inorganic free radical include sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, ammonium and the like.
- X is an acidic group, for example, a group represented by -SO 3- , -PO 3 2- , -PO 4 (OH) - , -OPO 3 2- , -OPO 2 ( OH) - , -COO-. Etc., and a group represented by ⁇ SO3 ⁇ is preferable.
- A is a hydrocarbon group which may contain a substituent.
- the hydrocarbon group may include, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; an alkenyl group; a substituent such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, or menthyl.
- Dicycloalkyl group or polycycloalkyl group which may be condensed such as bicyclohexyl, norbornyl, adamantyl; aryl containing an aromatic ring which may contain a substituent such as phenyl, tosyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolinyl, pyridinyl, furanyl and the like.
- Group; diaryl group or polyaryl group which may be condensed such as naphthyl, anthrasenyl, fluorenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, quinolinyl, indenyl, etc .; alkylaryl group and the like, and correspond to each other (n + 1). )
- the base of the value is mentioned.
- R is a substituent represented independently by -R 1 , -OR 1 , -COR 1 , -COOR 1 , -CO (COR 1 ), or -CO (COOR 1 ).
- R 1 is a hydrocarbon group, a silyl group, an alkylsilyl group, which may contain a substituent having 4 or more carbon atoms, a group represented by ⁇ (R 2 O) x ⁇ R 3 , or ⁇ (OSiR 32 ) x .
- -OR 3 R 2 is an alkylene group, R 3 is a hydrocarbon group which may be the same or different from each other, and x is an integer of 1 or more).
- hydrocarbon group of R 1 examples include a linear or branched butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, a pentadecyl group, an eicosanyl group and the like.
- n is an integer of 2 or more.
- m is the valence of M.
- the organic protonic acid represented by the formula (I) or a salt thereof is preferably an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, a dialkylbenzenesulphonic acid, a dialkylnaphthalenzulphonic acid, a sulfophthalic acid ester, or an organic protonic acid represented by the following formula (II). That salt.
- M XCR 4 (CR 52 COOR 6) COOR 7
- R 4 and R 5 are independently represented by a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or R 8 3 Si- (where R 8 is a hydrocarbon group and the three R 8s are the same or different. May be).
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group of R 4 and R 5 include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; an aryl group containing an aromatic ring; an alkylaryl group and the like.
- the hydrocarbon group of R 8 is the same as the hydrocarbon group of R 4 and R 5 .
- R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrocarbon group or a group represented by-(R 9 O) q -R 10 [where R 9 is a hydrocarbon group or a silylene group and R 10 is hydrogen. An atom, a hydrocarbon group or a group represented by R 11 3 Si- (R 11 is a hydrocarbon group and the three R 11s may be the same or different), where q is an integer greater than or equal to 1. There is].
- the hydrocarbon group of R 6 and R 7 include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 4 or more carbon atoms; an aryl group containing an aromatic ring; an alkylaryl group and the like. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon groups of R 6 and R 7 include linear or branched butyl groups, pentyl groups, hexyl groups, octyl groups, decyl groups and the like.
- the hydrocarbon group of R 9 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; an arylene group containing an aromatic ring; an alkylarylene group; an arylalkylene group and the like.
- the hydrocarbon groups of R 10 and R 11 are the same as those of R 4 and R 5 .
- q is preferably an integer of 1 to 10.
- organic protonic acid represented by the formula (II) or a salt thereof when R 6 and R 7 are groups represented by-(R 9 O) n -R 10 are represented by the following formula. Acid is mentioned.
- X is a group represented by ⁇ SO3.
- the compound represented by the above formula (II) (organic protonic acid or a salt thereof) is preferably a sulfosuccinic acid derivative represented by the following formula (III).
- M (O 3 SCH (CH 2 COOR 12 ) COOR 13 ) m (III)
- M and m are the same as the above formula (I).
- R 12 and R 13 are each independently represented by a hydrocarbon group or-(R 14 O) r -R 15 [where R 14 is a hydrocarbon group or a silylene group and R 15 is hydrogen.
- R 14 is a hydrocarbon group or a silylene group and R 15 is hydrogen.
- the hydrocarbon groups of R 12 and R 13 are the same as the hydrocarbon groups of R 6 and R 7 .
- the hydrocarbon group of R 14 is the same as the hydrocarbon group of R 9 .
- the hydrocarbon groups of R 15 and R 16 are the same as the hydrocarbon groups of R 4 and R 5 .
- r is preferably an integer of 1 to 10.
- the hydrocarbon groups of R 12 and R 13 are the same as the hydrocarbon groups of R 6 and R 7 , and a butyl group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a decyl group and the like are preferable.
- di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinic acid and sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate are preferable.
- the sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate may be a di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate ion.
- the dope ratio of the proton donor to polyaniline is preferably 0.30 or more and 0.65 or less, more preferably 0.32 or more and 0.60 or less, and further preferably 0.33 or more and 0.57 or less. Particularly preferably, it is 0.34 or more and 0.55 or less. When the dope ratio is 0.30 or more, the solubility of the polyaniline complex in the organic solvent is sufficiently high.
- the doping rate is defined as (the number of moles of proton donors doping polyaniline) / (the number of moles of the monomer unit of polyaniline).
- a polyaniline complex containing an unsubstituted polyaniline and a proton donor has a doping ratio of 0.5, which means that one proton donor is doped with two monomer unit molecules of polyaniline.
- the doping rate can be calculated if the number of moles of the proton donor and the polyaniline monomer unit in the polyaniline complex can be measured.
- the proton donor is an organic sulfonic acid
- the number of moles of sulfur atoms derived from the proton donor and the number of moles of nitrogen atoms derived from the monomer unit of polyaniline are quantified by an organic element analysis method, and the ratio of these values is quantified.
- the dope rate can be calculated by taking.
- the polyaniline complex preferably contains an unsubstituted polyaniline and a sulfonic acid which is a proton donor, and satisfies the following formula (6). 0.32 ⁇ S 5 / N 5 ⁇ 0.60 (6) (In the formula (5), S 5 is the total number of moles of sulfur atoms contained in the polyaniline complex, and N 5 is the total number of moles of nitrogen atoms contained in the polyaniline complex. The number of moles of an atom is a value measured by the organic element analysis method.)
- the content of the component (a) may be 0.01 to 50% by mass, 0.01 to 40% by mass, or 0.01 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the composition. It may be 0.1 to 20% by mass, or 0.5 to 15% by mass. When the content of the component (a) is within the above range, it is easy to obtain a coating film having a uniform thickness and concentration distribution in the film.
- the polyaniline complex can be produced by chemically oxidatively polymerizing substituted or unsubstituted aniline in a solution containing a proton donor, phosphoric acid, and an emulsifier different from the proton donor and having two liquid phases. It can also be produced by adding an oxidative polymerization agent to a solution containing a substituted or unsubstituted aniline, a proton donor, a phosphoric acid, and an emulsifier different from the proton donor and having two liquid phases.
- a polyaniline molecule satisfying the above formula (I) can be obtained.
- the “solution having two liquid phases” means a state in which two incompatible liquid phases are present in the solution. For example, it means a state in which a “highly polar solvent phase” and a “lowly polar solvent phase” are present in the solution.
- the “solution having two liquid phases” includes a state in which one liquid phase is a continuous phase and the other liquid phase is a dispersed phase.
- the "phase of a high polar solvent” is a continuous phase and the "phase of a low polar solvent” is a dispersed phase
- the “phase of a low polar solvent” is a continuous phase and the "phase of a highly polar solvent” is a dispersed phase.
- the state that is is included.
- Water is preferable as the highly polar solvent used for producing the polyaniline complex, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene are preferable as the low polar solvent.
- the proton donor is preferably a compound represented by the above formula (I), more preferably a compound represented by the above formula (II), and further preferably a compound represented by the above formula (III).
- the emulsifier can be either an ionic emulsifier whose hydrophilic moiety is ionic or a nonionic emulsifier whose hydrophilic moiety is nonionic, and one or more emulsifiers are mixed. You may use it.
- ionic emulsifier examples include a cationic emulsifier, an anionic emulsifier and a zwitterionic emulsifier.
- anionic emulsifiers examples include fatty acids, disproportionate rosin soaps, higher alcohol esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphoric acid, alkenyl succinic acid, sarcocinates, and salts thereof.
- cationic emulsifier include an alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt and an alkyltrimethylammonium salt.
- zwitterionic emulsifier include an alkyl betaine type, an alkylamide betaine type, an amino acid type, and an amine oxide type.
- nonionic emulsifier include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polypropylene glycol polyethylene glycol ether, polyoxyethylene glycerol borate fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester.
- anionic emulsifiers and nonionic emulsifiers are preferable.
- anionic emulsifier an anionic emulsifier having a phosphoric acid ester structure is more preferable.
- nonionic emulsifier a nonionic emulsifier having a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester structure is more preferable.
- Oxidizing agents used for chemical oxidative polymerization include peroxides such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and hydrogen peroxide; ammonium dichromate and perchloric acid.
- peroxides such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and hydrogen peroxide; ammonium dichromate and perchloric acid.
- Ammonium, potassium iron sulfate (III), iron trichloride (III), manganese dioxide, iodic acid, potassium permanganate, iron paratoluenesulfonate and the like can be used, and persulfate such as ammonium persulfate is preferable.
- These oxidizing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerization temperature is usually ⁇ 5 to 60 ° C., preferably ⁇ 5 to 40 ° C. Further, the polymerization temperature may be changed during the polymerization reaction. By keeping the polymerization temperature within this range, side reactions can be avoided.
- composition according to one aspect of the present invention contains a solvent, and the solvent contains a tertiary alcohol as described above.
- the content ratio of the tertiary alcohol in the whole component (b) is more than 1% by mass and 70% by mass or less.
- the conductive polymer exhibits excellent solubility in the solvent (component (b)).
- the content ratio of the tertiary alcohol in the whole component (b) may be more than 1% by mass and 70% by mass or less, may be more than 1% by mass and 60% by mass or less, and may be 2% by mass or more and 50% by mass. % Or less, 3% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less, 3% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, or more than 1% by mass and 10% by mass or less.
- R 51 to R 53 are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted cyclically formed aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or carboxy groups, respectively. Is.)
- the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and may be, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a talshal butyl group, a pentyl group, or a talshal amyl. Examples thereof include a group, a hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group and the like.
- Examples of the cyclically formed aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- a part or all of the hydrogen atom of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and a part or all of the hydrogen atom of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms are substituted with an acyl group or a carboxy group. May be good.
- Examples of the acyl group include an acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as a methanoyl group, an etanoyl group (acetyl group), and a benzoyl group.
- a part or all of the hydrogen atom of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of an acyl group and a carboxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and cyclic formation is performed.
- a part or all of the hydrogen atom of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms may be substituted with at least one selected from the group consisting of an acyl group and a carboxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- tertiary alcohol examples include tert-amyl alcohol, 2-methyl-2-propanol (tert-butanol), 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, and 2-.
- examples thereof include methyl-2-hexanol, 2-methyl-2-heptanol, 3-methyl-3-octanol, diacetone alcohol, tert-neol, benzylic acid and the like.
- These tertiary alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- tert-amyl alcohol 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, and diacetone alcohol , Terpineol and the like are preferably used.
- the content of the tertiary alcohol may be 3 parts by mass or more, 20 to 50,000 parts by mass, or 50 to 5,000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a). It may be 60 to 500 parts by mass or 70 to 100 parts by mass.
- the conductive polymer exhibits excellent solubility in the solvent (component (b)).
- the solvent other than the tertiary alcohol is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the component (a), but an organic solvent is preferable.
- the organic solvent may be a water-soluble organic solvent or an organic solvent that is substantially immiscible with water (water-immiscible organic solvent).
- the water-soluble organic solvent may be a protonic polar solvent or an aprotonic polar solvent, for example, ketones such as acetone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether; N-methylpyrrolidone and the like. Examples thereof include an aprotonic polar solvent. These water-soluble organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- water-impermeable organic solvent examples include aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, anisole, cumene, benzyl alcohol, and tetraline; An aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent such as hexane, octane, decane, isononan, isooctane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, methylcyclopentane, methoxycyclopentane, cycloheptane; Halogen-containing solvents such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, etc.; Ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, butyl butyrate; Ketone solvents such as methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), MIB
- a water-miscible organic solvent can be preferably used from the viewpoint of excellent solubility of the component (a).
- the ratio of the content of the water-immiscible organic solvent and the tertiary alcohol in the component (b) is 98 to 20: 2 to 80 in terms of mass ratio. It may be 97 to 40: 3 to 60, 97 to 60: 3 to 40, 97 to 80: 3 to 25, 96 to 90: 4 to 10. May be.
- the ratio of the content of the water-immiscible organic solvent to the tertiary alcohol is in the above range, the component (a) exhibits excellent solubility in the composition.
- At least one of the aromatic solvent and the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent can be preferably used because the component (a) is excellent in solubility.
- an aromatic solvent is more preferably used because the component (a) is excellent in solubility.
- aromatic solvents toluene, xylene, anisole, cumene, benzyl alcohol and the like are preferably used.
- the chain hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, octane, isononan and isooctane
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents such as cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, methylcyclopentane and methoxycyclo A pentane or the like is preferably used.
- an alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent is more preferably used because of its excellent solubility of the component (a).
- water-immiscible organic solvent other than the aromatic solvent or the aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent for example, methyl isobutyl ketone, chloroform, trichloroethane and ethyl acetate, butyl butyrate and the like are also preferably used.
- the primary alcohol and the secondary alcohol may be contained in the composition, but the content of the primary alcohol and the secondary alcohol is 0% by mass in total with respect to the total amount of the composition.
- the range is preferably 0.1% by mass or less, and it is preferable that the primary alcohol and the secondary alcohol are substantially not contained.
- the total content of the primary alcohol and the secondary alcohol is larger than the above range.
- Examples of the primary alcohol or the secondary alcohol include methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, benzyl alcohol and alkoxy alcohol (for example, 1). -Methoxy-2-propanol, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol) and the like can be mentioned.
- the ratio of the content of the component (b) to the total amount of the composition and the content of the component (a) to the total amount of the composition is a mass ratio. It may be 0.0001 to 0.5, 0.01 to 0.3, 0.05 to 0.2, 0.07 to 0.15. May be good.
- the conductive polymer can exhibit a stable dissolved state in the component (b).
- Component (c) phenolic compound
- the composition according to one aspect of the present invention may contain a phenolic compound.
- a phenolic compound By containing the phenolic compound, the solubility of the component (a) can be further improved, and the conductivity of the conductive film produced by using the composition can be enhanced.
- the phenolic compound is not particularly limited, and is a compound represented by ArOH (where Ar is an aryl group or a substituted aryl group). Specifically, phenol, o-, m- or p-cresol, o-, m- or p-ethylphenol, o-, m- or p-propylphenol, o-, m- or p-butylphenol, o.
- Substituted phenols such as-, m- or p-chlorophenol, salicylic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxynaphthalene; polyhydric phenolic compounds such as catechol and resorcinol; and polymers such as phenolic resins, polyphenols and poly (hydroxystyrene). Phenol and the like can be exemplified.
- n is an integer of 1 to 5.
- R 21 has an alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, respectively.
- Examples of the alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, talmajutyl, talshalamyl and the like.
- Examples of the alkenyl group include the above-mentioned substituent having an unsaturated bond in the molecule of the alkyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group include cyclopentane and cyclohexane.
- Examples of the alkylthio group include methylthio, ethylthio and the like.
- Examples of the aryl group include phenyl, naphthyl and the like.
- alkylaryl group and the arylalkyl group include substituents obtained by combining the above-mentioned alkyl group and aryl group.
- the R 21 is preferably a methyl or ethyl group.
- R 22 has an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkylthio group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of carbon atoms. It is an aryl group of 6 to 20, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a specific example of R 22 in the formula (3') is the same as that of R 21 in the above formula (3).
- the content of the component (c) is preferably 10 to 5000 parts by mass, and more preferably 10 to 2000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a).
- composition according to one aspect of the present invention may contain one or more selected from the group consisting of acidic substances and salts of acidic substances.
- the component is usually used as a heat-resistant stabilizer, and for example, the heat resistance of a conductive film produced by using the composition can be improved.
- the acidic substance may be either an organic acid which is an acid of an organic compound or an inorganic acid which is an acid of an inorganic compound, and is preferably an organic acid.
- the acidic substance is preferably an organic acid containing one or more sulfonic acid groups.
- the organic acid having a sulfonic acid group is preferably a cyclic, chain or branched alkyl sulfonic acid, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic sulfonic acid, or a polysulfonic acid having one or more sulfonic acid groups.
- the alkyl sulfonic acid include methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, and di2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinic acid.
- the alkyl group is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- aromatic sulfonic acid examples include those having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include sulfonic acid having a benzene ring, sulfonic acid having a naphthalene skeleton, and sulfonic acid having an anthracene skeleton.
- aromatic sulfonic acid examples include substituted or unsubstituted benzene sulfonic acid, substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene sulfonic acid, and substituted or unsubstituted anthracene sulfonic acid.
- the substituent is selected from the group consisting of, for example, an alkyl group (for example, one having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group (for example, one having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a carboxy group, and an acyl group. It is a substituent and may be substituted by 1 or more.
- examples of the aromatic sulfonic acid include compounds represented by the following formula (4) or (5).
- l is 1 or more
- m is an integer of 0 or more and 5 or less
- n is an integer of 0 or more and 5 or less. When one of m or n is 0, the other is 1 or more.
- Is. In the formula (5), q is 1 or more, p is an integer of 0 or more and 7 or less, and R 31 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, and a cyano, respectively. Group, amino group.
- R 31 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a carboxy group, and a hydroxyl group.
- aromatic sulfonic acid examples include 4-sulfophthalic acid, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, 1-naphthalene sulfonic acid, 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-6-naphthalene sulfonic acid, and p-phenol sulfonic acid.
- Toluene sulfonic acid, p-xylene-2-sulfonic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldisulfonic acid, dibenzofuran-2-sulfonic acid, flabianic acid, (+) -10-camper sulfonic acid, monoisopropylnaphthalene sulfonic acid, 1 -Pyrene sulfonic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- 4-sulfophthalic acid 5-sulfosalicylic acid, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, dibenzofuran-2-sulfonic acid, flabianic acid, 2-hydroxy-6-naphthalene Sulfonic acid and 1-pyrene sulfonic acid are preferred.
- Examples of the salt of the acidic substance include salts of the compounds listed above.
- Examples of the counterion of the salt include sodium, lithium, potassium, cesium, ammonium, calcium, barium and the like.
- the component (d) may be a hydrate.
- the content of the component (d) is preferably 0.1 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 100 parts by mass, and further preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a). Is.
- composition according to one aspect of the present invention may contain an acid having a hydrophobic group.
- the component is usually used as a permeability improver, and the composition can be more permeated into the object (for example, a capacitor).
- hydrophobic group examples include a linear alkyl group, a branched chain alkyl group, an alkylphenyl group, and an alkylnaphthyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group contained in the linear alkyl group, the alkyl group of the branched chain alkyl group, the alkylphenyl group, and the alkylnaphthyl group is preferably 2 to 20.
- Examples of the component (e) include alkylcarboxylic acid, phosphoric acid monoester, phosphoric acid diester, alkylbenzenecarboxylic acid, and alkylbenzenephosphonic acid.
- Alkylbenzenecarboxylic acid is a compound represented by R f -Ph-COOH
- alkylbenzenephosphonic acid is a compound represented by R f -Ph-PO (OH) 2 (in the formula, R f is an alkyl group).
- Ph indicates a phenyl group).
- the alkyl group of the alkylcarboxylic acid, the alkylbenzenecarboxylic acid and the alkylbenzenephosphonic acid preferably has 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Phosphoric acid monoesters and phosphoric acid diesters are preferably esters obtained from phosphoric acid and alcohols having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
- component (e) examples include propionic acid, DL-2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylvaleric acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, myristic acid, and monomethyl phosphate.
- Dimethyl phosphate a mixture of monomethyl phosphate and dimethyl phosphate, monoethyl phosphate, diethyl phosphate, a mixture of monoethyl phosphate and diethyl phosphate, monoisopropyl phosphate, diisopropyl phosphate, monoisopropyl phosphate and diisopropyl phosphate Mixture, monobutyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, monobutyl phosphate and dibutyl phosphate mixture, monophosphate (2-ethylhexyl), di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, mono-phosphate (2-ethylhexyl) and diphosphate Examples thereof include a mixture of (2-ethylhexyl).
- the content of the component (e) is preferably 20 to 900 parts by mass, and more preferably 100 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a).
- the composition according to one aspect of the present invention may further contain another resin, for example, as a binder base material, a plasticizer, or a matrix base material.
- resins include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, chlorinated polyolefins, polystyrenes, polyesters, polyamides, polyacetals, polyethylene terephthalates, polycarbonates, polyethylene glycols, polyethylene oxides, polyacrylic acids, and polyacrylic acid esters. Examples thereof include polymethacrylic acid ester, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetal.
- a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, or a phenol resin, or a precursor capable of forming these thermosetting resins may be contained together with the resin.
- the content of the component (f) is preferably 1 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 500 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a).
- composition according to one aspect of the present invention may contain silica. By containing silica, a conductive film having further excellent heat resistance can be formed.
- Silicon means a silicon oxide containing silicon (Si) and oxygen (O), and is not limited to a compound represented by SiO X such as SiO 2 , but also has a siloxane bond (-O-Si-O-). Also included are oligomers or polymers containing. Further, it may be a hydrate or an anhydrate.
- Silica is preferably in the form of particles, and may have a structure in which particles are connected in a bead shape.
- the average particle size of the silica particles is preferably 1 to 200 nm.
- Silica particles in a colloidal state may be used.
- the average particle size of the silica particles is obtained by calculating the specific surface area by the BET method and converting it from the specific surface area.
- the specific surface area is calculated by the BET method under the conditions described in JIS Z8830 (2013).
- silica products include the “Organo Silica Sol” series ("IPA-ST”, “IPA-ST-ZL”, “IPA-ST-UP”, etc.) and “Snowtex” series manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Can be mentioned.
- the content of the component (g) is preferably 0.1 to 60 parts by mass, and may be 0.1 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component (a).
- the composition according to one aspect of the present invention is essentially composed of the components (a) and (b), and optionally one or more components selected from the group consisting of (c) to (g). good. In this case, unavoidable impurities may be contained.
- the composition according to one aspect of the present invention for example, 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass or more, 90% by mass or more, 98% by mass or more, 99% by mass or more, 99.5% by mass or more, 99.9% by mass. Above, or 100% by mass, Ingredients (a)-(b), Ingredients (a) to (c), Ingredients (a)-(d), Ingredients (a) to (e), It may be a component (a) to (f) or a component (a) to (g).
- the viscosity of the composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may be 0.01 to 10000 mPa ⁇ s, 0.05 to 1000 mPa ⁇ s, or 0.5 to 500 mPa ⁇ s. May be good. Further, even if the viscosity of the composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is 100 mPa ⁇ s or less, 70 mPa ⁇ s or less, 65 mPa ⁇ s or less, 50 mPa ⁇ s or less, 10 mPa ⁇ s or less, or 7 mPa ⁇ s or less. good.
- the viscosity of the conductive polymer composition is measured by the method described in Examples.
- a conductive film can be formed by applying the composition according to one aspect of the present invention onto a substrate and drying it.
- the composition may be applied to a substrate such as glass, a resin film, a sheet, a non-woven fabric, an inorganic porous material, or an inorganic fine particle having a desired shape to form a conductive laminate.
- the thickness of the conductive film is usually 1 mm or less, preferably 10 nm to 50 ⁇ m.
- known methods such as a casting method, a spray method, a dip coating method, a doctor blade method, a barcode method, a spin coating method, an electrospinning method, a screen printing method, and a gravure printing method can be used. can.
- the above conductive film (coating film) is immersed in a solution containing the component (d2) selected from the components listed as the above component (d) (hereinafter, also referred to as a dipping solution) and dried.
- a solution containing the component (d2) selected from the components listed as the above component (d) hereinafter, also referred to as a dipping solution
- a process may be provided.
- the component (d) contained in the conductive polymer composition before film formation is referred to as “component (d1)” and is formed by using the conductive polymer composition.
- component (d) to be contained in the conductive film from the outside by, for example, immersing the conductive film in a dipping solution is referred to as “component (d2)”.
- component (d2) in this case, the sulfonic acid represented by the above formula (4) or a salt thereof is preferable.
- the solution to be immersed may contain a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as the component (d2) is dissolved, and examples thereof include water, alcohol-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, ether-based solvents, and ester-based solvents. One kind or a mixture of two or more kinds may be used.
- the solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutanol, and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol.
- the content of the component (d2) in the solution to be immersed is preferably 10 to 1200 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 700 parts by mass, and 70 to 400 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the composition obtained by removing the solvent. Parts by mass are even more preferred. If it exceeds 1200 parts by mass, an acidic substance becomes excessive in the coating film, which may cause deterioration of the polyaniline backbone and decrease the conductivity.
- the component (d2) is preferably 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.3% by weight to 6% by weight, and 0.7% by weight to 3.5% by weight in the solution to be immersed. More preferred.
- Examples of the dipping method include dipping.
- the immersion time is preferably 1 minute or more, more preferably 3 minutes or more and 200 minutes or less.
- the immersion temperature is preferably 5 ° C to 50 ° C.
- Drying after soaking is preferably performed by an oven, a hot plate or the like.
- the drying temperature is preferably 80 to 200 ° C, more preferably 100 to 170 ° C.
- the drying time is preferably 1 to 180 minutes, more preferably 3 to 60 minutes. If necessary, it may be heated under reduced pressure.
- the drying temperature and the drying time are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the material to be used.
- the component (d) may be added as the component (d1) to the above composition, or may be contained as the component (d2) in the conductive film obtained from the composition.
- the component (d1) may be added to the composition and further contained as the component (d2) in the conductive film obtained from the composition. That is, in the conductive film according to one aspect of the present invention, the component (d) added before the film formation (hereinafter, may be referred to as the component (d1)) and the component (d) added after the film formation. (Hereinafter, it may be referred to as a component (d2)).
- the components (d1) and (d2) may be the same or different.
- the component (d1) is a compound represented by the above formula (5)
- the component (d2) is a compound represented by the above formula (4).
- the conductive film according to one aspect of the present invention contains (a) a conductive polymer, and may contain the above-mentioned component (d) (one or more selected from the components (d1) and (d2)).
- the conductive film may be essentially composed of the component (a) and the optional component (d).
- unavoidable impurities may be contained.
- Mass% is Component (a) or component (a) and (d) May be.
- the conductivity of the conductive film is preferably 0.05 S / cm or more, more preferably 25 S / cm or more, more preferably 50 S / cm or more, still more preferably 80 S / cm or more. ..
- the conductivity of the conductive film is measured by the method described in Examples.
- each component in the said conductive film is as described in the composition which concerns on one aspect of this invention. Further, the above-mentioned components (a) to (g) are different from each other.
- Capacitors can be manufactured using the composition according to one aspect of the present invention.
- Specific examples of the capacitor include an electrolytic capacitor and an electric double layer capacitor, and examples of the electrolytic capacitor include a solid electrolytic capacitor.
- a case of manufacturing a solid electrolytic capacitor includes, for example, a step of impregnating an anode containing an anode and a dielectric of the solid electrolytic capacitor with the composition of the present invention and drying the anode to form a conductive film on the anode. .. That is, the solid electrolytic capacitor includes the conductive film of the present invention.
- the capacitor according to one aspect of the present invention is useful, for example, when used for an in-vehicle application, a circuit board in a communication base station, or the like.
- composition according to one aspect of the present invention is applied to a substrate such as glass, resin film, sheet, non-woven fabric, inorganic porous material, or inorganic fine particles having a desired shape, and the solvent is removed to remove the conductive film. It is possible to produce a conductive laminate having the above.
- a conductive article can be manufactured by processing the conductive laminate into a desired shape by a known method such as vacuum forming or compressed air forming. From the viewpoint of molding, the base material is preferably a resin film, a sheet or a non-woven fabric.
- the coating film may be heated depending on the type of solvent. For example, it is heated at a temperature of 250 ° C. or lower, preferably 50 or more and 200 ° C. or lower under an air flow, and further, if necessary, heated under reduced pressure.
- the heating temperature and the heating time are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the material to be used.
- a conductive molded body obtained by molding the composition according to one aspect of the present invention can also be used.
- Examples of such a conductive molded body include a self-supporting conductive molded body having no base material.
- Production Example 1 (Production of polyaniline complex) "Neocol SWC” (di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate sodium, manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) 32.4 g, aniline 13.3 g, "sorbon T-20” (polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid) in a 1,000 ml separable flask. 0.9 g of a nonionic emulsifier having an ester structure (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was added and dissolved in 320.4 g of toluene.
- a nonionic emulsifier having an ester structure manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the contents were transferred to a separating funnel, and the aqueous phase and the toluene phase were statically separated.
- the toluene phase was washed once with 180.3 g of an 8.5 mass% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and 5 times with 328.0 g of ion-exchanged water to obtain a polyaniline complex toluene solution.
- This solution is called No.
- the insoluble matter was removed by filtering with the filter paper of No. 2, and the toluene solution of the polyaniline complex soluble in toluene was recovered.
- This solution was transferred to an evaporator, heated in a hot water bath at 60 ° C., and reduced in pressure to evaporate and distill off the volatile components to obtain a polyaniline complex (1) (protonated polyaniline).
- the dope ratio of the proton donor (sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate) to polyaniline in the polyaniline complex (1) was 0.36.
- Example 1 Manufacturing of Conductive Polymer Composition
- Toluene manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- tert-amyl alcohol manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- a component (b) was prepared.
- 94 g of this mixed solvent was placed in a container, and 6 g of the polyaniline complex (1) obtained in Production Example 1 was added and dissolved to obtain a conductive polymer composition.
- Example 2 to 7 Comparative Examples 1 to 11 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type and mixing ratio of the solvent of the component (b) were changed as shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 the symbols in the column of solvent composition indicate the following.
- TAA tert-Amyl alcohol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Tol Toluene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- Xy Xylene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- Ani Anisole (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- MCP Methoxycyclopentane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- Example 8 Manufacturing of Conductive Polymer Composition
- Xylene manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- tert-butanol also known as 2-methyl-2-propanol, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- the component (b) which is a mixed solvent, was prepared by stirring and mixing until it became possible.
- 88 g of this mixed solvent was placed in a container, and 12 g of the polyaniline complex (1) obtained in Production Example 1 was added and dissolved to obtain a conductive polymer composition.
- Comparative Example 12 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that tert-butanol was changed to 2-butanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Comparative Example 13 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that tert-butanol was changed to 1-butanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Example 9 Mix xylene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and tert-amyl alcohol (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) at a ratio of 95: 5 (mass ratio), stir and mix until uniform, and use a mixed solvent. A component (b) was prepared. 88 g of this mixed solvent was placed in a container, and 12 g of the polyaniline complex (1) obtained in Production Example 1 was added and dissolved to obtain a conductive polymer composition.
- Comparative Example 14 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that tert-amyl alcohol was changed to 1-pentanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Example 10 Xylene (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and tert-butanol (also known as 2-methyl-2-propanol, manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) are mixed at a ratio of 97: 3 (mass ratio) to make them uniform.
- Comparative Example 15 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that tert-butanol was changed to 2-butanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Comparative Example 16 A conductive polymer composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 10 except that tert-butanol was changed to 1-butanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the conductive polymer compositions obtained in Examples 8 to 10 and Comparative Examples 12 to 16 were used at 23 to 24 ° C. using a sound fork vibration viscometer SV-1H (manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd.). The viscosity at the liquid temperature was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 11 Manufacturing of conductive polyaniline thin film
- Approximately 1 ml of the conductive polymer composition obtained in Example 10 was formed on the upper surface of the glass substrate 1 shown in FIG. 1 in which an indium tin oxide electrode 2 (hereinafter referred to as ITO electrode 2) was formed on the surface by patterning.
- ITO electrode 2 indium tin oxide electrode 2
- the application by the spin coating method was performed under an atmospheric atmosphere at a rotation speed of the glass substrate 1 of 2000 rpm.
- the rotation time of the glass substrate 1 after dropping the conductive polymer composition onto the glass substrate 1 was 15 seconds.
- the glass substrate 1 was dried on a hot plate at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes to form a conductive polyaniline thin film, and a glass substrate 10 with a conductive polyaniline thin film was obtained.
- Comparative Example 17 A conductive polyaniline thin film was formed on the glass substrate 1 in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the conductive polymer composition obtained in Comparative Example 15 was used, and the conductive polymer composition was formed in the same manner as in Example 11. The conductivity of the polyaniline thin film was measured.
- Comparative Example 18 A conductive polyaniline thin film was formed on the glass substrate 1 in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the conductive polymer composition obtained in Comparative Example 16 was used, and the conductive polymer composition was formed in the same manner as in Example 11. The conductivity of the polyaniline thin film was measured.
- Table 3 shows the measured values of the conductivity of each conductive polyaniline thin film measured in Example 11 and Comparative Examples 17-18.
- Production Example 2 (Production of polyaniline complex)
- the internal temperature of the reaction solution after adding the phosphoric acid aqueous solution to the toluene solution of aniline and the internal temperature of the solution after the completion of dropping the APS (ammonium persulfate) aqueous solution were both changed from 5 ° C. to -5 ° C.
- the aqueous phosphate solution added to the toluene solution and the aqueous phosphate solution for dissolving APS (ammonium persulfate) were changed from the 8.5% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution to the 17% by mass phosphoric acid aqueous solution.
- the polyaniline complex (2) was obtained.
- the dope ratio of the proton donor (sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate) to polyaniline in the polyaniline complex (2) was 0.36.
- a composition was obtained by putting 94.4 g of this mixed solution in a container and adding 5.6 g of the polyaniline complex (2) obtained in Production Example 2 to dissolve it.
- 0.42 g of 2-naphthalene sulfonic acid hydrate manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., component (d) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a conductive polymer composition.
- Got The coating was performed by the spin coating method in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the obtained conductive polymer composition was used, and then the glass substrate 1 was dried on a hot plate at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a conductive polyaniline thin film was formed on the glass substrate 1 in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the glass substrate was dried on a hot plate at 150 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a glass substrate with a conductive polyaniline thin film.
- the conductivity of the conductive polyaniline thin film was measured in the same manner as in Example 11.
- Example 13 [Sulfonic acid immersion treatment] 0.2 g of a 50 mass% 4-sulfophthalic acid aqueous solution (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was dissolved in 9.8 g of isopropanol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) to obtain a uniform 1 mass% 4-sulfophthalic acid solution. ..
- the conductive polyaniline thin film of the glass substrate with the conductive polyaniline thin film obtained in Example 12 was immersed in 10 g of a 1% by mass 4-sulfophthalic acid solution at room temperature for 5 minutes.
- the glass substrate with the conductive polyaniline thin film after immersion was dried on a hot plate at 40 ° C.
- Comparative Example 19 A conductive polyaniline thin film was formed on the glass substrate 1 in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the Tert-amyl alcohol was changed to 1-pentanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). With respect to the obtained glass substrate with a conductive polyaniline thin film, the conductivity of the conductive polyaniline thin film was measured in the same manner as in Example 11.
- Comparative Example 20 The conductive polyaniline thin film obtained in Comparative Example 19 was subjected to a sulfonic acid immersion treatment in the same manner as in Example 13. With respect to the obtained glass substrate with a conductive polyaniline thin film, the conductivity of the conductive polyaniline thin film was measured in the same manner as in Example 11.
- Table 4 shows the measured values of the conductivity of each of the conductive polyaniline thin films obtained in Examples 12 to 13 and Comparative Examples 19 to 20.
- Hex Hexane (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- TAA tert-Amyl alcohol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- 1PO 1-pentanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- tAP p-tert-amylphenol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- NSA 2-Naphthalene Sulfonic Acid Hydrate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- 4-SuPA 4-sulfophthalic acid aqueous solution (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
- Example 14 The conductive polymer composition obtained in Example 8 was stored at room temperature for 15 days, and then the viscosity was measured in the same manner as in Example 8. The results are shown in Table 5.
- Comparative Example 21 The conductive polymer composition obtained in Comparative Example 13 was stored at room temperature for 15 days, and then the viscosity was measured in the same manner as in Example 8. The results are shown in Table 5.
- the composition of the present invention comprises an electrostatic and antistatic material, a transparent electrode and a conductive film material, an electroluminescence element material, a circuit material, an electromagnetic wave shielding material, a capacitor electrolyte, a solar cell and the like. It can be used as a polar material for secondary batteries, a fuel cell separator material, etc., as a plating base, a rust preventive, etc.
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Abstract
Description
導電性高分子の一種であるポリアニリンは、その電気的な特性に加え、安価なアニリンから比較的簡便に合成でき、且つ導電性を示す状態で酸素等に対して優れた安定性を示すという利点を有する。例えば特許文献1に記載の方法によって簡便に、高導電のポリアニリンを得ることができる。
本発明の目的は、導電性高分子の溶解性に優れた導電性高分子組成物を提供することである。
1.(a)導電性高分子、及び(b)溶剤を含み、前記成分(b)は第三級アルコールを含み、かつ前記成分(b)全体に占める前記第三級アルコールの含有割合が1質量%超70質量%以下である導電性高分子組成物。
2.前記成分(b)が、水不混和性有機溶剤を含む、1に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
3.前記水不混和性有機溶剤と前記第三級アルコールとの含有量の比が、質量比で98~20:2~80である、2に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
4.前記成分(b)の含有量に対する前記成分(a)の含有量の比(成分(a)の含有量/成分(b)の含有量)が、質量比で0.0001~0.5である、1~3のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
5.前記成分(a)の含有量が0.01~30質量%である、1~4のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
6.前記第三級アルコールが、tert-アミルアルコール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、3-メチル-3-ペンタノール、2-メチル-2-ペンタノール、2-メチル-2-ヘキサノール、2-メチル-2-ヘプタノール、3-メチル-3-オクタノール、ジアセトンアルコール、テルピネオール及びベンジル酸からなる群から選択される一種以上である、1~5のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
7.前記水不混和性有機溶剤が、芳香族系溶剤及び脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤の少なくとも一方である、2~6のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
8.前記芳香族系溶剤が、トルエン、キシレン、アニソール、クメン及びベンジルアルコールからなる群から選択される一種以上である、7に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
9.前記脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤が、ヘキサン、オクタン、イソノナン、イソオクタン、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン及びメチルシクロペンタンからなる群から選択される一種以上である、7に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
10.第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量が、0.1質量%以下である、1~9のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
11.前記成分(a)が、ポリアニリン、ポリアニリン誘導体、ポリチオフェン、ポリチオフェン誘導体、ポリピロール及びポリピロール誘導体からなる群から選択される1以上を含む1~10のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
12.前記成分(a)が、ポリアニリンとプロトン供与体とを含むポリアニリン複合体であって、前記ポリアニリンが前記プロトン供与体でドープされている1~11のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
13.前記プロトン供与体がスルホン酸又はスルホン酸塩である12に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
14.前記スルホン酸又はスルホン酸塩が下記式(III)で示されるスルホコハク酸誘導体である13に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
M(O3SCH(CH2COOR12)COOR13)m ・・・(III)
(式(III)において、Mは、水素原子、有機遊離基又は無機遊離基であり、mはMの価数であり、R12及びR13は、それぞれ独立して、炭化水素基又は-(R14O)r-R15で表される基であり、R14は炭化水素基又はシリレン基であり、R15は水素原子、炭化水素基又はR16 3Si-で表される基であり、R16は炭化水素基であり、3つのR16は同一又は異なっていてもよく、rは1以上の整数である。)
15.1~14のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物を成形してなる導電性成形体。
本発明の一態様に係る導電性高分子組成物は、下記成分(a)、成分(b)を含む。
(a)導電性高分子
(b)溶剤
そして、成分(b)は第三級アルコールを含み、かつ成分(b)全体に占める第三級アルコールの含有割合が1質量%超70質量%以下である。
このため、本態様の組成物は、所望の導電性高分子濃度を得られ易く、また沈殿や残留粉体が生じ難いため取り扱い性に優れる。
これは、成分(b)の全量に対して第三級アルコールを上記所定の割合で含有することにより、溶媒全体の極性をコントロールすることができ、これにより導電性高分子の成分(b)への溶解性が高められることによるものと推定される。
換言すれば、第三級アルコールに代えて、第一級アルコールや第二級アルコールを用いた場合には、組成物中においてこれらが酸化し変性することで、導電性高分子の溶解性が低下し、沈殿の生成や組成物の変性が生じる虞がある。
また、第三級アルコールを用いた場合、炭素数が同数である第一級アルコールや第二級アルコールを用いた場合と対比すると、互いに同じ粘度を示す組成物同士を比較したときにより高いポリアニリン複合体含有濃度を有するものとすることができ、組成物中におけるアルコールの含有量がより少ないものとなる。これにより、組成物の塗布膜の加熱条件が同じであっても、膜中の残留溶剤量をより少なくでき、優れた導電性を有する膜を得られる。
このため、本態様の組成物は、成分(b)が第三級アルコールを含むことにより、所望の粘度の導電性高分子組成物を得られやすい。
導電性高分子としては、ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェン、ポリピロール及びこれらの誘導体等が挙げられる。これらは置換基を有してもよいし有していなくてもよい。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
ポリアニリンは、好ましくは重量平均分子量が10,000以上であり、より好ましくは20,000以上であり、さらに好ましくは30,000以上1,000,000以下であり、よりさらに好ましくは40,000以上1,000,000以下であり、特に好ましくは52,000以上1,000,000以下である。
ポリアニリン複合体0.25gをトルエン5gとイソプロピルアルコール0.025gの混合溶媒に溶解し、ポリアニリン複合体溶液を調整する。0.01M LiBr含有NMPを20mL採取し、28μLのトリエチルアミンをマイクロシリンジで加える。この溶液に調整したポリアニリン複合体溶液を0.10mL滴下し、ジ-エルサイエンス社製クロマトディスク(水系/非水系、0.45μ)を用いてろ過を行い、GPC測定用溶液を得る。
GPC測定は、GPCカラム(昭和電工株式会社製「ShodexKF-806M」、2本)を用いて行い、以下の測定条件で行う。
溶媒:0.01MLiBr含有NMP
流量:0.70mL/分
カラム温度:60℃
注入量:100μL
UV検出波長:270nm
上記方法で得られる重量平均分子量は、ポリスチレン(PS)換算値である。
置換基を有する場合の置換基としては、例えばメチル基、エチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基等の直鎖又は分岐の炭化水素基;メトキシ基、エトキシ基等のアルコキシ基;フェノキシ基等のアリールオキシ基;トリフルオロメチル基(-CF3基)等のハロゲン化炭化水素が挙げられる。
プロトン供与体がポリアニリンにドープしていることは、紫外・可視・近赤外分光法やX線光電子分光法によって確認することができ、当該プロトン供与体は、ポリアニリンにキャリアを発生させるに十分な酸性を有していれば、特に化学構造上の制限なく使用できる。
当該ポリアニリン複合体を用いることにより、溶剤への溶解性が向上するため好ましい。
M(XARn)m (I)
上記式(I)において、Mは、水素原子、有機遊離基又は無機遊離基である。
上記有機遊離基としては、例えば、ピリジニウム基、イミダゾリウム基、アニリニウム基等が挙げられる。上記無機遊離基としては、例えばナトリウム、リチウム、カリウム、セシウム、アンモニウム等が挙げられる。
当該炭化水素基としては、例えば炭素数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐状のアルキル基;アルケニル基;シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘプチル、シクロオクチル、メンチル等の置換基を含んでいてもよいシクロアルキル基;ビシクロヘキシル、ノルボルニル、アダマンチル等の縮合してもよいジシクロアルキル基若しくはポリシクロアルキル基;フェニル、トシル、チオフェニル、ピローリニル、ピリジニル、フラニル等の置換基を含んでいてもよい芳香環を含むアリール基;ナフチル、アントラセニル、フルオレニル、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロナフチル、インダニル、キノリニル、インドニル等の縮合していてもよいジアリール基若しくはポリアリール基;アルキルアリール基等であって、対応する(n+1)価の基が挙げられる。
R1は炭素数が4以上の置換基を含んでもよい炭化水素基、シリル基、アルキルシリル基、-(R2O)x-R3で表される基、又は-(OSiR3 2)x-OR3(R2はアルキレン基、R3はそれぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい炭化水素基であり、xは1以上の整数である)で表される基である。
R1の炭化水素基の例としては、直鎖若しくは分岐のブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ドデシル基、ペンタデシル基、エイコサニル基等が挙げられる。
nは2以上の整数である。mはMの価数である。
M(XCR4(CR5 2COOR6)COOR7)p (II)
pはMの価数である。
R4及びR5の炭化水素基としては、炭素数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐状のアルキル基;芳香環を含むアリール基;アルキルアリール基等が挙げられる。
R8の炭化水素基は、R4及びR5の炭化水素基と同様である。
R6及びR7の炭化水素基としては、炭素数1~24、好ましくは炭素数4以上の直鎖若しくは分岐状のアルキル基;芳香環を含むアリール基;アルキルアリール基等が挙げられる。
R6及びR7の炭化水素基の具体例としては、直鎖又は分岐状のブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基等が挙げられる。
また、R10及びR11の炭化水素基としては、R4及びR5の場合と同様である。qは、1~10の整数であることが好ましい。
M(O3SCH(CH2COOR12)COOR13)m (III)
上記式(III)において、M及びmは、上記式(I)と同様である。
R14の炭化水素基は、R9の炭化水素基と同様である。また、R15及びR16の炭化水素基は、R4及びR5の炭化水素基と同様である。
rは、好ましくは1~10の整数である。
R12及びR13の炭化水素基は、R6及びR7の炭化水素基と同様であり、ブチル基、ヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、デシル基等が好ましい。
ドープ率は(ポリアニリンにドープしているプロトン供与体のモル数)/(ポリアニリンのモノマーユニットのモル数)で定義される。例えば無置換ポリアニリンとプロトン供与体を含むポリアニリン複合体のドープ率が0.5であることは、ポリアニリンのモノマーユニット分子2個に対し、プロトン供与体が1個ドープしていることを意味する。
ドープ率は、ポリアニリン複合体中のプロトン供与体とポリアニリンのモノマーユニットのモル数が測定できれば算出可能である。例えば、プロトン供与体が有機スルホン酸の場合、プロトン供与体由来の硫黄原子のモル数と、ポリアニリンのモノマーユニット由来の窒素原子のモル数を、有機元素分析法により定量し、これらの値の比を取ることでドープ率を算出できる。
0.32≦S5/N5≦0.60 (6)
(式(5)中、S5はポリアニリン複合体に含まれる硫黄原子のモル数の合計であり、N5はポリアニリン複合体に含まれる窒素原子のモル数の合計である。上記窒素原子及び硫黄原子のモル数は、有機元素分析法により測定した値である。)
成分(a)の含有量が上記範囲にあることで、厚さや膜中の濃度分布が均一な塗膜を得られやすい。
ポリアニリン複合体は、プロトン供与体、リン酸、及びプロトン供与体とは異なる乳化剤を含み、2つの液相を有する溶液中で、置換又は無置換のアニリンを化学酸化重合することにより製造できる。また、置換又は無置換のアニリン、プロトン供与体、リン酸、及びプロトン供与体とは異なる乳化剤を含み、2つの液相を有する溶液中に、酸化重合剤を加えることにより製造できる。
リン酸及び乳化剤が存在する2つの液相を有する溶液中で、置換又は無置換のアニリンを化学酸化重合することにより、上記式(I)を満たすポリアニリン分子が得られる。
また、「2つの液相を有する溶液」は、片方の液相が連続相であり、他方の液相が分散相である状態も含む。例えば「高極性溶媒の相」が連続相であり「低極性溶媒の相」が分散相である状態、及び「低極性溶媒の相」が連続相であり「高極性溶媒の相」が分散相である状態が含まれる。
アニオン性乳化剤(陰イオン乳化剤)の具体例としては、脂肪酸、不均化ロジン石けん、高級アルコールエステル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸、アルケニルコハク酸、ザルコシネート、及びそれらの塩が挙げられる。
カチオン性乳化剤(陽イオン乳化剤)の具体例としては、アルキルジメチルベンジルアンモニウム塩、アルキルトリメチルアンモニウム塩が挙げられる。
双性乳化剤(両イオン乳化剤)の具体例としては、アルキルベタイン型、アルキルアミドベタイン型、アミノ酸型、アミンオキサイド型が挙げられる。
非イオン乳化剤の具体例としては、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールポリエチレングリコールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレングリセロールボレート脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステルが挙げられる。
アニオン性乳化剤としては、リン酸エステル構造を有するアニオン性乳化剤がさらに好ましい。また、非イオン乳化剤としては、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル構造を有する非イオン乳化剤がさらに好ましい。
これら酸化剤は単独で使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、溶剤を含み、溶剤は前述したように、第三級アルコールを含む。
成分(b)全体に占める第三級アルコールの含有割合が上記範囲であることで、導電性高分子が、溶剤((b)成分)に対して優れた溶解性を示す。
成分(b)全体に占める第三級アルコールの含有割合は、1質量%超70質量%以下であってもよく、1質量%超60質量%以下であってもよく、2質量%以上50質量%以下であってもよく、3質量%以上45質量%以下であってもよく、3質量%以上40質量%以下であってもよく、1質量%超10質量%以下であってもよい。
炭素数1~10のアルキル基としては、直鎖状でも分岐状でもよく、例えばメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、ターシャルブチル基、ペンチル基、ターシャルアミル基、ヘキシル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、へプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基等が挙げられる。
環状形成炭素数6~20のアリール基としては、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基等が挙げられる。
上記炭素数1~10のアルキル基の水素原子の一部又は全部、及び上記環状形成炭素数6~20のアリール基の水素原子の一部又は全部は、アシル基、カルボキシ基で置換されていてもよい。
アシル基としては、例えばメタノイル基、エタノイル基(アセチル基)、ベンゾイル基等の、炭素数1~10のアシル基を挙げることができる。
即ち、炭素数1~10のアルキル基の水素原子の一部又は全部は、炭素数1~10のアシル基及びカルボキシ基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つで置換されていてもよく、環状形成炭素数6~20のアリール基の水素原子の一部又は全部は、炭素数1~10のアシル基及びカルボキシ基からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つで置換されていてもよい。
これらの第三級アルコールは単独で使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
これらの中でも、導電性高分子の溶解性向上の観点から、tert-アミルアルコール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、2-メチル-2-ペンタノール、3-メチル-3-ペンタノール、ジアセトンアルコール、テルピネオール等が好適に用いられる。
成分(a)100質量部に対する第三級アルコールの含有量が上記範囲であることで、導電性高分子が、溶剤((b)成分)に対して優れた溶解性を示す。
これらの水溶性有機溶剤は単独で使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ヘキサン、オクタン、デカン、イソノナン、イソオクタン、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン、メチルシクロペンタン、メトキシシクロペンタン、シクロヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤;
塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素、ジクロロエタン、テトラクロロエタン等の含ハロゲン系溶剤;
酢酸エチル、酢酸イソブチル、酢酸n-ブチル、酪酸ブチル等のエステル系溶剤;
メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)、メチルエチルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン類溶剤;
シクロペンチルメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジメチルエーテル、等のエーテル類溶剤等が挙げられる。
また、炭化水素系溶剤として1種又は2種以上のイソパラフィンを含むイソパラフィン系溶剤を用いてもよい。
これらの水不混和性有機溶剤は単独で使用しても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
水不混和性有機溶剤と第三級アルコールとの含有量の比が、上記範囲にあることにより、組成物中において成分(a)が優れた溶解性を示す。
第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量を上記範囲とすることで、導電性高分子組成物の粘度が過度に高くなるのを抑制でき、適度な粘度を有する導電性高分子組成物を得られ易い。このため、当該組成物の塗布膜の加熱乾燥に要する温度が過度に高くなるのを抑制でき、塗布膜に含まれる導電性高分子の熱による劣化や、膜中におけるアルコール成分の残存、これに伴う、塗布膜の導電性の低下を抑制できる。
また、第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量を上記範囲とすることで、第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量が上記範囲より多量である場合と対比すると、互いに同じ粘度を示す組成物同士を比較したときにより高いポリアニリン複合体含有濃度を有するものとすることができ、組成物中における溶剤の含有量がより少ないものとなる。これにより、組成物の塗布膜の加熱条件が同じであっても、膜中の残留溶剤量をより少なくでき、より優れた導電性を有する膜を得られる。
また、第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量を上記範囲とすることで、導電性高分子組成物を常温で保管したときの粘度上昇を抑制でき、貯蔵安定性に優れた導電性高分子組成物を得られる。
(成分(a)の含有量/成分(b)の含有量)が上記範囲にあれば、成分(b)中において、導電性高分子が安定した溶解状態を示し得る。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、フェノール性化合物を含有してもよい。フェノール性化合物を含有することにより、成分(a)の溶解性をより向上させることができ、また当該組成物を用いて作製した導電性膜の導電性を高めることができる。
フェノール性化合物は特に限定されず、ArOH(ここで、Arはアリール基又は置換アリール基である)で示される化合物である。具体的には、フェノール、o-,m-又はp-クレゾール、o-,m-又はp-エチルフェノール、o-,m-又はp-プロピルフェノール、o-,m-又はp-ブチルフェノール、o-,m-又はp-クロロフェノール、サリチル酸、ヒドロキシ安息香酸、ヒドロキシナフタレン等の置換フェノール類;カテコール、レゾルシノール等の多価フェノール性化合物;及びフェノール樹脂、ポリフェノール、ポリ(ヒドロキシスチレン)等の高分子化合物等を例示することができる。
R21は、それぞれ炭素数2~10のアルキル基、炭素数2~20のアルケニル基、炭素数1~20のアルキルチオ基、炭素数3~10のシクロアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数7~20のアルキルアリール基又は炭素数7~20のアリールアルキル基である。)
アルキル基としては、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、ターシャルブチル、ターシャルアミル等が挙げられる。
アルケニル基としては、上述したアルキル基の分子内に不飽和結合を有する置換基が挙げられる。
シクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン等が挙げられる。
アルキルチオ基としては、メチルチオ、エチルチオ等が挙げられる。
アリール基としては、フェニル、ナフチル等が挙げられる。
アルキルアリール基、及びアリールアルキル基としては、上述したアルキル基とアリール基を組み合わせて得られる置換基等が挙げられる。
これらの基のうち、R21としては、メチル又はエチル基が好ましい。
式(3’)におけるR22の具体例は上記式(3)におけるR21と同様である。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、酸性物質及び酸性物質の塩からなる群から選択される1以上を含んでもよい。当該成分は、通常、耐熱安定化剤として用い、例えば当該組成物を用いて作製した導電性膜の耐熱性を向上することができる。
上記アルキルスルホン酸としては、例えば、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、ジ2-エチルヘキシルスルホコハク酸が挙げられる。ここで、アルキル基は好ましくは炭素数が1~18の直鎖又は分岐のアルキル基である。
上記芳香族スルホン酸としては、炭素数6~20のものが挙げられ、例えば、ベンゼン環を有するスルホン酸、ナフタレン骨格を有するスルホン酸、アントラセン骨格を有するスルホン酸が挙げられる。また、上記芳香族スルホン酸としては、置換又は無置換のベンゼンスルホン酸、置換又は無置換のナフタレンスルホン酸及び置換又は無置換のアントラセンスルホン酸が挙げられる。
qは1~3が好ましい。pは0~3が好ましい。R31は炭素数1~20のアルキル基、カルボキシ基、水酸基が好ましい。
成分(d)は水和物であってもよい。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、疎水性基を有する酸を含んでもよい。当該成分は、通常、浸透性向上剤として用い、組成物を対象物(例えばコンデンサ)中により浸透させることができる。
アルキルカルボン酸、アルキルベンゼンカルボン酸及びアルキルベンゼンホスホン酸のアルキル基の炭素数は、好ましくは2~20である。リン酸モノエステル及びリン酸ジエステルは、好ましくはリン酸と炭素数2~20のアルコールから得られるエステルである。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、さらに、例えばバインダー基材、可塑剤、マトリックス基材として、他の樹脂を含有してもよい。
他の樹脂の具体例としては、例えば、ポリエチレンやポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、塩素化ポリオレフィン、ポリスチレン、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリアセタール、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリル酸エステル、ポリメタクリル酸エステル、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルアセタールが挙げられる。
また上記樹脂の代わりに、また樹脂と共に、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂、もしくはこれら熱硬化性樹脂を形成し得る前駆体を含んでもよい。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物は、シリカを含んでもよい。シリカを含むことにより、さらに耐熱性に優れる導電性膜を形成することができる。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物の、例えば、70質量%以上、80質量%以上、90質量%以上、98質量%以上、99質量%以上、99.5質量%以上、99.9質量%以上、又は100質量%が、
成分(a)~(b)、
成分(a)~(c)、
成分(a)~(d)、
成分(a)~(e)、
成分(a)~(f)、又は
成分(a)~(g)であってもよい。
また、本発明の一実施形態に係る組成物の粘度は、100mPa・s以下、70mPa・s以下、65mPa・s以下、50mPa・s以下、10mPa・s以下、又は7mPa・s以下であってもよい。
導電性高分子組成物の粘度は、実施例に記載の方法で測定する。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物を基体上に塗布し、乾燥することで導電性膜を形成することができる。当該組成物を、所望の形状を有するガラス、樹脂フィルム、シート、不織布、無機多孔質材料、無機微粒子等の基材上に塗布することで導電性積層体としてもよい。
当該導電性膜の厚さは、通常1mm以下、好ましくは10nm~50μmである。
以下の説明において、成分(d)のうち、成膜前の導電性高分子組成物に含まれる成分(d)を「成分(d1)」と示し、導電性高分子組成物を用いて形成された導電性膜を、例えば浸漬用溶液に浸漬させる等の処理により、導電性膜に外部から含ませる成分(d)を「成分(d2)」と示す。この場合の成分(d2)としては、上記式(4)で表されるスルホン酸又はその塩が好ましい。
溶剤は、成分(d2)が溶解すれば特に限定されず、水、アルコール系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エーテル系溶剤、エステル系溶剤等が挙げられる。1種又は2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
1200質量部を超えると、塗膜内に酸性物質が過剰となりポリアニリン主鎖の劣化を引き起こし、導電性が低下するおそれがある。
浸漬時間は1分間以上が好ましく、3分間以上200分間以下がより好ましい。浸漬温度は、5℃~50℃が好ましい。
浸漬後の乾燥は、オーブン、ホットプレート等により行うことが好ましい。
乾燥温度は、80~200℃が好ましく、100~170℃がより好ましい。
乾燥時間は、1~180分間が好ましく3~60分間がより好ましい。必要に応じて、減圧下で加熱してもよい。乾燥温度及び乾燥時間は、特に制限されず、用いる材料に応じて適宜選択すればよい。
即ち、本発明の一態様に係る導電性膜は、成膜前に加えられた成分(d)(以下、成分(d1)と称する場合がある)と、成膜後に加えられた成分(d)(以下、成分(d2)と称する場合がある)とを含む場合がある。成分(d1)と(d2)は同一でも異なってもよい。異なる場合、例えば、成分(d1)は上記式(5)で表される化合物であり、成分(d2)は上記式(4)で表される化合物である。
上記の導電性膜は、本質的に、成分(a)、及び任意成分(d)からなってもよい。この場合、不可避不純物を含んでもよい。
上記の導電性膜の、例えば、70質量%以上、80質量%以上、90質量%以上、98質量%以上、99質量%以上、99.5質量%以上、99.9質量%以上、又は100質量%が、
成分(a)又は
成分(a)及び(d)
であってもよい。
導電性膜の電導度は、実施例に記載の方法で測定する。
また、上述した成分(a)~(g)は互いに異なる。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物を用いてコンデンサを製造することができる。コンデンサとしては、具体的には、電解コンデンサ及び電気二重層コンデンサ等が挙げられ、電解コンデンサとしては、固体電解コンデンサが挙げられる。
固体電解コンデンサを製造する場合、例えば、固体電解コンデンサの陽極と誘電体を含む陽極体に本発明の組成物を含浸させ、乾燥することで当該陽極体上に導電性膜を形成する工程を含む。即ち、固体電解コンデンサは本発明の導電性膜を含む。
本発明の一態様に係るコンデンサは例えば車載用途や、通信基地局における回路基板等に用いた場合に有用である。
本発明の一態様に係る組成物を、所望の形状を有するガラス、樹脂フィルム、シート、不織布、無機多孔質材料、無機微粒子等の基材に塗布し、溶剤を除去することによって、導電性膜を有する導電性積層体を製造することができる。当該導電性積層体を真空成形や圧空成形等の公知の方法により所望の形状に加工することにより、導電性物品を製造することができる。成形の観点からは、基材は樹脂フィルム、シート又は不織布が好ましい。
1,000mlセパラブルフラスコに「ネオコールSWC」(ジ-2-エチルヘキシルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム、第一工業製薬株式会社製)32.4g、アニリン13.3g、「ソルボンT-20」(ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル構造を有する非イオン乳化剤、東邦化学工業株式会社製)0.9gを入れ、トルエン320.4gにて溶解させた。
そこに8.5質量%リン酸水溶液450gを加え、トルエンと水の2つの液相を有する反応液を撹拌し、反応液の内温を5℃まで冷却した。反応液の内温が5℃に到達した時点で、反応液を撹拌しながら、APS(過硫酸アンモニウム)39.3gを8.5質量%リン酸水溶液90.2gに溶解した溶液を、滴下漏斗を用いて滴下し、滴下終了後、さらに溶液内温を5℃に保ったまま8時間攪拌した。攪拌停止後、分液漏斗に内容物を移し、水相とトルエン相を静置分離した。分離後、トルエン相を8.5質量%リン酸水溶液180.3gで1回、イオン交換水328.0gで5回洗浄することにより、ポリアニリン複合体トルエン溶液を得た。
この溶液をNo.2の濾紙にて濾過し、不溶分を除去し、トルエンに可溶なポリアニリン複合体のトルエン溶液を回収した。
この溶液をエバポレーターに移し、60℃の湯浴で加温し、減圧することにより、揮発分を蒸発留去し、ポリアニリン複合体(1)(プロトネーションされたポリアニリン)を得た。
[導電性高分子組成物の製造]
トルエン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)とtert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)とを95:5(質量比)の割合で混合し、均一になるまで撹拌混合して混合溶剤である成分(b)を調製した。
この混合溶剤94gを容器に入れ、製造例1で得たポリアニリン複合体(1)を6g添加して溶解させることにより、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
成分(b)の溶剤の種類及び混合割合を表1に示すように変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
なお、表1中、溶剤組成の欄の記号は、以下を示す。
TAA:tert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
Tol:トルエン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
Xy:キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
Ani:アニソール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
MCP:メトキシシクロペンタン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
導電性高分子組成物におけるポリアニリン複合体の溶解状態(沈殿生成の有無及び容器の壁面に付着する粉体の有無)を目視にて確認し、以下の評価基準にて評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
A:ポリアニリン複合体が溶解し、沈殿の生成も容器壁面に付着する粉体も目視で確認されなかった。
B:ポリアニリン複合体がほぼ溶解しているが、容器壁面に付着する粉体が目視で確認された。
C:ポリアニリン複合体の一部が溶解せず、沈殿の生成が確認された
[導電性高分子組成物の製造]
キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)とtert-ブタノール(別名;2-メチル-2-プロパノール、東京化成工業株式会社製)とを97:3(質量比)の割合で混合し、均一になるまで撹拌混合して混合溶剤である成分(b)を調製した。
この混合溶剤88gを容器に入れ、製造例1で得たポリアニリン複合体(1)を12g添加して溶解させることにより、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
tert-ブタノールを2-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例8と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
tert-ブタノールを1-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例8と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)とtert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)とを95:5(質量比)の割合で混合し、均一になるまで撹拌混合して混合溶剤である成分(b)を調製した。
この混合溶剤88gを容器に入れ、製造例1で得たポリアニリン複合体(1)を12g添加して溶解させることにより、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
tert-アミルアルコールを1-ペンタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例9と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)とtert-ブタノール(別名;2-メチル-2-プロパノール、東京化成工業株式会社製)とを97:3(質量比)の割合で混合し、均一になるまで撹拌混合して混合溶剤である成分(b)を調製した。
この混合溶剤95gを容器に入れ、製造例1で得たポリアニリン複合体(1)を5g添加して溶解させることにより、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
tert-ブタノールを2-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は実施例10と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
tert-ブタノールを1-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例10と同様にして、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
Xy:キシレン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
tBu:tert-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
2Bu:2-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
1Bu:1-ブタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
TAA:tert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
1PO:1-ペンタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
[導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の製造]
パターニングにより表面にインジウム錫酸化物電極2(以下、ITO電極2と示す)が形成された、図1に示すガラス基板1の上面に、実施例10で得られた導電性高分子組成物約1mlを、スピンコート法により塗布した。スピンコート法による塗布は、大気雰囲気下、ガラス基板1の回転速度を2000rpmとして行った。導電性高分子組成物をガラス基板1上に滴下した後のガラス基板1の回転時間は15秒間とした。次いで、120℃のホットプレート上で、ガラス基板1を60分間乾燥して導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を形成し、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板10を得た。
得られた導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板10について、ガラス基板1上の導電性ポリアニリン薄膜5のうち、ITO電極2の端子22を覆っている部分を削り取り、図2に示すように、ITO電極2の端子22を表面に露出させた。表面に露出したITO電極2の端子22を用いて、ロレスターGP(三菱化学社製;四端子法による抵抗率計)を用いて導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の抵抗及び電導度を測定した。
比較例15で得られた導電性高分子組成物を用いたこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、ガラス基板1上に導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を形成し、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
比較例16で得られた導電性高分子組成物を用いたこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、ガラス基板1上に導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を形成し、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
アニリンのトルエン溶液にリン酸水溶液を加えた後の反応液の内温、及びAPS(過硫酸アンモニウム)水溶液の滴下終了後の溶液内温を、いずれも5℃から-5℃に変更し、アニリンのトルエン溶液に加えるリン酸水溶液及びAPS(過硫酸アンモニウム)を溶解させるリン酸水溶液を、いずれも8.5質量%リン酸水溶液から17質量%リン酸水溶液に変更したこと以外は、製造例1と同様にして、ポリアニリン複合体(2)を得た。
ポリアニリン複合体(2)における、ポリアニリンに対するプロトン供与体(ジ-2-エチルヘキシルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム)のドープ率は0.36であった。
ヘキサン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)38gとtert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)30gとを混合し(ヘキサン:tert-アミルアルコール=56:44(質量比))、均一になるまで撹拌混合して混合溶剤である成分(b)を調製した。
この混合溶剤にp-tert-アミルフェノール(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製、成分(c))32gを混合し、均一になるまで攪拌して混合液を得た。
この混合液94.4gを容器に入れ、製造例2で得たポリアニリン複合体(2)を5.6g添加して溶解させることにより、組成物を得た。
得られた組成物に2-ナフタレンスルホン酸水和物(東京化成工業株式会社製、成分(d))を0.42g添加し、30℃にて30分間撹拌して、導電性高分子組成物を得た。
得られた導電性高分子組成物を用いたこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、スピンコート法による塗布を行い、次いで、40℃のホットプレート上でガラス基板1を30分間乾燥した後、150℃のホットプレート上で30分間乾燥したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、ガラス基板1上に導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を形成して、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板を得た。
得られた導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板について、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
[スルホン酸浸漬処理]
50質量%の4-スルホフタル酸水溶液(東京化成工業株式会社製)0.2gをイソプロパノール(和光純薬株式会社製)9.8gに溶解し、均一な1質量%4-スルホフタル酸溶液を得た。
実施例12で得た導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板の導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を、1質量%4-スルホフタル酸溶液10gに常温で5分間浸漬した。浸漬後の導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板を、40℃のホットプレート上で2分間乾燥した後、150℃のホットプレート上で60分間乾燥を行って、スルホン酸浸漬処理を施した導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きのガラス基板を得た。
得られた導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板について、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
Tert-アミルアルコールを1-ペンタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は実施例12と同様にして、ガラス基板1上に導電性ポリアニリン薄膜を形成した。得られた導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板について、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
比較例19で得た導電性ポリアニリン薄膜に、実施例13と同様にしてスルホン酸浸漬処理を施した。得られた導電性ポリアニリン薄膜付きガラス基板について、実施例11と同様にして、導電性ポリアニリン薄膜の電導度測定を行った。
Hex:ヘキサン(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
TAA:tert-アミルアルコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
1PO:1-ペンタノール(東京化成工業株式会社製)
tAP:p-tert-アミルフェノール(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)
NSA:2-ナフタレンスルホン酸水和物(東京化成工業株式会社製)
4-SuPA:4-スルホフタル酸水溶液(東京化成工業株式会社製)
実施例8で得られた導電性高分子組成物を、室温にて15日間保管した後、実施例8と同様にして、粘度測定を行った。結果を表5に示す。
比較例13で得られた導電性高分子組成物を、室温にて15日間保管した後、実施例8と同様にして、粘度測定を行った。結果を表5に示す。
この明細書に記載の文献、及び本願のパリ条約による優先権の基礎となる出願の内容を全て援用する。
Claims (15)
- (a)導電性高分子、及び
(b)溶剤を含み、
前記成分(b)は第三級アルコールを含み、かつ前記成分(b)全体に占める前記第三級アルコールの含有割合が1質量%超70質量%以下である導電性高分子組成物。 - 前記成分(b)が、水不混和性有機溶剤を含む、請求項1に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記水不混和性有機溶剤と前記第三級アルコールとの含有量の比が、質量比で98~20:2~80である、請求項2に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記成分(b)の含有量に対する前記成分(a)の含有量の比(成分(a)の含有量/成分(b)の含有量)が、質量比で0.0001~0.5である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記成分(a)の含有量が0.01~30質量%である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記第三級アルコールが、tert-アミルアルコール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、3-メチル-3-ペンタノール、2-メチル-2-ペンタノール、2-メチル-2-ヘキサノール、2-メチル-2-ヘプタノール、3-メチル-3-オクタノール、ジアセトンアルコール、テルピネオール及びベンジル酸からなる群から選択される一種以上である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記水不混和性有機溶剤が、芳香族系溶剤及び脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤の少なくとも一方である、請求項2~6のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記芳香族系溶剤が、トルエン、キシレン、アニソール、クメン及びベンジルアルコールからなる群から選択される一種以上である、請求項7に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤が、ヘキサン、オクタン、イソノナン、イソオクタン、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン及びメチルシクロペンタンからなる群から選択される一種以上である、請求項7に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 第一級アルコール及び第二級アルコールの合計の含有量が、0.1質量%以下である、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記成分(a)が、ポリアニリン、ポリアニリン誘導体、ポリチオフェン、ポリチオフェン誘導体、ポリピロール及びポリピロール誘導体からなる群から選択される1以上を含む請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記成分(a)が、ポリアニリンとプロトン供与体とを含むポリアニリン複合体であって、前記ポリアニリンが前記プロトン供与体でドープされている請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記プロトン供与体がスルホン酸又はスルホン酸塩である請求項12に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記スルホン酸又はスルホン酸塩が下記式(III)で示されるスルホコハク酸誘導体である請求項13に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
M(O3SCH(CH2COOR12)COOR13)m ・・・(III)
(式(III)において、
Mは、水素原子、有機遊離基又は無機遊離基であり、
mはMの価数であり、
R12及びR13は、それぞれ独立して、炭化水素基又は-(R14O)r-R15で表される基であり、R14は炭化水素基又はシリレン基であり、R15は水素原子、炭化水素基又はR16 3Si-で表される基であり、R16は炭化水素基であり、3つのR16は同一又は異なっていてもよく、rは1以上の整数である。) - 請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の導電性高分子組成物を成形してなる導電性成形体。
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