WO2022144958A1 - 車両制御装置、車両制御方法、およびプログラム - Google Patents
車両制御装置、車両制御方法、およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle control device, a vehicle control method, and a program.
- the presence or absence of high-precision map information is the criterion for determining whether or not autonomous driving is possible, but this is premised on the fact that the estimated position of the vehicle estimated in the system is accurate. For this reason, if the estimated position of the vehicle and the actual position of the vehicle are unintentionally deviated from each other, it becomes impossible to determine whether or not automatic driving is possible, which may hinder driving.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and is a vehicle control device and a vehicle control method capable of accurately grasping the running state of a vehicle and changing the control level of automatic driving under appropriate conditions. , And one of the purposes is to provide the program.
- the vehicle control device, the vehicle control method, and the program according to the present invention have adopted the following configurations.
- the vehicle control device of one aspect of the present invention is a vehicle control device that controls the automatic driving of the vehicle, and the current traveling state of the vehicle and the vehicle estimated in the control of the automatic driving.
- a calculation unit that calculates an index value indicating the accuracy of the estimated position of the vehicle based on the estimated driving state of the vehicle, and when the calculated index value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control level of the automatic driving is lowered. It is provided with a control unit for making the vehicle.
- the aspect (2) is the vehicle control device according to the above aspect (1), in which the calculation unit sets the current traveling direction of the vehicle and the target set in the control of the automatic driving as the index values.
- the control unit calculates the angle formed with the traveling direction of the track, and lowers the control level of the automatic driving when the calculated angle is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value.
- the embodiment (3) is the vehicle control device according to the embodiment (1), wherein the calculation unit uses the current traveling direction of the vehicle and the traveling direction of the recommended lane in the control of the automatic driving as the index values. When the calculated angle is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the control unit lowers the control level of the automatic operation.
- the embodiment (4) is the vehicle control device according to the embodiment (1), wherein the calculation unit uses the current traveling direction of the vehicle and peripheral information of the vehicle in the control of the automatic driving as the index values.
- the control unit calculates the angle formed with the traveling direction of the traveling lane recognized based on the above, and lowers the control level of the automatic driving when the calculated angle is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value. ..
- the aspect (5) is the vehicle control device according to any one of the above aspects (2) to (4), wherein the calculation unit determines the current traveling direction of the vehicle based on the radio wave arriving from the artificial satellite. It is to be calculated.
- the aspect (6) is in the vehicle control device according to the above aspect (1), in which the calculation unit uses the current position of the vehicle as the index value and the map estimated in the control of the automatic driving. The distance to the estimated position of the vehicle is calculated, and the control unit lowers the control level of the automatic driving when the calculated distance is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value.
- the embodiment (7) is the vehicle control device according to the embodiment (6), wherein the calculation unit calculates the current position of the vehicle based on the radio waves arriving from the artificial satellite.
- the computer mounted on the vehicle uses the current traveling state of the vehicle and the estimated traveling state of the vehicle estimated in the control of the automatic driving of the vehicle. Based on the above, an index value indicating the accuracy of the estimated position of the vehicle is calculated, and when the calculated index value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control level of the automatic driving is lowered.
- a program uses a computer mounted on the vehicle to display the current running state of the vehicle and the estimated running state of the vehicle estimated in the control of the automatic driving of the vehicle. Based on this, an index value indicating the accuracy of the estimated position of the vehicle is calculated, and when the calculated index value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control level of the automatic driving is lowered.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle system 1 using the vehicle control device according to the embodiment.
- the vehicle on which the vehicle system 1 is mounted is, for example, a vehicle such as a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, or a four-wheeled vehicle, and the drive source thereof is an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, an electric motor, or a combination thereof.
- the electric motor operates by using the electric power generated by the generator connected to the internal combustion engine or the electric power generated by the secondary battery or the fuel cell.
- the vehicle system 1 includes, for example, a camera 10, a radar device 12, a LIDAR (Light Detection and Ringing) 14, an object recognition device 16, a communication device 20, an HMI (Human Machine Interface) 30, and a vehicle sensor 40. , Navigation device 50, MPU (Map Positioning Unit) 60, driver monitor camera 70, driving controller 80, automatic driving control device 100, traveling driving force output device 200, braking device 210, steering device 220. And prepare. These devices and devices are connected to each other by multiple communication lines such as CAN (Controller Area Network) communication lines, serial communication lines, wireless communication networks, and the like.
- CAN Controller Area Network
- the camera 10 is a digital camera that uses a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor).
- the camera 10 is attached to an arbitrary position of the vehicle on which the vehicle system 1 is mounted (hereinafter referred to as the own vehicle M).
- the own vehicle M When photographing the front, the camera 10 is attached to the upper part of the front windshield, the back surface of the rear-view mirror, and the like.
- the camera 10 periodically and repeatedly images the periphery of the own vehicle M, for example.
- the camera 10 may be a stereo camera.
- the radar device 12 radiates radio waves such as millimeter waves around the own vehicle M, and also detects radio waves (reflected waves) reflected by the object to detect at least the position (distance and direction) of the object.
- the radar device 12 is attached to an arbitrary position on the own vehicle M.
- the radar device 12 may detect the position and velocity of the object by the FM-CW (Frequency Modified Continuous Wave) method.
- FM-CW Frequency Modified Continuous Wave
- the LIDAR14 irradiates the periphery of the own vehicle M with light (or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength close to that of light) and measures scattered light.
- the LIDAR 14 detects the distance to the object based on the time from light emission to light reception.
- the emitted light is, for example, a pulsed laser beam.
- the LIDAR 14 is attached to any position on the own vehicle M.
- the object recognition device 16 performs sensor fusion processing on the detection results of a part or all of the camera 10, the radar device 12, and the LIDAR 14, and recognizes the position, type, speed, and the like of the object.
- the object recognition device 16 outputs the recognition result to the automatic operation control device 100.
- the object recognition device 16 may output the detection results of the camera 10, the radar device 12, and the LIDAR 14 to the automatic operation control device 100 as they are.
- the object recognition device 16 may be omitted from the vehicle system 1.
- the communication device 20 communicates with another vehicle existing in the vicinity of the own vehicle M by using, for example, a cellular network, a Wi-Fi network, Bluetooth (registered trademark), DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), or wirelessly. Communicates with various server devices via the base station.
- a cellular network for example, a Wi-Fi network, Bluetooth (registered trademark), DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), or wirelessly.
- the HMI 30 presents various information to the occupants of the own vehicle M and accepts input operations by the occupants.
- the HMI 30 includes various display devices, speakers, buzzers, touch panels, switches, keys and the like.
- the vehicle sensor 40 includes a vehicle speed sensor that detects the speed of the own vehicle M, an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration, an orientation sensor that detects the direction of the own vehicle M, and the like.
- the navigation device 50 includes, for example, a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver 51, a navigation HMI 52, and a route determination unit 53.
- the navigation device 50 holds the first map information 54 in a storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or a flash memory.
- the GNSS receiver 51 identifies the position of the own vehicle M based on the signal (radio wave arriving from the artificial satellite) received from the GNSS satellite.
- the position of the own vehicle M may be specified or complemented by an INS (Inertial Navigation System) using the output of the vehicle sensor 40.
- the navigation HMI 52 includes a display device, a speaker, a touch panel, keys, and the like.
- the navigation HMI 52 may be partially or wholly shared with the above-mentioned HMI 30.
- the route determination unit 53 for example, has a route from the position of the own vehicle M (or an arbitrary position input) specified by the GNSS receiver 51 to the destination input by the occupant using the navigation HMI 52 (hereinafter,).
- the route on the map) is determined with reference to the first map information 54.
- the first map information 54 is, for example, information in which the road shape is expressed by a link indicating a road and a node connected by the link.
- the first map information 54 may include road curvature, POI (Point Of Interest) information, and the like.
- the route on the map is output to MPU60.
- the navigation device 50 may provide route guidance using the navigation HMI 52 based on the route on the map.
- the navigation device 50 may be realized by, for example, the function of a terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet terminal owned by an occupant.
- the navigation device 50 may transmit the current position and the destination to the navigation server via the communication device 20 and acquire a route equivalent to the route on the map from the navigation server.
- the MPU 60 includes, for example, a recommended lane determination unit 61, and holds the second map information 62 in a storage device such as an HDD or a flash memory.
- the recommended lane determination unit 61 is realized by executing a program (software) by a hardware processor (computer) such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- a hardware processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the recommended lane determination unit 61 includes hardware (circuit unit; circuitry) such as LSI (Large Scale Integration), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). ), Or it may be realized by the collaboration of software and hardware.
- the program may be stored in advance in a storage device of the MPU 60 (a storage device including a non-transient storage medium), or is stored in a removable storage medium such as a DVD or a CD-ROM, and is stored in the storage medium. (Non-transient storage medium) may be attached to the storage device of the MPU 60 by being attached to the drive device.
- a storage device of the MPU 60 a storage device including a non-transient storage medium
- a removable storage medium such as a DVD or a CD-ROM
- the recommended lane determination unit 61 divides the route on the map provided by the navigation device 50 into a plurality of blocks (for example, divides the route into 100 [m] units with respect to the vehicle traveling direction), and refers to the second map information 62. Determine the recommended lane for each block.
- the recommended lane determination unit 61 determines which lane to drive from the left. When a branch point exists on the route on the map, the recommended lane determination unit 61 determines the recommended lane so that the own vehicle M can travel on a reasonable route to proceed to the branch destination.
- the second map information 62 is map information with higher accuracy than the first map information 54.
- the second map information 62 includes, for example, information on the center of the lane, information on the boundary of the lane, and the like. Further, the second map information 62 includes road information, traffic regulation information, address information (address / zip code), facility information, telephone number information, information on prohibited sections in which mode A or mode B, which will be described later, is prohibited. May be included.
- the second map information 62 may be updated at any time by the communication device 20 communicating with another device.
- the driver monitor camera 70 is, for example, a digital camera that uses a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD or CMOS.
- the driver monitor camera 70 is a position and orientation in which the head of an occupant (hereinafter referred to as a driver) seated in the driver's seat of the own vehicle M can be imaged from the front (in the direction in which the face is imaged), and is arbitrary in the own vehicle M. It can be attached to a place.
- the driver monitor camera 70 is attached to the upper part of the display device provided in the central portion of the instrument panel of the own vehicle M.
- the driving controller 80 includes, for example, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a shift lever, and other controls in addition to the steering wheel 82.
- a sensor for detecting the amount of operation or the presence or absence of operation is attached to the operation controller 80. The detection result of the sensor is output to the automatic driving control device 100, or is output to a part or all of the traveling driving force output device 200, the brake device 210, and the steering device 220.
- the steering wheel 82 is an example of an “operator that accepts a steering operation by the driver”.
- the steering wheel 82 does not necessarily have to be annular, and may be in the form of a modified steering wheel, a joystick, a button, or the like.
- a steering grip sensor 84 is attached to the steering wheel 82.
- the steering grip sensor 84 is realized by a capacitance sensor or the like, and automatically outputs a signal capable of detecting whether or not the driver is gripping the steering wheel 82 (meaning that the steering wheel 82 is in contact with the steering wheel 82). It is output to the operation control device 100.
- the automatic operation control device 100 includes, for example, a first control unit 120 and a second control unit 160.
- the first control unit 120 and the second control unit 160 are realized by, for example, a hardware processor (computer) such as a CPU executing a program (software), respectively. Further, some or all of these components may be realized by hardware such as LSI, ASIC, FPGA, GPU (circuit unit; including circuitry), or realized by collaboration between software and hardware. May be done.
- the program may be stored in advance in a storage device (a storage device including a non-transient storage medium) such as an HDD or a flash memory of the automatic operation control device 100, or may be detachable such as a DVD or a CD-ROM. It is stored in a storage medium, and may be installed in the HDD or flash memory of the automatic operation control device 100 by mounting the storage medium (non-transient storage medium) in the drive device.
- FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram of the first control unit 120 and the second control unit 160.
- the first control unit 120 includes, for example, a recognition unit 130, an action plan generation unit 140, and a mode determination unit 150.
- the automatic driving control device 100 is an example of a “vehicle control device”.
- the first control unit 120 realizes a function by AI (Artificial Intelligence) and a function by a model given in advance in parallel. For example, the function of "recognizing an intersection” is executed in parallel with the recognition of an intersection by deep learning or the like and the recognition based on predetermined conditions (there are signals that can be matched with patterns, road markings, etc.). It may be realized by scoring and comprehensively evaluating. This ensures the reliability of automated driving.
- AI Artificial Intelligence
- a function by a model given in advance in parallel For example, the function of "recognizing an intersection” is executed in parallel with the recognition of an intersection by deep learning or the like and the recognition based on predetermined conditions (there are signals that can be matched with patterns, road markings, etc.). It may be realized by scoring and comprehensively evaluating. This ensures the reliability of automated driving.
- the recognition unit 130 recognizes the position, speed, acceleration, and other states of objects around the own vehicle M based on the information input from the camera 10, the radar device 12, and the LIDAR 14 via the object recognition device 16. do.
- the position of the object is recognized as, for example, a position on absolute coordinates with the representative point (center of gravity, center of drive axis, etc.) of the own vehicle M as the origin, and is used for control.
- the position of the object may be represented by a representative point such as the center of gravity or a corner of the object, or may be represented by a region.
- the "state" of an object may include the object's acceleration, jerk, or "behavioral state” (eg, whether it is changing lanes or is about to change lanes).
- the recognition unit 130 recognizes, for example, the lane (traveling lane) in which the own vehicle M is traveling.
- the recognition unit 130 has a road lane marking pattern (for example, an arrangement of a solid line and a broken line) obtained from the second map information 62 and a road lane marking around the own vehicle M recognized from the image captured by the camera 10. By comparing with the pattern of, the driving lane is recognized.
- the recognition unit 130 may recognize the traveling lane by recognizing not only the road marking line but also the running road boundary (road boundary) including the road marking line, the shoulder, the median strip, the guardrail, and the like. .. In this recognition, the position of the own vehicle M acquired from the navigation device 50 and the processing result by the INS may be added.
- the recognition unit 130 also recognizes stop lines, obstacles, red lights, tollhouses, and other road events.
- the recognition unit 130 When recognizing the traveling lane, the recognition unit 130 recognizes the position and posture of the own vehicle M with respect to the traveling lane.
- the recognition unit 130 determines, for example, the deviation of the reference point of the own vehicle M from the center of the lane and the angle formed with respect to the line connecting the center of the lane in the traveling direction of the own vehicle M with respect to the relative position of the own vehicle M with respect to the traveling lane. And may be recognized as a posture. Instead, the recognition unit 130 recognizes the position of the reference point of the own vehicle M with respect to any side end portion (road division line or road boundary) of the traveling lane as the relative position of the own vehicle M with respect to the traveling lane. You may.
- the action plan generation unit 140 travels in the recommended lane determined by the recommended lane determination unit 61, and the own vehicle M automatically (driver) so as to be able to respond to the surrounding conditions of the own vehicle M.
- the target trajectory contains, for example, a speed element.
- the target track is expressed as an arrangement of points (track points) to be reached by the own vehicle M in order.
- the track point is a point to be reached by the own vehicle M for each predetermined mileage (for example, about several [m]) along the road, and separately, for a predetermined sampling time (for example, about 0 comma number [sec]).
- Target velocity and target acceleration are generated as part of the target trajectory.
- the track point may be a position to be reached by the own vehicle M at the sampling time for each predetermined sampling time. In this case, the information of the target velocity and the target acceleration is expressed by the interval of the orbital points.
- the action plan generation unit 140 may set an event for automatic driving when generating a target trajectory.
- Autonomous driving events include constant speed driving events, low speed following driving events, lane change events, branching events, merging events, takeover events, and the like.
- the action plan generation unit 140 generates a target trajectory according to the activated event.
- the mode determination unit 150 determines the operation mode of the own vehicle M to be one of a plurality of operation modes in which the task imposed on the driver is different.
- the mode determination unit 150 includes, for example, a driver state determination unit 152, a mode change processing unit 154, an acquisition unit 156, and an index value calculation unit 158. These individual functions will be described later.
- the mode change processing unit 154 is an example of a “control unit”.
- the index value calculation unit 158 is an example of the “calculation unit”. Alternatively, the combination of the index value calculation unit 158 and the GNSS receiver 51 is an example of the “calculation unit”.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence relationship between the driving mode, the control state of the own vehicle M, and the task.
- the operation mode of the own vehicle M includes, for example, five modes from mode A to mode E.
- the degree of automation (control level) of the operation control of the own vehicle M is the highest in the control state, followed by mode B, mode C, and mode D, and mode E is the lowest.
- the task imposed on the driver is the mildest in mode A, followed by mode B, mode C, and mode D in that order, and mode E is the most severe. Since the modes D and E are in a control state that is not automatic driving, the automatic driving control device 100 is responsible for ending the control related to automatic driving and shifting to driving support or manual driving.
- the contents of each operation mode will be illustrated.
- mode A the vehicle is in an automatic driving state, and neither forward monitoring nor gripping of the steering wheel 82 (steering gripping in the figure) is imposed on the driver.
- the driver is required to be in a position to quickly shift to manual operation in response to a request from the system centered on the automatic operation control device 100.
- automated driving as used herein means that both steering and acceleration / deceleration are controlled without depending on the driver's operation.
- the front means the space in the traveling direction of the own vehicle M that is visually recognized through the front windshield.
- Mode A is a condition that the own vehicle M is traveling at a predetermined speed (for example, about 50 [km / h]) or less on a motorway such as an expressway, and there is a vehicle in front to be followed. It is an operation mode that can be executed when is satisfied, and may be referred to as TJP (Traffic Jam Pilot). When this condition is no longer satisfied, the mode determination unit 150 changes the operation mode of the own vehicle M to the mode B.
- TJP Traffic Jam Pilot
- Mode B the driver is in a driving support state, and the driver is tasked with monitoring the front of the own vehicle M (hereinafter referred to as forward monitoring), but is not tasked with gripping the steering wheel 82.
- mode C the driving support state is set, and the driver is tasked with the task of forward monitoring and the task of gripping the steering wheel 82.
- Mode D is a driving mode that requires a certain degree of driving operation by the driver with respect to at least one of steering and acceleration / deceleration of the own vehicle M.
- driving support such as ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) or LKAS (Lane Keeping Assist System) is provided.
- mode E both steering and acceleration / deceleration are in a state of manual operation that requires a driving operation by the driver.
- mode D and mode E the driver is naturally tasked with monitoring the front of the vehicle M.
- the automatic driving control device 100 executes the lane change according to the driving mode.
- the lane change includes a lane change (1) according to a system request and a lane change (2) according to a driver request.
- the lane change (1) is to change the lane for overtaking and to proceed toward the destination, which is performed when the speed of the vehicle in front is smaller than the standard with respect to the speed of the own vehicle.
- There is a lane change (a lane change due to a change in the recommended lane).
- the lane change (2) changes the lane of the own vehicle M toward the operation direction when the direction indicator is operated by the driver when the conditions related to the speed and the positional relationship with the surrounding vehicles are satisfied. It is something that makes you.
- the automatic driving control device 100 does not execute either the lane change (1) or (2) in the mode A.
- the automatic driving control device 100 executes both the lane change (1) and (2) in modes B and C.
- the driving support device (not shown) does not execute the lane change (1) but executes the lane change (2) in the mode D. In mode E, neither lane change (1) nor (2) is executed.
- the mode determination unit 150 changes the operation mode of the own vehicle M to an operation mode in which the task is more severe when the task related to the determined operation mode (hereinafter referred to as the current operation mode) is not executed by the driver.
- the mode determination unit 150 uses the HMI 30 to urge the driver to shift to manual driving, and if the driver does not respond, the own vehicle M is moved to the shoulder of the road and gradually stopped, and automatic driving is stopped. I do. After the automatic driving is stopped, the own vehicle is in the mode D or E, and the own vehicle M can be started by the manual operation of the driver.
- stop automatic operation when the driver is in a position where he / she cannot shift to manual driving in response to a request from the system (for example, when he / she continues to look outside the permissible area or when a sign that driving becomes difficult is detected. ).
- the mode determination unit 150 urges the driver to monitor the front using the HMI 30, and if the driver does not respond, the vehicle M is brought to the shoulder and gradually stopped. , Stop automatic operation, and so on. If the driver is not monitoring the front in mode C, or is not gripping the steering wheel 82, the mode determination unit 150 uses the HMI 30 to give the driver forward monitoring and / or grip the steering wheel 82. If the driver does not respond, the vehicle M is brought closer to the road shoulder and gradually stopped, and automatic driving is stopped.
- the driver state determination unit 152 monitors the driver's state for the above mode change, and determines whether or not the driver's state is in a state corresponding to the task. For example, the driver state determination unit 152 analyzes the image captured by the driver monitor camera 70 and performs posture estimation processing, and whether or not the driver is in a position where he / she cannot shift to manual driving in response to a request from the system. To judge. Further, the driver state determination unit 152 analyzes the image captured by the driver monitor camera 70 and performs line-of-sight estimation processing to determine whether or not the driver is monitoring the front.
- the mode change processing unit 154 performs various processes for changing the mode. For example, the mode change processing unit 154 instructs the action plan generation unit 140 to generate a target trajectory for shoulder stop, gives an operation instruction to a driving support device (not shown), and gives an action to the driver. HMI30 is controlled to encourage. Further, the mode change processing unit 154 lowers the control level when the index value calculated by the index value calculation unit 158 described later is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value or larger than the threshold value (hereinafter, simply referred to as “threshold value or higher”). Let me.
- the acquisition unit 156 is information on the target trajectory (track point) generated by the action plan generation unit 140, and the estimated position of the own vehicle M specified by the action plan generation unit 140 (hereinafter referred to as "estimated vehicle position").
- Information, information on the recommended lane determined by the recommended lane determination unit 61, information on the position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51, information on the traveling lane recognized by the recognition unit 130, and the like are acquired.
- the index value calculation unit 158 is an estimated vehicle of the own vehicle M based on the current running state of the own vehicle M and the estimated running state of the own vehicle M estimated in the control of the automatic driving of the automatic driving control device 100. Calculate an index value indicating the accuracy of the position.
- the estimated vehicle position is the current position of the own vehicle M (position on the second map information 62) on the target track determined by the action plan generation unit 140.
- the estimated vehicle position is the current position of the own vehicle M on the recommended lane determined by the recommended lane determination unit 61 of the MPU 60, or the current position of the own vehicle M on the traveling lane recognized by the recognition unit 130. May be good.
- the index value calculation unit 158 includes the traveling direction of the target trajectory generated by the action plan generation unit 140 (hereinafter referred to as “target trajectory traveling direction”) and the current position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51.
- the index value is calculated based on the traveling direction of the own vehicle M (hereinafter, referred to as “current traveling direction”) calculated based on the change in the above.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the angle (difference) between the target trajectory traveling direction and the current traveling direction as the index value.
- the index value calculation unit 158 may calculate, as an index value, the angle formed by the traveling direction of the recommended lane determined by the recommended lane determining unit 61 and the current traveling direction.
- the index value calculation unit 158 may calculate, as an index value, the angle formed by the traveling direction of the traveling lane recognized by the recognition unit 130 and the current traveling direction.
- the above angle is an example of an "index value”.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the angle formed by the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M and the traveling direction of the target track set in the control of automatic driving as the index value, and the mode change processing unit 154. Decreases the control level of automated driving when the calculated angle is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold. Further, the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the angle formed by the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M and the traveling direction of the recommended lane in the control of automatic driving as the index value, and the mode change processing unit 154 is calculated. When the angle is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the control level of automatic operation is lowered.
- the index value calculation unit 158 determines, as an index value, an angle formed by the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M and the traveling direction of the traveling lane recognized based on the peripheral information of the own vehicle M in the control of automatic driving.
- the mode change processing unit 154 lowers the control level of the automatic operation.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M based on the radio waves arriving from the artificial satellite.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the index value based on the estimated vehicle position and the current position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51 (hereinafter referred to as “current vehicle position”). For example, the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the distance (difference, misalignment) between the estimated vehicle position and the current vehicle position as the index value. The above distance is an example of "index value”.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates, as an index value, the distance between the current position of the own vehicle M and the estimated position of the own vehicle M on the high-precision map estimated in the control of automatic driving.
- the mode change processing unit 154 lowers the control level of the automatic operation.
- the second control unit 160 has a traveling driving force output device 200, a brake device 210, so that the own vehicle M passes the target trajectory generated by the action plan generation unit 140 at the scheduled time. And controls the steering device 220.
- the second control unit 160 includes, for example, an acquisition unit 162, a speed control unit 164, and a steering control unit 166.
- the acquisition unit 162 acquires the information of the target trajectory (orbit point) generated by the action plan generation unit 140 and stores it in a memory (not shown).
- the speed control unit 164 controls the traveling driving force output device 200 or the brake device 210 based on the speed element associated with the target trajectory stored in the memory.
- the steering control unit 166 controls the steering device 220 according to the degree of bending of the target trajectory stored in the memory.
- the processing of the speed control unit 164 and the steering control unit 166 is realized by, for example, a combination of feedforward control and feedback control.
- the steering control unit 166 executes a combination of feedforward control according to the curvature of the road in front of the own vehicle M and feedback control based on the deviation from the target track.
- the traveling driving force output device 200 outputs the traveling driving force (torque) for the vehicle to travel to the drive wheels.
- the traveling driving force output device 200 includes, for example, a combination of an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, a transmission, and the like, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls them.
- the ECU controls the above configuration according to the information input from the second control unit 160 or the information input from the operation controller 80.
- the brake device 210 includes, for example, a brake caliper, a cylinder that transmits hydraulic pressure to the brake caliper, an electric motor that generates hydraulic pressure in the cylinder, and a brake ECU.
- the brake ECU controls the electric motor according to the information input from the second control unit 160 or the information input from the operation controller 80 so that the brake torque corresponding to the braking operation is output to each wheel.
- the brake device 210 may include a mechanism for transmitting the hydraulic pressure generated by the operation of the brake pedal included in the operation operator 80 to the cylinder via the master cylinder as a backup.
- the brake device 210 is not limited to the configuration described above, and is an electronically controlled hydraulic brake device that controls the actuator according to the information input from the second control unit 160 to transmit the hydraulic pressure of the master cylinder to the cylinder. May be good.
- the steering device 220 includes, for example, a steering ECU and an electric motor.
- the electric motor for example, exerts a force on the rack and pinion mechanism to change the direction of the steering wheel.
- the steering ECU drives the electric motor according to the information input from the second control unit 160 or the information input from the operation controller 80, and changes the direction of the steering wheel.
- the abnormality means that, for example, the estimated vehicle position of the own vehicle M and the actual position of the own vehicle M are deviated from each other, and it becomes necessary to change the control level of the automatic driving.
- the causes of this abnormality include, for example, an abnormality in the positioning data which is the original data used for estimating the estimated vehicle position of the own vehicle M (positioning data cannot be acquired, the accuracy of the positioning data is low, etc.), and high accuracy.
- the map may be abnormal.
- the abnormality of the positioning data is, for example, when a hardware or software failure occurs in the GNSS receiver 51, or when the own vehicle M emits another radio wave having the same frequency band as the radio wave of the GNSS satellite. It can occur when traveling, when a failure of a GNSS satellite (for example, a quasi-zenith satellite, etc.) has occurred. Abnormalities in high-precision maps can occur when the information on newly opened roads is not reflected, or when the data in the map information is incorrect or missing.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of abnormality determination processing by the first control unit 120.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a scene in which an abnormality has occurred in the traveling state of the own vehicle M.
- the own vehicle M is controlled by automatic driving in the operation mode (for example, mode A or mode B) determined by the mode determination unit 150 along the target trajectory generated by the action plan generation unit 140. It is assumed that the vehicle is running. Further, a case where the information of the target trajectory generated by the action plan generation unit 140 is used for the calculation of the index value will be described as an example.
- the mode determination unit 150 waits until the execution condition is satisfied (step S100).
- the execution condition is a condition for executing the abnormality determination process of this flowchart, and includes some of the following conditions.
- the acquisition unit 156 of the mode determination unit 150 acquires the information of the target track of the own vehicle M generated by the action plan generation unit 140 (step S102).
- the acquisition unit 156 acquires the information on the current vehicle position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51 (step S104).
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M based on the acquired information on the current vehicle position of the own vehicle M (step S106). For example, the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the current traveling direction of the own vehicle M based on the time change of the current vehicle position of the own vehicle M. Since this current traveling direction is calculated using the latest current vehicle position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51, it can be estimated to be the accurate traveling direction of the current own vehicle M.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the angle formed by the target trajectory traveling direction based on the acquired target trajectory and the calculated current traveling direction (step S108).
- the own vehicle M traveling under the control of automatic driving along the target tracks T1, T2, and T3 set on the road R1 unintentionally deviates from the target track at the point P1. It shows a scene where the vehicle has entered the road RE located on the left side of the direction of travel. That is, the own vehicle M, which should have been located at the point P2 on the road R1 when the vehicle was normally driven along the target track under the control of automatic driving, is actually located at the point PE on the road RE. It shows the scene where you are doing.
- the target orbital traveling direction at the point P2 is the direction D1
- the current traveling direction at the point PE is the direction DE.
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the angle ⁇ formed by the target trajectory traveling direction D1 and the current traveling direction DE.
- the mode change processing unit 154 determines whether or not the calculated angle ⁇ is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value (step S110).
- This threshold is set to a value at which it can be determined that the vehicle is traveling on a different road.
- the calculated angle ⁇ is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it can be determined that the vehicle is traveling on a different road (that is, it can be determined that the estimated vehicle position and the current vehicle position are out of alignment and an abnormality has occurred. ).
- the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated angle ⁇ is not equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 continues the control of the automatic operation in the current operation mode without changing the operation mode of the automatic operation.
- the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated angle ⁇ is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 changes to the automatic operation mode having a lower control level (step S112). For example, when the operation mode of the own vehicle M is mode A or mode B, the mode change processing unit 154 changes to mode C, mode D, or mode E having a lower control level than mode B. In other words, when the driving mode of the own vehicle M is mode A or mode B, the mode change processing unit 154 has a heavier duty (task) on the occupant than mode B, mode C, mode D, or mode E. Change to.
- Mode A and Mode B are modes in which the occupant is not obliged to hold the steering wheel 82.
- the mode C, the mode D, and the mode E are modes in which the occupant is obliged to hold the steering wheel 82. Therefore, when the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated angle ⁇ is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 changes the driving mode of the own vehicle M to a mode in which the occupant is obliged to grip the steering wheel 82. Will be done. This ends the processing of this flowchart.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing another example of the abnormality determination process by the first control unit 120.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of a scene in which an abnormality has occurred in the traveling state of the own vehicle M.
- the own vehicle M is controlled by automatic driving in the operation mode (for example, mode A or mode B) determined by the mode determination unit 150 along the target trajectory generated by the action plan generation unit 140. It is assumed that the vehicle is running. Further, a case where the information of the estimated vehicle position of the own vehicle M specified by the action plan generation unit 140 is used for the calculation of the index value will be described as an example.
- the mode determination unit 150 waits until the execution condition is satisfied (step S200).
- the execution condition is a condition for executing the abnormality determination process of this flowchart, and includes some of the following conditions.
- the acquisition unit 156 of the mode determination unit 150 acquires the information of the estimated vehicle position of the own vehicle M specified by the action plan generation unit 140 (step S202).
- the acquisition unit 156 acquires the information on the current vehicle position of the own vehicle M measured by the GNSS receiver 51 (step S204).
- the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the distance between the acquired estimated vehicle position and the acquired current vehicle position (step S206).
- the own vehicle M traveling under the control of automatic driving along the target tracks T1, T2, and T3 set on the road R1 unintentionally deviates from the target track at the point P1. It shows a scene where the vehicle has entered the road RE located on the left side of the direction of travel. That is, the own vehicle M, which should have been located at the point P2 on the road R1 when the vehicle was normally driven along the target track under the control of automatic driving, is actually located at the point PE on the road RE. It shows the scene where you are doing. In this case, the index value calculation unit 158 calculates the distance DS between the point P2 and the point PE.
- the mode change processing unit 154 determines whether or not the calculated distance DS is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value (step S208).
- a predetermined threshold value is set to a value at which it can be determined that the vehicle is traveling on a different road. If the calculated distance DS is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it can be determined that the vehicle is traveling on a different road (that is, it can be determined that the estimated vehicle position and the current vehicle position are out of alignment and an abnormality has occurred. ). On the other hand, if the calculated distance DS is not equal to or greater than the threshold value, it can be determined that the vehicle is traveling on the same road (that is, there is no deviation between the estimated vehicle position and the current vehicle position, and no abnormality has occurred. Can be judged). When the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated distance DS is not equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 continues the control of the automatic operation in the current operation mode without changing the operation mode of the automatic operation.
- the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated distance DS is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 changes to the automatic operation mode having a lower control level (step S210). For example, when the operation mode of the own vehicle M is mode A or mode B, the mode change processing unit 154 changes to mode C, mode D, or mode E having a lower control level than mode B. In other words, when the driving mode of the own vehicle M is mode A or mode B, the mode change processing unit 154 has a heavier duty (task) on the occupant than mode B, mode C, mode D, or mode E. Change to.
- Mode A and Mode B are modes in which the occupant is not obliged to hold the steering wheel 82.
- the mode C, the mode D, and the mode E are modes in which the occupant is obliged to hold the steering wheel 82. Therefore, when the mode change processing unit 154 determines that the calculated distance DS is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the mode change processing unit 154 changes the driving mode of the own vehicle M to a mode in which the occupant is obliged to hold the steering wheel 82. Will be done. This ends the processing of this flowchart.
- the accuracy of the estimated position of the own vehicle M is shown based on the current running state of the own vehicle M and the estimated running state of the own vehicle M estimated in the control of automatic driving. It includes an index value calculation unit 158 (calculation unit) that calculates an index value, and a mode change processing unit 154 (control unit) that lowers the control level of automatic operation when the calculated index value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value. This makes it possible to accurately grasp the running state of the vehicle and change the control level of automatic driving under appropriate conditions.
- a vehicle control device that controls the automatic driving of a vehicle.
- a storage device that stores the program and With a hardware processor, When the hardware processor executes the program, Based on the current running state of the vehicle and the estimated running state of the vehicle estimated in the control of the automatic driving, an index value indicating the accuracy of the estimated position of the vehicle is calculated. When the calculated index value is equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control level of the automatic operation is lowered.
- Vehicle control unit that controls the automatic driving of a vehicle.
Abstract
Description
(1)この発明の一態様の車両制御装置は、車両の自動運転の制御を行う車両制御装置であって、前記車両の現在の走行状態と、前記自動運転の制御において推定されている前記車両の推定走行状態とに基づいて、前記車両の推定位置の精度を示す指標値を算出する算出部と、算出された前記指標値が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる制御部と、を備えるものである。
図1は、実施形態に係る車両制御装置を利用した車両システム1の構成図である。車両システム1が搭載される車両は、例えば、二輪や三輪、四輪等の車両であり、その駆動源は、ディーゼルエンジンやガソリンエンジンなどの内燃機関、電動機、或いはこれらの組み合わせである。電動機は、内燃機関に連結された発電機による発電電力、或いは二次電池や燃料電池の放電電力を使用して動作する。
以下、フローチャートを用いて、第1制御部120による異常判定処理について説明する。異常とは、例えば、自車両Mの推定車両位置と、自車両Mの実際の位置とがずれており、自動運転の制御レベルを変更する必要が生じることをいう。この異常の原因としては、例えば、自車両Mの推定車両位置の推定に使用された元データである測位データの異常(測位データが取得できていない、測位データの精度が低いなど)、高精度地図の異常などが考えられる。測位データの異常は、例えば、GNSS受信機51にハードウェア的またはソフトウェア的な故障が発生した場合や、GNSS衛星の電波と周波数帯域が同じ他の電波が発信されている場所を自車両Mが走行している場合、GNSS衛星(例えば準天頂衛星等)の障害が生じている場合などにおいて発生し得る。高精度地図の異常は、新規開通された道路の情報が反映されていないことや、地図情報のデータが誤っているまたは欠損している場合などにおいて発生し得る。
条件(ii):自車両MがモードA又はモードBの禁止区間を走行していない。
条件(iii):自動運転制御装置100内の第2地図情報62を用いた処理において異常が生じていない。
以下、フローチャートを用いて、第1制御部120による異常判定処理の他の例について説明する。図6は、第1制御部120による異常判定処理の他の例を表すフローチャートである。図7は、自車両Mの走行状態に異常が発生している場面の他の例を表す図である。以下の説明においては、行動計画生成部140により生成された目標軌道に沿って、自車両Mがモード決定部150によって決定された運転モード(例えば、モードAまたはモードB)で自動運転の制御により走行しているものとする。また、指標値の算出に、行動計画生成部140により特定された自車両Mの推定車両位置の情報を用いる場合を例にあげて説明する。
条件(ii):自車両MがモードA又はモードBの禁止区間を走行していない。
条件(iii):自動運転制御装置100内の第2地図情報62を用いた処理において異常が生じていない。
車両の自動運転の制御を行う車両制御装置であって、
プログラムを記憶した記憶装置と、
ハードウェアプロセッサと、を備え、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサが前記プログラムを実行することにより、
前記車両の現在の走行状態と、前記自動運転の制御において推定されている前記車両の推定走行状態とに基づいて、前記車両の推定位置の精度を示す指標値を算出し、
算出された前記指標値が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
車両制御装置。
12 レーダ装置
14 LIDAR
16 物体認識装置
20 通信装置
30 HMI
40 車両センサ
50 ナビゲーション装置
51 GNSS受信機
52 ナビHMI
53 経路決定部
54 第1地図情報
60 MPU
61 推奨車線決定部
62 第2地図情報
70 ドライバモニタカメラ
82 ステアリングホイール
84 ステアリング把持センサ
100 自動運転制御装置
120 第1制御部
130 認識部
140 行動計画生成部
150 モード決定部
152 運転者状態判定部
154 モード変更処理部
156 取得部
158 指標値算出部
160 第2制御部
162 取得部
164 速度制御部
166 操舵制御部
200 走行駆動力出力装置
210 ブレーキ装置
220 ステアリング装置
Claims (9)
- 車両の自動運転の制御を行う車両制御装置であって、
前記車両の現在の走行状態と、前記自動運転の制御において推定されている前記車両の推定走行状態とに基づいて、前記車両の推定位置の精度を示す指標値を算出する算出部と、
算出された前記指標値が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる制御部と、
を備える車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記指標値として、前記車両の現在の進行方向と、前記自動運転の制御において設定されている目標軌道の進行方向との成す角度を算出し、
前記制御部は、算出された前記角度が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記指標値として、前記車両の現在の進行方向と、前記自動運転の制御における推奨車線の進行方向との成す角度を算出し、
前記制御部は、算出された前記角度が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記指標値として、前記車両の現在の進行方向と、前記自動運転の制御における前記車両の周辺情報に基づいて認識された走行車線の進行方向との成す角度を算出し、
前記制御部は、算出された前記角度が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、人工衛星から到来する電波に基づいて、前記車両の現在の進行方向を算出する、
請求項2から4の何れか一項に記載の車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記指標値として、前記車両の現在の位置と、前記自動運転の制御において推定されている地図上の前記車両の推定位置との間の距離を算出し、
前記制御部は、算出された前記距離が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
請求項1に記載の車両制御装置。 - 前記算出部は、人工衛星から到来する電波に基づいて、前記車両の現在の位置を算出する、
請求項6に記載の車両制御装置。 - 車両に搭載されたコンピュータが、
前記車両の現在の走行状態と、前記車両の自動運転の制御において推定されている前記車両の推定走行状態とに基づいて、前記車両の推定位置の精度を示す指標値を算出し、
算出された前記指標値が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
車両制御方法。 - 車両に搭載されたコンピュータに、
前記車両の現在の走行状態と、前記車両の自動運転の制御において推定されている前記車両の推定走行状態とに基づいて、前記車両の推定位置の精度を示す指標値を算出させ、
算出された前記指標値が所定の閾値以上である場合、前記自動運転の制御レベルを低下させる、
プログラム。
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