WO2022137499A1 - 摩耗量推定装置、摩耗量学習装置、および摩耗量監視システム - Google Patents
摩耗量推定装置、摩耗量学習装置、および摩耗量監視システム Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
- B65G43/02—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting detecting dangerous physical condition of load carriers, e.g. for interrupting the drive in the event of overheating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G54/00—Non-mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
- B65G54/02—Non-mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for electrostatic, electric, or magnetic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
- B65G2207/48—Wear protection or indication features
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a wear amount estimation device for estimating a wheel wear amount, a wear amount learning device, and a wear amount monitoring system.
- the wheel wear detection device described in Patent Document 1 measures the traveling direction distance of an overhead crane by a laser distance meter arranged on both ends in the transverse direction on the machine of the overhead crane, and measures the distance on both ends in the transverse direction. Wheel wear is detected from the difference between the values.
- Patent Document 1 requires a distance measurement system device in addition to the traveling system device, and has a problem that the device for estimating the amount of wheel wear becomes complicated.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present disclosure is to obtain a wear amount estimation device capable of estimating the wear amount of a wheel with a simple configuration.
- the wear amount estimation device of the present disclosure determines the amount of wear on the wheels of a transfer device in which a mover movable by a wheel-type guide mechanism is driven and controlled by a linear motor. It is an estimation device for estimating the amount of wear, and acquires information on the control current flowing through the linear motor to drive and control the mover and information on the position or speed at which the mover is driven and controlled as estimation data. It has a data acquisition unit. Further, the wear amount estimation device of the present disclosure includes a storage unit that stores a wear amount estimation model for estimating the wear amount, and a calculation unit that estimates the wear amount by inputting estimation data into the wear amount estimation model. , Equipped with.
- the wear amount estimation device has an effect that the wear amount of the wheel can be estimated with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wear amount monitoring system including a wear amount estimation device according to an embodiment.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100A is a system for estimating the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13 included in the linear motor drive type transfer device 50A.
- the transport device 50A includes a wheel-type guide mechanism and is driven by a linear motor.
- FIG. 1 two axes in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the transport device 50A and orthogonal to each other are defined as an X axis and a Y axis. Further, the axis orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis is defined as the Z-axis.
- the Z axis is, for example, an axis parallel to the vertical direction.
- FIG. 1 shows a case where the transport device 50A moves along the Y-axis direction, but the transport device 50A may move in any direction.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100A uses information on the control current and speed while the transport device 50A is running and a wear amount estimation model to check the wear state of the mover wheel 13, which is the wheel of the mover 1 while running. Monitor.
- the wear amount estimation model is a model that estimates the wheel wear amount, which is the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100A may use the information on the position of the transfer device 50A instead of the information on the speed of the transfer device 50A.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100A may generate position information from the speed information of the transport device 50A, or may generate speed information from the position information of the transport device 50A. Further, the wear amount monitoring system 100A generates at least one of the information on the position of the transfer device 50A and the information on the speed of the transfer device 50A from the operation program for operating the transfer device 50A.
- control current information and the position or speed information in the present embodiment may be commands to the transfer device 50A or information used for feedback from the transfer device 50A, respectively.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100A includes a transport device 50A, a control device 5, and a wear amount estimation device 4.
- the transport device 50A has a linear motor including a mover 1 and a stator 2.
- the mover 1 includes a mover housing 11, a linear motor magnet 12, and a plurality of mover wheels 13.
- the stator 2 includes a stator housing 21, a linear motor armature 22, and a scale head 23.
- the stator housing 21 is the housing of the stator 2, and the linear motor armature 22 is the armature of the linear motor.
- the stator housing 21 has a wheel traveling surface that engages with the mover wheel 13 and defines a traveling path.
- the scale head 23 detects the position information in the moving direction of the mover 1 and feeds back the detected position information to the control device 5. That is, the scale head 23 sends the position information of the mover 1 fed back to the control device 5 to the control device 5 as the scale FB (Feed Back, feedback) information 51.
- the scale FB information 51 is represented by, for example, Y coordinates.
- the mover housing 11 is the housing of the mover 1, and the linear motor magnet 12 is a magnet of the linear motor.
- the mover wheel 13 is a wheel included in the transport device 50A and is attached to the mover housing 11. The mover wheel 13 guides the mover 1 so as to be movable in the thrust direction of the linear motor, and keeps the distance between the mover housing 11 and the stator housing 21 at a specific distance.
- the transport device 50A generates a traveling magnetic field by passing an alternating current through the linear motor armature 22, and moves the mover 1 by the electromagnetic force generated between the transfer device 50A and the linear motor magnet 12.
- the linear motor of the transport device 50A may be a linear induction motor or a linear synchronous motor.
- the control device 5 is a device that controls the transport device 50A. In FIG. 1, the arrow from the control device 5 to the transfer device 50A is not shown.
- the control device 5 acquires the position of the mover 1 used for the feedback control of the transfer device 50A from the transfer device 50A as the scale FB information 51.
- the control device 5 controls the transfer device 50A based on the scale FB information 51 obtained from the scale head 23, so that the mover 1 travels according to an arbitrary operation pattern.
- control device 5 acquires the information of the control current used for the feedback control of the transfer device 50A from the current output to the linear motor of the transfer device 50A as the current FB information 52.
- the control current is information on the current output by the control device 5 to the linear motor of the transfer device 50A for the transfer control of the transfer device 50A, and the current FB information 52 is actually used by the transfer device 50A during transfer.
- the current FB information 52 may be detected by the current detector installed in the transport device 50A and acquired from the transport device 50A, or may be installed at a position in the control device 5 where the control current is output to the linear motor. It may be detected by the current detector and acquired in the control device 5.
- the current-thrust characteristic is a characteristic showing the correspondence between the current and the thrust.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the correlation between the current flowing through the linear motor included in the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment, the thrust generated by the linear motor due to the current, and the wear amount.
- the horizontal axis represents the current value of the current
- the vertical axis represents the thrust.
- the current-thrust characteristic is R1 when the amount of wear without wear is 0.0 mm.
- the current-thrust characteristic is R2.
- the thrust is F1 when the current value is I1
- the thrust is F2 (> F1) when the current value is I1.
- the current-thrust characteristic is a feature that expresses the current-thrust characteristic by using the current-thrust correlation coefficient, which is the coefficient obtained by dividing the thrust by the current, when the relationship between the current and the thrust can be considered to be proportional within the range of the thrust used. It can be calculated as a quantity. As the amount of wear of the mover wheel 13 increases, the thrust output for the same current becomes larger than before the change, so that the current thrust correlation coefficient becomes larger.
- the thrust of the linear motor causes the acceleration of the driven mover 1, but the current-thrust characteristics change due to wear, so the acceleration generated for the same current changes. Specifically, as the amount of wear increases, the acceleration generated for the same current increases.
- the mover 1 is feedback-controlled by the control device 5 based on the scale FB information 51, which is the detected position information, so as to have a speed pattern with acceleration / deceleration determined by a preset operation program.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between a speed pattern representing a change in speed and a current flowing through a linear motor when the mover included in the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment is driven and controlled. ..
- the horizontal axis of the graph shown in the upper part of FIG. 3 is time, and the vertical axis is speed.
- the horizontal axis of the graph shown in the lower part of FIG. 3 is time, and the vertical axis is current.
- the speed shown in FIG. 3 is a speed command, and the current is the current FB information 52.
- the speed pattern is, for example, an acceleration period in which the speed accelerates at a constant acceleration, a constant speed period in which the speed is maintained at a constant speed, and a deceleration in which the speed decelerates at a constant negative acceleration. It has a period and a period of stop when the speed is stopped at zero.
- the control device 5 performs drive control for controlling the position of the mover 1, and generates a position command that changes so as to have a speed pattern as shown in FIG.
- the control device 5 controls the linear motor by passing a current through the linear motor so that the scale FB information 51, which is the position of the mover 1 detected by the scale head 23, moves according to the position command.
- the mover 1 is feedback-controlled so as to have a speed determined by a target speed pattern by the control by the control device 5.
- the control device 5 adjusts and outputs the current flowing through the linear motor so that the acceleration is the slope of the speed of the speed pattern.
- the acceleration for the mover 1 to move in the velocity pattern is realized with a small current.
- a small amount of current is passed through the linear motor by the control by the control device 5.
- the solid line of the current shown in FIG. 3 represents the current FB information 52 when the wear amount is 0.0 mm, and the broken line of the current represents the current FB information 52 when the wear amount is 0.1 mm.
- the value of the current FB information 52 when the wear amount is 0.1 mm is smaller than the value of the current FB information 52 when the wear amount is 0.0 mm. ..
- the control device 5 sends the velocity FB information based on the acquired scale FB information 51 to the wear amount estimation device 4. Further, the control device 5 sends the current FB information 52 as the control current information to the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the drive control command which is a command for driving and controlling the mover 1, may be a position command that specifies the position of the mover 1, or may be a speed command that specifies the speed of the mover 1.
- the scale FB information 51 is feedback information corresponding to the drive control command, and includes position FB information or speed FB information.
- the current FB information 52 is feedback information corresponding to the control current.
- control device 5 sends the combination of the velocity FB information, which is the feedback information of the velocity of the mover 1, and the current FB information 52 corresponding to the control current, to the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 is a computer that estimates the wheel wear amount, which is the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 uses as estimation data 53 the current FB information 52, which is information on the control current flowing through the linear motor, and the speed FB information, which is information on the speed at which the mover 1 is driven and controlled. Get from 5.
- the estimation data 53 is data used when estimating the wheel wear amount, and is state information indicating the state of the transport device 50A.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 estimates and stores the wheel wear amount using the estimation data 53 and the wear amount estimation model. Further, the wear amount estimation device 4 sends the wheel wear amount, which is the estimation result 61, to the control device 5 in response to the request from the control device 5.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 includes a data acquisition unit 41, a calculation unit 42, a storage unit 43, and an output unit 44.
- the data acquisition unit 41 acquires estimation data 53 from the control device 5.
- the storage unit 43 is a memory or the like that stores a wear amount estimation model.
- the calculation unit 42 estimates the wheel wear amount based on the estimation data 53 and the wear amount estimation model. Specifically, the calculation unit 42 inputs the estimation data 53 into the wear amount estimation model. As a result, the data output from the wear amount estimation model becomes the wheel wear amount as the estimation result 61. The calculation unit 42 stores the estimated wheel wear amount in the storage unit 43.
- the output unit 44 When the control device 5 requests the wheel wear amount, the output unit 44 outputs the wheel wear amount stored in the storage unit 43 to the control device 5. The request for the amount of wheel wear from the control device 5 is received by the data acquisition unit 41 and notified to the output unit 44.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 may be built in the transport device 50A, or may be configured as a device separate from the transport device 50A as shown in FIG. Further, the wear amount estimation device 4 may exist on the cloud server.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure for estimating the wheel wear amount by the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment.
- the control device 5 controls the transfer device 50A
- the control device 5 acquires the velocity FB information and the current FB information 52 included in the scale FB information 51 from the transfer device 50A.
- the control device 5 sends the acquired velocity FB information and current FB information 52 to the wear amount estimation device 4 as velocity information and control current information.
- the data acquisition unit 41 of the wear amount estimation device 4 acquires the estimation data 53 including the speed FB information as the speed information and the current FB information 52 as the control current information from the control device 5 (step). S10).
- the calculation unit 42 inputs the estimation data 53 into the wear amount estimation model (step S20). As a result, the calculation unit 42 estimates the amount of wheel wear (step S30). The amount of wheel wear is stored in the storage unit 43.
- the data acquisition unit 41 receives the wheel wear amount request and notifies the output unit 44.
- the output unit 44 outputs the wheel wear amount stored in the storage unit 43 to the control device 5 (step S40).
- the friction amount estimation model used by the wear amount estimation device 4 is a model that stores and holds the correlation between the current and the thrust corresponding to a plurality of wear amounts.
- the current FB information 52 and the velocity FB information are input to this friction amount estimation model.
- the friction amount estimation model calculates the acceleration based on the velocity FB information, further calculates the thrust from the acceleration, and calculates the detected value of the correlation coefficient between the current and the thrust from the current FB information 52 and the calculated thrust. ..
- the friction amount estimation model estimates the wear amount from the detected value of the correlation coefficient and the correlation coefficient between the current and the thrust corresponding to the stored wear amount.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a detailed estimation processing procedure of the wheel wear amount by the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment.
- the calculation unit 42 calculates the acceleration detection value, which is the acceleration detection value, by differentially processing the velocity FB information acquired as the estimation data 53 (step S31).
- the calculation unit 42 integrates the mass of the mover 1 stored in advance in the storage unit 43 with the acceleration detection value, and calculates a thrust calculation value which is a calculation value of the thrust output from the linear motor (step S32). ).
- the calculation unit 42 divides the thrust calculation value by the current FB information 52 acquired as the estimation data 53 to calculate the current thrust correlation detection value (step S33).
- the calculation unit 42 has a current thrust phase relationship closest to the current thrust correlation detection value from the current thrust correlation coefficient corresponding to a plurality of wear amounts stored in advance in the storage unit 43 and the calculated current thrust correlation detection value.
- the number of wheel wear amounts is used as an estimated value of the wheel wear amount (step S34).
- the estimated value of the wheel wear amount is stored in the storage unit 43 (step S35).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the correlation between the current and the thrust corresponding to a plurality of wear amounts, which is stored in the friction amount estimation model used by the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment.
- the correlation between the current and the thrust is the current thrust correlation coefficient, and the information in which the current thrust correlation coefficient and the wear amount are associated with each other is stored in the friction amount estimation model.
- control device 5 sends the current FB information 52 as the control current information to the wear amount estimation device 4
- the control device 5 sends the current command information as the control current information. You may send it. That is, the current flowing through the linear motor is controlled by current, and the current command information and the current FB information 52 almost match. Therefore, the control device 5 uses the current command information as the control current information to estimate the amount of wear. You may send it to 4.
- the control device 5 may send the speed command information to the wear amount estimation device 4 instead of the speed FB information. That is, since the speed of the linear motor is controlled by speed and the speed command information and the speed FB information are substantially the same, the control device 5 may send the speed command information to the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the calculation unit 42 of the wear amount estimation device 4 calculates the acceleration by differentiating the velocity command information.
- the control device 5 sends position command information or position FB information (scale FB information 51) to the wear amount estimation device 4, and the calculation unit 42 of the wear amount estimation device 4 transmits the position command information or position FB information twice. Acceleration may be calculated by differential processing.
- the position FB information is the position information of the mover 1 that feeds back to the control device 5.
- a graph of the correlation between the current and the thrust corresponding to a plurality of wear amounts may be stored in the storage unit 43 by dividing the current and the thrust at regular value intervals.
- the calculation unit 42 searches for a graph of the correlation between the current and the thrust, which is the closest to the relationship between the current FB information 52 and the thrust in the transport device 50A, and estimates the amount of wear.
- the current-thrust characteristics change when the coil temperature of the linear motor changes significantly.
- the coil temperature changes on average depending on the frequency of operating the linear motor in a speed pattern and the like, and the balance between heat generation due to the current flowing through the linear motor and heat dissipation from the linear motor. Therefore, the data acquisition unit 41 may acquire the coil temperature, which is the temperature of the coil of the linear motor.
- the calculation unit 42 calls a correction coefficient close to the acquired coil temperature based on the acquired coil temperature from a plurality of correction coefficients corresponding to the plurality of coil temperatures stored in the storage unit 43 in advance.
- the calculation unit 42 multiplies the control current information data, the position or velocity information data, or the acceleration data calculated from the position or velocity information by a correction coefficient to correct the amount of wear. presume. By correcting the data used for estimating the wear amount with the correction coefficient corresponding to the coil temperature, the calculation unit 42 can estimate the wheel wear amount more accurately than when the correction is not performed.
- the arithmetic unit 42 may calculate the effective load factor through a first-order lag filter that squares the acquired current information and averages it with a thermal time constant.
- the calculation unit 42 calls and uses the current-thrust characteristics close to the calculated effective load factor from the storage unit 43 that stores a plurality of current-thrust characteristics corresponding to the plurality of effective load factors in advance. The current-thrust characteristics are corrected.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 has a simple configuration that does not require the coil temperature to be acquired by a sensor or the like during operation, and can estimate the wheel wear amount more accurately than in the case of no correction.
- the calculation unit 42 does not need to perform correction by the coil temperature when the change in the coil temperature is small or when it can be considered that the change in the current-thrust characteristic due to the change in the coil temperature is small.
- the wear amount learning device of the present embodiment can estimate a minute wear amount with the wear amount estimation device 4 having a simple structure without making the transport device 50A expensive.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wear amount monitoring system including a wear amount learning device according to an embodiment.
- components that achieve the same functions as the wear amount monitoring system 100A shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100B is a system that machine-learns the wheel wear amount and generates a wear amount estimation model used for estimating the wheel wear amount.
- the transfer device 50B is the same device as the transfer device 50A.
- FIG. 7 two axes in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the transport device 50B and orthogonal to each other are defined as an X axis and a Y axis. Further, the axis orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis is defined as the Z-axis.
- the Z axis is, for example, an axis parallel to the vertical direction.
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the transport device 50B moves along the Y-axis direction, but the transport device 50B may move in any direction.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100B includes a transport device 50B, a control device 5, and a wear amount learning device 3B.
- the transport device 50B includes at least one distance sensor 24 in addition to the components of the transport device 50A.
- the distance sensor 24 is arranged on the stator 2.
- the control device 5 included in the wear amount monitoring system 100B may be a device different from the control device 5 included in the wear amount monitoring system 100A.
- the distance sensor 24 is a sensor that detects the distance between the mover 1 and the stator 2.
- the distance sensor 24 sends the detected distance as the distance information 54 to the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the distance information 54 is information corresponding to the amount of wheel wear.
- the control device 5 acquires the position FB information, the velocity FB information, and the current FB information 52 included in the scale FB information 51 from the transfer device 50B.
- the control device 5 uses the acquired position FB information and speed FB information, the position command information which is the position command information of the mover 1, and the speed command information which is a differentiation of the position command information, and obtains the position information and the speed. It is sent to the wear amount learning device 3B as the information of. Further, the control device 5 sends the current FB information 52 to the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the current FB information 52 is information on the control current.
- control device 5 includes the position command information and the speed command information, the position FB information and the speed FB information obtained from the scale FB information 51, and the current FB information 52 that detects the control current passed through the linear motor. The combination is sent to the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the wear amount learning device 3B is a computer that generates a wear amount estimation model that estimates the wheel wear amount, which is the wear amount of the mover wheel 13.
- the wear amount learning device 3B transfers the current FB information 52, which is information on the control current, and the position command information, the speed command information, the position FB information, and the speed FB information, which are the position and speed information of the mover 1. It is acquired from the control device 5 as the state information 60 indicating the state of 50B.
- the wear amount learning device 3B acquires the distance information 54 as teacher data from the transport device 50B. That is, the wear amount learning device 3B acquires the learning data 55B including the state information 60 and the distance information 54 from the control device 5 and the transport device 50B.
- the training data 55B is data used when generating a wear amount estimation model.
- the wear amount learning device 3B learns the wheel wear amount using the learning data 55B and generates a wear amount estimation model.
- the wear amount learning device 3B generates a wear amount estimation model capable of calculating an accurate wheel wear amount.
- the wear amount learning device 3B stores the wheel wear amount and sends the wear amount estimation model to the wear amount estimation device 4 in response to the request from the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the wear amount learning device 3B includes a data acquisition unit 31, a machine learning unit 32B, a storage unit 33, and an output unit 34.
- the data acquisition unit 31 acquires the state information 60 from the control device 5 and the distance information 54 from the transfer device 50B. That is, the data acquisition unit 31 acquires the state information 60 and the distance information 54 corresponding to the state information 60 as learning data 55B.
- the machine learning unit 32B generates a wear amount estimation model based on the learning data 55B. Specifically, the machine learning unit 32B acquires the learning data 55B, which is a data set created by the combination of the state information 60 and the distance information 54, from the data acquisition unit 31, and wheel wear based on the learning data 55B. Learn the amount. The method of machine learning of the amount of wheel wear will be described later.
- the wear amount learning device 3B stores the wear amount estimation model obtained as a result of machine learning in the storage unit 33.
- the storage unit 33 is a memory or the like that stores a wear amount estimation model that is a learned model.
- the output unit 34 outputs the wear amount estimation model stored in the storage unit 33 to the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the request of the wear amount estimation model from the wear amount estimation device 4 is received by the data acquisition unit 31 and notified to the output unit 34.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure for generating a wear amount estimation model by the wear amount learning device according to the embodiment.
- the control device 5 controls the transfer device 50B
- the control device 5 acquires the scale FB information 51 and the current FB information 52 from the transfer device 50B.
- the control device 5 sends the position FB information, the velocity FB information, and the current FB information 52 obtained from the acquired scale FB information 51 to the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the control device 5 sends the position command information, which is the information of the position command of the mover 1, to the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the data acquisition unit 31 of the wear amount learning device 3B includes position command information, position FB information, speed command information, and speed FB information, which are position and speed information, and current FB information 52, which is control current information.
- Data state information 60 is acquired from the control device 5. Further, the data acquisition unit 31 acquires the distance information 54 from the transfer device 50B. That is, the wear amount learning device 3B acquires the learning data 55B including the state information 60 and the distance information 54 from the control device 5 and the transport device 50B (step S110).
- the machine learning unit 32B learns the wheel wear amount using the learning data 55B (step S120). As a result, the machine learning unit 32B generates a wear amount estimation model.
- the storage unit 33 stores the wear amount estimation model (step S130).
- the data acquisition unit 31 receives the request of the wear amount estimation model and notifies the output unit 34.
- the output unit 34 outputs the wear amount estimation model stored in the storage unit 33 to the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the data acquisition unit 41 of the wear amount estimation device 4 receives the wear amount estimation model and stores it in the storage unit 43.
- the wear amount learning device 3B learns to estimate the wheel wear amount based on such a change in the operation of the feedback with respect to the position or speed command.
- the wear amount learning device 3B may calculate the acceleration from the position or speed information and include it in the learning data 55B. In this case, the wear amount learning device 3B learns the wheel wear amount based on the change in the acceleration of the transport device 50B caused by the change in the drive current according to the speed feedback of the mover 1, and generates a wear amount estimation model. Further, the wear amount estimation device 4 calculates the acceleration from the position or speed information, includes it in the estimation data 53, inputs it to the wear amount estimation model, and causes a change in the drive current according to the speed feedback of the mover 1. The amount of wheel wear may be estimated based on the change in the acceleration of the transport device 50B.
- the wear amount monitoring system may include a wear amount learning device 3B and a wear amount estimation device 4.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wear amount monitoring system including a wear amount learning device and a wear amount estimation device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows the configuration of a wear amount monitoring system 100X including a wear amount learning device 3B and a wear amount estimation device 4.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100X includes transfer devices 50A and 50B, two control devices 5, a wear amount learning device 3B, and a wear amount estimation device 4.
- the first control device 5 is the control device 5 described with reference to FIG. 1, and is connected to the transfer device 50A and the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the second control device 5 is the control device 5 described with reference to FIG. 7, and is connected to the transfer device 50B and the wear amount learning device 3B. Then, the wear amount estimation device 4 and the wear amount learning device 3B are connected.
- the wear amount learning device 3B acquires the learning data 55B by acquiring the data from the second control device 5 and the transport device 50B, and generates a wear amount estimation model.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 acquires a wear amount estimation model from the wear amount learning device 3B.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 may acquire a wear amount estimation model from the wear amount learning device 3B by communication, or may acquire a wear amount estimation model from the wear amount learning device 3B via a portable storage medium. good.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 acquires the estimation data 53 by acquiring the data from the first control device 5 and the transfer device 50A.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 estimates the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13 of the transfer device 50A based on the wear amount estimation model and the estimation data 53.
- the data acquisition unit 31 of the wear amount learning device 3B is the first data acquisition unit
- the data acquisition unit 41 of the wear amount estimation device 4 is the second data acquisition unit.
- the first control device 5 and the second control device 5 may be combined into one control device 5.
- one control device 5 controls the transfer devices 50A and 50B.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration of a wear amount monitoring system including a wear amount learning device according to an embodiment.
- components that achieve the same functions as the wear amount monitoring systems 100A and 100B are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100C is a system that generates a wear amount estimation model like the wear amount monitoring system 100B.
- the transfer device 50C is the same device as the transfer devices 50A and 50B.
- FIG. 10 two axes in a plane parallel to the upper surface of the transport device 50C and orthogonal to each other are defined as an X axis and a Y axis. Further, the axis orthogonal to the X-axis and the Y-axis is defined as the Z-axis.
- the Z axis is, for example, an axis parallel to the vertical direction.
- FIG. 10 shows a case where the transport device 50C moves along the Y-axis direction, but the transport device 50C may move in any direction.
- the wear amount monitoring system 100C includes a transport device 50C, a control device 5, and a wear amount learning device 3C.
- the transfer device 50C includes a temperature sensor 25 in addition to the components of the transfer device 50B.
- the temperature sensor 25 is arranged on the stator 2.
- the temperature sensor 25 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the coil included in the linear motor armature 22, and is arranged in the vicinity of the linear motor armature 22.
- the temperature sensor 25 sends the detected temperature as coil temperature information 72 to the wear amount learning device 3C. Further, the distance sensor 24 sends the distance information 54 to the wear amount learning device 3C.
- the control device 5 acquires position FB information, speed FB information, and current FB information 52 obtained from the scale FB information 51 from the transfer device 50C, and wear amount learning device 3C as position and speed information and control current information. Send to. Further, the control device 5 sends the position command information which is the command of the position of the mover 1 and the speed command information which is the derivative thereof to the wear amount learning device 3C. Further, the control device 5 sends information on the mounted mass of the mover 1 as mass information 71 to the wear amount learning device 3C.
- the mass information 71 is information on the mass obtained by adding the mass of the mover 1 itself and the mass of the load mounted on the mover 1. That is, the mass information 71 is information on the weight applied to the movable child wheel 13.
- the wear amount learning device 3C is a computer that generates a wear amount estimation model that estimates the wheel wear amount, which is the wear amount of the mover wheel 13.
- the wear amount learning device 3C transfers the current FB information 52, which is the control current information, and the position command information, the position FB information, the speed command information, and the speed FB information, which are the position and speed information, into the state of the transport device 50C. Is acquired from the control device 5 as the state information 60 indicating the above. Further, the wear amount learning device 3C acquires the mass information 71 from the control device 5.
- the wear amount learning device 3C acquires the distance information 54 and the coil temperature information 72 from the transfer device 50C.
- the mass information 71 and the coil temperature information 72 may be used as the learning data 55C, or may be used for correcting the feedback information.
- a case where the mass information 71 and the coil temperature information 72 are used as the learning data 55C will be described.
- the wear amount learning device 3C acquires learning data 55C including state information 60, mass information 71, distance information 54, and coil temperature information 72 from the control device 5 and the transfer device 50C.
- the wear amount learning device 3C includes a data acquisition unit 31, a machine learning unit 32C, a storage unit 33, and an output unit 34.
- the machine learning unit 32C learns the wheel wear amount based on the learning data 55C and generates a wear amount estimation model.
- a case where the machine learning unit 32C uses the mass information 71 and the coil temperature information 72 for correcting the feedback information will be described.
- the current FB information 52 which is the feedback value of the control current to the transfer device 50C, fluctuates depending on the mounted mass of the mover 1 and the temperature of the coil included in the linear motor armature 22. Therefore, the machine learning unit 32C corrects the scale FB information 51 and the current FB information 52 based on the mass information 71 and the coil temperature information 72 measured in at least one velocity pattern. That is, the machine learning unit 32C uses the scale FB information 51 and the current FB information 52 for preprocessing of learning data in the previous stage of the machine learning process. The machine learning unit 32C machine-learns the wheel wear amount using the corrected scale FB information 51 and the current FB information 52, and generates a wear amount estimation model.
- the machine learning unit 32C generates a wear amount estimation model corresponding to a change in the coil temperature without using the coil temperature information 72 as the learning data 55C and without using the feedback information for correction. ..
- the control device 5 When the control device 5 continuously operates the transport device 50C to operate, for example, the control device 5 operates in an operation pattern that repeats a speed pattern with acceleration / deceleration shown in FIG. A current flows during the acceleration period, the constant speed period, and the deceleration period, and the linear motor generates heat and the temperature rises. During the stop period, almost no current flows, the linear motor dissipates heat and the temperature drops. When these processes are repeated frequently and the linear motor operates continuously, the temperature of the linear motor converges to a certain average temperature in which heat generation and heat dissipation are balanced. This temperature is referred to as a high frequency temperature.
- the transport device 50C is continuously used. When operated in, it converges to a low frequency temperature that is lower than the high frequency temperature.
- the wear amount learning device 3C can identify in what operation pattern the transport device 50C is operated by the information of the position or the speed. Therefore, the wear amount learning device 3C may acquire learning data 55C including position or velocity information in a plurality of operation patterns in which the coil temperature has a different value. As a result, the wear amount learning device 3C can identify the wheel wear amount according to the operating conditions such as the wheel wear amount in the operation where the coil temperature is high and the wheel wear amount in the operation where the coil temperature is low, and the coil temperature can be determined. You can learn a wear amount estimation model that can estimate the wheel wear amount corresponding to the difference.
- the data acquisition unit 31 has information on the control current, information on the position or speed, and information on the distance between the mover 1 and the stator 2 in a plurality of operation patterns in which the coil temperature has different values. 54 and are acquired as learning data 55C.
- the machine learning unit 32C uses the control current information, the position or speed information, and the wear amount estimation model for estimating the wheel wear amount from the learning data in a plurality of operation patterns in which the coil temperature has a different value. Generated based on 55C.
- the wear amount learning device 3C is a wear amount estimation model that estimates the wheel wear amount according to the change in the coil temperature due to the operation of the transfer device 50C from the position or speed information without inputting the coil temperature information. Can be generated. Further, by using this wear amount estimation model, the wear amount learning device 3C uses this wear amount estimation model to obtain the wear amount corresponding to the change in the coil temperature due to the operation of the transfer device 50C from the position or speed information without inputting the coil temperature information. Can be estimated. Therefore, the wear amount learning device 3C has a simple configuration without the temperature sensor 25, and can accurately estimate the wheel wear amount in response to changes in the coil temperature.
- the mass information 71 which is the mass information of the mover 1
- the same conveyed object is often repeatedly conveyed, so that the same conveyed object is repeatedly conveyed with the mover 1 before the operation is started.
- the total mass with the object is measured.
- the wear amount learning device 3C stores the measured total mass as mass information 71 in the storage unit 33.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 may call the mass information 71 of the storage unit 33 and use it for correction of the estimation data 53.
- the total mass of the mover 1 and the conveyed object is measured by moving the mover 1 on which the conveyed object is placed in a speed pattern with acceleration / deceleration in a state where the wheel wear amount is known and the current-thrust characteristic is known. Will be executed.
- the wear amount learning device 3C acquires the control current information and the position feedback information, calculates the thrust from the control current information, and calculates the acceleration by differentiating the position information twice.
- the wear amount learning device 3C calculates the mass information 71 by dividing the calculated thrust by the calculated acceleration.
- the wear amount learning device 3C can accurately estimate the wheel wear amount with a simple configuration that does not require the mass information 71 to be acquired by a sensor or the like during operation.
- the mass information 71 may be calculated by a device other than the wear amount learning device 3C.
- the wear amount learning device 3B may be built in the transport device 50B, or may be configured as a device separate from the transport device 50B as shown in FIG. 7.
- the wear amount learning device 3C may be built in the transport device 50C, or may be configured as a device separate from the transport device 50C as shown in FIG. Further, the wear amount learning devices 3B and 3C may exist on the cloud server.
- the wear amount learning device 3C Since the wear amount learning device 3C generates a wear amount estimation model by the same processing procedure as the wear amount learning device 3B, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the machine learning process by the machine learning units 32B and 32C will be described. Since the machine learning process by the machine learning unit 32B and the machine learning process by the machine learning unit 32C are the same process, the machine learning process by the machine learning unit 32B will be described here.
- the machine learning unit 32B learns the amount of wheel wear by, for example, supervised learning according to a neural network model.
- supervised learning refers to a model in which a large number of sets of data of a certain input and a result (label) are given to a learning device to learn the features in those data sets and estimate the result from the input.
- a neural network is composed of an input layer consisting of a plurality of neurons, an intermediate layer (hidden layer) consisting of a plurality of neurons, and an output layer consisting of a plurality of neurons.
- the intermediate layer may be one layer or two or more layers.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a neural network used by the wear amount learning device according to the embodiment.
- a three-layer neural network as shown in FIG. 11, when a plurality of inputs are input to the input layers X1 to X3, the values are multiplied by the weights w11 to w16 and input to the intermediate layers Y1 and Y2. , The result is further multiplied by the weights w21 to w26 and output from the output layers Z1 to Z3. This output result varies depending on the values of the weights w11 to w16 and the weights w21 to w26.
- the neural network of the embodiment learns the wheel wear amount by so-called supervised learning according to the data set created based on the combination of the state information 60 and the distance information 54. That is, when the neural network inputs the current FB information 52, which is the control current information, to the input layers X1 to X3, the position command information, the position FB information, the speed command information, and the speed FB information of the mover 1.
- the weights w11 to w16 and the weights w21 to w26 are adjusted so that the results output from the output layers Z1 to Z3 approach the distance information 54 corresponding to the amount of wheel wear.
- the machine learning unit 32B stores the neural network adjusted with the weights w11 to w16 and w21 to w26 in the storage unit 33.
- the neural network generated by the machine learning unit 32B is a wear amount estimation model.
- the neural network can also learn the amount of wheel wear by so-called unsupervised learning.
- Unsupervised learning is to learn how the input data is distributed by giving a large amount of input data to the wear amount learning device 3B, and to input data without giving the corresponding teacher output data.
- it is a method of learning a device that performs compression, classification, shaping, and the like.
- unsupervised learning the features in those datasets can be clustered among similar people.
- this result can be used to predict the output by setting some criteria and allocating the output to optimize it.
- Semi-supervised learning is a learning method in which only a part of the input and output data sets exist, and the other parts are input-only data.
- the machine learning unit 32B may learn the wheel wear amount according to the data sets created for the plurality of transport devices 50B.
- the machine learning unit 32B may acquire a data set from separate transport devices 50B used at the same site, or may collect data sets from a plurality of transfer devices 50B operating independently at different sites.
- the data set may be used to learn the amount of wheel wear.
- the wear amount learning device 3B can add the transport device 50B for collecting the data set to the target on the way, or conversely, remove it from the target.
- a wear amount learning device 3B that has learned the wheel wear amount for a certain transport device is attached to another transport device, and the attached wear amount learning device 3B re-does the wheel wear amount for the other transport device. You may want to learn and update.
- machine learning unit 32B As a learning algorithm used in the machine learning unit 32B, deep learning (deep learning) that learns the extraction of the feature amount itself can also be used, and the machine learning unit 32B can be used in other known methods. For example, machine learning may be performed according to genetic programming, functional logic programming, support vector machines, and the like.
- the hardware configurations of the wear amount estimation device 4 and the wear amount learning devices 3B and 3C will be described. Since the wear amount estimation device 4 and the wear amount learning devices 3B and 3C have the same hardware configuration, the hardware configuration of the wear amount estimation device 4 will be described here.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration example that realizes the wear amount estimation device according to the embodiment.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 can be realized by an input device 300, a processor 10, a memory 200, and an output device 400.
- An example of the processor 10 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit, processing unit, arithmetic unit, microprocessor, microcomputer, DSP (Digital Signal Processor)) or system LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- Examples of the memory 200 are RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory).
- the wear amount estimation device 4 is realized by the processor 10 reading and executing a computer-executable wear amount estimation program for executing the operation of the wear amount estimation device 4 stored in the memory 200.
- the wear amount estimation program which is a program for executing the operation of the wear amount estimation device 4, causes the computer to execute the procedure or method of the wear amount estimation device 4.
- the wear amount estimation program executed by the wear amount estimation device 4 has a modular configuration including a data acquisition unit 41 and a calculation unit 42, which are loaded on the main storage device and generated on the main storage device. Will be done.
- the input device 300 receives the estimation data 53 and the wear amount estimation model 80 and sends them to the data acquisition unit 41.
- the wear amount estimation model 80 is a wear amount estimation model generated by the wear amount learning device 3B described with reference to FIG. 7.
- the memory 200 is used as a temporary memory when the processor 10 executes various processes. Further, the memory 200 stores the estimation data 53, the wear amount estimation model 80, and the wheel wear amount 81.
- the wheel wear amount 81 is a wheel wear amount calculated by the calculation unit 42 using the estimation data 53 and the wear amount estimation model 80.
- the output device 400 outputs the wheel wear amount 81 to the control device 5.
- the wear amount estimation program is a file in an installable format or an executable format, and may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and provided as a computer program product. Further, the wear amount estimation program may be provided to the wear amount estimation device 4 via a network such as the Internet. It should be noted that some of the functions of the wear amount estimation device 4 may be realized by dedicated hardware such as a dedicated circuit, and some may be realized by software or firmware.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 of the embodiment has information on the control current flowing through the linear motor for driving and controlling the mover 1 of the transfer device 50A, and the position or speed of the drive controlled position or speed of the mover 1.
- the information and the data are acquired as the estimation data 53.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 estimates the wear amount by inputting the estimation data 53 into the wear amount estimation model 80 for estimating the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13.
- the wear amount estimation device 4 can estimate the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13 with a simple configuration.
- the wear amount learning device 3B of the embodiment has information on the control current flowing through the linear motor for driving and controlling the mover 1 of the transfer device 50B, and information on the position or speed at which the mover 1 is driven and controlled. And the distance information 54 indicating the distance between the mover 1 and the stator 2 included in the linear motor are acquired as learning data 55B. Then, the wear amount learning device 3B generates a wear amount estimation model for estimating the wear amount of the mover wheel 13 based on the learning data 55B. As a result, the wear amount learning device 3B can generate a wear amount estimation model that can estimate the wear amount of the movable child wheel 13 with a simple configuration.
- the configuration shown in the above embodiment is an example, and can be combined with another known technique, or a part of the configuration may be omitted or changed without departing from the gist. It is possible.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態にかかる摩耗量推定装置を備えた摩耗量監視システムの構成を示す図である。摩耗量監視システム100Aは、リニアモータ駆動型の搬送装置50Aが備える可動子車輪13の摩耗量を推定するシステムである。搬送装置50Aは、車輪式のガイド機構を備え、リニアモータによって駆動される。
Claims (8)
- 車輪式のガイド機構により移動可能な可動子がリニアモータによって駆動制御される搬送装置の車輪の摩耗量を推定する摩耗量推定装置であって、
前記可動子を駆動制御するために前記リニアモータに流される制御電流の情報と、前記可動子の駆動制御される位置または速度の情報と、を推定用データとして取得するデータ取得部と、
前記摩耗量を推定するための摩耗量推定モデルを記憶する記憶部と、
前記推定用データを前記摩耗量推定モデルに入力することによって前記摩耗量を推定する演算部と、
を備えることを特徴とする摩耗量推定装置。 - 前記演算部は、前記制御電流の情報と、前記位置または前記速度の情報から算出した加速度とに基づいて、前記摩耗量を推定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摩耗量推定装置。
- 前記摩耗量推定モデルは、前記推定用データに基づいた前記摩耗量の学習によって生成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摩耗量推定装置。
- 前記演算部は、固定子が有するコイルの温度に関する情報、または駆動制御される前記可動子の質量の情報である質量情報に基づき、前記摩耗量を推定する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摩耗量推定装置。 - 車輪式のガイド機構により移動可能な可動子がリニアモータによって駆動制御される搬送装置の車輪の摩耗量を推定するための摩耗量推定モデルを生成する摩耗量学習装置であって、
前記可動子を駆動制御するために前記リニアモータに流される制御電流の情報と、前記可動子の駆動制御される位置または速度の情報と、前記可動子と固定子との間の距離を示す距離情報と、を学習用データとして取得するデータ取得部と、
前記制御電流の情報と、前記位置または前記速度の情報とから前記摩耗量を推定するための摩耗量推定モデルを、前記学習用データに基づいて生成する機械学習部と、
を備えることを特徴とする摩耗量学習装置。 - 前記データ取得部は、前記リニアモータが有するコイルの温度であるコイル温度と、駆動制御される前記可動子の質量の情報である質量情報と、をさらに取得し、
前記機械学習部は、前記コイル温度および前記質量情報に基づいて、前記制御電流の情報と、前記位置または前記速度の情報とを含んだ学習用データを補正し、補正後の前記学習用データに基づいて、前記摩耗量推定モデルを生成する、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の摩耗量学習装置。 - 前記データ取得部は、前記リニアモータが有するコイルの温度であるコイル温度と、駆動制御される前記可動子の質量の情報である質量情報と、をさらに取得し、
前記機械学習部は、前記コイル温度および前記質量情報を前記学習用データに含めて、前記摩耗量推定モデルを生成する、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の摩耗量学習装置。 - 車輪式のガイド機構により移動可能な可動子がリニアモータによって駆動制御される搬送装置の車輪の摩耗量を推定する摩耗量監視システムであって、
前記摩耗量を推定するための摩耗量推定モデルを生成する摩耗量学習装置と、
前記摩耗量推定モデルを用いて前記摩耗量を推定する摩耗量推定装置と、
を有し、
前記摩耗量学習装置は、
前記可動子を駆動制御するために前記リニアモータに流される制御電流の情報と、前記可動子の駆動制御される位置または速度の情報と、前記可動子と固定子との間の距離を示す距離情報と、を学習用データとして取得する第1のデータ取得部と、
前記制御電流の情報、前記位置または前記速度の情報から前記摩耗量を推定するための摩耗量推定モデルを、前記学習用データに基づいて生成する機械学習部と、
を備え、
前記摩耗量推定装置は、
前記制御電流の情報と、前記位置または前記速度の情報と、を推定用データとして取得する第2のデータ取得部と、
前記摩耗量学習装置が生成した前記摩耗量推定モデルを記憶する記憶部と、
前記推定用データを前記摩耗量推定モデルに入力することによって前記摩耗量を推定する演算部と、
を備えることを特徴とする摩耗量監視システム。
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JP2016109441A (ja) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-20 | シャープ株式会社 | タイヤ摩耗判定装置及び自律移動装置 |
JP2017187418A (ja) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 磨耗検査装置及び磨耗検査方法 |
WO2019142677A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | 京セラ株式会社 | アンテナ、無線通信機器、無線通信システム、車両、自動二輪車、および移動体 |
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JPS61258604A (ja) * | 1985-05-10 | 1986-11-17 | Hitachi Ltd | リニアモ−タ式電気車の周波数制御装置 |
JP2002206922A (ja) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-26 | Daifuku Co Ltd | 移動体の車輪摩耗の検査装置 |
WO2007122696A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-17 | 2007-11-01 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | 電気車の駆動制御装置 |
JP2016109441A (ja) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-20 | シャープ株式会社 | タイヤ摩耗判定装置及び自律移動装置 |
JP2017187418A (ja) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 磨耗検査装置及び磨耗検査方法 |
WO2019142677A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | 京セラ株式会社 | アンテナ、無線通信機器、無線通信システム、車両、自動二輪車、および移動体 |
CN110435677A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-12 | 中车资阳机车有限公司 | 一种新型列车运输系统 |
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