WO2022137013A1 - 表示装置、電子機器、及び表示装置の作製方法 - Google Patents
表示装置、電子機器、及び表示装置の作製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022137013A1 WO2022137013A1 PCT/IB2021/061671 IB2021061671W WO2022137013A1 WO 2022137013 A1 WO2022137013 A1 WO 2022137013A1 IB 2021061671 W IB2021061671 W IB 2021061671W WO 2022137013 A1 WO2022137013 A1 WO 2022137013A1
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- insulator
- layer
- conductor
- oxide
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Images
Classifications
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- H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
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- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/02—Details
- H05B33/04—Sealing arrangements, e.g. against humidity
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
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- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
- H05B33/28—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
- H10K59/1213—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being TFTs
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/123—Connection of the pixel electrodes to the thin film transistors [TFT]
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/124—Insulating layers formed between TFT elements and OLED elements
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
- H10K59/352—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels the areas of the RGB subpixels being different
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/20—Changing the shape of the active layer in the devices, e.g. patterning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/50—Forming devices by joining two substrates together, e.g. lamination techniques
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
Definitions
- One aspect of the present invention relates to a display device, an electronic device, and a method for manufacturing the display device.
- one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above technical fields.
- the technical field of the invention disclosed in the present specification and the like relates to a product, a driving method, or a manufacturing method.
- one aspect of the invention relates to a process, machine, manufacture, or composition (composition of matter). Therefore, more specifically, the technical fields of one aspect of the present invention disclosed in the present specification include semiconductor devices, display devices, liquid crystal display devices, light emitting devices, power storage devices, image pickup devices, storage devices, signal processing devices, and processors. , Electronic devices, systems, their driving methods, their manufacturing methods, or their inspection methods.
- VR virtual reality
- AR augmented reality
- Examples of the display device applicable to the display device include a liquid crystal display device, a display device provided with a light emitting device such as an organic EL (Electroluminescence) and a light emitting diode (LED). Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a high-pixel number, high-definition display device including a light emitting device including an organic EL.
- a display device with high display quality is required as a device for XR.
- a display device for XR for example, since it is necessary to provide a glasses-type housing and a goggle-type housing, it is necessary to reduce the size of the display device to approximately 2 inches or less and 1 inch or less. ..
- the number of pixels provided in the size is increased by designing such as reducing the pitch width between pixels and wiring in a predetermined size and reducing the size of the pixels. be able to.
- the display device including a light emitting device using an organic EL as the display device if the pixel size becomes small, it becomes difficult to form a light emitting layer of the organic EL having a different color for each pixel, and the display device of the display device. The manufacturing process may be limited.
- One aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display device having a high resolution. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display device having low power consumption. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a display device having a small size. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a new display device. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention is to provide a display device that satisfies at least one of high resolution, low power consumption, and a small area. Alternatively, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an electronic device having the above-mentioned display device.
- the problem of one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the problems listed above.
- the issues listed above do not preclude the existence of other issues.
- Other issues are issues not mentioned in this item, which are described below. Issues not mentioned in this item can be derived from the description of the description, drawings, etc. by those skilled in the art, and can be appropriately extracted from these descriptions.
- one aspect of the present invention solves at least one of the above-listed problems and other problems. It should be noted that one aspect of the present invention does not need to solve all of the above-listed problems and other problems.
- One aspect of the present invention is a display having a first insulator, a second insulator, a third insulator, a first conductor, a second conductor, a first EL layer, and a second EL layer.
- the method for manufacturing the display device includes the first step to the twelfth step.
- the first step has a step in which the first conductor is formed on the first insulator.
- the second step has a step in which the second insulator is formed on the first insulator and on the first conductor.
- the third step has a step of forming a first opening reaching the first conductor in the region of the second insulator where the second insulator overlaps with the first conductor.
- the fourth step has a step in which a sacrificial layer is formed on the second insulator and on the first conductor located on the bottom surface of the first opening.
- the fifth step has a step in which the photoresist is applied onto the sacrificial layer.
- the photoresist is exposed and developed, and a second opening having a reverse taper structure that reaches the sacrificial layer is formed in a region superimposed on the first conductor of the photoresist.
- the sacrificial layer located on the bottom surface of the second opening has a region superimposed on the first opening and a region superimposed on the second insulator, which is located on the bottom surface of the first opening.
- the eighth step includes a step in which the first EL layer is formed on the photoresist, on the sacrificial layer, and on the first conductor.
- the ninth step comprises removing the photoresist, the sacrificial layer, and the first EL layer formed on the upper surface of each of the photoresist and the sacrificial layer.
- the tenth step has a step in which the second EL layer is formed on the first EL layer and on the second insulator.
- the eleventh step has a step in which the second conductor is formed on the second EL layer.
- the twelfth step has a step in which a third insulator is formed on the second conductor.
- one aspect of the present invention comprises a first insulator, a second insulator, a third insulator, a first conductor, a second conductor, a first EL layer, and a second EL layer. It is a method of manufacturing a display device which has and is different from the above (1).
- the method for manufacturing the display device includes the first step to the twelfth step.
- the first step has a step in which the first conductor is formed on the first insulator.
- the second step has a step in which the second insulator is formed on the first insulator and on the first conductor.
- the third step is a step in which a first opening reaching the first conductor is formed in a region of the second insulator in which the second insulator overlaps with the first conductor, and a second step of the second insulator. 2. It has a step in which a fourth opening is formed in a region where the insulator does not overlap with the first conductor and overlaps with the first insulator. The fourth step has a step in which a sacrificial layer is formed on the second insulator and on the first conductor located on the bottom surface of the first opening. The fifth step has a step in which the photoresist is applied onto the sacrificial layer.
- the sixth step is a step in which the photoresist is exposed and developed, and a second opening having a reverse taper structure is formed in a region superimposed on the first conductor and the fourth opening of the photoresist.
- the sacrificial layer located on the bottom surface of the second opening has a region superimposed on the first conductor and a region superimposed on the second insulator, which is located on the bottom surface of the first opening. It has a step of forming a third opening that reaches the conductor and the second insulator and has side surfaces superimposed on the bottom surface and / or side surface of the fourth opening.
- the eighth step includes a step in which the first EL layer is formed on the photoresist, on the sacrificial layer, and on the first conductor.
- the ninth step comprises removing the photoresist, the sacrificial layer, and the first EL layer formed on the upper surface of each of the photoresist and the sacrificial layer.
- the tenth step has a step in which the second EL layer is formed on the first EL layer, the second insulator, and the fourth opening.
- the eleventh step has a step in which the second conductor is formed on the second EL layer.
- the twelfth step has a step in which a third insulator is formed on the second conductor.
- the first EL layer has one of a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer and a light emitting layer
- the second EL layer is a hole. It may be a manufacturing method having the other of a transport layer and an electron transport layer.
- one aspect of the present invention may be a method for manufacturing a display device having the thirteenth step and the fourteenth step in any one of the above (1) to (3).
- the thirteenth step preferably has a step in which the resin layer is formed on the third insulator
- the fourteenth step preferably has a step in which the substrate is bonded on the resin layer.
- one aspect of the present invention may be the manufacturing method in which the substrate has a colored layer in the above (4).
- the substrate is bonded onto the resin layer at a position where the colored layer is superimposed on the first EL layer.
- one embodiment of the present invention comprises a first insulator, a second insulator, a third insulator, a first conductor, a second conductor, a first EL layer, and a second EL layer. It is a display device that has.
- the first conductor is located on the first insulator
- the second insulator is located on the first insulator and on the first conductor.
- the second insulator has a first opening reaching the first conductor located in a region where the second insulator overlaps with the first conductor, and the second insulator does not overlap with the first conductor. It also has a fourth opening located in a region that overlaps with the first insulator.
- first EL layer is located on the second insulator and on the first conductor located on the bottom surface of the first opening
- second EL layer is on the first EL layer and on the second insulator.
- first insulator located on the bottom surface of the fourth opening.
- second conductor is located on the second EL layer
- third insulator is located on the second conductor.
- the first EL layer has one of a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer and a light emitting layer
- the second EL layer is a hole transport layer or. It may be configured to have the other of the electron transport layers.
- one aspect of the present invention may be configured to have a resin layer and a substrate in the above (6) or (7).
- the resin layer is located on the third insulator and the substrate is located on the resin layer.
- the substrate may have a colored layer at a position superimposed on the first EL layer.
- one aspect of the present invention is an electronic device having the display device according to any one of (6) to (9) above and a housing.
- the semiconductor device is a device that utilizes semiconductor characteristics, and refers to a circuit including a semiconductor element (transistor, diode, photodiode, etc.), a device having the same circuit, and the like. It also refers to all devices that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics.
- a semiconductor element transistor, diode, photodiode, etc.
- the storage device, the display device, the light emitting device, the lighting device, the electronic device, and the like may be a semiconductor device itself, and may have a semiconductor device.
- an element for example, a switch, a transistor, a capacitive element, an inductor, a resistance element, a diode, a display
- One or more devices, light emitting devices, loads, etc. can be connected between X and Y.
- the switch has a function of controlling on / off. That is, the switch is in a conducting state (on state) or a non-conducting state (off state), and has a function of controlling whether or not a current flows.
- a circuit that enables functional connection between X and Y for example, a logic circuit (inverter, NAND circuit, NOR circuit, etc.), signal conversion) Circuits (digital-analog conversion circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, gamma correction circuit, etc.), potential level conversion circuit (power supply circuit (boost circuit, step-down circuit, etc.), level shifter circuit that changes the signal potential level, etc.), voltage source, current source , Switching circuit, amplifier circuit (circuit that can increase signal amplitude or current amount, operational amplifier, differential amplifier circuit, source follower circuit, buffer circuit, etc.), signal generation circuit, storage circuit, control circuit, etc.) It is possible to connect one or more to and from. As an example, even if another circuit is sandwiched between X and Y, if the signal output from X is transmitted to Y, it is assumed that X and Y are functionally connected. do.
- X and Y are electrically connected, it means that X and Y are electrically connected (that is, another element between X and Y). Or when they are connected by sandwiching another circuit) and when X and Y are directly connected (that is, they are connected without sandwiching another element or another circuit between X and Y). If there is) and.
- X and Y, the source (or the first terminal, etc.) and the drain (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor are electrically connected to each other, and the X, the source (or the second terminal, etc.) of the transistor are connected to each other. (1 terminal, etc.), the drain of the transistor (or the 2nd terminal, etc.), and Y are electrically connected in this order.
- the source of the transistor (or the first terminal, etc.) is electrically connected to X
- the drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, etc.) is electrically connected to Y
- the first terminal, etc.), the drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, etc.), and Y are electrically connected in this order.
- X is electrically connected to Y via the source (or first terminal, etc.) and drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor, and X, the source (or first terminal, etc.) of the transistor.
- the terminals, etc.), the drain of the transistor (or the second terminal, etc.), and Y are provided in this connection order.
- the source (or first terminal, etc.) and drain (or second terminal, etc.) of the transistor can be separated. Separately, the technical scope can be determined. It should be noted that these expression methods are examples, and are not limited to these expression methods.
- X and Y are objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).
- the circuit diagram shows that the independent components are electrically connected to each other, the case where one component has the functions of a plurality of components together.
- one component has the functions of a plurality of components together.
- one conductive film has both the functions of the wiring and the functions of the components of the electrodes. Therefore, the electrical connection in the present specification also includes the case where one conductive film has the functions of a plurality of components in combination.
- the “resistance element” may be, for example, a circuit element having a resistance value higher than 0 ⁇ , wiring having a resistance value higher than 0 ⁇ , or the like. Therefore, in the present specification and the like, the “resistance element” includes wiring having a resistance value, a transistor in which a current flows between a source and a drain, a diode, a coil, and the like. Therefore, the term “resistance element” may be paraphrased into terms such as “resistance”, “load”, and “region having a resistance value”. On the contrary, the terms “resistance”, “load”, and “region having a resistance value” may be paraphrased into terms such as “resistance element”.
- the resistance value can be, for example, preferably 1 m ⁇ or more and 10 ⁇ or less, more preferably 5 m ⁇ or more and 5 ⁇ or less, and further preferably 10 m ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ or less. Further, for example, it may be 1 ⁇ or more and 1 ⁇ 10 9 ⁇ or less.
- the “capacitance element” means, for example, a circuit element having a capacitance value higher than 0F, a wiring region having a capacitance value higher than 0F, a parasitic capacitance, and a transistor. It can be the gate capacitance of. Further, terms such as “capacitive element”, “parasitic capacitance”, and “gate capacitance” may be paraphrased into terms such as “capacity”. Conversely, the term “capacity” may be paraphrased into terms such as “capacitive element”, “parasitic capacitance”, and “gate capacitance”.
- the term “pair of electrodes” of “capacity” can be paraphrased as “pair of conductors", “pair of conductive regions", “pair of regions” and the like.
- the value of the capacitance can be, for example, 0.05 fF or more and 10 pF or less. Further, for example, it may be 1 pF or more and 10 ⁇ F or less.
- the transistor has three terminals called a gate, a source, and a drain.
- the gate is a control terminal that controls the conduction state of the transistor.
- the two terminals that function as sources or drains are the input and output terminals of the transistor.
- One of the two input / output terminals becomes a source and the other becomes a drain depending on the high and low potentials given to the conductive type (n-channel type and p-channel type) of the transistor and the three terminals of the transistor. Therefore, in the present specification and the like, the terms source and drain may be paraphrased with each other.
- the transistor when explaining the connection relationship of transistors, "one of the source or drain” (or the first electrode or the first terminal), “the other of the source or drain” (or the second electrode, or the second electrode, or The notation (second terminal) is used.
- it may have a back gate in addition to the above-mentioned three terminals.
- one of the gate or the back gate of the transistor may be referred to as a first gate
- the other of the gate or the back gate of the transistor may be referred to as a second gate.
- the terms “gate” and “backgate” may be interchangeable.
- the respective gates When the transistor has three or more gates, the respective gates may be referred to as a first gate, a second gate, a third gate, and the like in the present specification and the like.
- a transistor having a multi-gate structure having two or more gate electrodes can be used as an example of a transistor.
- the channel forming regions are connected in series, so that the structure is such that a plurality of transistors are connected in series. Therefore, the multi-gate structure can reduce the off-current and improve the withstand voltage of the transistor (improve the reliability).
- the multi-gate structure due to the multi-gate structure, even if the voltage between the drain and the source changes when operating in the saturated region, the current between the drain and the source does not change much, and the slope is flat. The characteristics can be obtained. By utilizing the voltage / current characteristics with a flat slope, it is possible to realize an ideal current source circuit or an active load having a very high resistance value. As a result, it is possible to realize a differential circuit or a current mirror circuit having good characteristics.
- the circuit element may have a plurality of circuit elements.
- one resistance is described on the circuit diagram, it includes the case where two or more resistances are electrically connected in series.
- one capacity is described on the circuit diagram, it includes a case where two or more capacities are electrically connected in parallel.
- one transistor is described on the circuit diagram, two or more transistors are electrically connected in series, and the gates of the respective transistors are electrically connected to each other.
- Shall include.
- the switch has two or more transistors, and two or more transistors are electrically connected in series or in parallel. It is assumed that the gates of the respective transistors are electrically connected to each other.
- a node can be paraphrased as a terminal, a wiring, an electrode, a conductive layer, a conductor, an impurity region, etc., depending on a circuit configuration, a device structure, and the like.
- terminals, wiring, etc. can be paraphrased as nodes.
- ground potential ground potential
- the potentials are relative, and when the reference potential changes, the potential given to the wiring, the potential applied to the circuit, the potential output from the circuit, and the like also change.
- the terms “high level potential” and “low level potential” do not mean a specific potential.
- the high level potentials provided by both wirings do not have to be equal to each other.
- the low-level potentials provided by both wirings do not have to be equal to each other. ..
- the "current” is a charge transfer phenomenon (electrical conduction).
- the description “electrical conduction of a positively charged body is occurring” means “electrical conduction of a negatively charged body in the opposite direction”. Is happening. " Therefore, in the present specification and the like, “current” refers to a charge transfer phenomenon (electrical conduction) associated with carrier transfer, unless otherwise specified.
- the carrier here include electrons, holes, anions, cations, complex ions, and the like, and the carriers differ depending on the system in which the current flows (for example, semiconductor, metal, electrolytic solution, vacuum, etc.).
- the "current direction” in wiring or the like is the direction in which the carrier that becomes a positive charge moves, and is described as a positive current amount.
- the direction in which the carrier that becomes a negative charge moves is opposite to the direction of the current, and is expressed by the amount of negative current. Therefore, in the present specification and the like, if there is no disclaimer regarding the positive or negative current (or the direction of the current), the description such as “current flows from element A to element B” is described as “current flows from element B to element A”. Can be rephrased as. Further, the description such as “a current is input to the element A” can be rephrased as "a current is output from the element A” or the like.
- the ordinal numbers “first”, “second”, and “third” are added to avoid confusion of the constituent elements. Therefore, the number of components is not limited. Moreover, the order of the components is not limited. For example, the component referred to in “first” in one of the embodiments of the present specification and the like may be the other embodiment or the component referred to in “second” in the scope of claims. There can also be. Further, for example, the component referred to in “first” in one of the embodiments of the present specification and the like may be omitted in another embodiment or in the scope of claims.
- the terms “upper” and “lower” do not limit the positional relationship of the constituent elements to be directly above or directly below and to be in direct contact with each other.
- electrode B on the insulating layer A it is not necessary that the electrode B is formed in direct contact with the insulating layer A, and another configuration is formed between the insulating layer A and the electrode B. Do not exclude those that contain elements.
- words such as “membrane” and “layer” can be interchanged with each other depending on the situation.
- the terms “insulating layer” and “insulating film” may be changed to the term "insulator”.
- Electrode may be used as part of a “wiring” and vice versa.
- the term “electrode” or “wiring” includes the case where a plurality of “electrodes” or “wiring” are integrally formed.
- a “terminal” may be used as part of a “wiring” or “electrode” and vice versa.
- the term “terminal” includes a case where a plurality of "electrodes", “wiring”, “terminals” and the like are integrally formed.
- the "electrode” can be a part of “wiring” or “terminal”, and for example, “terminal” can be a part of “wiring” or “electrode”. Further, terms such as “electrode”, “wiring”, and “terminal” may be replaced with terms such as "area” in some cases.
- terms such as “wiring”, “signal line”, and “power line” can be interchanged with each other in some cases or depending on the situation.
- the reverse is also true, and it may be possible to change terms such as “signal line” and “power line” to the term “wiring”.
- a term such as “power line” may be changed to a term such as "signal line”.
- a term such as “signal line” may be changed to a term such as “power line”.
- the term “potential” applied to the wiring may be changed to a term such as “signal” in some cases or depending on the situation.
- the reverse is also true, and terms such as “signal” may be changed to the term “potential”.
- the semiconductor impurities refer to, for example, other than the main components constituting the semiconductor layer.
- an element having a concentration of less than 0.1 atomic% is an impurity.
- the inclusion of impurities may result in, for example, an increase in the defect level density of the semiconductor, a decrease in carrier mobility, a decrease in crystallinity, and the like.
- the impurities that change the characteristics of the semiconductor include, for example, group 1 element, group 2 element, group 13 element, group 14 element, group 15 element, and other than the main component.
- transition metals and the like and in particular, hydrogen (also contained in water), lithium, sodium, silicon, boron, phosphorus, carbon, nitrogen and the like.
- the impurities that change the characteristics of the semiconductor include, for example, Group 1 element, Group 2 element, Group 13 element, Group 15 element and the like (however, oxygen, Does not contain hydrogen).
- the switch means a switch that is in a conductive state (on state) or a non-conducting state (off state) and has a function of controlling whether or not a current flows.
- the switch means a switch having a function of selecting and switching a path through which a current flows. Therefore, the switch may have two or three or more terminals through which a current flows, in addition to the control terminals.
- an electric switch, a mechanical switch, or the like can be used. That is, the switch is not limited to a specific switch as long as it can control the current.
- Examples of electrical switches include transistors (for example, bipolar transistors, MOS transistors, etc.), diodes (for example, PN diodes, PIN diodes, shotkey diodes, MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) diodes, and MIS (Metal Insulator Semiconductor) diodes. , Diode-connected transistors, etc.), or logic circuits that combine these.
- transistors for example, bipolar transistors, MOS transistors, etc.
- diodes for example, PN diodes, PIN diodes, shotkey diodes, MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) diodes, and MIS (Metal Insulator Semiconductor) diodes. , Diode-connected transistors, etc.
- the "conduction state" of the transistor is, for example, a state in which the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor can be regarded as being electrically short-circuited, and a current is applied between the source electrode and the drain electrode. A state in which it can be
- the "non-conducting state" of the transistor means a state in which the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor can be regarded as being electrically cut off.
- the polarity (conductive type) of the transistor is not particularly limited.
- An example of a mechanical switch is a switch that uses MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) technology.
- the switch has an electrode that can be moved mechanically, and by moving the electrode, conduction and non-conduction are controlled and operated.
- a device manufactured by using a metal mask or an FMM may be referred to as a device having an MM (metal mask) structure.
- a device manufactured without using a metal mask or FMM may be referred to as a device having an MML (metal maskless) structure.
- SBS Side
- a light emitting device capable of emitting white light may be referred to as a white light emitting device.
- the white light emitting device can be combined with a colored layer (for example, a color filter) to form a display device for full-color display.
- the light emitting device can be roughly divided into a single structure and a tandem structure.
- a device having a single structure preferably has one light emitting unit between a pair of electrodes, and the light emitting unit is preferably configured to include one or more light emitting layers.
- a light emitting layer may be selected so that the light emission of each of the two or more light emitting layers has a complementary color relationship. For example, by making the emission color of the first light emitting layer and the emission color of the second light emitting layer have a complementary color relationship, it is possible to obtain a configuration in which the entire light emitting device emits white light. The same applies to a light emitting device having three or more light emitting layers.
- the device having a tandem structure has two or more light emitting units between a pair of electrodes, and each light emitting unit includes one or more light emitting layers.
- each light emitting unit includes one or more light emitting layers.
- the light emitted from the light emitting layers of a plurality of light emitting units may be combined to obtain white light emission.
- the configuration for obtaining white light emission is the same as the configuration for a single structure.
- the SBS structure light emitting device can have lower power consumption than the white light emitting device.
- the white light emitting device is suitable because the manufacturing process is simpler than that of the light emitting device having an SBS structure, so that the manufacturing cost can be lowered or the manufacturing yield can be increased.
- parallel means a state in which two straight lines are arranged at an angle of -10 ° or more and 10 ° or less. Therefore, the case of ⁇ 5 ° or more and 5 ° or less is also included.
- substantially parallel or approximately parallel means a state in which two straight lines are arranged at an angle of -30 ° or more and 30 ° or less.
- vertical means a state in which two straight lines are arranged at an angle of 80 ° or more and 100 ° or less. Therefore, the case of 85 ° or more and 95 ° or less is also included.
- substantially vertical or “approximately vertical” means a state in which two straight lines are arranged at an angle of 60 ° or more and 120 ° or less.
- a method for manufacturing a display device having a high resolution it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a display device having low power consumption.
- a method for manufacturing a display device having a small size it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a new display device.
- a display device that satisfies at least one of high resolution, low power consumption, and a small area it is possible to provide a display device that satisfies at least one of high resolution, low power consumption, and a small area.
- an electronic device having the above-mentioned display device can be provided.
- the effect of one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the effects listed above.
- the effects listed above do not preclude the existence of other effects.
- the other effects are the effects not mentioned in this item, which are described below. Effects not mentioned in this item can be derived from the description in the specification, drawings, etc. by those skilled in the art, and can be appropriately extracted from these descriptions.
- one aspect of the present invention has at least one of the above-listed effects and other effects. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention may not have the effects listed above in some cases.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a display device.
- 2A to 2C are schematic views showing a configuration example of a light emitting device.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the display device.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the display device.
- 5A to 5E are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 6A to 6E are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 7A to 7E are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 8A to 8D are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 9A to 9C are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of the display device.
- 10A to 10C are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of the display device.
- 11A and 11B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of a display device.
- 12A to 12E are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 13A to 13D are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 14A and 14B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of a display device.
- 15A and 15B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of a transistor.
- 16A and 16B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a configuration example of a transistor.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram for explaining the classification of the crystal structure of IGZO
- FIG. 17B is a diagram for explaining the XRD spectrum of the crystalline IGZO
- FIG. 17C is a diagram for explaining the microelectron diffraction pattern of the crystalline IGZO.
- .. 18A to 18F are views showing a configuration example of an electronic device.
- 19A and 19B are diagrams showing a configuration example of a display module.
- 20A and 20B are diagrams showing a configuration example of an electronic device.
- 21A to 21C are diagrams showing a configuration example of an electronic device.
- 22A to 22D are views showing a configuration example of an electronic device.
- a metal oxide is a metal oxide in a broad sense. Metal oxides are classified into oxide insulators, oxide conductors (including transparent oxide conductors), oxide semiconductors (also referred to as Oxide Semiconductor or simply OS) and the like. For example, when a metal oxide is contained in the channel forming region of a transistor, the metal oxide may be referred to as an oxide semiconductor. That is, when a metal oxide can form a channel forming region of a transistor having at least one of an amplification action, a rectifying action, and a switching action, the metal oxide is referred to as a metal oxide semiconductor. be able to. Further, when the term "OS transistor" is used, it can be rephrased as a transistor having a metal oxide or an oxide semiconductor.
- a metal oxide having nitrogen may also be collectively referred to as a metal oxide. Further, the metal oxide having nitrogen may be referred to as a metal oxynitride.
- the configuration shown in each embodiment can be appropriately combined with the configuration shown in other embodiments to form one aspect of the present invention. Further, when a plurality of configuration examples are shown in one embodiment, the configuration examples can be appropriately combined with each other.
- the content described in one embodiment (may be a part of the content) is different from the content described in the embodiment (may be a part of the content) and one or more different implementations. It is possible to apply, combine, or replace at least one content with the content described in the form of (may be a part of the content).
- figure (which may be a part) described in one embodiment is different from another part of the figure, another figure (which may be a part) described in the embodiment, and one or more different figures.
- the figure (which may be a part) described in the embodiment is different from another part of the figure, another figure (which may be a part) described in the embodiment, and one or more different figures.
- more figures can be formed.
- the code is used for identification such as "_1", “[n]”, “[m, n]”. May be added and described. Further, in the drawings and the like, when the reference numerals such as “_1”, “[n]” and “[m, n]” are added to the reference numerals, when it is not necessary to distinguish them in the present specification and the like, when it is not necessary to distinguish them.
- the identification code may not be described.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device according to an aspect of the present invention.
- the display device 100 shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which a pixel circuit, a drive circuit, and the like are provided on a substrate 101.
- the substrate 101 for example, a semiconductor substrate made of silicon or germanium (for example, a single crystal substrate) can be used.
- the substrate 101 includes, for example, an SOI (Silicon On Insulator) substrate, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a plastic substrate, a sapphire glass substrate, a metal substrate, a stainless steel substrate, and a stainless steel still foil.
- SOI Silicon On Insulator
- a substrate having a substrate, a tungsten substrate, a substrate having a tungsten foil, a flexible substrate, a laminated film, a paper containing a fibrous material, a base film, or the like can be used.
- glass substrates include barium borosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, and soda lime glass.
- flexible substrates, laminated films, base films, etc. include the following.
- plastics typified by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyether sulfone (PES), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PES polyether sulfone
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- synthetic resin such as acrylic.
- polypropylene polyester, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride and the like.
- the substrate 101 there are polyamide, polyimide, aramid, epoxy resin, inorganic thin-film film, papers and the like.
- heat treatment it is preferable to select a material having high heat resistance as the substrate 101.
- the substrate 101 will be described as a semiconductor substrate having silicon or the like as a material.
- the display device 100 has a transistor 170 and a light emitting device 150a to a light emitting device 150c on the substrate 101.
- the transistor 170 is provided on the substrate 101, and has an element separation layer 171, a conductor 175, an insulator 174, a semiconductor region 173 including a part of the substrate 101, a low resistance region 172a that functions as a source region or a drain region, and a low resistance region. It has a resistance region 172b. Therefore, the transistor 170 is a transistor (hereinafter referred to as a Si transistor) in which silicon is contained in the channel forming region. In FIG. 1, one of the source region and the drain region of the transistor 170 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode (conductor 121 described later) of the light emitting device 150 via the conductor 126 described later.
- the electrical connection configuration of the semiconductor device of one aspect of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the source or drain of the transistor 170 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode (conductor 121) of the light emitting device 150 via the conductor 126.
- the gate of the transistor 170 may be electrically connected to the pixel electrode (conductor 121 described later) of the light emitting device 150 via the conductor 126.
- the effective channel width can be increased and the on-characteristics of the transistor 170 can be improved. Further, since the contribution of the electric field of the gate electrode can be increased, the off characteristic of the transistor 170 can be improved.
- the transistor 170 may be either a p-channel type or an n-channel type. Alternatively, a plurality of transistors 170 may be provided, and both a p-channel type and an n-channel type may be used.
- a semiconductor such as a silicon-based semiconductor in a region in which a channel of the semiconductor region 173 is formed, a region in the vicinity thereof, a low resistance region 172a as a source region or a drain region, a low resistance region 172b, and the like.
- It preferably contains crystalline silicon.
- it may be formed of a material having Ge (germanium), SiGe (silicon germanium), GaAs (gallium arsenide), GaAlAs (gallium aluminum arsenide), GaN (gallium nitride), or the like.
- a configuration using silicon in which the effective mass is controlled by applying stress to the crystal lattice and changing the lattice spacing may be used.
- the transistor 170 may be a HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) by using GaAs, GaAlAs, or the like.
- the conductor 175 that functions as a gate electrode is a semiconductor material such as silicon, a metal material, or an alloy containing an element that imparts n-type conductivity such as arsenic or phosphorus, or an element that imparts p-type conductivity such as boron.
- a conductive material such as a material or a metal oxide material can be used.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor can be adjusted by selecting the material of the conductor. Specifically, it is preferable to use a material such as titanium nitride or tantalum nitride for the conductor. Further, in order to achieve both conductivity and embedding property, it is preferable to use a metal material such as tungsten or aluminum as a laminate for the conductor, and it is particularly preferable to use tungsten in terms of heat resistance.
- the element separation layer 171 is provided to separate a plurality of transistors formed on the substrate 101.
- the element separation layer can be formed by using, for example, a LOCOS (Local Oxidation of Silicon) method, an STI (Shallow Trench Isolation) method, a mesa separation method, or the like.
- LOCOS Local Oxidation of Silicon
- STI Shallow Trench Isolation
- the transistor 170 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the transistor 170 is not limited to the structure thereof, and an appropriate transistor may be used depending on the circuit configuration, driving method, and the like.
- the transistor 170 may have a planar type structure instead of a Fin type structure.
- an insulator 116, an insulator 117, and an insulator 111 are laminated in this order.
- silicon oxide, silicon oxide nitride, silicon nitride oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide nitride, aluminum nitride, or the like may be used.
- silicon oxide refers to a material having a higher oxygen content than nitrogen as its composition
- silicon nitride as its composition refers to a material having a higher nitrogen content than oxygen as its composition. Is shown.
- aluminum nitride refers to a material whose composition has a higher oxygen content than nitrogen
- aluminum nitride refers to a material whose composition has a higher nitrogen content than oxygen. Is shown.
- the insulator 117 may have a function as a flattening film for flattening a step generated by the insulator 116 and the transistor 170 covered with the insulator 117.
- the upper surface of the insulator 117 may be flattened by a flattening treatment using a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) method or the like in order to improve the flatness.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- a barrier insulating film for the insulator 111 so that water, hydrogen, impurities and the like do not diffuse in the region above the insulator 111 from the substrate 101 or the transistor 170. Therefore, it is preferable to use an insulating material for the insulator 111, which has a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as hydrogen atoms, hydrogen molecules, and water molecules (the above impurities are difficult to permeate). Further, depending on the situation, the insulator 111 has a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as nitrogen atoms, nitrogen molecules, nitrogen oxide molecules ( N2O, NO, NO2, etc.) and copper atoms (the above oxygen is permeated). It is preferable to use an insulating material (which is difficult to do). Alternatively, it is preferable to have a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen (for example, at least one oxygen atom, oxygen molecule, etc.).
- the barrier insulating film refers to an insulating film having a barrier property.
- the barrier property is a function of suppressing the diffusion of the corresponding substance (also referred to as low permeability).
- the corresponding substance has a function of capturing and fixing (also referred to as gettering).
- the insulator 111 it is preferable to use an insulator having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as water and hydrogen, and oxygen.
- an insulator having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as water and hydrogen, and oxygen For example, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, hafnium oxide, gallium oxide, and indium gallium zinc oxide.
- Silicon nitride, silicon nitride oxide and the like can be used.
- silicon nitride or the like which has a higher hydrogen barrier property, as the insulator 111.
- the amount of hydrogen desorbed can be analyzed using, for example, a heated desorption gas analysis method (TDS).
- TDS heated desorption gas analysis method
- the amount of hydrogen desorbed from the insulator 111 is the amount of desorption converted into hydrogen atoms in the range of the surface temperature of the film in the range of 50 ° C. to 500 ° C., converted to the area of the insulator 111. It may be 10 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 2 or less, preferably 5 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 2 or less.
- the insulator 111 is a film having high flatness.
- an organic material such as acrylic resin or polyimide can be applied.
- the insulator 111 has a lower dielectric constant than the insulator 117.
- the relative permittivity of the insulator 111 is preferably less than 4, more preferably less than 3.
- the relative permittivity of the insulator 111 is preferably 0.7 times or less, more preferably 0.6 times or less the relative permittivity of the insulator 117.
- a conductor 126 or the like connected to a light emitting device or the like provided above the insulator 111 is embedded.
- the conductor 126 has a function as a plug or wiring.
- a plurality of structures may be collectively given the same reference numeral.
- the wiring and the plug connected to the wiring may be integrated. That is, a part of the conductor may function as a wiring, and a part of the conductor may function as a plug.
- a conductive material such as a metal material, an alloy material, a metal nitride material, or a metal oxide material can be used as a single layer or laminated. It is preferable to use a refractory material such as tungsten or molybdenum that has both heat resistance and conductivity, and it is preferable to use tungsten. Alternatively, it is preferably formed of a low resistance conductive material such as aluminum or copper. Wiring resistance can be reduced by using a low resistance conductive material.
- a wiring layer may be provided on the layer above the insulator 117 and below the insulator 111 (not shown).
- a light emitting device 150a to a light emitting device 150c are provided above the insulator 111.
- configuration examples of the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c provided above the insulator 111 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
- the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c when each of the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c is not distinguished, the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c may be collectively described as the light emitting device 150.
- the conductors 121a to 121c may be collectively referred to as the conductor 121
- the EL layers 141a to 141c may be collectively referred to as the EL layer 141.
- conductors 121a to 121c that function as pixel electrodes of the light emitting devices 150a to 150c are provided on the insulator 111.
- a region where the conductor 121a to the conductor 121c is not provided exists in a part of the insulator 111.
- An insulator 112 is provided on the insulator 111 and the conductor 121a.
- a region where the insulator 112 is not provided exists on the conductor 121a, the conductor 121b, and a part of the conductor 121c.
- An EL layer 141a is provided on the insulator 112 and the conductor 121a. Further, an EL layer 141b is provided on the insulator 112 and the conductor 121b. Further, an EL layer 141c is provided on the insulator 112 and the conductor 121c. In addition, in FIG. 1, a region where the EL layer 141a to the EL layer 141c is not provided exists in a part of the insulator 112.
- each of the EL layer 141a to the EL layer 141c has a light emitting layer exhibiting light emission of different colors.
- the EL layer 141a has a light emitting layer exhibiting blue (B) emission
- the EL layer 141b has a light emitting layer exhibiting green (G) emission
- the EL layer 141c has a red (R) emission. It can have a light emitting layer that emits light.
- SBS Side By Side
- the combination of colors emitted by the light emitting layer contained in each of the EL layer 141a to 141c is not limited to the above, and for example, colors such as cyan, magenta, and yellow may be used. Further, although the example of three colors is shown above, the number of colors emitted by the light emitting device 150 included in the display device 100 may be two colors or four or more colors.
- the EL layer 141a, EL layer 141b, and EL layer 141c are composed of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole injection layer, and a hole transport layer, in addition to a layer containing a luminescent organic compound (light emitting layer), respectively. Of these, one or more may be possessed.
- the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c in FIG. 1 can be composed of a plurality of layers such as a layer 4420, a light emitting layer 4411, and a layer 4430, as in the light emitting device 150 shown in FIG. 2A.
- the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c can each have a light emitting layer 4411 and a layer 4430.
- the layer 4420 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having high electron injectability (electron injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having high electron transport property (electron transport layer).
- the light emitting layer 4411 has, for example, a luminescent compound.
- the layer 4430 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having a high hole injection property (hole injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having a high hole transport property (hole transport layer).
- a configuration having a layer 4420, a light emitting layer 4411 and a layer 4430 provided between a pair of electrodes (a conductor 121 and a conductor 122 described later) can function as a single light emitting unit, and is shown in the present specification and the like.
- the configuration of 2A is called a single structure.
- a configuration in which a plurality of light emitting layers (light emitting layer 4411, light emitting layer 4412, light emitting layer 4413) are provided between the layer 4420 and the layer 4430 is also a variation of the single structure.
- a laminate having a plurality of layers such as layer 4420, light emitting layer 4411, and layer 4430 may be referred to as a light emitting unit.
- a plurality of light emitting units can be connected in series via an intermediate layer (charge generation layer).
- a plurality of light emitting units, a light emitting unit 4400a and a light emitting unit 4400b can be connected in series via an intermediate layer (charge generation layer) 4440.
- a tandem structure such referred to as a tandem structure.
- the tandem structure may be paraphrased as, for example, a stack structure.
- the light emitting device 150 of the display device 100 of FIG. 1 has a tandem structure
- the EL layer 141 includes, for example, the light emitting layer 4411 and the layer 4430 of the light emitting unit 4400a, the intermediate layer 4440, and the layer 4420 and the light emitting layer 4412 of the light emitting unit 4400b. And layer 4430 can be included.
- the SBS structure described above can have lower power consumption than the single structure and tandem structure described above. Therefore, when it is desired to keep the power consumption low, it is preferable to use the SBS structure.
- the single structure and the tandem structure are suitable because the manufacturing process is simpler than the SBS structure, so that the manufacturing cost can be lowered or the manufacturing yield can be increased.
- the emission color of the light emitting device 150 can be red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, white, or the like, depending on the material constituting the EL layer 141. Further, the color purity can be further improved by imparting the microcavity structure to the light emitting device 150.
- the light emitting device that emits white light has a structure in which the light emitting layer contains two or more kinds of light emitting substances.
- a light emitting substance may be selected so that the light emission of each of the two or more light emitting substances has a complementary color relationship.
- the light emitting layer preferably contains two or more light emitting substances such as R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow), and O (orange).
- R red
- G green
- B blue
- Y yellow
- O orange
- a gap is provided between the two EL layers between light emitting devices of different colors.
- the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c are provided so as not to be in contact with each other.
- an unintended light emission also referred to as crosstalk
- crosstalk an unintended light emission due to a current flowing through two adjacent EL layers. Therefore, the contrast can be enhanced, and a display device with high display quality can be realized.
- the EL layer 142 is provided on the insulator 112, the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c.
- the EL layer 142 corresponds to, for example, the layer 4420 in the light emitting device 150 of FIG. 2A, and can be a layer containing an organic compound. That is, the EL layer 142 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having a high electron injectability (electron injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property (electron transport layer).
- the EL layer 142 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having a high electron injectability (electron injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property (electron transport layer).
- the EL layer 142 is formed so as to be continuous on the insulator 112, the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c. That is, the EL layer 142 (electron injection layer and electron transport layer) can be a common EL layer in each of the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c.
- a conductor 122 and an insulator 113 are provided in order on the EL layer 142.
- the conductor 122 functions as, for example, a common electrode for each of the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c. Further, since the light emitted from the light emitting device 150 is emitted above the display device 100, it is preferable that the conductor 122 has a conductive material having translucency.
- the insulator 113 functions as, for example, a passivation film that protects the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c. Therefore, the insulator 113 is preferably a material that prevents the ingress of water and the like.
- a resin layer 161 is provided on the insulator 113. Further, a substrate 102 is provided on the resin layer 161.
- the substrate 102 for example, it is preferable to apply a substrate having translucency.
- a substrate having translucency By using a translucent substrate for the substrate 102, the light emitted by the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c can be emitted above the substrate 102.
- the display device 100 of FIG. 1 by configuring the display device 100 of FIG. 1, it is possible to realize a display device having a resolution of preferably 1000 ppi or more, more preferably 3000 ppi or more, still more preferably 5000 ppi or more.
- one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned configuration, and the above-mentioned configuration can be appropriately changed depending on the situation.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which a Si transistor is provided on the substrate 101 and a light emitting device 150 is provided on the Si transistor, but the Si transistor may be replaced with another transistor.
- the display device 100 shown in FIG. 3 shows a configuration in which the Si transistor is replaced with an OS transistor in the display device 100 shown in FIG.
- a transistor 500 which is an OS transistor
- an insulator 581 is provided on the transistor 500
- a light emitting device 150 is provided on the insulator 581.
- the OS transistor will be described in detail in the second embodiment.
- a transistor 170 which is a Si transistor is provided on the substrate 101
- a transistor 500 which is an OS transistor is provided on the transistor 170
- a light emitting device 150 is provided on the transistor 500. It may be provided as a configuration.
- the transistor 500 may be a driving transistor in the light emitting device 150
- the transistor 170 may be a transistor included in a driver circuit for driving the display device 100.
- the above-mentioned light emitting device 150a, light emitting device 150b, and light emitting device 150c can be arranged in a matrix as an example.
- the matrix-like array may be called a striped array.
- the arrangement method of the light emitting device is not limited to this, and an arrangement method such as a delta type arrangement or a zigzag type arrangement may be applied, or a pentile type arrangement may be used.
- an EL element such as an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or a QLED (Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode).
- Luminescent substances possessed by EL elements include substances that emit fluorescence (fluorescent materials), substances that emit phosphorescence (phosphorescent materials), inorganic compounds (quantum dot materials, etc.), and substances that exhibit thermal activated delayed fluorescence (thermally activated delayed fluorescence). (TADF) material) and the like.
- 5A to 8D are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device according to an aspect of the present invention.
- 5A to 8D show an example of a method for manufacturing the display device 100 of FIG.
- the method of manufacturing the display device 100 will be described as having steps A1 to A18 as an example.
- step A1 In step A1, as shown in FIG. 5A, the insulator 111, the conductors 121a to 121c provided on the insulator 111, and the insulation provided on the insulator 111 and the conductors 121a to 121c.
- a laminated body in which the body 112 and the body 112 are formed is prepared. As shown in FIG. 1, a transistor, wiring, an interlayer film, and the like are provided below the insulator 111 (not shown in FIGS. 5A to 8D).
- FIG. 5A shows a cross-sectional view of a laminate in which the insulator 111, the conductors 121a to 121c, and the insulator 112 are formed in the display device 100.
- the conductors 121a to 121c can be formed, for example, by forming a conductive film on the insulator 111 and performing a patterning step, an etching step, or the like on the conductive film. That is, step A1 has a step in which the conductors 121a to 121c are formed on the insulator 111.
- the insulator 112 has, for example, formed an insulating film on the insulator 111 and on the conductors 121a to 121c, and has an opening in the region of the insulating film superimposed on the conductors 121a to 121c.
- step A1 the step in which the insulating film is formed on the insulator 111, the conductor 121a, the conductor 121b, and the conductor 121c, and the conductor 121a and the conductor of the insulating film are conductive. It has a step of forming an opening on the body 121b and in a region superimposing on each of the conductor 121c.
- the opening formed in step A1 is referred to as a first opening.
- each of the conductors 121a to 121c functions as an anode of the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c included in the display device 100.
- indium tin oxide sometimes called ITO
- ITO indium tin oxide
- each of the conductors 121a to 121c may have a laminated structure of two or more layers instead of one layer.
- a conductor having a high reflectance with respect to visible light can be applied, and as the conductor of the uppermost layer, a conductor having a high translucency can be applied.
- the conductor having high reflectance with respect to visible light include silver, aluminum, an alloy film of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd) and copper (Cu) (Ag-Pd-Cu (APC) film).
- the conductor having high translucency include the above-mentioned indium tin oxide and the like.
- the conductors 121a to 121c include, for example, an aluminum laminated film sandwiched between a pair of titanium (a laminated film in the order of Ti, Al, Ti) and silver sandwiched between a pair of indium tin oxides. It can be a laminated film (a laminated film in the order of ITO, Ag, ITO) or the like.
- the insulator 112 is preferably a material that does not melt with the resin 131_1 applied in a later step, for example.
- Examples of the material that does not melt with the resin 131_1 include an inorganic film having an insulating property.
- the insulating inorganic film for example, silicon oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, aluminum nitride and the like can be used.
- an organic film may be used as long as it is a material that does not melt with the resin 131_1 applied in a later step.
- Examples of the organic film applicable to the insulator 112 include polyimide and the like.
- the insulator 112 may have a multilayer structure in which the first layer is the above-mentioned organic film and the second layer is the above-mentioned inorganic film.
- the organic film of the first layer can be protected by the inorganic film of the second layer, it is possible to use a material that melts with the resin 131_1 applied in a later step as the organic film of the first layer. can.
- Step A2 has a step in which the resin 131_1 is applied on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 5A, that is, on the insulator 112 and on the conductors 121a to 121c. Further, step A2 has a step of curing the resin 131_1 according to the curing conditions of the resin 131_1 after the resin 131_1 is applied (see FIG. 5B).
- the resin 131_1 for example, it is preferable to use a resin that is soluble in water, alcohol, or the like. Further, the resin 131_1 preferably has properties such as a thermosetting resin and photocurability in addition to the above-mentioned solubility.
- the photocurable resin include resins that cure in the wavelength range of ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, and the like.
- the resin 131_1 when the resin 131_1 is partially removed by an etching treatment in step A4 described later, it is preferable to use a material having a selectivity with that of the insulator 112.
- the resin 131_1 for example, it is preferable to use a material that does not melt with the resin 132_1 applied in a later step, or a material that does not easily melt.
- the film thickness of the resin 131_1 will be described later.
- Step A3 has a step in which the resin 132_1 is applied to the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 5B (see FIG. 5C).
- the resin 132_1 is preferably, for example, a photoresist.
- the photoresist may be a negative type or a positive type. In this production method, the resin 132_1 will be described as a negative type photoresist.
- the film thickness of the resin 132_1 is preferably thicker than that of the resin 131_1, for example. Specifically, for example, when the film thickness of the resin 131_1 is 1 ⁇ m, it is preferable that the film thickness of the resin 132_1 is 2 ⁇ m. Alternatively, for example, when the film thickness of the resin 131_1 is 0.5 ⁇ m, the film thickness of the resin 132_1 is preferably 1 ⁇ m.
- Step A4 has a step in which an exposure step and a developing step are performed on the resin 132_1 shown in FIG. 5C.
- the resin 132_1 is a negative type photoresist.
- the exposure range for the resin 132_1 is, for example, a range including the region of the resin 132_1 that does not overlap with the conductor 121a.
- an opening reaching the resin 131_1 can be formed in the region (unexposed region) superimposed on the conductor 121a of the resin 132_1 (see FIG. 5D).
- the opening formed in step A4 is referred to as a second opening.
- the side surface of the opening of the resin 132_1 can be reverse-tapered.
- the side surface of the opening of the resin 132_1 can be similarly tapered by appropriately determining the conditions in the exposure process and the developing process.
- the taper angle refers to the inside of the layer formed by the side surface and the bottom surface of the layer when the layer having the tapered shape is observed from the cross-sectional direction (the surface orthogonal to the surface of the substrate). Indicates the angle. Further, when the taper angle is less than 90 °, it is called a forward taper, and when the taper angle is 90 ° or more, it is called a reverse taper.
- the resin 131_1 may be dissolved in the chemical solution due to the chemical solution such as the developing solution used in the developing step of step A4.
- a step of forming a protective layer on the resin 131_1 may also be provided between steps A2 and A3.
- the protective layer preferably has resistance to the chemical solution used in the developing step of step A4.
- FIG. 5E shows a cross-sectional view of a laminate in which the protective layer 133 is formed between steps A2 and A3, and the second opening is formed in the resin 132_1 by step A4.
- Step A5 has a step in which an opening is formed with respect to the resin 131_1 shown in FIG. 5D.
- the range in which the opening is formed is the range inside the second opening and including the region of the resin 131_1 superimposed on the conductor 121a (see FIG. 6A). Specifically, in the region of the resin 131_1 located on the bottom surface of the second opening, the region superimposed on the first opening and the region superimposed on the insulator 112, the conductor located on the bottom surface of the first opening. An opening is formed that reaches the 121a and the insulator 112. In this embodiment, the opening formed in step A5 is referred to as a third opening.
- an etching process may be performed.
- an ashing treatment may be performed in which oxygen gas is flowed in and the oxygen gas is converted into plasma.
- a part of the resin 132_1 may also be removed.
- the film thickness of the resin 132_1 is preferably thicker than the film thickness of the resin 131_1 in order to prevent all of the resin 132_1 from being removed when the third opening is formed.
- the film thickness ratio between the resin 131_1 and the resin 132_1 is not particularly limited.
- Step A6 has a step in which the EL layer 141A is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 6A, that is, on the conductor 121a, the insulator 112, the resin 131_1, and the resin 132_1 (see FIG. 6B). ..
- the EL layer 141A is not formed on all the ends of the second opening of the resin 132_1. That is, the film-formed EL layer 141A has a structure that is divided into a region on the conductor 121a, an insulator 112, a region on the resin 131_1, and a region on the resin 132_1 by the second opening of the resin 132_1. Will be.
- the taper angle of the portion is, for example, preferably 95 ° or more, more preferably 100 ° or more, more preferably 110 ° or more, and further preferably 120 ° or more.
- the EL layer 141A has an organic compound. Further, as the organic compound, as shown in FIG. 2A, as an example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer and the like can be provided.
- the EL layer 141A may include an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like in addition to the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the like.
- the laminated body of FIG. 6A may be heat-treated under vacuum.
- the term “under vacuum described in the present specification and the like” is, for example, preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3 Pa or less, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 -5 Pa or less, and even more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 -5 Pa or less. It shall be 1.0 ⁇ 10 -7 Pa or less.
- Step A7 has a step in which the resin 131_1 and the resin 132_1 are removed from the laminate shown in FIG. 6B (see FIG. 6C).
- cleaning can be mentioned.
- the liquid used for the cleaning it is preferable to use a liquid that solubilizes the resin 131_1.
- the resin 131_1 is soluble in water
- water may be used as the liquid used for cleaning
- alcohol may be used as the liquid used for cleaning.
- the EL layer 141A has a relatively high resistance to water, alcohol and the like, damage to the EL layer 141A can be reduced by using water, alcohol and the like in the removing method.
- the EL layer 141A formed on the upper part of the resin 131_1, the resin 132_1 and the EL layer 141A formed on the resin 132_1 can be removed. Further, this makes it possible to form the EL layer 141a on the bottom surface (on the conductor 121a) of the first opening of the insulator 112 and a part of the insulator 112.
- Step A8 has a step of applying the resin 131_2 on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 6C, that is, on the insulator 112, the conductor 121b, the conductor 121c, and the EL layer 141a. After the resin 131_2 is applied, the resin 131_2 is cured according to the curing conditions of the resin 131_2 (see FIG. 6D).
- the resin 131_2 for example, it is preferable to use a resin that does not melt the EL layer 141a.
- the resin 131_2 is preferably a resin that does not contain an organic solvent that melts the EL layer 141a.
- the resin 131_2 has the same properties as the resin 131_1 in addition to the above-mentioned properties.
- the resin 131_2 is preferably a resin that is soluble in water, alcohol, or the like, and is preferably a thermosetting resin or a resin that has properties such as photocurability.
- the resin 131_1 is a resin that does not melt the EL layer 141a, the same resin as the resin 131_1 may be used as the resin 131_1.
- the resin 131_2 for example, it is preferable to use a material that does not melt with the resin 132_2 applied in a later step, or a material that does not easily melt.
- the film thickness of the resin 131_2 will be described later.
- step A9 the resin 132_2 is applied to the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 6D (see FIG. 6E). Further, as the resin 132_1, for example, it is preferable to use a negative type photoresist as in the case of the resin 132_1. Alternatively, in some cases, the resin 132_2 may be a positive photoresist.
- the film thickness of the resin 132_2 is preferably thicker than that of the resin 131_2, for example. Specifically, for example, when the film thickness of the resin 131_2 is 1 ⁇ m, it is preferable that the film thickness of the resin 132_2 is 2 ⁇ m. Alternatively, for example, when the film thickness of the resin 131_2 is 0.5 ⁇ m, the film thickness of the resin 132_2 is preferably 1 ⁇ m.
- step A10 Similar to step A4, step A10 has a step in which an exposure step and a developing step are performed on the resin 132_2 shown in FIG. 6E. Therefore, for the explanation of step A10, the description of step A4 is taken into consideration.
- the side surface of the opening of the resin 132_1 can be reverse-tapered in the same manner as the resin 132_1 of FIG. 5D.
- step A11 Similar to step A5, step A11 has a step in which an opening is formed with respect to the resin 132_1 shown in FIG. 7A. Therefore, for the explanation of step A11, the description of step A5 is taken into consideration.
- an opening can be provided in the resin 131_2 in the same manner as the resin 131_1 in FIG. 6A.
- Step A12 has a step in which the EL layer 141B is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 7B, that is, on the conductor 121b, the insulator 112, the resin 131_2, and the resin 132_2 (see FIG. 7C). ..
- the EL layer 141B has regions on the conductor 121b, the insulator 112, and the resin 131_2, and the resin 132_2, as in step A6.
- the film is formed so as to be divided into the upper region.
- the EL layer 141B has an organic compound. Further, as the organic compound, as shown in FIG. 2A, as an example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer and the like can be provided.
- the EL layer 141B may include an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like in addition to the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the like.
- the color exhibited by the light emitting layer of the EL layer 141B is preferably a color different from the color exhibited by the light emitting layer of the EL layer 141A.
- the laminated body of FIG. 7B may be heat-treated under vacuum.
- the heat treatment can be the same as the heat treatment described in step A6.
- step A13 Similar to step A7, step A13 has a step in which the resin 131_2 and the resin 132_2 are removed from the laminate shown in FIG. 7C (see FIG. 7D). Therefore, for the explanation of step A13, the description of step A7 is taken into consideration.
- the EL layer 141B formed on the upper part of the resin 131_2, the resin 132_2, and the EL layer 141B formed on the resin 132_2 can be removed. Further, this makes it possible to form the EL layer 141b on the conductor 121b and a part of the insulator 112.
- Step A14 has a step in which the same manufacturing process as in steps A2 to A7 or steps A8 to A13 is performed to form an EL layer 141c on the conductor 121c and a part of the insulator 112. (See FIG. 7E).
- the EL layer 141c has, for example, an organic compound. Further, as the organic compound, as shown in FIG. 2A, as an example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer and the like can be provided.
- the EL layer 141c may include an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and the like in addition to the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, and the like.
- the color exhibited by the light emitting layer of the EL layer 141c is preferably a color different from the color exhibited by the light emitting layer of the EL layer 141A and the EL layer 141B.
- the laminate of FIG. 7E may be heat-treated under vacuum.
- the heat treatment can be the same as the heat treatment described in step A6.
- Step A15 has a step in which the EL layer 142 is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 7E, that is, on the insulator 112, the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c (FIG. 8A). reference).
- the EL layer 142 corresponds to, for example, the layer 4420 in the light emitting device 150 of FIG. 2A, and can be a layer containing an organic compound. That is, the EL layer 142 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having a high electron injectability (electron injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property (electron transport layer).
- the EL layer 142 can have, for example, a layer containing a substance having a high electron injectability (electron injection layer) and a layer containing a substance having a high electron transport property (electron transport layer).
- Step A16 has a step in which the conductor 122 is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 8A (see FIG. 8B).
- the conductor 122 functions as a cathode of the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c included in the display device 100. That is, when the conductor 122 functions as the cathode of the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c, the conductor 122 functions as a common electrode.
- the conductor 122 is preferably a material having high conductivity, translucency and light reflectivity (sometimes called a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective electrode).
- a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective electrode sometimes called a semi-transmissive / semi-reflective electrode.
- an alloy of silver and magnesium, indium tin oxide can be applied.
- the thickness of the conductor 122 is preferably 20 nm, preferably 15 nm, with the volume ratio of silver and magnesium being 1: 0.1. Is more preferable.
- a conductor, an insulator, or the like may be provided on the upper part of the conductor 122.
- a conductor, an insulator, or the like may be provided on the upper part of the conductor 122.
- indium tin oxide, indium-gallium-zinc oxide, or the like can be applied as the conductor provided on the upper part of the conductor 122.
- Step A17 has a step in which the insulator 113 is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 8B (see FIG. 8C).
- the insulator 113 functions as a passivation film (sometimes referred to as a protective layer) that protects the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c of the display device 100. Therefore, the insulator 113 is preferably a material that prevents the ingress of water and the like. As the insulator 113, for example, a material applicable to the insulator 111 can be used. Specifically, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, silicon nitride and the like can be used.
- the insulator 113 that functions as a protective layer may have, for example, a single-layer structure or a laminated structure including at least an inorganic insulating film.
- the inorganic insulating film include oxide films such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, and hafnium oxide, or nitride films, in addition to the above-mentioned aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon nitride.
- a semiconductor material such as indium gallium oxide or indium gallium zinc oxide may be used as the insulator 113.
- the insulator 113 may be formed by using one or a plurality of methods selected from an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method, a sputtering method, and the like.
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- sputtering method a sputtering method, and the like.
- the configuration including the inorganic insulating film is exemplified as the insulator 113, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulator 113 may have a laminated structure of an inorganic insulating film and an organic insulating film.
- Step A18 has a step in which the resin layer 161 is applied to the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 8C. Further, step A18 has a step in which the substrate 102 is bonded onto the resin layer 161 of the laminated body (see FIG. 8D).
- the resin layer 161 for example, it is preferable to use a translucent resin.
- the resin layer 161 may be an organic material such as a reaction-curable adhesive, a photo-curable adhesive, a thermosetting adhesive and / or an anaerobic adhesive, in addition to the above-mentioned translucency.
- the resin layer 161 is provided with an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, a phenol resin, a polyimide resin, an imide resin, a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, a PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, and an EVA (ethylene vinyl).
- An adhesive containing an acetate) resin or the like can be used.
- the substrate 102 for example, among the substrates applicable to the substrate 101, a substrate having translucency is applied.
- a translucent substrate for the substrate 102 the light emitted by the light emitting device 150a, the light emitting device 150b, and the light emitting device 150c can be emitted above the substrate 102.
- the display device according to one aspect of the present invention and the method for manufacturing the display device are not limited to the above contents.
- the configuration of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention and the method for manufacturing the display device may be changed depending on the situation.
- the number of colors emitted by the light emitting device 150 may be two.
- the second opening formed in steps A4 and A5 the third. If the opening is formed not only in the region superimposed on the conductor 121a but also in the region superimposed on the conductor 121c, and the EL layer 141A is formed on the conductor 121a and the conductor 121c in step A6, the EL layer 141A is formed. good. After that, step A14 may be omitted, and steps A7 to A13 and steps A15 to A18 may be performed.
- the number of colors emitted by the light emitting device 150 may be four or more.
- the step is performed with respect to the conductor 121 in which the EL layer 141 is not formed on the upper surface. The same process as A14 may be performed.
- the insulator 112 may have a multilayer structure in which the first layer is an insulator made of an organic material and the second layer is an insulator made of an inorganic material. good.
- the insulator 112a is an insulator made of an organic material
- the insulator 112b is an insulator made of an inorganic material
- the insulator 112a and the insulator 112 including the insulator 112b are shown as a multilayer structure.
- a cross-sectional view of a part of the device 100 is shown.
- the organic material for example, polyimide or the like can be used, and as the inorganic material, a material applicable to the insulator 112 provided in the display device 100 of FIG. 1, the insulator 112 shown in FIG. 8D, or the like is used. be able to.
- the insulator 113 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers instead of one layer.
- the insulator 113a is an insulator made of an inorganic material
- the insulator 113b is an insulator made of an organic material
- the insulator 113c is an insulator made of an inorganic material, the insulator 113a, the insulator 113b, and the insulator 113c.
- a cross-sectional view of a part of the display device 100 in which the insulator 113 including the above is formed into a multi-layer structure is shown.
- an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer may be included in each of the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c. That is, in the display device 100, when the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c each include an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer, the EL layer 142 may not be provided. In other words, step A15 may be omitted.
- FIG. 9C shows a cross-sectional view of a part of the display device 100 when the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c each include an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer.
- a microcavity structure may be provided in each of the EL layer 141a to the EL layer 141c.
- the microcavity structure uses, for example, a conductive material having translucency and light reflectivity as the conductor 122 which is an upper electrode (common electrode), and has light reflectivity as a conductor 121 which is a lower electrode (pixel electrode).
- the conductive material the distance between the lower surface of the light emitting layer and the upper surface of the lower electrode, that is, the film thickness of the layer 4430 in FIG. 2A was determined according to the wavelength of the color of the light emitted by the light emitting layer included in the EL layer 141. Refers to the structure to be thickened.
- the light reflected and returned by the lower electrode causes a large interference with the light directly incident on the upper electrode from the light emitting layer (incident light), so that the optical distance between the lower electrode and the light emitting layer is (). 2n-1) It is preferable to adjust to ⁇ / 4 (where n is a natural number of 1 or more and ⁇ is the wavelength of light emission to be amplified). By adjusting the optical distance, it is possible to match the phases of the reflected light of the wavelength ⁇ with the incident light and further amplify the light emission from the light emitting layer. On the other hand, when the reflected light and the incident light have a wavelength other than the wavelength ⁇ , the phases do not match, and the light is attenuated without resonating.
- the EL layer may have a structure having a plurality of light emitting layers or a structure having a single light emitting layer. Further, for example, in combination with the configuration of the tandem type light emitting device described above, a plurality of EL layers are provided on one light emitting device with a charge generation layer interposed therebetween, and a single or a plurality of light emitting layers are formed on each EL layer. May be applied to.
- microcavity structure By having a microcavity structure, it is possible to increase the emission intensity in the front direction of a specific wavelength, so that it is possible to reduce power consumption.
- the light in the front direction of the light emitting device is often incident on the eyes of the user wearing the device, so that the display device of the device for XR is used. It can be said that it is preferable to provide a microcavity structure.
- a display device that displays an image with sub-pixels of four colors of red, yellow, green, and blue, it is possible to apply a microcavity structure that matches the wavelength of each color to all sub-pixels in addition to the effect of improving brightness by emitting yellow light. It can be a display device with good characteristics.
- FIG. 10A shows, as an example, a cross-sectional view of a part of the display device 100 when the microcavity structure is provided.
- the light emitting device 150a has a light emitting layer exhibiting blue (B) emission
- the light emitting device 150b has a light emitting layer exhibiting green (G) emission
- the light emitting device 150c exhibits red (R) emission.
- B blue
- G green
- R red
- the film thickness of the layer 4430 contained in each of the EL layer 141a, the EL layer 141b, and the EL layer 141c may be determined according to the color of the light emitted by each light emitting layer. In this case, the layer 4430 contained in the EL layer 141a becomes the thinnest, and the layer 4430 contained in the EL layer 141c becomes the thickest.
- the configuration of the display device 100 may include a colored layer (color filter) or the like.
- FIG. 10B shows, as an example, a configuration in which a colored layer 162a, a colored layer 162b, and a colored layer 162c are included between the resin layer 161 and the substrate 102.
- the colored layer 162a to the colored layer 162c can be formed on the substrate 102, for example.
- the light emitting device 150a has a light emitting layer exhibiting blue (B) emission
- the light emitting device 150b has a light emitting layer exhibiting green (G) emission
- the light emitting device 150c exhibits red (R) emission.
- the colored layer 162a is blue
- the colored layer 162b is green
- the colored layer 162c is red.
- the substrate 102 provided with the colored layer 162a to the colored layer 162c is attached to the substrate 101 formed from the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c via the resin layer 161. Can be configured. At this time, it is preferable that the light emitting device 150a and the colored layer 162a are overlapped with each other, the light emitting device 150b and the colored layer 162b are overlapped with each other, and the light emitting device 150c and the colored layer 162c are overlapped with each other.
- the light emitted by the light emitting device 150b is not emitted above the substrate 102 via the colored layer 162a or the colored layer 162c, and the colored layer is not emitted. It is ejected above the substrate 102 via 162b. That is, since it is possible to block the light in the oblique direction (the direction of the elevation angle when the upper surface of the substrate 102 is a horizontal plane) from the light emitting device 150 of the display device 100, the dependence on the viewing angle of the display device 100 is reduced. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration of the display quality of the image when the image displayed on the display device 100 is viewed from an angle.
- the colored layer 162a to the colored layer 162c formed on the substrate 102 may be covered with a resin or the like called an overcoat layer.
- the display device 100 may be laminated in the order of the resin layer 161, the overcoat layer, the colored layer 162a to the colored layer 162c, and the substrate 102 (not shown).
- the resin used for the overcoat layer include a thermosetting material having translucency and based on an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin.
- the configuration of the display device 100 may include a black matrix in addition to the colored layer.
- FIG. 10C shows a configuration example in which the black matrix 163 is provided in the display device 100 of FIG. 10B.
- the black matrix 163 By providing the black matrix 163, it is possible to further block the light in the oblique direction (the direction of the elevation angle when the upper surface of the substrate 102 is a horizontal plane) from the light emitting device 150 of the display device 100, so that the light is displayed on the display device 100. It is possible to further prevent deterioration of the display quality of the image when the image is viewed from an angle.
- the light emitting device 150a to the light emitting device 150c included in the display device may be any light emitting device exhibiting white light (not shown). .. Further, the light emitting device may have, for example, a single structure or a tandem structure.
- the display device 100 may be configured without the insulator 112 formed on the conductors 121a to 121c.
- 11A shows a configuration example in which the insulator 112 is not provided in the display devices of FIGS. 1 and 8D.
- the conductors 121a to 121c may be embedded in the insulator 111.
- FIG. 11B shows a configuration example of a display device in which the conductors 121a to 121c are embedded in the insulator 111.
- an opening for embedding the conductor 121a to 121c is formed in the insulator 111, and then a conductive film to be the conductor 121a to 121c is formed, and then a conductive film is formed.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- the conductors 121a to 121c are used as the anode and the conductor 122 is used as the cathode, but the display device 100 uses the conductors 121a to 121c as the cathode and the conductor 122. May be used as an anode. That is, in the manufacturing process described above, the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection layer contained in the EL layers 141a to 141c and the EL layer 142 are laminated. The order may be reversed.
- Insulators, conductors, semiconductors and the like disclosed in the present specification and the like can be formed by a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) method or a CVD method.
- PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- CVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- examples of the PVD method include a sputtering method, a resistance heating vapor deposition method, an electron beam vapor deposition method, and a PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition) method.
- examples of the CVD method include formation using a plasma CVD method and a thermal CVD method.
- examples of the thermal CVD method include a MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition) method and an ALD method.
- the thermal CVD method is a film forming method that does not use plasma, it has the advantage that defects are not generated due to plasma damage.
- the raw material gas and the oxidizing agent may be sent into the chamber at the same time, the inside of the chamber is placed under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure, reacted near the substrate or on the substrate, and deposited on the substrate to form a film. ..
- the inside of the chamber may be under atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure
- the raw material gas for the reaction is sequentially introduced into the chamber
- the film formation may be performed by repeating the order of gas introduction.
- each switching valve also called a high-speed valve
- the first raw material gas is not used at the same time or thereafter so that the multiple types of raw material gas are not mixed.
- An active gas argon, nitrogen, etc. or the like is introduced, and a second raw material gas is introduced.
- the inert gas becomes a carrier gas, and the inert gas may be introduced at the same time when the second raw material gas is introduced.
- the first raw material gas may be discharged by vacuum exhaust, and then the second raw material gas may be introduced.
- the first raw material gas is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate to form a first thin layer, and reacts with the second raw material gas introduced later, so that the second thin layer is on the first thin layer.
- a thin film is formed by being laminated on.
- the thermal CVD method such as the MOCVD method and the ALD method can form various films such as the metal film, the semiconductor film, and the inorganic insulating film disclosed in the embodiments described so far, and for example, In-Ga-Zn.
- the thermal CVD method such as the MOCVD method and the ALD method can form various films such as the metal film, the semiconductor film, and the inorganic insulating film disclosed in the embodiments described so far, and for example, In-Ga-Zn.
- dimethylzinc (Zn (CH 3 ) 2 ) are used.
- triethylgallium Ga (C 2 H 5 ) 3
- diethylzinc Zn (C 2 H 5 ) 2
- dimethylzinc can also be used.
- hafnium oxide film is formed by a film forming apparatus using ALD
- a liquid containing a solvent and a hafnium precursor compound hafnium alkoxide, tetrakisdimethylamide hafnium (TDMAH, Hf [N (CH 3 ) 2 ] 2] 4
- hafnium amides vaporized raw material gas and ozone ( O3) as an oxidizing agent.
- hafnium precursor compound hafnium alkoxide, tetrakisdimethylamide hafnium (TDMAH, Hf [N (CH 3 ) 2 ] 2] 4
- hafnium amides vaporized raw material gas and ozone ( O3) as an oxidizing agent.
- Other materials include tetrakis (ethylmethylamide) hafnium and the like.
- a raw material gas obtained by vaporizing a liquid containing a solvent and an aluminum precursor compound (trimethylaluminum (TMA, Al (CH 3 ) 3 ), etc.).
- TMA trimethylaluminum
- H2O trimethylaluminum
- Other materials include tris (dimethylamide) aluminum, triisobutylaluminum, aluminum tris (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptane dinate) and the like.
- hexachlorodisilane is adsorbed on the surface to be deposited, and radicals of an oxidizing gas ( O2 , dinitrogen monoxide) are supplied and adsorbed. React with things.
- tungsten film when a tungsten film is formed by a film forming apparatus using ALD, WF 6 gas and B 2 H 6 gas are sequentially and repeatedly introduced to form an initial tungsten film, and then WF 6 gas and H 2 are formed. The gas is sequentially and repeatedly introduced to form a tungsten film.
- SiH 4 gas may be used instead of B 2 H 6 gas.
- an In-Ga-Zn-O film is formed as an oxide semiconductor film by a film forming apparatus using ALD
- a precursor generally, it may be called a precursor, a metal precursor, or the like
- an oxidizing agent generally, it may be called a reactant, a reactor, a non-metal precursor, etc.
- an In (CH 3 ) 3 gas which is a precursor and an O 3 gas which is an oxidizing agent are introduced to form an In—O layer, and then a Ga (CH 3 ) 3 gas which is a precursor is introduced.
- An O3 gas as an oxidizing agent is introduced to form a GaO layer, and then a Zn (CH 3) 2 gas as a precursor and an O3 gas as an oxidizing agent are introduced to form a ZnO layer.
- these gases may be used to form a mixed oxide layer such as an In—Ga—O layer, an In—Zn—O layer, and a Ga—Zn—O layer.
- the H 2 O gas obtained by bubbling water with an inert gas such as Ar may be used instead of the O 3 gas, but it is preferable to use the O 3 gas containing no H.
- In (C 2 H 5 ) 3 gas may be used instead of In (CH 3 ) 3 gas.
- Ga (C 2 H 5 ) 3 gas may be used instead of Ga (CH 3 ) 3 gas.
- Zn (CH 3 ) 2 gas may be used.
- FIGS. 12A to 13D are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a display device according to an aspect of the present invention.
- the production method will be described as having steps B1 to B8 as an example. Further, in the manufacturing method, the description thereof will be omitted where the contents overlap with the manufacturing method of the display device 100 shown in FIGS. 5A to 8D described above.
- step B1 In step B1, as shown in FIG. 12A, the insulator 111, the conductors 121a to 121c provided on the insulator 111, and the insulation provided on the insulator 111 and the conductors 121a to 121c.
- a laminated body in which the body 112 and the body 112 are formed is prepared.
- the laminate shown in FIG. 12A is different from the laminate shown in FIG. 5A in that the insulator 112 has an opening KKB formed in a region that does not overlap with the conductors 121a to 121c of the insulator 112. ing.
- a transistor, wiring, an interlayer film, and the like are provided below the insulator 111, as in the production examples of FIGS. 5A to 8D (FIGS. 12A to 13D). Is not shown).
- the opening KKB can be formed at the same time as, for example, when the first opening is formed in the insulating film to be the insulator 112. Further, when it is desired to adjust the taper angle of the opening KKB, particularly when it is desired to make the taper angle different from the taper angle of the first opening, the formation of the first opening and the opening KKB on the insulating film to be the insulator 112 can be performed. The patterning step, the etching step, and the like may be performed in two stages. Further, in this case, when the opening KKB is formed in the insulating film to be the insulator 112, it can be made larger than the taper angle of the first opening by performing the anisotropic etching treatment. As an example, the taper angle of the opening KKB is preferably 60 ° or more, and more preferably 80 ° or more. Further, the taper angle of the opening KKB may be 90 ° or more.
- step B1 includes a step in which the conductor 121a to 121c is formed on the insulator 111, a step on the insulator 111, a conductor 121a, a conductor 121b, and a conductor 121c. It has a step of forming an insulating film on the surface of the insulating film, and a step of forming an opening in a region of the insulating film overlapping the conductor 121a, the conductor 121b, and the conductor 121c. Further, step B1 has a step in which the opening KKB is formed.
- step B2 the same steps as in step A2 of FIG. 5B and step A3 of FIG. 5C are performed. That is, the resin 131_1 and the resin 132_1 are sequentially formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 12A, that is, on the insulator 111, the insulator 112, and the conductors 121a to 121c (FIG. 12A). See 12B).
- step B3 the same steps as in step A4 of FIG. 5D and step A5 of FIG. 6A are performed. That is, in the laminate shown in FIG. 12B, the second opening is formed in the resin 132_1 and the third opening is formed in the resin 131_1 (see FIG. 12C).
- step B3 an exposure step and a developing step are performed on the laminate shown in FIG. 12B (corresponding to step A4 in FIG. 5D).
- the exposure range for the resin 132_1 in the exposure step is, for example, a region of the resin 132_1 that does not overlap the conductor 121a and the opening KKB around the conductor 121a.
- the range includes.
- the second opening reaching the resin 131_1 can be formed in the region (the region not exposed) superimposed on the conductor 121a of the resin 132_1.
- the side surface of the second opening of the resin 132_1 has a reverse taper structure like the resin 132_1 of the laminated body of FIG. 5D.
- the resin 132_1 when the resin 132_1 is dissolved in the chemical solution such as the developing solution used in the above-mentioned developing step, the resin 131_1 and the resin 131_1 are formed in the formation of the laminated body shown in FIG. 12B in the same manner as the laminated body shown in FIG. 5E.
- a protective layer having resistance to the chemical solution may be provided between the resin 132_2 and the resin 132_2.
- step B3 after the second opening is formed, the region including the bottom surface of the second opening is subjected to etching treatment, ashing treatment, and the like to obtain the insulator 112 and the conductor 121a with respect to the resin 131_1. It has a step in which a step of forming a third opening for exposure is performed (corresponding to step A5 in FIG. 6A).
- the third opening of the resin 131_1 is formed so as to include the side surface of the third opening of the resin 131_1 inside the opening KKB.
- the side surface of the third opening of the resin 131_1 is preferably located on the insulator 111 which is the bottom surface of the opening KKB.
- the side surface of the third opening of the resin 131_1 may be located, for example, on the side surface of the opening KKB, that is, in a region including the side surface of the insulator 112.
- the side surface of the third opening of the resin 131_1 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 12D, the resin 131_1 is not located on the insulator 111 which is the bottom surface of the opening KKB, and is on the side surface of the opening KKB and the insulator. It may be located at or near the boundary of the upper surface of 112.
- step B4 the same process as in step A6 of FIG. 6B is performed. That is, the EL layer 141A is formed on the upper part of the laminate shown in FIG. 12C, that is, on the insulator 111, the conductor 121a, the insulator 112, the resin 131_1, and the resin 132_1 (see FIG. 12E). ..
- the EL layer 141A is not formed on all the ends of the second opening of the resin 132_1. That is, the film-formed EL layer 141A has a structure that is divided into a region on the conductor 121a, an insulator 112, a region on the resin 131_1, and a region on the resin 132_1 by the second opening of the resin 132_1. Will be.
- the display device 100 shown in FIG. 12C has an opening KKB formed in the insulator 112
- the EL layer 141A is formed at the end portion and the bottom surface of the opening KKB.
- the steeper the side surface of the opening KKB the easier it is to remove the EL layer 141A on the resin 131_1 in the later step B5.
- step B1 by forming the taper angle of the opening KKB to, for example, 90 ° or more, the EL layer 141A is divided into a region on the insulator 112 and a region on the resin 131_1 in this step. May be possible.
- step B5 the same process as in step A7 of FIG. 6C is performed. That is, in the laminate shown in FIG. 12E, the resin 131_1 and the resin 132_1 are removed (see FIG. 13A).
- the EL layer 141a is formed on a part of the insulator 112 and on the conductor 121a. At this time, depending on the case, the EL layer 141a may also be formed on the insulator 111.
- Step B6 the same steps as in steps A8 to A14 are performed.
- the EL layer 141b is formed on a part of the insulator 112 and on the conductor 121b.
- the EL layer 141b may also be formed on the insulator 111.
- the EL layer 141c is formed on a part of the insulator 112 and on the conductor 121c (see FIG. 13B). At this time, depending on the case, the EL layer 141c may also be formed on the insulator 111.
- step B7 the same steps as in steps A15 to A17 are performed. That is, in the laminate shown in FIG. 13B, the EL layer 142, the conductor 122, and the insulator 113 are formed in this order (see FIG. 13C).
- step B8 the same process as in step A18 is performed. That is, in the laminate shown in FIG. 13C, the substrate 102 is bonded to each other via the resin layer 161 (see FIG. 13D).
- the display device according to one aspect of the present invention can be manufactured by performing the manufacturing methods of steps B1 to B8. Further, as described above, by providing the opening KKB in the insulator 112, the EL layer 141a can be easily divided in the removal of the resin 131_1 and the resin 132_1, so that the yield in the production of the display device can be increased. Can be done.
- the display device according to one aspect of the present invention or the method for manufacturing the display device is not limited to the above-described configuration.
- the display device according to one aspect of the present invention may be configured by combining the display device manufactured in steps B1 to B8 with the configuration of the display device shown in FIGS. 9A to 10C and the like.
- the manufacturing method of the display device according to one aspect of the present invention may be a manufacturing method in which the manufacturing method of steps B1 to B8 is combined with the steps for constructing the display device of FIGS. 9A to 10C. ..
- the depth of the opening KKB formed in the insulator 112 is set to such that it reaches the insulator 111, but as shown in FIG. 14A, the depth of the opening KKB. May be deep enough not to reach the insulator 111.
- the depth of the opening KKB may be such that it penetrates the insulator 112 and reaches the inside of the insulator 111.
- the pitch width between pixels can be narrowed.
- a large number of pixels can be provided with a predetermined size, so that the resolution of the display device can be increased.
- the pitch width it is possible to realize a display device having a higher aperture ratio as compared with the case where a shadow mask such as a metal mask is used.
- the organic EL material is patterned and formed by a mask formed of a sacrificial layer and a resist instead of photolithography, it is organic due to a chemical solution used in photolithography. It is possible to eliminate damage to the EL material. As a result, the life of the organic EL material can be extended, and the reliability of the light emitting device can be increased.
- the display device manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method has a configuration in which the light emitting layers do not touch each other in the adjacent light emitting devices, a current flows through the two adjacent EL layers 141, and unintended light emission occurs. It can be suitably prevented from occurring (also referred to as crosstalk). Therefore, the contrast can be enhanced, and a display device with high display quality can be realized. Further, since the display device manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method has an SBS structure, the power consumption due to the operation of the display device can be suppressed to a low level.
- the screen ratio (aspect ratio) of the display unit of the display device is not particularly limited.
- the display device can support various screen ratios such as 1: 1 (square), 4: 3, 16: 9, and 16:10.
- 15A and 15B are examples of configuration examples of OS transistors that can be provided in the display device of the above embodiment.
- 15A is a cross-sectional view of the OS transistor in the channel length direction
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view of the OS transistor in the channel width direction.
- the transistor 500 which is an OS transistor, is provided on the insulator 512 as an example.
- the insulator 512 it is preferable to use a substance having a barrier property against oxygen and hydrogen.
- the insulator 512 for example, silicon oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum nitride or the like may be used.
- the insulator 512 may have a function as a flattening film for flattening a step generated by a circuit element, wiring, etc. provided below the insulator 512.
- the upper surface of the insulator 512 may be flattened by a flattening treatment using a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) method or the like in order to improve the flatness.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- an insulator 514 and an insulator 516 are formed on the insulator 512.
- the insulator 514 is a film having a barrier property so that hydrogen and impurities do not diffuse from the region where the circuit element or the like below the insulator 512 is provided to the region where the transistor 500 is provided. It is preferable to use. Therefore, for the insulator 514, for example, silicon nitride formed by the CVD method can be used.
- Silicon nitride formed by the CVD method can be used as an example of a film having a barrier property against hydrogen.
- the characteristics of the OS transistor may deteriorate due to the diffusion of hydrogen into the circuit element provided above the insulator 514, that is, the transistor 500 which is an OS transistor. Therefore, it is preferable to use a film that suppresses the diffusion of hydrogen between the OS transistor and the substrate 101 or the circuit element formed above the substrate 101.
- the membrane that suppresses the diffusion of hydrogen is a membrane that desorbs a small amount of hydrogen.
- the amount of hydrogen desorbed can be analyzed using, for example, a heated desorption gas analysis method (TDS).
- TDS heated desorption gas analysis method
- the amount of hydrogen desorbed from the insulator 514 is the amount desorbed in terms of hydrogen atoms in the range of 50 ° C. to 500 ° C. in the surface temperature of the film in TDS analysis, which is converted into the area of the insulator 514. It may be 10 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 2 or less, preferably 5 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 2 or less.
- the same material as the insulator 512 can be used.
- the transistor 500 has an insulator 516 on the insulator 514 and a conductor 503 (conductor 503a, and conductivity) arranged to be embedded in the insulator 514 or the insulator 516.
- Body 503b insulator 522 on insulator 516, and insulator 503, insulator 524 on insulator 522, oxide 530a on insulator 524, and oxide 530b on oxide 530a.
- the insulator 552 includes the upper surface of the insulator 522, the side surface of the insulator 524, the side surface of the oxide 530a, the side surface and the upper surface of the oxide 530b, and the side surface of the conductor 542.
- the side surface of the insulator 571 (the insulator 571a and the insulator 571b are collectively referred to as the insulator 571), the side surface of the insulator 544, the side surface of the insulator 580, and the lower surface of the insulator 550.
- the upper surface of the conductor 560 is arranged so as to substantially coincide in height with the upper part of the insulator 554, the upper part of the insulator 550, the upper part of the insulator 552, and the upper surface of the insulator 580.
- the insulator 574 is in contact with at least a part of the upper surface of the conductor 560, the upper part of the insulator 552, the upper part of the insulator 550, the upper part of the insulator 554, and the upper surface of the insulator 580.
- the insulator 580 and the insulator 544 are provided with an opening reaching the oxide 530b.
- Insulator 552, insulator 550, insulator 554, and conductor 560 are arranged in the opening. Further, in the channel length direction of the transistor 500, the conductor 560, the insulator 552, the insulator 550, and the insulator 554 are placed between the insulator 571a and the conductor 542a and the insulator 571b and the conductor 542b. It is provided.
- the insulator 554 has a region in contact with the side surface of the conductor 560 and a region in contact with the bottom surface of the conductor 560.
- the oxide 530 preferably has an oxide 530a arranged on the insulator 524 and an oxide 530b arranged on the oxide 530a.
- the oxide 530a By having the oxide 530a under the oxide 530b, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of impurities from the structure formed below the oxide 530a to the oxide 530b.
- the transistor 500 shows a configuration in which the oxide 530 is laminated with two layers of the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the transistor 500 can be configured to have a single layer of oxide 530b or a laminated structure of three or more layers.
- each of the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b may have a laminated structure.
- the conductor 560 functions as a first gate (also referred to as a top gate) electrode, and the conductor 503 functions as a second gate (also referred to as a back gate) electrode.
- the insulator 552, the insulator 550, and the insulator 554 function as the first gate insulator, and the insulator 522 and the insulator 524 function as the second gate insulator.
- the gate insulator may be referred to as a gate insulating layer or a gate insulating film.
- the conductor 542a functions as one of the source or the drain, and the conductor 542b functions as the other of the source or the drain. Further, at least a part of the region overlapping with the conductor 560 of the oxide 530 functions as a channel forming region.
- FIG. 16A an enlarged view of the vicinity of the channel formation region in FIG. 15A is shown in FIG. 16A.
- the oxide 530b is provided with a region 530 bc that functions as a channel forming region of the transistor 500, and a region 530 ba and a region 530 bb that are provided so as to sandwich the region 530 bc and function as a source region or a drain region.
- Have At least a part of the region 530bc overlaps with the conductor 560.
- the region 530bc is provided in the region between the conductor 542a and the conductor 542b.
- the region 530ba is provided so as to be superimposed on the conductor 542a
- the region 530bb is provided so as to be superimposed on the conductor 542b.
- the region 530bc that functions as a channel forming region has more oxygen deficiency than the regions 530ba and 530bb (in the present specification and the like, the oxygen deficiency in the metal oxide may be referred to as VO (oxygen vacancy)). It is a high resistance region with a low carrier concentration because it is low or the impurity concentration is low. Therefore, it can be said that the region 530bc is i-type (intrinsic) or substantially i-type.
- Transistors using metal oxides are likely to fluctuate in electrical characteristics and may be unreliable if impurities or oxygen deficiencies (VOs) are present in the regions where channels are formed in the metal oxides. Further, hydrogen in the vicinity of oxygen deficiency (VO) forms a defect in which hydrogen is contained in oxygen deficiency (VO) (hereinafter, may be referred to as VOH ) to generate electrons as carriers. In some cases. Therefore, if oxygen deficiency is contained in the region where the channel is formed in the oxide semiconductor, the transistor has normal-on characteristics (the channel exists even if no voltage is applied to the gate electrode, and the current is applied to the transistor. Flowing characteristics). Therefore, it is preferable that impurities, oxygen deficiency, and VOH are reduced as much as possible in the region where channels are formed in the oxide semiconductor.
- the region 530ba and the region 530bab that function as a source region or a drain region have a large amount of oxygen deficiency (VO) or a high concentration of impurities such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and metal elements, so that the carrier concentration increases and the resistance is low. It is an area that has become. That is, the region 530ba and the region 530bb are n-type regions having a high carrier concentration and low resistance as compared with the region 530bc.
- VO oxygen deficiency
- impurities such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and metal elements
- the carrier concentration of the region 530 bc that functions as a channel forming region is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm -3 or less, more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm -3 , and 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm. It is more preferably less than -3 , still more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm -3 , and even more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 12 cm -3 .
- the lower limit of the carrier concentration of the region 530 bc that functions as the channel forming region is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 -9 cm -3 .
- the carrier concentration is equal to or lower than the carrier concentration of the region 530ba and the region 530bb, and equal to or higher than the carrier concentration of the region 530bc.
- Regions may be formed. That is, the region functions as a junction region between the region 530 bc and the region 530 ba or the region 530 bb.
- the hydrogen concentration may be equal to or lower than the hydrogen concentration in the regions 530ba and 530bb, and may be equal to or higher than the hydrogen concentration in the region 530bc.
- the junction region may have an oxygen deficiency equal to or less than that of the regions 530ba and 530bb, and may be equal to or greater than that of the region 530bc.
- FIG. 16A shows an example in which the region 530ba, the region 530bb, and the region 530bc are formed on the oxide 530b, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- each of the above regions may be formed not only with the oxide 530b but also with the oxide 530a.
- the concentrations of the metal elements detected in each region and the impurity elements such as hydrogen and nitrogen are not limited to the stepwise changes in each region, but may be continuously changed in each region. That is, the closer the region is to the channel formation region, the lower the concentration of the metal element and the impurity elements such as hydrogen and nitrogen is sufficient.
- a metal oxide hereinafter, also referred to as an oxide semiconductor that functions as a semiconductor for the oxide 530 (oxide 530a and oxide 530b) containing a channel forming region.
- the metal oxide that functions as a semiconductor it is preferable to use a metal oxide having a band gap of 2 eV or more, preferably 2.5 eV or more. As described above, by using a metal oxide having a large bandgap, the off-current of the transistor can be reduced.
- an In-M-Zn oxide having indium, element M and zinc (element M is aluminum, gallium, yttrium, tin, copper, vanadium, beryllium, boron, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium).
- Zinc, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, magnesium, etc. (one or more) and the like may be used.
- an In-Ga oxide, an In-Zn oxide, or an indium oxide may be used as the oxide 530.
- the atomic number ratio of In to the element M in the metal oxide used for the oxide 530b is larger than the atomic number ratio of In to the element M in the metal oxide used for the oxide 530a.
- the oxide 530a under the oxide 530b By arranging the oxide 530a under the oxide 530b in this way, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of impurities and oxygen from the structure formed below the oxide 530a to the oxide 530b. ..
- the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b have a common element (main component) other than oxygen, the defect level density at the interface between the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b can be lowered. Since the defect level density at the interface between the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b can be lowered, the influence of the interfacial scattering on the carrier conduction is small, and a high on-current can be obtained.
- the oxide 530b preferably has crystallinity.
- CAAC-OS c-axis aligned crystalline semiconductor semiconductor
- CAAC-OS is a metal oxide having a highly crystalline and dense structure and having few impurities and defects (for example, oxygen deficiency (VO).
- the metal By heat-treating at a temperature such that the oxide does not polycrystallize (for example, 400 ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower), CAAC-OS can be made into a more crystalline and dense structure.
- the diffusion of impurities or oxygen in the CAAC-OS can be further reduced.
- the metal oxide having CAAC-OS has stable physical properties. Therefore, the metal oxide having CAAC-OS is resistant to heat and has high reliability.
- a transistor using an oxide semiconductor if impurities and oxygen deficiencies are present in the region where a channel is formed in the oxide semiconductor, the electrical characteristics are liable to fluctuate and the reliability may be deteriorated. Further, hydrogen in the vicinity of the oxygen deficiency may form a defect in which hydrogen is contained in the oxygen deficiency (hereinafter, may be referred to as VOH) to generate an electron as a carrier. Therefore, if oxygen deficiency is contained in the region where the channel is formed in the oxide semiconductor, the transistor has normal-on characteristics (the channel exists even if no voltage is applied to the gate electrode, and the current is applied to the transistor. Flowing characteristics).
- the region in which the channel is formed in the oxide semiconductor is preferably i-type (intrinsic) or substantially i-type with a reduced carrier concentration.
- excess oxygen an insulator containing oxygen desorbed by heating
- the oxide semiconductor is removed from the insulator.
- the on-current of the transistor 500 may decrease or the field effect mobility may decrease.
- the amount of oxygen supplied to the source region or the drain region varies in the surface of the substrate, so that the characteristics of the semiconductor device having the transistor vary.
- the region 530bc that functions as a channel forming region is preferably i-type or substantially i-type with a reduced carrier concentration, but the region 530ba that functions as a source region or a drain region and
- the region 530bb has a high carrier concentration and is preferably n-type. That is, it is preferable to reduce oxygen deficiency and VOH in the region 530 bc of the oxide semiconductor so that an excessive amount of oxygen is not supplied to the region 530 ba and the region 530 bb.
- microwave treatment is performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen to reduce oxygen deficiency and VOH in the region 530bc .
- the microwave processing refers to processing using, for example, a device having a power source for generating high-density plasma using microwaves.
- oxygen gas By performing microwave treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen, oxygen gas can be turned into plasma by using a high frequency such as microwave or RF, and the oxygen plasma can be allowed to act. At this time, it is also possible to irradiate the region 530bc with a high frequency such as microwave or RF.
- a high frequency such as microwave or RF.
- the VO H in the region 530 bc can be divided, the hydrogen H can be removed from the region 530 bc, and the oxygen deficient VO can be compensated with oxygen. That is, in the region 530 bc, the reaction “VO H ⁇ H + VO” occurs, and the hydrogen concentration in the region 530 bc can be reduced. Therefore, oxygen deficiency and VOH in the region 530bc can be reduced, and the carrier concentration can be lowered.
- the action of microwaves, high frequencies such as RF, oxygen plasma, etc. is shielded by the conductors 542a and 542b and does not reach the regions 530ba and 530bb. .. Further, the action of the oxygen plasma can be reduced by the insulator 571 and the insulator 580 provided overlying the oxide 530b and the conductor 542. As a result, during microwave treatment, the reduction of VOH and the supply of an excessive amount of oxygen do not occur in the regions 530ba and 530bab , so that the reduction of the carrier concentration can be prevented.
- microwave treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen after the film formation of the insulating film to be the insulator 552 or the film formation of the insulating film to be the insulator 550.
- microwave treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen through the insulator 552 or the insulator 550 in this way, oxygen can be efficiently injected into the region 530 bc.
- the insulator 552 so as to be in contact with the side surface of the conductor 542 and the surface of the region 530bc, the injection of more oxygen than necessary into the region 530bc is suppressed, and the oxidation of the side surface of the conductor 542 is suppressed. be able to. Further, it is possible to suppress the oxidation of the side surface of the conductor 542 when the insulating film to be the insulator 550 is formed.
- the oxygen injected into the region 530bc has various forms such as an oxygen atom, an oxygen molecule, and an oxygen radical (also called an O radical, an atom or molecule having an unpaired electron, or an ion).
- the oxygen injected into the region 530bc is preferably one or more of the above-mentioned forms, and is particularly preferable to be an oxygen radical. Further, since the film quality of the insulator 552 and the insulator 550 can be improved, the reliability of the transistor 500 is improved.
- oxygen deficiency and VOH can be selectively removed in the region 530bc of the oxide semiconductor to make the region 530bc i-type or substantially i-type. Further, it is possible to suppress the supply of excess oxygen to the region 530ba and the region 530bb that function as the source region or the drain region, and to maintain the state of the n-type region before the microwave treatment. As a result, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the electrical characteristics of the transistor 500 and reduce variations in the electrical characteristics of the transistor 500 within the substrate surface.
- a curved surface may be provided between the side surface of the oxide 530b and the upper surface of the oxide 530b in a cross-sectional view of the transistor 500 in the channel width direction. That is, the end portion of the side surface and the end portion of the upper surface may be curved (hereinafter, also referred to as a round shape).
- the radius of curvature on the curved surface is preferably larger than 0 nm, smaller than the film thickness of the oxide 530b in the region overlapping the conductor 542, or smaller than half the length of the region having no curved surface.
- the radius of curvature on the curved surface is larger than 0 nm and 20 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 15 nm or less, and more preferably 2 nm or more and 10 nm or less.
- the oxide 530 preferably has a laminated structure of a plurality of oxide layers having different chemical compositions.
- the atomic number ratio of the element M to the metal element as the main component is the ratio of the element M to the metal element as the main component in the metal oxide used for the oxide 530b. It is preferably larger than the atomic number ratio.
- the atomic number ratio of the element M to In is preferably larger than the atomic number ratio of the element M to In in the metal oxide used for the oxide 530b.
- the atomic number ratio of In to the element M is preferably larger than the atomic number ratio of In to the element M in the metal oxide used for the oxide 530a.
- the oxide 530b is preferably an oxide having crystallinity such as CAAC-OS.
- Crystalline oxides such as CAAC-OS have a dense structure with high crystallinity with few impurities and defects (oxygen deficiency, etc.). Therefore, it is possible to suppress the extraction of oxygen from the oxide 530b by the source electrode or the drain electrode. As a result, oxygen can be reduced from being extracted from the oxide 530b even if heat treatment is performed, so that the transistor 500 is stable against a high temperature (so-called thermal budget) in the manufacturing process.
- the lower end of the conduction band changes gently.
- the lower end of the conduction band at the junction between the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b is continuously changed or continuously bonded. In order to do so, it is preferable to reduce the defect level density of the mixed layer formed at the interface between the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b.
- the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b have a common element other than oxygen as a main component, so that a mixed layer having a low defect level density can be formed.
- the oxide 530b is an In-M-Zn oxide
- the oxide 530a is an In-M-Zn oxide, an M-Zn oxide, an element M oxide, an In-Zn oxide, or an indium oxide. Etc. may be used.
- a metal oxide having a composition in the vicinity thereof may be used.
- a metal oxide having a composition may be used.
- the composition in the vicinity includes a range of ⁇ 30% of the desired atomic number ratio. Further, it is preferable to use gallium as the element M.
- the above-mentioned atomic number ratio is not limited to the atomic number ratio of the formed metal oxide, but is the atomic number ratio of the sputtering target used for forming the metal oxide. May be.
- the interface between the oxide 530 and the insulator 552 and its vicinity thereof can be provided.
- Indium contained in the oxide 530 may be unevenly distributed.
- the vicinity of the surface of the oxide 530 has an atomic number ratio close to that of indium oxide or an atomic number ratio close to that of In—Zn oxide.
- the defect level density at the interface between the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b can be lowered. Therefore, the influence of interfacial scattering on carrier conduction is reduced, and the transistor 500 can obtain a large on-current and high frequency characteristics.
- At least one of the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 has impurities such as water and hydrogen from the substrate side or the transistor 500. It is preferable to function as a barrier insulating film that suppresses diffusion from above to the transistor 500. Therefore, at least one of the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrogen molecule, a water molecule, a nitrogen atom, a nitrogen molecule, and the like.
- an insulating material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as nitrogen oxide molecules ( N2O, NO, NO2, etc.) and copper atoms (the above impurities are difficult to permeate).
- impurities such as nitrogen oxide molecules ( N2O, NO, NO2, etc.) and copper atoms
- an insulating material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen for example, at least one such as an oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule
- the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 are insulators having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as water and hydrogen, and oxygen.
- impurities such as water and hydrogen, and oxygen.
- the insulator 512, the insulator 544, and the insulator 576 it is preferable to use silicon nitride or the like having a higher hydrogen barrier property.
- the insulator 514, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, and the insulator 581 it is preferable to use aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide having a high function of capturing hydrogen and fixing hydrogen. This makes it possible to prevent impurities such as water and hydrogen from diffusing from the substrate side to the transistor 500 side via the insulator 512 and the insulator 514. Alternatively, it is possible to prevent impurities such as water and hydrogen from diffusing to the transistor 500 side from the interlayer insulating film or the like arranged outside the insulator 581. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of oxygen contained in the insulator 524 or the like to the substrate side via the insulator 512 and the insulator 514.
- the transistor 500 has an insulator 512, an insulator 514, an insulator 571, an insulator 544, an insulator 574, an insulator 576, and an insulator 512 having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as water and hydrogen, and oxygen. It is preferable to have a structure surrounded by an insulator 581.
- an oxide having an amorphous structure as the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581.
- a metal oxide such as AlO x (x is an arbitrary number larger than 0) or MgO y (y is an arbitrary number larger than 0).
- an oxygen atom has a dangling bond, and the dangling bond may have a property of capturing or fixing hydrogen.
- a metal oxide having such an amorphous structure as a component of the transistor 500 or providing it around the transistor 500, hydrogen contained in the transistor 500 or hydrogen existing around the transistor 500 is captured or fixed. be able to. In particular, it is preferable to capture or fix hydrogen contained in the channel forming region of the transistor 500.
- a metal oxide having an amorphous structure as a component of the transistor 500 or providing it around the transistor 500, the transistor 500 having good characteristics and high reliability and a semiconductor device can be manufactured.
- the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 preferably have an amorphous structure, but a region of a polycrystal structure is partially formed. It may be formed. Further, the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 are multi-layered in which a layer having an amorphous structure and a layer having a polycrystal structure are laminated. It may be a structure. For example, a laminated structure in which a layer having a polycrystalline structure is formed on a layer having an amorphous structure may be used.
- the film formation of the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 may be performed by using, for example, a sputtering method. Since the sputtering method does not require the use of molecules containing hydrogen in the film forming gas, the hydrogen concentrations of the insulator 512, the insulator 514, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581. Can be reduced.
- the film forming method is not limited to the sputtering method, and includes chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, atomic layer deposition (ALD) method, and the like. It may be used as appropriate.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- MBE molecular beam epitaxy
- PLD pulsed laser deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- the resistivity of the insulator 512, the insulator 544, and the insulator 576 may be preferable to reduce the resistivity of the insulator 512, the insulator 544, and the insulator 576.
- the resistivity of the insulator 512, the insulator 544, and the insulator 576 is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 10 ⁇ cm or more and 1 ⁇ 10 15 ⁇ cm or less.
- the insulator 516, the insulator 574, the insulator 580, and the insulator 581 have a lower dielectric constant than the insulator 514.
- the insulator 516, the insulator 580, and the insulator 581 include silicon oxide, silicon oxide nitride, silicon oxide to which fluorine is added, silicon oxide to which carbon is added, silicon oxide to which carbon and nitrogen are added, and holes. Silicon oxide or the like may be used as appropriate.
- the insulator 581 is preferably an insulator that functions as an interlayer film, a flattening film, or the like.
- the conductor 503 is arranged so as to overlap the oxide 530 and the conductor 560.
- the conductor 503 is embedded in the opening formed in the insulator 516.
- a part of the conductor 503 may be embedded in the insulator 514.
- the conductor 503 has a conductor 503a and a conductor 503b.
- the conductor 503a is provided in contact with the bottom surface and the side wall of the opening.
- the conductor 503b is provided so as to be embedded in the recess formed in the conductor 503a.
- the height of the upper part of the conductor 503b roughly coincides with the height of the upper part of the conductor 503a and the height of the upper part of the insulator 516.
- the conductor 503a has a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as hydrogen atom, hydrogen molecule, water molecule, nitrogen atom, nitrogen molecule, nitrogen oxide molecule ( N2O, NO, NO2 , etc.) and copper atom. It is preferable to use a conductive material having. Alternatively, it is preferable to use a conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen (for example, at least one such as an oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule).
- the conductor 503a By using a conductive material having a function of reducing the diffusion of hydrogen in the conductor 503a, impurities such as hydrogen contained in the conductor 503b are prevented from diffusing into the oxide 530 via the insulator 524 and the like. Can be prevented. Further, by using a conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen for the conductor 503a, it is possible to prevent the conductor 503b from being oxidized and the conductivity from being lowered.
- the conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen for example, titanium, titanium nitride, tantalum, tantalum nitride, ruthenium, ruthenium oxide and the like are preferably used. Therefore, as the conductor 503a, the above-mentioned conductive material may be a single layer or a laminated material. For example, titanium nitride may be used for the conductor 503a.
- the conductor 503b it is preferable to use a conductive material containing tungsten, copper, or aluminum as a main component.
- tungsten may be used for the conductor 503b.
- the conductor 503 may function as a second gate electrode.
- the threshold voltage (Vth) of the transistor 500 can be controlled by independently changing the potential applied to the conductor 503 without interlocking with the potential applied to the conductor 560.
- Vth threshold voltage
- the transistor 500 When the oxide 530 is set to high purity and the impurities are removed from the oxide 530 as much as possible, the transistor 500 is normally placed without applying a potential to the conductor 503 and / or the conductor 560. It may be expected to be turned off (the threshold voltage of the transistor 500 is made larger than 0V). In this case, it is preferable to connect the conductor 560 and the conductor 503 so that the same potential is applied.
- the electrical resistivity of the conductor 503 is designed in consideration of the potential applied to the conductor 503, and the film thickness of the conductor 503 is set according to the electrical resistivity.
- the film thickness of the insulator 516 is substantially the same as that of the conductor 503.
- the absolute amount of impurities such as hydrogen contained in the insulator 516 can be reduced, so that the impurities can be reduced from diffusing into the oxide 530. ..
- the conductor 503 is provided larger than the size of the region that does not overlap with the conductor 542a and the conductor 542b of the oxide 530 when viewed from the upper surface.
- the conductor 503 is also stretched in a region outside the ends of the oxides 530a and 530b in the channel width direction. That is, it is preferable that the conductor 503 and the conductor 560 are superimposed on each other via an insulator on the outside of the side surface of the oxide 530 in the channel width direction.
- the channel forming region of the oxide 530 is electrically surrounded by the electric field of the conductor 560 that functions as the first gate electrode and the electric field of the conductor 503 that functions as the second gate electrode. Can be done.
- the structure of the transistor that electrically surrounds the channel forming region by the electric fields of the first gate and the second gate is called a curved channel (S-channel) structure.
- the transistor having an S-channel structure represents the structure of a transistor that electrically surrounds the channel formation region by the electric fields of one and the other of the pair of gate electrodes.
- the S-channel structure disclosed in the present specification and the like is different from the Fin type structure and the planar type structure.
- the transistor 500 By making the transistor 500 normally off and having the above-mentioned S-Channel structure, the channel formation region can be electrically surrounded. Therefore, the transistor 500 can be regarded as a GAA (Gate All Around) structure or an LGAA (Lateral Gate All Around) structure.
- the transistor 500 By forming the transistor 500 into an S-Channel structure, a GAA structure, or an LGAA structure, the channel forming region formed at or near the interface between the oxide 530 and the gate insulating film is the entire bulk of the oxide 530. be able to.
- the transistor 500 by making the transistor 500 have an S-Channel structure, a GAA structure, or an LGAA structure, it is possible to obtain a so-called Bulk-Flow type in which the carrier path is used as the entire bulk.
- a Bulk-Flow type transistor structure it is possible to improve the current density flowing through the transistor, so that it is expected that the on-current of the transistor will be improved or the field effect mobility of the transistor will be improved.
- the conductor 503 is stretched to function as wiring.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a conductor that functions as wiring may be provided under the conductor 503. Further, it is not always necessary to provide one conductor 503 for each transistor. For example, the conductor 503 may be shared by a plurality of transistors.
- the conductor 503 shows a configuration in which the conductor 503a and the conductor 503b are laminated, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the conductor 503 may be provided as a single layer or a laminated structure having three or more layers.
- the insulator 522 and the insulator 524 function as a gate insulator.
- the insulator 522 preferably has a function of suppressing the diffusion of hydrogen (for example, at least one hydrogen atom, hydrogen molecule, etc.). Further, the insulator 522 preferably has a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen (for example, at least one oxygen atom, oxygen molecule, etc.). For example, the insulator 522 preferably has a function of suppressing the diffusion of one or both of hydrogen and oxygen more than the insulator 524.
- the insulator 522 it is preferable to use an insulator containing oxides of one or both of aluminum and hafnium, which are insulating materials.
- the insulator it is preferable to use aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, an oxide containing aluminum and hafnium (hafnium aluminate) and the like.
- the insulator 522 releases oxygen from the oxide 530 to the substrate side and diffuses impurities such as hydrogen from the peripheral portion of the transistor 500 to the oxide 530. And, it functions as a layer to suppress.
- the insulator 522 impurities such as hydrogen can be suppressed from diffusing into the inside of the transistor 500, and the generation of oxygen deficiency in the oxide 530 can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to suppress the conductor 503 from reacting with the oxygen contained in the insulator 524 or the oxide 530.
- aluminum oxide, bismuth oxide, germanium oxide, niobium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, yttrium oxide, and zirconium oxide may be added to the insulator.
- these insulators may be nitrided.
- the insulator 522 may be used by laminating silicon oxide, silicon oxide or silicon nitride on these insulators.
- an insulator containing a so-called high-k material such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, and zirconium oxide may be used in a single layer or in a laminated state.
- a so-called high-k material such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, and zirconium oxide
- problems such as leakage current may occur due to the thinning of the gate insulator.
- a high-k material for an insulator that functions as a gate insulator it is possible to reduce the gate potential during transistor operation while maintaining the physical film thickness.
- insulator 522 a substance having a high dielectric constant such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ), (Ba, Sr) TiO 3 (BST) may be used.
- PZT lead zirconate titanate
- strontium titanate SrTiO 3
- Ba, Sr Ba TiO 3
- silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or the like may be appropriately used.
- the heat treatment may be performed, for example, at 100 ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower, more preferably 350 ° C. or higher and 550 ° C. or lower.
- the heat treatment is performed in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas or an inert gas, or an atmosphere containing 10 ppm or more of an oxidizing gas, 1% or more, or 10% or more.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed in an oxygen atmosphere.
- oxygen can be supplied to the oxide 530 to reduce oxygen deficiency (VO).
- the heat treatment may be performed in a reduced pressure state.
- the heat treatment may be performed in an atmosphere containing 10 ppm or more, 1% or more, or 10% or more of an oxidizing gas in order to supplement the desorbed oxygen after the heat treatment in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas or an inert gas. good.
- the heat treatment may be performed in an atmosphere containing 10 ppm or more of an oxidizing gas, 1% or more, or 10% or more, and then continuously heat-treated in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas or an inert gas.
- the oxygen deficiency in the oxide 530 can be repaired by the supplied oxygen, in other words, the reaction of "VO + O ⁇ null" can be promoted. .. Further, the oxygen supplied to the hydrogen remaining in the oxide 530 reacts with the hydrogen, so that the hydrogen can be removed (dehydrated) as H2O . As a result, it is possible to suppress the hydrogen remaining in the oxide 530 from being recombined with the oxygen deficiency to form VOH.
- the insulator 522 and the insulator 524 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- the laminated structure is not limited to the same material, and may be a laminated structure made of different materials.
- the insulator 524 may be formed in an island shape by superimposing on the oxide 530a. In this case, the insulator 544 is in contact with the side surface of the insulator 524 and the upper surface of the insulator 522.
- the conductor 542a and the conductor 542b are provided in contact with the upper surface of the oxide 530b.
- the conductor 542a and the conductor 542b each function as a source electrode or a drain electrode of the transistor 500.
- Examples of the conductor 542 include a nitride containing tantalum, a nitride containing titanium, a nitride containing molybdenum, a nitride containing tungsten, and a nitride containing tantalum and aluminum. It is preferable to use a nitride containing titanium and aluminum. In one aspect of the invention, a nitride containing tantalum is particularly preferred. Further, for example, ruthenium oxide, ruthenium nitride, an oxide containing strontium and ruthenium, an oxide containing lanthanum and nickel, and the like may be used. These materials are preferable because they are conductive materials that are difficult to oxidize or materials that maintain conductivity even when oxygen is absorbed.
- hydrogen contained in the oxide 530b or the like may diffuse into the conductor 542a or the conductor 542b.
- hydrogen contained in the oxide 530b or the like is likely to diffuse into the conductor 542a or the conductor 542b, and the diffused hydrogen is the conductor. It may bind to the nitrogen contained in the 542a or the conductor 542b. That is, hydrogen contained in the oxide 530b or the like may be absorbed by the conductor 542a or the conductor 542b.
- the conductor 542 it is preferable that no curved surface is formed between the side surface of the conductor 542 and the upper surface of the conductor 542.
- the conductor 542 on which the curved surface is not formed the cross-sectional area of the conductor 542 in the cross section in the channel width direction can be increased.
- the conductivity of the conductor 542 can be increased and the on-current of the transistor 500 can be increased.
- the insulator 571a is provided in contact with the upper surface of the conductor 542a, and the insulator 571b is provided in contact with the upper surface of the conductor 542b.
- the insulator 571 preferably functions as a barrier insulating film against at least oxygen. Therefore, it is preferable that the insulator 571 has a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen.
- the insulator 571 preferably has a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen more than the insulator 580.
- a nitride containing silicon such as silicon nitride may be used.
- the insulator 571 preferably has a function of capturing impurities such as hydrogen.
- a metal oxide having an amorphous structure for example, an insulator such as aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide may be used.
- an insulator such as aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide
- the insulator 544 is provided so as to cover the insulator 524, the oxide 530a, the oxide 530b, the conductor 542, and the insulator 571. It is preferable that the insulator 544 has a function of capturing hydrogen and fixing hydrogen. In that case, it is preferable that the insulator 544 includes an insulator such as silicon nitride or a metal oxide having an amorphous structure, for example, aluminum oxide or magnesium oxide. Further, for example, as the insulator 544, a laminated film of aluminum oxide and silicon nitride on the aluminum oxide may be used.
- the conductor 542 can be wrapped with the insulator having a barrier property against oxygen. That is, it is possible to prevent oxygen contained in the insulator 524 and the insulator 580 from diffusing into the conductor 542. As a result, it is possible to prevent the conductor 542 from being directly oxidized by the oxygen contained in the insulator 524 and the insulator 580 to increase the resistivity and reduce the on-current.
- the insulator 552 functions as a part of the gate insulator.
- an insulator that can be used for the above-mentioned insulator 574 may be used.
- an insulator containing an oxide of one or both of aluminum and hafnium may be used.
- aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, an oxide containing aluminum and hafnium (hafnium aluminate), an oxide containing hafnium and silicon (hafnium silicate) and the like can be used.
- aluminum oxide is used as the insulator 552.
- the insulator 552 is an insulator having at least oxygen and aluminum.
- the insulator 552 is provided in contact with the upper surface and the side surface of the oxide 530b, the side surface of the oxide 530a, the side surface of the insulator 524, and the upper surface of the insulator 522. That is, the region of the oxide 530a, the oxide 530b, and the insulator 524 overlapping with the conductor 560 is covered with the insulator 552 in the cross section in the channel width direction. As a result, it is possible to block the desorption of oxygen by the oxides 530a and 530b by the insulator 552 having a barrier property against oxygen when heat treatment or the like is performed.
- the insulator 580 and the insulator 550 contain an excessive amount of oxygen, it is possible to suppress the excessive supply of the oxygen to the oxide 530a and the oxide 530b. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the region 530ba and the region 530bb from being excessively oxidized via the region 530bc to cause a decrease in the on-current of the transistor 500 or a decrease in the field effect mobility.
- the insulator 552 is provided in contact with the side surfaces of the conductor 542, the insulator 544, the insulator 571, and the insulator 580, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the oxidation of the side surface of the conductor 542 and the formation of an oxide film on the side surface. As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the on-current of the transistor 500 or a decrease in the field effect mobility.
- the insulator 552 needs to be provided in the opening formed in the insulator 580 or the like together with the insulator 554, the insulator 550, and the conductor 560. In order to miniaturize the transistor 500, it is preferable that the thickness of the insulator 552 is thin.
- the film thickness of the insulator 552 is preferably 0.1 nm or more, 0.5 nm or more, or 1.0 nm or more, and preferably 1.0 nm or less, 3.0 nm or less, or 5.0 nm or less. ..
- the above-mentioned lower limit value and upper limit value can be combined.
- the insulator 552 may have a region having the above-mentioned film thickness at least in a part thereof. Further, the film thickness of the insulator 552 is preferably thinner than the film thickness of the insulator 550. In this case, the insulator 552 may have a region having a film thickness thinner than that of the insulator 550, at least in part.
- the ALD method alternates between a first source gas (also referred to as a precursor, precursor, or metal precursor) and a second source gas (also referred to as reactants, reactors, oxidizing agents, or non-metal precursors) for the reaction.
- a first source gas also referred to as a precursor, precursor, or metal precursor
- a second source gas also referred to as reactants, reactors, oxidizing agents, or non-metal precursors
- the ALD method include a thermal ALD method in which the reaction of the precursor and the reactor is performed only by thermal energy, and a PEALD (Plasma Enhanced ALD) method using a plasma-excited reactor. In the PEALD method, it may be preferable to use plasma because it is possible to form a film at a lower temperature.
- the ALD method utilizes the characteristics of atoms, which are self-regulating properties, and can deposit atoms layer by layer, so ultra-thin film formation is possible, film formation into structures with a high aspect ratio is possible, pinholes, etc. It has the effects of being able to form a film with few defects, being able to form a film with excellent coverage, and being able to form a film at a low temperature. Therefore, the insulator 552 can be formed on the side surface of the opening formed in the insulator 580 or the like with good coverage and with a thin film thickness as described above.
- the film provided by the ALD method may contain a large amount of impurities such as carbon as compared with the film provided by other film forming methods.
- the quantification of impurities can be performed by using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS: Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) or X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS: X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy).
- the insulator 550 functions as a part of the gate insulator.
- the insulator 550 is preferably arranged in contact with the upper surface of the insulator 552.
- the insulator 550 includes silicon oxide, silicon oxide nitride, silicon nitride oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide to which fluorine is added, silicon oxide to which carbon is added, silicon oxide to which carbon and nitrogen are added, silicon oxide having pores, and the like. Can be used.
- silicon oxide and silicon nitride nitride are preferable because they are heat-stable.
- the insulator 550 is an insulator having at least oxygen and silicon.
- the insulator 550 has a reduced concentration of impurities such as water and hydrogen in the insulator 550.
- the film thickness of the insulator 550 preferably has a lower limit of 1 nm or 0.5 nm and an upper limit of 15 nm or 20 nm.
- the above-mentioned lower limit value and upper limit value can be combined.
- the film thickness of the insulator 550 is preferably 0.5 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and preferably 1 nm or more and 15 nm or less.
- the insulator 550 may have a region having the above-mentioned film thickness at least in a part thereof.
- FIGS. 15A and 15B show a configuration in which the insulator 550 is a single layer
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a laminated structure of two or more layers may be used.
- the insulator 550 may have a two-layer laminated structure of the insulator 550a and the insulator 550b on the insulator 550a.
- the lower insulator 550a is formed by using an insulator that easily permeates oxygen
- the upper insulator 550b is a diffusion of oxygen. It is preferable to use an insulator having a function of suppressing the above. With such a configuration, oxygen contained in the insulator 550a can be suppressed from diffusing into the conductor 560. That is, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the amount of oxygen supplied to the oxide 530. Further, it is possible to suppress the oxidation of the conductor 560 by the oxygen contained in the insulator 550a.
- the insulator 550a may be provided by using a material that can be used for the above-mentioned insulator 550, and the insulator 550b may be an insulator containing an oxide of one or both of aluminum and hafnium.
- the insulator aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, an oxide containing aluminum and hafnium (hafnium aluminate), an oxide containing hafnium and silicon (hafnium silicate) and the like can be used.
- hafnium oxide is used as the insulator 550b.
- the insulator 550b is an insulator having at least oxygen and hafnium.
- the film thickness of the insulator 550b is preferably 0.5 nm or more, or 1.0 nm or more, and preferably 3.0 nm or less, or 5.0 nm or less.
- the above-mentioned lower limit value and upper limit value can be combined.
- the insulator 550b may have, at least in part, a region having the above-mentioned film thickness.
- an insulating material which is a high-k material having a high relative permittivity may be used for the insulator 550b.
- the gate insulator By forming the gate insulator into a laminated structure of the insulator 550a and the insulator 550b, it is possible to obtain a laminated structure that is stable against heat and has a high relative permittivity. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the gate potential applied during transistor operation while maintaining the physical film thickness of the gate insulator. Further, it is possible to reduce the equivalent oxide film thickness (EOT) of the insulator that functions as a gate insulator. Therefore, the withstand voltage of the insulator 550 can be increased.
- EOT equivalent oxide film thickness
- the insulator 554 functions as a part of the gate insulator.
- silicon nitride formed by the PEALD method may be used as the insulator 554.
- the insulator 554 is an insulator having at least nitrogen and silicon.
- the insulator 554 may further have a barrier property against oxygen. As a result, oxygen contained in the insulator 550 can be suppressed from diffusing into the conductor 560.
- the insulator 554 needs to be provided in the opening formed in the insulator 580 or the like together with the insulator 552, the insulator 550, and the conductor 560. In order to miniaturize the transistor 500, it is preferable that the thickness of the insulator 554 is thin.
- the film thickness of the insulator 554 is preferably 0.1 nm or more, 0.5 nm or more, or 1.0 nm or more, and preferably 3.0 nm or less, or 5.0 nm or less.
- the above-mentioned lower limit value and upper limit value can be combined.
- the insulator 554 may have a region having the above-mentioned film thickness at least in a part thereof.
- the film thickness of the insulator 554 is preferably thinner than the film thickness of the insulator 550.
- the insulator 554 may have a region having a film thickness thinner than that of the insulator 550, at least in part.
- the conductor 560 functions as the first gate electrode of the transistor 500.
- the conductor 560 preferably has a conductor 560a and a conductor 560b arranged on the conductor 560a.
- the conductor 560a is preferably arranged so as to wrap the bottom surface and the side surface of the conductor 560b.
- the position of the height of the upper surface of the conductor 560 substantially coincides with the position of the height of the upper part of the insulator 550. In FIGS.
- the conductor 560 is shown as a two-layer structure of the conductor 560a and the conductor 560b, but the conductor 560 has a single-layer structure or a three-layer structure other than the two-layer structure. It can be a laminated structure with more than one layer.
- a conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of impurities such as hydrogen atom, hydrogen molecule, water molecule, nitrogen atom, nitrogen molecule, nitrogen oxide molecule and copper atom.
- a conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen for example, at least one such as an oxygen atom and an oxygen molecule.
- the conductor 560a has a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen, it is possible to prevent the conductor 560b from being oxidized by the oxygen contained in the insulator 550 and the conductivity from being lowered.
- the conductive material having a function of suppressing the diffusion of oxygen for example, titanium, titanium nitride, tantalum, tantalum nitride, ruthenium, ruthenium oxide and the like are preferably used.
- the conductor 560 also functions as wiring, it is preferable to use a conductor having high conductivity.
- a conductor having high conductivity for example, as the conductor 560b, a conductive material containing tungsten, copper, or aluminum as a main component can be used.
- the conductor 560b can have a laminated structure. Specifically, for example, the conductor 560b may have a laminated structure of titanium or titanium nitride and the conductive material.
- the conductor 560 is self-aligned so as to fill the opening formed in the insulator 580 or the like.
- the conductor 560 can be reliably arranged in the region between the conductor 542a and the conductor 542b without aligning the conductor 560.
- the height is preferably lower than the height of the bottom surface of the oxide 530b.
- the conductor 560 functioning as a gate electrode covers the side surface and the upper surface of the channel forming region of the oxide 530b via an insulator 550 or the like, so that the electric field of the conductor 560 can be applied to the channel forming region of the oxide 530b. It becomes easier to act on the whole. Therefore, the on-current of the transistor 500 can be increased and the frequency characteristics can be improved.
- the difference is preferably 0 nm or more, 3 nm or more, or 5 nm or more, and preferably 20 nm or less, 50 nm or less, or 100 nm or less.
- the above-mentioned lower limit value and upper limit value can be combined.
- the insulator 580 is provided on the insulator 544, and an opening is formed in the region where the insulator 550 and the conductor 560 are provided. Further, the upper surface of the insulator 580 may be flattened.
- the insulator 580 that functions as an interlayer film preferably has a low dielectric constant.
- a material having a low dielectric constant As an interlayer film, it is possible to reduce the parasitic capacitance generated between the wirings.
- the insulator 580 is provided, for example, by using the same material as the insulator 516.
- silicon oxide and silicon nitride nitride are preferable because they are thermally stable.
- materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride nitride, and silicon oxide having pores are preferable because they can easily form a region containing oxygen desorbed by heating.
- the insulator 580 has a reduced concentration of impurities such as water and hydrogen in the insulator 580.
- the insulator 580 may appropriately use an oxide containing silicon such as silicon oxide and silicon nitride.
- the insulator 574 preferably functions as a barrier insulating film that suppresses impurities such as water and hydrogen from diffusing into the insulator 580 from above, and preferably has a function of capturing impurities such as hydrogen. Further, the insulator 574 preferably functions as a barrier insulating film that suppresses the permeation of oxygen.
- a metal oxide having an amorphous structure for example, an insulator such as aluminum oxide may be used. In this case, the insulator 574 is an insulator having at least oxygen and aluminum.
- the insulator 574 which has a function of capturing impurities such as hydrogen in contact with the insulator 580, hydrogen contained in the insulator 580 and the like can be provided. Impurities can be captured and the amount of hydrogen in the region can be kept constant.
- the insulator 576 functions as a barrier insulating film that suppresses impurities such as water and hydrogen from diffusing into the insulator 580 from above. Insulator 576 is placed on top of insulator 574.
- a nitride containing silicon such as silicon nitride or silicon nitride oxide.
- silicon nitride formed by a sputtering method may be used as the insulator 576.
- a silicon nitride film having a high density can be formed.
- silicon nitride formed by the PEALD method or the CVD method may be further laminated on the silicon nitride formed by the sputtering method.
- one of the first terminal or the second terminal of the transistor 500 is electrically connected to the conductor 540a functioning as a plug, and the other of the first terminal or the second terminal of the transistor 500 is connected to the conductor 540b. It is electrically connected.
- the conductors 540a, 540b, and the like may function as wiring for electrically connecting to the upper light emitting device 150 and the like. Further, in the case of the display device 100 of FIG. 4, the conductor 540a, the conductor 540b, and the like may be used as wiring for electrically connecting to the transistor 170 and the like. In the present specification and the like, the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b are collectively referred to as a conductor 540.
- the conductor 540a is provided in a region overlapping with the conductor 542a. Specifically, in the region overlapping with the conductor 542a, openings are formed in the insulator 571, the insulator 544, the insulator 580, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 shown in FIG. 15A.
- the conductor 540a is provided inside the opening.
- the conductor 540b is provided, for example, in a region overlapping with the conductor 542b.
- openings are formed in the insulator 571, the insulator 544, the insulator 580, the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 581 shown in FIG. 15A.
- the conductor 540b is provided inside the opening.
- an insulator 541a may be provided as an insulator having a barrier property against impurities between the side surface of the opening of the region overlapping with the conductor 542a and the conductor 540a. ..
- an insulator 541b may be provided as an insulator having a barrier property against impurities between the side surface of the opening of the region overlapping with the conductor 542b and the conductor 540b.
- the insulator 541a and the insulator 541b are collectively referred to as an insulator 541.
- the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b it is preferable to use a conductive material containing tungsten, copper, or aluminum as a main component. Further, the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b may have a laminated structure.
- the conductor 540 has a laminated structure
- the insulator 574, the insulator 576, the insulator 581, the insulator 580, the insulator 544, and the first conductor arranged in the vicinity of the insulator 571 are included in the first conductor.
- a conductive material having a function of suppressing the permeation of impurities such as water and hydrogen For example, tantalum, tantalum nitride, titanium, titanium nitride, ruthenium, ruthenium oxide and the like are preferably used.
- the conductive material having a function of suppressing the permeation of impurities such as water and hydrogen may be used in a single layer or in a laminated manner. Further, it is possible to prevent impurities such as water and hydrogen contained in the layer above the insulator 576 from being mixed into the oxide 530 through the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b.
- a barrier insulating film that can be used for the insulator 544 or the like may be used.
- insulators such as silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, and silicon nitride may be used. Since the insulator 541a and the insulator 541b are provided in contact with the insulator 574, the insulator 576, and the insulator 571, impurities such as water and hydrogen contained in the insulator 580 and the like are contained in the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b. It is possible to prevent the oxide from being mixed with the oxide 530. In particular, silicon nitride is suitable because it has a high blocking property against hydrogen. Further, it is possible to prevent oxygen contained in the insulator 580 from being absorbed by the conductor 540a and the conductor 540b.
- the first insulator in contact with the inner wall of the opening such as the insulator 580 and the second insulator inside the first insulator are against oxygen. It is preferable to use a barrier insulating film in combination with a barrier insulating film against hydrogen.
- aluminum oxide formed by the ALD method may be used as the first insulator, and silicon nitride formed by the PEALD method may be used as the second insulator.
- silicon nitride formed by the PEALD method may be used as the second insulator.
- the transistor 500 shows a configuration in which the first insulator of the insulator 541 and the second conductor of the insulator 541 are laminated
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulator 541 may be provided as a single layer or a laminated structure having three or more layers.
- the configuration in which the first conductor of the conductor 540 and the second conductor of the conductor 540 are laminated is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the conductor 540 may be provided as a single layer or a laminated structure having three or more layers.
- the structure of the transistor included in the semiconductor device of one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the transistor 500 shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B.
- the structure of the transistor included in the semiconductor device of one aspect of the present invention may be changed depending on the situation.
- the metal oxide preferably contains at least indium or zinc. In particular, it preferably contains indium and zinc. In addition to them, it is preferable that aluminum, gallium, yttrium, tin and the like are contained. It may also contain one or more selected from boron, silicon, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, magnesium, cobalt and the like. ..
- FIG. 17A is a diagram illustrating the classification of the crystal structure of an oxide semiconductor, typically IGZO (a metal oxide containing In, Ga, and Zn).
- IGZO a metal oxide containing In, Ga, and Zn
- oxide semiconductors are roughly classified into “Amorphous”, “Crystalline”, and “Crystal”.
- Amorphous includes “completable amorphous”.
- Crystalline includes CAAC (c-axis-aligned crystalline), nc (nanocrystalline), and CAC (Cloud-AlignedComposite) (excluding single crystal).
- single crystal, poly crystal, and single crystal amorphous are excluded from the classification of "Crystalline”.
- “Crystal” includes single crystal and poly crystal.
- the structure in the thick frame shown in FIG. 17A is an intermediate state between "Amorphous” and “Crystal", and belongs to a new boundary region (New crystal line phase). .. That is, the structure can be rephrased as a structure completely different from the energetically unstable "Amorphous” and "Crystal".
- the crystal structure of the film or substrate can be evaluated using an X-ray diffraction (XRD: X-Ray Diffraction) spectrum.
- XRD X-ray diffraction
- FIG. 17B the XRD spectrum obtained by GIXD (Grazing-Intensity XRD) measurement of the CAAC-IGZO film classified as "Crystalline" is shown in FIG. 17B (the vertical axis is the intensity (Intensity) as an arbitrary unit (a.u.)). (Represented by).
- the GIXD method is also referred to as a thin film method or a Seemann-Bohlin method.
- the XRD spectrum obtained by the GIXD measurement shown in FIG. 17B may be simply referred to as an XRD spectrum.
- a peak showing clear crystallinity is detected in the XRD spectrum of the CAAC-IGZO film.
- the crystal structure of the film or the substrate can be evaluated by a diffraction pattern (also referred to as a microelectron diffraction pattern) observed by a micro electron diffraction method (NBED: Nano Beam Electron Diffraction).
- the diffraction pattern of the CAAC-IGZO film is shown in FIG. 17C.
- FIG. 17C is a diffraction pattern observed by the NBED in which the electron beam is incident parallel to the substrate.
- electron beam diffraction is performed with the probe diameter set to 1 nm.
- oxide semiconductors may be classified differently from FIG. 17A.
- oxide semiconductors are divided into single crystal oxide semiconductors and other non-single crystal oxide semiconductors.
- the non-single crystal oxide semiconductor include the above-mentioned CAAC-OS and nc-OS.
- the non-single crystal oxide semiconductor includes a polycrystal oxide semiconductor, a pseudo-amorphous oxide semiconductor (a-like OS: atomous-like oxide semiconductor), an amorphous oxide semiconductor, and the like.
- CAAC-OS CAAC-OS
- nc-OS nc-OS
- a-like OS the details of the above-mentioned CAAC-OS, nc-OS, and a-like OS will be described.
- CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor having a plurality of crystal regions, the plurality of crystal regions having the c-axis oriented in a specific direction.
- the specific direction is the thickness direction of the CAAC-OS film, the normal direction of the surface to be formed of the CAAC-OS film, or the normal direction of the surface of the CAAC-OS film.
- the crystal region is a region having periodicity in the atomic arrangement. When the atomic arrangement is regarded as a lattice arrangement, the crystal region is also a region in which the lattice arrangement is aligned. Further, the CAAC-OS has a region in which a plurality of crystal regions are connected in the ab plane direction, and the region may have distortion.
- the strain refers to a region in which a plurality of crystal regions are connected in which the orientation of the lattice arrangement changes between a region in which the lattice arrangement is aligned and a region in which another grid arrangement is aligned. That is, CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor that is c-axis oriented and not clearly oriented in the ab plane direction.
- Each of the plurality of crystal regions is composed of one or a plurality of minute crystals (crystals having a maximum diameter of less than 10 nm).
- the maximum diameter of the crystal region is less than 10 nm.
- the size of the crystal region may be about several tens of nm.
- CAAC-OS has indium (In) and oxygen. It tends to have a layered crystal structure (also referred to as a layered structure) in which a layer (hereinafter, In layer) and a layer having elements M, zinc (Zn), and oxygen (hereinafter, (M, Zn) layer) are laminated. There is. Indium and element M can be replaced with each other. Therefore, the (M, Zn) layer may contain indium. In addition, the In layer may contain the element M. The In layer may contain Zn.
- the layered structure is observed as a grid image, for example, in a high-resolution TEM image.
- the position of the peak indicating the c-axis orientation may vary depending on the type and composition of the metal elements constituting CAAC-OS.
- a plurality of bright spots are observed in the electron diffraction pattern of the CAAC-OS film. Note that a certain spot and another spot are observed at point-symmetrical positions with the spot of the incident electron beam transmitted through the sample (also referred to as a direct spot) as the center of symmetry.
- the lattice arrangement in the crystal region is based on a hexagonal lattice, but the unit lattice is not limited to a regular hexagon and may be a non-regular hexagon. Further, in the above strain, it may have a lattice arrangement such as a pentagon or a heptagon.
- a clear grain boundary cannot be confirmed even in the vicinity of strain. That is, it can be seen that the formation of grain boundaries is suppressed by the distortion of the lattice arrangement. This is because CAAC-OS can tolerate distortion due to the fact that the arrangement of oxygen atoms is not dense in the ab plane direction, the bond distance between atoms changes due to the substitution of metal atoms, and the like. It is thought that this is the reason.
- CAAC-OS for which no clear crystal grain boundary is confirmed, is one of the crystalline oxides having a crystal structure suitable for the semiconductor layer of the transistor.
- a configuration having Zn is preferable.
- In-Zn oxide and In-Ga-Zn oxide are more suitable than In oxide because they can suppress the generation of grain boundaries.
- CAAC-OS is an oxide semiconductor with high crystallinity and no clear grain boundaries can be confirmed. Therefore, it can be said that CAAC-OS is unlikely to cause a decrease in electron mobility due to grain boundaries. Further, since the crystallinity of the oxide semiconductor may be deteriorated due to the mixing of impurities and the generation of defects, CAAC-OS can be said to be an oxide semiconductor having few impurities and defects (oxygen deficiency, etc.). Therefore, the oxide semiconductor having CAAC-OS has stable physical properties. Therefore, the oxide semiconductor having CAAC-OS is resistant to heat and has high reliability. CAAC-OS is also stable against high temperatures (so-called thermal budgets) in the manufacturing process. Therefore, if CAAC-OS is used for the OS transistor, the degree of freedom in the manufacturing process can be expanded.
- nc-OS has periodicity in the atomic arrangement in a minute region (for example, a region of 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less, particularly a region of 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less).
- nc-OS has tiny crystals. Since the size of the minute crystal is, for example, 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less, particularly 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, the minute crystal is also referred to as a nanocrystal.
- nc-OS has no regularity in crystal orientation between different nanocrystals. Therefore, no orientation is observed in the entire film.
- the nc-OS may be indistinguishable from the a-like OS and the amorphous oxide semiconductor depending on the analysis method. For example, when structural analysis is performed on an nc-OS film using an XRD device, a peak indicating crystallinity is not detected in the Out-of-plane XRD measurement using a ⁇ / 2 ⁇ scan. Further, when electron beam diffraction (also referred to as limited field electron diffraction) using an electron beam having a probe diameter larger than that of nanocrystals (for example, 50 nm or more) is performed on the nc-OS film, a diffraction pattern such as a halo pattern is performed. Is observed.
- electron beam diffraction also referred to as limited field electron diffraction
- nanocrystals for example, 50 nm or more
- electron diffraction also referred to as nanobeam electron diffraction
- an electron beam having a probe diameter for example, 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less
- An electron diffraction pattern in which a plurality of spots are observed in a ring-shaped region centered on a direct spot may be acquired.
- the a-like OS is an oxide semiconductor having a structure between nc-OS and an amorphous oxide semiconductor.
- the a-like OS has a void or low density region. That is, the a-like OS has lower crystallinity than the nc-OS and CAAC-OS.
- a-like OS has a higher hydrogen concentration in the membrane than nc-OS and CAAC-OS.
- CAC-OS relates to the material composition.
- CAC-OS is, for example, a composition of a material in which the elements constituting the metal oxide are unevenly distributed in a size of 0.5 nm or more and 10 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, or in the vicinity thereof.
- the metal oxide one or more metal elements are unevenly distributed, and the region having the metal element has a size of 0.5 nm or more and 10 nm or less, preferably 1 nm or more and 3 nm or less, or a size close thereto.
- the mixed state is also called a mosaic shape or a patch shape.
- the CAC-OS has a structure in which the material is separated into a first region and a second region to form a mosaic, and the first region is distributed in the film (hereinafter, also referred to as a cloud shape). It is said.). That is, the CAC-OS is a composite metal oxide having a structure in which the first region and the second region are mixed.
- the atomic number ratios of In, Ga, and Zn with respect to the metal elements constituting CAC-OS in the In-Ga-Zn oxide are expressed as [In], [Ga], and [Zn].
- the first region is a region where [In] is larger than [In] in the composition of the CAC-OS film.
- the second region is a region in which [Ga] is larger than [Ga] in the composition of the CAC-OS film.
- the first region is a region in which [In] is larger than [In] in the second region and [Ga] is smaller than [Ga] in the second region.
- the second region is a region in which [Ga] is larger than [Ga] in the first region and [In] is smaller than [In] in the first region.
- the first region is a region in which indium oxide, indium zinc oxide, or the like is the main component.
- the second region is a region containing gallium oxide, gallium zinc oxide, or the like as a main component. That is, the first region can be rephrased as a region containing In as a main component. Further, the second region can be rephrased as a region containing Ga as a main component.
- a region containing In as a main component (No. 1) by EDX mapping acquired by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX: Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). It can be confirmed that the region (1 region) and the region containing Ga as a main component (second region) have a structure in which they are unevenly distributed and mixed.
- EDX Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- the conductivity caused by the first region and the insulating property caused by the second region act in a complementary manner to switch the switching function (On / Off function).
- the CAC-OS has a conductive function in a part of the material and an insulating function in a part of the material, and has a function as a semiconductor in the whole material. By separating the conductive function and the insulating function, both functions can be maximized. Therefore, by using CAC-OS for the transistor, high on -current (Ion), high field effect mobility ( ⁇ ), and good switching operation can be realized.
- Oxide semiconductors have various structures, and each has different characteristics.
- the oxide semiconductor of one aspect of the present invention has two or more of amorphous oxide semiconductor, polycrystalline oxide semiconductor, a-like OS, CAC-OS, nc-OS, and CAAC-OS. You may.
- the oxide semiconductor as a transistor, a transistor with high field effect mobility can be realized. In addition, a highly reliable transistor can be realized.
- the carrier concentration of the oxide semiconductor is 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm -3 or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm -3 or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm -3 or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 11 cm ⁇ . It is 3 or less, more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 10 cm -3 , and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 -9 cm -3 or more.
- the impurity concentration in the oxide semiconductor film may be lowered to lower the defect level density.
- a low impurity concentration and a low defect level density is referred to as high-purity intrinsic or substantially high-purity intrinsic.
- An oxide semiconductor having a low carrier concentration may be referred to as a high-purity intrinsic or substantially high-purity intrinsic oxide semiconductor.
- the trap level density may also be low.
- the charge captured at the trap level of the oxide semiconductor takes a long time to disappear, and may behave as if it were a fixed charge. Therefore, a transistor in which a channel forming region is formed in an oxide semiconductor having a high trap level density may have unstable electrical characteristics.
- impurities include hydrogen, nitrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, iron, nickel, silicon and the like.
- the concentrations of silicon and carbon in the oxide semiconductor and the concentrations of silicon and carbon near the interface with the oxide semiconductor are 2 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 or less, preferably 2 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- the oxide semiconductor contains an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal
- defect levels may be formed and carriers may be generated. Therefore, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal tends to have a normally-on characteristic. Therefore, the concentration of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the oxide semiconductor obtained by SIMS is set to 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 or less, preferably 2 ⁇ 10 16 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- the nitrogen concentration in the oxide semiconductor obtained by SIMS is less than 5 ⁇ 10 19 atoms / cm 3 , preferably 5 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 or less, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 or less. , More preferably 5 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 or less.
- hydrogen contained in an oxide semiconductor reacts with oxygen bonded to a metal atom to become water, which may form an oxygen deficiency.
- oxygen deficiency When hydrogen enters the oxygen deficiency, electrons that are carriers may be generated.
- a part of hydrogen may be combined with oxygen that is bonded to a metal atom to generate an electron as a carrier. Therefore, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor containing hydrogen tends to have a normally-on characteristic. Therefore, it is preferable that hydrogen in the oxide semiconductor is reduced as much as possible.
- the hydrogen concentration obtained by SIMS is less than 1 ⁇ 10 20 atoms / cm 3 , preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 19 atoms / cm 3 , and more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm. Less than 3 , more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 .
- 18A and 18B show the appearance of the head-mounted display 8300.
- the head-mounted display 8300 has a housing 8301, a display unit 8302, an operation button 8303, and a band-shaped fixture 8304.
- the operation button 8303 has a function such as a power button. Further, the head-mounted display 8300 may have a button in addition to the operation button 8303.
- a lens 8305 may be provided between the display unit 8302 and the position of the user's eyes.
- the lens 8305 allows the user to magnify the display unit 8302, which further enhances the sense of presence.
- a dial 8306 that changes the position of the lens for diopter adjustment may be provided.
- a display device can be applied to the display unit 8302. Since the display device of one aspect of the present invention has extremely high definition, even if the display device is magnified using the lens 8305 as shown in FIG. 18C, the pixels are not visually recognized by the user, and a more realistic image can be obtained. Can be displayed.
- 18A to 18C show an example in which one display unit 8302 is provided. With such a configuration, the number of parts can be reduced.
- the display unit 8302 can display two images, one for the right eye and the other for the left eye, side by side in the two left and right areas, respectively. This makes it possible to display a stereoscopic image using binocular parallax.
- one image that can be visually recognized by both eyes may be displayed over the entire area of the display unit 8302. This makes it possible to display a panoramic image over both ends of the field of view, which enhances the sense of reality.
- the head-mounted display 8300 has a mechanism in which the display unit 8302 changes the curvature of the display unit 8302 to an appropriate value according to the size of the user's head, the position of the eyes, and the like.
- the user may adjust the curvature of the display unit 8302 by operating the dial 8307 for adjusting the curvature of the display unit 8302.
- the housing 8301 is provided with a sensor (for example, a camera, a contact sensor, a non-contact sensor, etc.) that detects the size of the user's head or the position of the eyes, and the display unit 8302 is based on the detection data of the sensor. It may have a mechanism for adjusting the curvature of.
- the dial 8306 may have a function of adjusting the angle of the lens.
- 18E and 18F show an example including a drive unit 8308 that controls the curvature of the display unit 8302.
- the drive unit 8308 is fixed to at least a part of the display unit 8302.
- the drive unit 8308 has a function of deforming the display unit 8302 by deforming or moving a portion fixed to the display unit 8302.
- FIG. 18E is a schematic view of a user 8310 having a relatively large head size wearing the housing 8301. At this time, the shape of the display unit 8302 is adjusted by the drive unit 8308 so that the curvature is relatively small (the radius of curvature is large).
- FIG. 18F shows a case where the user 8311, whose head size is smaller than that of the user 8310, is wearing the housing 8301. Further, the user 8311 has a narrower distance between the eyes than the user 8310. At this time, the shape of the display unit 8302 is adjusted by the drive unit 8308 so that the curvature of the display unit 8302 becomes large (the radius of curvature becomes small).
- the position and shape of the display unit 8302 in FIG. 18E are shown by broken lines.
- the head-mounted display 8300 has a mechanism for adjusting the curvature of the display unit 8302, so that it is possible to provide an optimum display to various users of all ages.
- the shaking can be expressed by vibrating the curvature of the display unit 8302.
- various effects can be produced according to the scene in the content, and a new experience can be provided to the user.
- interlocking with the vibration module provided in the housing 8301 it is possible to display with a higher sense of presence.
- the head-mounted display 8300 may have two display units 8302 as shown in FIG. 18D.
- the user can see one display unit for each eye.
- a high-resolution image can be displayed even when performing a three-dimensional display using parallax or the like.
- the display unit 8302 is curved in an arc shape centered substantially on the user's eyes.
- the distance from the user's eyes to the display surface of the display unit becomes constant, so that the user can see a more natural image.
- the user's eyes are positioned in the normal direction of the display surface of the display unit, so that the user's eyes are substantially located. Since the influence can be ignored, a more realistic image can be displayed.
- the display module 6000 shown in FIG. 19A has a display device 6006 to which an FPC 6005 is connected, a frame 6009, a printed circuit board 6010, and a battery 6011 between the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002.
- a display device manufactured by using one aspect of the present invention can be used for the display device 6006.
- the display device 6006 it is possible to realize a display module having extremely low power consumption.
- the shape and dimensions of the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 can be appropriately changed according to the size of the display device 6006.
- the display device 6006 may have a function as a touch panel.
- the frame 6009 may have a protective function of the display device 6006, a function of blocking electromagnetic waves generated by the operation of the printed circuit board 6010, a function of a heat sink, and the like.
- the printed circuit board 6010 has a power supply circuit, a signal processing circuit for outputting a video signal and a clock signal, a battery control circuit, and the like.
- FIG. 19B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display module 6000 including an optical touch sensor.
- the display module 6000 has a light emitting unit 6015 and a light receiving unit 6016 provided on the printed circuit board 6010. Further, the area surrounded by the upper cover 6001 and the lower cover 6002 has a pair of light guides (light guide 6017a, light guide 6017b).
- the display device 6006 is provided so as to overlap the printed circuit board 6010 and the battery 6011 with the frame 6009 in between.
- the display device 6006 and the frame 6009 are fixed to the light guide unit 6017a and the light guide unit 6017b.
- the light 6018 emitted from the light emitting unit 6015 passes through the upper part of the display device 6006 by the light guide unit 6017a, passes through the light guide unit 6017b, and reaches the light receiving unit 6016.
- the touch operation can be detected by blocking the light 6018 by a detected object such as a finger or a stylus.
- a plurality of light emitting units 6015 are provided, for example, along two adjacent sides of the display device 6006.
- a plurality of light receiving units 6016 are provided at positions facing the light emitting unit 6015. As a result, it is possible to acquire information on the position where the touch operation is performed.
- the light emitting unit 6015 can use a light source such as an LED element, and it is particularly preferable to use a light source that emits infrared rays.
- a light source such as an LED element
- a photoelectric element that receives the light emitted by the light emitting unit 6015 and converts it into an electric signal can be used.
- a photodiode capable of receiving infrared rays can be used.
- the light emitting unit 6015 and the light receiving unit 6016 can be arranged under the display device 6006 by the light guide unit 6017a and the light receiving unit 6017b that transmit the light 6018, and the external light reaches the light receiving unit 6016 and the touch sensor. Can be suppressed from malfunctioning. In particular, if a resin that absorbs visible light and transmits infrared rays is used, the malfunction of the touch sensor can be suppressed more effectively.
- the electronic device 6500 shown in FIG. 20A is a portable information terminal that can be used as a smartphone.
- the electronic device 6500 has a housing 6501, a display unit 6502, a power button 6503, a button 6504, a speaker 6505, a microphone 6506, a camera 6507, a light source 6508, and the like.
- the display unit 6502 has a touch panel function.
- a display device can be applied to the display unit 6502.
- FIG. 20B is a schematic cross-sectional view including the end portion of the housing 6501 on the microphone 6506 side.
- a translucent protective member 6510 is provided on the display surface side of the housing 6501, and a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, a touch sensor panel 6513, and a print are provided in a space surrounded by the housing 6501 and the protective member 6510.
- a substrate 6517, a battery 6518, and the like are arranged.
- the display panel 6511, the optical member 6512, and the touch sensor panel 6513 are fixed to the protective member 6510 by an adhesive layer (not shown).
- the FPC 6515 is connected to the folded portion.
- the IC6516 is mounted on the FPC6515. Further, the FPC 6515 is connected to a terminal provided on the printed circuit board 6517.
- a flexible display panel can be applied to the display panel 6511. Therefore, an extremely lightweight electronic device can be realized. Further, since the display panel 6511 is extremely thin, it is possible to mount a large-capacity battery 6518 while suppressing the thickness of the electronic device. Further, by folding back a part of the display panel 6511 and arranging the connection portion with the FPC 6515 on the back side of the pixel portion, an electronic device having a narrow frame can be realized.
- the electronic device exemplified below is provided with a display device according to one aspect of the present invention in the display unit. Therefore, it is an electronic device that realizes high resolution. In addition, it is possible to make an electronic device that has both high resolution and a large screen.
- One aspect of the present invention includes a display device and at least one of an antenna, a battery, a housing, a camera, a speaker, a microphone, a touch sensor, and an operation button.
- the electronic device of one aspect of the present invention may have a secondary battery, and it is preferable that the secondary battery can be charged by using non-contact power transmission.
- the secondary battery examples include a lithium ion secondary battery such as a lithium polymer battery (lithium ion polymer battery) using a gel-like electrolyte, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nicad battery, an organic radical battery, a lead storage battery, an air secondary battery, and nickel.
- a lithium ion secondary battery such as a lithium polymer battery (lithium ion polymer battery) using a gel-like electrolyte, a nickel hydrogen battery, a nicad battery, an organic radical battery, a lead storage battery, an air secondary battery, and nickel.
- Examples include zinc batteries and silver-zinc batteries.
- the electronic device of one aspect of the present invention may have an antenna.
- the display unit can display images, information, and the like.
- the antenna may be used for non-contact power transmission.
- An image having a resolution of, for example, full high-definition, 4K2K, 8K4K, 16K8K, or higher can be displayed on the display unit of the electronic device of one aspect of the present invention.
- Electronic devices include, for example, electronic devices with relatively large screens such as television devices, notebook personal computers, monitor devices, digital signage, pachinko machines, and game machines, as well as digital cameras, digital video cameras, and digital photos. Examples include frames, mobile phones, portable game machines, mobile information terminals, sound reproduction devices, and the like.
- An electronic device to which one aspect of the present invention is applied can be incorporated along a flat surface or a curved surface of an inner wall or an outer wall of a building such as a house or a building, or an interior or exterior of an automobile or the like.
- FIG. 21A is a diagram showing the appearance of the camera 8000 with the finder 8100 attached.
- the camera 8000 has a housing 8001, a display unit 8002, an operation button 8003, a shutter button 8004, and the like.
- a detachable lens 8006 is attached to the camera 8000.
- the lens 8006 and the housing may be integrated.
- the camera 8000 can take an image by pressing the shutter button 8004 or touching the display unit 8002 that functions as a touch panel.
- the housing 8001 has a mount having electrodes, and can be connected to a finder 8100, a strobe device, or the like.
- the finder 8100 has a housing 8101, a display unit 8102, a button 8103, and the like.
- the housing 8101 is attached to the camera 8000 by a mount that engages with the mount of the camera 8000.
- the finder 8100 can display an image or the like received from the camera 8000 on the display unit 8102.
- Button 8103 has a function as a power button or the like.
- the display device of one aspect of the present invention can be applied to the display unit 8002 of the camera 8000 and the display unit 8102 of the finder 8100.
- the camera may be a camera 8000 with a built-in finder.
- FIG. 21B is a diagram showing the appearance of an information terminal 5900, which is an example of a wearable terminal.
- the information terminal 5900 has a housing 5901, a display unit 5902, an operation button 5903, an operator 5904, a band 5905, and the like.
- the wearable terminal can display an image with high display quality on the display unit 5902.
- FIG. 21C is a diagram showing the appearance of a portable game machine 5200, which is an example of a game machine.
- the portable game machine 5200 has a housing 5201, a display unit 5202, a button 5203, and the like.
- the video of the portable game machine 5200 can be output by a display device such as a television device, a personal computer display, a game display, or a head mount display.
- a display device such as a television device, a personal computer display, a game display, or a head mount display.
- an image with high display quality can be displayed on the display unit 5202.
- a portable game machine 5200 with low power consumption can be realized. Further, since the heat generation from the circuit can be reduced due to the low power consumption, the influence of the heat generation on the circuit itself, the peripheral circuit, and the module can be reduced.
- FIG. 22A is a diagram showing the appearance of the head-mounted display 8200.
- the head-mounted display 8200 has a mounting unit 8201, a lens 8202, a main body 8203, a display unit 8204, a cable 8205, and the like. Further, the battery 8206 is built in the mounting portion 8201.
- the cable 8205 supplies power from the battery 8206 to the main body 8203.
- the main body 8203 is provided with a wireless receiver or the like, and the received video information can be displayed on the display unit 8204. Further, the main body 8203 is provided with a camera, and information on the movement of the user's eyeball or eyelid can be used as an input means.
- the mounting portion 8201 may be provided with a plurality of electrodes capable of detecting the current flowing with the movement of the user's eyeball at a position touching the user, and may have a function of recognizing the line of sight. Further, it may have a function of monitoring the pulse of the user by the current flowing through the electrode. Further, the mounting unit 8201 may have various sensors such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acceleration sensor, and may have a function of displaying the biometric information of the user on the display unit 8204 and the movement of the user's head. At the same time, it may have a function of changing the image displayed on the display unit 8204.
- a display device can be applied to the display unit 8204.
- the head-mounted display 8300 has a housing 8301, a display unit 8302, a band-shaped fixture 8304, and a pair of lenses 8305.
- the user can visually recognize the display of the display unit 8302 through the lens 8305. It is preferable to arrange the display unit 8302 in a curved manner because the user can feel a high sense of presence. Further, by visually recognizing another image displayed in a different area of the display unit 8302 through the lens 8305, three-dimensional display using parallax or the like can be performed.
- the configuration is not limited to the configuration in which one display unit 8302 is provided, and two display units 8302 may be provided and one display unit may be arranged for one eye of the user.
- the display device of one aspect of the present invention can be applied to the display unit 8302. Since the display device having the semiconductor device of one aspect of the present invention has extremely high definition, even if the display device is magnified by using the lens 8305 as shown in FIG. 22D, the pixels are not visually recognized by the user, and the feeling of reality is increased. It is possible to display high-quality images.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一態様は、第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有する表示装置の作製方法である。表示装置の作製方法は、第1ステップ乃至第12ステップを有する。第1ステップは、第1絶縁体上に第1導電体が形成されるステップを有する。第2ステップは、第1絶縁体上と、第1導電体上と、に第2絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する。第3ステップは、第2絶縁体の、第2絶縁体が第1導電体と重畳する領域において、第1導電体に達する第1開口部が形成されるステップを有する。第4ステップは、第2絶縁体上と、第1開口部の底面に位置する第1導電体上と、に犠牲層が形成されるステップを有する。第5ステップは、犠牲層上にフォトレジストが塗布されるステップを有する。第6ステップは、フォトレジストに対して、露光、及び現像が行われ、フォトレジストの第1導電体に重畳する領域に、犠牲層に達する、逆テーパ構造の第2開口部が形成されるステップを有する。第7ステップは、第2開口部の底面に位置する犠牲層の、第1開口部に重畳する領域と、第2絶縁体に重畳する領域と、において、第1開口部の底面に位置する第1導電体と、第2絶縁体と、に達する第3開口部が形成されるステップを有する。第8ステップは、フォトレジスト上と、犠牲層上と、第1導電体上と、に第1EL層が形成されるステップを有する。第9ステップは、フォトレジストと、犠牲層と、フォトレジスト及び犠牲層のそれぞれの上面に形成された第1EL層が除去される、ステップを有する。第10ステップは、第1EL層上と、第2絶縁体上と、に第2EL層が形成されるステップを有する。第11ステップは、第2EL層上に、第2導電体が形成されるステップを有する。第12ステップは、第2導電体上に、第3絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する。
又は、本発明の一態様は、第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有し、且つ上記(1)とは異なる表示装置の作製方法である。表示装置の作製方法は、第1ステップ乃至第12ステップを有する。第1ステップは、第1絶縁体上に第1導電体が形成されるステップを有する。第2ステップは、第1絶縁体上と、第1導電体上と、に第2絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する。第3ステップは、第2絶縁体の、第2絶縁体が第1導電体と重畳する領域において、第1導電体に達する第1開口部が形成されるステップと、第2絶縁体の、第2絶縁体が第1導電体と重畳せず、且つ第1絶縁体と重畳する領域において、第4開口部が形成されるステップと、を有する。第4ステップは、第2絶縁体上と、第1開口部の底面に位置する第1導電体上と、に犠牲層が形成されるステップを有する。第5ステップは、犠牲層上にフォトレジストが塗布されるステップを有する。第6ステップは、フォトレジストに対して、露光、及び現像が行われ、フォトレジストの第1導電体及び第4開口部に重畳する領域に、逆テーパ構造の第2開口部が形成されるステップを有する。第7ステップは、第2開口部の底面に位置する犠牲層の、第1導電体に重畳する領域と、第2絶縁体に重畳する領域と、において、第1開口部の底面に位置する第1導電体と、第2絶縁体と、に達し、かつ側面が第4開口部の底面、及び/又は側面に重畳する第3開口部が形成されるステップを有する。第8ステップは、フォトレジスト上と、犠牲層上と、第1導電体上と、に第1EL層が形成されるステップを有する。第9ステップは、フォトレジストと、犠牲層と、フォトレジスト及び犠牲層のそれぞれの上面に形成された第1EL層が除去される、ステップを有する。第10ステップは、第1EL層上と、第2絶縁体上と、第4開口部上と、に第2EL層が形成されるステップを有する。第11ステップは、第2EL層上に、第2導電体が形成されるステップを有する。第12ステップは、第2導電体上に、第3絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)、又は(2)において、第1EL層が正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の一方と、発光層と、を有し、第2EL層が正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の他方を有する、作製方法としてもよい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(1)乃至(3)のいずれか一において、第13ステップと、第14ステップと、を有する、表示装置の作製方法としてもよい。特に、第13ステップは、第3絶縁体上に、樹脂層が形成されるステップを有することが好ましく、第14ステップは、樹脂層上に、基板が貼り合わされるステップを有することが好ましい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(4)において、基板が着色層を有する、作製方法としてもよい。特に、第14ステップでは、第1EL層に着色層が重畳する位置で、樹脂層上に、基板が貼り合わされることが好ましい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有する表示装置である。第1導電体は、第1絶縁体上に位置し、第2絶縁体は、第1絶縁体上と、第1導電体上と、に位置している。また、第2絶縁体は、第2絶縁体が第1導電体と重畳する領域に位置する第1導電体に達する第1開口部と、第2絶縁体が第1導電体と重畳せず、且つ第1絶縁体と重畳する領域に位置する第4開口部と、を有する。また、第1EL層は、第2絶縁体上と、第1開口部の底面に位置する第1導電体上と、に位置し、第2EL層は、第1EL層上と、第2絶縁体上と、第4開口部の底面に位置する第1絶縁体の上方と、に位置している。また、第2導電体は、第2EL層上に位置し、第3絶縁体は、第2導電体上に位置している。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(6)において、第1EL層は、正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の一方と、発光層と、を有し、第2EL層は、正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の他方を有する、構成としてもよい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(6)、又は(7)において、樹脂層と、基板と、を有する構成としてもよい。特に、樹脂層は、第3絶縁体上に位置し、基板は、樹脂層上に位置することが好ましい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(8)において、基板は、第1EL層に重畳する位置に着色層を有する構成としてもよい。
又は、本発明の一態様は、上記(6)乃至(9)のいずれか一の表示装置と、筐体と、を有する、電子機器である。
図2A乃至図2Cは、発光デバイスの構成例を示した模式図である。
図3は、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図4は、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図5A乃至図5Eは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図6A乃至図6Eは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図7A乃至図7Eは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図8A乃至図8Dは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図9A乃至図9Cは、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図10A乃至図10Cは、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図11A、及び図11Bは、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図12A乃至図12Eは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図13A乃至図13Dは、表示装置の作製方法の例を示した断面模式図である。
図14A、及び図14Bは、表示装置の構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図15A、及び図15Bは、トランジスタの構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図16A、及び図16Bは、トランジスタの構成例を示した断面模式図である。
図17AはIGZOの結晶構造の分類を説明する図であり、図17Bは結晶性IGZOのXRDスペクトルを説明する図であり、図17Cは結晶性IGZOの極微電子線回折パターンを説明する図である。
図18A乃至図18Fは、電子機器の構成例を示す図である。
図19A及び図19Bは、表示モジュールの構成例を示す図である。
図20A及び図20Bは、電子機器の構成例を示す図である。
図21A乃至図21Cは、電子機器の構成例を示す図である。
図22A乃至図22Dは、電子機器の構成例を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置、及び表示装置の作製方法について説明する。
図1は、本発明の一態様の表示装置の一例を示した断面図である。図1に示す表示装置100は、一例として、基板101上に画素回路、駆動回路などが設けられた構成となっている。
次に、図1に示した表示装置100の作製方法について説明する。
ステップA1では、図5Aに示すとおり、絶縁体111と、絶縁体111上に設けられた導電体121a乃至導電体121cと、絶縁体111上及び導電体121a乃至導電体121c上に設けられた絶縁体112と、が形成された積層体を準備する。なお、絶縁体111の下方には、図1に示すとおり、トランジスタ、配線、層間膜などが設けられているものとする(図5A乃至図8Dには図示しない)。
ステップA2は、図5Aに示した積層体の上部、つまり、絶縁体112上、及び導電体121a乃至導電体121c上に樹脂131_1が塗布されるステップを有する。また、ステップA2は、樹脂131_1が塗布された後に、その樹脂131_1の硬化条件に従って、樹脂131_1を硬化させるステップを有する(図5B参照)。
ステップA3は、図5Bに示した積層体の上部に樹脂132_1が塗布されるステップを有する(図5C参照)。また、樹脂132_1としては、例えば、フォトレジストとすることが好ましい。なお、フォトレジストは、ネガ型としてもよいし、ポジ型としてもよい。なお、本作製方法では、樹脂132_1をネガ型のフォトレジストとして説明する。
ステップA4は、図5Cに示した樹脂132_1に対して、露光工程、及び現像工程が行われるステップを有する。
ステップA5は、図5Dに示した樹脂131_1に対して、開口部が形成されるステップを有する。
ステップA6は、図6Aに示した積層体の上部、つまり、導電体121a上、絶縁体112上、樹脂131_1上、樹脂132_1上にEL層141Aが成膜されるステップを有する(図6B参照)。
ステップA7は、図6Bに示した積層体において、樹脂131_1、及び樹脂132_1が除去されるステップを有する(図6C参照)。
ステップA8は、図6Cに示した積層体の上部、つまり、絶縁体112上、導電体121b上、導電体121c上、及びEL層141a上に樹脂131_2が塗布されるステップを有する。また、樹脂131_2が塗布された後は、その樹脂131_2の硬化条件に従って、樹脂131_2を硬化させる(図6D参照)。
ステップA9では、図6Dに示した積層体の上部に樹脂132_2が塗布される(図6E参照)。また、樹脂132_2としては、例えば、樹脂132_1と同様に、ネガ型のフォトレジストとすることが好ましい。又は、場合によっては、樹脂132_2は、ポジ型のフォトレジストとしてもよい。
ステップA10は、ステップA4と同様に、図6Eに示した樹脂132_2に対して、露光工程、及び現像工程が行われるステップを有する。そのため、ステップA10の説明については、ステップA4の記載を参酌する。
ステップA11は、ステップA5と同様に、図7Aに示した樹脂132_1に対して、開口部が形成されるステップを有する。そのため、ステップA11の説明については、ステップA5の記載を参酌する。
ステップA12は、図7Bに示した積層体の上部、つまり、導電体121b上、絶縁体112上、樹脂131_2上、樹脂132_2上にEL層141Bが成膜されるステップを有する(図7C参照)。
ステップA13は、ステップA7と同様に、図7Cに示した積層体において、樹脂131_2、及び樹脂132_2が除去されるステップを有する(図7D参照)。そのため、ステップA13の説明については、ステップA7の記載を参酌する。
ステップA14は、ステップA2乃至ステップA7、又はステップA8乃至ステップA13と同様の作製工程が行われて、導電体121c上、及び絶縁体112上の一部にEL層141cが形成されるステップを有する(図7E参照)。
ステップA15は、図7Eに示した積層体の上部、つまり、絶縁体112上、EL層141a上、EL層141b上、及びEL層141c上にEL層142が形成されるステップを有する(図8A参照)。
ステップA16は、図8Aに示した積層体の上部に、導電体122が形成されるステップを有する(図8B参照)。
ステップA17は、図8Bに示した積層体の上部に、絶縁体113が形成されるステップを有する(図8C参照)。
ステップA18は、図8Cに示した積層体の上部に、樹脂層161が塗布されるステップを有する。また、ステップA18は、その後に、当該積層体の樹脂層161上に基板102の貼り合わせが行われるステップを有する(図8D参照)。
次に、図5A乃至図8Dに示した表示装置100の作製方法とは異なる、本発明の一態様の表示装置の作製方法について説明する。なお、当該作製方法によって完成された表示装置も本発明の一態様である。
ステップB1では、図12Aに示すとおり、絶縁体111と、絶縁体111上に設けられた導電体121a乃至導電体121cと、絶縁体111上及び導電体121a乃至導電体121c上に設けられた絶縁体112と、が形成された積層体を準備する。なお、図12Aに示す積層体は、絶縁体112に、絶縁体112の導電体121a乃至導電体121cと重畳しない領域において開口部KKBが形成されている点で、図5Aに示す積層体と異なっている。なお、絶縁体111の下方には、図5A乃至図8Dの作製例と同様に、図1に示すとおり、トランジスタ、配線、層間膜などが設けられているものとする(図12A乃至図13Dには図示しない)。
ステップB2では、図5BのステップA2、及び図5CのステップA3と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図12Aに示した積層体の上部、つまり、絶縁体111上、絶縁体112上、及び導電体121a乃至導電体121c上に、樹脂131_1と、樹脂132_1と、が順に形成される(図12B参照)。
ステップB3では、図5DのステップA4、及び図6AのステップA5と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図12Bに示した積層体において、樹脂132_1に第2開口部が形成され、樹脂131_1に第3開口部が形成される(図12C参照)。
ステップB4では、図6BのステップA6と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図12Cに示した積層体の上部、つまり、絶縁体111上、導電体121a上、絶縁体112上、樹脂131_1上、樹脂132_1上にEL層141Aが成膜される(図12E参照)。
ステップB5では、図6CのステップA7と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図12Eに示した積層体において、樹脂131_1、及び樹脂132_1が除去される(図13A参照)。
ステップB6では、ステップA8乃至ステップA14と同様の工程が行われる。これにより、絶縁体112上の一部、及び導電体121b上に、EL層141bが形成される。また、このとき、場合によっては、絶縁体111上にもEL層141bが形成される場合がある。また、同様に、絶縁体112上の一部、及び導電体121c上に、EL層141cが形成される(図13B参照)。また、このとき、場合によっては、絶縁体111上にもEL層141cが形成される場合がある。
ステップB7では、ステップA15乃至ステップA17と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図13Bに示した積層体において、EL層142、導電体122、絶縁体113が順に形成される(図13C参照)。
ステップB8では、ステップA18と同様の工程が行われる。つまり、図13Cに示した積層体において、樹脂層161を介して、基板102が貼り合わされる(図13D参照)。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した表示装置に備えることができるOSトランジスタについて説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記の実施の形態で説明したOSトランジスタに用いることができる金属酸化物(以下、酸化物半導体ともいう。)について説明する。
まず、酸化物半導体における、結晶構造の分類について、図17Aを用いて説明を行う。図17Aは、酸化物半導体、代表的にはIGZO(Inと、Gaと、Znと、を含む金属酸化物)の結晶構造の分類を説明する図である。
なお、酸化物半導体は、結晶構造に着目した場合、図17Aとは異なる分類となる場合がある。例えば、酸化物半導体は、単結晶酸化物半導体と、それ以外の非単結晶酸化物半導体と、に分けられる。非単結晶酸化物半導体としては、例えば、上述のCAAC−OS、及びnc−OSがある。また、非単結晶酸化物半導体には、多結晶酸化物半導体、擬似非晶質酸化物半導体(a−like OS:amorphous−like oxide semiconductor)、非晶質酸化物半導体、などが含まれる。
CAAC−OSは、複数の結晶領域を有し、当該複数の結晶領域はc軸が特定の方向に配向している酸化物半導体である。なお、特定の方向とは、CAAC−OS膜の厚さ方向、CAAC−OS膜の被形成面の法線方向、またはCAAC−OS膜の表面の法線方向である。また、結晶領域とは、原子配列に周期性を有する領域である。なお、原子配列を格子配列とみなすと、結晶領域とは、格子配列の揃った領域でもある。さらに、CAAC−OSは、a−b面方向において複数の結晶領域が連結する領域を有し、当該領域は歪みを有する場合がある。なお、歪みとは、複数の結晶領域が連結する領域において、格子配列の揃った領域と、別の格子配列の揃った領域と、の間で格子配列の向きが変化している箇所を指す。つまり、CAAC−OSは、c軸配向し、a−b面方向には明らかな配向をしていない酸化物半導体である。
nc−OSは、微小な領域(例えば、1nm以上10nm以下の領域、特に1nm以上3nm以下の領域)において原子配列に周期性を有する。別言すると、nc−OSは、微小な結晶を有する。なお、当該微小な結晶の大きさは、例えば、1nm以上10nm以下、特に1nm以上3nm以下であることから、当該微小な結晶をナノ結晶ともいう。また、nc−OSは、異なるナノ結晶間で結晶方位に規則性が見られない。そのため、膜全体で配向性が見られない。したがって、nc−OSは、分析方法によっては、a−like OS、及び非晶質酸化物半導体と区別が付かない場合がある。例えば、nc−OS膜に対し、XRD装置を用いて構造解析を行うと、θ/2θスキャンを用いたOut−of−plane XRD測定では、結晶性を示すピークが検出されない。また、nc−OS膜に対し、ナノ結晶よりも大きいプローブ径(例えば50nm以上)の電子線を用いる電子線回折(制限視野電子線回折ともいう。)を行うと、ハローパターンのような回折パターンが観測される。一方、nc−OS膜に対し、ナノ結晶の大きさと近いかナノ結晶より小さいプローブ径(例えば1nm以上30nm以下)の電子線を用いる電子線回折(ナノビーム電子線回折ともいう。)を行うと、ダイレクトスポットを中心とするリング状の領域内に複数のスポットが観測される電子線回折パターンが取得される場合がある。
a−like OSは、nc−OSと非晶質酸化物半導体との間の構造を有する酸化物半導体である。a−like OSは、鬆又は低密度領域を有する。即ち、a−like OSは、nc−OS及びCAAC−OSと比べて、結晶性が低い。また、a−like OSは、nc−OS及びCAAC−OSと比べて、膜中の水素濃度が高い。
次に、上述のCAC−OSの詳細について、説明を行う。なお、CAC−OSは材料構成に関する。
CAC−OSとは、例えば、金属酸化物を構成する元素が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上3nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで偏在した材料の一構成である。なお、以下では、金属酸化物において、一つまたは複数の金属元素が偏在し、該金属元素を有する領域が、0.5nm以上10nm以下、好ましくは、1nm以上3nm以下、またはその近傍のサイズで混合した状態をモザイク状、またはパッチ状ともいう。
続いて、上記酸化物半導体をトランジスタに用いる場合について説明する。
ここで、酸化物半導体中における各不純物の影響について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の電子機器の一例として、表示装置が適用されたヘッドマウントディスプレイの例について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置を用いて作製することができる表示モジュールについて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の表示装置を適用可能な、電子機器の例について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様を用いて作製された表示装置を備える電子機器について説明する。
Claims (10)
- 第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有する表示装置の作製方法であって、
第1ステップ乃至第12ステップを有し、
前記第1ステップは、前記第1絶縁体上に前記第1導電体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第2ステップは、前記第1絶縁体上と、前記第1導電体上と、に前記第2絶縁体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第3ステップは、前記第2絶縁体の、前記第2絶縁体が前記第1導電体と重畳する領域において、前記第1導電体に達する第1開口部が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第4ステップは、前記第2絶縁体上と、前記第1開口部の底面に位置する前記第1導電体上と、に犠牲層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第5ステップは、前記犠牲層上にフォトレジストが塗布されるステップを有し、
前記第6ステップは、前記フォトレジストに対して、露光、及び現像が行われ、前記フォトレジストの前記第1導電体に重畳する領域に、前記犠牲層に達する、逆テーパ構造の第2開口部が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第7ステップは、前記第2開口部の底面に位置する前記犠牲層の、前記第1開口部に重畳する領域と前記第2絶縁体に重畳する領域と、において、前記第1開口部の底面に位置する前記第1導電体と、前記第2絶縁体と、に達する第3開口部が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第8ステップは、前記フォトレジスト上と、前記犠牲層上と、前記第1導電体上と、に前記第1EL層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第9ステップは、前記フォトレジストと、前記犠牲層と、前記フォトレジスト及び前記犠牲層のそれぞれの上面に形成された前記第1EL層が除去される、ステップを有し、
前記第10ステップは、前記第1EL層上と、前記第2絶縁体上と、に前記第2EL層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第11ステップは、前記第2EL層上に、前記第2導電体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第12ステップは、前記第2導電体上に、前記第3絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する、
表示装置の作製方法。 - 第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有する表示装置の作製方法であって、
第1ステップ乃至第12ステップを有し、
前記第1ステップは、前記第1絶縁体上に前記第1導電体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第2ステップは、前記第1絶縁体上と、前記第1導電体上と、に前記第2絶縁体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第3ステップは、
前記第2絶縁体の、前記第2絶縁体が前記第1導電体と重畳する領域において、前記第1導電体に達する第1開口部が形成されるステップと、
前記第2絶縁体の、前記第2絶縁体が前記第1導電体と重畳せず、且つ前記第1絶縁体と重畳する領域において、第4開口部が形成されるステップと、を有し、
前記第4ステップは、前記第2絶縁体上と、前記第1開口部の底面に位置する前記第1導電体上と、に犠牲層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第5ステップは、前記犠牲層上にフォトレジストが塗布されるステップを有し、
前記第6ステップは、前記フォトレジストに対して、露光、及び現像が行われ、前記フォトレジストの前記第1導電体及び前記第4開口部に重畳する領域に、前記犠牲層に達する、逆テーパ構造の第2開口部が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第7ステップは、前記第2開口部の底面に位置する前記犠牲層の、前記第1導電体に重畳する領域と、前記第2絶縁体に重畳する領域と、において、前記第1開口部の底面に位置する前記第1導電体と、前記第2絶縁体と、に達し、かつ側面が前記第4開口部の底面、及び/又は側面に重畳する第3開口部が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第8ステップは、前記フォトレジスト上と、前記犠牲層上と、前記第1導電体上と、に前記第1EL層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第9ステップは、前記フォトレジストと、前記犠牲層と、前記フォトレジスト及び前記犠牲層のそれぞれの上面に形成された前記第1EL層が除去される、ステップを有し、
前記第10ステップは、前記第1EL層上と、前記第2絶縁体上と、前記第4開口部上と、に前記第2EL層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第11ステップは、前記第2EL層上に、前記第2導電体が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第12ステップは、前記第2導電体上に、前記第3絶縁体が形成されるステップを有する、
表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項1、又は請求項2において、
前記第1EL層は、正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の一方と、発光層と、を有し、
前記第2EL層は、前記正孔輸送層又は前記電子輸送層の他方を有する、
表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一において、
第13ステップと、第14ステップと、を有し、
前記第13ステップは、前記第3絶縁体上に、樹脂層が形成されるステップを有し、
前記第14ステップは、前記樹脂層上に、基板が貼り合わされるステップを有する、
表示装置の作製方法。 - 請求項4において、
前記基板は、着色層を有し、
前記第14ステップでは、前記第1EL層に前記着色層が重畳する位置で、前記樹脂層上に、前記基板が貼り合わされる、
表示装置の作製方法。 - 第1絶縁体と、第2絶縁体と、第3絶縁体と、第1導電体と、第2導電体と、第1EL層と、第2EL層と、を有し、
前記第1導電体は、前記第1絶縁体上に位置し、
前記第2絶縁体は、前記第1絶縁体上と、前記第1導電体上と、に位置し、
前記第2絶縁体は、
前記第2絶縁体が前記第1導電体と重畳する領域に位置する前記第1導電体に達する第1開口部と、
前記第2絶縁体が前記第1導電体と重畳せず、且つ前記第1絶縁体と重畳する領域に位置する第4開口部と、を有し、
前記第1EL層は、前記第2絶縁体上と、前記第1開口部の底面に位置する前記第1導電体上と、に位置し、
前記第2EL層は、前記第1EL層上と、前記第2絶縁体上と、前記第4開口部の底面に位置する前記第1絶縁体の上方と、に位置し、
前記第2導電体は、前記第2EL層上に位置し、
前記第3絶縁体は、前記第2導電体上に位置する、
表示装置。 - 請求項6において、
前記第1EL層は、正孔輸送層又は電子輸送層の一方と、発光層と、を有し、
前記第2EL層は、前記正孔輸送層又は前記電子輸送層の他方を有する、
表示装置。 - 請求項6、又は請求項7において、
樹脂層と、基板と、を有し、
前記樹脂層は、前記第3絶縁体上に位置し、
前記基板は、前記樹脂層上に位置する、
表示装置。 - 請求項8において、
前記基板は、前記第1EL層に重畳する位置に着色層を有する、
表示装置。 - 請求項6乃至請求項9のいずれか一の表示装置と、筐体と、を有する、
電子機器。
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CN202180082270.XA CN116635760A (zh) | 2020-12-25 | 2021-12-14 | 显示装置、电子设备及显示装置的制造方法 |
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WO2019220278A1 (ja) | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 表示装置、及び電子機器 |
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- 2021-12-14 CN CN202180082270.XA patent/CN116635760A/zh active Pending
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JP2018081903A (ja) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-24 | 三星ディスプレイ株式會社Samsung Display Co.,Ltd. | 有機発光表示装置及びその製造方法 |
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CN116635760A (zh) | 2023-08-22 |
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