WO2022097739A1 - 合わせパネル用中間膜構成体、及び合わせパネル構成体 - Google Patents
合わせパネル用中間膜構成体、及び合わせパネル構成体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022097739A1 WO2022097739A1 PCT/JP2021/040883 JP2021040883W WO2022097739A1 WO 2022097739 A1 WO2022097739 A1 WO 2022097739A1 JP 2021040883 W JP2021040883 W JP 2021040883W WO 2022097739 A1 WO2022097739 A1 WO 2022097739A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- light control
- light
- laminated panel
- interlayer film
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film structure for a laminated panel used by being sandwiched between two transparent panels, and a laminated panel structure including an interlayer film structure for a laminated panel.
- a windshield equipped with an electrically controllable sun visor has been conventionally studied.
- a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film or the like is used for the sun visor.
- the application of dimming films is being considered.
- the PDLC film when a voltage is not applied, the liquid crystals are irregularly oriented to cause strong light scattering, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystals are aligned and have high light transmittance. Therefore, by arranging it on the upper part of the windshield, it can be used as an alternative to the mechanical sun visor.
- a light control film such as PDLC to the roof glass as an alternative to the mechanical shade.
- PDLC has insufficient control of the amount of heat rays flowing into the vehicle, and cannot sufficiently enhance the heat shielding property in combination with colorless or light-colored glass or laminated glass.
- heat-shielding properties can be ensured, but as described above, sufficient openness cannot be obtained, or sufficient light transmission is sufficient even when PDLC is in the light transmission mode. Sometimes I can't get sex.
- the present invention provides an interlayer film structure for a laminated panel, which can appropriately prevent the inflow of heat rays, provide a sufficient feeling of openness, and obtain sufficient light transmission in the light transmission mode. Is the subject.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [35].
- An interlayer film structure for a laminated panel comprising an adjustable second light control film, wherein the first and second light control films are arranged in the thickness direction.
- the first light control film is set as a light transmittance mode.
- the laminated panel according to any one of the above [1] to [5], wherein the measured visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 1% or less and 10% or more by the second light control film.
- Membrane construct In a laminated panel structure obtained by adhering two 2.5 mm-thick clear glasses via the laminated panel interlayer film structure, the first light control film is set as a light transmittance mode.
- the first light control film is set as a light transmission mode.
- the first and second light control films have the one of the above [1] to [8], wherein the peripheral edges thereof are arranged on the inner peripheral side by 10 mm or more from the peripheral edge of the transparent panel.
- a touch sensor for controlling at least one of the first and second photochromic films is provided inside the interlayer film structure for a mating panel.
- the first light control film has a visible light transmittance of 0% or more and 40% or less and a haze value of 70% or more and 100% or less in a light scattering mode [1] to [15].
- the second light control film can switch between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode, and in the light transmission mode, the visible light transmittance is 25% or more and 100% or less, and the haze value is 0%.
- the interlayer film composition for a laminated panel according to any one of the above [1] to [16] which is 30% or less.
- the second light control film is switchable between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode, and has a visible light transmittance of less than 25% and a haze value of less than 60% in the light shielding mode.
- thermoplastic resin in the internal transparent adhesive layer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin-based resin, cyclic olefin-based resin, and polyvinyl acetal-based resin.
- the interlayer film composition for a laminated panel according to the above [19] which is two or more types.
- thermoplastic resin in the surface transparent adhesive layer One selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, a polyolefin-based resin, a cyclic olefin-based resin, and a polyvinyl acetal-based resin as the thermoplastic resin in the surface transparent adhesive layer.
- the interlayer film composition for a laminated panel according to the above [21] which is two or more types.
- any of the above [5] to [22] wherein the surface transparent adhesive layer, the first light control film, the internal transparent adhesive layer, the second light control film, and the surface transparent adhesive layer are provided in this order.
- the thermoplastic resin in the encapsulant is one selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin-based resin, cyclic olefin-based resin, and polyvinyl acetal-based resin.
- the interlayer film construct for a laminated panel according to the above [24] which is two or more types.
- the first light control film is set to a light scattering mode.
- the first light control film is set to a light scattering mode.
- the first light control film includes two base films and a light control layer arranged between the two base films.
- the second light control film includes two base films and a light control layer arranged between the two base films.
- the interlayer film structure for a laminated panel according to any one of the above [1] to [29] and two transparent panels are provided.
- a sufficient feeling of openness can be obtained while appropriately preventing the inflow of heat rays, and sufficient light transmission can be obtained in the light transmission mode.
- the interlayer film structure for laminated panels of the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as "intermediate film structure") is used by being sandwiched between two transparent panels, and is the first to be arranged in the thickness direction. And a second dimming film.
- the first light control film is a light control film capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering
- the second light control film is a light control film whose visible light transmittance can be adjusted.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention can appropriately prevent the inflow of heat rays by appropriately combining the modes of the first and second light control films to block light.
- the second light control film adjusts the transmittance of visible light according to the external situation to increase the light transmission. Since it is possible to obtain a feeling of openness while suppressing light transmittance, it is possible to provide a laminated panel configuration that fully meets the needs of the user.
- the first light control film is a light control body capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering.
- the first light control film has a high visible light transmittance in the light transmission mode.
- the light scattering mode has a high haze value, and the visible light transmittance is lower than that of the light transmission mode.
- the light transmission mode and the light scattering mode are switched depending on whether or not a voltage is applied.
- the first light control film it is preferable to use a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film.
- PDLC polymer-dispersed liquid crystal
- PNLC polymer network type liquid crystal display
- the first light control film includes, for example, two base films and a light control layer arranged between the two base films.
- polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, acrylic resin, cellulose derivative such as triacetylcellol (TAC), polyether sulfone (PES) resin, polyimide resin and the like are used as resin components.
- TAC triacetylcellol
- PES polyether sulfone
- polyimide resin polyimide resin and the like
- the resin film to be used is mentioned. Among these, a polyester resin film is preferable from the viewpoint of handleability and the like, and a polyethylene terephthalate film is more preferable.
- each of the two base films is provided with an electrode layer on the surface on the light control layer side.
- the electrode layer any conventionally known transparent electrode material can be used without particular limitation.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- tin oxide conductive film tin oxide conductive film
- zinc oxide conductive film tin oxide conductive film
- polymer conductive film examples include membranes.
- An extraction electrode is connected to the electrode layer, and a voltage may be applied between the electrode layers via the extraction electrode.
- the light control layer in the first light control film is, for example, a liquid crystal layer, and when the first light control film is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, the liquid crystal layer is composed of a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). Will be done.
- the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal include a so-called network-type liquid crystal in which a network structure is formed by a polymer in a liquid crystal layer.
- the liquid crystal layer for example, a space for filling the liquid crystal inside is formed by a spacer or the like, and the space is filled and sealed with the liquid crystal, but the spacer may be omitted.
- the liquid crystal may be of any type, and may be a TN type or an STN type.
- an alignment film may be appropriately provided between the dimming layer and the electrode layer. By providing the alignment film, the first light control film can be of the reverse type described later.
- the first light control film when a voltage is applied between the electrode layers, the orientation state of the liquid crystal layer changes, and light transmission and light scattering are switched.
- the first light control film may be either a normal type or a reverse type.
- the normal type is a type in which a transmission state occurs when a voltage is applied (voltage ON), and a scattering state occurs when a voltage is not applied (voltage OFF).
- the reverse type is a type in which a transmission state is established when a voltage is not applied, and a scattering state is achieved when a voltage is applied.
- the first light control film has a high visible light transmittance and a small haze value in the light transmission mode.
- the specific visible light transmittance of the first light control film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 75% or more.
- the haze value of the first light control film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.
- the visible light transmittance of the first light control film in the light transmission mode may be 100% or less, but practically 99% or less, and the haze value may be 0% or more. However, in practice, it is, for example, 1% or more.
- the haze value of the first light control film is, for example, 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more.
- the visible light transmittance of the first light control film is lower than that in the light transmission mode, for example, 40% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.
- the haze value of the first light control film in the light scattering mode may be 100% or less, but practically it is about 99% or less. Further, the visible light transmittance may be 0% or more, but practically, it is about 1% or more.
- the first light control film may be in either a light scattering mode or a light transmitting mode in a state where no voltage is applied, and may be within the range of the haze value and the visible light transmittance described above in that mode. Further, the first light control film is the other of the light scattering mode and the light transmittance mode in a state where a voltage is applied, and the haze value and the visible light transmittance described above may be obtained in that mode, but the applied voltage.
- the value is not limited, and the haze value and the visible light transmittance may be obtained at any voltage value. The same applies to the light transmission mode and the light shading mode of the second light control film, which will be described later.
- the thickness of the first light control film is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.05 mm or more and 2 mm or less, preferably 0.1 mm or more and 1 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less.
- a commercially available product can be used as the first light control film. Specifically, the normal type of the "LC MAGIC" series manufactured by Letterpress Printing Co., Ltd.
- the second dimming film is a dimming body whose visible light transmittance can be adjusted.
- the second light control film may be switched between a light transmission mode having a high visible light transmittance and a light shielding mode having a low visible light transmittance.
- the second light control film does not cause much light scattering even in the light shielding mode, and the haze value is not so high, and the haze value is higher than the haze value of the first light control film in the above-mentioned light scattering mode. It gets lower.
- the second light control film examples include an electrochromic film, an SPD film, and an electrophoresis film device, and among these, the SPD film is preferable.
- the visible light transmittance can be reduced without causing much light scattering. Therefore, if the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode and the second light control film is set to the light shielding mode, the light transmittance can be suppressed so as not to completely block light while suppressing light scattering. When used for such purposes, it becomes easier to obtain a feeling of openness while preventing the transmission of heat rays to a certain extent.
- the second light control film includes, for example, two base films and a light control layer arranged between the two base films.
- the base film include a resin film, and the resin used for the resin film is as described in the first dimming film.
- a polyester resin film is preferable, and polyethylene is particularly preferable.
- a terephthalate film is more preferable. Therefore, the base film of the first and second photochromic films is preferably a polyester resin film, and more preferably a polyethylene terephthalate film.
- the electrode layer is provided on the surface on the light control layer side of each of the two base films.
- the electrode layer any conventionally known transparent electrode material can be used.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- tin oxide conductive film tin oxide conductive film
- zinc oxide conductive film tin oxide conductive film
- polymer conductive film can be used. And so on.
- An extraction electrode is connected to the electrode layer, and a voltage may be applied between the electrode layers via the extraction electrode.
- the light control layer is a layer containing a resin matrix and a light adjustment suspension dispersed in the resin matrix.
- the resin matrix is composed of a polymer medium
- the light-adjusting suspension is one in which the light-adjusting particles are dispersed in the dispersion medium in a state in which the light-adjusting particles can flow.
- the polymer medium and the dispersion medium those in which the polymer medium and its cured product and the dispersion medium can be phase-separated from each other at least when they are formed into a film are used. It is preferable to use a polymer medium that is incompatible with or partially compatible with each other and a dispersion medium in combination.
- the polymer medium examples include a resin having a substituent having an ethylenically unsaturated bond and a photopolymerization initiator, and can be cured by irradiating with energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, visible light, and electron beams.
- a resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond a silicone resin, an acrylic resin, a polyester resin and the like are preferable.
- an organic solvent-soluble resin or a thermoplastic resin such as polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid is also used as a constituent material of a polymer medium. can do.
- an additive such as a coloring inhibitor such as dibutyl tin dilaurate may be added to the polymer medium as needed.
- the polymer medium may contain a solvent.
- the dispersion medium in the light-adjusted suspension plays the role of a dispersion medium in the light-adjusted suspension, and is selectively adhered to and coated on the light-adjusted particles to be photo-adjusted during phase separation from the polymer medium. It is preferable to use a liquid copolymer that acts to move the particles to the phase-separated droplet phase, has no electrical conductivity, and has no affinity for the polymer medium.
- liquid copolymer for example, a (meth) acrylic acid ester oligomer having a fluoro group and / or a hydroxyl group is preferable, and a (meth) acrylic acid ester oligomer having a fluoro group and a hydroxyl group is more preferable.
- the light-adjusting suspension used in the present invention is one in which light-adjusting particles are fluidly dispersed in a dispersion medium.
- the light adjusting particles for example, polyiodide crystals are used, and needle-like small crystals of polyiodide are preferably used.
- the light adjusting particles when a voltage is applied between the two electrodes, the light adjusting particles are oriented in the thickness direction, whereby the light transmittance, for example, the transmittance in a specific wavelength region may be increased.
- a primer layer may be appropriately provided between the light control layer and the electrode layer.
- the light transmission is low and the light shielding mode is set.
- a voltage between the electrode layers for example, the transmittance in a specific wavelength range is increased, whereby the light shielding mode can be switched to the light transmission mode.
- the color tone of the SPD film may change when it is irradiated with visible light as the visible light transmittance changes.
- the SPD film is colorless and transparent when a voltage is applied, but is not applied with a voltage. Sometimes it is possible to have a color tone such as blue.
- the magnitude of the voltage value applied between the electrodes is changed, the magnitude of the visible light transmittance in the light transmittance mode also changes.
- the light control layer may contain an electrochromic material.
- the electrochromic material is not limited as long as it is a compound having electrochromic properties, and may be any of an inorganic compound, an organic compound, and a mixed valence complex.
- the inorganic compound include Mo 2 O 3 , Ir 2 O 3 , NiO, V 2 O 5 , WO 3 , TiO 2 , and the like, with WO 3 being preferred.
- Examples of the organic compound include polypyrrole compounds, polythiophene compounds, polyparaphenylene vinylene compounds, polyaniline compounds, polyacetylene compounds, polyethylenedioxythiophene compounds, metal phthalocyanine compounds, viologen compounds, viologen salt compounds, ferrocene compounds, and dimethyl terephthalate compounds. Examples thereof include a diethyl terephthalate compound, and among them, a polyacetylene compound is preferable.
- Examples of the mixed valence complex include a Prussian blue type complex (KFe [Fe (CN) 6 ] and the like).
- the transmittance in a specific wavelength range changes, so that the dimming body changes from a state where the visible light transmittance is high (light transmission mode) to visible light.
- the transmittance is low (light shielding mode).
- the color tone when irradiated with visible light may also change, for example, it is colorless and transparent when no voltage is applied, while blue, yellow, green, red, etc. when a voltage is applied. It is also possible to have a color tone.
- the electrophoresis film device is, for example, one having an electrophoresis unit between a substrate having two electrode layers.
- the electrophoresis unit includes, for example, an electrophoretic particle and a dispersant for dispersing the electrophoretic particle.
- the visible light transmittance is high (light transmittance mode) and the visible light transmittance is low (light shielding mode). It can be changed.
- Specific examples of the electrophoretic film device are described in detail in US Patent Publication No. 2016/0124284 and the like.
- the second light control film has a visible light transmittance of a certain value or more and a haze value of a small value.
- the specific visible light transmittance of the second light control film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 25% or more, preferably 30% or more, and more preferably 40% or more.
- the light transmittance of the laminated panel structure can be increased by setting both the first and second light control films to the light transmission mode, for example, the window glass of an automobile, in particular. When used for roof glass, a sufficient sense of openness can be obtained, and the outside can be observed with high visibility.
- the haze value of the second light control film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.
- the visible light transmittance of the second light control film in the light transmission mode may be 100% or less, but may be practically 70% or less, and the haze value may be 0% or more. However, it is practically 1% or more.
- the haze value of the second light control film is, for example, less than 60%, preferably less than 50%, and more preferably less than 40%. If the haze value can be lowered in this way in the light shielding mode, the straightness of the transmitted light can be ensured while improving the shielding property. Therefore, when the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode and the second light control film is set to the light shielding mode, a certain sense of openness can be ensured while appropriately preventing the inflow of heat rays.
- the haze value of the second light control film in the light shielding mode is not particularly limited, but is generally higher than the haze value of the second light control film in the light transmission mode.
- the visible light transmittance of the second light control film is lower than that in the light transmitting mode, for example, less than 25%, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.
- the visible light transmittance of the second light control film in the light shielding mode can be set by setting the second light control film as the light shielding mode and the first light control film as the light transmission mode during the daytime. It is more preferably 5% or less from the viewpoint of ensuring a feeling of openness to the outside while avoiding the glare of the sunlight.
- the visible light transmittance of the second light control film in the light shielding mode is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.5% or more, and may be 1% or more.
- the thickness of the second light control film is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.05 mm or more and 2 mm or less, preferably 0.1 mm or more and 1 mm or less, and more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.8 mm or less.
- a commercially available product can be used as the second light control film.
- the Light type of "LCF-1103DHA” manufactured by Hitachi Kasei Co., Ltd. [Light transmission mode: visible light transmission rate 45 to 65% (50 to 100V), haze value 6%, light shielding mode: Visible light transmission rate 3% (catalog value)]
- Dark type [light transmission mode: visible light transmission rate 30 to 53% (50 to 100V), haze value 6%, light shielding mode: visible light transmission rate 1% (catalog) Value)] and so on.
- the SPD film "SPD” manufactured by Gauzy can be mentioned.
- Ynvisible's electrochromic film and Signify's "E-Skin” as an electrophoresis film device can be mentioned.
- the laminated panel structure of the present invention is used for, for example, various windowpanes, and may be used as a member for partitioning indoors and outdoors, but the second dimming film is the first dimming. It is preferably arranged on the outdoor side of the film.
- the second light control film When the second light control film is arranged on the outdoor side, external light such as sunlight incident from the outside to the inside is shielded by the second light control film, such as a PDLC film constituting the first light control film. The amount of light applied to the film is reduced. Therefore, the durability of the first light control film such as the PDLC film having low light resistance becomes good, and the durability of the entire interlayer film structure also improves.
- the interlayer film structure may include a switch member.
- the switch member is a member for controlling the first and second dimming films.
- the switch member may control whether or not a voltage is applied between the electrode layers of the first light control film by the switch input. Thereby, the switch member can switch between the light transmission mode and the light scattering mode of the first light control film.
- the switch member may control whether or not a voltage is applied between the electrode layers of the second light control film. Thereby, the switch member can switch between the light transmission mode and the light shielding mode of the second light control film.
- the switch member for controlling the second light control film may be the same as the switch member for controlling the first light control film, but may be different. Further, it is preferable that the switch member can also change the voltage value applied between the electrode layers of the second light control film. In such a configuration, for example, when an SPD film is used as the second light control film, the visible light transmittance in the light transmission mode is increased by changing the magnitude of the voltage value applied between the electrodes by the switch member. The size can be adjusted.
- the switch member may be arranged outside the interlayer film structure, but is preferably composed of a touch sensor arranged inside the interlayer film structure. Therefore, it is preferable that at least one of the first and second photochromic films is controlled by the touch sensor. The details of the touch sensor will be described later.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention includes a transparent adhesive layer (hereinafter, also referred to as an internal transparent adhesive layer) arranged between the first light control film and the second light control film, and the first and second light control films are provided. It is preferable that the light control film of No. 1 is adhered via the internal transparent adhesive layer. That is, it is preferable that the interlayer film structure includes the first light control film, the internal transparent adhesive layer, and the second light control film in this order.
- a transparent adhesive layer hereinafter, also referred to as an internal transparent adhesive layer
- the interlayer film structure includes the first light control film, the internal transparent adhesive layer, and the second light control film in this order.
- the base film of the first light control film and the base film of the second light control film may be bonded via the internal transparent adhesive layer.
- the base film of the light control film has a relatively high melting point, and therefore it is difficult to directly bond the first and second light control films by thermocompression bonding or the like. It is easily integrated and can be easily incorporated into the multilayer structure of the interlayer film structure. Further, from the viewpoint of ease of manufacture and the like, it is preferable that the first and second light control films are bonded by thermocompression bonding via an internal transparent adhesive layer.
- the internal transparent adhesive layer has transparency and high visible light transmittance. Therefore, by providing the internal transparent adhesive layer, the optical properties such as the light transmittance of the interlayer film structure are not impaired.
- the first and second light control films are preferably thermocompression-bonded via an internal transparent adhesive layer under the condition of 100 ° C. or lower to be integrated, and two transparent panels are formed into an interlayer film structure. It is more preferable that the composite is integrated by thermocompression bonding via an internal transparent adhesive layer under the condition of 100 ° C. or lower before forming the laminated panel structure.
- thermocompression bonding the first and second light control films under the condition of 100 ° C. or lower the first and second light control films can be integrated without thermal deterioration of the light control layer. Further, by thermocompression bonding while reducing the pressure, it can be integrated without air or the like between the layers.
- the temperature of thermocompression bonding is, for example, 30 ° C. or higher and 120 ° C. or lower, preferably 40 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower.
- the internal transparent adhesive layer is preferably a thermoplastic resin layer.
- the thermoplastic resin used for the internal transparent adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is a polyolefin resin such as an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), a polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU), a polyethylene-based resin, and a polypropylene-based resin ( Examples thereof include cyclic olefin resins (COP) such as PO) and cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), and polyvinyl acetal resins (PVAc) such as polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB).
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
- TPU polyurethane-based thermoplastic elastomer
- TPU polyethylene-based resin
- PVAc polyvinyl acetal resins
- the internal transparent adhesive layer can adhere the first and second dimming films even by thermocompression bonding at a relatively low temperature, and further, the adhesiveness of the dimming film to the base film. Also tends to be good.
- polyvinyl acetal-based resins are preferable, and polyvinyl butyral-based resins are more preferable.
- the adhesiveness to the light control film tends to be good, and the penetration resistance of the laminated panel structure is also improved.
- the thermoplastic resin is preferably the main component, and the content thereof is preferably 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the internal transparent adhesive layer. , More preferably 80% by mass or more.
- the internal transparent adhesive layer may contain a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters.
- the internal transparent adhesive layer may be a filler, an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a fluorescent whitening agent, a crystal nucleating agent, a dispersant, a dye, a pigment, or a carboxylic acid, if necessary.
- Additives other than plasticizers such as metal salts and heat shield materials may be contained.
- the thickness of the internal transparent adhesive layer is preferably 0.05 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, and 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less, from the viewpoint of preventing the interlayer film structure from becoming unnecessarily thick while improving the adhesiveness. Is more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.
- a transparent adhesive layer (hereinafter, also referred to as “surface transparent adhesive layer”) is further provided on the outermost surface of the interlayer film structure.
- the interlayer film structure can be easily adhered to the transparent panel by having the surface transparent adhesive layer.
- the surface transparent adhesive layer is preferably provided on both outermost surfaces of the interlayer film structure.
- the surface transparent adhesive layer arranged on the outside of the first light control film is referred to as the first surface transparent adhesive layer
- the surface transparent adhesive layer arranged on the outside of the second light control film Is referred to as a second surface transparent adhesive layer. Therefore, the interlayer film structure has a laminate including a first surface transparent adhesive layer, a first light control film, a transparent adhesive layer, a second light control film, and a second surface transparent adhesive layer in this order. Is preferable.
- the interlayer film structure can be easily bonded by thermocompression bonding or the like. Can be integrated into a transparent panel. Further, the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers have transparency and high visible light transmittance. Therefore, the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers do not impair various optical properties such as the light transmittance of the interlayer film structure.
- the surface transparent adhesive layer is preferably a thermoplastic resin layer. Further, when the interlayer film structure has the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers, it is more preferable that both of them are thermoplastic resin layers. When the surface transparent adhesive layer is a thermoplastic resin layer, the interlayer film structure can be easily adhered to the transparent panel by thermocompression bonding.
- thermoplastic resin used for the surface transparent adhesive layer (that is, the first or second surface transparent adhesive layer, or both) is not particularly limited, but those listed as the resins that can be used for the transparent adhesive layer are listed. It can be selected and used as appropriate. By using the above resin, the interlayer film composition can be adhered to the transparent panel even by thermocompression bonding at a relatively low temperature. Therefore, it is possible to prevent thermal damage to the light control film. Further, as the thermoplastic resin used for the surface transparent adhesive layer, a polyvinyl acetal-based resin is preferable, and a polyvinyl butyral-based resin is more preferable.
- the adhesiveness to a transparent panel tends to be good.
- the penetration resistance of the laminated panel structure is also improved. Therefore, when the laminated panel structure has an internal transparent adhesive layer and the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers, the heat used for the internal transparent adhesive layer and the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers, respectively.
- the plastic resin it is preferable that all of them are polyvinyl acetal-based resins, and among them, polyvinyl butyral-based resin is more preferable.
- the thermoplastic resin may be a main component, and the content thereof is preferably 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total amount of each surface transparent adhesive layer. It is more preferably 80% by mass or more.
- the surface transparent adhesive layer (that is, the first or second surface transparent adhesive layer, or both of them) may contain a colorant to be a colored layer.
- a colorant to be a colored layer When the colored layer is used, it is preferable to use both the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers as the colored layer.
- the visible light transmittance of the interlayer film constituent can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, the degree of openness, the amount of incident heat rays, and the like can be appropriately adjusted according to the needs of the user.
- the color of the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the colorant used is not particularly limited, and a dye that has been conventionally blended in an interlayer film for laminated glass can be used, and a dye such as blue, yellow, red, green, purple, black, or white can be used. ..
- a dye such as blue, yellow, red, green, purple, black, or white can be used.
- a pigment, a dye or the like can be used.
- black pigments and black dyes are preferable from the viewpoint of heat shielding property and design, and carbon black is more preferable.
- the surface transparent adhesive layer is used as a colored layer, a known transparent colored film can be appropriately used.
- the transparent colored film for example, a film having a visible light transmittance of, for example, 70% or more, preferably about 75 to 90% may be used.
- Commercially available products can be used as the transparent colored film, and for example, a colored film of the "S-LEC Film” series manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used.
- each surface transparent adhesive layer may contain a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters.
- each surface transparent adhesive layer may be filled with a filler, an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a fluorescent whitening agent, a crystal nucleating agent, a dispersant, a plasticizer, a metal salt, and the like. It may contain an additive other than a plasticizer such as a heat shield material and a colorant.
- each of the surface transparent adhesive layers is preferably 0.05 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, preferably 0.1 mm or more and 1.0 mm, from the viewpoint of preventing the interlayer film structure from becoming thicker than necessary while improving the adhesiveness.
- the following is more preferably 0.2 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.
- the laminated panel structure of the present invention includes the above-mentioned laminated panel interlayer film structure and two transparent panels, and the laminated panel interlayer film structure is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the two transparent panels. Will be done.
- the two transparent panels are bonded via the above-mentioned laminated panel interlayer film structure.
- the transparent panel examples include a glass plate.
- the glass plate may be either inorganic glass or organic glass, but inorganic glass is preferable.
- the inorganic glass is not particularly limited, but is clear glass, clear float glass, float plate glass, reinforced glass, colored glass, polished plate glass, template glass, meshed plate glass, wire-reinforced plate glass, ultraviolet absorber glass, infrared reflector glass, and infrared absorber. Examples include flat glass and green glass.
- the organic glass what is generally called resin glass is used, and examples thereof include organic glass composed of a polycarbonate plate, a polymethylmethacrylate plate, a polyester plate and the like, without particular limitation.
- the two transparent panels may be made of the same kind of material as each other, or may be made of different materials.
- one may be inorganic glass and the other may be organic glass, but it is preferable that both of the two transparent panels are inorganic glass or organic glass, but both are inorganic glass. Is more preferable.
- each of the transparent panels is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 3.2 mm or less, more preferably 0.7 mm or more and 2.7 mm or less, and 1.0 mm or more and 2.6 mm or less. The following is more preferable. By setting it within the above range, the thickness of the entire laminated panel structure can be kept below a certain level while imparting a certain mechanical strength to the laminated panel structure.
- the laminated panel structure of the present invention preferably has a thickness of 7 mm or less.
- the thickness is 7 mm or less, it can be suitably used for window glass for automobiles, particularly roof glass for automobiles.
- the thickness of the laminated panel structure is not particularly limited with respect to the lower limit value, but is, for example, 4 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or more.
- the laminated panel structure 10 includes an interlayer film structure 11 and two transparent panels 12 and 13.
- the interlayer film structure 11 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the two transparent panels 12 and 13, and the two transparent panels 12 and 13 are adhered to each other via the interlayer film structure 11.
- the interlayer film structure 11 has a first surface transparent adhesive layer 31, a first light control film 21, an internal transparent adhesive layer 30, and a second adjustment.
- the optical film 22 and the second surface transparent adhesive layer 32 are provided in this order. Then, it is adhered to the transparent panels 12 and 13 by the first surface transparent adhesive layer 31 and the second surface transparent adhesive layer 32, respectively.
- the second light control film 22 is arranged on the outdoor side of the first light control film 21. That is, it is preferable that the transparent panel 13 is arranged on the outdoor side and the transparent panel 12 is arranged on the indoor side.
- the first light control film 21 may be arranged on the outdoor side of the second light control film 22.
- the peripheral edges 21A and 22A of the light control films 21 and 22 are the peripheral edges 12A and 13A of the two transparent panels 12 and 13 when viewed in a plan view in the thickness direction. They are placed in matching positions, but they do not have to be placed in matching positions.
- the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the light control films 21 and 22 are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13. May be done.
- the peripheral edges 21A and 22A of the light control films 21 and 22 are arranged on the inner peripheral side at a distance L of 10 mm or more from the peripheral edges 12A and 13A of the two panels 12 and 13.
- a part of the peripheral edges 21A and 22A may be arranged on the inner peripheral side of both the peripheral edges 12A and 13A, but the peripheral edges 21A and 22B have the peripheral edges 12A and 13A over the entire circumference. It is preferable to arrange it on the inner peripheral side from both, and it is more preferable to arrange it on the inner peripheral side at a distance L of 10 mm or more from both the peripheral portions 12A and 13A over the entire circumference.
- the distance L between the peripheral portions 21A and 22A and the peripheral portions 12A and 13A may be 10 mm or more as described above, and the upper limit is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 150 mm or less.
- the peripheral edges 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13 are usually arranged at positions that coincide with each other when viewed in a plan view in the thickness direction, but may be displaced.
- the peripheral portions 21A and 22B of the light control films 21 and 22 are usually arranged at positions that coincide with each other when viewed in a plan view in the thickness direction, but may be displaced from each other.
- the distance L between the peripheral edge portion of the transparent panel and the peripheral edge portion of the light control film, which are closest to each other may be set to the above distance L.
- the distance L may be within the above range over the entire circumference. It is more preferable to have.
- the film structure 10 preferably includes a sealing material 35 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first and second light control films 21 and 22.
- a sealing material 35 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first and second light control films 21 and 22.
- the sealing material 35 may be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the light control films 21 and 22, but as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that the sealing material 35 is arranged on the outer peripheral side over the entire circumference of the light control films 21 and 22. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the sealing material 35 is preferably formed in a frame shape when viewed in a plan view in the thickness direction. Then, the sealing material 35 is arranged between the transparent panels 21 and 22. The width of the frame-shaped sealing material 35 may be the same as the distance L.
- the interlayer film structure 11 includes not only the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the light control films 21 and 22, but also the peripheral portions 30A, 31A and 32A of the transparent adhesive layers 30, 31 and 32. , It is preferable that the transparent panels 12 and 13 are arranged on the inner peripheral side of the peripheral portions 12A and 13A. Since the interlayer film structure 11 has such a structure, the sealing material 35 has a structure arranged not only on the light control films 21 and 22 but also on the outer peripheral side of the adhesive layers 30, 31 and 32. Then, the thickness of the sealing material 35 is the same as the thickness of the interlayer film structure 11, and the sealing material 35 may be adhered to the transparent panels 12 and 13 on both sides in the thickness direction. As a result, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the sealing material 35 can easily secure high sealing performance.
- the sealing material 35 may be adhered to and integrated with the peripheral portions 30A, 31A, 32A of the transparent adhesive layers 30, 31, 32.
- the first and second dimming films 21, 22 are integrated with the adhesive layers 30, 31, 32, and the sealing material 35.
- the structure is sealed with. Therefore, the first and second light control films 21 and 22 are prevented from invading water, oxygen and the like from the outside, and the durability is improved.
- the sealing material 35 may be appropriately adhered to the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the light control films 21 and 22.
- the sealing material 35 is arranged only on the outside of the light control films 21 and 22, and the peripheral portions 30A, 31A and 32A of the transparent adhesive layers 30, 31 and 32 are adjusted.
- the optical films 21 and 22 may be arranged outside the peripheral portions 21A and 21B.
- two sealing materials 35 are provided on the outside of each of the light control films 21 and 22 as first and second sealing materials 35A and 35B.
- the first surface transparent adhesive layer 31, the first encapsulant 35A, the internal transparent adhesive layer 30, the second encapsulant 35B, and the second encapsulant are used. It has a laminated structure of the surface transparent adhesive layer 32.
- the sealing material 35 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the light control films 21 and 22 and the internal transparent adhesive layer 30 between them, and the surface transparent adhesive layers 31 and 32.
- the peripheral edges 31A and 32A may be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the peripheral edges 21A and 21B of the light control films 21 and 22.
- the region on the outer peripheral side of the light control films 21 and 22 has a laminated structure of the first surface transparent adhesive layer 31, the sealing material 35, and the second surface transparent adhesive layer 32.
- the sealing material 35 may have the same thickness as the total thickness of the light control films 21 and 22 and the transparent adhesive layer 30, and both sides of the sealing material 35 in the thickness direction are the surface transparent adhesive layers 31 and 32. It is good to adhere to.
- the extraction electrodes (not shown) of the light control films 21 and 22 are, for example, the sealing material in the configuration of FIG. It is preferable that the film is extended to the outside through between the transparent panel 21 or the transparent panel 22, and in the configurations of FIGS. 4 and 5, it is preferable that the film is extended to the outside through the space between the sealing material 35 and the adhesive layer. ..
- the encapsulant is preferably made of a resin, and preferably made of a thermoplastic resin.
- the encapsulant is easily adhered to a transparent panel or another transparent adhesive layer by thermocompression bonding.
- the thermoplastic resin used for the encapsulant those listed as the thermoplastic resins that can be used for the transparent adhesive layer can be appropriately selected and used.
- the sealing material can be adhered to the transparent panel or another transparent adhesive layer even by thermocompression bonding at a relatively low temperature, and damage to the light control film during thermocompression bonding can be prevented.
- the thermoplastic resin used for the encapsulant is preferably a polyvinyl acetal-based resin, and more preferably a polyvinyl butyral-based resin.
- the adhesiveness to the transparent panel, particularly the transparent panel made of inorganic glass becomes excellent.
- the adhesiveness to the transparent adhesive layer, the light control film, and the like is also excellent.
- the interlayer film structure includes the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers and the internal transparent adhesive layer in addition to the encapsulant, the encapsulant, the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers
- the thermoplastic resin used for the internal transparent adhesive layer a polyvinyl acetal-based resin is preferable, and a polyvinyl butyral-based resin is more preferable.
- the thermoplastic resin may be the main component, and the content thereof may be 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the encapsulant. It is preferably 80% by mass or more.
- the sealing material may contain a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer When the encapsulant contains a plasticizer, it becomes flexible and the adhesiveness to the transparent panel and other transparent adhesive layers is likely to be improved.
- the plasticizer include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters.
- the encapsulant may be a filler, an infrared absorber, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, a fluorescent whitening agent, a crystal nucleating agent, a dispersant, a dye, a pigment, or a metal carboxylate, if necessary.
- Additives other than plasticizers such as salts and heat shield materials may be contained.
- the touch sensor 37 is provided inside the interlayer film structure 11.
- the touch sensor 37 may be, for example, provided with a space 37A inside the interlayer film structure 11 and may be arranged in the space 37A.
- the space 37A may be provided with a notch in a part of the first light control film 21, and a touch sensor 37 may be provided in the notch portion (space 37A).
- the space 37A in which the touch sensor 37 is provided is not limited to the notch of the first light control film 21, and the first and second light control films 21, 22, the adhesive layers 30, 31, 32, and the seal are sealed. It may be composed of a notch provided in at least one of the stop members 35, a hollow portion, or the like.
- the touch sensor 37 includes at least a conductive layer, and when a finger, a touch pen, or another object approaches or comes into contact with any of the transparent panels, an electrical change in capacitance, current, voltage, or the like occurs. , Touch input is made.
- the touch input does not mean that a finger, a stylus, or another object needs to come into close contact with the mating panel structure, and a finger or the like may approach and cause an electrical change in the conductive layer.
- the touch sensor method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a capacitance method and a resistance film method.
- An extraction electrode (not shown) is connected to the touch sensor 37, and the extraction electrode may be extracted to the outside through between each layer constituting the interlayer film structure, between the encapsulant and the transparent panel, and the like. ..
- FIG. 7 shows a laminated panel structure having an interlayer film structure according to another embodiment.
- the first light control film 21 is divided into a plurality of independently controllable segments (segments 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D in FIG. 7), and each segment 26A to 26A to The 26D can switch between light transmission and light scattering separately.
- the conductive layer is divided into a plurality of pieces corresponding to each of the segments 26A to 26D, and the voltage can be switched between application and non-application for each segment, whereby the segments can be switched.
- the light transmission mode and the light scattering mode can be switched independently for each. With such a configuration, in the present embodiment, it is possible to partially shade the combined panel structure, so that usability can be improved.
- the first light control film is divided into segments, but the sealing material 35 is provided as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. In certain embodiments, it may be divided into a plurality of segments.
- the touch sensor 37 is provided in the embodiment in which the sealing material 35 is provided, but the touch sensor is provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in which the sealing material 35 is not provided, for example. You may.
- the mode of the sealing material 35 when the touch sensor is provided is not limited to the mode shown in FIG. 6, and may be any mode.
- the interlayer film structure has a structure having first and second dimming films 21, 22 and transparent adhesive layers 30, 31, 32.
- one or more of the transparent adhesive layers 30, 31, and 32 may be omitted as appropriate.
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the transparent adhesive layer 30 is omitted.
- the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 may be directly laminated.
- the base films of the light control films 21 and 22 may be adhered to each other by thermocompression bonding or the like, but may not be adhered to each other.
- a sealing material 35 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the first and second light control films 21 and 22, and the sealing material 35 is adhered to and integrated with the surface transparent adhesive layers 31 and 32. It is good. Then, the integrated surface transparent adhesive layers 31, 32 and the sealing material 35 may support the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 arranged so as to be embedded therein.
- one or both of the surface transparent adhesive layers 31 and 32 may be omitted instead of the internal transparent adhesive layer 30, in which case, for example, the first and second transparent adhesive layers 31 and 32 may be omitted.
- the base film of the light control films 21 and 22 may be directly adhered to the transparent panels 12 and 13 by thermocompression bonding or the like. Further, the transparent adhesive layers 30, 31 and 32 may all be omitted.
- the laminated panel structure may have three or more light control films, for example, two or more of the above-mentioned first light control films, or two second light control films. You may have one or more. It is preferable that three or more dimming films are arranged along the thickness direction. Further, as the light control film, three or more types of light control films of different types may be arranged in the thickness direction.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention has a visible light transmittance measured with the first light control film as a light transmission mode in a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions. It is preferable that the light control film can be adjusted to 1% or less. Further, the visible light transmittance is preferably adjustable to 0.1% or more and 1% or less, and more preferably 0.2% or more and 1% or less. At this time, the visible light transmittance may be adjusted within the above range by setting the second light control film to the light shielding mode.
- the interlayer film structure sufficiently shields heat rays, and when used for, for example, automobile window glass, especially roof glass, It prevents the inside of the car from getting hot due to the irradiation of sunlight. Further, when it is set to 0.1% or more, a certain amount of light is transmitted, so that it is prevented from being completely shaded by the interlayer film structure, and a certain sense of openness can be obtained.
- the laminated panel structure manufactured under predetermined conditions is two pieces of clear glass (visible light transmittance: 90.4%) having a thickness of 2.5 mm via the laminated panel interlayer film structure. It means a laminated panel structure obtained by bonding. The same applies to the following.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention has a visible light transmittance measured with the first light control film as a light transmission mode in a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions. It is preferable that the second light control film can be adjusted not only to 1% or less as described above but also to 10% or more. Further, the visible light transmittance is more preferably adjustable to 20% or more, further preferably to be adjustable to 30% or more, and to be adjustable to 10% or more and 60% or less. It is preferable, it is more preferable that it can be adjusted to 20% or more and 50% or less, and it is further preferable that it can be adjusted to 30% or more and 50% or less.
- the second light control film is set to the light transmission mode so that the visible light transmittance is within the above range.
- the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 10% or more by the second light control film, the outside can be easily seen through the laminated panel structure. become.
- it is possible to take in a large amount of outside light inside through the panel structure it is possible to take in more than a certain amount of outside light even in bad weather or at night, and such an environment. A feeling of openness can be obtained even underneath.
- the visible light transmittance can be adjusted not only to 1% or less but also to 10% or more by the second light control film, when the first light control film is in the light transmission mode, It is possible to greatly change the visible light transmittance of the interlayer film structure. Therefore, depending on the external situation (for example, weather and time zone), it is possible to take in a lot of outside light and suppress the transmission of outside light, and a feeling of openness is obtained regardless of the outside situation. It becomes easy to be.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention is a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions, and Tds (Solar direct transmitance) measured with the first light control film as a light transmittance mode. Is preferably adjustable to 55% or less. Assuming that the Tds measured with the first light control film as the light transmission mode can be adjusted to 55% or less, the interlayer film construct is above a certain level even when the first light control film is in the light transmission mode. The heat shield is ensured, and the inflow of heat rays can be effectively prevented.
- the Tds can be adjusted to 55% or less as described above even when the second light control film is in the light transmission mode in order to secure a certain level of heat shielding property, but the second light control film is used. It is more preferable that the film can be adjusted to 50% or less when the film is in the light transmission mode.
- the Tds is adjusted to, for example, 30% or more from the viewpoint of ensuring a certain light transmission. It should be done.
- the Tds when the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode and the second light control film is set to the light shielding mode should be low.
- the lower the value the better, for example, less than 30%, preferably 20% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and practically, for example, 1% or more, but 10% or more may be used.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention has a haze value of 40% measured by setting the first light control film in the light transmission mode in a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions. It is preferable that the following can be adjusted. When the haze value can be adjusted to 40% or less, light scattering is prevented when the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode, and a feeling of openness can be easily obtained.
- the haze value may be 40% or less when the second light control film is in the light transmission mode, but the second light control film is in the light transmission mode in order to obtain a sufficient open feeling. It is more preferable that the ratio can be 40% or less in any of the light shielding modes.
- the haze value when the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode and the second light control film is set to the light transmission mode is set to the light transmission mode.
- the haze value may be 0% or more, but is practically 1% or more.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention has a haze value of 70% measured by setting the first light control film in a light scattering mode in a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions. It is preferable that the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 20% or less.
- the haze value is more preferably 80% or more, further preferably 90% or more, and the visible light transmittance is more preferably 10% or less, further preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 1% or less. Is.
- the interlayer film structure may be able to adjust the visible light transmittance and the haze value within the above range when the second light control film is at least in the light shielding mode, but the second light control film transmits light. In both the mode and the light shielding mode, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance and the haze value can be adjusted within the above ranges.
- the interlayer film structure of the present invention is a laminated panel structure manufactured by using the interlayer film structure under predetermined conditions, and the Tds measured by setting the first light control film to the light scattering mode is the first. It is preferable that the light control film can be set to a light transmission mode and the Tds can be lower than that when the second light control film is set to a light shielding mode. Further, the Tds is preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 6%. It is preferable that the Tds can be adjusted within the above range regardless of whether the second light control film is in the light transmission mode or the light shielding mode, but when the second light control film is in the light shielding mode, it is preferable.
- the Tds can be further reduced, preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 3%.
- the value of Tds can be made extremely low, and heat can be shielded at a level comparable to that of the mechanical shade.
- the visible light transmittance, Tds, and haze value may be measured by making a light bundle incident on the surface on the side where the light beam is arranged outdoors. Therefore, in the combined panel structure 10 described above, it is preferable to inject a light beam bundle from the transparent panel 13 side (that is, the second light control film 22 side) for measurement.
- the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure of the present invention can be used for windowpanes of various vehicles such as automobiles, aircraft, ships, buildings, etc., they are preferably used for buildings and automobiles.
- heat rays may flow into the car from the outside through the window glass, and the inside of the car may become hot.
- heat rays may flow into the building through a window glass, and the inside of the building may become hot.
- the modes of the dimming film are appropriately combined. By blocking light, it is possible to appropriately prevent the inflow of heat rays into the vehicle or the inside of the building.
- the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure of the present invention are particularly preferably used for automobiles.
- it When used as an automobile, it may be used for any window glass such as side glass, rear glass, and roof glass, but it is preferably used for roof glass. Since the roof glass is illuminated with sunlight from above, a large amount of heat rays are irradiated, but in the present invention, the interlayer film structure can effectively prevent the inflow of heat rays. Further, when the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure of the present invention are used for the roof glass, it becomes easier to obtain a feeling of openness.
- the roof glass may be arranged on the roof, and for example, the glass arranged over the roof and the rear is also a roof glass.
- the roof of the automobile is a part constituting the top surface of the body, and the roof glass is generally arranged in the horizontal direction or slightly tilted with respect to the horizontal direction (for example, within 20 °).
- the inclination is the inclination of the straight line in the horizontal direction when the ends of the glass arranged at the roof position are connected by a straight line.
- the roof glass preferably has an area of 1 m 2 or more, more preferably 1.5 m 2 or more.
- the light transmission mode and the light scattering mode of the first light control film are appropriately switched, and the visible light transmittance of the second light control film is appropriately adjusted.
- the second light control film can switch between the light transmission mode and the light shielding mode, and further, when the second light control fill is, for example, an SPD film, etc.
- the second light control fill is, for example, an SPD film, etc.
- the first light control film when it is desired to completely shield the light from the outside, the first light control film may be set to the light scattering mode, and the second light control film may also be set to the light shielding mode.
- the first light control film when it is desired to completely shield the light from the outside, the first light control film may be set to the light scattering mode, and the second light control film may also be set to the light shielding mode.
- the Tds becomes low and the heat rays are sufficiently shielded. Therefore, for example, in the embodiment applied to the roof glass, when the roof glass is not required, it is shaded by the first and second dimming films to obtain sufficient heat shielding property, and the inside of the vehicle becomes hot due to sunlight. Can be prevented.
- the first light control film may be set to the light transmission mode.
- the second light control film may be in a light shielding mode or a light transmitting mode.
- the first light control film is set to the light transmission mode and the second light control film is set to the light shielding mode, the combined panel structure can obtain a constant light transmission while having a certain heat shielding property.
- the second light control film is set to the light transmission mode, high light transmission can be obtained and high visibility can be ensured.
- the visible light transmittance can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage value applied in the light transmission mode, so that the visible light transmittance can be adjusted according to the external situation. It is also possible to make fine adjustments to the light transmittance.
- first, first and second dimming films and, if necessary, a resin film for an adhesive layer for forming a transparent adhesive layer are prepared.
- a sealing material for example, a resin film for the sealing material processed into a frame shape or the like is prepared.
- the first and second light control films and the resin film for the adhesive layer are appropriately laminated, and a resin film for a sealing material is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the light control film as needed, and these are thickened.
- An interlayer film composition can be manufactured by pressurizing in the radial direction and thermocompression bonding.
- the temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding is, for example, 30 ° C. or higher and 120 ° C. or lower, but preferably 40 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower.
- the pressure at the time of thermocompression bonding is not particularly limited, but may be pressure bonding by negative pressure, for example, the gauge pressure may be about ⁇ 780 mbar.
- a laminated panel structure using the obtained interlayer film structure and two transparent panels.
- it may be carried out by a general method for producing laminated glass, and is not particularly limited.
- an interlayer film structure is arranged between two transparent panels, and an autoclave or the like is used, for example, at 30 ° C. 120. It can be obtained by crimping at a temperature of ° C. or lower, preferably 40 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower.
- the laminated panel structure may be manufactured while forming the interlayer film structure.
- the first and second light control films and the resin film for the adhesive layer are appropriately laminated, and the resin film for the encapsulant is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the light control film as needed.
- the temperature at the time of thermocompression bonding is, for example, 30 ° C. and 120 ° C.
- thermocompression bonding is not particularly limited, but may be pressure bonding by negative pressure, for example, the gauge pressure may be about ⁇ 780 mbar. Further, when the laminated panel structure is obtained by thermocompression bonding in this method, temporary bonding may be performed as appropriate before thermocompression bonding under the above conditions.
- the methods for measuring the haze value, visible light transmittance, and Tds of the light control film and the laminated panel structure are as follows.
- Tds Using a spectrophotometer (“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi High-Technology Co., Ltd.), Tds at a wavelength of 300 to 2500 nm was measured according to ISO 13837.
- Example 1 First, the following materials were prepared. The thickness of each layer is as shown in Table 1.
- Transparent panel Clear glass plate with visible light transmission rate of 90.4% in accordance with JIS R 3202: 2011
- First dimming film Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, manufactured by Gauzy, light scattering mode with voltage OFF, voltage ON Light transmission mode at (70V)
- Second light control film SPD film, manufactured by Gauzy, light shielding mode when voltage is OFF, light transmission mode when voltage is ON (70V)
- Adhesive layer Resin film (1) made of polyvinyl butyral resin containing plasticizer, thickness 0.38 mm
- the resin film (1), the first dimming film, the resin film (1), the second dimming film, and the resin film (1) are laminated in this order and heated at 70 ° C. and -780 mbar (gauge pressure). By crimping, these were integrated to obtain an interlayer film composition.
- the obtained interlayer film composition and another transparent panel were superposed on the transparent panel, and these were integrated under the conditions of 90 ° C. and 3 bar (gauge pressure) using an autoclave.
- a combined panel configuration was obtained.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure as shown in FIG. 1, and two transparent panels were adhered to each other via the interlayer film structure.
- Example 2 As the resin films for the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers, the same materials as in Example 1 were prepared except that the following resin film (2) was prepared. 1st and 2nd surface transparent adhesive layer: "S-LEC Film # 7082" (colored film) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., thickness 0.38 mm
- the resin film (2), the first light control film, the resin film (1), the second light control film, and the resin film (2) are laminated in this order and thermocompression bonded under the same conditions as in Example 1. As a result, these were integrated to obtain an interlayer film composition. Then, the panel composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure as shown in FIG. 1, and two transparent panels were bonded to each other via the interlayer film structure.
- resin film for the transparent adhesive layer As the resin film for the transparent adhesive layer, the following resin film (3) was prepared in addition to the above resin film (1) having a thickness of 0.76 mm. In addition, the same first light control film and transparent panel as in Example 1 were prepared.
- the resin film (1), the first dimming film, and the resin film (3) are laminated in this order and thermocompression bonded under the same conditions as in the first embodiment to integrate them to form an interlayer film. After that, a combined panel structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure of a transparent panel / a transparent adhesive layer / a first light control film / a transparent adhesive layer / a transparent panel.
- Comparative Example 2 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 1 was carried out except that the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure were obtained by using the second light control film instead of the first light control film.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure of a transparent panel / a transparent adhesive layer / a second light control film / a transparent adhesive layer / a transparent panel.
- the resin film for the transparent adhesive layer As the resin film for the transparent adhesive layer, the following resin film (4) was prepared in addition to the above resin film (1) having a thickness of 0.76 mm. In addition, the same first light control film and transparent panel as in Example 1 were prepared.
- Transparent adhesive layer (resin film (4)): "S-LEC Solar Control Film” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., thickness 0.76 mm
- the resin film (1), the first dimming film, and the resin film (4) are laminated in this order and thermocompression bonded under the same conditions as in the first embodiment to integrate them to form an interlayer film. After that, a combined panel structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure of a transparent panel / a transparent adhesive layer / a first light control film / a transparent adhesive layer / a transparent panel.
- Comparative Example 4 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 3 was carried out except that the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure were obtained by using the second light control film instead of the first light control film.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure of a transparent panel / a transparent adhesive layer / a second light control film / a transparent adhesive layer / a transparent panel.
- Comparative Example 6 The same procedure as in Comparative Example 5 was carried out except that the interlayer film structure and the laminated panel structure were obtained by using the second light control film instead of the first light control film.
- the laminated panel structure had a laminated structure of a transparent panel / a transparent adhesive layer / a second light control film / a transparent adhesive layer / a transparent panel.
- the first dimming film is in the light transmission mode when the voltage is ON, and is in the light scattering mode when the voltage is OFF.
- the second dimming film is in the light transmission mode when the voltage is ON, and in the light shielding mode when the voltage is OFF.
- the first light control film when the first light control film is turned on, the light transmission becomes high and the visibility becomes high when the second light control film is turned on, and the Tds value is further increased. Was below a certain value, and a certain heat insulation property could be secured.
- the second light control film when the second light control film is turned off when the first light control film is turned on, the Tds value is further lowered to ensure good heat shielding property, and the visible light transmittance is low but above a certain value. And I was able to get a certain sense of openness.
- the first light control film when the first light control film was turned off, the second light control film was also turned off, so that a low Tds value could be obtained and the solar radiation could be sufficiently shielded.
- the combined panel configuration of each embodiment can secure heat insulation while obtaining a feeling of openness by switching modes, and further, secure high visibility depending on the mode.
- Comparative Examples 1, 3 and 5 since there is no second dimming film, when the first dimming fill is turned off, a low Tds value can be obtained and solar radiation can be sufficiently shielded.
- the Tds value when the first light control film was turned on was large, and it was difficult to obtain a feeling of openness while ensuring sufficient heat shielding properties.
- Comparative Examples 2, 4 and 6 since the first light control film was not provided, the Tds value was not sufficiently low even in the light shielding mode, and the heat shielding property was insufficient.
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Abstract
Description
PDLCフィルムは、電圧が印加されていないときは液晶が不規則に配向して強い光散乱をもたらすとともに、電圧が印加されると液晶が整列して高い光透過性を有することになる。そのため、ウインドシールドの上部に配置することで、機械式サンバイザの代替として使用することができる。
したがって、大面積ルーフ構造では、頭上より多くの太陽光、熱線が流入するおそれがあるので、濃色合わせガラス等を導入して外光を遮ることが検討されているが、濃色合わせガラスを使用すると、開放感が得られるというルーフガラスを取り入れるメリットが得られにくく、ユーザーのニーズに十分に対応できない。
[1]2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて使用される合わせパネル用中間膜構成体であって、光透過及び光散乱を切替え可能な第1の調光フィルムと、可視光線透過率を調整可能な第2の調光フィルムとを備え、前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムが厚さ方向に並べられる合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[2]前記第2の調光フィルムが前記第1の調光フィルムよりも屋外側に配置される上記[1]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[3]前記第1の調光フィルムと、前記第2の調光フィルムの間に配置され、これら調光フィルムを接着させる内部透明接着層を備える上記[1]又は[2]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[4]前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムが前記内部透明接着層を介して熱圧着される上記[3]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[5]合わせパネル用中間膜構成体の最外面に表面透明接着層を備える上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[6]厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定される可視光線透過率が、前記第2の調光フィルムによって、1%以下、及び10%以上に調整可能である上記[1]~[5]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[7]厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるTds(Solar direct transmittance)が55%以下に調整可能である上記[1]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[8]厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるヘイズ値が40%以下に調整可能である上記[1]~[7]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[9]前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムは、それぞれの周縁部が前記透明パネルの周縁部から10mm以上内周側に配置される上記[1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[10]前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムの外周側に設けられる封止材を備える上記[9]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[11]前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体の内部に、前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムの少なくともいずかを制御するタッチセンサーを備える上記[1]~[10]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[12]前記第1の調光フィルムが、独立に制御可能な複数のセグメントに分割される上記[1]~[11]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[13]前記第1の調光フィルムが、ポリマー分散型液晶フィルム及びポリマーネットワーク型液晶のいずれかである上記[1]~[12]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[14]前記第2の調光フィルムが、エレクトロクロミックフィルム、SPDフィルム、及び電気泳動フィルムデバイスのいずれかである上記[1]~[13]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[15]前記第1の調光フィルムは、光透過モードにおいて、可視光線透過率が60%以上100%以下であり、かつヘイズ値が0%以上30%以下である上記[1]~[14]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[16]前記第1の調光フィルムは、光散乱モードにおいて可視光線透過率が0%以上40%以下であり、かつヘイズ値が70%以上100%以下である上記[1]~[15]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[17]前記第2の調光フィルムは、光透過モードと光遮蔽モードが切替え可能であり、光透過モードにおいて、可視光線透過率が25%以上100%以下であり、かつヘイズ値は0%以上30%以下である上記[1]~[16]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[18]前記第2の調光フィルムは、光透過モードと光遮蔽モードが切替え可能であり、光遮蔽モードにおいて可視光線透過率が25%未満であり、かつヘイズ値が60%未満である上記[1]~[17]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[19]前記内部透明接着層が、熱可塑性樹脂層である上記[3]~[18]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[20]前記内部透明接着層における熱可塑性樹脂が、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、環状オレフィン系樹脂、及びポリビニルアセタール系樹脂からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である上記[19]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[21]前記表面透明接着層が、熱可塑性樹脂層である上記[5]~[20]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[22]前記表面透明接着層における熱可塑性樹脂が、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、環状オレフィン系樹脂、及びポリビニルアセタール系樹脂からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である上記[21]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[23]前記表面透明接着層、前記第1の調光フィルム、前記内部透明接着層、第2の調光フィルム、及び前記表面透明接着層の順に備える上記[5]~[22]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[24]前記封止材が熱可塑性樹脂により形成される上記[10]~[23]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[25]前記封止材における熱可塑性樹脂が、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、環状オレフィン系樹脂、及びポリビニルアセタール系樹脂からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である上記[24]に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[26]厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光散乱モードにして測定されるヘイズ値を70%以上、かつ可視光線透過率を20%以下に調整可能である上記[1]~[25]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[27]厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光散乱モードにして測定されるTdsは、10%未満である上記[1]~[26]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[28]前記第1の調光フィルムが、2枚の基材フィルムと、2枚の前記基材フィルムの間に配置される調光層とを備える上記[1]~[27]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[29]前記第2の調光フィルムが、2枚の基材フィルムと、2枚の前記基材フィルムの間に配置される調光層とを備える上記[1]~[28]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
[30]上記[1]~[29]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体と、2枚の透明パネルとを備え、
前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体が前記2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて配置される合わせパネル構成体。
[31]厚みが、7mm以下である上記[30]に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
[32]自動車ルーフガラス用である上記[30]又は[31]に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
[33]建築物用である上記[30]又は[31]に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
[34]上記[1]~[29]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体、又は上記[30]又は[31]に記載の合わせパネル構成体の自動車ルーフガラスへの使用。
[35]上記[1]~[29]のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体、又は上記[30]又は[31]に記載の合わせパネル構成体の建築物への使用。
本発明の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体(以下、「中間膜構成体」ともいう)は、2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて使用されるものであり、厚さ方向に並べられる第1及び第2の調光フィルムを備える。本発明では、第1の調光フィルムが、光透過及び光散乱を切替え可能な調光フィルムであり、第2の調光フィルムが可視光線透過率を調整可能な調光フィルムである。
本発明の中間膜構成体は、第1及び第2の調光フィルムのモードを適宜組み合せて遮光することで、熱線の流入を適切に防止することができる。また、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとしつつも、第2の調光フィルムにより、外部の状況に合わせて、可視光の透過率を調整することで、光透過性を高くしたり、光透過性を抑えつつ開放感を得たりすることが可能になるので、ユーザーのニーズに十分に適合した合わせパネル構成体を提供できる。
第1の調光フィルムは、光透過及び光散乱を切替え可能な調光体である。第1の調光フィルムは、光透過モードでは、高い可視光線透過率を有する。また、光散乱モードでは高いヘイズ値を有するとともに、可視光線透過率が光透過モードに比べて低下する。第1の調光フィルムは、光透過モードと光散乱モードの切替えが電圧の印加の有無により行われる。
液晶層は、例えばスペーサなどにより液晶を内部に充填するためのスペースが形成され、そのスペース内に液晶を充填しかつ封止したものが挙げられるが、スペーサは無くてもよい。また、液晶としては、どのような方式のものでもよく、TN型であってもよいし、STN型でもよい。また、調光層と電極層との間には、適宜配向膜が設けられてもよい。配向膜が設けられることで、第1の調光フィルムは、後述するリバースタイプとすることも可能である。
また、光透過モードにおける第1の調光フィルムのヘイズ値は、例えば、30%以下、好ましくは20%以下、さらに好ましくは10%以下である。
なお、光透過モードにおける第1の調光フィルムの可視光線透過率は、100%以下であればよいが、実用的には99%以下であり、また、ヘイズ値は0%以上であればよいが、実用的には例えば1%以上である。
また、光散乱モードでは、第1の調光フィルムの可視光線透過率は、光透過モードの時よりも低く、例えば40%以下、好ましくは20%以下、より好ましく10%以下である。以上のように光散乱モードで光透過率が低くなると、光散乱モードにおいて熱線の流入を適切に防止できる。
なお、光散乱モードにおける第1の調光フィルムのヘイズ値は、100%以下であればよいが、実用的には99%以下程度である。また、可視光線透過率は0%以上であればよいが、実用的には例えば1%以上程度である。
第1の調光フィルムは市販品を使用することできる。具体的には、凸版印刷株式会社製の「LC MAGIC」シリーズのノーマルタイプ[光透過モード:ヘイズ値5%、平行線透過率82%、光散乱モード:ヘイズ値98%、平行線透過率1%(カタログ値)]、リバースタイプ[光透過モード:ヘイズ値10%、平行線透過率80%、光散乱モード:ヘイズ値92%、平行線透過率7%(カタログ値)]が挙げられる。さらに、日本板硝子ウムプロダクツ株式会社製の「UMU」のウィンドウタイプ[光透過モード:ヘイズ値6%、平行線透過率74%、光散乱モード:ヘイズ値86%、平行線透過率5%(カタログ値)]などが挙げられる。また、Gauzy社の「LC-W」などが挙げられる。
第2の調光フィルムは、可視光線透過率を調整可能な調光体である。第2の調光フィルムは、可視光線透過率が高い光透過モードと、可視光線透過率が低くなる光遮蔽モードとが切り替えられるとよい。
第2の調光フィルムは、光遮蔽モードであっても光散乱がそれほど生じずにヘイズ値がそれほど高くならず、上記した光散乱モードにおける第1の調光フィルムのヘイズ値よりもヘイズ値は低くなる。
調光フィルムがSPD(Suspended Particle Device)フィルムである場合、調光層は、樹脂マトリックスと樹脂マトリックス中に分散した光調整懸濁液とを含む層である。
樹脂マトリックスは、高分子媒体からなり、光調整懸濁液は、光調整粒子が流動可能な状態で分散媒中に分散したものである。高分子媒体及び分散媒(光調整懸濁液中の分散媒)としては、高分子媒体及びその硬化物と分散媒とが、少なくともフィルム化したときに互いに相分離しうるものを用いる。互いに非相溶又は部分相溶性の高分子媒体と分散媒とを組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。
また、上記したエチレン性不飽和結合を有する置換基をもつ樹脂の他に、有機溶剤可溶型樹脂又は熱可塑性樹脂、例えば、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸等も高分子媒体の構成材料として併用することができる。
また、高分子媒体中には、ジブチル錫ジラウレート等の着色防止剤等の添加物を必要に応じて添加してもよい。さらに、高分子媒体には溶剤が含まれていてもよい。
液状共重合体として例えば、フルオロ基及び/又は水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステルオリゴマーが好ましく、フルオロ基及び水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステルオリゴマーがより好ましい。
本発明に使用される光調整懸濁液は、分散媒中に光調整粒子が流動可能に分散したものである。光調整粒子としては、例えばポリヨウ化物の結晶が使用され、ポリヨウ化物の針状小結晶が、好ましく用いられる。
SPDフィルムは、両電極層間に電圧が印加されると、光調整粒子が厚さ方向に配向し、それにより、光透過率、例えば特定の波長域の透過率が高くなるとよい。
また、SPDフィルムにおいては、調光層と電極層の間に適宜プライマー層が設けられてもよい。
第2の調光フィルムは、エレクトロクロミックフィルムである場合、調光層がエレクトロクロミック材料を含むとよい。エレクトロクロミック材料としては、エレクトロクロミック性を有する化合物であれば限定されず、無機化合物、有機化合物、混合原子価錯体のいずれであってもよい。
無機化合物としては、例えば、Mo2O3、Ir2O3、NiO、V2O5、WO3、TiO2等が挙げられ、中でもWO3が好ましい。有機化合物としては、例えば、ポリピロール化合物、ポリチオフェン化合物、ポリパラフェニレンビニレン化合物、ポリアニリン化合物、ポリアセチレン化合物、ポリエチレンジオキシチオフェン化合物、金属フタロシアニン化合物、ビオロゲン化合物、ビオロゲン塩化合物、フェロセン化合物、テレフタル酸ジメチル化合物、テレフタル酸ジエチル化合物等が挙げられ、なかでも、ポリアセチレン化合物が好ましい。また、混合原子価錯体としては、例えば、プルシアンブルー型錯体(KFe[Fe(CN)6]等)が挙げられる。
電気泳動フィルムデバイスは、例えば、2つの電極層を有する基材間に電気泳動部を有するものである。電気泳動部は、例えば、電気泳動粒子と、電気泳動粒子を分散させる分散剤とを備える。電気泳動フィルムデバイスにおいても、電極層間への電圧の印加の有無を変更することで、可視光線透過率が高い状態(光透過モード)と、可視光線透過率が低い状態(光遮蔽モード)とを変更可能である。電気泳動フィルムデバイスの具体例は、米国特許公開公報2016/0124284号などに詳細に記載される。
また、光透過モードにおける第2の調光フィルムのヘイズ値は、例えば、30%以下、好ましくは20%以下、さらに好ましくは10%以下である。なお、光透過モードにおける第2の調光フィルムの可視光線透過率は、100%以下であればよいが、実用的には70%以下でもよく、また、ヘイズ値は0%以上であればよいが、実用的には1%以上である。
また、光遮蔽モードにおける第2の調光フィルムの可視光線透過率は、第2の調光フィルムを光遮蔽モードとしつつも、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとすることで、日中の太陽光の眩しさを避けつつ外部の開放感を確保する観点から、5%以下であることがさらに好ましい。
また、光遮蔽モードにおける第2の調光フィルムの可視光線透過率は、特に限定されないが、例えば0.5%以上であればよく、1%以上であってもよい。
さらに、SPDフィルムとしてはGauzy社の「SPD」が挙げられる。また、Ynvisible社のエレクトロクロミックフィルム、電気泳動フィルムデバイスとしてSignify社の「E-Skin」なども挙げられる。
中間膜構成体は、スイッチ部材を備えるとよい。スイッチ部材は、第1及び第2の調光フィルムを制御するための部材である。スイッチ部材は、スイッチ入力により、第1の調光フィルムの電極層間に電圧を印加するか否かを制御するとよい。これにより、スイッチ部材は、第1の調光フィルムの光透過モード及び光散乱モードを切り替え可能である。
また、スイッチ部材は、第2の調光フィルムの電極層間に印加される電圧値も変更可能であることが好ましい。このような構成では、例えば第2の調光フィルムとしてSPDフィルムを使用する場合、スイッチ部材により電極間に印加される電圧値の大きさを変更させることで、光透過モードにおける可視光線透過率の大きさを調整できる。
なお、スイッチ部材は、中間膜構成体の外部に配置されてもよいが、中間膜構成体の内部に配置されたタッチセンサーにより構成されることが好ましい。したがって、第1及び第2の調光フィルムの少なくともいずかは、タッチセンサーにより制御されることが好ましい。タッチセンサーの詳細は後述する。
本発明の中間膜構成体は、第1の調光フィルムと、第2の調光フィルムの間に配置される透明接着層(以下、内部透明接着層ともいう)を備え、第1及び第2の調光フィルムが内部透明接着層を介して接着されることが好ましい。すなわち、中間膜構成体は、第1の調光フィルム、内部透明接着層、及び第2の調光フィルムをこの順に備えることが好ましい。
調光フィルムが有する基材フィルムは、比較的融点が高く、そのため、第1及び第2の調光フィルムは、熱圧着などにより直接接着させることが難しいが、内部透明接着層を使用することで容易に一体化され、中間膜構成体の多層構造に容易組み込むことができる。また、製造容易性などの観点から、第1及び第2の調光フィルムは、内部透明接着層を介して熱圧着により接着されることが好ましい。
なお、内部透明接着層は、透明性を有し、高い可視光線透過率を有する。したがって、内部透明接着層が設けられることで、中間膜構成体の光透過性などの光学特性が阻害されることはない。
第1及び第2の調光フィルムは、100℃以下の条件で熱圧着されることで、調光層が熱劣化することなく、第1及び第2の調光フィルムを一体化できる。また、減圧しながら熱圧着することで、より層間にエアー等の無い状態で一体化できる。なお、熱圧着の温度は、例えば30℃以上120℃以下であるが、好ましくは40℃以上100℃以下である。
内部透明接着層に使用される熱可塑性樹脂は、特に限定されないが、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)、ポリウレタン系熱可塑性エラストマー(TPU)、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン系樹脂などのポリオレフィン系樹脂(PO)、環状オレフィン系共重合体(COC)などの環状オレフィン系樹脂(COP)、ポリビニルブチラール系樹脂(PVB)などのポリビニルアセタール系樹脂(PVAc)が挙げられる。内部透明接着層は、これら樹脂を使用することで、比較的低温の熱圧着でも第1及び第2の調光フィルムを接着させることができ、さらには、調光フィルムの基材フィルムに対する接着性も良好になりやすい。
これらの中では、ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂が好ましく、中でもポリビニルブチラール系樹脂がより好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂を使用することで、調光フィルムに対する接着性が良好となりやすく、さらに合わせパネル構成体の耐貫通性なども向上する。
また、内部透明接着層は、必要に応じて、充填材、赤外線吸収剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、蛍光増白剤、結晶核剤、分散剤、染料、顔料、カルボン酸金属塩、遮熱材料等の可塑剤以外の添加剤を含有してもよい。
中間膜構成体の最外面には、さらに透明接着層(以下、「表面透明接着層」ともいう)が設けられることが好ましい。中間膜構成体は、表面透明接着層を有することで、透明パネルに容易に接着させることができる。表面透明接着層は、中間膜構成体の両方の最外面に設けられることが好ましい。なお、本明細書では、第1の調光フィルムの外側に配置される表面透明接着層を第1の表面透明接着層といい、第2の調光フィルムの外側に配置される表面透明接着層を第2の表面透明接着層という。
したがって、中間膜構成体は、第1の表面透明接着層、第1の調光フィルム、透明接着層、第2の調光フィルム及び第2の表面透明接着層をこの順に備える積層体を有することが好ましい。
したがって、合わせパネル構成体が、内部透明接着層、及び第1及び第2の表面透明接着層を有する場合、内部透明接着層、及び第1及び第2の表面透明接着層それぞれに使用される熱可塑性樹脂は、いずれもが、ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂であることが好ましく、中でもポリビニルブチラール系樹脂がより好ましい。
各表面透明接着層において、熱可塑性樹脂は、主成分となるとよく、その含有量は、各表面透明接着層全量に対して、50質量%以上であるとよく、好ましくは70質量%以上であるとよく、さらに好ましくは80質量%以上である。
表面透明接着層を着色層とする場合、公知の透明着色フィルムを適宜使用可能である。透明着色フィルムとしては、例えば、可視光線透過率が例えば70%以上、好ましくは75~90%程度のものを使用すればよい。透明着色フィルムは市販品を使用可能であり、例えば積水化学工業株式会社製の「S―LEC Film」シリーズの着色フィルムなどを使用できる。
また、各表面透明接着層は、必要に応じて、充填材、赤外線吸収剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、蛍光増白剤、結晶核剤、分散剤、カルボン酸金属塩、遮熱材料等の可塑剤、着色剤以外の添加剤を含有してもよい。
本発明の合わせパネル構成体は、上記した合わせパネル用中間膜構成体と、2枚の透明パネルとを備え、合わせパネル用中間膜構成体が、2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて配置される。合わせパネル構成体において、2枚の透明パネルは、上記した合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着される。
また、有機ガラスとしては、一般的に樹脂ガラスと呼ばれるものが使用され、特に限定
されないが、ポリカーボネート板、ポリメチルメタクリレート板、ポリエステル板などから構成される有機ガラスが挙げられる。
2枚の透明パネルは、互いに同種の材質から構成されてもよいし、別の材質から構成されてもよい。例えば、一方が無機ガラスで、他方が有機ガラスであってもよいが、2枚の透明パネルの両方が無機ガラスであるか、又は有機ガラスであることが好ましいが、両方が無機ガラスであることがより好ましい。
次に、中間膜構成体、及び中間膜構成体を備える合わせパネル構成体の積層構造を図面を参照しつつより詳細に説明する。図1~8は、それぞれ本発明の実施形態に係る中間膜構成体を有する合わせパネル構成体を示す。
図1に示すように、合わせパネル構成体10は、中間膜構成体11と、2枚の透明パネル12、13を備える。中間膜構成体11は、2枚の透明パネル12、13の間に挟まれて配置され、2枚の透明パネル12、13は、中間膜構成体11を介して接着される。
また、本発明の好ましい実施形態において、中間膜構成体11は、図1に示す通り、第1の表面透明接着層31、第1の調光フィルム21、内部透明接着層30、第2の調光フィルム22、及び第2の表面透明接着層32をこの順に備える。そして、第1の表面透明接着層31及び第2の表面透明接着層32それぞれにより、各透明パネル12、13に接着される。
ただし、第1の調光フィルム21が第2の調光フィルム22よりも屋外側に配置されてもよい。
なお、透明パネル12、13の周縁部12A、13Aは、通常は厚さ方向に平面視すると互いに一致する位置に配置されるが、ずれることもある。同様に、調光フィルム21、22の周縁部21A、22Bは、通常は厚さ方向に平面視すると一致する位置に配置されるが、互いにずれることがある。そのため、これらがずれる場合には、最も近接する、透明パネルの周縁部と調光フィルムの周縁部の距離を上記距離Lとすればよいが、上記のとおり全周にわたって距離Lが上記範囲内であることがより好ましい。
封止材は、樹脂により構成されることが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂により構成されることが好ましい。封止材が熱可塑性樹脂で構成されると、封止材は、熱圧着により、透明パネルや、他の透明接着層に接着しやすくなる。
封止材に使用される熱可塑性樹脂は、透明接着層に使用できる熱可塑性樹脂として列挙したものを適宜選択して使用できる。上記樹脂を使用することで、比較的低温の熱圧着でも封止材を透明パネルや他の透明接着層に接着させることができ、熱圧着時の調光フィルムの損傷を防止できる。また、封止材に使用される熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂が好ましく、中でもポリビニルブチラール系樹脂がより好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール系樹脂を使用することで、透明パネル、特に無機ガラスからなる透明パネルに対する接着性が優れたものになる。また、透明接着層、調光フィルムなどに対する接着性も優れたものとなる。
したがって、中間膜構成体が、封止材に加えて、第1及び第2の表面透明接着層と、内部透明接着層とを備える場合、封止材、第1及び第2の表面透明接着層、並びに内部透明接着層に使用される熱可塑性樹脂は、いずれもポリビニルアセタール系樹脂が好ましく、いずれもポリビニルブチラール系樹脂がより好ましい。
封止材において、熱可塑性樹脂は、主成分となるとよく、その含有量は、封止材全量に対して、50質量%以上であるとよく、好ましくは70質量%以上であるとよく、さらに好ましくは80質量%以上である。
また、封止材は、必要に応じて、充填材、赤外線吸収剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、蛍光増白剤、結晶核剤、分散剤、染料、顔料、カルボン酸金属塩、遮熱材料等の可塑剤以外の添加剤を含有してもよい。
スペース37Aは、図6に示すように、例えば、第1の調光フィルム21の一部に切り欠きが設けられ、その切り欠き部分(スペース37A)にタッチセンサー37が設けられるとよい。
ただし、タッチセンサー37が設けられるスペース37Aは、第1の調光フィルム21の切り欠きに限定されず、第1及び第2の調光フィルム21、22、接着剤層30、31、32、封止材35の少なくともいずれかに設けられる切り欠き、中空部などにより構成されるとよい。
タッチセンサー37には、図示しない引き出し電極が接続されるが、引き出し電極は、中間膜構成体を構成する各層の間、封止材と透明パネルの間などを通って、外部に引き出されるとよい。
このような構成により、本実施形態では、合わせパネル構成体において、部分的にシェードしたりすることが可能になるので、ユーザービリティを高めることができる。
また、図6に示す実施形態は、封止材35が設けられる態様において、タッチセンサー37が設けられたが、例えば封止材35が設けられない図1に示す態様において、タッチセンサーが設けられてもよい。また、タッチセンサーが設けられる際の封止材35の態様は、図6に示す態様に限定されずいかなる態様でもよい。
図8は、透明接着層30が省略された実施形態を示す。図8に示すように、透明接着層30が省略される構成においては、第1及び第2の調光フィルム21、22が直接積層されるとよい。この際、調光フィルム21、22の基材フィルム同士が熱圧着などにより接着されてもよいが、接着されていなくてもよい。
また、第1及び第2の調光フィルム21、22の外周側には、封止材35が設けられ、その封止材35が、表面透明接着層31、32に接着され、一体化されるとよい。そして、一体化された表面透明接着層31、32及び封止材35は、これらの内部に埋設されるように配置された、第1及び第2の調光フィルム21、22を支持するとよい。
また、調光フィルムは互いに種類の異なる3種以上の調光フィルムが厚み方向に並べられてもよい。
(可視光線透過率)
本発明の中間膜構成体は、該中間膜構成体を用いて所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定される可視光線透過率が、第2の調光フィルムによって、1%以下に調整可能であることが好ましい。また、該可視光線透過率は、0.1%以上1%以下に調整可能であることが好ましく、0.2%以上1%以下に調整可能であることがより好ましい。この際、第2の調光フィルムは、光遮蔽モードにすることで、可視光線透過率を上記範囲内に調整するとよい。
上述したように、可視光線透過率を1%以下に調整できるようにすると、中間膜構成体において、熱線を十分に遮蔽し、例えば、自動車用窓ガラス、特にルーフガラスに使用した際には、車内が太陽光の照射によって暑くなることが防止される。また、0.1%以上にすると、一定の光が透過するので、中間膜構成体によって完全にシェードされることが防止され、一定の開放感も得られる。
なお、所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体とは、厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラス(可視光線透過率:90.4%)を、合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体を意味する。以下も同様である。
第1の調光フィルムが光透過モードである場合に、第2の調光フィルムによって可視光線透過率を10%以上に調整できるようにすると、合わせパネル構成体を介して外部を容易に視認可能になる。また、多くの外光を合わせパネル構成体を介して、内部に取り入れることが可能になるので、天候が悪い場合や夜間においても外光を一定量以上取り込むことが可能になり、そのような環境下でも開放感が得られる。
本発明の中間膜構成体は、該中間膜構成体を用いて所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるTds(Solar direct transmittance)が55%以下に調整可能であることが好ましい。第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるTdsを55%以下に調整可能であるとすると、中間膜構成体は、第1の調光フィルムが光透過モードであっても、一定以上の遮熱性が確保され、熱線の流入を有効に防止できる。
上記Tdsは、一定以上の遮熱性を確保するために、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モードの場合であっても上記のとおりに55%以下に調整できることが好ましいが、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モードの場合に50%以下に調整できることがより好ましい。第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードで、かつ第2の調光フィルムが光透過モードである場合には、一定の光透過性を確保する観点から、上記Tdsは、例えば30%以上に調整されるとよい。
本発明の中間膜構成体は、該中間膜構成体を用いて所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードにして測定されるヘイズ値が40%以下に調整可能であることが好ましい。該ヘイズ値を40%以下に調整可能とすると、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードにして際の光散乱が防止され、開放感が得られやすくなる。なお、該ヘイズ値は、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モードである場合に、40%以下であればよいが、十分な開放感を得るために、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モード及び光遮蔽モードのいずれにおいても40%以下にできることがより好ましい。
(可視光線透過率及びヘイズ値)
本発明の中間膜構成体は、該中間膜構成体を用いて所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光散乱モードにして測定されるヘイズ値が70%以上で、かつ可視光線透過率が20%以下に調整可能であることが好ましい。該ヘイズ値は、より好ましくは80%以上、さらに好ましくは90%以上であり、また、該可視光線透過率はより好ましくは10%以下、さらに好ましくは5%以下、よりさらに好ましくは1%以下である。本発明では、第1の調光フィルムを光散乱モードにした際、可視光線透過率を低くしつつ、ヘイズ値を高くすると、光散乱モードにした第1の調光フィルムによって、合わせパネル構成体が十分にシェードされる。
なお、中間膜構成体は、第2の調光フィルムが少なくとも光遮蔽モードである場合に、可視光線透過率及びヘイズ値を上記範囲内に調整できればよいが、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モード及び光遮蔽モードのいずれの場合においても、可視光線透過率及びヘイズ値が上記範囲内に調整できることが好ましい。
本発明の中間膜構成体は、該中間膜構成体を用いて所定の条件で作製された合わせパネル構成体において、第1の調光フィルムを光散乱モードにして測定されるTdsは、第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとし、かつ第2の調光フィルムを光遮蔽モードにした際のTdsよりも低くできることが好ましい。また、該Tdsは、好ましくは10%未満、より好ましくは6%未満である。該Tdsは、第2の調光フィルムが光透過モード及び光遮蔽モードのいずれの場合においても、上記範囲内に調整できるとよいが、第2の調光フィルムが光遮蔽モードの場合には、上記Tdsはさらに低くでき、好ましくは4%未満、さらに好ましくは3%未満にも調整できる。このように、本発明においては、Tdsの値を極めてく低くすることが可能であり、機械式シェードに比べて遜色ないレベルで遮熱することも可能である。
なお、可視光線透過率、Tds、及びヘイズ値の測定は、屋外に配置される側の面に光線束を入射させて、測定されればよい。したがって、上記した合わせパネル構成体10では、透明パネル13側(すなわち、第2の調光フィルム22側)から光線束を入射させて測定するとよい。
本発明の中間膜構成体及び合わせパネル構成体は、自動車などの各種車両、航空機、船舶、建築物等の窓ガラスに使用可能であるが、建築物用、自動車用として使用することが好ましい。
自動車では、窓ガラスを介して車外から熱線が車内に流入して、車内が暑くなることがある。同様に、建築物では、窓ガラスを介して熱線が建物内に流入して、建築物内部が暑くなることがあるが、本発明の中間膜構成体は、調光フィルムのモードを適宜組み合せて遮光することで、車内、又は建築物内部への熱線の流入を適切に防止することができる。
また、ルーフガラスは、好ましくは1m2以上、より好ましくは1.5m2以上の面積を有する。
したがって、ルーフガラスに適用する態様において、外部の状況に合わせて、太陽光によって車内が暑くなることを一定量抑制しつつ開放感を得たり、高い視認性により外部観察を可能にしたりすることができる。
さらに、第2の調光フィルムは、例えばSPDフィルムを使用すると、光透過モードにおいて印加される電圧値を調整することで、可視光線透過率を調整することも可能であるので、外部状況に合わせた光透過性の細かい調整も可能である。
本発明においては、中間膜構成体の製造においては、まず、第1及び第2の調光フィルムと、必要に応じて、透明接着層を形成するための接着層用樹脂フィルムを用意する。また、封止材を必要とする場合には、例えば、枠状などの形状に加工された封止材用樹脂フィルムを用意する。
そして、第1及び第2の調光フィルムと、接着層用樹脂フィルムとを適宜重ね合わせるとともに、調光フィルムの外周側に必要に応じて、封止材用樹脂フィルムを配置させ、これらを厚さ方向に加圧して熱圧着することで、中間膜構成体を製造できる。熱圧着する際の温度は、上記の通り、例えば30℃以上120℃以下であるが、好ましくは40℃以上100℃以下である。また、熱圧着する際の圧力は、特に限定されないが、負圧による圧着でもよく、例えばゲージ圧力で-780mbar程度としてもよい。
[可視光線透過率(Tv)]
JIS R3106:2019に準拠して、分光光度計(日立ハイテクノロジー社製「U-4100」)を用いて測定した。
[Tds]
分光光度計(日立ハイテクノロジー社製「U-4100」)を用いて、ISO 13837に準拠して、波長300~2500nmでのTdsを測定した。
[ヘイズ値(Haze)]
ヘイズメーター(東京電色社製「TC-HIIIDPK」)を用いて、JIS K6714に準拠して測定した。
なお、
まず、以下の各材料を用意した。各層の厚みは表1に記載の通りである。
透明パネル:JIS R 3202:2011に準拠した可視光線透過率が90.4%のクリアガラス板
第1の調光フィルム:ポリマー分散型液晶フィルム、Gauzy社製、電圧OFFで光散乱モード、電圧ON(70V)で光透過モード
第2の調光フィルム:SPDフィルム、Gauzy社製、電圧OFFで光遮蔽モード、電圧ON(70V)で光透過モード
第1及び第2の表面透明接着層及び内部透明接着層:可塑剤含有ポリビニルブチラール系樹脂からなる樹脂フィルム(1)、厚み0.38mm
第1及び第2の表面透明接着層用の樹脂フィルムとして、以下の樹脂フィルム(2)を用意した以外は、実施例1と同じ材料を用意した。
第1及び第2の表面透明接着層:積水化学工業株式会社製の「S―LEC Film ♯7082」(着色フィルム)、厚み0.38mm
透明接着層用の樹脂フィルムとして、厚み0.76mmの上記樹脂フィルム(1)に加えて、以下の樹脂フィルム(3)を用意した。また、実施例1と同様の第1の調光フィルム、透明パネルを用意した。
透明接着層(樹脂フィルム(3)):積水化学工業株式会社製の「S―LEC Film ♯7018」(着色フィルム)、厚み0.76mm
第1の調光フィルムの代わりに、第2の調光フィルムを使用して、中間膜構成体、及び合わせパネル構成体を得た以外は、比較例1と同様に実施した。合わせパネル構成体は、透明パネル/透明接着層/第2の調光フィルム/透明接着層/透明パネルの積層構造を有していた。
透明接着層用の樹脂フィルムとして、厚み0.76mmの上記樹脂フィルム(1)に加えて、以下の樹脂フィルム(4)を用意した。また、実施例1と同様の第1の調光フィルム、透明パネルを用意した。
透明接着層(樹脂フィルム(4)):積水化学工業株式会社製の「S-LEC Solar Control Film」、厚み0.76mm
第1の調光フィルムの代わりに、第2の調光フィルムを使用して、中間膜構成体、及び合わせパネル構成体を得た以外は、比較例3と同様に実施した。合わせパネル構成体は、透明パネル/透明接着層/第2の調光フィルム/透明接着層/透明パネルの積層構造を有していた。
透明接着層用の樹脂フィルムとして、厚み0.76mmの上記樹脂フィルム(1)を2枚を用意した。また、実施例1と同様の第1の調光フィルム、透明パネルを用意した。
樹脂フィルム(1)、第1の調光フィルム、及び樹脂フィルム(1)をこの順に重ね合わせて、実施例1と同様の条件で熱圧着することで、これらを一体化して、中間膜構成体を得た。得られた中間膜構成体により、実施例1と同様の方法で合わせパネル構成体を作製した。得られた合わせパネル構成体は、透明パネル/透明接着層/第1の調光フィルム/透明接着層/透明パネルの積層構造を有していた。
第1の調光フィルムの代わりに第2の調光フィルムを使用して、中間膜構成体、及び合わせパネル構成体を得た以外は、比較例5と同様に実施した。合わせパネル構成体は、透明パネル/透明接着層/第2の調光フィルム/透明接着層/透明パネルの積層構造を有していた。
それに対して、比較例1、3、5では、第2の調光フィルムがないので、第1の調光フィルをOFFにした場合には、低Tds値が得られ日射を十分に遮蔽できるものの、第1の調光フィルムをONにした際のTds値が大きく、十分な遮熱性を確保しながらも開放感を得ることが難しかった。また、比較例2、4、6では、第1の調光フィルムがないので、光遮蔽モードにしてもTds値が十分に低くならず遮熱性が不十分であった。
11 中間膜構成体
12A,13A,21A,22A,31A,32A,33A 周縁部
12、13 透明パネル
21 第1の調光フィルム
22 第2の調光フィルム
26A~26D セグメント
30 内部透明接着層
31 第1の表面透明接着層
32 第2の表面透明接着層
35 封止材
35A 第1の封止材
35B 第2の封止材
37 タッチセンサー
L 距離
Claims (18)
- 2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて使用される合わせパネル用中間膜構成体であって、
光透過及び光散乱を切替え可能な第1の調光フィルムと、可視光線透過率を調整可能な第2の調光フィルムとを備え、前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムが厚さ方向に並べられる合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。 - 前記第2の調光フィルムが前記第1の調光フィルムよりも屋外側に配置される請求項1に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1の調光フィルムと、前記第2の調光フィルムの間に配置され、これら調光フィルムを接着させる内部透明接着層を備える請求項1又は2に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムが前記内部透明接着層を介して熱圧着される請求項3に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 合わせパネル用中間膜構成体の最外面に表面透明接着層を備える請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定される可視光線透過率が、前記第2の調光フィルムによって、1%以下、及び10%以上に調整可能である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるTds(Solar direct transmittance)が55%以下に調整可能である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 厚さ2.5mmの2枚のクリアガラスを、前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体を介して接着させて得た合わせパネル構成体において、前記第1の調光フィルムを光透過モードとして測定されるヘイズ値が40%以下に調整可能である請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムは、それぞれの周縁部が前記透明パネルの周縁部から10mm以上内周側に配置される請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムの外周側に設けられる封止材を備える請求項9に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体の内部に、前記第1及び第2の調光フィルムの少なくともいずかを制御するタッチセンサーを備える請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1の調光フィルムが、独立に制御可能な複数のセグメントに分割される請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第1の調光フィルムが、ポリマー分散型液晶フィルム及びポリマーネットワーク型液晶のいずれかである請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 前記第2の調光フィルムが、エレクトロクロミックフィルム、SPDフィルム、及び電気泳動フィルムデバイスのいずれかである請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体。
- 請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせパネル用中間膜構成体と、2枚の透明パネルとを備え、
前記合わせパネル用中間膜構成体が前記2枚の透明パネルの間に挟まれて配置される合わせパネル構成体。 - 厚みが、7mm以下である請求項15に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
- 自動車ルーフガラス用である請求項15又は16に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
- 建築物用である請求項15又は16に記載の合わせパネル構成体。
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- 2021-11-05 US US18/034,970 patent/US20240017523A1/en active Pending
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WO2023072673A1 (de) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-05-04 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Verfahren zum schalten einer verbundscheibe mit elektrochromem funktionselement |
CN115157814A (zh) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-11 | 江苏双星彩塑新材料股份有限公司 | 一种调光内悬膜 |
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CN116360143A (zh) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 合肥精卓光电有限责任公司 | 一种复合型多态调光器件及其制备方法 |
CN116360144A (zh) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 合肥精卓光电有限责任公司 | 一种复合型多态调光器件及其制备方法 |
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CN116529221A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
MX2023004884A (es) | 2023-05-11 |
EP4242181A1 (en) | 2023-09-13 |
JPWO2022097739A1 (ja) | 2022-05-12 |
US20240017523A1 (en) | 2024-01-18 |
KR20230104141A (ko) | 2023-07-07 |
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