WO2022095286A1 - 一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2022095286A1
WO2022095286A1 PCT/CN2021/073528 CN2021073528W WO2022095286A1 WO 2022095286 A1 WO2022095286 A1 WO 2022095286A1 CN 2021073528 W CN2021073528 W CN 2021073528W WO 2022095286 A1 WO2022095286 A1 WO 2022095286A1
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epoxy
epoxy resin
based polymer
polymer material
agent
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PCT/CN2021/073528
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French (fr)
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李承辉
汪方周
何秀冲
赖建诚
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南京大学
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16Halogen-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/162Calcium, strontium or barium halides, e.g. calcium, strontium or barium chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16Halogen-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/164Aluminum halide, e.g. aluminium chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16Halogen-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/166Magnesium halide, e.g. magnesium chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16Halogen-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/168Zinc halides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045Sulfates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045Sulfates
    • C08K2003/3072Iron sulfates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, in particular to an epoxy resin-based polymer material and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Epoxy resin-based polymer materials have been widely used in mechanical, electrical, electronic and aerospace fields because of their excellent comprehensive properties.
  • the conventional epoxy resin is difficult to be repeatedly processed and formed after curing, so its application is greatly limited. Therefore, it is very important to overcome these defects, and if at the same time, it can be endowed with properties such as rapid stiffness change and self-healing, it will greatly expand the application of epoxy resin-based polymer materials.
  • plasticizers such as phthalates and phosphates
  • softeners polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polymerized fatty acid polyglycidyl ether, etc.
  • rubber toughening Such as nitrile rubber
  • the technical problems to be solved/objects achieved by the present invention at least include: providing an epoxy resin-based polymer material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the epoxy resin-based polymer material has good toughness and rapid stiffness change , Self-healing and repeated processing and forming ability.
  • the present invention provides an epoxy resin-based polymer material, which, in parts by mass, comprises the following preparation raw materials:
  • Metal salt additive 0 ⁇ 30 parts
  • the epoxy component includes epoxy component A, epoxy component B and epoxy component C;
  • the epoxy component A is a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and a nitrogen atom, a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and an oxygen atom, and a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and a sulfur atom. one or more of;
  • the epoxy component B is glycidyl ether epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, epoxy olefin resin, hydantoin epoxy resin , one or more of imide epoxy resin, naphthalene epoxy resin, organosilicon epoxy resin and organotitanium epoxy resin;
  • the epoxy component C is one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epoxy ethers and halogenated epoxy.
  • the ligand molecules containing epoxy groups and nitrogen atoms include pyridine ligand molecules containing epoxy groups, bipyridine ligand molecules containing epoxy groups, and epoxy group-containing ligand molecules.
  • terpyridine ligand molecules, triazine ligand molecules containing epoxy groups, Schiff base ligand molecules containing epoxy groups, epoxy groups containing single nitrogen atoms or polynitrogen alkanes One or more of tertiary amine ligand molecules and epoxy group-containing complex ligand molecules.
  • the ligand molecules containing epoxy groups and oxygen atoms include ketone ligand molecules containing epoxy groups, ether ligand molecules containing epoxy groups and esters containing epoxy groups One or more of the ligand-like molecules.
  • the epoxy group-containing and sulfur atom-containing ligand molecules include epoxy group-containing thioether-type ligand molecules and/or epoxy group-containing disulfide bond-type ligand molecules.
  • the glycidyl ether epoxy resin is one or more of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, bisphenol P, hydrogenated bisphenol A, novolac, and aliphatic epoxy resins.
  • the glycidylamine epoxy resin is glycidylaminotoluene methane and/or AFG-90 epoxy resin.
  • the glycidyl ester epoxy resin is one or more of diglycidyl phthalate, diglycidyl isophthalate and diglycidyl terephthalate.
  • the alicyclic epoxy resin is 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylate, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, One or more of methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate and dicyclopentadiene dioxide.
  • the epoxy olefin resin is epoxidized octene
  • the hydantoin epoxy resin is dimethyl hydantoin epoxy resin.
  • the imide epoxy resin is bismaleimide epoxy resin
  • the naphthalene-based epoxy resin is one or more of HP-4032, EXA-4700, EXA-4750 and EXA-7670.
  • the silicone epoxy resin is KSR177 and/or Si1700;
  • the organic titanium epoxy resin is n-butyl titanate silicon titanium epoxy resin.
  • the mass ratio of the epoxy component A, the epoxy component B and the epoxy component C is (0-99):(0-99):(0-99); and the epoxy component The mass of Part A, Epoxy Component B and Epoxy Component C are not 0 at the same time.
  • the mass ratio of the epoxy component A, the epoxy component B and the epoxy component C is (2-60):(0-50):(0-20).
  • the curing agent includes curing agent A, curing agent B and curing agent C;
  • the curing agent A is one or more of a ligand molecule containing a curing group and a nitrogen atom, a ligand molecule containing a curing group and an oxygen atom, and a ligand molecule containing a curing group and a sulfur atom. kind;
  • Described curing group is one or more in amine, acid anhydride, thiol and imidazole;
  • the curing agent B is one or more of phenolic resin, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane, polythiol and isocyanate;
  • the curing agent C is polyetheramine type curing agent, aliphatic amine type curing agent, alicyclic amine type curing agent, aromatic amine type curing agent, heterocyclic amine type curing agent, acid anhydride type curing agent, polyamide type curing agent and One or more of modified amine curing agents.
  • the ligand molecule containing a curing group and a nitrogen atom is a pyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, a bipyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, and a terpyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group
  • Ligand molecules triazole ligand molecules containing curing groups, Schiff base ligand molecules containing curing groups, alkyl tertiary amine ligands containing curing groups and containing single or multiple nitrogen atoms
  • One or more of the bulk molecule and the complex ligand molecule containing the curing group is a pyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, a bipyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, and a terpyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group
  • Ligand molecules triazole ligand molecules containing curing groups, Schiff base ligand molecules containing curing
  • the ligand molecules containing curing groups and oxygen atoms are ketone ligand molecules containing curing groups, ether ligand molecules containing curing groups, esters or amides containing curing groups One or more of ligand molecules and acid ligand molecules containing curing groups.
  • the ligand molecule containing a curing group and a sulfur atom is a sulfide-based ligand molecule containing a curing group and/or a disulfide bond-based ligand molecule containing a curing group.
  • the type of the polyetheramine curing agent is one or more of D230, D400, D2000, D4000 and EC301.
  • the fatty amine curing agent is ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, n-propylamine, di-n-propylamine, tri-n-propylamine, isopropylamine, triisopropylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine, tributylamine and methyldibutylamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, polyethylenepolyamine, dipropylenetriamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, diethylaminopropylamine, trimethylhexamethylene
  • the aromatic amine type curing agent is m-phenylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, diaminodiphenylsulfone, m-aminomethylamine, benzidine, 4-chloro-phthalic diamine One or more of amine, xylylenediamine trimer, xylylenediamine trimer derivative and bisbenzylamino ether.
  • the alicyclic amine curing agent is piperazine, aminoethylpiperazine, dimethylpiperazine, diaminomethylcyclohexane, montanediamine, aminoethyl oxazine, hexahydropyridine, One or more of isophorone diamine, diaminocyclohexane, diaminomethylcyclohexylmethane and diaminocyclohexylmethane.
  • the heterocyclic amine type curing agent is imidazole, imidazolidine, imidazoline, oxazole, pyrrole, thiazole, pyridine, pyrazine, morpholine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrrolidine, pyrazole and indole. one or more.
  • the acid anhydride type curing agent is succinic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, glycerol trimellitic anhydride, cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, dimaleic anhydride methyl ethyl benzene, dodecyl maleic anhydride dianhydride, maleic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxy dianhydride, trimellitic dianhydride, pyromellitic anhydride/maleic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, ethylene glycol Bis-trimellitic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, tauoleic anhydride, hexachloroendemethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, dichloromaleic anhydride, polyazelaic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, internal Methylenetetrahydrophthalic
  • the types of the polyamide curing agent are 200, 250, 300, 400, V115, 203, V125, V140, 500, 600, 650, 651 and 3051 one or more of the types.
  • the modified amine type curing agent is hydroxymethyldiethyltriamine, hydroxymethylethylenediamine, hydroxyethylethylenediamine, dihydroxyethylethylenediamine, hydroxyethyldiethylenetriamine , one or more of dihydroxyethyl diethylene triamine and hydroxyethyl hexylene diamine.
  • the mass ratio of the curing agent A, the curing agent B and the curing agent C is (0-99): (0-99): (0-99); and the curing agent A, the curing agent B and the curing agent The mass of agent C is not 0 at the same time.
  • the mass ratio of the curing agent A, the curing agent B and the curing agent C is (0.5-10):(0-5):(0-5).
  • the metal ions in the metal salt additive include Zn 2+ , Cu + , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Co 2+ , Co 3+ , Ni 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ca 2 One or more of + , Al 3+ , Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ , Li + , Na + , K + and Cs + .
  • the anions in the metal salt additive include Cl - , NO 3 - , CH 3 COO - , SO 4 2- , PO 4 3- , PO 3 - , ClO 4 - , SO 3 CF 3 - , BF 4 - and one or more of PF 6 - .
  • the preparation raw materials further include epoxy diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent.
  • the epoxy diluent is dodecyl glycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether and One or more of polyhydroxy polyethers.
  • the toughening agent is an ethylene propylene rubber type toughening agent, a polybutadiene rubber type toughening agent, a butyl rubber type toughening agent, a nitrile rubber type toughening agent, and a styrene butadiene rubber type toughening agent , Styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer type toughening agent, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer type toughening agent, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer type toughening agent , chlorinated polyethylene type toughening agent, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer type toughening agent, liquid polysulfide polymer type toughening agent and reactive polyurethane type epoxy toughening agent one or more.
  • the plasticizer is one or more of phthalate plasticizers, chlorinated paraffin, epoxidized soybean oil and dioctyl adipate.
  • the phthalate plasticizer is di-n-octyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, di-sec-octyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, Dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, and diisodecyl phthalate one or more of them.
  • the inorganic filler is clay, fiber, silica, carbon black, graphene, carbon nanotube, titanium dioxide, barium titanate, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, boron nitride, calcium carbonate, silicon nitride, metal One or more of powder and metal nanowires.
  • the metal species of the metal powder and the metal nanowire are independently silver and/or aluminum.
  • the anti-yellowing agent is an antioxidant and/or an anti-radiation agent.
  • the antioxidant is a main antioxidant and an auxiliary antioxidant
  • the main antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant
  • the auxiliary antioxidants are phosphites and/or thioesters.
  • the anti-radiation agent is a salicylate-based radiation absorber, a benzophenone-based radiation absorber, a benzotriazole-based radiation absorber, a substituted acrylonitrile-based radiation absorber, and a triazole-based radiation absorber.
  • a salicylate-based radiation absorber a benzophenone-based radiation absorber, a benzotriazole-based radiation absorber, a substituted acrylonitrile-based radiation absorber, and a triazole-based radiation absorber.
  • the coloring agent is an inorganic color additive and/or an organic color additive
  • the inorganic color additives include soot, chalk, cinnabar, laterite, realgar, natural iron oxide, wollastonite, barite powder, talc, mica powder, kaolin, titanium white, zinc barium white, lead chrome yellow and iron blue one or more of them;
  • the organic color additives include one or more of garcinia cambogia, alizarin red, indigo, scarlet pink, even pale yellow, phthalocyanine blue and quinacridone.
  • the solvent is benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, Chloroform, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ether, propylene oxide, ethylene glycol ether, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethyl acetate One or more of glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, benzyl alcohol, diethanolamine, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile.
  • the mass ratio of the epoxy component, epoxy diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent is (0-297):(0-30) :(0 ⁇ 20):(0 ⁇ 20):(0 ⁇ 50):(0 ⁇ 5):(0 ⁇ 10):(0 ⁇ 99);
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of the epoxy resin-based polymer material described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:
  • the preparation raw materials also include epoxy diluents, toughening agents, plasticizers, inorganic fillers, anti-yellowing agents, dyeing agents and solvents
  • the mixture obtained by the mixing is also included.
  • epoxy diluents, tougheners, plasticizers, inorganic fillers, anti-yellowing agents, colorants and solvents are also included.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the epoxy resin-based polymer material described in the above technical solution or the epoxy resin-based polymer material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in variable stiffness materials and 3D printing materials.
  • variable stiffness material is used as the material of the surgical orthopedic bracket
  • the surgical orthopedic bracket is a cervical orthopedic bracket, a spinal orthopedic bracket, a limb orthopedic bracket or a head orthopedic bracket.
  • the temperature stimulation range of 3D printing is 80-250° C.
  • the corresponding viscosity change range is 100-5000 Pa ⁇ S.
  • the present invention provides an epoxy resin-based polymer material, which comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by mass: 0-297 parts of epoxy component, 0-297 parts of curing agent, and 0-30 parts of metal salt additive; and The parts by mass of the epoxy component, curing agent and metal salt additive are not 0.
  • the epoxy component in the epoxy resin-based polymer material of the present invention and the metal ion in the metal salt additive will form a coordination bond, because the coordination bond will show different coordination configurations at different temperatures and coordination strength.
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material containing coordination bonds of the present invention also exhibits different mechanical properties at different temperatures, especially at higher temperatures, the epoxy resin-based polymer material
  • the material has better toughness, rapid stiffness change, repairability and repeated processing formability, which makes this kind of polymer material can be well used in the field of variable stiffness and 3D printing.
  • Fig. 1 is the stress-strain curve and repair curve of the epoxy resin-based polymer material prepared in Example 1;
  • Fig. 2 is the variable temperature DMA curve of the epoxy resin-based polymer material prepared in Example 1;
  • FIG. 3 is the stress-strain curve of the epoxy resin polymer material prepared in Comparative Example 1.
  • the invention provides an epoxy resin-based polymer material, which, in parts by mass, comprises the following preparation raw materials:
  • Metal salt additive 0 ⁇ 30 parts
  • the preparation raw materials of the epoxy resin-based polymer material include 0-297 parts of epoxy components, preferably 50-250 parts, more preferably 100-200 parts.
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material preferably includes epoxy component A, epoxy component B and epoxy component C; the epoxy component A, epoxy component B and epoxy component
  • the mass ratio of component C is preferably (0-99):(0-99):(0-99), and the epoxy component A, epoxy component B and epoxy component C have different masses when is 0, more preferably (2-60):(0-50):(0-20), most preferably (10-30):(10-35):(2-10).
  • the epoxy component A is a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and a nitrogen atom, a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and an oxygen atom, and a ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and a sulfur atom one or more of the ligand molecules.
  • the ligand molecule containing an epoxy group and a nitrogen atom preferably includes a pyridine-based ligand molecule containing an epoxy group, a bipyridine-based ligand molecule containing an epoxy group, a ring-containing Oxygen group-containing terpyridine ligand molecule, epoxy group-containing triazine ligand molecule, epoxy group-containing Schiff base ligand molecule, epoxy group-containing single nitrogen atom or more One or more of nitrogen atom alkyl tertiary amine ligand molecules and complex ligand molecules containing epoxy groups;
  • the epoxy group-containing pyridine ligand molecule is preferably one or more of them;
  • the bipyridine ligand molecule containing an epoxy group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the epoxy group-containing terpyridine ligand molecule is preferably and / or
  • the epoxy group-containing triazide ligand molecule is preferably one or more of them;
  • the Schiff base ligand molecule containing epoxy group is preferably and / or
  • the alkyl tertiary amine ligand molecule containing epoxy group and containing single nitrogen atom or polynitrogen atom is preferably one or more of them;
  • the epoxy group-containing complex ligand molecule is preferably one or more of them.
  • the epoxy group-containing and oxygen atom-containing ligand molecules preferably include epoxy group-containing ketone ligand molecules, epoxy group-containing ether ligand molecules and epoxy group-containing ligand molecules One or more of the ester ligand molecules of the group;
  • the ketone ligand molecule containing epoxy group is preferably and / or
  • the epoxy group-containing ether ligand molecule is preferably and / or
  • the epoxy group-containing ester ligand molecule is preferably and / or
  • the value ranges of m 1 and m 3 are independently preferably 1-20, and the value range of m 2 is preferably 1-100.
  • the epoxy group-containing and sulfur atom-containing ligand molecules preferably include epoxy group-containing thioether-type ligand molecules and/or epoxy group-containing disulfide bond-type ligand molecules ;
  • the epoxy group-containing thioether ligand molecule is preferably and / or Wherein, the value range of m 2 is preferably 1-100; the epoxy group-containing disulfide bond ligand molecule is preferably and / or
  • the present invention does not have any special limitation on the proportion of the above-mentioned specific substances, and it can be mixed according to any proportion.
  • the epoxy component B is preferably glycidyl ether epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, epoxy olefin resin , one or more of hydantoin epoxy resin, imide epoxy resin, naphthalene epoxy resin, organosilicon epoxy resin and organotitanium epoxy resin;
  • the glycidyl ether epoxy resin is preferably One or more of bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, bisphenol P, hydrogenated bisphenol A, novolac, and aliphatic epoxy resins;
  • the glycidylamine epoxy resin is preferably glycidol Aminotoluene methane and/or AFG-90 epoxy resin;
  • the glycidyl ester epoxy resin is preferably diglycidyl phthalate, diglycidyl isophthalate and diglycidyl terephthalate One or more of esters;
  • the epoxy component C is preferably one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epoxy ethers and halogenated epoxy.
  • the epoxy component C is two or more of the above-mentioned specific options, the present invention does not have any special limitation on the proportion of the above-mentioned specific substances, and the mixture can be carried out according to any proportion.
  • the raw materials for preparing the epoxy resin-based polymer material include 0-297 parts of curing agent, more preferably 50-240 parts, and most preferably 100-180 parts.
  • the curing agent preferably includes curing agent A, curing agent B and curing agent C, and the quality of curing agent A, curing agent B and curing agent C are not 0 at the same time;
  • the mass ratio of the curing agent B and the curing agent C is preferably (0-99):(0-99):(0-99), more preferably (0.5-10):(0-5):(0-5) , most preferably (1-5):(1-3):(0.5-2).
  • the curing agent A is preferably a ligand molecule containing a curing group and a nitrogen atom, a ligand molecule containing a curing group and an oxygen atom, and a ligand molecule containing a curing group and a sulfur atom
  • the curing group is preferably one or more of amine, acid anhydride, thiol and imidazole.
  • the ligand molecule containing a curing group and a nitrogen atom is preferably a pyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, a bipyridine-based ligand molecule containing a curing group, or a curing group-containing ligand molecule.
  • Terpyridine ligand molecules triazole ligand molecules containing curing groups, Schiff base ligand molecules containing curing groups, tertiary alkyl groups containing curing groups and containing single or multiple nitrogen atoms
  • One or more of amine ligand molecules and complex ligand molecules containing curing groups are particularly useful as Terpyridine ligand molecules, triazole ligand molecules containing curing groups, Schiff base ligand molecules containing curing groups, tertiary alkyl groups containing curing groups and containing single or multiple nitrogen atoms.
  • the pyridine ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the bipyridine ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the terpyridine ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the triazole ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the Schiff base ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably One or more of them, wherein X is a halogen atom;
  • the alkyl tertiary amine ligand molecule containing a curing group and containing a single nitrogen atom or multiple nitrogen atoms is preferably one or more of them;
  • the complex ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably one or more of them;
  • the ligand molecule containing a curing group and an oxygen atom is preferably a ketone ligand molecule containing a curing group, an ether ligand molecule containing a curing group, and an ester containing a curing group. Or one or more of amide ligand molecules and acid ligand molecules containing curing groups;
  • the ketone ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably One or more of them, wherein the value range of n 1 is preferably 1 to 20;
  • the ether ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably One or more of them; wherein, the value ranges of n 2 , n 3 , n 4 and n 5 are independently preferably 1-500.
  • the ester or amide ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably One or more of; in the present invention, the acid ligand molecule containing a curing group is preferably One or more of them; wherein, the value ranges of n 6 , n 7 , n 8 , n 9 and n 10 are independently preferably 1-20.
  • the ligand molecule containing a curing group and a sulfur atom is preferably a thioether-based ligand molecule containing a curing group and/or a disulfide bond-based ligand molecule containing a curing group;
  • the The thioether ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably and / or Wherein, the value range of m 2 is preferably 1 to 100;
  • the disulfide bond-type ligand molecule containing the curing group is preferably
  • the curing agent A when the curing agent A is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special limitation on the proportion of the above-mentioned specific substances, and can be mixed according to any proportion.
  • the curing agent B is preferably one or more of phenolic resin, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane, polythiol and isocyanate;
  • the phenolic resin is preferably Resol type phenolic resin and/or Or butanol-etherified diphenol-based propane formaldehyde resin;
  • the polysulfide rubber is preferably Thiokol;
  • the polyurethane is preferably OCNR-NHCOOR'COONH-RNCO (wherein R is -(CH 2 ) 6 -, and R' is -( CH 2 CH 2 O) n -, n value is 10-15);
  • the polythiol is preferably one or more of GPM800, GPM600 and GPM888;
  • the isocyanate is preferably MDI and/or TDI;
  • the curing agent B is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special limitation on the proportion of the above-mentioned specific substances, and can be mixed
  • the curing agent C is polyetheramine type curing agent, aliphatic amine type curing agent, alicyclic amine type curing agent, aromatic amine type curing agent, heterocyclic amine type curing agent, acid anhydride type curing agent, polymer One or more of amide type curing agent and modified amine type curing agent; in the present invention, the model of the polyetheramine type curing agent is preferably one of D230, D400, D2000, D4000 and EC301 or Several; Described aliphatic amine type curing agent is preferably ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, n-propylamine, di-n-propylamine, tri-n-propylamine, isopropylamine, triisopropylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine, tributylamine Amines and methyldibutylamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepent
  • the preparation raw materials of the epoxy resin-based polymer material include 0-30 parts of metal salt additives, preferably 0.5-10 parts, more preferably 2-5 parts.
  • the metal ions in the metal salt additive include Zn 2+ , Cu + , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Co 2+ , Co 3+ , Ni 2+ , Mg 2+ , One or more of Ca 2+ , Al 3+ , Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ , Li + , Na + , K + and Cs + ;
  • the anions in the metal salt additive include Cl - , NO 3 - One or more of , CH 3 COO - , SO 4 2- , PO 4 3- , PO 3 - , ClO 4 - , SO 3 CF 3 - , BF 4 - and PF 6 - .
  • the preparation raw materials of the epoxy resin-based polymer material preferably further include epoxy diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent.
  • the mass ratio of the epoxy component, epoxy diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent is preferably (0-297):(0-30):( 0 ⁇ 20):(0 ⁇ 20):(0 ⁇ 50):(0 ⁇ 5):(0 ⁇ 10):(0 ⁇ 99), and the epoxy component is not 0, the epoxy
  • the mass of diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent cannot be 0 at the same time, more preferably (50 ⁇ 250):(1 ⁇ 5):(1 ⁇ 10 ): (1-5): (1-10): (0.05-1.2): (1-15): (2-50), most preferably (100-200): (2-3): (4- 8): (
  • the epoxy diluent is preferably dodecyl glycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether One or more of glycerol ether and polyhydroxy polyether; when the epoxy diluent is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special restrictions on the proportioning of the above-mentioned specific substances, according to any The ratio can be mixed.
  • the toughening agent is preferably ethylene propylene rubber type toughening agent, polybutadiene rubber type toughening agent, butyl rubber type toughening agent, nitrile rubber type toughening agent, styrene butadiene rubber type toughening agent Toughening agent, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer type toughening agent, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer type toughening agent, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer type
  • One or more of toughening agent, chlorinated polyethylene toughening agent, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer toughening agent, liquid polysulfide polymer toughening agent and reactive polyurethane epoxy toughening agent when the toughening agent is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special limitation on the proportion of the above-menti
  • the plasticizer is preferably one or more of phthalate plasticizers (PAEs), chlorinated paraffin, epoxidized soybean oil and dioctyl adipate;
  • the phthalate plasticizer is preferably di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP or DnOP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di-sec-octyl phthalate (DCP), phthalate Dicyclohexyl formate (DCHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate
  • PEEs phthalate plasticizers
  • DINP diisononyl phthalate
  • DIDP diisodecyl phthalate
  • the inorganic filler is preferably clay, fiber, silica, carbon black, graphene, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, barium titanate, alumina, silicon oxide, boron nitride, calcium carbonate, nitride
  • the metal species is more preferably silver and/or aluminum; when the inorganic filler is two or more of the above specific choices, the present invention does not have any special restrictions on the proportion of the above specific substances, according to Any ratio can be mixed.
  • the role of the inorganic filler is to modify and fill.
  • the anti-yellowing agent is preferably an antioxidant and/or an anti-radiation agent;
  • the antioxidant is preferably a main antioxidant and an auxiliary antioxidant;
  • the main antioxidant is preferably a hindered antioxidant Phenolic antioxidant;
  • the role of the main antioxidant is to capture peroxidative free radicals;
  • the auxiliary antioxidant is preferably phosphites and/or thioesters;
  • the role of the auxiliary antioxidant is synergistic Promote the capture of free radicals or improve the efficiency;
  • the anti-radiation agent is preferably a salicylate radiation absorber, a benzophenone radiation absorber, a benzotriazole radiation absorber, a substituted acrylonitrile One or more of radiation absorbers and triazine radiation absorbers; when the anti-yellowing agent is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special ratios for the above-mentioned specific substances The limit of , can be mixed according to any ratio.
  • the coloring agent is preferably an inorganic color additive and/or an organic color additive;
  • the inorganic color additive preferably includes soot, chalk, cinnabar, laterite, realgar, natural iron oxide, wollastonite, barite powder , one or more of talc, mica powder, kaolin, titanium white, zinc barium white, lead chrome yellow and iron blue;
  • the organic color additives include garcinia cambogia, alizarin red, indigo, scarlet powder, even light One or more of yellow, phthalocyanine blue and quinacridone; when the coloring agent is two or more of the above-mentioned specific selections, the present invention does not have any special restrictions on the proportioning of the above-mentioned specific substances, according to Any ratio can be mixed.
  • the solvent is preferably benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, pentane, hexane, octane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, toluene cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene Methyl chloride, chloroform, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, diethyl ether, propylene oxide, ethylene glycol ether, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl One or more of ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, acetonitrile, pyridine, phenol, benzyl alcohol, diethanolamine, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile, more
  • the present invention also provides the preparation method of the epoxy resin-based polymer material described in the above technical solution, including the following content:
  • the mixing is preferably that the epoxy component and the curing agent are mixed and then mixed with the metal salt additive.
  • the present invention does not have any special limitation on the mixing manner, and the mixing can be performed in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention also preferably includes mixing the obtained mixture with epoxy diluent, toughening agent, plasticizer, inorganic filler, anti-yellowing agent, coloring agent and solvent;
  • the mixing is not particularly limited, and the mixture obtained after the mixing can be uniformly mixed by adopting a process well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention does not have any special limitation on the curing, and can be performed by a process well known to those skilled in the art.
  • variable stiffness material is preferably used as a material for a surgical orthopedic bracket; the surgical orthopedic bracket is preferably a cervical orthopedic bracket, a spinal orthopedic bracket, a limb orthopedic bracket or a head orthopedic bracket.
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material when used as a variable stiffness material, it is used that the variable stiffness material is in a state of low stiffness when heated, and under the action of an external force, the material can adapt to a specific shape, so as to achieve the fit of the required orthopedic part; when cooling, the material is in a state of high stiffness, and it is difficult for external forces to change the shape of the material, thereby realizing the fixation of the orthopedic part.
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material when used as a 3D printing material, it is used that the epoxy resin-based polymer material will correspond to the change in stiffness due to the change of temperature.
  • the material has a certain fluidity, the material has the properties of 3D printing.
  • the temperature stimulus used for 3D printing ranges from 80 to 250°C, and the corresponding viscosity change ranges from 5000Pa ⁇ S to 100mPa ⁇ S.
  • the curing agent A, the curing agent B and the curing agent C are mixed uniformly to obtain the curing agent;
  • the epoxy component and the curing agent are mixed evenly, they are mixed with a metal salt additive, an epoxy diluent, a toughening agent, a plasticizer, an inorganic filler, an anti-yellowing agent, a coloring agent and a solvent, and are cured to obtain the obtained epoxy resin.
  • a metal salt additive an epoxy diluent, a toughening agent, a plasticizer, an inorganic filler, an anti-yellowing agent, a coloring agent and a solvent, and are cured to obtain the obtained epoxy resin.
  • Storage modulus use the DMA function of the DHR rheometer of TA company in the United States to test the storage modulus;
  • Modulus decay rate calculation formula [storage modulus at room temperature-(storage modulus at Tg+20°C)]/storage modulus at room temperature ⁇ 100%.
  • Repeated processing and molding The material that has been formed and has the ability to be repeatedly processed and formed is heated to a certain temperature (>Tg) to make it into a viscous flow state, which can flow into the mold for re-molding. After cooling, good mechanical properties are obtained and can meet application requirements.
  • Tg a certain temperature
  • the material after repeated molding can be tested for various indicators according to the above test standards.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B KSR177
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polyurethane (structural formula is: Wherein R is -(CH 2 ) 6 -, R' is -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n -, and the value of n is 10-15);
  • Curing agent C polyamide 650;
  • Epoxy thinner 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler calcium carbonate
  • Anti-yellowing agent hindered phenol antioxidant
  • Coloring agent phthalocyanine blue
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material prepared in Example 1 was tested for Tg, modulus, repair efficiency and repeated processing and molding.
  • test process is to use DSC to measure Tg and TA, use DMA to measure modulus, and mechanical testing machine to measure strength and self-healing efficiency according to standard ISO 527-2.
  • Figure 1 shows the stress-strain curve (ie, the original sample) and the repair curve (ie, the repaired sample) of the epoxy resin-based polymer material. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the material is fractured The elongation at break is nearly 10%, and the strength is about 40Mpa, which reflects good strength and toughness. At the same time, it has good self-healing property.
  • Figure 2 is the temperature-variable DMA curve of the epoxy resin-based polymer material; it can be seen from Figure 2 that the material has strong temperature sensitivity and can achieve a sharp reduction in modulus within a narrow temperature range. It can be seen from Table 6 that the material still has good mechanical properties after being repeatedly processed and formed for three times.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy Component C Ethylene Oxide
  • Curing agent B G600;
  • Curing agent C aminoethylpiperazine curing agent
  • Epoxy thinner XY692
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler white carbon black
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy resin (structural formula is
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol G888
  • Curing agent C piperazine
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent core-shell rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler silicon micropowder
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-44 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent C triethylenetetramine
  • Metal salt additive copper sulfate
  • Inorganic filler calcium carbonate
  • Coloring agent phthalocyanine blue
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B Resol type phenolic resin
  • Curing agent C isophorone diamine
  • Epoxy diluent diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive ferrous sulfate
  • Toughening agent ABS toughening agent
  • Plasticizer di-n-octyl phthalate
  • Anti-yellowing agent salicylic acid
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy Component B Resol Novolac Epoxy
  • Curing agent B polythiol GP600
  • Epoxy thinner phenyl glycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive magnesium nitrate
  • Toughening agent butyl rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 1;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol P-type epoxy resin
  • Curing agent B isocyanate
  • Epoxy thinner polyhydroxy polyether
  • Metal salt additive potassium nitrate
  • Toughening agent ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Inorganic filler alumina
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzotriazole
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B hydrogenated bisphenol A
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol G600;
  • Curing agent C dimethylaminopropylamine
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive sodium acetate
  • Toughening agent CTBN
  • Plasticizer diethyl phthalate
  • Anti-yellowing agent diphenylamine
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B TMPMP (trimethylolpropane trimercaptopropionate);
  • Curing agent C diamine methyl cyclohexane
  • Metal salt additive cesium sulfate
  • Toughening agent methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer
  • Plasticizer diisobutyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler graphene
  • Anti-yellowing agent p-phenylenediamine
  • Coloring agent smoke black
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E51 epoxy resin
  • Curing agent C m-xylylenediamine
  • Epoxy thinner XY692 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive manganese nitrate
  • Toughening agent diethyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler glass fiber
  • Anti-yellowing agent dichloroquinoline
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E44 epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C epichlorohydrin
  • Curing agent B isocyanate
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive copper sulfate
  • Toughening agent ethylene propylene rubber
  • Plasticizer chlorinated paraffin
  • Inorganic fillers carbon nanotubes
  • Coloring agent Zinc barium white
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Epoxy component B Hydantoin epoxy resin
  • Curing agent B polyurethane
  • Curing agent C 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine
  • Epoxy diluent butanediol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive aluminum trichloride
  • Toughening agent styrene butadiene rubber
  • Plasticizer Epoxidized soybean oil
  • Inorganic filler barium sulfate
  • Anti-yellowing agent 2,6-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol
  • Coloring agent iron blue
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 2;
  • Example 7 Example 8
  • Example 9 Example 10
  • Example 12 Epoxy Component A 10 5 7 13 15 twenty two Epoxy Component B 26 33 28 twenty three 16 twenty one Epoxy component C 0 2 3 0 6 0
  • Hardener Part A 3 2 1 3 2 0.5 Hardener Part B 2 1 3 0 1
  • Epoxy component B imide epoxy resin
  • Curing agent B MDI
  • Epoxy thinner LITE2020 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive cobalt chloride
  • Toughening agent polybutadiene rubber
  • Inorganic filler silicon nitride
  • Anti-yellowing agent bis(3,5-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide; solvent: ethylene glycol monomethyl ether;
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component B HP-4032;
  • Epoxy component C imidazole
  • Curing agent B polysulfide rubber
  • Curing agent C imidazole
  • Epoxy thinner XY692 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive magnesium nitrate
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dioctyl oxalate
  • Inorganic filler bentonite
  • Anti-yellowing agent tetrakis[beta-(3,5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid];
  • Coloring agent iron red
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B organic titanium epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C epichlorohydrin
  • Curing agent C imidazoline
  • Epoxy thinner a mixture of XY622 and XY692 with a mass ratio of 1:1;
  • Metal salt additive nickel chloride
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B phenolic epoxy resin
  • Curing agent C pyridine
  • Metal salt additive potassium sulfate
  • Toughening agent styrene-butadiene thermoplastic elastomer
  • Plasticizer di-n-octyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler aluminum chloride
  • Anti-yellowing agent pentaerythritol ester
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polyurethane resin
  • Curing agent C thiohydrophthalic anhydride
  • Epoxy diluent a mixture of XY692 and AGE in a mass ratio of 1:1;
  • Metal salt additive ferric nitrate
  • Toughening agent chlorinated polyethylene toughening agent
  • Plasticizer di-sec-octyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler aluminum hydroxide
  • Anti-yellowing agent thiodipropionate diester
  • Dyeing agent indigo
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C Brominated ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol
  • Metal salt additive calcium chloride
  • Toughening agent MX153 toughening agent
  • Plasticizer dicyclohexyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler silica
  • Anti-yellowing agent phosphite
  • Coloring agent big red powder
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 3.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B hydrogenated bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Curing agent B TDI
  • Metal salt additive lithium acetate
  • Toughening agent none;
  • Inorganic filler none;
  • Anti-yellowing agent none;
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B novolac epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C Brominated propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polysulfide rubber
  • Curing agent C maleic anhydride
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive sodium sulfate
  • Toughening agent styrene butadiene rubber
  • Plasticizer dicyclohexyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler carbon black
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Coloring agent quinacridone
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-44 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B phenolic resin
  • Curing agent C polyamide 650;
  • Epoxy thinner XY622 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive sodium nitrate
  • Toughening agent polyurethane rubber
  • Plasticizer diisononyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler carbon black
  • Anti-yellowing agent diphenylamine
  • Coloring agent wollastonite
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-54 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C chloroethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B isocyanate
  • Curing agent C polyamide V140;
  • Epoxy thinner NX-202x epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive cobalt nitrate
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer diisodecyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler boron nitride
  • Anti-yellowing agent p-phenylenediamine
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-54 type epoxy resin
  • Curing agent B polysulfide rubber
  • Curing agent C hydroxymethyldiethyltriamine
  • Epoxy thinner NX-202x epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive manganese sulfate
  • Toughening agent MX154 toughening agent
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler white carbon black
  • Anti-yellowing agent dichloroquinoline
  • Coloring agent iron red
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-55 epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C epichlorohydrin
  • Curing agent B isocyanate
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive aluminum trichloride
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler silica
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Coloring agent phthalocyanine blue
  • Solvent ethylene glycol ether
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 4.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-56 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ether epoxy
  • Curing agent B phenolic resin
  • Curing agent C dihydroxyethylethylenediamine
  • Epoxy diluent butanediol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive ferrous sulfate
  • Toughening agent butyl rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler aluminum hydroxide
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent natural iron oxide
  • Solvent isopropyl alcohol
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 5.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B E-56 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol
  • Curing agent C piperazine
  • Epoxy thinner XY622 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive cobalt chloride
  • Toughening agent styrene butadiene rubber
  • Plasticizer diethyl phthalate
  • Inorganic fillers carbon nanowires
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzotriazole
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in Table 5.
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C epichlorohydrin
  • Curing agent B polythiol
  • Curing agent C aminoethylpiperazine
  • Epoxy thinner XY692 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive ferric sulfate
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer Epoxidized soybean oil
  • Anti-yellowing agent phosphite
  • Coloring agent wollastonite
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 5;
  • Epoxy component A is:
  • Epoxy component B novolac epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol GP600
  • Curing agent C polyetheramine D400;
  • Epoxy thinner XY692 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive zinc sulfate
  • Toughening agent butyl rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler calcium carbonate
  • Dyeing agent iron oxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 5;
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol GP800
  • Curing agent C diaminocyclohexylmethane
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additives magnesium chloride
  • Toughening agent isobutyl rubber
  • Plasticizer butyl benzyl phthalate
  • Inorganic filler silica
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Coloring agent big red powder
  • Solvent ethylene glycol ether
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 5;
  • Epoxy component B E-51 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent B polythiol GP600
  • Curing agent C polyamide 650;
  • Epoxy thinner XY692 epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive zinc nitrate
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler alumina
  • Anti-yellowing agent phosphite
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 5;
  • Epoxy component A is: E51 epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component B KSR177
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent B polyurethane (structural formula is: Wherein R is -(CH 2 ) 6 -, R' is -(CH 2 CH 2 O) n -, and the value of n is 10-15);
  • Curing agent C polyamide 650;
  • Epoxy thinner 1,4-Butanediol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler calcium carbonate
  • Anti-yellowing agent hindered phenol antioxidant
  • Coloring agent phthalocyanine blue
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • the epoxy resin-based polymer material prepared in the non-coordination example 1 was subjected to tensile strain test and modulus test, and the modulus decay rate was calculated.
  • the tensile strain data are shown in Figure 3.
  • the modulus decay rate is shown in Table 12.
  • Epoxy component A is: E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component B E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy Component C Ethylene Oxide
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent B G600;
  • Curing agent C aminoethylpiperazine curing agent
  • Epoxy thinner XY692
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent nitrile rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler white carbon black
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • Epoxy component A is: E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component B bisphenol F epoxy resin (structural formula is );
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent B polythiol G888
  • Curing agent C piperazine
  • Epoxy thinner AGE epoxy thinner
  • Metal salt additive zinc chloride
  • Toughening agent core-shell rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Inorganic filler silicon micropowder
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • Epoxy component A is: E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component B E-44 type epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C ethylene oxide
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent C triethylenetetramine
  • Metal salt additive copper sulfate
  • Inorganic filler calcium carbonate
  • Coloring agent phthalocyanine blue
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • Epoxy component A is: E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy component C propylene oxide
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent B Resol type phenolic resin
  • Curing agent C isophorone diamine
  • Epoxy diluent diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive ferrous sulfate
  • Toughening agent ABS toughening agent
  • Plasticizer di-n-octyl phthalate
  • Anti-yellowing agent salicylic acid
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • Epoxy component A is: E-51 type bisphenol A epoxy resin
  • Epoxy Component B Resol Novolac Epoxy
  • Curing agent A polyamide 650;
  • Curing agent B polythiol GP600
  • Epoxy thinner phenyl glycidyl ether
  • Metal salt additive magnesium nitrate
  • Toughening agent butyl rubber
  • Plasticizer dimethyl phthalate plasticizer
  • Anti-yellowing agent benzophenone
  • Dyeing agent titanium dioxide
  • each component consumption is as shown in table 11;
  • Example 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 12, wherein the coordination systems from top to bottom are Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, and Example 5. , Example 6; the non-coordinating system from top to bottom is Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6;

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Abstract

本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明提供的环氧树脂基高分子材料中的配位基团与金属盐添加剂中的金属离子会形成配位键,由于配位键的配位构型和配位强度会受到温度的影响,因此,本发明所述的含有配位键的环氧树脂基高分子材料在不同的温度下也会呈现出不同的力学性能,特别是在较高的温度下,由于配位键具有更好的动态性,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料将具有更好的韧性、快速变刚度性、可自修复性及反复加工成型性,使得此类高分子材料能够很好地应用于变刚度领域和3D打印领域。

Description

一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用
本申请要求于2020年11月03日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011208504.4、发明名称为“一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
环氧树脂基高分子材料因其具有优异的综合性能,在机械、电气、电子和航空航天等领域得到广泛的应用。但是常规的环氧树脂由于存在韧性不足,固化后难以反复加工成型的缺陷,使其应用受到很大的限制。因此,克服这些缺陷非常重要,而如果同时能赋予其快速变刚度、可自修复性等特性,则会极大地拓展环氧树脂基高分子材料的应用。在以往的研究中,通过加入一些增塑剂(如邻苯二甲酸酯和磷酸酯类)和增柔剂(聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚合脂肪酸多缩水甘油醚等)以及橡胶增韧(如丁腈橡胶)的方法可提高环氧树脂的韧性。但是,也会对机械性能造成影响,且由于普通交联环氧内部是牢固的共价键连接的,因此也无法实现自修复、反复加工成型等要求。因此,如何同时解决环氧树脂基高分子材料的韧性、快速变刚度、可自修复性及反复加工成型问题是目前人们需要解决的一个难题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题/达到的目的至少包括:提供一种环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料具有较好的韧性、快速变刚度性、可自修复性及反复加工成型能力。
为实现上述目的,本发明公开了下述技术方案:
本发明提供一种环氧树脂基高分子材料,按质量份数计,包括以下制备原料:
环氧组分        0~297份
固化剂          0~297份
金属盐添加剂    0~30份;
且所述环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂的质量份数不为0。
优选的,所述环氧组分包括环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C;
所述环氧组分A为含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子和含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种;
所述环氧组分B为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、脂环族环氧树脂、环氧烯烃类树脂、海因环氧树脂、酰亚胺环氧树脂、萘系环氧树脂、有机硅环氧树脂和有机钛环氧树脂中的一种或几种;
所述环氧组分C为环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧醚类和卤代类环氧中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三氮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有环氧基团且含有单氮原子或多氮原子烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有环氧基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的酮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的醚类配体分子和含有环氧基团的酯类配体分子中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有环氧基团的二硫键类配体分子。
优选的,所述缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂为双酚A、双酚F、双酚S、双酚P、氢化双酚A、酚醛型、脂肪族环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂为缩水甘油胺基甲苯甲烷和/或AFG-90环氧树脂。
优选的,所述缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂为邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、间苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯和对苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述脂环族环氧树脂为3,4-环氧环己基甲基-3,4-环氧环己基 甲酸酯、1,2-环氧-4-乙烯基环己烷、3,4-环氧环己烷羧酸甲酯和二氧化双环戊二烯中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述环氧烯烃类树脂为环氧化辛烯;
所述海因环氧树脂为二甲基海因环氧树脂。
优选的,所述酰亚胺环氧树脂为双马来酰亚胺环氧树脂;
所述萘系环氧树脂为HP-4032、EXA-4700、EXA-4750和EXA-7670中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述有机硅环氧树脂为KSR177和/或Si1700;
所述有机钛环氧树脂为钛酸正丁酯硅钛环氧树脂。
优选的,所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量比为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99);且所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量不同时为0。
优选的,所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量比为(2~60):(0~50):(0~20)。
优选的,所述固化剂包括固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C;
所述固化剂A为含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子和含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种;
所述固化基团为胺、酸酐、硫醇和咪唑中的一种或几种;
所述固化剂B为酚醛树脂、聚硫橡胶、聚氨酯、聚硫醇和异氰酸酯中的一种或几种;
所述固化剂C为聚醚胺型固化剂、脂肪胺型固化剂、脂环胺型固化剂、芳香胺型固化剂、杂环胺型固化剂、酸酐型固化剂、聚酰胺型固化剂和改性胺型固化剂中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三氮唑类配体分子、含有固化基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有固化基团且含单氮原子或多氮原子的烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的酮类配体分子、含有固化基团的醚类配体分子、含有固化基团的酯类或酰胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的酸类配体分子中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有固化基团的二硫键类配体分子。
优选的,所述聚醚胺型固化剂的型号为D230、D400、D2000、D4000和EC301中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述脂肪胺型固化剂为乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、正丙胺、二正丙胺、三正丙胺、异丙胺、三异丙胺、丁胺、二丁胺、三丁胺和甲基二丁胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺、多乙烯多胺、二丙烯三胺、二甲胺基丙胺、二乙胺基丙胺、三甲基六亚甲基二胺、二已基三胺、已二胺改性物、已二胺加合物、已二胺、三甲基已二胺和二乙胺中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述芳香胺型固化剂为间苯二胺、间苯二甲胺、二氨基二苯基甲烷、二氨基二苯基砜、间氨基甲胺、联苯胺、4-氯邻苯二胺、苯二甲胺三聚体、苯二甲胺三聚体衍生物和双苄胺基醚中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述脂环胺型固化剂为哌嗪、氨乙基哌嗪,二甲基哌嗪、二氨甲基环已烷、孟烷二胺、氨乙基呱嗪、六氢吡啶、异佛尔酮二胺、二氨基环已烷、二氨甲基环已基甲烷和二氨基环已基甲烷中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述杂环胺型固化剂为咪唑、咪唑烷、咪唑啉、噁唑、吡咯、噻唑、吡啶、吡嗪、吗啉、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡咯烷,吡唑和吲哚中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述酸酐型固化剂为琥珀酸酐、六氢苯二甲酸酐、甘油三偏苯三酸酐、环戊烷四酸二酐、二顺丁烯二酸酐基甲乙苯、十二烷基代顺丁烯二酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐、二苯酮四羧基二酸酐、偏苯四酸二酐、均苯四甲酸酐/顺酐、均苯四甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、乙二醇双偏苯三酸酐酯、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、桐油酸酐、六氯内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、二氯代顺丁烯二酸酐、聚壬二酸酐、戊二酸酐、内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基内次甲 基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐和苯酮四羧酸二酐中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述聚酰胺型固化剂的型号为200型、250型、300型、400型、V115型、203型、V125型、V140型、500型、600型、650型、651型和3051型中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述改性胺型固化剂为羟甲基二乙基三胺、羟甲基乙二胺、羟乙基乙二胺、二羟乙基乙二胺、羟乙基二乙烯三胺、二羟乙基二乙烯三胺和羟乙基已二胺中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量比为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99);且所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量不同时为0。
优选的,所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量比为(0.5~10):(0~5):(0~5)。
优选的,所述金属盐添加剂中的金属离子包括Zn 2+、Cu +、Cu 2+、Fe 2+、Fe 3+、Co 2+、Co 3+、Ni 2+、Mg 2+、Ca 2+、Al 3+、Mn 2+、Mn 4+、Li +、Na +、K +和Cs +中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述金属盐添加剂中的阴离子包括Cl -、NO 3 -、CH 3COO -、SO 4 2-、PO 4 3-、PO 3 -、ClO 4 -、SO 3CF 3 -、BF 4 -和PF 6 -中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述制备原料还包括环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂。
优选的,所述环氧稀释剂为十二烷基缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、苄基缩水甘油醚、苯基缩水甘油醚和多羟基聚醚中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述增韧剂为乙丙橡胶型增韧剂、聚丁二烯橡胶型增韧剂、丁基橡胶型增韧剂、丁腈橡胶型增韧剂、丁苯橡胶型增韧剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体型增韧剂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物型增韧剂、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物型增韧剂、氯化聚乙烯型增韧剂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型增韧剂、液体聚硫高分子型增韧剂和活性聚氨酯型环氧增韧剂中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂、氯化石蜡、环氧大豆 油和己二酸二辛酯中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯、邻苯二甲酸二仲辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯和邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述无机填料为粘土、纤维、白炭黑、碳黑、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化钛、钛酸钡、氧化铝、氧化硅、氮化硼、碳酸钙、氮化硅、金属粉末和金属纳米线中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述金属粉末和金属纳米线的金属种类独立的为银和/或铝。
优选的,所述抗黄化剂为抗氧剂和/或抗辐照剂。
优选的,所述抗氧剂为主抗氧剂和辅助抗氧剂;
所述主抗氧剂为受阻酚抗氧剂;
所述辅助抗氧剂为亚磷酸酯类和/或硫代酯类。
优选的,所述抗辐照剂为水杨酸酯类辐照吸收剂、二苯甲酮类辐照吸收剂、苯并三唑类辐照吸收剂、取代丙烯腈类辐照吸收剂和三嗪类辐照吸收剂中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述染色剂为无机颜色添加剂和/或有机颜色添加剂;
所述无机颜色添加剂包括烟黑、白垩、朱砂、红土、雄黄、天然氧化铁、硅灰石、重晶石粉、滑石粉、云母粉、高岭土、钛白、锌钡白、铅铬黄和铁蓝中的一种或几种;
所述有机颜色添加剂包括藤黄、茜素红、靛青、大红粉、偶淡黄、酞菁蓝和喹吖啶酮中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、环己烷、环己酮、甲苯环己酮、氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、全氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙醚、环氧丙烷、乙烯乙二醇醚、醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚、乙腈、吡啶、苯酚、苯甲醇、二乙醇胺、四氢呋喃和乙腈中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述环氧组分、环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、 抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂的质量比为(0~297):(0~30):(0~20):(0~20):(0~50):(0~5):(0~10):(0~99);
且所述环氧组分不为0。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂混合后,进行固化,得到所述环氧树脂基高分子材料。
优选的,当制备原料中还包括环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂时,所述混合后,还包括将所述混合得到的混合物与环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂混合。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料或上述技术方案所述制备方法制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料在变刚度材料和3D打印材料中的应用。
优选的,所述变刚度材料作为外科矫形支架的材料;
所述外科矫形支架为颈椎矫形支架、脊柱矫形支架、四肢矫形支架或头部矫形支架。
优选的,当所述环氧树脂基高分子材料作为3D打印材料时:3D打印的温度刺激范围为80~250℃,对应的粘度变化范围为100~5000Pa·S。
本发明提供了一种环氧树脂基高分子材料,按质量份数计,包括以下制备原料:环氧组分0~297份,固化剂0~297份,金属盐添加剂0~30份;且所述环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂的质量份数不为0。本发明所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料中的环氧组分与金属盐添加剂中的金属离子会形成配位键,由于配位键在不同的温度下会呈现出不同的配位构型和配位强度。因此,本发明所述的含有配位键的环氧树脂基高分子材料在不同的温度下也会呈现出不同的力学性能,特别是在较高的温度下,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料具有更好的韧性、快速变刚度性、可修复性及反复加工成型性,使得此类高分子材料能够很好地应用于变刚度领域和3D打印领域。
说明书附图
图1为实施例1制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料的应力-应变曲线和修复曲线;
图2为实施例1制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料的变温DMA曲线;
图3为对比例1制备得到的环氧树脂高分子材料的应力-应变曲线。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种环氧树脂基高分子材料,按质量份数计,包括以下制备原料:
环氧组分        0~297份
固化剂          0~297份
金属盐添加剂    0~30份;
且所述环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂的质量份数不为0。
在本发明中,若无特殊说明,所有原料组分均为本领域技术人员熟知的市售产品。
在本发明中,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备原料包括0~297份环氧组分,优选为50~250份,更优选为100~200份。在本发明中,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料优选包括环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C;所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量比优选为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99),且所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量不同时为0,更优选为(2~60):(0~50):(0~20),最优选为(10~30):(10~35):(2~10)。
在本发明中,所述环氧组分A为含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子和含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种。在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子优选包括含有环氧基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三氮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有环氧基团且含有单氮原子或多氮原子烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有环氧基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团的吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000002
中的一种或几种;
所述含有环氧基团的二联吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000004
中的一种或几种;
所述含有环氧基团的三联吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000005
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000006
所述含有环氧基团的三氮类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000008
中的一种或几种;
所述含有环氧基团的席夫碱类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000009
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000010
所述含有环氧基团且含有单氮原子或多氮原子烷基叔胺类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000011
中的一种或几种;
所述含有环氧基团的复合型配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000013
中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子优选包括含有环氧基团的酮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的醚类配体分子和含有环氧基团的酯类配体分子中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团的酮类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000014
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000015
所述含有环氧基团的醚类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000016
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000017
所述含有环氧基团的酯类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000018
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000019
其中m 1和m 3的取值范围独立的优选为1~20,m 2的取值范围优选为1~100。
在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子优选包括含有环氧基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有环氧基团的二硫键类配体分子;
在本发明中,所述含有环氧基团的硫醚类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000020
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000021
其中m 2的取值范围优选为1~100;所述含有环氧基团的二硫键类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000022
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000023
当所述环氧组分A为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述环氧组分B优选为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、脂环族环氧树脂、环氧烯烃类树脂、海因环氧树脂、酰亚胺环氧树脂、萘系环氧树脂、有机硅环氧树脂和有机钛环氧树脂中的一种或几种;所述缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂优选为双酚A、双酚F、双酚S、双酚P、氢化双酚A、酚醛型、脂肪族环氧树脂中的一种或几种;所述缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂优选为缩水甘油胺基甲苯甲烷和/或AFG-90环氧树脂;所述缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂优选为邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、间苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯和对苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯中的一种或几种;所述脂环族环氧树脂优选为3,4-环氧环己基甲基-3,4-环氧环己基甲酸酯、1,2-环氧-4-乙烯基环己烷、3,4-环氧环己烷羧酸甲酯和二氧化双环戊二烯中的一种或几种;所述环氧烯烃类树脂优选为环氧化辛烯;所述海因环氧树脂优选为二甲基海因环氧树脂;所述酰亚胺环氧树脂优选为双马来酰亚胺环氧树脂;所述萘系环氧树脂优选为HP-4032、EXA-4700、EXA-4750和EXA-7670中的一种或几种;所述有机硅环氧树脂优选为KSR177和/或Si1700;所述有机钛环氧树脂优选为钛酸正丁酯硅钛环氧树脂。当所述环氧组分B为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述环氧组分C优选为环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧醚类和卤代类环氧中的一种或几种。当所述环氧组分C为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
以所述环氧组分的重量分数计,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备原料包括0~297份固化剂,更优选为50~240份,最优选为100~180份。在本发明中,所述固化剂优选包括固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C,且所 述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量不同时为0;所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量比优选为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99),更优选为(0.5~10):(0~5):(0~5),最优选为(1~5):(1~3):(0.5~2)。
在本发明中,所述固化剂A优选为含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子和含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种;所述固化基团优选为胺、酸酐、硫醇和咪唑中的一种或多种。在本发明中,所述含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子优选为含有固化基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三氮唑类配体分子、含有固化基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有固化基团且含单氮原子或多氮原子的烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000026
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的二联吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000028
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的三联吡啶类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000030
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的三氮唑类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000032
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的席夫碱类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000034
中的一种或几种,其中,X为卤素原子;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团且含单氮原子或多氮原子的烷基叔胺类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000036
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的复合型配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000038
中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子优选为含有固化基团的酮类配体分子、含有固化基团的醚类配体分子、含有固化基团的酯类或酰胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的酸类配体分子中的一种或几种;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的酮类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000039
中的一种或几种,其中n 1的取值范围优选为1~20;
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的醚类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000041
中的一种或几种;其中,n 2、n 3、n 4和n 5的取值范围独立的优选为1~500。
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团的酯类或酰胺类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000043
中的一种或几种;在本发明中,所述含有固化基团 的酸类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000044
中的一种或几种;其中,n 6、n 7、n 8、n 9和n 10的取值范围独立的优选为1~20。
在本发明中,所述含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子优选为含有固化基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有固化基团的二硫键类配体分子;所述含有固化基团的硫醚类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000045
和/或
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000046
其中,m 2的取值范围优选为1~100;所述含有固化基团的二硫键类配体分子优选为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000048
在本发明中,当所述固化剂A为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述固化剂B优选为酚醛树脂、聚硫橡胶、聚氨酯、聚硫醇和异氰酸酯中的一种或几种;在本发明中,所述酚醛树脂优选为Resol型酚醛树脂和/或丁醇醚化二酚基丙烷甲醛树脂;所述聚硫橡胶优选为Thiokol;所述聚氨酯优选为OCNR-NHCOOR’COONH-RNCO(其中R为-(CH 2) 6-,R'为-(CH 2CH 2O) n-,n值为10~15);所述聚硫醇优选为GPM800、GPM600和GPM888中的一种或几种;所述异氰酸酯优选为MDI和/或TDI;当所述固化剂B为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述固化剂C为聚醚胺型固化剂、脂肪胺型固化剂、脂环胺型固化剂、芳香胺型固化剂、杂环胺型固化剂、酸酐型固化剂、聚酰胺型固化剂和改性胺型固化剂中的一种或几种;在本发明中,所述聚醚胺型固化剂的型号优选为D230、D400、D2000、D4000和EC301中的一种或几种;所述脂肪胺型固化剂优选为乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、正丙胺、 二正丙胺、三正丙胺、异丙胺、三异丙胺、丁胺、二丁胺、三丁胺和甲基二丁胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺、多乙烯多胺、二丙烯三胺、二甲胺基丙胺、二乙胺基丙胺、三甲基六亚甲基二胺、二已基三胺、已二胺改性物、已二胺加合物、已二胺、三甲基已二胺和二乙胺中的一种或几种;所述芳香胺型固化剂优选为间苯二胺、间苯二甲胺、二氨基二苯基甲烷、二氨基二苯基砜、间氨基甲胺、联苯胺、4-氯邻苯二胺、苯二甲胺三聚体、苯二甲胺三聚体衍生物和双苄胺基醚中的一种或几种;所述脂环胺型固化剂优选为哌嗪、氨乙基哌嗪,二甲基哌嗪、二氨甲基环已烷、孟烷二胺、氨乙基呱嗪、六氢吡啶、异佛尔酮二胺、二氨基环已烷、二氨甲基环已基甲烷和二氨基环已基甲烷中的一种或几种;所述杂环胺型固化剂优选为咪唑、咪唑烷、咪唑啉、噁唑、吡咯、噻唑、吡啶、吡嗪、吗啉、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡咯烷,吡唑和吲哚中的一种或几种;所述酸酐型固化剂优选为琥珀酸酐、六氢苯二甲酸酐、甘油三偏苯三酸酐、环戊烷四酸二酐、二顺丁烯二酸酐基甲乙苯、十二烷基代顺丁烯二酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐、二苯酮四羧基二酸酐、偏苯四酸二酐、均苯四甲酸酐/顺酐、均苯四甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、乙二醇双偏苯三酸酐酯、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、桐油酸酐、六氯内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、二氯代顺丁烯二酸酐、聚壬二酸酐、戊二酸酐、内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐和苯酮四羧酸二酐中的一种或几种;所述聚酰胺型固化剂的型号优选为200型、250型、300型、400型、V115型、203型、V125型、V140型、500型、600型、650型、651型和3051型中的一种或几种;所述改性胺型固化剂优选为羟甲基二乙基三胺、羟甲基乙二胺、羟乙基乙二胺、二羟乙基乙二胺、羟乙基二乙烯三胺、二羟乙基二乙烯三胺和羟乙基已二胺中的一种或几种;当所述固化剂C为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
以所述环氧组分的重量分数计,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备原料包括0~30份的金属盐添加剂,优选为0.5~10份,更优选为2~5份。在本发明中,所述金属盐添加剂中的金属离子包括Zn 2+、Cu +、Cu 2+、Fe 2+、 Fe 3+、Co 2+、Co 3+、Ni 2+、Mg 2+、Ca 2+、Al 3+、Mn 2+、Mn 4+、Li +、Na +、K +和Cs +中的一种或几种;所述金属盐添加剂中的阴离子包括Cl -、NO 3 -、CH 3COO -、SO 4 2-、PO 4 3-、PO 3 -、ClO 4 -、SO 3CF 3 -、BF 4 -和PF 6 -中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备原料还优选包括环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂。所述环氧组分、环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂的质量比优选为(0~297):(0~30):(0~20):(0~20):(0~50):(0~5):(0~10):(0~99),且所述环氧组分不为0,所述环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料剂、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂的质量不能同时为0,更优选为(50~250):(1~5):(1~10):(1~5):(1~10):(0.05~1.2):(1~15):(2~50),最优选为(100~200):(2~3):(4~8):(1.5~3):(2~8):(0.1~0.6):(1~5):(10~30)。
在本发明中,所述环氧稀释剂优选为十二烷基缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、苄基缩水甘油醚、苯基缩水甘油醚和多羟基聚醚中的一种或几种;当所述环氧稀释剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述增韧剂优选为乙丙橡胶型增韧剂、聚丁二烯橡胶型增韧剂、丁基橡胶型增韧剂、丁腈橡胶型增韧剂、丁苯橡胶型增韧剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体型增韧剂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物型增韧剂、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物型增韧剂、氯化聚乙烯型增韧剂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型增韧剂、液体聚硫高分子型增韧剂和活性聚氨酯型环氧增韧剂中的一种或几种,当所述增韧剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述增塑剂优选为邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂(PAEs)、氯化石蜡、环氧大豆油和己二酸二辛酯中的一种或几种;所述邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂优选为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP或DnOP)、邻苯二甲酸 丁苄酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二仲辛酯(DCP)、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯(DCHP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)和邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)中的一种或几种;当所述增塑剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述无机填料优选为粘土、纤维、白炭黑、碳黑、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化钛、钛酸钡、氧化铝、氧化硅、氮化硼、碳酸钙、氮化硅、金属粉末和金属纳米线中的一种或几种;本发明对所述金属粉末和金属纳米线的金属种类没有任何特殊的限定,采用本领域技术人员熟知的种类即可。在本发明中,所述金属种类更优选为银和/或铝;当所述无机填料为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述无机填料的作用是改性、填充。
在本发明中,所述抗黄化剂优选为抗氧剂和/或抗辐照剂;所述抗氧剂优选为主抗氧剂和辅助抗氧剂;所述主抗氧剂优选为受阻酚抗氧剂;所述主抗氧剂的作用是捕捉过氧化自由基;所述辅助抗氧剂优选为亚磷酸酯类和/或硫代酯类;所述辅助抗氧剂的作用是协同促进捕捉自由基或者提高效率;所述抗辐照剂优选为水杨酸酯类辐照吸收剂、二苯甲酮类辐照吸收剂、苯并三唑类辐照吸收剂、取代丙烯腈类辐照吸收剂和三嗪类辐照吸收剂中的一种或几种;当所述抗黄化剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述染色剂优选为无机颜色添加剂和/或有机颜色添加剂;所述无机颜色添加剂优选包括烟黑、白垩、朱砂、红土、雄黄、天然氧化铁、硅灰石、重晶石粉、滑石粉、云母粉、高岭土、钛白、锌钡白、铅铬黄和铁蓝中的一种或几种;所述有机颜色添加剂包括藤黄、茜素红、靛青、大红粉、偶淡黄、酞菁蓝和喹吖啶酮中的一种或几种;当所述染色剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任 何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
在本发明中,所述溶剂优选为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、环己烷、环己酮、甲苯环己酮、氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、全氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙醚、环氧丙烷、乙烯乙二醇醚、醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚、乙腈、吡啶、苯酚、苯甲醇、二乙醇胺、四氢呋喃和乙腈中的一种或几种,更优选为乙醇或丙酮;当所述溶剂为上述具体选择中的两种以上时,本发明对上述具体物质的配比没有任何特殊的限定,按任意配比进行混合即可。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备方法,包括以下内容:
将环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂混合后,进行固化,得到所述环氧树脂基高分子材料。
在本发明中,所述混合优选为将环氧组分和固化剂混合后再与金属盐添加剂混合。
本发明对所述混合的方式没有任何特殊的限定,采用本领域技术人员熟知的方式进行混合即可。
所述混合完成后,本发明还优选包括将所述混合得到的混合物与环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂混合;本发明对所述混合没有任何特殊的限定,采用本领域技术人员熟知的过程并能够使所述混合后得到的混合物混合均匀即可。
本发明对所述固化没有任何特殊的限定,采用本领域技术人员熟知的过程进行即可。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料或上述技术方案所述的制备方法制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料在变刚度材料和3D打印材料中的应用。在本发明中,所述变刚度材料优选作为外科矫形支架的材料;所述外科矫形支架优选为颈椎矫形支架、脊柱矫形支架、四肢矫形支架或头部矫形支架。在本发明中,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料作为变刚度材料时,利用的是所述变刚度材料在加热时,材料处于低刚度 的状态,在外力的作用下,材料可以适应特定的形状,从而实现对所需要矫形部位的贴合;当冷却时,材料处于高刚度的状态,外力难以改变材料的形状,从而实现对矫形部位的固定。
在本发明中,所述环氧树脂基高分子材料作为3D打印材料时,利用的是所述环氧树脂基高分子材料会由于温度的变化对应着刚度的变化,当温度升高到足以使材料产生一定流动性时,材料便具备了3D打印性质,其中,用于3D打印的温度刺激的取值范围为80~250℃,对应的粘度变化范围为5000Pa·S~100mPa·S。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的环氧树脂基高分子材料及其制备方法和应用进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1~30及对比的非配位实施例1~6(即对比例1~6)所述的环氧树脂高分子材料的制备方法:
将环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C混合均匀,得到环氧组分;
将固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C混合均匀,得到固化剂;
将所述环氧组分和固化剂混合均匀后,与金属盐添加剂、环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂混合,进行固化得到所述环氧树脂基高分子材料;
测试标准:
储能模量:采用美国TA公司的DHR型流变仪的DMA功能进行储能模量测试;
自修复效率:测试样条切断后,对界面进行固定和自修复,测试一定时间后的拉伸强度与原始强度的比例;拉伸强度测试标准为:ISO 527-2;
模量衰减率计算公式:[室温储能模量-(Tg+20℃)时的储能模量]/室温储能模量×100%。
反复加工成型:将已成型且具有反复加工成型能力的材料加热到一定温度(>Tg),使之成为粘流态,可以流入模具再次成型。冷却后获得良好的机械性能并能满足应用要求。反复成型后的材料可以按上述测试标准进行各项指标测试。
实施例1
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000049
环氧组分B:KSR177;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000050
固化剂B:聚氨酯(结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000051
其中R为-(CH 2) 6-,R'为-(CH 2CH 2O) n-,n值为10~15);
固化剂C:聚酰胺650;
环氧稀释剂:1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:碳酸钙;
抗黄化剂:受阻酚抗氧剂;
染色剂:酞菁蓝;
溶剂:苯甲醇;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
将实施例1制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料进行Tg、模量、修复效率及反复加工成型测试。
测试过程分别为采用DSC方式测Tg、TA的流变仪用DMA测模量、力学试验机按标准ISO 527-2测试强度及自修复效率。
测试结果如图1和图2所示,其中图1为所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的应力-应变曲线(即原始样品)和修复曲线(即修复后样品),由图1可知材料断裂时断裂伸长率近10%,强度约40Mpa,体现了较好的强度和韧性。同时具有较好的自修复性。
图2为所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的变温DMA曲线;由图2可知,材料具有较强的温度敏感性,可以实现窄温度范围内模量的急剧降低。 由表6可知材料经过3次反复加工成型后仍具有较好的机械性能。
实施例2
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000052
环氧组分B:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000053
固化剂B:G600;
固化剂C:氨乙基哌嗪固化剂;
环氧稀释剂:XY692
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:白炭黑;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:二氯甲烷;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
实施例3
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000054
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧树脂(结构式为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000055
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000056
固化剂B:聚硫醇G888
固化剂C:哌嗪;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:核壳橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:硅微粉;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:丙酮;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
实施例4
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000057
环氧组分B:E-44型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000058
固化剂C:三乙烯四胺;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸铜;
无机填料:碳酸钙;
染色剂:酞菁蓝;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
实施例5
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000059
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000060
固化剂B:Resol型酚醛树脂;
固化剂C:异氟尔酮二胺;
环氧稀释剂:二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸亚铁;
增韧剂:ABS增韧剂;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯;
抗黄化剂:水杨酸;
溶剂:二甲苯;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
实施例6
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000061
环氧组分B:Resol酚醛环氧
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000062
固化剂B:聚硫醇GP600;
环氧稀释剂:苯基缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸镁;
增韧剂:丁基橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
上述各组分用量如表1所示;
表1实施例1~6所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
环氧组分A 30 20 10 15 44 35
环氧组分B 5 12 20 23 0 7
环氧组分C 4 5 1 3 3 0
固化剂组分A 1 2 1 1 3 0.5
固化剂组分B 1 1 2 0 1 4
固化剂组分C 3 1 3 2 3 0
环氧稀释剂 1 2 2 0 1 3
金属盐添加剂 3 4 3 2 1 2
增韧剂 6 8 5 0 3 7
增塑剂 1 2 1 0 2 4
无机填料 2 3 2 1 0 0
抗黄化剂 0.1 0.2 0.3 0 0.05 0.1
染色剂 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0 1
溶剂 5 3 10 0 20 0
实施例1~6所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数如表6所示:表6实施例1~6所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000063
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000064
实施例7
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000065
环氧组分B:双酚P型环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000066
固化剂B:异氰酸酯;
环氧稀释剂:多羟基聚醚;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸钾;
增韧剂:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物;
无机填料:氧化铝;
抗黄化剂:苯并三唑;
染色剂:白垩;
溶剂:氯苯;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
实施例8
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000067
环氧组分B:氢化双酚A;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000068
固化剂B:聚硫醇G600;
固化剂C:二甲氨基丙胺;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:醋酸钠;
增韧剂:CTBN;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二乙酯;
抗黄化剂:二苯胺;
染色剂:铅铬黄;
溶剂:环己烷;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
实施例9
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000069
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000070
固化剂B:TMPMP(三羟甲基丙烷三巯基丙酸酯);
固化剂C:二胺甲基环己烷;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸铯;
增韧剂:甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯;
无机填料:石墨烯;
抗黄化剂:对苯二胺;
染色剂:烟黑;
溶剂:氯仿;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
实施例10
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000071
环氧组分B:E51环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000072
固化剂C:间苯二甲胺;
环氧稀释剂:XY692环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸锰;
增韧剂:邻苯二甲酸二乙酯;
无机填料:玻璃纤维;
抗黄化剂:二氯喹啉;
染色剂:红土;
溶剂:乙醇;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
实施例11
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000073
环氧组分B:E44环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧氯丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000074
固化剂B:异氰酸酯;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸铜;
增韧剂:乙丙橡胶;
增塑剂:氯化石蜡;
无机填料:碳纳米管;
染色剂:锌钡白;
溶剂:四氢呋喃;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
实施例12
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000075
m 1=8;
环氧组分B:海因环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000076
固化剂B:聚氨酯;
固化剂C:4-氯邻苯二胺;
环氧稀释剂:丁二醇二缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:三氯化铝;
增韧剂:丁苯橡胶;
增塑剂:环氧大豆油;
无机填料:硫酸钡;
抗黄化剂:2,6-三级丁基-4-甲基苯酚;
染色剂:铁蓝;
溶剂:丙酮;
上述各组分用量如表2所示;
表2实施例7~12所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 实施例7 实施例8 实施例9 实施例10 实施例11 实施例12
环氧组分A 10 5 7 13 15 22
环氧组分B 26 33 28 23 16 21
环氧组分C 0 2 3 0 6 0
固化剂组分A 3 2 1 3 2 0.5
固化剂组分B 2 1 3 0 1 2.5
固化剂组分C 0 0.8 0.3 0.5 0 1
环氧稀释剂 3 1 0 3 2 6
金属盐添加剂 1 0.5 0.8 1.6 2.2 1.2
增韧剂 5 6 3 0 2.5 1
增塑剂 0 2 1 1.5 2.5 0.2
无机填料 5 0 3 10 12 7
抗黄化剂 0.1 0.3 0.5 1.0 0 0.8
染色剂 0 1 2 2.5 3.5 0.7
溶剂 15 10 16 20 33 50
实施例7~12所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数如表7所示:
表7实施例7~12所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000077
实施例13
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000078
m 3=8;
环氧组分B:酰亚胺环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000079
固化剂B:MDI;
环氧稀释剂:LITE2020环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:氯化钴;
增韧剂:聚丁二烯橡胶;
无机填料:氮化硅;
抗黄化剂:双(3,5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)硫醚;溶剂:乙二醇单甲醚;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
实施例14
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000080
m 2=40~50;
环氧组分B:HP-4032;
环氧组分C:咪唑;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000081
固化剂B:聚硫橡胶;
固化剂C:咪唑;
环氧稀释剂:XY692环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸镁;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:乙二酸二辛酯;
无机填料:膨润土;
抗黄化剂:四[β-(3,5-三级丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸];
染色剂:铁红;
溶剂:吡啶;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
实施例15
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000082
环氧组分B:有机钛环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧氯乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000083
固化剂C:咪唑啉;
环氧稀释剂:质量比为1:1的XY622和XY692的混合物;
金属盐添加剂:氯化镍;
染色剂:藤黄;
溶剂:环己酮;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
实施例16
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000084
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000085
其中n 1=4;
固化剂B:酚醛环氧树脂;
固化剂C:吡啶;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸钾;
增韧剂:苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯;
无机填料:氯化铝;
抗黄化剂:季戊四醇酯;
染色剂:茜素红;
溶剂:苯乙烯;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
实施例17
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000086
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000087
n 9=8;
固化剂B:聚氨酯树脂;
固化剂C:硫氢苯二甲酸酐;
环氧稀释剂:质量比为1:1的XY692和AGE的混合物;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸铁;
增韧剂:氯化聚乙烯增韧剂;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二仲辛酯;
无机填料:氢氧化铝;
抗黄化剂:硫代二丙酸双酯;
染色剂:靛青;
溶剂:氯苯;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
实施例18
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000088
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:溴代环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000089
其中m 2=10~15;
固化剂B:聚硫醇;
金属盐添加剂:氯化钙;
增韧剂:MX153增韧剂;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二环己酯;
无机填料:二氧化硅;
抗黄化剂:亚磷酸酯;
染色剂:大红粉;
上述各组分用量如表3所示;
表3实施例13~18所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 实施例13 实施例14 实施例15 实施例16 实施例17 实施例18
环氧组分A 10 2 6 20 18 32
环氧组分B 26 35 23 14 0 2
环氧组分C 0 0 3 2 10 1
固化剂组分A 3 2 5 1 0.8 2.7
固化剂组分B 2 2 0 3 4 1.5
固化剂组分C 0 1 1.5 1.2 0.7 0
环氧稀释剂 3 0.3 1.2 0 1.8 6
金属盐添加剂 1 2 2 1.5 2.6 1.2
增韧剂 5 1.5 0 2.3 4 3
增塑剂 0 1.6 2.8 3.5 4.7 6
无机填料 5 4 0 10 1.8 2
抗黄化剂 0.1 0.2 0 0.8 0.6 1.2
染色剂 0 2 6 3.5 4 2.2
溶剂 15 10 25 40 8 0
实施例13~18所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数如表8所示:
表8实施例13~18所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000090
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000091
实施例19
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000092
环氧组分B:氢化双酚A环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000093
固化剂B:TDI;
固化剂C:无
金属盐添加剂:醋酸锂;
增韧剂:无;
无机填料:无;
抗黄化剂:无;
溶剂:无;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
实施例20
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000094
环氧组分B:酚醛环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:溴代环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000095
固化剂B:聚硫橡胶;
固化剂C:顺丁烯二酸酐;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸钠;
增韧剂:丁苯橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二环己酯;
无机填料:炭黑;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:喹吖啶酮;
溶剂:三氯乙烯;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
实施例21
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000096
环氧组分B:E-44型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000097
固化剂B:酚醛树脂;
固化剂C:聚酰胺650;
环氧稀释剂:XY622环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸钠;
增韧剂:聚氨酯橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯;
无机填料:炭黑;
抗黄化剂:二苯胺;
染色剂:硅灰石;
溶剂:戊烷;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
实施例22
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000098
环氧组分B:E-54型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:氯代环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000099
固化剂B:异氰酸酯;
固化剂C:聚酰胺V140;
环氧稀释剂:NX-202x环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸钴;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯;
无机填料:氮化硼;
抗黄化剂:对苯二胺;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:醋酸乙酯;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
实施例23
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000100
环氧组分B:E-54型环氧树脂;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000101
固化剂B:聚硫橡胶;
固化剂C:羟甲基二乙基三胺;
环氧稀释剂:NX-202x环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸锰;
增韧剂:MX154增韧剂;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:白炭黑;
抗黄化剂:二氯喹啉;
染色剂:铁红;
溶剂:二甲基亚砜;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
实施例24
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000102
环氧组分B:E-55型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧氯丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000103
固化剂B:异氰酸酯;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:三氯化铝;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:二氧化硅;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:酞菁蓝;
溶剂:乙烯乙二醇醚;
上述各组分用量如表4所示;
表4实施例19~24所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 实施例19 实施例20 实施例21 实施例22 实施例23 实施例24
环氧组分A 10 6 8 2 14 23
环氧组分B 26 33 27 36 21 8
环氧组分C 0 1 2 4 0 7
固化剂组分A 3 1 0.8 2.6 4 5
固化剂组分B 2 2.4 2 1.3 1 0.8
固化剂组分C 0 0.6 1.3 0.2 0.7 0
环氧稀释剂 0 1 3 2.7 2.0 3.3
金属盐添加剂 1 0.4 2.2 3.1 0.7 1.4
增韧剂 0 6 13 0.8 2.2 2.9
增塑剂 0 1 3 0.2 1.5 4
无机填料 0 3 2 1 10 16
抗黄化剂 0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.6
染色剂 0 1 3 2 7 10
溶剂 0 13 6 2 14 38
实施例19~24所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数如表9所示:
表9实施例19~24所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000104
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000105
实施例25
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000106
环氧组分B:E-56型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:醚类环氧;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000107
固化剂B:酚醛树脂;
固化剂C:二羟乙基乙二胺;
环氧稀释剂:丁二醇二缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸亚铁;
增韧剂:丁基橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:氢氧化铝;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:天然氧化铁;
溶剂:异丙醇;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
实施例26
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000108
环氧组分B:E-56型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000109
固化剂B:聚硫醇;
固化剂C:哌嗪;
环氧稀释剂:XY622环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:氯化钴;
增韧剂:丁苯橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二乙酯;
无机填料:碳纳米线;
抗黄化剂:苯并三唑;
染色剂:钛白;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
实施例27
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000110
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧氯丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000111
固化剂B:聚硫醇;
固化剂C:氨乙基哌嗪;
环氧稀释剂:XY692环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸铁;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:环氧大豆油;
抗黄化剂:亚磷酸酯;
染色剂:硅灰石;
溶剂:丙醇;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
实施例28
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000112
环氧组分B:酚醛环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000113
固化剂B:聚硫醇GP600;
固化剂C:聚醚胺D400;
环氧稀释剂:XY692环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸锌;
增韧剂:丁基橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:碳酸钙;
染色剂:氧化铁;
溶剂:甲苯;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
实施例29
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000114
其中m 1=4;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000115
其中n 1=6;
固化剂B:聚硫醇GP800;
固化剂C:二氨基环己基甲烷;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:氯化镁;
增韧剂:异丁橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯;
无机填料:二氧化硅;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:大红粉;
溶剂:乙烯乙二醇醚;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
实施例30
环氧组分A为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000116
其中m 3=4;
环氧组分B:E-51型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000117
n 6=8;
固化剂B:聚硫醇GP600;
固化剂C:聚酰胺650;
环氧稀释剂:XY692环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸锌;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:氧化铝;
抗黄化剂:亚磷酸酯;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:丙酮;
上述各组分用量如表5所示;
表5实施例25~30所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 实施例25 实施例26 实施例27 实施例28 实施例29 实施例30
环氧组分A 30 33 20 17 21 29
环氧组分B 5 2 11 7 0 1
环氧组分C 4 2 1.3 2.0 3 6
固化剂组分A 1 0.7 2.1 3 0.5 1.2
固化剂组分B 1 3.2 0.8 0.2 2.4 1.3
固化剂组分C 3 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.8 1.7
环氧稀释剂 1 2 6 4 3.3 0.9
金属盐添加剂 3 1 1.5 2.3 0.8 1.1
增韧剂 6 4 10 18 20 7
增塑剂 1 1 3 7 8 13
无机填料 2 2 0 18 7 12
抗黄化剂 0.1 0.2 0.05 0 1.1 0.7
染色剂 0.1 7 12 0.8 6 2
溶剂 5 0 13 22 7 30
实施例25~30所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数如表10所示:
表10实施例25~30所述环氧树脂基高分子材料的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000118
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000119
对比例1
环氧组分A为:E51环氧树脂;
环氧组分B:KSR177;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂B:聚氨酯(结构式为:
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000120
其中R为-(CH 2) 6-,R'为-(CH 2CH 2O) n-,n值为10~15);
固化剂C:聚酰胺650;
环氧稀释剂:1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:碳酸钙;
抗黄化剂:受阻酚抗氧剂;
染色剂:酞菁蓝;
溶剂:苯甲醇;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
将非配位实施例1制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料进行拉伸应变测试及模量测试,并计算模量衰减率。拉伸应变数据见图3。模量衰减率见表12。
由图3可知,非配位体系的断裂伸长率明显更低。从表12可知模量衰减也不如配位体系的急剧。
测试非配位体系的自修复性能时,发现非配位体系不具有自修复性能。
测试非配位体系的反复加工成型性能时,发现在240℃及更高温度下,各对比实施例的材料均处于不融状态,无法进入粘流态,因此也不具备反复加工成型性能。
对比例2
环氧组分A为:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂
环氧组分B:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂B:G600;
固化剂C:氨乙基哌嗪固化剂;
环氧稀释剂:XY692
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:丁腈橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:白炭黑;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:二氯甲烷;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
对比例3
环氧组分A为:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分B:双酚F环氧树脂(结构式为
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000121
);
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂B:聚硫醇G888
固化剂C:哌嗪;
环氧稀释剂:AGE环氧稀释剂;
金属盐添加剂:氯化锌;
增韧剂:核壳橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
无机填料:硅微粉;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
溶剂:丙酮;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
对比例4
环氧组分A为:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分B:E-44型环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧乙烷;
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂C:三乙烯四胺;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸铜;
无机填料:碳酸钙;
染色剂:酞菁蓝;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
对比例5
环氧组分A为:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分C:环氧丙烷;
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂B:Resol型酚醛树脂;
固化剂C:异氟尔酮二胺;
环氧稀释剂:二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:硫酸亚铁;
增韧剂:ABS增韧剂;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯;
抗黄化剂:水杨酸;
溶剂:二甲苯;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
对比例6
环氧组分A为:E-51型双酚A环氧树脂;
环氧组分B:Resol酚醛环氧
固化剂A:聚酰胺650;
固化剂B:聚硫醇GP600;
环氧稀释剂:苯基缩水甘油醚;
金属盐添加剂:硝酸镁;
增韧剂:丁基橡胶;
增塑剂:邻苯二甲酸二甲酯类增塑剂;
抗黄化剂:二苯甲酮;
染色剂:钛白;
上述各组分用量如表11所示;
表11对比例1~6所述环氧树脂基高分子材料中各组分的用量
组分(份) 对比例1 对比例2 对比例3 对比例4 对比例5 对比例6
环氧组分A 27 21 12 16 40 36
环氧组分B 5 12 20 23 0 7
环氧组分C 4 5 1 3 3 0
固化剂组分A 0.8 1.7 0.9 0.8 2.7 0.6
固化剂组分B 1 1 2 0 1 4
固化剂组分C 3 1 3 2 3 0
环氧稀释剂 1 2 2 0 1 3
金属盐添加剂 3 4 3 2 1 2
增韧剂 6 8 5 0 3 7
增塑剂 1 2 1 0 2 4
无机填料 2 3 2 1 0 0
抗黄化剂 0.1 0.2 0.3 0 0.05 0.1
染色剂 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0 1
溶剂 5 3 10 0 20 0
实施例1~6和对比例1~6的性能对比如表12所示,其中,配位体系由上至下依次为实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4、实施例5、实施例6;非配位体系由上至下依次为对比例1、对比例2、对比例3、对比例4、对比例5、对比例6;
表12实施例1~6和对比例1~6的性能对比
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000122
Figure PCTCN2021073528-appb-000123
由表12可知,实施例1~6制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料较对比例1~6制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料具有更高的储能模量衰减率。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (48)

  1. 一种环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,按质量份数计,包括以下制备原料:
    环氧组分        0~297份
    固化剂          0~297份
    金属盐添加剂    0~30份;
    且所述环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂的质量份数不为0。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧组分包括环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C;
    所述环氧组分A为含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子和含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种;
    所述环氧组分B为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、脂环族环氧树脂、环氧烯烃类树脂、海因环氧树脂、酰亚胺环氧树脂、萘系环氧树脂、有机硅环氧树脂和有机钛环氧树脂中的一种或几种;
    所述环氧组分C为环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧醚类和卤代类环氧中的一种或几种。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有环氧基团且含有氮原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有环氧基团的三氮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有环氧基团且含有单氮原子或多氮原子烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有环氧基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有环氧基团且含氧原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的酮类配体分子、含有环氧基团的醚类配体分子和含有环氧基团的酯类配体分子中的一种或几种。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有环氧基团且含有硫原子的配体分子包括含有环氧基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有环氧基团的二硫键类配体分子。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂为双酚A、双酚F、双酚S、双酚P、氢化双酚A、酚醛型、脂肪族环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂为缩水甘油胺基甲苯甲烷和/或AFG-90环氧树脂。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂为邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯、间苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯和对苯二甲酸二缩水甘油酯中的一种或几种。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述脂环族环氧树脂为3,4-环氧环己基甲基-3,4-环氧环己基甲酸酯、1,2-环氧-4-乙烯基环己烷、3,4-环氧环己烷羧酸甲酯和二氧化双环戊二烯中的一种或几种。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧烯烃类树脂为环氧化辛烯;
    所述海因环氧树脂为二甲基海因环氧树脂。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述酰亚胺环氧树脂为双马来酰亚胺环氧树脂;
    所述萘系环氧树脂为HP-4032、EXA-4700、EXA-4750和EXA-7670中的一种或几种。
  12. 如权利要求2所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述有机硅环氧树脂为KSR177和/或Si1700;
    所述有机钛环氧树脂为钛酸正丁酯硅钛环氧树脂。
  13. 如权利要求2~12任一项所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量比为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99);且所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量不同时为0。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧组分A、环氧组分B和环氧组分C的质量比为(2~60):(0~50):(0~20)。
  15. 如权利要求1所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述固化剂包括固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C;
    所述固化剂A为含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子、含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子和含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子中的一种或几种;
    所述固化基团为胺、酸酐、硫醇和咪唑中的一种或几种;
    所述固化剂B为酚醛树脂、聚硫橡胶、聚氨酯、聚硫醇和异氰酸酯中的一种或几种;
    所述固化剂C为聚醚胺型固化剂、脂肪胺型固化剂、脂环胺型固化剂、芳香胺型固化剂、杂环胺型固化剂、酸酐型固化剂、聚酰胺型固化剂和改性胺型固化剂中的一种或几种。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有固化基团且含有氮原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的二联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三联吡啶类配体分子、含有固化基团的三氮唑类配体分子、含有固化基团的席夫碱类配体分子、含有固化基团且含单氮原子或多氮原子的烷基叔胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的复合型配体分子中的一种或几种。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有固化基团且含有氧原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的酮类配体分子、含有固化基团的醚类配体分子、含有固化基团的酯类或酰胺类配体分子和含有固化基团的酸类配体分子中的一种或几种。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述含有固化基团且含有硫原子的配体分子为含有固化基团的硫醚类配体分子和/或含有固化基团的二硫键类配体分子。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述聚醚胺型固化剂的型号为D230、D400、D2000、D4000和EC301中的 一种或几种。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述脂肪胺型固化剂为乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、正丙胺、二正丙胺、三正丙胺、异丙胺、三异丙胺、丁胺、二丁胺、三丁胺和甲基二丁胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、四乙烯五胺、多乙烯多胺、二丙烯三胺、二甲胺基丙胺、二乙胺基丙胺、三甲基六亚甲基二胺、二已基三胺、已二胺改性物、已二胺加合物、已二胺、三甲基已二胺和二乙胺中的一种或几种。
  21. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述芳香胺型固化剂为间苯二胺、间苯二甲胺、二氨基二苯基甲烷、二氨基二苯基砜、间氨基甲胺、联苯胺、4-氯邻苯二胺、苯二甲胺三聚体、苯二甲胺三聚体衍生物和双苄胺基醚中的一种或几种。
  22. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述脂环胺型固化剂为哌嗪、氨乙基哌嗪,二甲基哌嗪、二氨甲基环已烷、孟烷二胺、氨乙基呱嗪、六氢吡啶、异佛尔酮二胺、二氨基环已烷、二氨甲基环已基甲烷和二氨基环已基甲烷中的一种或几种。
  23. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述杂环胺型固化剂为咪唑、咪唑烷、咪唑啉、噁唑、吡咯、噻唑、吡啶、吡嗪、吗啉、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡咯烷,吡唑和吲哚中的一种或几种。
  24. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述酸酐型固化剂为琥珀酸酐、六氢苯二甲酸酐、甘油三偏苯三酸酐、环戊烷四酸二酐、二顺丁烯二酸酐基甲乙苯、十二烷基代顺丁烯二酸酐、顺丁烯二酸酐、二苯酮四羧基二酸酐、偏苯四酸二酐、均苯四甲酸酐/顺酐、均苯四甲酸酐、偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、乙二醇双偏苯三酸酐酯、甲基六氢邻苯二甲酸酐、桐油酸酐、六氯内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、二氯代顺丁烯二酸酐、聚壬二酸酐、戊二酸酐、内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、甲基内次甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐和苯酮四羧酸二酐中的一种或几种。
  25. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述聚酰胺型固化剂的型号为200型、250型、300型、400型、V115型、 203型、V125型、V140型、500型、600型、650型、651型和3051型中的一种或几种。
  26. 如权利要求15所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述改性胺型固化剂为羟甲基二乙基三胺、羟甲基乙二胺、羟乙基乙二胺、二羟乙基乙二胺、羟乙基二乙烯三胺、二羟乙基二乙烯三胺和羟乙基已二胺中的一种或几种。
  27. 如权利要求15~26任一项所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量比为(0~99):(0~99):(0~99);且所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量不同时为0。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述固化剂A、固化剂B和固化剂C的质量比为(0.5~10):(0~5):(0~5)。
  29. 如权利要求1所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述金属盐添加剂中的金属离子包括Zn 2+、Cu +、Cu 2+、Fe 2+、Fe 3+、Co 2+、Co 3+、Ni 2+、Mg 2+、Ca 2+、Al 3+、Mn 2+、Mn 4+、Li +、Na +、K +和Cs +中的一种或几种。
  30. 如权利要求1或29所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述金属盐添加剂中的阴离子包括Cl -、NO 3 -、CH 3COO -、SO 4 2-、PO 4 3-、PO 3 -、ClO 4 -、SO 3CF 3 -、BF 4 -和PF 6 -中的一种或几种。
  31. 如权利要求1所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述制备原料还包括环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧稀释剂为十二烷基缩水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、苄基缩水甘油醚、苯基缩水甘油醚和多羟基聚醚中的一种或几种。
  33. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述增韧剂为乙丙橡胶型增韧剂、聚丁二烯橡胶型增韧剂、丁基橡胶型增韧剂、丁腈橡胶型增韧剂、丁苯橡胶型增韧剂、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体型增韧剂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物型增韧剂、丙烯 腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物型增韧剂、氯化聚乙烯型增韧剂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型增韧剂、液体聚硫高分子型增韧剂和活性聚氨酯型环氧增韧剂中的一种或几种。
  34. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂、氯化石蜡、环氧大豆油和己二酸二辛酯中的一种或几种。
  35. 如权利要求34所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯、邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯、邻苯二甲酸二仲辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯和邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯中的一种或几种。
  36. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述无机填料为粘土、纤维、白炭黑、碳黑、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化钛、钛酸钡、氧化铝、氧化硅、氮化硼、碳酸钙、氮化硅、金属粉末和金属纳米线中的一种或几种。
  37. 如权利要求36所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述金属粉末和金属纳米线的金属种类独立的为银和/或铝。
  38. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述抗黄化剂为抗氧剂和/或抗辐照剂。
  39. 如权利要求38所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为主抗氧剂和辅助抗氧剂;
    所述主抗氧剂为受阻酚抗氧剂;
    所述辅助抗氧剂为亚磷酸酯类和/或硫代酯类。
  40. 如权利要求38所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述抗辐照剂为水杨酸酯类辐照吸收剂、二苯甲酮类辐照吸收剂、苯并三唑类辐照吸收剂、取代丙烯腈类辐照吸收剂和三嗪类辐照吸收剂中的一种或几种。
  41. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述染色剂为无机颜色添加剂和/或有机颜色添加剂;
    所述无机颜色添加剂包括烟黑、白垩、朱砂、红土、雄黄、天然氧化铁、硅灰石、重晶石粉、滑石粉、云母粉、高岭土、钛白、锌钡白、铅铬黄和铁蓝中的一种或几种;
    所述有机颜色添加剂包括藤黄、茜素红、靛青、大红粉、偶淡黄、酞菁蓝和喹吖啶酮中的一种或几种。
  42. 如权利要求31所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯乙烯、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、环己烷、环己酮、甲苯环己酮、氯苯、二氯苯、二氯甲烷、氯仿、全氯乙烯、三氯乙烯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙醚、环氧丙烷、乙烯乙二醇醚、醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丙酯、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丁醚、乙腈、吡啶、苯酚、苯甲醇、二乙醇胺、四氢呋喃和乙腈中的一种或几种。
  43. 如权利要求31~42任一项所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料,其特征在于,所述环氧组分、环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂的质量比为(0~297):(0~30):(0~20):(0~20):(0~50):(0~5):(0~10):(0~99);
    且所述环氧组分不为0。
  44. 权利要求1~43任一项所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    将环氧组分、固化剂和金属盐添加剂混合后,进行固化,得到所述环氧树脂基高分子材料。
  45. 如权利要求44所述的制备方法,其特征在于,当制备原料中还包括环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂时,所述混合后,还包括将所述混合得到的混合物与环氧稀释剂、增韧剂、增塑剂、无机填料、抗黄化剂、染色剂和溶剂混合。
  46. 权利要求1~43任一项所述的环氧树脂基高分子材料或权利要求44或45所述的制备方法制备得到的环氧树脂基高分子材料在变刚度材料和3D打印材料中的应用。
  47. 如权利要求46所述的应用,其特征在于,所述变刚度材料作为外科矫形支架的材料;
    所述外科矫形支架为颈椎矫形支架、脊柱矫形支架、四肢矫形支架或头部矫形支架。
  48. 如权利要求46所述的应用,其特征在于,当所述环氧树脂基高分子材料作为3D打印材料时:3D打印的温度刺激范围为80~250℃,对应的粘度变化范围为100~5000Pa·S。
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