WO2022091879A1 - 車両用ブレーキ装置 - Google Patents
車両用ブレーキ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022091879A1 WO2022091879A1 PCT/JP2021/038630 JP2021038630W WO2022091879A1 WO 2022091879 A1 WO2022091879 A1 WO 2022091879A1 JP 2021038630 W JP2021038630 W JP 2021038630W WO 2022091879 A1 WO2022091879 A1 WO 2022091879A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- vehicle
- operation amount
- vehicle body
- target deceleration
- Prior art date
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62L—BRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES
- B62L3/00—Brake-actuating mechanisms; Arrangements thereof
- B62L3/08—Mechanisms specially adapted for braking more than one wheel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle braking device that brakes a vehicle.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention of a vehicle braking device capable of improving mountability on a vehicle such as a motorcycle.
- the vehicle brake device according to Patent Document 1 controls the braking force of the wheel brake based on the braking hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid circulating in the hydraulic braking system.
- the target deceleration is generally set based on the operation amount of the brake operator.
- the magnitude of the vehicle body speed is not taken into consideration. Therefore, there is a discrepancy between the target deceleration set based on the operation amount of the brake operator and the target deceleration expected by the driver. As a result, there is a problem that the braking feeling is impaired.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle braking device capable of maintaining a good braking feeling even when the vehicle body speed is high.
- the vehicle braking device includes a wheel brake to which a braking force is applied by the action of the braking hydraulic pressure related to the hydraulic braking system, and the braking hydraulic pressure based on the target deceleration.
- a vehicle brake device including a control device for controlling pressure adjustment, wherein the control device obtains an information acquisition unit for acquiring information related to a vehicle brake operation amount and a vehicle body speed, and a value of the target deceleration.
- the setting unit is provided with a setting unit for setting, and the setting unit most likely sets the target deceleration value variably so as to increase as the brake operation amount increases and as the vehicle body speed increases. It is the main feature.
- the setting unit variably sets the target deceleration value so that the braking operation amount increases and the vehicle body speed increases, so that the vehicle body speed is increased. It is possible to set a target deceleration value of a size according to the above. As a result, the braking feeling can be maintained well even when the vehicle body speed is high.
- the setting unit when the brake operation amount is increased with respect to a predetermined operation amount threshold and the vehicle body speed is increased with respect to a predetermined first speed threshold, the setting unit is described.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the target deceleration value is variably set so as to gradually increase as the values of both or one of the brake operation amount and the vehicle body speed increase.
- the condition for gradually increasing the target deceleration value is set to the condition where improvement of the braking feeling can be expected, so that it is possible to easily and accurately perform good braking control of the braking feeling. can.
- the setting unit when the vehicle body speed increases with respect to the second speed threshold value larger than the first speed threshold value, the setting unit has the target deceleration corresponding to the change in the brake operation amount.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the target deceleration value is variably set so that the increase amount becomes larger than the increase amount when the vehicle body speed is equal to or less than the second speed threshold value.
- the target deceleration is set to a relatively steep characteristic value, so that brake control suitable for high-speed driving can be easily and accurately performed. be able to.
- the combination of the vehicle brake operation amount and the vehicle body speed changes.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the value of the target deceleration corresponding to the combination of the brake operation amount and the vehicle body speed is variably set based on the three-dimensional map associated with the target deceleration.
- a conversion characteristic may be adopted in which the target deceleration value is appropriately associated with the information related to the combination of the brake operation amount and the vehicle body speed.
- the above-mentioned vehicle brake device is applied to a bar handle type vehicle, and the front wheel is equipped with a front wheel side brake device, while the rear wheel is equipped with a rear wheel side brake device that operates independently of the front wheel side brake device. It is equipped.
- the brake operation amount is the brake operation amount related to the rear wheel side brake operator.
- the brake operation amount is the brake operation amount related to the rear wheel side brake operator
- the front and rear brake devices are controlled according to the operation amount of the rear wheel side brake operator. It is possible to provide interlocking brake control having an excellent balance of braking force of the wheels. Further, conditions for gradually increasing the target deceleration value, for example, conditions where improvement in braking feeling can be expected (brake operation amount exceeds the play amount of the rear wheel side brake lever, and the vehicle body speed is substantially stopped. If it is set to (exceeding speed), it is possible to easily and accurately perform brake control with a good braking feeling.
- the braking feeling can be maintained satisfactorily even when the vehicle body speed is high.
- FIG. 3 is a block configuration diagram inside and around the BRK-ECU provided in the vehicle brake device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which provides the operation
- the vehicle brake device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
- the members having a common function or the members having the functions corresponding to each other shall be designated by a common reference code in principle.
- the size and shape of the member may be deformed or exaggerated schematically.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle brake device 11.
- the vehicle brake device 11 has a function of controlling the braking force of the front wheel side wheel brake 23 based on the braking hydraulic pressure of the brake fluid flowing through the hydraulic brake system 25.
- the vehicle braking device 11 is mainly used for a bar handle type vehicle 10 such as a motorcycle, a motorcycle, and an all-terrain vehicle (ATV).
- the vehicle brake device 11 includes a front wheel side brake device 13, a rear wheel side brake device 15, and a BRK-ECU 17 that controls the braking force of the front wheel side brake device 13 and the rear wheel side brake device 15. ing.
- the front wheel side brake device 13, the rear wheel side brake device 15, and the BRK-ECU 17 will be described in detail later.
- the BRK-ECU 17 corresponds to the "control device" of the present invention.
- the front wheel side brake device 13 includes a front wheel side brake lever 21, a front wheel side wheel brake 23 for braking the front wheels, and a hydraulic brake system that generates braking hydraulic pressure in the front wheel side wheel brake 23. 25 and is configured.
- a wheel speed sensor 73 that detects the rotation speed (wheel speed) of the wheels (front wheels) is provided in the vicinity of the front wheel side wheel brake 23. The wheel speed sensor 73 will be described in detail later.
- the front wheel side brake lever 21 is provided at the right end of the bar handle (not shown).
- a master cylinder 27 is connected to the front wheel side brake lever 21.
- the master cylinder 27 has a function of generating a braking fluid pressure according to the force applied by the driver to the front wheel side brake lever 21.
- the master cylinder 27 is connected to the front wheel side wheel brake 23 via the hydraulic brake system 25.
- the hydraulic brake system 25 is provided so as to intervene between the master cylinder 27 and the front wheel side wheel brake 23.
- the hydraulic brake system 25 is embodied by a metal block-shaped substrate 29 having a hydraulic passage 30 through which the brake fluid flows.
- the substrate 29 is provided with an inlet port 31 and an outlet port 33 of the hydraulic passage 30, respectively.
- the master cylinder 27 and the inlet port 31 of the hydraulic path 30 are communicated with each other via the inlet side pipe 35. As a result, the braking hydraulic pressure generated in the master cylinder 27 is transmitted to the hydraulic brake system 25.
- the outlet port 33 of the hydraulic path 30 and the caliper portion 23a of the front wheel side wheel brake 23 are communicated with each other via the outlet side pipe 37.
- the braking hydraulic pressure generated in the hydraulic passage 30 of the hydraulic brake system 25 is transmitted to the caliper portion 23a of the front wheel side wheel brake 23.
- the front wheel side wheel brake 23 is, for example, a hydraulic disc brake that brakes the front wheels (not shown) by the pad (not shown) sandwiching the disc 24 by the braking hydraulic pressure transmitted to the caliper portion 23a.
- the hydraulic passage 30 of the hydraulic brake system 25 is provided with a modulator (“sometimes referred to as a pressure regulating actuator) 39.
- the modulator 39 adjusts the braking hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic passage 30 to adjust the front wheels.
- the modulator 39 has a function of adjusting the braking force of the side wheel brake 23.
- the modulator 39 includes a pressure regulating valve 41, a control valve means 43, a suction valve 45, a reservoir 47, a pump 49, and a pump motor 51.
- the components of 39 are assembled to the substrate 29.
- the hydraulic passage from the inlet port 31 to the pressure regulating valve 41 is referred to as an "input hydraulic passage 61", and the hydraulic pressure from the pressure regulating valve 41 to the front wheel side wheel brake 23.
- the path is referred to as an "output hydraulic path 63".
- the hydraulic passage branching from the input hydraulic passage 61 to the pump 49 is referred to as a “suction passage 65”, and the hydraulic passage from the pump 49 to the output hydraulic passage 63 is referred to as a “discharge passage”. 67 “.
- the hydraulic passage from the output hydraulic passage 63 to the suction passage 65 is referred to as an "open passage 69".
- the "upstream side” at a certain point means the side of the master cylinder 27 with respect to a certain point.
- the "downstream side” at a certain point means the side of the front wheel side wheel brake 23 with respect to a certain point.
- the pressure regulating valve 41 is, for example, a normally open type proportional solenoid valve (linear solenoid valve) provided between the input hydraulic passage 61 and the output hydraulic passage 63.
- the pressure regulating valve 41 includes an electromagnetic coil (not shown) for driving the valve body (not shown).
- the electromagnetic coil of the pressure regulating valve 41 is electrically connected to the BRK-ECU 17.
- the pressure regulating valve 41 operates so as to be in a closed state when the electromagnetic coil is excited, and to be in an open state when the electromagnetic coil is degaussed, in accordance with a control command from the BRK-ECU 17.
- the pressure regulating valve 41 is the difference between the braking fluid pressure BKLP2 on the output hydraulic path 63 side (front wheel side wheel brake 23 side) and the braking hydraulic pressure BKLP1 on the input hydraulic path 61 side (master cylinder 27 side) in the closed state.
- a predetermined valve opening pressure OPN_P can be remotely adjusted by adjusting the current value flowing through the electromagnetic coil according to a control command from the BRK-ECU 17.
- the braking hydraulic pressure BKLP2 on the output hydraulic path 63 side can be adjusted to a predetermined braking hydraulic pressure BKLP. .. This means that the braking hydraulic pressure BKLP acting on the front wheel side wheel brake 23 can be remotely adjusted by adjusting the predetermined valve opening pressure OPN_P of the pressure regulating valve 41.
- the pressure regulating valve 41 is equipped with a check valve 41a.
- the check valve 41a is connected in parallel to the pressure regulating valve 41.
- the check valve 41a is a one-way valve that allows the flow of brake fluid from the input hydraulic path 61 side to the output hydraulic path 63 side.
- the control valve means 43 opens the output hydraulic passage 63 and shuts off the open passage 69, shuts off the output hydraulic passage 63 and opens the open passage 69, and opens the output hydraulic passage 63 and the open passage 69. It has a function to switch the shutoff state.
- the control valve means 43 includes an inlet valve 53, a check valve 53a, and an outlet valve 55.
- the inlet valve 53 is composed of, for example, a normally open type solenoid valve provided in the output hydraulic passage 63.
- the inlet valve 53 communicates with the pressure regulating valve 41 and also communicates with the front wheel side wheel brake 23.
- the inlet valve 53 has a function of allowing the flow of brake fluid from the upstream side to the downstream side in the open state, while blocking the flow of brake fluid between the upstream side and the downstream side in the closed state.
- the inlet valve 53 includes an electromagnetic coil (not shown) for driving the valve body (not shown).
- the electromagnetic coil of the inlet valve 53 is electrically connected to the BRK-ECU 17.
- the inlet valve 53 operates so as to be in a closed state when the electromagnetic coil is excited, and to be in an open state when the electromagnetic coil is degaussed, in accordance with a control command from the BRK-ECU 17.
- the inlet valve 53 is equipped with a check valve 53a.
- the check valve 53a is connected in parallel to the inlet valve 53.
- the check valve 53a is a one-way valve that allows only the flow of brake fluid from the downstream side to the upstream side thereof.
- the outlet valve 55 is composed of, for example, a normally closed solenoid valve provided so as to intervene in the open path 69.
- the outlet valve 55 communicates with the front wheel side wheel brake 23 and also with the suction side of the pump 49.
- the outlet valve 55 blocks the flow of brake fluid between the front wheel side wheel brake 23 and the reservoir 47 in the closed state, while allowing the flow of brake fluid between the front wheel side wheel brake 23 and the reservoir 47 in the open state.
- the outlet valve 55 includes an electromagnetic coil (not shown) for driving the valve body (not shown).
- the electromagnetic coil of the outlet valve 55 is electrically connected to the BRK-ECU 17.
- the outlet valve 55 operates so as to be in an open state when the electromagnetic coil is excited, and to be in a closed state when the electromagnetic coil is degaussed, in accordance with a control command from the BRK-ECU 17.
- the reservoir 47 is provided so as to intervene in the open path 69.
- the reservoir 47 has a function of temporarily storing the brake fluid that is released when the outlet valve 55 is opened.
- a check valve 46 that allows only the flow of brake fluid from the reservoir 47 side to the pump 49 side is provided between the reservoir 47 and the pump 49.
- the pump 49 is provided so as to intervene between the suction passage 65 and the discharge passage 67.
- the pump 49 is driven by the rotational force of the pump motor 51.
- the pump 49 plays a role of sucking the brake fluid stored in the reservoir 47 of the open path 69 and discharging it to the discharge path 67.
- the pump motor 51 is a power source for driving the pump 49.
- the pump motor 51 can adjust the degree of discharge of the brake fluid by the pump 49 by adjusting the rotation speed of the pump motor 51 according to a control command from the BRK-ECU 17.
- the suction valve 45 is provided so as to intervene in the suction passage 65.
- the suction valve 45 has a function of switching the suction passage 65 to an open state or a shutoff state.
- the suction valve 45 is normally closed, but is opened by the difference pressure between the braking fluid pressure on the input hydraulic path 61 side (master cylinder 27 side) and the braking hydraulic pressure on the suction port side of the pump 49. That is, when the pump 49 operates and the suction passage 65 on the suction port side of the pump 49 becomes a negative pressure, the suction valve 45 operates so as to be in an open state.
- the rear wheel side brake device 15 brakes the rear wheel side brake lever 22 (corresponding to the "rear wheel side brake operator" of the present invention), the brake wire 75, and the rear wheel. It is configured to include a rear wheel side wheel brake 77 for the purpose of braking.
- the rear wheel side brake lever 22 is connected to one end of the brake wire 75. Further, the other end of the brake wire 75 is connected to the rod portion 77a of the rear wheel side wheel brake 77.
- the rear wheel side brake lever 22 is provided at the left end of a bar handle (not shown).
- a bar handle for example, when the brake wire 75 is pulled by the gripping operation (braking operation) of the rear wheel side brake lever 22, the rod portion 77a is tilted and the brake shoe is on the inner peripheral surface of the drum (all not shown). ) Is a mechanical drum brake that brakes the rear wheels (not shown).
- the rear wheel side brake lever 22 is provided with a lever operation amount sensor 71 that detects the grip operation amount.
- the lever operation amount sensor 71 is, for example, an angle sensor that detects the tilt angle of the rear wheel side brake lever 22 when the driver grips and operates the rear wheel side brake lever 22.
- the information of the lever operation amount MV detected by the lever operation amount sensor 71 is sent to the BRK-ECU 17.
- FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram inside and around the BRK-ECU 17 provided in the vehicle brake device 11.
- the BRK-ECU 17 includes a microcomputer equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the BRK-ECU 17 has a lever operation amount sensor 71 that detects a lever operation amount MV related to the rear wheel side brake lever 22, and a wheel speed that is a rotation speed of the front wheels (wheels).
- the wheel speed sensor 73 for detecting the above is connected.
- the BRK-ECU 17 is connected to a pressure regulating valve 41, a control valve means 43, and a pump motor 51 provided in the modulator 39, as shown in FIG.
- the BRK-ECU 17 has a pressure regulating valve 41 provided in the modulator 39 based on the lever operation amount MV detected by the lever operation amount sensor 71, the vehicle body speed VS information of the vehicle 10, and the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP (see FIG. 4). It has a function of controlling the braking force of the vehicle 10 by controlling the drive of each of the control valve means 43 and the pump motor 51. The details of the 3D map 3D_MAP will be described later.
- the BRK-ECU 17 has a function of performing anti-lock brake control and interlocking brake control. The functions for anti-lock brake control and interlocking brake control will be described in detail below and later.
- the BRK-ECU 17 determines whether or not the behavior of the front wheels (wheels) tends to lock, and as a result of this determination, when it is determined that the behavior of the wheels tends to lock, the wheel Performs anti-lock brake control (ABS control).
- ABS control anti-lock brake control
- the BRK-ECU 17 has no possibility that the front wheels will lock when the slip amount of the front wheels is equal to or less than the slip threshold value and the estimated deceleration is equal to or less than the predetermined lift threshold value. Judge and do not perform anti-lock braking control.
- the BRK-ECU 17 is configured to include an information acquisition unit 81 and a setting unit 83 in order to realize the function of controlling the braking force of the vehicle 10.
- the information acquisition unit 81 has a function of acquiring information on the lever operation amount MV detected by the lever operation amount sensor 71 and information on the wheel speed detected by the wheel speed sensor 73, respectively.
- the information acquisition unit 81 converts the acquired wheel speed information into the vehicle body speed VS of the vehicle 10. Thereby, the information on the wheel speed can be commonly handled as the information on the vehicle body speed VS of the vehicle 10.
- the information on the lever operation amount MV and the information on the vehicle body speed VS acquired by the information acquisition unit 81 are sent to the setting unit 83, respectively.
- the setting unit 83 has a function of setting the value of the target deceleration TG of the vehicle 10. More specifically, when the setting unit 83 acquires the information related to the combination of the vehicle body speed VS and the lever operation amount MV by the information acquisition unit 81, the target deceleration is set to the respective values of the vehicle body speed VS and the lever operation amount MV of the vehicle 10. Based on the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP (see FIG. 4) associated with the TG, the value of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the combination of the values of the changes of the vehicle body speed VS and the lever operation amount MV is set. The characteristics of the 3D map 3D_MAP will be described in detail later.
- the lever operation amount MV is the operation amount of the rear wheel side brake lever 22, so that it can be equated with the brake operation amount. Therefore, in the following description, the lever operation amount MV may be referred to as a brake operation amount MV.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the vehicle brake device 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- step S11 shown in FIG. 3 the information acquisition unit 81 provided in the BRK-ECU 17 acquires information on the lever operation amount MV and information on the vehicle body speed VS, respectively.
- step S12 the setting unit 83 provided in the BRK-ECU 17 includes information related to the combination of the lever operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS acquired by the information acquisition unit 81, and the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP (see FIGS. 4A and 4B). Based on the data, the value of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the combination of the lever operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS acquired by the information acquisition unit 81 is set.
- step S13 the BRK-ECU 17 estimates the actual deceleration RG value (absolute value of acceleration) of the vehicle 10 based on the time change of the vehicle body speed VS.
- step S14 the BRK-ECU 17 drives and controls (adjusts) the pressure regulating valve 41 and the pump motor 51 provided in the modulator (pressure regulating actuator) 39 so that the actual deceleration RG of the vehicle 10 matches the target deceleration TG.
- the braking force of the vehicle 10 is controlled. More specifically, in the BRK-ECU 17, the rear wheel side brake lever 22 is gripped (braking operation), or both the front wheel side brake lever 21 and the rear wheel side brake lever 22 are operated, but the front wheel side brake lever 21 When the gripping operation is insufficient, regardless of whether the front wheel side brake lever 21 is braked or not, the modulator (pressure adjusting actuator) 39 is linked to the braking operation related to the rear wheel side brake device 15.
- the interlocking brake control for generating the braking force related to the front wheel side wheel brake 23 is performed.
- the BRK-ECU 17 returns the processing flow to step S11, and causes the subsequent processing to be sequentially performed.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP used in the vehicle brake device 11 in three dimensions.
- the lever operation amount MV (origin is displayed as 0 (MV)) is displayed on the x-axis
- the vehicle body speed VS (origin is displayed as 0 (VS))
- the target deceleration TG (origin is displayed) on the z-axis. Is displayed as 0 (TG)).
- the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP is associated with each value of the lever operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS of the vehicle 10 with the value of the target deceleration TG.
- two input values can be converted into one output value (target deceleration TG).
- the x-axis input value shown in FIG. 4 represents the lever operation amount MV (unit: deg)
- the y-axis input value represents the vehicle body speed VS (unit: km / h).
- the target deceleration TG (unit: G)
- G which is an output value corresponding to the input value (vehicle body speed VS / lever operation amount MV) of the x-axis and y-axis
- the linearly interpolated value may be calculated as the output value of the z-axis.
- the operation amount threshold value MVth is set to a level of about 1 to 3.
- the operation amount threshold value MVth defines the play amount of the brake levers 21 and 22.
- (0) is associated with the value of the target deceleration TG.
- the range in which the lever operation amount MV is less than the operation amount threshold value MVth is the dead zone region AR0 in which the value of the target deceleration TG does not change even if the lever operation amount MV changes within the same range.
- the first speed threshold VSth1 of a low vehicle speed level from 0 km / h to some extent (for example, about a driving speed) and higher than the first speed threshold VSth1.
- the second speed threshold value VSth2 of the medium vehicle speed level is set respectively.
- the first speed threshold value VSth1 defines a speed that serves as a guide for determining whether or not the vehicle 10 is substantially stopped. In the range where the vehicle body speed VS is less than the first speed threshold value VSth1, (0) is associated with the value of the target deceleration TG. In short, the range in which the vehicle body speed VS is less than the first speed threshold value VSth1 is the dead zone region AR0 in which the value of the target deceleration TG does not change even if the vehicle body speed VS changes within the same range.
- the second speed threshold value VSth2 defines a speed that serves as a guide for determining whether or not the vehicle body speed VS of the vehicle 10 has transitioned from the medium speed range to the high speed range.
- the region where the lever operation amount MV is the operation amount threshold MVth or more and the vehicle body speed VS is the first speed threshold VSth1 or more and less than the second speed threshold VSth2 is designated as the first area AR1 for convenience. Called. In the first region AR1, the value of the target deceleration TG exhibiting a relatively gentle deceleration characteristic value suitable for the medium speed region is associated with the first region AR1.
- the region where the lever operation amount MV is the operation amount threshold value MVth or more and the vehicle body speed VS is the second speed threshold value VSth2 or more is referred to as a second area AR2 for convenience.
- the value of the target deceleration TG that exhibits a relatively steep deceleration characteristic value suitable for the high speed region is associated with the value.
- the setting unit 83 determines the lever operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS.
- the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to gradually increase as the value of either or both of them increases.
- the setting unit 83 increases the target deceleration TG corresponding to the change amount of the lever operation amount MV.
- (Degree of increase) is the increase amount (increase) of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the change amount of the lever operation amount MV when the vehicle body speed VS is less than the second speed threshold VSth2 (see the first region AR1).
- the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to be larger than the degree).
- the information acquisition unit 81 acquires information related to the lever operation amount (brake operation amount) MV and the vehicle body speed VS of the vehicle 10.
- the setting unit 83 variably sets the value of the target deceleration TG so that the brake operation amount MV increases and the vehicle body speed VS increases.
- a large value of the target deceleration TG means that the absolute value of the target deceleration TG is large.
- the setting unit 83 variably sets the value of the target deceleration TG so as to increase as the brake operation amount MV increases. Further, when the brake operation amount MV is common, the setting unit 83 variably sets the value of the target deceleration TG so as to increase as the vehicle body speed VS increases.
- the setting unit 83 variably sets the value of the target deceleration TG so as to increase as the brake operation amount MV increases and as the vehicle body speed VS increases, so that the vehicle body speed The value of the target deceleration TG having a size corresponding to VS can be set. As a result, the braking feeling can be maintained satisfactorily even when the vehicle body speed VS is large.
- the setting unit 83 provided in the BRK-ECU (control device) 17 has a brake operation amount MV of a predetermined operation amount threshold MVth or more, and a vehicle body speed VS of a predetermined first speed.
- the threshold value VSth1 or more is reached, the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to gradually increase as the values of both or one of the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS increase.
- the setting unit 83 sets the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body.
- the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to gradually increase as the value of both or one of the speed VS increases.
- the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS exceeds the substantial stop speed
- the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS The value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to gradually increase as the value of either or both of them increases.
- the condition that the value of the target deceleration TG should be gradually increased is the condition that the braking feeling can be expected to be improved (the brake operation amount MV exceeds the play amount of the rear wheel side brake lever 22 and the vehicle body speed VS is increased. Since it is set to (exceeding a substantial stop speed), it is possible to easily and accurately perform brake control with a good braking feeling.
- the setting unit 83 provided in the BRK-ECU (control device) 17 determines the brake operation amount MV.
- the value of the target deceleration TG so that the increase amount of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the change amount becomes larger than the increase amount (degree of increase) when the vehicle body speed VS is the second speed threshold VSth2 or less. Is variably set.
- the setting unit 83 determines the change amount of the brake operation amount MV.
- the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to be larger than the increase amount (degree of increase) of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the amount.
- the brake operation amount MV when the brake operation amount MV is operated in excess of the play amount of the rear wheel side brake lever 22 and the vehicle body speed VS belongs to the high speed range, it corresponds to the change amount of the brake operation amount MV.
- the amount of increase (degree of increase) in the target deceleration TG is compared with the amount of increase (degree of increase) in the target deceleration TG corresponding to the amount of change in the brake operation amount MV when the vehicle body speed VS belongs to the medium speed range.
- the value of the target deceleration TG is variably set so as to increase.
- the increase amount (degree of increase) of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the change amount of the brake operation amount MV is larger than that when the vehicle body speed VS belongs to the medium speed range.
- the value of the target deceleration TG is set so as to increase.
- the target deceleration TG is set to a relatively steep characteristic value, so that brake control suitable for high-speed driving can be easily and accurately performed. ..
- the brake control described above not only the amount of increase in the braking fluid pressure due to the drive of the pump motor 51 but also the braking fluid pressure generated in the master cylinder 27 acts on the front wheel side wheel brake 23.
- the vehicle brake device 11 when the setting unit 83 provided in the BRK-ECU (control device) 17 acquires information related to the combination of the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS by the information acquisition unit 81, the vehicle 10 brakes. Based on the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP in which the target deceleration TG is associated with the operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS, the value of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the combination of the brake operation amount and the vehicle body speed is variably set.
- the setting unit 83 has the brake operation amount MV and the brake operation amount MV based on the information related to the combination of the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS acquired by the information acquisition unit 81, and the data of the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP.
- the value of the target deceleration TG corresponding to the combination of the vehicle body speed VS is variably set.
- the data of the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP a conversion characteristic may be adopted in which the value of the target deceleration TG is appropriately associated with the information related to the combination of the brake operation amount MV and the vehicle body speed VS.
- the vehicle brake device 11 is applied to a bar handle type vehicle (two-wheel vehicle, three-wheel vehicle, etc.), and the front wheel is equipped with the front wheel side brake device 13, while the rear wheel is independent of the front wheel side brake device 13. Since the rear wheel side brake device 15 that acts as a brake is provided, it is difficult to experience deceleration loss due to the stable posture of the vehicle for a bar handle vehicle that is easily affected by changes in deceleration, and the braking feeling is felt. It is possible to provide a bar handle vehicle that can maintain a good condition.
- the brake operation amount is the brake operation amount related to the rear wheel side brake lever (rear wheel side brake operator) 22, so that the front wheel operation amount corresponds to the operation amount of the rear wheel side brake lever 22.
- the side brake device 13 By controlling the side brake device 13, it is possible to provide interlocking brake control having an excellent balance of braking force between the front and rear wheels.
- conditions for gradually increasing the target deceleration value for example, conditions where improvement in braking feeling can be expected (brake operation amount exceeds the play amount of the rear wheel side brake lever, and the vehicle body speed is substantially stopped. If it is set to (exceeding speed), it is possible to easily and accurately perform brake control with a good braking feeling.
- an example of acquiring information related to the brake operation amount MV based on the tilt angle of the rear wheel side brake lever 22 (may be a rotation angle; the same applies hereinafter) is given.
- the present invention is not limited to this example.
- a configuration may be adopted in which information related to the brake operation amount MV is acquired based on an inclination angle or the like related to the rod portion 77a of the rear wheel side wheel brake 77.
- the wheel brake on the rear wheel side is a hydraulic type, it is acquired by detecting or estimating the MC braking hydraulic pressure generated in the master cylinder, and the information related to the brake operation amount MV is obtained based on the acquired MC braking hydraulic pressure. You may adopt the configuration to be acquired.
- the rear wheel side brake lever 22 has been exemplified as a brake operator, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- a rear wheel side brake pedal or a front wheel side brake lever 21 may be adopted as the brake operator.
- a mechanical drum brake has been exemplified as a type of the rear wheel side brake device 15, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- a hydraulic disc brake similar to the front wheel side brake device 13 may be adopted.
- the front wheel side brake device 13 has been described with an example of mounting 1ch ABS (anti-lock braking system), but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- the ABS By mounting the ABS on the rear wheel side brake device 15, a configuration in which 2 channels of ABS may be mounted on the front wheel side brake device 13 and the rear wheel side brake device 15 may be adopted.
- the vehicle brake device 11 may be applied to a bar handle type three-wheeled vehicle or four-wheeled vehicle.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a pair of front wheel side brakes is connected to one brake system and a pair of rear wheel side brakes are connected to the other brake system.
- the three-dimensional map 3D_MAP used in the vehicle brake device 11 has been described with reference to an example of setting one operation amount threshold MVth with respect to the brake operation amount MV. Not limited to the example.
- the brake operation amount MV multiple operation amount thresholds are set, and each operation amount change range (for example, a normal operation amount range and an emergency operation amount range exceeding the normal operation amount range) is individually set.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the characteristic values of the target deceleration TG are associated with each other.
- the present invention is not limited to this example.
- a configuration may be adopted in which three or more speed threshold values are set and the characteristic values of the individual target deceleration TGs are associated with each speed change range.
- Vehicle 11 Vehicle brake device 17 BRK-ECU (control device) 21 Front wheel side brake lever 22 Rear wheel side brake lever (rear wheel side brake operator) 23 Front wheel side wheel brake (wheel brake) 25 Hydraulic brake system 30 Hydraulic path 39 Modulator 41 Pressure regulating valve 43 Control valve means 51 Pump motor 71 Lever operation amount sensor 73 Wheel speed sensor 81 Information acquisition unit 83 Setting unit 3D_MAP 3D map MV Lever operation amount (brake operation amount) MVth operation amount threshold TG target deceleration VS vehicle body speed VSth1 first speed threshold VSth2 second speed threshold
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
しかしながら、目標減速度の設定を、ブレーキ操作子の操作量に基づいて行う場合、車両の車体速度の大小は考慮されない。そのため、ブレーキ操作子の操作量に基づき設定される目標減速度と、運転者が期待する目標減速度との間にズレが生じる。その結果、制動フィーリングが損なわれるという課題がある。
その結果、前記した構成によれば、車体速度がいかなる速度領域に属する場合であっても、当該速度での走行時に相応しいブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
さらに、目標減速度の値を漸増すべき条件を、例えば、制動フィーリングの改善が期待できる条件(ブレーキ操作量が後輪側ブレーキレバーの遊び量を超え、かつ、車体速度が実質的な停止速度を超えている)に設定すれば、制動フィーリングの良好なブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
なお、以下に示す図において、共通の機能を有する部材、または、相互に対応する機能を有する部材には、原則として共通の参照符号を付するものとする。また、説明の便宜のため、部材のサイズおよび形状は、変形または誇張して模式的に表す場合がある。
はじめに、実施形態に係る車両用ブレーキ装置11の概略構成について、図1を参照して説明する。図1は、車両用ブレーキ装置11の概略構成図である。
前輪側ブレーキ装置13は、図1に示すように、前輪側ブレーキレバー21と、前輪を制動するための前輪側車輪ブレーキ23と、前輪側車輪ブレーキ23において制動液圧を発生させる液圧ブレーキ系統25と、を備えて構成されている。前輪側車輪ブレーキ23の近傍には、車輪(前輪)の回転速度(車輪速度)を検出する車輪速センサ73が設けられている。車輪速センサ73について、詳しくは後記する。
さらに、液圧路30において、出力液圧路63から吸入路65に至る液圧路を「開放路69」と称する。また、ある地点において「上流側」とは、ある地点に対してマスタシリンダ27の側を意味する。一方、ある地点において「下流側」とは、ある地点に対して前輪側車輪ブレーキ23の側を意味する。
調圧弁41を通じて、出力液圧路63側から入力液圧路61側にブレーキ液が流れると、出力液圧路63側の制動液圧BKLP2を、所定の制動液圧BKLPに調整することができる。これは、調圧弁41の所定の開弁圧OPN_Pを調整することにより、前輪側車輪ブレーキ23に作用する制動液圧BKLPを遠隔的に調整可能であることを意味する。
一方、後輪側ブレーキ装置15は、図1に示すように、後輪側ブレーキレバー22(本発明の「後輪側ブレーキ操作子」に相当する)と、ブレーキワイヤ75と、後輪を制動するための後輪側車輪ブレーキ77と、を備えて構成されている。後輪側ブレーキレバー22は、ブレーキワイヤ75の一端に接続されている。また、ブレーキワイヤ75の他端には、後輪側車輪ブレーキ77のロッド部77aに接続されている。
次に、BRK-ECU17内部および周辺のブロック構成について、図2を参照して説明する。図2は、車両用ブレーキ装置11に備わるBRK-ECU17内部および周辺のブロック構成図である。
一方、BRK-ECU17には、出力系統として、図2に示すように、モジュレータ39に備わる調圧弁41、制御弁手段43、およびポンプモータ51が接続されている。
情報取得部81により取得したレバー操作量MVの情報および車体速度VSの情報は、設定部83にそれぞれ送られる。
三次元マップ3D_MAPの特性について、詳しくは後記する。
次に、本発明の実施形態に係る車両用ブレーキ装置11の概略動作について、図3を参照して説明する。
図3は、本発明の実施形態に係る車両用ブレーキ装置11の動作説明に供するフローチャートである。
詳しく述べると、BRK-ECU17は、後輪側ブレーキレバー22が握り操作(制動操作)されるか、前輪側ブレーキレバー21および後輪側ブレーキレバー22の両方を操作したが前輪側ブレーキレバー21の握り操作が不十分である場合において、前輪側ブレーキレバー21が制動操作されているか否かに関わらず、後輪側ブレーキ装置15に係る制動操作に連動して、モジュレータ(調圧アクチュエータ)39の作動によって制動液圧の調圧制御を行うことにより、前輪側車輪ブレーキ23に係る制動力を発生させる連動ブレーキ制御を行う。
その後、BRK-ECU17は、処理の流れをステップS11に戻し、以降の処理を順次行わせる。
ここで、車両用ブレーキ装置11で用いられる三次元マップ3D_MAPの具体例について、図4を参照して説明する。
図4は、車両用ブレーキ装置11において用いられる三次元マップ3D_MAPを三次元的に表現した説明図である。
図4において、x軸にレバー操作量MV(原点を0(MV)と表示)を、y軸に車体速度VS(原点を0(VS)と表示)を、z軸に目標減速度TG(原点を0(TG)と表示)を、それぞれ対応付けて表す。
要するに、レバー操作量MVが操作量閾値MVth未満の範囲は、同範囲内でレバー操作量MVが変化しても目標減速度TGの値が変わらない不感帯領域AR0である。
要するに、車体速度VSが第1速度閾値VSth1未満の範囲は、同範囲内で車体速度VSが変化しても目標減速度TGの値が変わらない不感帯領域AR0である。
第1領域AR1では、中速域に相応しい比較的緩やかな減速度特性値を呈する目標減速度TGの値が対応付けられている。
第2領域AR2では、高速域に相応しい比較的急峻な減速度特性値を呈する目標減速度TGの値が対応付けられている。
車両用ブレーキ装置11では、BRK-ECU(制御装置)17において、情報取得部81は、車両10のレバー操作量(ブレーキ操作量)MVおよび車体速度VSに係る情報を取得する。設定部83は、ブレーキ操作量MVが増大するほど、かつ、車体速度VSが増大するほど大きくなるように、目標減速度TGの値を可変設定する。
ここで、目標減速度TGの値が大きいとは、目標減速度TGの絶対値が大きいことを意味する。
このように、目標減速度TGの値を漸増すべき条件を、制動フィーリングの改善が期待できる条件(ブレーキ操作量MVが後輪側ブレーキレバー22の遊び量を超え、かつ、車体速度VSが実質的な停止速度を超えている)に設定したため、制動フィーリングの良好なブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
このため、車体速度VSが高速域に属する場合、車体速度VSが中速域に属する場合と比べて、ブレーキ操作量MVの変化量に対応する目標減速度TGの増加量(増加の度合い)が大きくなるように、目標減速度TGの値が設定される。
その結果、車体速度VSが高速域に属する場合には、目標減速度TGが比較的急峻な特性値に設定されるため、高速走行時に相応しいブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
なお、上述したブレーキ制御では、ポンプモータ51の駆動による制動液圧の増圧分だけではなく、マスタシリンダ27で発生した制動液圧も、前輪側車輪ブレーキ23に作用することとなる。
ここで、三次元マップ3D_MAPのデータとしては、ブレーキ操作量MVおよび車体速度VSの組み合わせに係る情報に対して目標減速度TGの値を適宜対応付ける変換特性を採用すればよい。すると、自由度の高い繊細な変換特性を有する三次元マップ3D_MAPを用いることにより、精度の高い目標減速度TGの値設定を実現することができる。
その結果、車体速度VSがいかなる速度領域に属する場合であっても、当該速度での走行時に相応しいブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
さらに、目標減速度の値を漸増すべき条件を、例えば、制動フィーリングの改善が期待できる条件(ブレーキ操作量が後輪側ブレーキレバーの遊び量を超え、かつ、車体速度が実質的な停止速度を超えている)に設定すれば、制動フィーリングの良好なブレーキ制御を、簡易かつ適確に遂行することができる。
以上説明した実施形態は、本発明の具現化の例を示したものである。したがって、これらによって本発明の技術的範囲が限定的に解釈されることがあってはならない。本発明はその要旨またはその主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、様々な形態で実施することができるからである。
また、後輪側の車輪ブレーキが液圧式の場合、マスタシリンダで発生するMC制動液圧を検出または推定することで取得し、取得したMC制動液圧に基づいてブレーキ操作量MVに係る情報を取得する構成を採用しても構わない。
ブレーキ操作量MVに関し、複数の操作量閾値を設定し、それぞれの操作量変化域(例えば、常用操作量域と、常用操作量域を超える非常用操作量域となど)に対し、各個別の目標減速度TGの特性値を対応付ける構成を採用しても構わない。
車体速度VSに関し、3つ以上の速度閾値を設定し、それぞれの速度変化域に対し、各個別の目標減速度TGの特性値を対応付ける構成を採用しても構わない。
本発明の実施形態に係る車両用ブレーキ装置11で用いられる三次元マップ3D_MAPの変換特性としては、いかなる変換特性を採用しても構わないことは言うまでもない。
11 車両用ブレーキ装置
17 BRK-ECU(制御装置)
21 前輪側ブレーキレバー
22 後輪側ブレーキレバー(後輪側ブレーキ操作子)
23 前輪側車輪ブレーキ(車輪ブレーキ)
25 液圧ブレーキ系統
30 液圧路
39 モジュレータ
41 調圧弁
43 制御弁手段
51 ポンプモータ
71 レバー操作量センサ
73 車輪速センサ
81 情報取得部
83 設定部
3D_MAP 三次元マップ
MV レバー操作量(ブレーキ操作量)
MVth 操作量閾値
TG 目標減速度
VS 車体速度
VSth1 第1速度閾値
VSth2 第2速度閾値
Claims (6)
- 液圧ブレーキ系統に係る制動液圧の作用によって制動力が付与される車輪ブレーキと、車両の目標減速度に基づいて前記制動液圧の調圧制御を行う制御装置と、を備える車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
前記制御装置は、
ブレーキ操作量および車体速度に係る情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記目標減速度の値を設定する設定部と、を備え、
前記設定部は、前記ブレーキ操作量が大きくなるほど、かつ、前記車体速度が大きくなるほど大きくなるように、前記目標減速度の値を可変設定することを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
前記設定部は、前記ブレーキ操作量が所定の操作量閾値以上で、かつ、前記車体速度が所定の第1速度閾値以上になると、前記ブレーキ操作量が大きくなるほど、かつ、前記車体速度が大きくなるほど漸増するように、前記目標減速度の値を可変設定することを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項2に記載の車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
前記設定部は、前記車体速度が前記第1速度閾値よりも大きい第2速度閾値以上になると、前記ブレーキ操作量の変化量に対応する前記目標減速度の増加量が、前記車体速度が前記第2速度閾値未満である際の前記増加量よりも大きくなるように、前記目標減速度の値を可変設定することを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
前記設定部は、前記情報取得部により前記ブレーキ操作量および前記車体速度の組み合わせに係る情報を取得すると、ブレーキ操作量および車体速度に前記目標減速度を対応付けてなる三次元マップに基づいて、当該ブレーキ操作量および当該車体速度の組み合わせに対応する前記目標減速度の値を可変設定することを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
バーハンドル形式の車両に適用され、
前輪には前輪側ブレーキ装置が備わる一方、後輪には当該前輪側ブレーキ装置と独立して作用する後輪側ブレーキ装置が備わっていることを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の車両用ブレーキ装置であって、
前記ブレーキ操作量は、後輪側ブレーキ操作子に係るブレーキ操作量であることを特徴とする車両用ブレーキ装置。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2004189056A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両用制動装置 |
WO2012063572A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電動車両のブレーキ制御装置 |
WO2013125049A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-26 | 2013-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の駆動力制御装置 |
JP2014118065A (ja) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-30 | Volvo Lastvagnar Aktiebolag | 電子制御ブレーキシステム及びブレーキ制御方法 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2004189056A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車両用制動装置 |
WO2012063572A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-18 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電動車両のブレーキ制御装置 |
WO2013125049A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-26 | 2013-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の駆動力制御装置 |
JP2014118065A (ja) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-30 | Volvo Lastvagnar Aktiebolag | 電子制御ブレーキシステム及びブレーキ制御方法 |
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