WO2022091283A1 - Coupleur de ligne de ramification - Google Patents

Coupleur de ligne de ramification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022091283A1
WO2022091283A1 PCT/JP2020/040579 JP2020040579W WO2022091283A1 WO 2022091283 A1 WO2022091283 A1 WO 2022091283A1 JP 2020040579 W JP2020040579 W JP 2020040579W WO 2022091283 A1 WO2022091283 A1 WO 2022091283A1
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Prior art keywords
main waveguide
branch line
line coupler
coupling waveguides
waveguide
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PCT/JP2020/040579
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
素実 渡辺
拓真 西村
秀憲 湯川
伸一 山本
徹 高橋
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/040579 priority Critical patent/WO2022091283A1/fr
Priority to JP2022558702A priority patent/JP7199615B2/ja
Publication of WO2022091283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022091283A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
    • H01P5/22—Hybrid ring junctions

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a branch line coupler, which is one of the waveguide components.
  • a general branch line coupler In a general branch line coupler, two main waveguides having a rectangular cross-sectional shape are arranged so that their wide walls face each other, and these main waveguides are connected to a plurality of main waveguides having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. It has a structure connected by a waveguide.
  • the characteristics of the branch line coupler are determined by selecting the cross-sectional dimensions and length of each waveguide.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 describes a branch line coupler having a waveguide having a hexagonal cross section.
  • a three-dimensional (hereinafter referred to as 3D) printer is used for manufacturing the branch line coupler.
  • a 3D printer is a device that forms a desired shape by stacking powder materials in layers and firing them.
  • the branch line coupler is manufactured by laminating a powder material in the vertical direction from the port side on a horizontal plane using, for example, a 3D printer.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 When the branch line coupler described in Non-Patent Document 1 is laminated with a powder material from the port side along the tube axis direction of the main waveguide on a horizontal plane using a 3D printer, the coupling connecting the main waveguides is connected. A wall surface portion parallel to the horizontal plane is formed in the waveguide.
  • the wall surface portion of the coupling waveguide parallel to the horizontal plane has a problem of bending vertically downward due to its own weight before firing.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the coupling waveguide changes, so that the characteristics of the branch line coupler change from the design value.
  • the present disclosure solves the above-mentioned problems, and obtains a branch line coupler capable of reducing the occurrence of bending of a coupling waveguide even when powder materials are laminated along the tube axis direction of the main waveguide.
  • the purpose is.
  • the branch line coupler includes a first main waveguide, a second main waveguide provided in parallel with the first main waveguide, a first main waveguide, and a second main waveguide.
  • a plurality of coupling waveguides are provided side by side on facing surfaces of the main waveguide, and a plurality of coupling waveguides are provided so as to communicate and connect between the first main waveguide and the second main waveguide, and a plurality of couplings are provided.
  • Each of the waveguides has a constant shape and dimension in the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and is bent in a convex shape in the same direction.
  • a flexible coupling waveguide is bent by laminating a powder material from a horizontal plane along the tube axis direction of the main waveguide so that the convex side of the plurality of coupling waveguides is vertically upward.
  • the powder particles constituting the convex shape of the above overlap diagonally upward.
  • a portion in which adjacent powder particles support each other is formed. Therefore, the branch line coupler according to the present disclosure can be used as a coupling waveguide even if powder materials are laminated along the tube axis direction of the main waveguide. It is possible to reduce the occurrence of bending.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 1B is an arrow diagram showing a branch line coupler viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 1C is a diagram. It is an arrow diagram which shows the branch line coupler seen from the arrow B direction of 1A.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing an outline of the laminated state of the powder particles constituting the coupling waveguide parallel to the horizontal plane
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic view showing the outline of the powder particles constituting the coupling waveguide according to the first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline of the laminated state.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 1B is an arrow diagram showing a branch line coupler viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 1C is a diagram. It is an arrow diagram which shows the branch line coupler seen
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the reflection characteristics at the first port of the branch line coupler
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the passage characteristics between the first port and the second port of the branch line coupler
  • FIG. 3C is a diagram showing the coupling characteristics between the first port and the third port of the branch line coupler
  • FIG. 3D is a diagram showing the coupling characteristics between the first port and the fourth port of the branch line coupler. It is a figure which shows the isolation characteristic. It is a top view which shows the branch line coupler for reference which can obtain the ideal electrical property.
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (1) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (1) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 5B is a modified example (1) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow D direction of FIG. 5A.
  • 5C is a cross-sectional arrow diagram showing a modified example (1) of the branch line coupler cut along the EE line of FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (2) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6B is a modified example (2) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow F direction of FIG. 6A
  • 6C is a partially enlarged view showing a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 6B in the modified example (2) of the branch line coupler.
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (2) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6B is a modified example (2) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow F direction of FIG. 6A
  • 6C is a partially enlarged view showing a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 6
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (3) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 7B is a modified example (3) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow G direction of FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing the configuration of a modified example (4) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 8B is a modified example (4) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow H direction of FIG. 8A
  • 8C is an arrow diagram showing a modified example (4) of the branch line coupler seen from the direction of arrow I in FIG. 8A.
  • FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the modified example (5) of the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 9B is a modified example (5) of the branch line coupler seen from the arrow J direction of FIG. 9A. It is an arrow figure which shows. It is a top view which shows the modification (6) of the branch line coupler which concerns on Embodiment 1 as seen from the port side. It is a top view which shows the modification (7) of the branch line coupler which concerns on Embodiment 1 as seen from the port side.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1B is an arrow diagram showing a branch line coupler 1 seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 1C is an arrow diagram showing a branch line coupler 1 seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 1A.
  • the branch line coupler 1 is a waveguide component that functions as a 90 ° hybrid circuit having four ports 2a to 2d, and is a first main waveguide 2 and a second main waveguide. And the waveguides 4a to 4i for coupling are provided.
  • the first main waveguide 2 is a waveguide having a port 2a (first port) and a port 2b (second port).
  • the second main waveguide 3 is a waveguide having a port 2c (third port) and a port 2b (fourth port).
  • the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 are waveguides having the same structure and the same dimensions.
  • the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 are provided so as to face each other in parallel. For example, the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 facing each other is one-fourth of the wavelength ⁇ at the center frequency of the frequency band used.
  • the shape of the cross section of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is, for example, a rectangle.
  • the side wall surface of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 including the long side of the rectangular cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is the "wide wall surface", and the short side of the rectangular cross section. It is assumed that the side wall surface including is a "narrow wall surface".
  • the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 are arranged in parallel with their wide wall surfaces facing each other.
  • the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other.
  • the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 are communicated and connected to each other.
  • the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i have a rectangular cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, for example.
  • the side wall surface including the long side of the rectangular cross section is the "wide wall surface”
  • the side wall surface including the short side of the rectangular cross section is the "narrow wall surface”.
  • the distance between the adjacent coupling waveguides is about ⁇ / 4.
  • Each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i has a constant width of the narrow wall surface, that is, a constant cross-sectional area in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction. Further, each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is bent in a convex shape in the same direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 1C, each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is bent in an arc shape with the same curvature. That is, the wide wall surfaces of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are bent in the same direction, with the same curvature, in an arc shape.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i has a width equal to the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other. ..
  • the width of the wide wall surface of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is the distance between the narrow wall surface seen from the direction of arrow B and the narrow wall surface seen from the direction opposite to the arrow B. be.
  • the width of each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is the distance between the narrow wall surface seen from the direction of arrow B and the narrow wall surface seen from the direction opposite to the arrow B.
  • the first main waveguide 2, the second main waveguide and the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are fired by stacking powder materials in the direction of arrow C from the ports 2a and 3b on a horizontal plane using a 3D printer. It is formed by.
  • the arrow C direction is a direction along the tube axis direction of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3.
  • the wall surface portion parallel to the horizontal plane is not formed in the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i, and the vertically upper portion is bent in a convex shape.
  • the wall surface portion is formed.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a laminated state of powder particles pa constituting a coupling waveguide parallel to a horizontal plane.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the laminated state of the powder particles pa constituting the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the coupling waveguide bends vertically downward as indicated by the arrow C1 due to its own weight.
  • the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i as shown in FIG.
  • Coupling waveguide whose cross-sectional shape dimension in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis is not constant, for example, a coupling waveguide whose width of a narrow wall surface (when the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, the dimension in the short side direction of the rectangular cross section) is not constant. Is required to be designed in consideration of the characteristic impedance corresponding to this difference in cross section. On the other hand, since the shape and dimensions of the cross sections of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are constant, it is not necessary to consider the characteristic impedance according to the difference in the cross sections. Therefore, the branch line coupler 1 is easy to design and easily realizes desired electrical characteristics.
  • the width of the narrow wall surface of each of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is constant, but as shown in FIG. 1C, the coupling waveguide 4a and the coupling waveguide 4i are narrow.
  • the wall surface has the same width, and the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguides 4b to 4h is wider than the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguide 4a and the coupling waveguide 4i.
  • the transmission line realized by the coupling waveguide has different characteristic impedances and different path lengths along the center of the waveguide when the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguide is different. That is, the coupling waveguides having different widths of the narrow wall surface have different electrical lengths.
  • the width of each narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i keeps the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 facing each other at about ⁇ / 4. And it is designed to a value that can obtain the desired electrical characteristics.
  • At least two coupling waveguides are required to improve the electrical characteristics of the branch line coupler. As the number of coupling waveguides increases, the electrical properties of the branch line coupler improve.
  • the characteristic impedance of the branch line coupler depends on the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguide. Therefore, the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is a width at which the branch line coupler 1 has a desired characteristic impedance value.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing reflection characteristics at port 2a, which is the first port of the branch line coupler 1.
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing passage characteristics between port 2a and port 2b of the branch line coupler
  • FIG. 3C is a diagram showing coupling characteristics between port 2a and port 2c of the branch line coupler.
  • FIG. 3D is a diagram showing the isolation characteristics between the port 2a and the port 2d of the branch line coupler.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view showing a reference branch line coupler 100 from which ideal electrical characteristics can be obtained.
  • the horizontal axis is the normalized frequency F / F0.
  • the frequency F0 is the center frequency of the used frequency band at the time of designing the branch line coupler, and the frequency F is each frequency of the used frequency band.
  • the vertical axis is the S-parameter (amplitude value) at the normalized frequency F / F0.
  • the characteristic shown by the solid line is the characteristic of the branch line coupler 1 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C, and the characteristic shown by the broken line is the characteristic of the branch line coupler 100 shown in FIG.
  • the branch line coupler 100 includes a first main waveguide 101, a second main waveguide 102, and coupling waveguides 103a to 103i.
  • the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102 have the same structure and the same dimensions, and are provided so as to face each other in parallel.
  • the facing distance between the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102 is one-fourth of the wavelength ⁇ at the center frequency F0.
  • the shape of the cross section of the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102 in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is rectangular.
  • the coupling waveguides 103a to 103i are provided side by side on the surface where the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102 face each other, and the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102 are provided side by side. It communicates with 102 and connects.
  • the coupling waveguides 103a to 103i have a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction. On the wide wall surface of the first main waveguide 101 and the second main waveguide 102, the distance between the adjacent coupling waveguides is ⁇ / 4.
  • the coupling waveguides 103a to 103i are parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • a wall surface portion is formed.
  • the branch line coupler 100 is a virtual coupler assuming that the wall surface portions of the coupling waveguides 103a to 103i do not bend, and ideal electrical characteristics can be obtained as a branch line coupler.
  • the branch line coupler 1 when the powder material is laminated in the vertical direction from the horizontal plane using a 3D printer, the coupling waveguide does not need to be used to prevent the coupling waveguide from bending. The occurrence of bending of the tubes 4a to 4i is reduced. Further, since the branch line coupler 1 can be formed by laminating powder materials in the tube axis direction of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3, it is orthogonal to the tube axis direction of the main waveguide. It is easy to form a constant shape and dimension of the cross section in the direction of orthogonality. Therefore, the branch line coupler 1 is easy to design and easily forms a structure that realizes desired electrical characteristics by using a 3D printer.
  • the branch line coupler 1 includes nine coupling waveguides 4a to 4i is shown.
  • the number of coupling waveguides may be two or more, and the branch line coupler 1 includes a number of coupling waveguides corresponding to desired electrical characteristics.
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1A, which is a modification (1) of the branch line coupler 1.
  • FIG. 5B is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1A seen from the direction of arrow D in FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional arrow showing the branch line coupler 1A cut along the line EE of FIG. 5A.
  • the same components as those in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, and the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 2 are provided side by side. It is a waveguide that communicates with and connects to the tube 3. Further, the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i have a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and the shape dimension of the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is constant. Further, the wide wall surfaces of the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i are bent in the same direction, with the same curvature, in an arc shape.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i has a width different from the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other.
  • the width of the wide wall surface of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is the distance between the narrow wall surface seen from the direction of arrow D and the narrow wall surface seen from the direction opposite to the arrow D. be.
  • the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i are all narrower than the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other.
  • the coupling waveguides 5a, 5e and 5i have the same width and the widest
  • the coupling waveguides 5c and 5g have the same width and the next widest
  • the coupling waveguides 5b and 5d have the same width
  • 5f and 5h have the same width and are configured to be the narrowest.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i is not limited to a width equal to the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other. , Different widths are allowed. By changing the widths of the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i, for example, it is possible to correct the parasitic component generated in the connection portion between the main waveguide and the coupling waveguide. By correcting the parasitic component, the electrical characteristics of the branch line coupler 1A can be improved.
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1B, which is a modification (2) of the branch line coupler 1.
  • FIG. 6B is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1B seen from the direction of arrow F in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 6C is a partially enlarged view showing a portion of the branch line coupler 1B surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 6B.
  • the same components as those in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, and the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 2 are provided side by side. It is a waveguide that communicates with and connects to the tube 3. Further, the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i have a rectangular shape in the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and the shape dimension of the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is constant. The wide wall surfaces of the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i are bent in the same direction and in an arc shape with the same curvature.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i is bent with a larger curvature than the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i. That is, the branch line coupler 1B includes coupling waveguides 6a to 6i that are bent at a curvature different from that of the branch line coupler 1. Even if powder materials are laminated in the vertical direction from the horizontal plane using a 3D printer to form the branch line coupler 1B, the wall surface portion parallel to the horizontal plane is not formed in the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i, and the wall surface portion is not formed vertically above. A wall surface portion that is bent in a convex shape is formed. As a result, the occurrence of bending of the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i is reduced.
  • the branch line coupler 1B includes coupling waveguides 6a to 6i having a large curvature, so that the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is maintained at about ⁇ / 4. , It is possible to close the interval. Thereby, the branch line coupler 1B can realize the overall miniaturization. Further, each of the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i has the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, similarly to the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i. May be waveguides with different widths.
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1C, which is a modification (3) of the branch line coupler 1.
  • FIG. 7B is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1C seen from the direction of arrow G in FIG. 7A.
  • the same components as those in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, and the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 2 are provided side by side. It is connected to the tube 3 in communication. Further, each of the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and the shape and dimensions of the cross-section are constant, that is, the width of the narrow wall surface is constant.
  • Each of the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i is bent in an arc shape in the same direction, and the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i include those having different curvatures of the arcs.
  • the coupling waveguides 7a, 7c, 7e, 7g and 7i are bent in an arc shape having a large curvature, similar to the coupling waveguides 6a to 6i.
  • the coupling waveguides 7b, 7d, 7f and 7h are bent in an arc shape having a small curvature, similarly to the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the transmission line realized by the coupling waveguide bent in an arc shape has different characteristic impedances and different path lengths along the center of the waveguide when the curvature of the arc is different. That is, the arc-shaped coupling waveguides having different curvatures have different electrical lengths. Therefore, in the branch line coupler 1C, the curvatures of the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i keep the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 facing each other at about ⁇ / 4. , Designed to a value that gives the desired electrical length.
  • the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i are a combination of arcuate coupling waveguides having different curvatures.
  • the branch line coupler 1C is provided with the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i, so that the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is maintained at about ⁇ / 4, and the distance between them is maintained. It is possible to reduce the overall size.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 7a to 7i has the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, similarly to the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i. May be waveguides with different widths.
  • FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1D, which is a modification (4) of the branch line coupler 1.
  • 8B is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1D seen from the arrow H direction of FIG. 8A
  • FIG. 8C is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1D seen from the arrow I direction of FIG. 8A.
  • the same components as those in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
  • the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, and the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 2 are provided side by side. It is a waveguide that communicates with and connects to the tube 3. Further, the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i have a rectangular shape in the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and the shape dimension of the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction is constant. Further, the wide wall surfaces of the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i are bent in the same direction and at the same angle in a triangular roof shape.
  • the first main waveguide 2, the second main waveguide and the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i are formed by stacking powder materials in the direction of arrow C on a horizontal plane and firing them using a 3D printer. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8C, even if the powder materials are stacked in the direction of arrow C, the wall surface portion parallel to the horizontal plane is not formed in the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i, and the vertically upper portion is bent in a convex shape. The wall surface portion is formed.
  • the branch line coupler 1D when the powder materials are laminated in the vertical direction, the powder particles constituting the wall surface portion in which the vertical upper portion is bent in a convex shape are overlapped diagonally upward, and the adjacent powder particles support each other. The part is formed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of bending of the wall surface portions of the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i. Since the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i incline steeply as the bending angle of the triangular roof shape is reduced, the powder particles are diagonally upwardly overlapped even in the vicinity of the apex of the triangular roof, and the number of powder particles lying side by side is reduced. Therefore, the occurrence of bending is further suppressed.
  • the width of the narrow wall surface of each of the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i is constant, but as shown in FIG. 8C, the coupling waveguide 8a and the coupling waveguide 8i are narrow.
  • the wall surface has the same width, and the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguides 8b to 8h is wider than the width of the narrow wall surface of the coupling waveguide 8a and the coupling waveguide 8i.
  • each triangular roof shape of the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i is such that the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is about ⁇ / 4. It is designed to maintain and obtain the desired electrical characteristics. Further, each of the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i has the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, similarly to the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i. May be waveguides with different widths.
  • FIG. 9A is a perspective view showing the configuration of the branch line coupler 1E, which is a modification (5) of the branch line coupler 1.
  • 9B is an arrow diagram showing the branch line coupler 1E seen from the direction of arrow J in FIG. 9A.
  • the same components as those in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i are provided side by side on the wide wall surface where the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, and the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 2 are provided side by side. It is connected to the tube 3 in communication. Further, each of the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction, and the shape and dimensions of the cross-section are constant, that is, the width of the narrow wall surface is constant.
  • Each of the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i is bent into a triangular roof shape in the same direction, and the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i include those having different angles of the triangular roof.
  • the coupling waveguides 9a, 9c, 9e, 9g and 9i are bent into a triangular roof shape having a large angle, similar to the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i.
  • the coupling waveguides 9b, 9d, 9f and 9h are bent into a triangular roof shape having a smaller angle than the coupling waveguides 8a to 8i.
  • the transmission line realized by the coupling waveguide bent into a triangular roof shape has different characteristic impedances and different electrical lengths when the angle of the triangular roof shape is different.
  • the angle of each triangular roof shape of the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i is such that the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is about ⁇ / 4. It is designed to maintain and obtain the desired electrical characteristics.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i has the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, similarly to the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i. May be waveguides with different widths.
  • the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i are a combination of coupling waveguides having a triangular roof shape having different bending angles.
  • the branch line coupler 1E is provided with the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i, so that the distance between the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 is maintained at about ⁇ / 4, and the distance between them is maintained. It is possible to reduce the overall size.
  • each of the coupling waveguides 9a to 9i has the width of the wide wall surface on which the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3 face each other, similarly to the coupling waveguides 5a to 5i. May be waveguides with different widths.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state in which the branch line coupler 1F, which is a modification (6) of the branch line coupler 1, is viewed from the port side.
  • the branch line coupler 1F includes a first main waveguide 10, a second main waveguide 11, and coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the first main waveguide 10 and the second main waveguide 11 have a rectangular shape having rounded corners in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction.
  • the first portion which is a rectangle with rounded corners at the four corners of the outer circumference, and the inner circumference thereof.
  • a second portion which is a rectangle with rounded corners, is provided.
  • the first main waveguide 10 and the second main waveguide 11 have a structure in which the first portion is fitted and connected to the second portion.
  • the branch line coupler 1F is effective when not all the waveguide components are formed by using a 3D printer, but some waveguide components are formed by cutting using an end mill.
  • the waveguide component formed by cutting with an end mill has a rectangular cross section with rounded corners as shown in FIG.
  • a first part (or a second part) is formed by using a 3D printer, a second part (or a first part) is formed by cutting using an end mill, and the first part is formed. Fits into the second portion.
  • the cross-sectional shape can be made the same at the connecting portion of the first portion and the second portion, so that the characteristics of the connecting portion can be easily matched, and the first portion and the second portion are connected. Even if the main waveguide is formed, it is difficult to deviate from the desired electrical characteristics.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which the branch line coupler 1G, which is a modification (7) of the branch line coupler 1, is viewed from the port side.
  • the branch line coupler 1G includes a first main waveguide 12, a second main waveguide 13, and coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the first main waveguide 12 and the second main waveguide 13 have an elliptical cross-sectional shape in a direction orthogonal to the tube axis direction.
  • the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are bent in the same direction, so that they are the same as the branch line coupler 1. Effect can be obtained.
  • the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the first main waveguide 12 and the second main waveguide are provided in place of the first main waveguide and the second main waveguide included in the branch line coupler 1 and 1A to 1E.
  • the one provided with the main waveguide 13 of 2 is also included.
  • the portion manufactured by using the 3D printer is a part.
  • the coupling waveguide is bent convexly in the same direction, but the coupling waveguide in the part manufactured by cutting is the opposite of the coupling waveguide in the portion manufactured using a 3D printer. It may or may not be bent in a convex shape in the direction. That is, in the branch line coupler according to the first embodiment, in addition to the configuration in which all the coupling waveguides are bent in a convex shape in the same direction, a part of the plurality of coupling waveguides is included. Also included is a configuration comprising a coupling waveguide that is convexly bent in the opposite direction or a coupling waveguide that is not bent.
  • the branch line coupler 1 As described above, in the branch line coupler 1 according to the first embodiment, the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide from the horizontal plane are vertically above the convex side of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the powder particles constituting the convex shape of the bent coupling waveguides 4a to 4i are overlapped diagonally upward.
  • a portion in which adjacent powder particles support each other is formed, so that the branch line coupler 1 laminates the powder material along the tube axial direction of the first main waveguide 2 and the second main waveguide 3. Even so, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of bending of the coupling waveguides 4a to 4i.
  • the branch line coupler according to the present disclosure can be used, for example, in a high frequency circuit.
  • 1,1A-1G branch line coupler 2,10,12 first main waveguide, 3,11,13 second main waveguide, 4a-4i, 5a-5i, 6a-6i, 7a-7i, 8a ⁇ 8i, 9a ⁇ 9i Coupling waveguide.

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  • Waveguides (AREA)

Abstract

Coupleur de ligne de ramification (1) comprenant : un premier tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (2) ; un second tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (3) disposé en parallèle avec le premier tuyau de guide d'ondes principal et faisant face au premier tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (2) ; et une pluralité de tuyaux de guide d'ondes de jonction (4a-4i) qui sont disposés côte à côte sur des surfaces se faisant face mutuellement du premier tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (2) et du second tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (3) et qui communiquent entre et connectent le premier tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (2) et le second tuyau de guide d'ondes principal (3). La pluralité de tuyaux de guide d'ondes de jonction (4a-4i) ont chacun une forme de section transversale constante dans une direction perpendiculaire à la direction axiale du tuyau et sont courbés de manière convexe dans les mêmes directions.
PCT/JP2020/040579 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Coupleur de ligne de ramification WO2022091283A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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PCT/JP2020/040579 WO2022091283A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Coupleur de ligne de ramification
JP2022558702A JP7199615B2 (ja) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 ブランチラインカプラ

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PCT/JP2020/040579 WO2022091283A1 (fr) 2020-10-29 2020-10-29 Coupleur de ligne de ramification

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114725644A (zh) * 2022-05-09 2022-07-08 电子科技大学 一种超低幅度不平坦度的e面分支波导定向耦合器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58119205A (ja) * 1982-01-08 1983-07-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 導波管形結合器
US5389901A (en) * 1993-03-23 1995-02-14 Itt Corporation Microwave amplitude equalizer circuit
JP2016076878A (ja) * 2014-10-08 2016-05-12 古野電気株式会社 ブランチライン型方向性結合分配器
WO2017203568A1 (fr) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de guide d'ondes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58119205A (ja) * 1982-01-08 1983-07-15 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 導波管形結合器
US5389901A (en) * 1993-03-23 1995-02-14 Itt Corporation Microwave amplitude equalizer circuit
JP2016076878A (ja) * 2014-10-08 2016-05-12 古野電気株式会社 ブランチライン型方向性結合分配器
WO2017203568A1 (fr) * 2016-05-23 2017-11-30 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de guide d'ondes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114725644A (zh) * 2022-05-09 2022-07-08 电子科技大学 一种超低幅度不平坦度的e面分支波导定向耦合器
CN114725644B (zh) * 2022-05-09 2023-01-31 电子科技大学 一种超低幅度不平坦度的e面分支波导定向耦合器

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JPWO2022091283A1 (fr) 2022-05-05

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