WO2022062886A1 - 用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置 - Google Patents
用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022062886A1 WO2022062886A1 PCT/CN2021/116646 CN2021116646W WO2022062886A1 WO 2022062886 A1 WO2022062886 A1 WO 2022062886A1 CN 2021116646 W CN2021116646 W CN 2021116646W WO 2022062886 A1 WO2022062886 A1 WO 2022062886A1
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- rocker arm
- wheel support
- measuring device
- force measuring
- wheel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of machinery industry, and more particularly, to a synchronous track change device used for routine test of track gauge wheelset.
- variable-gauge wheelsets adapted to different gauges.
- the newly developed track gauge wheel needs to be tested on a routine test bench to verify whether it can realize the track change function.
- the track change device in the routine test bench is used to realize the track change of the wheelset on both sides, and is a key component in the routine test bench of the track gauge wheelset.
- the present invention provides a synchronous track change device for routine test of the wheelset with variable gauge, which uses a rocker arm to drive the left and right wheel support platforms at the same time, so that the two wheel support platforms move synchronously to ensure the change of track.
- the gauge wheelset the two wheels of the track change synchronously.
- the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
- a synchronous track changing device used for routine test of track gauge wheelset comprising:
- the guide rail slide table is installed on the foundation of the test bench, and the guide rail slide table is provided with a left wheel support table and a right wheel support table respectively capable of sliding along the guide rails of the guide rail slide table;
- rocker arm central axis seat is installed on the foundation of the test bench, and the rocker arm central axis seat spans the guide rail slide table, and is located on the left wheel support platform and the right side between the wheel supports;
- rocker arm is mounted on the rocker arm central axle seat through a pin shaft;
- an actuator which is installed on the foundation of the test bench and is hinged with the rocker arm to drive the rocker arm to rotate around the pin shaft;
- a left connecting rod force measuring device two ends of the left connecting rod force measuring device are respectively hinged with the left wheel support platform and the rocker arm;
- the connecting rod force measuring device has the same structure, and the two are arranged symmetrically along the pin axis;
- the distance between the hinged position of the rocker arm and the left connecting rod force measuring device to the pin shaft is L1
- the hinged position of the rocker arm and the right connecting rod force measuring device is The distance between the pins
- the dimensions of L1 and L2 are the same.
- the right wheel support platform includes:
- a support table body which is slidably arranged on the guide rail slide table;
- a drive conical wheel the drive conical wheel is mounted on the support table body through a drive motor;
- an eccentric conical drum the eccentric conical drum is mounted on the support table body and is connected with a locking wrench;
- the drive conical wheel and the eccentric conical drum are used to distribute on the inner and outer sides of the wheel, and the locking wrench is used to position the eccentric conical drum so that the wheel is stuck on the drive conical wheel and the eccentric drum between the conical rollers.
- the right wheel support platform further comprises a vehicle speed measurement code disc mounted on the support platform body, and the vehicle speed measurement code disc is used for contacting the tread surface of the wheel.
- the structure of the left wheel support platform is the same as that of the right wheel support platform.
- a pin seat is provided on the right wheel support platform, and the pin seat is used to install the bottom spherical hinge of the right connecting rod force measuring device.
- a displacement sensor is installed on the actuator.
- the present invention provides a synchronous rail change device for routine test of wheel sets with variable gauge, comprising a guide rail sliding table, a rocker arm central axle seat, a rocker arm, an actuator, a left connecting rod force measuring device, a right connecting rod Rod force measuring device;
- the guide rail slide table is installed on the foundation of the test bench, and the guide rail slide table is provided with a left wheel support table and a right wheel support table that can slide along the guide rails of the guide rail slide table respectively;
- the rocker arm center axle seat is installed On the basis of the test bench, and the center axle seat of the rocker arm spans the guide rail slide table, and is located between the left wheel support platform and the right wheel support platform;
- the rocker arm is installed on the center axis seat of the rocker arm through the pin; actuation
- the tester is installed on the foundation of the test bench and is hinged with the rocker arm to drive the rocker arm to rotate around the pin shaft; the two ends of the left link force measuring device are respectively hinged with the left
- the synchronous rail change device utilizes the rocker arm to drive the left and right wheel support platforms at the same time, so that the two wheel support platforms move synchronously and ensure the synchronous rail change of the two wheels in the track gauge wheelset.
- Fig. 1 is the assembly diagram of the synchronous track change device and the track change wheel set for the routine test of the track gauge wheel set provided by the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous track change device for routine test of a track gauge wheelset provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a right wheel support platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an actuator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention discloses a synchronous track change device used for routine test of a wheelset with variable gauge, which utilizes a rocker arm to drive the left and right wheel support platforms at the same time, so that the two wheel support platforms move synchronously to ensure the track change.
- the track of the two wheels in the distance wheel set is changed synchronously.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous track change device for routine test of a wheelset with variable gauge, including a guide rail sliding table, a rocker arm center shaft seat, a rocker arm, an actuator, a left link force measuring device, a right Side link force measuring device;
- the rail slide table is installed on the foundation of the test bench, and the rail slide table is provided with a left wheel support table and a right wheel support table that can slide along the guide rails on the rail slide table respectively;
- the axle seat is installed on the foundation of the test bench, and the center axle seat of the rocker arm spans the guide rail slide table and is located between the left wheel support platform and the right wheel support platform;
- the rocker arm is installed on the center axis seat of the rocker arm through a pin shaft ;
- the actuator is installed on the foundation of the test bench and is hinged with the rocker arm to drive the rocker arm to rotate around the pin shaft; the two ends of the left connecting rod force measuring device are respectively hinge
- the synchronous rail change device utilizes the rocker arm to drive the left and right wheel support platforms at the same time, so that the two wheel support platforms move synchronously and ensure the synchronous rail change of the two wheels in the track gauge wheelset.
- the right wheel support platform includes a support platform body, a drive cone wheel and an eccentric cone roller; the support platform body is slidably arranged on the guide rail slide table; the drive cone wheel is installed by a drive motor On the support table body; the eccentric conical roller is assembled on the eccentric shaft through the bearing, the eccentric shaft is installed on the support table body so as to rotate around its own axis, the eccentric shaft is connected with a locking wrench, and the upper surface of the support table body is installed with arc-shaped teeth
- the user can adjust and fix the position of the eccentric cone drum by turning the locking wrench and clipping it on the arc-shaped rack; among them, the driving cone wheel and the eccentric cone drum are used to distribute on the inner and outer sides of the wheel, And the locking wrench is used to position the eccentric cone so that the wheel is caught between the drive cone and the eccentric cone.
- the right wheel support platform also includes a vehicle speed measuring code disc mounted on the support platform body.
- the vehicle speed measuring code disc is located between the driving conical wheel and the eccentric conical drum, and is used for contacting with the tread surface of the wheel to measure the speed of the wheel.
- the locking wrench can be pivoted up and down on the eccentric shaft, and the locking wrench is connected with a return spring. When the locking wrench is lifted from the rack, the return spring is stretched to generate tension, and the user drives the eccentric through the locking plate. After the shaft is rotated, the wrench is released, and the tension of the return spring makes the wrench reset and press down again and engage with the new position on the rack to realize the fixed and adjusted position of the eccentric cone drum.
- the structure of the left wheel support platform is the same as that of the right wheel support platform.
- the right wheel support platform is provided with a pin seat, which is used to install the bottom ball joint of the right connecting rod force measuring device.
- the pin seat on the left wheel support table and the pin seat on the right wheel support table are arranged symmetrically along the pin axis.
- the left wheel support platform and the right wheel support platform are arranged symmetrically along the pin axis.
- a displacement sensor is installed on the actuator.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous track change device for routine test of a wheelset with variable gauge, including a guide rail slide 1, a rocker arm center shaft seat 3, a rocker arm 5, an actuating 6, the left connecting rod force measuring device 7, the right connecting rod force measuring device 9;
- the guide rail on the guide rail slide 1 is a linear guide rail, and the guide rail slide 1 is provided with a completely symmetrical left wheel support platform 2
- the structure is exactly the same as that of the right wheel support platform 4; the left connecting rod force measuring device 7 and the right connecting rod force measuring device 9.
- the guide rail slide 1 and the rocker arm center shaft seat 3 are respectively installed on the foundation of the test bench by bolts.
- the left wheel support stage 2 and the right wheel support stage 4 can slide on the guide rails of the guide rail slide table 1 respectively.
- the wheels on both sides of the pair 8 are respectively clamped between the drive cone wheel 12 and the eccentric cone drum 14 on the left wheel support platform 2 and the right wheel support platform 4;
- the rocker arm 5 is installed in the center of the rocker arm through the middle pin shaft On the axle seat 3, and the rocker arm can rotate around the pin shaft;
- the bottom of 6 is fixed on the foundation of the test bench by bolts, and the bottoms of the left connecting rod force measuring device 7 and the right connecting rod force measuring device 9 are respectively installed on the left wheel support platform 2 and the right wheel support platform 4 through pins. on the pin seat 11.
- the axis of the pin connection point on the left connecting rod force measuring device 7 and the rocker arm 5 is away from the rotation pin of the rocker arm 5 (that is, for installing the rocker arm 5 on the rocker arm center shaft seat 3 )
- the distance between the pin shaft on the right side of the connecting rod force measuring device 9 and the pin shaft connection point on the rocker arm 5 is equal to the distance from the rotation pin shaft of the rocker arm 5 to ensure that the actuator 6 drives the rocker arm 5 to move.
- the right wheel support table 4 is composed of a support table body 10 , a pin seat 11 , a driving cone wheel 12 , a vehicle speed measuring code disc 13 , an eccentric cone drum 14 , and a locking wrench 15 .
- the bottom of the support table body 10 is provided with a guide rail sliding seat matched with the guide rail.
- the pin seat 11 , the driving cone wheel 12 , the vehicle speed measuring code disc 13 , the eccentric cone drum 14 and the locking wrench 15 are all installed on the support table body 10 .
- the pin seat 11 is used to install the bottom ball joint of the right connecting rod force measuring device 9 .
- a right motor is installed at the bottom of the driving cone wheel 12, and the right motor drives the driving cone wheel 12 to rotate, thereby driving the wheel to rotate.
- the speed measuring wheel on the vehicle speed measuring code disc 13 is in contact with the tread surface of the wheel, and the speed of the wheel can be measured in real time.
- the eccentric conical roller 14 is in contact with the outside of the wheel, and the wheel can be stuck between the driving conical roller 12 and the eccentric conical roller 14 by locking the wrench 15. When the eccentric conical roller 14 exerts a force on the wheel, the wheel moves inward. When the motor and the drive conical wheel 12 exert force on the wheel, the wheel moves outward.
- a displacement sensor 17 is installed on the actuator 6; the actuator 6 adopts displacement control, and the displacement sensor 17 transmits the collected displacement signal into the control system, and compares it with the target displacement to make the actuator Lengthen or shorten, thereby controlling the movement of the actuator.
- the actuator 16 is extended or shortened under the control of the control system, pushing the rocker arm 5 to rotate around the pin shaft, and then the left link force measuring device 7 and the right link force measuring device 9 move.
- the left link force measuring device 7 and the right link force measuring device 9 pull the left wheel support platform 2 and the right wheel support platform 4 inwards, respectively, so that they slide along the guide rail.
- the guide rail on 1 moves inward, and the eccentric cone roller 14 pushes the wheel inward, so that the two wheels move inward, and the gauge becomes smaller.
- the actuator 16 is shortened, the left connecting rod force measuring device 7 and the right connecting rod force measuring device 9 push the left wheel support platform 2 and the right wheel support platform 4 outward respectively, so that they slide along the guide rail.
- the guide rail on 1 moves outward, and drives the conical wheel 12 to push the wheel outward, so that the two wheels move outward, and the gauge becomes larger.
- the conical wheel 12 is driven to rotate under the action of the motor, and the driving conical wheel 12 drives the wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the wheel while changing the track.
- the actuator 6 adopts displacement control.
- the displacement sensor 17 on the actuator 6 measures the displacement of the actuator in real time. When the system moves to the displacement corresponding to the wide rail or the standard rail, the actuator stops moving.
- the rail changing force is measured in real time by the displacement sensor 16, the left connecting rod force measuring device 7, and the right connecting rod force measuring device 9.
- the left connecting rod force measuring device 7 and the right connecting rod force measuring device 9 are respectively provided with force measuring sensors.
- the synchronous rail change device not only changes the rails of the wheels on both sides of the gauge-change wheelset synchronously, but also measures the rail change force of the wheels on both sides during the rail change process.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，包括导轨滑台、摇臂中心轴座、摇臂、作动器，以及结构相同的左、右侧连杆测力装置；导轨滑台安装在试验台基础上，其上设有能滑动的左、右侧车轮支撑台；摇臂中心轴座安装在试验台基础上，并位于左、右侧车轮支撑台之间，其上通过销轴安装摇臂；作动器安装在试验台基础上，与摇臂铰接，以驱动摇臂绕销轴转动；左侧连杆测力装置分别与左侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置分别与右侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；摇臂上与左侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离，同摇臂上与右侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离，尺寸相同。该同步变轨装置确保变轨距轮对中两车轮同步变轨。
Description
本申请要求于2020年09月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011024784.3、发明名称为“用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及机械工业技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置。
铁路轨道的轨距不一致阻碍了跨国交流及贸易往来，为增强跨国互联互通，促进贸易往来，特开发适应不同轨距的变轨距轮对。
新开发的变轨距轮需利用例行试验台进行试验，以验证其是否能实现变轨功能。例行试验台中变轨装置用于实现两侧轮对变轨，是变轨距轮对例行试验台中的关键组成部分。
但是，现有的变轨装置难以使变轨距轮对中两侧车轮实现同步变轨，影响试验结果的准确性。
综上所述，如何提供一种变轨装置，确保在例行试验中使变轨距轮对中两侧车轮实现同步变轨，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，其利用摇臂同时驱动左侧、右侧车轮支撑台，使两车轮支撑台同步运动，确保变轨距轮对中两车轮同步变轨。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，包括：
导轨滑台，所述导轨滑台安装在试验台基础上，且所述导轨滑台上设有分别能够沿所述导轨滑台的导轨滑动的左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台；
摇臂中心轴座，所述摇臂中心轴座安装在所述试验台基础上，且所述摇臂 中心轴座跨过所述导轨滑台，并位于所述左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台之间；
摇臂，所述摇臂通过销轴安装在所述摇臂中心轴座上；
作动器，所述作动器安装在所述试验台基础上，并与所述摇臂铰接，用于驱动所述摇臂绕所述销轴转动；
左侧连杆测力装置，所述左侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与所述左侧车轮支撑台和所述摇臂铰接；
右侧连杆测力装置，所述右侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与所述右侧车轮支撑台和所述摇臂铰接；所述右侧连杆测力装置和所述左侧连杆测力装置结构相同，并且两者沿所述销轴对称布置；
其中，所述摇臂上与所述左侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到所述销轴的距离为L1，所述摇臂上与所述右侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到所述销轴的距离为L2，L1和L2尺寸相同。
优选的，上述同步变轨装置中，所述右侧车轮支撑台包括：
支撑台本体，所述支撑台本体能够滑动地设置在所述导轨滑台上；
驱动锥形轮，所述驱动锥形轮通过驱动电机安装在所述支撑台本体上；
偏心圆锥滚筒，所述偏心圆锥滚筒安装在所述支撑台本体上，并连接有锁紧扳手；
其中，所述驱动锥形轮和所述偏心圆锥滚筒用于分布在车轮内外两侧，且锁紧扳手用于定位所述偏心圆锥滚筒以使车轮卡在所述驱动锥形轮和所述偏心圆锥滚筒之间。
优选的，上述同步变轨装置中，所述右侧车轮支撑台还包括安装在所述支撑台本体上的车速测量码盘，所述车速测量码盘用于与车轮的踏面接触。
优选的，上述同步变轨装置中，所述左侧车轮支撑台的结构与所述右侧车轮支撑台的结构相同。
优选的，上述同步变轨装置中，所述右侧车轮支撑台上设有销轴座，所述销轴座用于安装右侧连杆测力装置的底部球铰。
优选的，上述同步变轨装置中，所述作动器上安装有位移传感器。
本发明提供一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，包括导轨滑台、摇臂中心轴座、摇臂、作动器、左侧连杆测力装置、右侧连杆测力装置；导轨滑台安装在试验台基础上，且导轨滑台上设有分别能够沿导轨滑台的导轨滑动的左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台；摇臂中心轴座安装在试验台基础上，且摇臂中心轴座跨过导轨滑台，并位于左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台之间；摇臂通过销轴安装在摇臂中心轴座上；作动器安装在试验台基础上，并与摇臂铰接，用于驱动摇臂绕销轴转动；左侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与左侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与右侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置和左侧连杆测力装置结构相同，并且两者沿销轴对称布置；其中，摇臂上与左侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离为L1，摇臂上与右侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离为L2，L1和L2尺寸相同。
本发明提供的同步变轨装置利用摇臂同时驱动左侧、右侧车轮支撑台，使两车轮支撑台同步运动，确保变轨距轮对中两车轮同步变轨。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置与变轨距轮对的装配图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的右侧车轮支承台的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的作动器的结构示意图；
其中，图1-图4中：
导轨滑台1、左侧车轮支承台2、摇臂中心轴座3、右侧车轮支承台4、摇 臂5、作动器6、左侧连杆测力装置7、变轨距轮对8、右侧连杆测力装置9、支撑台本体10、销轴座11、驱动锥形轮12、车速测量码盘13、偏心圆锥滚筒14、锁紧扳手15、位移传感器16。
本发明实施例公开了一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，其利用摇臂同时驱动左侧、右侧车轮支撑台，使两车轮支撑台同步运动，确保变轨距轮对中两车轮同步变轨。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，包括导轨滑台、摇臂中心轴座、摇臂、作动器、左侧连杆测力装置、右侧连杆测力装置；导轨滑台安装在试验台基础上，且导轨滑台上设有分别能够沿导轨滑台上的导轨滑动的左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台；摇臂中心轴座安装在试验台基础上，且摇臂中心轴座跨过导轨滑台，并位于左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台之间；摇臂通过销轴安装在摇臂中心轴座上；作动器安装在试验台基础上，并与摇臂铰接，用于驱动摇臂绕销轴转动；左侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与左侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与右侧车轮支撑台和摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置和左侧连杆测力装置结构相同、尺寸相同，并且两者沿销轴对称布置；其中，摇臂上与左侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离为L1，摇臂上与右侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到销轴的距离为L2，L1和L2尺寸相同。
本发明提供的同步变轨装置利用摇臂同时驱动左侧、右侧车轮支撑台，使两车轮支撑台同步运动，确保变轨距轮对中两车轮同步变轨。
具体的，上述同步变轨装置中，右侧车轮支撑台包括支撑台本体、驱动锥形轮和偏心圆锥滚筒；支撑台本体能够滑动地设置在导轨滑台上；驱动锥形轮 通过驱动电机安装在支撑台本体上；偏心圆锥滚筒通过轴承装配在偏心轴上，偏心轴能够绕自身轴线转动地安装在支撑台本体上，偏心轴连接有锁紧扳手，支撑台本体上表面安装有弧形齿条，使用时用户通过转动锁紧扳手并将其卡到弧形齿条上即可调整和固定偏心圆锥滚筒的位置；其中，驱动锥形轮和偏心圆锥滚筒用于分布在车轮内外两侧，且锁紧扳手用于定位偏心圆锥滚筒以使车轮卡在驱动锥形轮和偏心圆锥滚筒之间。右侧车轮支撑台还包括安装在支撑台本体上的车速测量码盘，车速测量码盘位于驱动锥形轮和偏心圆锥滚筒之间，用于与车轮的踏面接触，以对车轮测速。锁紧扳手能上下转动地铰接在偏心轴上，且锁紧扳手上连接有复位弹簧，在锁紧扳手由齿条上抬起时复位弹簧被拉长产生拉力，用户通过锁紧板收驱动偏心轴转动后松开扳手，则复位弹簧的拉力使扳手复位重新下压并与齿条上新的位置啮合，实现固定调整后的偏心圆锥滚筒位置。
进一步的，左侧车轮支撑台的结构与右侧车轮支撑台的结构相同。右侧车轮支撑台上设有销轴座，该销轴座用于安装右侧连杆测力装置的底部球铰。左侧车轮支撑台上亦设有销轴座，该销轴座用于安装左侧连杆测力装置的底部球铰。左侧车轮支撑台上的销轴座和右侧车轮支撑台上的销轴座沿销轴对称设置。左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台沿销轴对称布置。
具体的，上述实施例提供的同步变轨装置中，作动器上安装有位移传感器。
下面结合附图具体介绍本实施例提供的同步变轨装置：
请参阅图1、图2，本发明实施例提供一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，包括导轨滑台1、摇臂中心轴座3、摇臂5、作动器6、左侧连杆测力装置7、右侧连杆测力装置9；导轨滑台1上的导轨为直线导轨，且导轨滑台1上设有结构完全对称的左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4；左侧连杆测力装置7、右侧连杆测力装置9结构完全相同。导轨滑台1和摇臂中心轴座3分别通过螺栓安装在试验台基础上，左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4分别能够在导轨滑台1的导轨上滑动，变轨距轮对8的两侧车轮分别卡在左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4上的驱动锥形轮12和偏心圆锥滚筒14之间；摇臂5通过中间的销轴安装在摇臂中心轴座3上，且摇臂可以绕销轴转 动；作动器6、左侧连杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9分别通过销轴与摇臂5转动连接，作动器6的底部通过螺栓固定在试验台基础上，左侧连杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9的底部通过销轴分别安装在左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4的销轴座11上。
如图2所示，左侧连杆测力装置7和摇臂5上的销轴连接点的轴线距摇臂5的转动销轴(即用于将摇臂5安装在摇臂中心轴座3上的销轴)的距离与右侧连杆测力装置9和摇臂5上的销轴连接点的轴线距摇臂5的转动销轴的距离相等，保证作动器6带动摇臂5运动时，左侧连杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9运动的力臂相同，从而达到两侧车轮同步变轨。
如图3所示，右侧车轮支承台4由支承台本体10、销轴座11、驱动锥形轮12、车速测量码盘13、偏心圆锥滚筒14、锁紧扳手15组成。支承台本体10的底部设有与导轨配合的导轨滑座。销轴座11、驱动锥形轮12、车速测量码盘13、偏心圆锥滚筒14和锁紧扳手15均安装在支承台本体10上。销轴座11用于安装右侧连杆测力装置9的底部球铰。驱动锥形轮12底部安装有右电机，右电机带动驱动锥形轮12旋转，从而带动车轮旋转。车速测量码盘13上的测速轮与车轮踏面接触，能够实时测量车轮转速。偏心圆锥滚筒14与车轮外侧接触，通过锁紧扳手15能够使车轮卡在驱动锥形轮12和偏心圆锥滚筒14之间，当偏心圆锥滚筒14对车轮施加作用力时，车轮向内运动，当电机及驱动锥形轮12对车轮施加作用力时，车轮向外运动。
如图4所示，作动器6上安装有位移传感器17；作动器6采用位移控制，位移传感器17将采集的位移信号传入控制系统中，通过与目标位移进行比较，使作动器伸长或缩短，从而控制作动器的运动。
上述实施例提供的同步变轨装置的工作原理如下：
作动器16在控制系统控制下伸长或缩短，推动摇臂5绕销轴转动，继而带左侧连杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9运动。当作动器16伸长时，左侧连杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9分别向里拉左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4，使两者沿导轨滑台1上的导轨向里运动，偏心圆锥滚筒14向内推动车轮，使两个车轮向里运动，轨距变小。当作动器16缩短时，左侧连 杆测力装置7和右侧连杆测力装置9分别向外推左侧车轮支承台2和右侧车轮支承台4，使两者沿导轨滑台1上的导轨向外运动，驱动锥形轮12向外推动车轮，使两个车轮向外运动，轨距变大。在变轨运动过程中，在电机作用下驱动锥形轮12转动，驱动锥形轮12带动车轮转动，从而实现车轮边变轨边转动。作动器6采用位移控制，作动器6上的位移传感器17实时测量作动器的位移，当系统运动到宽轨或标准轨对应的位移时，作动器停止运动。整个变轨过程中通过位移传感器16、左侧连杆测力装置7、右侧连杆测力装置9实时测量变轨力，当变轨力超限时，作动器停止运动。左侧连杆测力装置7、右侧连杆测力装置9上分别设有测力传感器。
本实施例提供的同步变轨装置既使变轨距轮对中两侧车轮同步变轨，还测量变轨过程中两侧车轮的变轨力。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (6)
- 一种用于变轨距轮对例行试验的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，包括：导轨滑台，所述导轨滑台安装在试验台基础上，且所述导轨滑台上设有分别能够沿所述导轨滑台的导轨滑动的左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台；摇臂中心轴座，所述摇臂中心轴座安装在所述试验台基础上，且所述摇臂中心轴座跨过所述导轨滑台，并位于所述左侧车轮支撑台和右侧车轮支撑台之间；摇臂，所述摇臂通过销轴安装在所述摇臂中心轴座上；作动器，所述作动器安装在所述试验台基础上，并与所述摇臂铰接，用于驱动所述摇臂绕所述销轴转动；左侧连杆测力装置，所述左侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与所述左侧车轮支撑台和所述摇臂铰接；右侧连杆测力装置，所述右侧连杆测力装置的两端分别与所述右侧车轮支撑台和所述摇臂铰接；所述右侧连杆测力装置和所述左侧连杆测力装置结构相同，并且两者沿所述销轴对称布置；其中，所述摇臂上与所述左侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到所述销轴的距离为L1，所述摇臂上与所述右侧连杆测力装置的铰接位置到所述销轴的距离为L2，L1和L2尺寸相同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，所述右侧车轮支撑台包括：支撑台本体，所述支撑台本体能够滑动地设置在所述导轨滑台上；驱动锥形轮，所述驱动锥形轮通过驱动电机安装在所述支撑台本体上；偏心圆锥滚筒，所述偏心圆锥滚筒安装在所述支撑台本体上，并连接有锁紧扳手；其中，所述驱动锥形轮和所述偏心圆锥滚筒用于分布在车轮内外两侧，且锁紧扳手用于定位所述偏心圆锥滚筒以使车轮卡在所述驱动锥形轮和所述偏心圆锥滚筒之间。
- 根据权利要求2所述的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，所述右侧车轮支撑台还包括安装在所述支撑台本体上的车速测量码盘，所述车速测量码盘用于与车轮的踏面接触。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，所述左侧车轮支撑台的结构与所述右侧车轮支撑台的结构相同。
- 根据权利要求4所述的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，所述右侧车轮支撑台上设有销轴座，所述销轴座用于安装右侧连杆测力装置的底部球铰。
- 根据权利要求1所述的同步变轨装置，其特征在于，所述作动器上安装有位移传感器。
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