WO2022028430A1 - 加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具 - Google Patents

加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022028430A1
WO2022028430A1 PCT/CN2021/110375 CN2021110375W WO2022028430A1 WO 2022028430 A1 WO2022028430 A1 WO 2022028430A1 CN 2021110375 W CN2021110375 W CN 2021110375W WO 2022028430 A1 WO2022028430 A1 WO 2022028430A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
infrared electrothermal
electrothermal coating
strip
infrared
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2021/110375
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗家懋
戚祖强
雷宝灵
胡瑞龙
徐中立
李永海
Original Assignee
深圳市合元科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳市合元科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市合元科技有限公司
Priority to US18/019,796 priority Critical patent/US20230292405A1/en
Priority to EP21854124.1A priority patent/EP4190184A4/en
Priority to KR1020237005246A priority patent/KR20230038554A/ko
Priority to JP2023507536A priority patent/JP2023536322A/ja
Publication of WO2022028430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022028430A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/04—Waterproof or air-tight seals for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/148—Silicon, e.g. silicon carbide, magnesium silicide, heating transistors or diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/46—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of smoking articles, in particular to a heater and a smoking article containing the heater.
  • Smoking articles such as cigarettes and cigars burn tobacco to produce smoke during use. Attempts have been made to provide alternatives to these tobacco-burning articles by creating products that release compounds without burning. Examples of such products are so-called heat-not-burn products, which release compounds by heating tobacco rather than burning it.
  • patent CN109846093A discloses a low-temperature curing smoking tool.
  • the first ring In order to shorten the flow distance of current in the far-infrared coating 32 and reduce the resistance of the far-infrared coating 32 in the current path, in the first ring The first elongated portion 3512 is added to the base 3511, and the first elongated portion 3512 extends from the first annular portion 3511 along the longitudinal direction of the heating base 31 toward the second end b of the heating base 31 (the second conductive The module 352 is similar to this), thereby causing the current to flow in the circumferential direction of the heating substrate 31 .
  • the problem with this low-temperature curing smoking tool is that the difference between the temperature at both ends of the heating base 31 and the temperature at the middle reaches about 100°C, which easily leads to uneven heating locally and long preheating time.
  • the present application provides a heater and a smoking article containing the heater, so as to solve the problem of the large temperature gradient of the heating substrate existing in the existing smoking article.
  • a heater comprising:
  • an infrared electrocaloric coating having opposite first and second ends; the infrared electrocaloric coating formed on the surface of the substrate and extending axially from the first end to the second end;
  • the conductive module includes a first electrode and a second electrode arranged on the base at intervals; the first electrode includes a first bar-shaped electrode extending axially from the first end to the second end, the first electrode The two electrodes include a second strip electrode extending axially from the first end to the second end, and at least a portion of the infrared electrothermal coating is located between the first strip electrode and the second strip electrode between;
  • the equivalent resistance of the infrared electrothermal coating in the part adjacent to the first end is smaller than the equivalent resistance of the infrared electrothermal coating in the middle part; and/or, the infrared electrothermal coating in the part adjacent to the second end
  • the equivalent resistance of the layer is less than the equivalent resistance of the infrared electrothermal coating in the middle part.
  • the smoking article includes a housing assembly and the heater; the heater is provided in the housing assembly.
  • the heater and the smoking article containing the heater provided by the present application generate higher current density and more heat at both ends of the infrared electrothermal coating through the smaller equivalent resistance at both ends of the infrared electrothermal coating, thereby realizing temperature compensation at both ends of the substrate, Improve the uniformity of the substrate temperature field.
  • Fig. 1 is the existing heater schematic diagram
  • Fig. 2 is the temperature field schematic diagram of heating substrate in the existing heater
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heater provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the heater provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a part of the outer surface of the heater provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application after being unfolded;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the temperature field of the heater provided by Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the Joule heat distribution of the heater provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Embodiment 8 is a schematic diagram of a heater provided by Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the heater provided by Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a part of the outer surface of the heater provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application after being unfolded;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another heater provided by Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another perspective view of another heater provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a part of the outer surface of the heater provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application after being unfolded;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the smoking article provided by Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is an exploded schematic diagram of the smoking article provided by Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a heater for heating an aerosol-forming substrate in a smoking article to generate an aerosol for smoking;
  • the heater 10 includes:
  • the base body 11 is formed with a chamber suitable for accommodating the aerosol-forming substrate.
  • a cavity suitable for accommodating the aerosol-forming substrate is hollowly formed inside the base body 11 .
  • the base body 11 may be cylindrical, prismatic or other cylindrical shape.
  • the base body 11 is preferably cylindrical, and the cavity is a cylindrical hole running through the middle of the base body 11. The inner diameter of the hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the aerosol-forming product, so that the aerosol-forming product can be placed in the chamber for heating.
  • the base 11 can be made of high temperature resistant and transparent materials such as quartz glass, ceramics or mica, or can be made of other materials with high infrared transmittance, for example: high temperature resistant materials with infrared transmittance above 95% The material is not specifically limited here.
  • An aerosol-forming substrate is a substrate capable of releasing aerosol-forming volatile compounds. Such volatile compounds can be released by heating the aerosol-forming matrix. Aerosol-forming substrates can be solid or liquid or include solid and liquid components. The aerosol-forming substrate can be adsorbed, coated, impregnated, or otherwise loaded onto a carrier or support. The aerosol-forming substrate may conveniently be part of an aerosol-generating article.
  • the aerosol-forming matrix may include nicotine.
  • the aerosol-forming substrate may include tobacco, for example, may include a tobacco-containing material containing volatile tobacco flavor compounds that are released from the aerosol-forming substrate when heated.
  • Preferred aerosol-forming substrates may include homogenized tobacco material, such as deciduous tobacco.
  • the aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least one aerosol-forming agent, which may be any suitable known compound or mixture of compounds which, in use, facilitates the formation of dense and stable aerosols. formed and is substantially resistant to thermal degradation at the operating temperature of the aerosol-generating system.
  • Suitable aerosol formers are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to: polyols such as triethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol and glycerol; esters of polyols such as glycerol mono-, di- or triacetate ; and fatty acid esters of mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acids, such as dimethyldodecanedioate and dimethyltetradecanedioate.
  • Preferred aerosol formers are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, such as triethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol and most preferably glycerol.
  • the infrared electrothermal coating 12 has an opposite first end A and a second end B, and the infrared electrothermal coating 12 is formed on the surface of the base body 11 and extends axially from the first end A to the second end B.
  • the infrared electrothermal coating 12 may be formed on the outer surface of the base body 11 and may also be formed on the inner surface of the base body 11 .
  • the infrared electrocaloric coating 12 is formed on the outer surface of the base body 11 .
  • the infrared electrothermal coating 12 receives electric power to generate heat, and then generates infrared rays of a certain wavelength, for example, far infrared rays of 8 ⁇ m ⁇ 15 ⁇ m.
  • the wavelength of the infrared rays matches the absorption wavelength of the aerosol-forming substrate, the energy of the infrared rays is easily absorbed by the aerosol-forming substrate.
  • the wavelength of infrared rays is not limited, but may be infrared rays of 0.75 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably far infrared rays of 1.5 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared electrothermal coating 12 is preferably coated on the outer surface of the substrate 11 by fully stirring the far-infrared electrothermal ink, ceramic powder and inorganic adhesive, and then drying and curing for a certain period of time.
  • the thickness of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 is: 30 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m; of course, the infrared electrothermal coating 12 can also be coated on the outer surface of the substrate 11 by mixing and stirring tin tetrachloride, tin oxide, antimony trichloride, titanium tetrachloride and anhydrous copper sulfate in a certain proportion.
  • the infrared electrothermal coating 12 can also is the existing coating of other materials.
  • the conductive module 13 is configured to feed electrical power to the infrared electrothermal coating 12 .
  • the conductive module 13 includes a first electrode 13 and a second electrode 14 arranged on the base body 11 at intervals; the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the base body 11 ; the first electrode 13 and the second electrode
  • the polarities of 14 are opposite, for example: the first electrode 13 is a positive electrode and the second electrode 14 is a negative electrode; or, the first electrode 13 is a negative electrode and the second electrode 14 is a positive electrode.
  • the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are conductive coatings, the conductive coatings can be metal coatings or conductive tapes, etc.
  • the metal coatings can include silver, gold, palladium, platinum, copper, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, niobium or The above metal alloy material.
  • the first electrode 13 includes a first strip electrode 131 extending axially from the first end A to the second end B
  • the second electrode 14 includes a strip electrode 131 extending axially from the first end A to the second end B
  • the second strip electrode 141 at least a part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 is located between the first strip electrode 131 and the second strip electrode 141 , so that the current on the first strip electrode 131 is along the circumferential direction of the base body 11 It flows to the second strip electrode 141 through the infrared electrothermal coating 12 .
  • the first electrode 13 further includes at least one first arc-shaped electrode 132 extending from the first strip-shaped electrode 131 along the circumferential direction of the base body 11
  • the second electrode 14 further includes at least one arc-shaped electrode 132 extending from the second strip-shaped electrode 141 along the base body 11. At least one second arc-shaped electrode 142 extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the first arc-shaped electrode 132 is adjacent to the first end A
  • the second arc-shaped electrode 142 is adjacent to the second end B.
  • the first arc electrodes 132 extend equidistantly from the first strip electrodes 131 along two opposite circumferential directions (clockwise and counterclockwise) of the base body 11
  • the second arc electrodes 142 extend from the second strip electrodes 141 along the same distance.
  • the base body 11 extends equidistantly in two opposite circumferential directions.
  • the length in the circumferential direction of the first arc electrode 132 and the length in the circumferential direction of the second arc electrode 142 are both 20% to 30% of the length in the circumferential direction of the base body 11 , preferably 25%.
  • the first electrode 13 further includes a first ring electrode 133 electrically connected to the first strip electrode 131, and the first ring electrode 133 is disposed between the second end B and the lower end of the base body 11;
  • the second electrode 14 further includes a second ring electrode 143 electrically connected to the second strip electrode 141 , and the second ring electrode 143 is disposed between the first end A and the upper end of the base body 11 .
  • the first ring electrode 133 and the second ring electrode 143 are not in contact with the infrared electrothermal coating 12 , that is, the first ring electrode 133 is separated from the second end B, and the second ring electrode 143 is separated from the first end A.
  • the distance between the first strip electrode 131 and the second strip electrode 141 is d1
  • the distance from the axial direction is d1.
  • the equivalent resistances of the infrared electrothermal coatings 12 are all approximately the same. Since the heat dissipation at both ends of the base body 11 is faster than that of the middle part, the temperature at both ends of the base body 11 is very different from the temperature at the middle part, resulting in uneven local heating and longer preheating time.
  • the corresponding first The distance between the arc electrode 132 and the second strip electrode 141 is reduced from the original d1 to d2, so that the equivalent resistance of this part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 will also be reduced.
  • the distance between the corresponding second arc electrode 142 and the first strip electrode 131 is also reduced from the original d1 to a portion of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 immediately adjacent to the second end B (for example, the blank part in the figure).
  • the equivalent resistance of the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 next to the first end A and the equivalent resistance of the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 next to the second end B are both smaller than the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 (the net in the figure). (the distance between the electrodes is still d1).
  • the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 adjacent to the first end A and the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 adjacent to the second end B will generate a larger current density and more heat, so as to achieve the temperature of the two ends of the substrate 11. compensation, thereby improving the uniformity of the temperature field of the substrate 11 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the temperature field of the heater 10 . It can be seen from this figure that, compared with FIG. 2 , the area of the high temperature region of the base body 11 becomes larger, and the uniformity of the temperature field of the base body 11 is significantly improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the Joule heat distribution of the heater 10 . It can be seen from this figure that the first end A and the second end B of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 have higher Joule heat density, which can effectively compensate for the temperature loss at both ends of the substrate 11 .
  • first arc-shaped electrode 132 and the second arc-shaped electrode 142 is not limited to the situation shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • the number of the first arc electrodes 132 and the second arc electrodes 142 may be multiple, the positions of the first arc electrodes 132 and the second arc electrodes 142 may also be located at the same end, and the first arc electrodes 132 and the second arc electrodes 132 may be located at the same end.
  • the arc electrodes 142 may also be formed to extend along only one circumferential direction of the base body 11 .
  • the equivalent resistance of only one end of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 can be set to be smaller than the equivalent resistance of the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 (at this time, the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 includes the other end. part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12).
  • the first arc electrode 132 in order to shorten the waiting time for smoke, can be set so that the equivalent resistance of the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 adjacent to the first end A is smaller than that of the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 (at this time, The middle portion of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 includes the equivalent resistance of the second end B portion of the infrared electrothermal coating 12).
  • Fig. 8-Fig. 10 is a kind of heater provided by Embodiment 2 of the present application, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is:
  • the circumferential length of the second strip electrode 141 is gradually reduced, thereby making the distance d5 between the second strip electrode 141 and the first strip electrode 131 Gradually increase, the equivalent resistance of this part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 also increases gradually, but is smaller than the equivalent resistance of the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 (shown in the mesh part in the figure);
  • the circumferential length of the first strip electrode 131 is gradually reduced, thereby making the distance d4 between the first strip electrode 131 and the second strip electrode 141
  • the equivalent resistance of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 in this part also increases gradually, but is smaller than the equivalent resistance of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 in the middle part.
  • the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 adjacent to the first end A and the part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 adjacent to the second end B will generate a larger current density and more heat, so as to achieve the temperature of the two ends of the substrate 11. compensation, thereby improving the uniformity of the temperature field of the substrate 11 .
  • the uniformity of the temperature field of the substrate 11 is improved more obviously.
  • the first electrode 13 can be provided with a plurality of first arc electrodes 132 , and each first arc electrode 132 extends from the first strip electrode 131 along two opposite circumferential directions of the base body 11 . (clockwise and counterclockwise) extend at equal distances, and along the direction from the first end A to the middle portion of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 , the circumferential lengths of the plurality of first arc electrodes 132 gradually decrease, so that the first arc electrodes 132 are gradually reduced.
  • the distance between the strip electrodes 131 and the second strip electrodes 141 gradually increases, and the equivalent resistance of this part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 also gradually increases, but is smaller than the equivalent resistance of the middle part of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 .
  • the second electrode 14 can also be provided with a plurality of second arc electrodes 142 .
  • Embodiment 13 is a schematic diagram of a part of the outer surface of a heater provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application after unfolding, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that:
  • the first electrode 13 is not provided with the first arc electrode 132, and the second electrode 14 is not provided with the second arc electrode 142; the infrared electrothermal coating 12 can be divided into the first infrared electrothermal coating 121, the second Two infrared electrothermal coatings 122 and a third infrared electrothermal coating 123 .
  • the resistivity of the first infrared electrothermal coating 121 and the third infrared electrothermal coating 123 are both smaller than the resistivity of the second infrared electrothermal coating 122, so that the equivalent The resistances are all smaller than the equivalent resistance of the second infrared electrothermal coating 122, so that after conducting electricity, the first infrared electrothermal coating 121 adjacent to the first end A and the third infrared electrothermal coating 123 adjacent to the second end B will A larger current density and more heat are generated, and the temperature compensation for both ends of the base body 11 is realized, thereby improving the uniformity of the temperature field of the base body 11 .
  • the film thicknesses of the first infrared electrothermal coating 121 and the third infrared electrothermal coating 123 are both greater than the film thicknesses of the second infrared electrothermal coating 122, so that the first infrared electrothermal coating 121 and the third infrared electrothermal coating are
  • the equivalent resistance of 123 is smaller than the equivalent resistance of the second infrared electrothermal coating 122, so that after conducting electricity, the first infrared electrothermal coating 121 adjacent to the first end A and the third infrared electrothermal coating adjacent to the second end B are formed.
  • the layer 123 will generate higher current density and more heat, realize temperature compensation on both ends of the base body 11 , and further improve the uniformity of the temperature field of the base body 11 .
  • a smoking article 100 which includes a housing assembly 6 and the above-mentioned heater 10 , and the heater 10 is provided in the housing assembly 6 .
  • an infrared electrothermal coating 12 and a first electrode 13 and a second electrode 14 electrically connected to the infrared electrothermal coating 12 are provided on the outer surface of the base 11 , and the infrared electrothermal coating 12 can emit infrared rays to the base 11 .
  • the aerosol-forming substrate within the chamber undergoes radiative heating.
  • the housing assembly 6 includes an outer shell 61, a fixed shell 62, a base and a bottom cover 64.
  • the fixed shell 62 and the base are both fixed in the outer shell 61, wherein the base is used to fix the base body 11, and the base is arranged in the fixed shell 62,
  • the bottom cover 64 is disposed on one end of the casing 61 and covers the casing 61 .
  • the base includes a base 15 sleeved on the lower end of the base body 11 and a base 13 sleeved on the upper end of the base body 11 .
  • the cover 64 is protruded with an air intake pipe 641, and the end of the base 13 away from the base 15 is connected with the air intake pipe 641.
  • the base 13 can also be sealed by a seal
  • the base 13 and the air intake pipe 641 can also be sealed by a seal, and the air intake pipe 641 is communicated with the outside air so that the user can take in air smoothly.
  • the smoking article 100 also includes a main control circuit board 3 and a battery 7 .
  • the fixed shell 62 includes a front shell 621 and a rear shell 622, the front shell 621 and the rear shell 622 are fixedly connected, the main control circuit board 3 and the battery 7 are both arranged in the fixed shell 62, the battery 7 is electrically connected with the main control circuit board 3, and the button is pressed. 4 is protruded on the casing 61, and by pressing the button 4, the power-on or power-off of the infrared electrothermal coating 12 on the surface of the base body 11 can be realized.
  • the main control circuit board 3 is also connected with a charging interface 301 , which is exposed on the bottom cover 64 , and the user can charge or upgrade the smoking article 100 through the charging interface 301 to ensure the continuous use of the smoking article 100 .
  • the smoking device 100 further includes an insulating pipe 17, which is arranged in the fixed shell 62, and the insulating pipe 17 is arranged on the periphery of the base body 11.
  • the insulating pipe 17 can prevent a large amount of heat from being transferred to the outer casing 61 and causing the user to feel hot.
  • the heat insulating pipe includes heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material can be heat insulating glue, aerogel, aerogel felt, asbestos, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, diatomaceous earth, zirconia and the like.
  • the thermal insulation tube may also be a vacuum thermal insulation tube.
  • An infrared reflective coating can also be formed in the heat insulation pipe 17 to reflect the infrared rays emitted by the infrared electrothermal coating 12 on the substrate 11 back to the infrared electrothermal coating 12 to improve the heating efficiency.
  • the smoking device 100 also includes a temperature sensor 2, such as an NTC temperature sensor, for detecting the real-time temperature of the substrate 11, and transmitting the detected real-time temperature to the main control circuit board 3, and the main control circuit board 3 adjusts the flow of infrared electric heat according to the real-time temperature.
  • a temperature sensor 2 such as an NTC temperature sensor
  • the main control circuit board 3 controls the battery 7 to output a higher voltage to the electrodes, and further The current fed into the infrared electrothermal coating 12 is increased, the heating power of the aerosol-forming substrate is increased, and the waiting time for the user to take the first puff is reduced.
  • the main control circuit board 3 controls the battery 7 to output a normal voltage to the electrodes.
  • the main control circuit board 3 controls the battery 7 to output a lower voltage to the electrodes; when the NTC temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the base body 11 is 250°C and above , the main control circuit board 3 controls the battery 7 to stop outputting voltage to the electrodes.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

一种加热器（10）以及含有该加热器（10）的烟具（100），该加热器（10）包括基体（11）、导电模块以及红外电热涂层（12），导电模块包括间隔设置于基体（11）上的第一电极（13）和第二电极（14）；第一电极（13）包括从第一端（A）轴向延伸至第二端（B）的第一条形电极（131），第二电极（14）包括从第一端（A）轴向延伸至第二端（B）的第二条形电极（141），红外电热涂层（12）的至少一部分位于第一条形电极（131）与第二条形电极（141）之间；紧邻第一端（A）的部分红外电热涂层（12）的等效电阻小于中间部分红外电热涂层（12）的等效电阻；紧邻第二端（B）的部分红外电热涂层（12）的等效电阻小于中间部分红外电热涂层（12）的等效电阻。通过红外电热涂层（12）两端的较小等效电阻，在两端产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体（11）两端的温度补偿，提高基体（11）温度场的均匀性。

Description

加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求于2020年08月03日提交中国专利局，申请号为202010766152.8，名称为“加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及烟具技术领域，尤其涉及一种加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具。
背景技术
诸如香烟和雪茄的吸烟物品在使用期间燃烧烟草以产生烟雾。已经尝试通过产生在不燃烧的情况下释放化合物的产品来为这些燃烧烟草的物品提供替代物。此类产品的示例是所谓的加热不燃烧产品，其通过加热烟草而不是燃烧烟草来释放化合物。
如图1所示，专利CN109846093A公开了一种低温烘烤烟具，为了缩短电流在远红外涂层32中的流动距离，减小电流路径中的远红外涂层32的电阻，在第一圆环部3511的基础上增加第一长条部3512，第一长条部3512自第一圆环部3511沿加热基体31的纵长方向朝加热基体31的第二端b延伸而成(第二导电模块352与此类似)，进而使得电流沿加热基体31的圆周方向流动。
如图2所示，该低温烘烤烟具存在的问题是，加热基体31两端的温度与中间部位的温度的差值达到100℃左右，容易导致局部加热不均匀、预热时间较长的问题。
申请内容
本申请提供一种加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具，以解决现有烟具存在的加热基体的温度梯度大的问题。
本申请一方面提供一种加热器，包括：
基体，具有一表面；
红外电热涂层，具有相对的第一端和第二端；所述红外电热涂层形成在所述基体的表面上并从所述第一端轴向延伸至所述第二端；
导电模块，包括间隔设置于所述基体上的第一电极和第二电极；所述第一电极包括从所述第一端轴向延伸至所述第二端的第一条形电极，所述第二电极包括从所述第一端轴向延伸至所述第二端的第二条形电极，所述红外电热涂层的至少一部分位于所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间；
其中，紧邻所述第一端的部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻小于中间部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻；和/或，紧邻所述第二端的部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻小于中间部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻。
本申请另一方面提供还提供一种烟具，所述烟具包括壳体组件以及所述的加热器；所述加热器设于所述壳体组件内。
本申请提供的加热器以及含有该加热器的烟具，通过红外电热涂层两端的较小等效电阻，在两端产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体两端的温度补偿，提高基体温度场的均匀性。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限定。
图1是现有的加热器示意图；
图2是现有的加热器中加热基体的温度场示意图；
图3是本申请实施方式一提供的加热器示意图；
图4是本申请实施方式一提供的加热器的另一视角的示意图；
图5是本申请实施方式一提供的加热器的部分外表面展开后的示意图；
图6是本申请实施方式一提供的加热器的温度场示意图；
图7是本申请实施方式一提供的加热器的焦耳热分布示意图；
图8是本申请实施方式二提供的加热器示意图；
图9是本申请实施方式二提供的加热器的另一视角的示意图；
图10是本申请实施方式二提供的加热器的的部分外表面展开后的示意图；
图11是本申请实施方式二提供的另一加热器示意图；
图12是本申请实施方式二提供的另一加热器的另一视角的示意图；
图13是本申请实施方式三提供的加热器的部分外表面展开后的示意图；
图14是本申请实施方式四提供的烟具示意图；
图15是本申请实施方式四提供的烟具的分解示意图。
具体实施例方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本申请进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本说明书中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是用于限制本申请。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
实施方式一
如图3-图4所示，本申请实施方式一提供一种加热器，用于加热烟具中的气溶胶形成基质以生成供吸食的气溶胶；加热器10包括：
基体11，内部形成有适于收容气溶胶形成基质的腔室。
具体地，基体11内部中空形成有适于收容气溶胶形成基质的腔室。基体11可以为圆柱体状、棱柱体状或者其他柱体状。基体11优选为圆柱体状，腔室即为贯穿基体11中部的圆柱体状孔，孔的内径略大于气溶胶形成制品的外径，便于将气溶胶形成制品置于腔室内对其进行加热。
基体11可以由石英玻璃、陶瓷或云母等耐高温且透明的材料制成，也可以由其它具有较高的红外线透过率的材料制成，例如：红外线透过率在95％以上的耐高温材料，具体地在此不作限定。
气溶胶形成基质是一种能够释放可形成气溶胶的挥发性化合物的 基质。这种挥发性化合物可通过加热该气溶胶形成基质而被释放出来。气溶胶形成基质可以是固体或液体或包括固体和液体组分。气溶胶形成基质可吸附、涂覆、浸渍或以其它方式装载到载体或支承件上。气溶胶形成基质可便利地是气溶胶生成制品的一部分。
气溶胶形成基质可以包括尼古丁。气溶胶形成基质可以包括烟草，例如可以包括含有挥发性烟草香味化合物的含烟草材料，当加热时所述挥发性烟草香味化合物从气溶胶形成基质释放。优选的气溶胶形成基质可以包括均质烟草材料，例如落叶烟草。气溶胶形成基质可以包括至少一种气溶胶形成剂，气溶胶形成剂可为任何合适的已知化合物或化合物的混合物，在使用中，所述化合物或化合物的混合物有利于致密和稳定气溶胶的形成，并且对在气溶胶生成系统的操作温度下的热降解基本具有抗性。合适的气溶胶形成剂是本领域众所周知的，并且包括但不限于：多元醇，例如三甘醇，1,3-丁二醇和甘油；多元醇的酯，例如甘油单、二或三乙酸酯；和一元、二元或多元羧酸的脂肪酸酯，例如二甲基十二烷二酸酯和二甲基十四烷二酸酯。优选的气溶胶形成剂是多羟基醇或其混合物，例如三甘醇、1,3-丁二醇和最优选的丙三醇。
红外电热涂层12具有相对的第一端A和第二端B，红外电热涂层12形成在基体11的表面上并从第一端A轴向延伸至第二端B。红外电热涂层12可以形成在基体11的外表面上，也可以形成在基体11的内表面上。
在本示例中，红外电热涂层12形成在基体11的外表面上。红外电热涂层12接受电功率产生热量，进而生成一定波长的红外线，例如：8μm～15μm的远红外线。当红外线的波长与气溶胶形成基质的吸收波长匹配时，红外线的能量易于被气溶胶形成基质吸收。对红外线的波长不作限定，可以为0.75μm～1000μm的红外线，优选的为1.5μm～400μm的远红外线。
红外电热涂层12优选的由远红外电热油墨、陶瓷粉末和无机粘合剂充分搅拌均匀后涂覆在基体11的外表面上，然后烘干固化一定的时间，红外电热涂层12的厚度为30μm-50μm；当然，红外电热涂层12还可以由四氯化锡、氧化锡、三氯化锑、四氯化钛以及无水硫酸铜按一定比例混合搅拌后涂覆到基体11的外表面上；或者为碳化硅陶瓷层、碳纤维复合层、锆钛系氧化物陶瓷层、锆钛系氮化物陶瓷层、锆钛系硼化物陶瓷层、锆钛系碳化物陶瓷层、铁系氧化物陶瓷层、铁系氮化物陶瓷层、铁系硼化物陶瓷层、铁系碳化物陶瓷层、稀土系氧化物陶瓷层、稀土系氮化物陶瓷层、稀土系硼化物陶瓷层、稀土系碳化物陶瓷层、镍 钴系氧化物陶瓷层、镍钴系氮化物陶瓷层、镍钴系硼化物陶瓷层、镍钴系碳化物陶瓷层或高硅分子筛陶瓷层中的一种；红外电热涂层12还可以是现有的其他材料涂层。
导电模块13被配置为将电功率馈送至红外电热涂层12。
具体地，导电模块13包括间隔设置于基体11上的第一电极13和第二电极14；第一电极13和第二电极14沿基体11的中心轴对称设置；第一电极13和第二电极14的极性相反，例如：第一电极13为正极、第二电极14为负极；或者，第一电极13为负极、第二电极14为正极。第一电极13和第二电极14为导电涂层，导电涂层可以为金属涂层或导电胶带等，金属涂层可以包括银、金、钯、铂、铜、镍、钼、钨、铌或上述金属合金材料。
在本示例中，第一电极13包括从第一端A轴向延伸至第二端B的第一条形电极131，第二电极14包括从第一端A轴向延伸至第二端B的第二条形电极141；红外电热涂层12的至少一部分位于第一条形电极131与第二条形电极141之间，以使得第一条形电极131上的电流沿基体11的周向方向经过红外电热涂层12流至第二条形电极141。
在本示例中，第一电极13还包括自第一条形电极131沿基体11周向方向延伸的至少一个第一弧形电极132，第二电极14还包括自第二条形电极141沿基体11周向方向延伸的至少一个第二弧形电极142。
具体地，第一弧形电极132紧邻第一端A，第二弧形电极142紧邻第二端B。第一弧形电极132自第一条形电极131沿基体11两个相反的周向方向(顺时针方向和逆时针方向)等距离延伸，第二弧形电极142自第二条形电极141沿基体11两个相反的周向方向等距离延伸。第一弧形电极132的周向方向长度和第二弧形电极142的周向方向长度均为基体11的周向方向长度的20％～30％，优选的为25％。
在本示例中，第一电极13还包括与第一条形电极131电连接的第一环形电极133，第一环形电极133设置在第二端B与基体11的下端部之间；第二电极14还包括与第二条形电极141电连接的第二环形电极143，第二环形电极143设置在第一端A与基体11的上端部之间。第一环形电极133和第二环形电极143均与红外电热涂层12不接触，即第一环形电极133与第二端B分隔开，第二环形电极143与第一端A分隔开。
请结合图5进行理解，在未设置第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142时，第一条形电极131和第二条形电极141之间的距离均为d1，从轴向方向上来看，红外电热涂层12的等效电阻均大致相同。由于基体 11两端的散热要快于中间部位，因此基体11两端的温度与中间部位的温度相差很大，导致局部加热不均匀、预热时间较长。
如图5所示，在设置第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142之后，紧邻第一端A的部分红外电热涂层12(例如图中空白部分所示)，其对应的第一弧形电极132与第二条形电极141之间的距离由原来的d1减小为d2，以使得该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻也将减小。紧邻第二端B的部分红外电热涂层12(例如图中空白部分所示)，其对应的第二弧形电极142与第一条形电极131之间的距离也由原来的d1减小为d3，以使得该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻同样减小。因此，紧邻第一端A的部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻和紧邻第二端B的部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻，均小于中间部分红外电热涂层12(图中的网状部分)的等效电阻(其电极间的距离仍为d1)。在导电之后，紧邻第一端A的部分红外电热涂层12和紧邻第二端B的部分红外电热涂层12，将产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体11两端的温度补偿，进而提高基体11温度场的均匀性。
图6是加热器10的温度场示意图。从该图可以看出，与图2相比，基体11的高温区面积变得更大，基体11温度场的均匀性改善非常明显。图7为加热器10的焦耳热分布示意图。从该图可以看出，红外电热涂层12的第一端A和第二端B具有更高的焦耳热密度，可有效补偿基体11两端的温度损失。
需要说明的是，第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142的设置并不限于图3、图4的情形。第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142的数量可以为多个，第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142的位置也可以位于同一端，第一弧形电极132和第二弧形电极142也可以只沿基体11的一个周向方向延伸形成。
还需要说明的是，可以根据需要，只设置一端的部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻小于中间部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻(此时，中间部分红外电热涂层12包括另一端的部分红外电热涂层12)。例如：为了缩短出烟的等待时长，可通过设置的第一弧形电极132，使得紧邻第一端A的部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻小于中间部分红外电热涂层12(此时，中间部分红外电热涂层12包括第二端B的部分红外电热涂层12)的等效电阻。
实施方式二
图8-图10是本申请实施方式二提供的一种加热器，与实施方式一 不同的是：
沿第一端A至中间部分红外电热涂层12的方向，第二条形电极141的周向长度逐步减小，进而使得第二条形电极141与第一条形电极131之间的距离d5逐步增大，该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻同样逐步增大，但均小于中间部分红外电热涂层12(图中的网状部分所示)的等效电阻；
沿第二端B至中间部分红外电热涂层12的方向，第一条形电极131的周向长度逐步减小，进而使得第一条形电极131与第二条形电极141之间的距离d4逐步增大，该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻同样逐步增大，但均小于中间部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻。
在导电之后，紧邻第一端A的部分红外电热涂层12和紧邻第二端B的部分红外电热涂层12，将产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体11两端的温度补偿，进而提高基体11温度场的均匀性。由于沿第一端A至中间部分红外电热涂层12的方向(或者沿第二端B至中间部分红外电热涂层12的方向)，该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻是逐步增大，因此该部分红外电热涂层12的焦耳热密度也是逐步分布的。相对实施方式一来说，基体11温度场的均匀性改善更加明显。
需要说明的是，实施方式二并不限于图8-图10所示的情形。如图11-图12所示，第一电极13可设置多个第一弧形电极132，每一个第一弧形电极132均自第一条形电极131沿基体11两个相反的周向方向(顺时针方向和逆时针方向)等距离延伸，且沿第一端A至中间部分红外电热涂层12的方向，多个第一弧形电极132的周向长度逐步减小，进而使得第一条形电极131与第二条形电极141之间的距离逐步增大，该部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻同样逐步增大，但均小于中间部分红外电热涂层12的等效电阻。与此类似的，第二电极14同样可设置多个第二弧形电极142。
实施方式三
图13是本申请实施方式三提供的一种加热器的部分外表面展开后的示意图，与实施方式一不同的是：
第一电极13没有设置第一弧形电极132，第二电极14没有设置第二弧形电极142；红外电热涂层12沿基体11的轴向方向可分为第一红外电热涂层121、第二红外电热涂层122以及第三红外电热涂层123。
第一红外电热涂层121和第三红外电热涂层123的电阻率均小于第二红外电热涂层122的电阻率，使得第一红外电热涂层121和第三红外 电热涂层123的等效电阻均小于第二红外电热涂层122的等效电阻，进而使得在导电之后，紧邻第一端A的第一红外电热涂层121和紧邻第二端B的第三红外电热涂层123，将产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体11两端的温度补偿，进而提高基体11温度场的均匀性。
或者，第一红外电热涂层121和第三红外电热涂层123的膜厚厚度均大于第二红外电热涂层122的膜厚厚度，使得第一红外电热涂层121和第三红外电热涂层123的等效电阻均小于第二红外电热涂层122的等效电阻，进而使得在导电之后，紧邻第一端A的第一红外电热涂层121和紧邻第二端B的第三红外电热涂层123，将产生更大的电流密度、更多的热量，实现对基体11两端的温度补偿，进而提高基体11温度场的均匀性。
实施方式四
图14-图15是本申请实施方式四提供的一种烟具100，包括壳体组件6和上述的加热器10，加热器10设于壳体组件6内。本实施例的烟具100，在基体11的外表面设置红外电热涂层12以及与红外电热涂层12电连接的第一电极13和第二电极14，红外电热涂层12可发出红外线对基体11的腔室内的气溶胶形成基质进行辐射加热。
壳体组件6包括外壳61、固定壳62、基座以及底盖64，固定壳62、基座均固定于外壳61内，其中基座用于固定基体11，基座设置于固定壳62内，底盖64设于外壳61一端且盖设外壳61。具体的，基座包括套接在基体11的下端部上的基座15和套接在基体11的上端部上的基座13，基座15和基座13均设于固定壳62内，底盖64上凸设有进气管641，基座13背离基座15的一端与进气管641连接，基座15、基体11、基座13以及进气管641同轴设置，且基体11与基座15、基座13之间还可通过密封件密封，基座13与进气管641也可通过密封件密封，进气管641与外界空气连通以便于用户抽吸时可以顺畅进气。
烟具100还包括主控制电路板3和电池7。固定壳62包括前壳621与后壳622，前壳621与后壳622固定连接，主控制电路板3和电池7均设置在固定壳62内，电池7与主控制电路板3电连接，按键4凸设在外壳61上，通过按压按键4，可以实现对基体11表面上的红外电热涂层12的通电或断电。主控制电路板3还连接有一充电接口301，充电接口301裸露于底盖64上，用户可以通过充电接口301对烟具100进行充电或升级，以保证烟具100的持续使用。
烟具100还包括隔热管17，隔热管17设置在固定壳62内，隔热管 17设置在基体11的外围，隔热管17可以避免大量的热量传递到外壳61上而导致用户觉得烫手。隔热管包括隔热材料，隔热材料可以为隔热胶、气凝胶、气凝胶毡、石棉、硅酸铝、硅酸钙、硅藻土、氧化锆等。所述隔热管也可以为真空隔热管。隔热管17内还可形成有红外线反射涂层，以将基体11上的红外电热涂层12发出的红外线反射回红外电热涂层12，提高加热效率。
烟具100还包括温度传感器2，例如NTC温度传感器，用于检测基体11的实时温度，并将检测的实时温度传输到主控制电路板3，主控制电路板3根据该实时温度调节流经红外电热涂层12上的电流的大小。具体的，当NTC温度传感器检测到基体11内的实时温度较低时，譬如检测到基体11内侧的温度不到150℃时，主控制电路板3控制电池7输出较高的电压给电极，进而提高红外电热涂层12中馈入的电流，提高气溶胶形成基质的加热功率，减少用户抽吸第一口所要等待的时间。当NTC温度传感器检测到基体11的温度为150℃-200℃时，主控制电路板3控制电池7输出正常的电压给电极。当NTC温度传感器检测到基体11的温度在200℃-250℃时，主控制电路板3控制电池7输出较低的电压给电极；当NTC温度传感器检测到基体11内侧的温度在250℃及以上时，主控制电路板3控制电池7停止输出电压给电极。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书及其附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但是，本申请可以通过许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，这些实施例不作为对本申请内容的额外限制，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且，上述各技术特征继续相互组合，形成未在上面列举的各种实施例，均视为本申请说明书记载的范围；进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种加热器，其特征在于，包括：
    基体，具有一表面；
    红外电热涂层，具有相对的第一端和第二端；所述红外电热涂层形成在所述基体的表面上并从所述第一端轴向延伸至所述第二端；
    导电模块，包括间隔设置于所述基体上的第一电极和第二电极；所述第一电极包括从所述第一端延伸至所述第二端的第一条形电极，所述第二电极包括从所述第一端延伸至所述第二端的第二条形电极，所述红外电热涂层的至少一部分位于所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间；
    其中，紧邻所述第一端的部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻小于中间部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻；和/或，紧邻所述第二端的部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻小于中间部分所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的加热器，其特征在于，紧邻所述第一端的部分所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离，小于中间部分所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离；
    紧邻所述第二端的部分所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离，小于中间部分所述第一条形电极与所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一电极还包括自所述第一条形电极沿所述基体周向方向延伸的至少一个第一弧形电极；
    所述第二电极还包括自所述第二条形电极沿所述基体周向方向延伸的至少一个第二弧形电极；
    所述第一弧形电极和所述第二弧形电极均紧邻所述第一端或者所述第二端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一弧形电极紧邻所述第一端，所述第二弧形电极紧邻所述第二端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一弧形电极自所述第一条形电极沿所述基体两个相反的周向方向等距离延伸，所述第二弧形电极自所述第二条形电极沿所述基体两个相反的周向方向等距离延伸。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一弧形电极的周向方向长度和所述第二弧形电极的周向方向长度均为所述基体的周向方向长度的20％～30％，优选的为25％。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的加热器，其特征在于，沿所述第一端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻逐步增大；
    沿所述第二端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述红外电热涂层的等效电阻逐步增大。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的加热器，其特征在于，沿所述第一端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述第一条形电极和所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离逐步增大；
    沿所述第二端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述第一条形电极和所述第二条形电极之间的周向距离逐步增大。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的加热器，其特征在于，沿所述第一端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述第二条形电极的周向长度逐步减小；
    沿所述第二端至中间部分所述红外电热涂层的方向，所述第一条形电极的周向长度逐步减小。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一电极还包括与所述第一条形电极电连接的第一环形电极，所述第一环形电极设置在所述第二端与所述基体的一端部之间；
    所述第二电极还包括与所述第二条形电极电连接的第二环形电极，所述第二环形电极设置在所述第一端与所述基体的另一端部之间。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的加热器，其特征在于，所述第一环形电极和所述第二环形电极均与所述红外电热涂层不接触。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的加热器，其特征在于，紧邻所述第一端的部分所述红外电热涂层和紧邻所述第二端的部分所述红外电热涂层的电阻率均小于中间部分红外电热涂层的电阻率；或者，
    紧邻所述第一端的部分所述红外电热涂层和紧邻所述第二端的部分所述红外电热涂层的膜厚厚度均大于中间部分红外电热涂层的膜厚厚度。
  13. 一种烟具，其特征在于，包括壳体组件以及权利要求1-12任一所述的加热器，所述加热器设置于所述壳体组件内。
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