WO2022024318A1 - 導波管カプラ - Google Patents

導波管カプラ Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022024318A1
WO2022024318A1 PCT/JP2020/029314 JP2020029314W WO2022024318A1 WO 2022024318 A1 WO2022024318 A1 WO 2022024318A1 JP 2020029314 W JP2020029314 W JP 2020029314W WO 2022024318 A1 WO2022024318 A1 WO 2022024318A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waveguide
main
waveguides
degrees
coupler according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/029314
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀憲 湯川
毅 大島
裕之 青山
徹 高橋
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP2022533343A priority Critical patent/JP7128570B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2020/029314 priority patent/WO2022024318A1/ja
Publication of WO2022024318A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022024318A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
    • H01P5/22—Hybrid ring junctions

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a waveguide coupler.
  • rat race coupler a rat race ring type waveguide coupler (hereinafter referred to as "rat race coupler”) is known as a waveguide coupler capable of distributing a 180-degree phase difference.
  • the rat race coupler is composed of an annular main line portion and four input / output lines.
  • the annular main line portion is configured by connecting three ⁇ n ⁇ / 4 ⁇ length main lines and one ⁇ n ⁇ / 4 + ⁇ / 2 ⁇ length main line in an annular shape. (Here, ⁇ is the wavelength of the center frequency f0 used, and n is an odd number).
  • the four input / output lines are connected to each of the four connection portions of the main line.
  • the four input / output lines are provided with four ports (P1, P2, P3, and P4) at the ends opposite to the side connected to the main line side (for example, non-patented). 12 and 15 of Document 1.
  • the high frequency When a high frequency with a wavelength of ⁇ is input to one of the ports of the rat race coupler, the high frequency is equally distributed and output from two of the remaining three ports. Depending on how the input port is selected, the distributed high frequencies may be in-phase or 180-degree phase difference.
  • the length of the three main lines is an odd multiple of ⁇ / 4, and the length of one main line is exactly ⁇ / 2 (the length of the three main lines). It is longer by half the wavelength of the center frequency f0 used). Since the length of the main line is determined based on the wavelength ⁇ of the used center frequency f0 in this way, when the input high frequency is the used center frequency f0, the high frequency reverses the circular main line portion clockwise. It is transmitted in a clockwise direction, and cancels or overlaps well at the output port. As a result, the high frequency of the used center frequency f0 can be distributed in phase or 180 degree phase difference.
  • the conventional rat race coupler has a problem that the distribution amplitude and the distribution phase are determined depending on the relationship between the length of the main line and the wavelength of the input high frequency.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a waveguide coupler having a phase correction mechanism that does not depend on an input high frequency wavelength in order to solve this problem.
  • the waveguide coupler of the present disclosure has a twist angle of 0 degrees as a whole, and the passing phase at the center frequency used is an odd multiple of 90 degrees.
  • the fourth main waveguide section whose overall twist angle is plus or minus 180 degrees and whose passing phase is 180 degrees inverted from the passing phase of the first to third main waveguide sections, is annular.
  • the first to fourth input / output waveguides connected to the respective connection portions of the first to fourth main waveguides connected to the above are provided.
  • the fourth main waveguide section has a passing phase difference of 180 degrees from the first to third main waveguide sections.
  • the same effect as increasing the length of one line by ⁇ / 2 over the other main lines can be obtained.
  • a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment A plan view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment.
  • Perspective view of the twisted waveguide according to the first embodiment Sectional drawing of the part indicated by arrow AA of FIG.
  • Perspective view of the fourth phase correction unit 20 Perspective view of the calculation model of the conventional rat race coupler Top view of the computational model of a conventional rat race coupler Computational model for verifying the pass phase difference between the two main waveguides that form a conventional rat race coupler Simulation results of the pass phase difference between two types of main waveguides in a conventional rat race coupler Simulation results of pass and bond amplitude characteristics of conventional rat race couplers Simulation result of distribution amplitude difference of conventional rat race coupler Simulation result of distribution phase difference of conventional rat race coupler Part 1 Simulation result of distribution phase difference of conventional rat race coupler Part 2 Calculation model of waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment A computational model for verifying the pass phase difference between the two types of main waveguides that form the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment.
  • Simulation result of passing phase difference between two types of main waveguides of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment Simulation result of amplitude characteristics of passing and coupling of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment
  • Simulation result of distribution amplitude difference of waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment Simulation result 1 of the distribution phase difference of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment
  • Simulation result 2 of the distribution phase difference of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment An example in which the phase correction portions of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment are arranged in a nested manner.
  • a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the second embodiment A plan view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 24 Perspective view of the twisted waveguide constituting the waveguide coupler according to the second embodiment.
  • Perspective view of the twisted waveguide according to the third embodiment Cross-sectional view of the portion indicated by the arrow BB in FIG. 24.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a configuration of a waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the waveguide shown in the figure represents the shape of the hollow portion of the waveguide.
  • the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment is composed of an annular main waveguide portion and four input / output waveguides.
  • the first main waveguide section 9, the second main waveguide section 10, the third main waveguide section 11, and the fourth main waveguide section 12 are connected in a ring shape. It is configured.
  • the connection points of the main waveguide are the first connection 13, the second connection 14, the third connection 15, and the fourth connection 16, each of which is the first input / output waveguide. 1.
  • the second input / output waveguide 2, the third input / output waveguide 3, and the fourth input / output waveguide 4 are radially connected.
  • the four input / output waveguides have a first input / output terminal 5, a second input / output terminal 6, and a third input / output terminal at the ends opposite to the side connected to the main waveguide side, respectively.
  • a terminal 7 and a fourth input / output terminal 8 are provided.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first to fourth main waveguide sections 9, 10, 11, and 12 have a first phase correction section 17, a second phase correction section 18, a third phase correction section 19, and a fourth phase correction, respectively. It has a unit 20.
  • the first phase correction unit 17 is configured by connecting twisted waveguides 21 and 22 in series.
  • the second phase correction unit 18, the third phase correction unit 19, and the fourth phase correction unit 20 include twisted waveguides 23 and 24, twisted waveguides 25 and 26, and twisted waveguides. 27 and 28 are connected in series, respectively.
  • FIG. 3A is a perspective view of the appearance of the twisted waveguides 21 to 28 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3B shows the hollow portion of the twisted waveguides 21 to 28 shown in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion indicated by arrows AA in FIG.
  • the twisted waveguides 21 to 28 are configured by connecting two twisted input / output waveguides 29 and 30 via a waveguide conversion unit 31.
  • the waveguide conversion unit 31 is formed by cutting out two corners of a square waveguide.
  • the square waveguide having two corners cut out may have the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4B.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the first to third phase correction units 17, 18, and 19.
  • the first phase correction unit 17 has two twisted waveguides 21 and 22 connected in series with a twist angle of plus or minus 90 degrees, and the total twist angle is 0 degrees.
  • the second phase correction unit 18 and the third phase correction unit 19 are also configured in the same manner as the first phase correction unit 17, and the overall twist angle is 0 degrees.
  • the first to third main waveguide sections 9, 10 and 11 have first to third phase correction sections 17, 18 and 19, respectively. Further, the first to third main waveguide portions 9, 10 and 11 all have a length having a passing phase of 90 degrees at the used center frequency f0.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the fourth phase correction unit 20.
  • the fourth phase correction unit 20 has two twisted waveguides 27, 28 connected in series with a twist angle of plus or minus 90 degrees, and the total twist angle is plus or minus 180 degrees. Further, the fourth main waveguide section 12 having the fourth phase correction section 20 has the same length as the first to third main waveguide sections 9, 10 and 11.
  • a twisted waveguide having a twist angle of plus or minus 90 degrees is configured by mechanically twisting the waveguide, or as shown in FIG. 3, the directions of the twisted input / output waveguides 29 and 30 are orthogonal to each other. It is conceivable to connect and configure in this way.
  • the length and notch size of the waveguide conversion unit 31 are design parameters that contribute to the reflection characteristics.
  • the arrows shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 indicate the direction of the electric field. In the first to third phase correction units 17, 18 and 19 shown in FIG. 5, the directions of the electric fields at both ends are the same. On the other hand, in the fourth phase correction unit 20 shown in FIG. 6, the directions of the electric fields at both ends are opposite.
  • phase correction units shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 have the same physical length for propagating high frequencies. Since the propagation distances are the same in this way, the passing phases produced by this distance are the same. That is, a phase difference of 180 degrees (minus 180 degrees) occurs between the phase correction unit shown in FIG. 5 and the phase correction unit shown in FIG. 6 regardless of the frequency f. Therefore, when the passing phase of the main waveguide section provided with the phase correction section shown in FIG. 5 is 90 degrees at a certain frequency f0, the passing phase of the main waveguide section provided with the phase correction section shown in FIG. 6 has the same frequency. At f0, it becomes 270 degrees (minus 90 degrees).
  • the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure functions as a rat race coupler. Further, since the phase difference of 180 degrees between the three main waveguides and one main waveguide for functioning as a rat race coupler can be obtained regardless of the frequency f, the induction according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the waveguide coupler has a wider frequency band than the conventional rat race coupler.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a calculation model of a conventional rat race coupler
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view thereof
  • FIG. 9 is a calculation model for verifying the passing phase difference between two types of main waveguides forming the conventional rat race coupler.
  • FIG. 10 shows the simulation results of the passing phase difference between the two types of main waveguides in the conventional rat race coupler. Although a passing phase difference of 180 degrees is obtained at the used center frequency f0, the difference deviates from 180 degrees as the frequency f moves away from the used center frequency f0.
  • FIGS. 11-1 to 11-4 show the simulation results of the frequency characteristics of the conventional rat race coupler.
  • the horizontal axis represents the frequency ⁇ f / f0 ⁇ , and is normalized by dividing the input high frequency frequency f by the used center frequency f0.
  • FIG. 11-1 shows plots S14, S32, S12 and S34.
  • Plot S14 is the amplitude characteristic of the frequency transfer function from port4 to port1.
  • Plot S32 is the amplitude characteristic of the frequency transfer function from port2 to port3.
  • plot S12 is the amplitude characteristic of each frequency transfer function from port 2 to port 1
  • plot S34 is the amplitude characteristic of each frequency transfer function from port 4 to port 3.
  • These plots will be referred to as "passing, coupling amplitude characteristics”.
  • the amplitude characteristics of passing and coupling the amplitudes match only at the used center frequency f0, and the difference increases as the distance from the used center frequency f0 increases.
  • the phase characteristics of passing and coupling are 180 degrees or 0 degrees only at the used center frequency f0, and the difference increases as the distance from the used center frequency f0 increases.
  • FIG. 11-2 shows plots S12-S32 and S14-S34.
  • the plots S12-S32 are amplitude characteristics of a function obtained by subtracting the frequency transfer function represented by the plot S32 from the frequency transfer function represented by the plot S12. That is, the plots S12-S32 are amplitude characteristics of a signal obtained by subtracting the signal of port3 from the signal of port1 with respect to the signal distributed to port1 and port3 when a high frequency is input to port2.
  • plots S14 to S34 are amplitude characteristics of a signal obtained by subtracting the signal of port3 from the signal of port1 with respect to the signal distributed to port1 and port3 when a high frequency is input to port4. These plots will be referred to as the "distribution amplitude difference".
  • FIGS. 11-3 and 11-4 show plots S12-S32 and plots S14-S34, respectively.
  • the plots S12-S32 in FIG. 11-3 represent the phase characteristics of the signal obtained by subtracting the signal of port3 from the signal of port1 with respect to the signal distributed to port1 and port3 when a high frequency is input to port2. ..
  • plots S14-S34 in FIG. 11-4 show the phase of the signal obtained by subtracting the signal of port3 from the signal of port1 with respect to the signal distributed between port1 and port3 when a high frequency is input to port4. Represents a characteristic.
  • These plots will be referred to as "distributed phase differences".
  • the distribution amplitude difference and the distribution phase difference of the conventional rat race coupler are as designed at the center frequency of use f0, but deviate from the design values as the distance from the center frequency of use f0 increases. ..
  • the frequency band suitable for use is ⁇ f / f0 ⁇ of about 0.99 to 1.01.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15-1 to 15-4 show a simulation of the frequency characteristics of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a calculation model of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is a calculation model for verifying the passing phase difference between the two types of main waveguide portions forming the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment. be.
  • FIG. 14 is a simulation result of the passing phase difference between the two types of main waveguides of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. It can be seen that a passing phase difference of 180 degrees is obtained regardless of the frequency f.
  • FIG. 15 is a simulation result of the frequency characteristics of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a simulation result of the frequency characteristics of the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15-1 is a diagram showing the passage and coupling amplitude characteristics.
  • FIG. 15-2 is a diagram showing the distribution amplitude difference.
  • 15-3 and 15-4 show plots S12-S32 and plots S14-S34, respectively, and are diagrams of distribution phase differences. It can be seen that the frequency dependence of the distribution amplitude difference in FIG. 15-2 and the distribution phase difference in FIGS. 15-3 and 15-4 is small.
  • the frequency band suitable for using the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure is ⁇ f /. f0 ⁇ is wider than 0.90 to 1.03.
  • the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment has the configuration of the present disclosure, so that even at a frequency f different from the center frequency f0 used, only one main line length is used for another main line. The same effect as making it longer by ⁇ / 2 can be obtained.
  • this phase correction mechanism that does not depend on the input high frequency wavelength, it is possible to obtain a waveguide coupler having a wider frequency band than the conventional rat race coupler.
  • the physical lengths of the first, second, third, and fourth main waveguide sections 9, 10, 11, and 12 are exactly the same, and a square-shaped arrangement is possible. Therefore, there is also an effect that the size is smaller than that of the conventional rat race ring having a different physical length of the main line.
  • the position of the phase correction unit does not have to be in the center of the main waveguide, and may be nested. In this case as well, the relationship between the passing phases of each main waveguide does not change, so that the same effect can be obtained. Further, since the positions of the phase correction units are separated from each other, the wall of the waveguide can be made thicker, which has the effect of improving manufacturability and strength.
  • the passing phase of the first, second, and third main waveguide portions 9, 10 and 11 is 90 degrees is shown here, it may be an odd multiple of 90 degrees.
  • Embodiment 2. 17 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 18 is a plan view thereof
  • FIG. 19 is a twist constituting the waveguide coupler according to the second embodiment.
  • It is a perspective view of the waveguides 121 to 128 (representatively 121).
  • the twisted waveguides 121 to 128 according to the second embodiment are provided with R (roundness) along the edge portion of the wide wall surface dimension (so-called A dimension). There is.
  • the twisted waveguides 121 to 128 according to the second embodiment are provided with an R at the edge portion, the space between the twisted waveguide 126 and the twisted waveguide 127 is widened.
  • the wall of the waveguide can be made thicker (the part circled by the dotted line in FIG. 18). This also has the effect of improving ease of manufacture and strength.
  • the input / output waveguides 101B to 104B shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 are not standard but half-height (B dimension is half of the standard). Since the B dimension of the main waveguides 109B to 112B is also reduced, the twisted waveguides 121B and the twisted waveguides 122B are closer to each other than when the input / output waveguides 101B to 104B are formed of standard waveguides. It will be. Therefore, the effect of providing R at the edge of the waveguide constituting the waveguide coupler is further enhanced.
  • the waveguide may be provided with C (cut) at the edge.
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 23 is a plan view thereof.
  • the twisted waveguides 221 to 228 according to the third embodiment have an arc-shaped waveguide conversion unit 231.
  • FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the twisted waveguides 221 to 228 (representatively 221) according to the third embodiment
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a portion indicated by an arrow BB in FIG. 24.
  • the square waveguide according to the third embodiment may have the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 25A or FIG. 25B.
  • the waveguide coupler according to the third embodiment has the same effect as the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment.
  • the wall of the waveguide should be thickened by widening the space between the locations where the twisted waveguides 221 to 228 are close to each other. It also has the effect of improving ease of manufacture and strength.
  • waveguide twists 221 to 228 according to the third embodiment may be provided with R or C (cut) along the edge portion.
  • FIG. 26 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the waveguide coupler according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 27 is a plan view thereof.
  • the main waveguide section is smoothly connected instead of an acute angle at the connection sections 313 to 316 between the main waveguide sections 309 to 312 and the input / output waveguide sections 301 to 304. There is.
  • the waveguide coupler according to the fourth embodiment has the same effect as the waveguide coupler according to the first embodiment.
  • the waveguide coupler according to the fourth embodiment has an effect that good reflection characteristics can be easily obtained because the main waveguide portion is smoothly connected at the connection portions 313 to 316 instead of having an acute angle.

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/029314 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 導波管カプラ Ceased WO2022024318A1 (ja)

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JP2022533343A JP7128570B2 (ja) 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 導波管カプラ
PCT/JP2020/029314 WO2022024318A1 (ja) 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 導波管カプラ

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PCT/JP2020/029314 WO2022024318A1 (ja) 2020-07-30 2020-07-30 導波管カプラ

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116111358A (zh) * 2023-02-28 2023-05-12 西安交通大学 一种K/Ka波段双频锥状波束天线
WO2024166296A1 (ja) * 2023-02-09 2024-08-15 三菱電機株式会社 多層基板及びそれを用いたアンテナ装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004363764A (ja) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 導波管装置
US20150028967A1 (en) * 2013-07-23 2015-01-29 Honeywell International Inc. Twist for connecting orthogonal waveguides in a single housing structure
WO2015093466A1 (ja) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 三菱電機株式会社 アンテナ給電回路
US20190198963A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Zte Corporation Rf waveguide twist

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004363764A (ja) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 導波管装置
US20150028967A1 (en) * 2013-07-23 2015-01-29 Honeywell International Inc. Twist for connecting orthogonal waveguides in a single housing structure
WO2015093466A1 (ja) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 三菱電機株式会社 アンテナ給電回路
US20190198963A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Zte Corporation Rf waveguide twist

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024166296A1 (ja) * 2023-02-09 2024-08-15 三菱電機株式会社 多層基板及びそれを用いたアンテナ装置
JPWO2024166296A1 (enExample) * 2023-02-09 2024-08-15
JP7699730B2 (ja) 2023-02-09 2025-06-27 三菱電機株式会社 多層基板及びそれを用いたアンテナ装置
CN116111358A (zh) * 2023-02-28 2023-05-12 西安交通大学 一种K/Ka波段双频锥状波束天线

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JP7128570B2 (ja) 2022-08-31

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