WO2022024206A1 - Procédé de culture de plante, et dispositif de culture de plante - Google Patents

Procédé de culture de plante, et dispositif de culture de plante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022024206A1
WO2022024206A1 PCT/JP2020/028801 JP2020028801W WO2022024206A1 WO 2022024206 A1 WO2022024206 A1 WO 2022024206A1 JP 2020028801 W JP2020028801 W JP 2020028801W WO 2022024206 A1 WO2022024206 A1 WO 2022024206A1
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Prior art keywords
liquid fertilizer
medium
liquid
nutrient solution
tank
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Application number
PCT/JP2020/028801
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正月 白川
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プランテク株式会社
日洋サービス株式会社
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Application filed by プランテク株式会社, 日洋サービス株式会社 filed Critical プランテク株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2020/028801 priority Critical patent/WO2022024206A1/fr
Priority to JP2022539823A priority patent/JPWO2022024206A1/ja
Publication of WO2022024206A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022024206A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cultivating plants such as tomatoes and a plant cultivation apparatus.
  • Cultivation methods for tomatoes range from soil cultivation in which seedlings are prepared on a hotbed and planted in the open field to hydroponics that can be produced in a plant factory.
  • a hydroponic cultivation method has been proposed as hydroponics.
  • Patent Document 1 As this hydroponic cultivation method, in Patent Document 1, about 250 ml of a medium (about 250 ml) is provided in each groove of a cultivation tray in which grooves formed in a substantially D-shaped horizontal cross section are arranged in two rows in the longitudinal direction. A technique is disclosed in which soil, coconut husk, rock wool, etc.) are put in and a irrigation nutrient solution is supplied to each medium in which tomato seedlings are planted.
  • the conventional medium soil, coconut husk, rock wool, etc.
  • the irrigation nutrient solution is irrigated 10 to 20% more than the irrigation amount required by the plant. Therefore, it was common to dispose of the surplus liquid as waste liquid because various germs easily propagate.
  • the irrigation solution was adjusted for weakly acidic pH.
  • the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation apparatus capable of reducing the cost for cultivating a plant.
  • the method for cultivating a plant according to claim 1 is to spread a medium having a characteristic that it is difficult for germs to grow inside a container, root the plant in the medium, supply liquid fertilizer to the medium, and soak the medium. It is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is re-supplied to the medium.
  • the method for cultivating a plant according to claim 2 is such that a medium of coral gravel is spread inside a container, the plant is rooted in the medium, liquid fertilizer is supplied to the medium, and the medium is immersed in the medium. It is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer is re-supplied to the medium.
  • a medium of coral gravel is spread on a horizontally placed gutter, the plant is rooted in the medium at regular intervals, and an irrigation tube is placed on the upper part of the medium. Then, the liquid fertilizer stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank is supplied to the medium via the irrigation tube, and at least a part of the liquid fertilizer surplus due to the supply liquid is coated on the gutter. It is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer flows through the drainage groove formed in the gutter and is returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank via a drainage pipe connected to the drainage groove.
  • the method for cultivating a plant according to claim 4 is the method for cultivating a plant according to claim 3, wherein the water content is reduced by a moisture meter installed in the medium, or the feeding is instructed by a timer. It is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer returned to the liquid circulation tank is reused by supplying the medium to the medium via the irrigation tube.
  • a medium of coral gravel is spread on a horizontally placed gutter, plants are rooted in the medium at regular intervals, and an irrigation tube is placed on the upper part of the medium. Then, the liquid fertilizer stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank is supplied to the medium via the irrigation tube, and at least a part of the liquid fertilizer surplus due to the supply liquid is coated on the gutter. It is a plant cultivation device that flows through a drainage groove formed in the gutter and returns the liquid fertilizer flowing in the drainage groove to the nutrient solution circulation tank via a drainage pipe connected to the drainage groove.
  • a nutrient solution device composed of a pump, an irrigation pump, and an EC sensor is provided, and the nutrient solution device is a liquid fertilizer transfer pump from the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank when a certain amount of liquid fertilizer in the nutrient solution circulation tank is consumed.
  • the liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank is appropriate by mixing the first raw material liquid and the second raw material liquid using the liquid fertilizer mixing pump based on the detection result of the EC sensor. It is characterized by controlling the nutrient solution to be supplied until the EC concentration is reached.
  • the plant cultivation method and the plant cultivation device in the present invention have made it possible to reduce the cost of plant cultivation.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a plant cultivation method
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a gutter and a filter cloth
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the entire facility using a plant cultivation device.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a plant cultivation device.
  • FIG. 5 is a first cross-sectional view showing a cultivation bed and an installation table of a plant cultivation apparatus.
  • FIG. 6 is a second cross-sectional view showing a cultivation bed and an installation table of a plant cultivation device.
  • FIG. 7 is a first explanatory diagram showing cultivation preparation work using a cultivation bed and an installation table of a plant cultivation device.
  • FIG. 8 is a second explanatory diagram showing cultivation preparation work using a cultivation bed and an installation table of a plant cultivation device.
  • a medium 3 of coral gravel is spread inside a container (gutter 2) constituting the plant cultivation device 1, and the medium 3 is covered with a plant (tomato 100). Is rooted, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the medium 3, and the liquid fertilizer 4 after being immersed in the medium 3 is re-supplied to the medium.
  • the medium 3 of coral gravel is spread on the horizontally placed gutter 2 and the tomato 100 is rooted in the medium 3 at regular intervals, and the tomato 100 is rooted in the medium 3 at regular intervals.
  • the irrigation tube 5 is arranged, the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5, and the liquid fertilizer 4 surplus due to the supply is internally attached to the gutter 2.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4b that flows through the drainage groove 8 formed in the gutter 2 through the filtered cloth 7 and flows through the drainage groove 8 is circulated through the drainage pipe 9 connected to the drainage groove 8. Return to tank 6.
  • the plant cultivation device 1 includes gutter 2, medium (coral gravel) 3, liquid fertilizer 4, irrigation tube 5, nutrient solution circulation tank 6, filter cloth 7, drainage pipe 9, overflow pipe 10, liquid fertilizer adjustment tank 11, and liquid channel. 12.
  • the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13, the liquid passage 14, the irrigation pump 15, the pipe 16, the return liquid pump 17, the return liquid pipe 18, the timers 19 and 20, and the EC sensor (fertilizer concentration sensor) 21 are provided. Further, a moisture meter 22 (see FIG. 4) is installed in the medium 3.
  • liquid A first raw material liquid
  • liquid B second raw material liquid tank
  • water from the water storage tank is injected. It is designed to store the injected and mixed liquid fertilizer 4a.
  • the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 is connected to the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13 via the liquid passage 12.
  • the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13 transfers the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the liquid passage 14 according to an instruction from the timer 19 or the control panel 50 (see FIG. 4) described later.
  • the drainage pipe 9 and the overflow pipe 10 are connected to the return pump 17 via the pipe 16.
  • the plant cultivation apparatus 1 of the first embodiment stores water in the gutter 2 covered with the medium 3 after the cultivation is finished, and waters dust, root pieces, dead leaves, and the like. Stir to.
  • the overflow pipe 10 is for allowing water in which impurities are agitated to flow into the pipe from the end portion 10a on one end side, and then flowing into the pipe 16 through the pipe to be discarded.
  • the return pump 17 returns the liquid fertilizer 4b from the drainage pipe 9 and the water, impurities, fine particles and the like from the overflow pipe 10 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the pipe 18.
  • the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is provided with a valve for discarding the internal liquid.
  • the irrigation pump 15 receives the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 (the liquid fertilizer 4b returned from the liquid passage 14 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6) according to the instruction from the timer 20 or the control panel 50 (see FIG. 4) described later. Included) or water is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5.
  • the gutter 2 is formed by forming styrofoam into a band-shaped container whose upper surface is open by a mold.
  • the filter cloth 7 internally attached to the gutter 2 is a stack of a non-woven fabric (water permeable) 25, a net 26, and a non-woven fabric (water permeable) 27 in order from the bottom.
  • the nonwoven fabric 25 and the nonwoven fabric 27 are formed so as to cover the entire upper side of the gutter 2.
  • the net 26 is formed to have the same size as the inner bottom surface of the gutter 2.
  • a corrugated sheet 24 is provided under the filter cloth 7.
  • the corrugated sheet 24 is formed in a size slightly smaller than the inner bottom surface of the gutter 2.
  • a PO film (black polyplastic sheet for hydroponics, waterproof) 23 is provided under the corrugated sheet 24.
  • the PO film 23 is formed so as to cover the entire upper side of the gutter 2.
  • the PO film 23 is intended to waterproof the gutter 2 under the corrugated plate 24.
  • the PO film 23, the corrugated sheet 24, the non-woven fabric 25, the net 26, and the non-woven fabric 27 are formed with insertion holes (not shown) through which the overflow pipe 10 (see FIG. 1) is inserted. Further, the PO film 23 is formed with an opening connected to the drainage pipe 9.
  • the tomato cultivation facility (plant) 30 has the first to third cultivation pastes 31, 32, and 33 arranged in three rows.
  • the first cultivation training 31 is composed of a cultivation device 34 for one plant.
  • the plant cultivation device 34 includes one nutrient solution device 41, a plurality of gutters 2, a medium 3, an irrigation tube 5, a filter cloth 7, a drainage pipe 9, and an overflow pipe 10 shown in FIG. ..
  • the second cultivation training 32 is composed of a cultivation device 35 for one plant and a collection / shipment room 36.
  • the plant cultivation device 35 includes one nutrient solution device 41, a plurality of gutters 2, a medium 3, an irrigation tube 5, a filter cloth 7, a drainage pipe 9, and an overflow pipe 10 shown in FIG. ..
  • the third cultivation kneading 33 is composed of a cultivation device 37 for one plant.
  • the plant cultivation device 37 is composed of a plurality of gutters 2, a medium 3, an irrigation tube 5, a filter cloth 7, a drainage pipe 9, and an overflow pipe 10 shown in FIG.
  • the plant cultivation devices 34, 35, 37 spread the medium 3 on the horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 2, root the plants in the medium at regular intervals, and irrigate the irrigation tube 5 (on the upper part of the medium).
  • the liquid fertilizer 4 (see FIG. 4) stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 (see FIG. 4) is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5, and the solution is used.
  • a drainage groove 8 (see FIG. 5) formed in the gutter 2 through a filter cloth 7 (see FIG. 5) and a corrugated plate 24 (see FIG. 5) embedded in the gutter 2 for at least a part of the excess liquid fertilizer 4. (See FIG. 5), and the liquid fertilizer 4b flowing through the drainage groove 8 is returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the drainage pipe 9 connected to the drainage groove 8.
  • the cultivation bed 42 of the plant cultivation device 34 is a combination of the gutter 2 and the filter cloth 7 shown in FIG.
  • the cultivation bed 42 is covered with a medium 3 made of coral gravel according to the variety of the plant to be cultivated (tomato 100).
  • the nutrient solution device 41 stores the control panel 50, the A liquid tank (first raw material liquid tank) 51 for storing the A liquid (first raw material liquid), and the B liquid (second raw material liquid).
  • the nutrient solution device 41 is provided with an EC sensor 21 in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to control the liquid fertilizer mixing pump 53 so that the liquid fertilizer 4a in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 has an appropriate EC concentration.
  • the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is capable of flowing liquid to the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 via the liquid passage 12, the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13, and the liquid passage 14, so that the liquid fertilizer 4a from the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 flows in. It has become.
  • the A liquid tank 51 and the B liquid tank 52 are provided with a valve for discarding the internal liquid.
  • the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is provided with a drainage pump 29 for discarding the internal liquid. Only in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6, impurities are discharged to the outside by the drainage pump 29.
  • the fertilizer 4a of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 is circulated by the instruction of the level sensor (not shown) and the control of the control panel 50. 12. It flows into the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13 and the liquid passage 14. As a result, the amount of liquid fertilizer 4 in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is maintained at an appropriate amount.
  • the control panel 50 of the liquid fertilizing device 41 puts fresh water in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to a predetermined position by the instruction of a level sensor (not shown) and the control of the control valve by the control panel 50.
  • the liquid A first raw material liquid
  • the liquid B second raw material liquid
  • the control panel 50 instructs the irrigation pump 15 based on the decrease in the amount of water indicated by the moisture meter 22, and the liquid fertilizer 4 of the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is passed through the irrigation tube 5 of the cultivation bed 42.
  • a liquid is supplied to the medium 3.
  • the irrigation pump 15 can also supply the medium 3 of the cultivation bed 42 via the irrigation tube 5 based on the instruction of the timer 20.
  • the plant cultivation device 34 performs the nutrient solution control by the control device (control panel 50) installed in the nutrient solution device 41, and is supplied from the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 to the medium 3.
  • the supply amount of the liquid fertilizer 4 is displayed on a display device (not shown) based on the detection result of the flow rate sensor (not shown).
  • the cultivation bed 42 of the plant cultivation device 34 is placed on the installation table 60.
  • the upper side of the medium 3 and the irrigation tube 5 is covered with a light-shielding sheet 28 having holes formed through the stems of the tomato 100.
  • the installation table 60 is composed of a plate-shaped top plate 61 and a plurality of legs 62 and 63 that support the top plate 61.
  • the legs 62 and 63 can be expanded and contracted.
  • the height of the region S surrounded by the top plate 61, the plurality of legs 62 and 63 and the cultivation room ground 64 is slightly longer than the diameter of the warm air ducts 71 and 72.
  • the width of the region S becomes slightly shorter than the width of the two warm air ducts 71 and 72 arranged side by side.
  • a drainage pipe 9 is arranged at an intermediate position in the width direction of the region S.
  • One end side of the drainage pipe 9 is connected to the drainage groove 8 of the gutter 2.
  • the other end of the drainage pipe 9 is submerged under the cultivation room ground 64 and connected to the pipe 16.
  • a drainage valve 9a is provided on the ground side of the drainage pipe 9.
  • the drain valve 9a opens and closes the flow of the liquid fertilizer 4 in the drain pipe 9 and adjusts the flow rate by operating the knob 9b.
  • the end portion 10a on one end side is exposed from the upper part of the medium 3 of the gutter 2, and the other end side is submerged under the cultivation room ground 64 and connected to the pipe 16. There is.
  • ⁇ Cultivation preparation work> When preparing for cultivation of tomatoes, first, a medium (coral gravel) 3 is spread in the cultivation bed 42, and then the drain valve 9a is closed.
  • control panel 50 is operated to inject only the water (fresh water) from the water storage tank into the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11, and the water in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 is transferred to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 by the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13. ..
  • control panel 50 is operated to pump the water stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 by the irrigation pump 15, and as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the water 80 is added to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5.
  • the drainage from the overflow pipe 10 is discarded by the drainage pump 29 provided in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the pipe 16 and the nutrient solution circulation tank 6.
  • the drain valve 9a is opened, and the water in the cultivation bed 42 is allowed to flow into the drain groove 8 formed in the gutter 2 through the filter cloth 7 and the corrugated plate 24 embedded in the gutter 2.
  • the water flowing through the drainage groove 8 is discarded via the pipe 16 (or the drainage pump 29).
  • tomato cultivation work is performed.
  • the liquid A from the liquid A tank (first raw material liquid) and the liquid B from the liquid B tank (second raw material liquid tank) are charged in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11.
  • water from the water storage tank is injected to store the mixed liquid fertilizer 4a.
  • the control panel 50 controls the liquid fertilizer mixing pump 53 so that the liquid fertilizer 4 in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 has an appropriate EC concentration based on the detection result of the EC sensor 21.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4a having an appropriate EC concentration is stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11.
  • the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13 transfers the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via the liquid passage 14 instructed by the timer 19 (see FIG. 1) or the control panel 50 (see FIG. 4). Transfer.
  • the irrigation pump 15 is instructed by the control panel 50 (see FIG. 4) based on the decrease in water content indicated by the timer 20 or the water content meter 22 installed in the medium 3, and the liquid fertilizer 4 (nourishment) stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is instructed.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4b returned to the liquid circulation tank 6) is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5.
  • control panel 50 shown in FIG. 4 controls the temperature, the humidity, the amount of solar radiation, and the water condition of the medium (coral gravel) 3, and periodically irrigates with the liquid fertilizer 4.
  • water 80 is poured into the medium 3 through the irrigation tube 5 in the same manner as in the cultivation preparation work shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the inside of the cultivation bed 42 is filled with water, and impurities (dust, root pieces, dead leaves, etc.) and fine particles are stirred and removed from the overflow pipe 10.
  • the liquid fertilizer, water, impurities and fine particles stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6, the liquid fertilizer 4 of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11, the liquid A of the liquid fertilizer tank 51, and the liquid B of the liquid B tank 52 were provided in each of them. It is discarded by opening the valve, and the nutrient solution circulation tank 6, the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11, the A liquid tank 51, and the B liquid tank 52 are washed.
  • a medium 3 having a characteristic that bacteria are difficult to propagate is spread inside a container (cultivation bed 42), and the plant (tomato) is spread on the medium 3. 100) is rooted, the liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the medium 3, and the liquid fertilizer 4 after being immersed in the medium 3 is supplied to the medium 3 again.
  • a medium 3 of coral gravel is spread inside a container (cultivation bed 42), a plant (tomato 100) is rooted in the medium 3, and a liquid fertilizer 4 is supplied to the medium 3. It is characterized in that the liquid fertilizer 4 after being liquefied and immersed in the medium 3 is re-supplied to the medium 3.
  • a medium 3 of coral gravel is spread on a horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 2, and a plant (tomato 100) is rooted in the medium 3 at regular intervals.
  • An irrigation tube 5 is arranged at the upper part, and the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5, and at least one of the liquid fertilizers 4 surplus due to the supply liquid is supplied.
  • the portion is flowed into the drainage groove 8 formed in the gutter 2 through the filter cloth 7 internally attached to the gutter 2, and the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 is connected to the drainage groove 8. It is characterized in that it is returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via a pipe 9.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4 returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is irrigated by a decrease in the amount of water indicated by the moisture meter installed in the medium 3 or an instruction by the timer 20. It is reused by supplying a liquid to the medium 3 via the tube 5.
  • the coral gravel medium 3 is spread on the horizontally placed strip-shaped gutter 2, the plant (tomato 100) is rooted in the medium 3 at regular intervals, and the medium 3 is used.
  • the irrigation tube 5 is arranged in the upper part of the irrigation tube 5, and the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 is supplied to the medium 3 via the irrigation tube 5, and at least the liquid fertilizer 4 surplus due to the supply is supplied.
  • a part of the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing through the drainage groove 8 formed in the gutter 2 is flowed through the filter cloth 7 innerly attached to the gutter 2, and the liquid fertilizer 4 flowing in the drainage groove 8 is connected to the drainage groove 8.
  • a plant cultivation device that is returned to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 via a liquid pipe 9, wherein the nutrient solution circulation tank 6, a liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11, and a first raw material liquid tank for storing a first raw material liquid are stored.
  • a liquid tank 51 a second raw material liquid tank (B liquid tank 52) for storing a second raw material liquid, a liquid fertilizer mixing pump 53, a liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13, an irrigation pump 15, and an EC sensor 21. Equipped with a water supply device 41 composed of
  • the nutrient solution device 41 supplies an appropriate amount of fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 by the liquid fertilizer transfer pump 13. Then, when the water level of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 drops, water is supplied to the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 to a predetermined position, and the liquid fertilizer 4 of the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 has an appropriate EC concentration, based on the EC sensor 21. , The nutrient solution control is performed by mixing the first raw material liquid and the second raw material liquid using the liquid fertilizer mixing pump and supplying the liquid fertilizer 4 stored in the liquid fertilizer adjusting tank 11 until the proper EC concentration is reached. conduct.
  • the coconut husk medium In the combination of coconut husk medium and liquid fertilizer, which has become popular as a medium in recent years, the coconut husk medium is organic and secular variation occurs due to the propagation of germs, so it is necessary to replace the medium in 1 to 2 years.
  • the amount of liquid fertilizer (water) is reduced as much as possible, the water absorbed by the fruit is reduced, and the sugar content is increased, so that the amount of fruit produced is reduced.
  • the coral gravel used in the medium 3 of the embodiment of the present invention has the property of being alkaline that does not change over time and making it difficult for germs to propagate, so that it does not need to be replaced.
  • the period of use of the medium can be extended in the cultivation of high sugar content tomatoes due to the characteristic that germs are difficult to propagate. Further, in the liquid fertilizer 4 after being soaked in the coral gravel medium 3, it is not necessary to perform extreme irrigation restriction, so that the productivity can be improved.
  • the plant cultivation method according to the embodiment does not require a facility for sterilizing the drainage due to the characteristic that the germs of the liquid fertilizer 4 are difficult to propagate.
  • liquid fertilizer 4 after being immersed in the coral gravel medium 3 used in the embodiment of the present invention contains abundantly various (70 kinds) essential minerals such as calcium and magnesium, a trace amount at the time of growth is obtained. Since tomatoes with a very high sugar content (sugar content of 8 to 12 degrees) are produced by being absorbed by tomatoes as an element, high sugar content tomatoes, which are in high demand in the market, can be produced with high efficiency.
  • the coral gravel medium 3 to be used only needs to be packed in the container (cultivation bed 42), the increase in cost due to the use of coral gravel can be sufficiently suppressed.
  • control panel 50 controls the temperature, the humidity, the amount of solar radiation, and the water condition of the medium (coral gravel) 3, and periodically irrigates with the liquid fertilizer 4. Therefore, the cultivation cost can be reduced.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4 irrigated by the irrigation tube 5 sufficiently permeates the medium (coral gravel) 3 and penetrates into the porous coral gravel.
  • the coral gravel is granular and has good water permeability, and the excess liquid of the liquid fertilizer 4 passes through the waves of the non-woven fabric 27, the net 26, the non-woven fabric 25, and the corrugated plate 24 and flows out to the drainage groove 8.
  • the PO film (black polyplastic sheet for hydroponics) 24 exhibits a function for waterproofing the gutter 2 and is used as a waterproof sheet for the gutter 2.
  • the excess liquid of the liquid fertilizer 4 is collected as waste liquid in the nutrient solution circulation tank 6 through the drainage pipe 9.
  • the liquid fertilizer 4 can be recycled and utilized, so that the amount of fresh water, the liquid A, and the liquid B used can be suppressed, and the cultivation cost of the plant can be reduced.
  • the plant cultivation method according to the embodiment of the present invention by increasing the volume of the drainage groove 8, it is not necessary to make a gradient in the cultivation bed 42, and the height of the plurality of cultivation beds 42 becomes horizontal. It becomes possible to install the tomatoes in a uniform manner, and the water content in the medium (coral gravel) 3 becomes uniform, so that the tomatoes grow uniformly, which facilitates management.
  • the non-landing of the cultivation room ground 64 is adjusted by the legs 62 and 63 that support the cultivation bed 42 at equal intervals, and the cultivation bed 42 Can be held horizontally, and the installation work of the cultivation bed 42 can be facilitated.
  • the drainage valve 9a is closed and fresh water is poured through the irrigation tube 5 to flow the cultivation bed. Since the inside of 42 can be filled with water and impurities and fine particles can be removed from the overflow pipe 10, the cultivation preparation work becomes easy.
  • old roots can be removed by performing the same work as the poetry cultivation preparation work before the cultivation is completed and the next seedling is planted. Work becomes easier.
  • the hot air ducts 71 and 72 can work between the cultivation beds 42. It does not get in the way and improves workability.
  • the structure, system, program, material, connection of each member, chemical substance, etc. of the present invention can be variously changed without changing the gist of the present invention.
  • the material can be freely selected from metal, plastic, FRP, wood, concrete, etc.
  • control or the like may be controlled by a higher-level control portion or may be controlled by a higher-end control portion.
  • coral gravel was used as a substance for immersing the liquid fertilizer 4 in order to make it difficult for germs to propagate.
  • the substance for immersing such liquid fertilizer crushed scallop shells and oysters were used.
  • Various applications such as crushed scallop shells and crushed limestone gravel are possible.
  • ⁇ Definition, etc.> As the plant to be cultivated in the present invention, various kinds such as eggplant, cucumber, strawberry and the like can be applied in addition to tomato. In addition to mini tomatoes, various tomato varieties such as fruit ruby, Sicilian rouge, and Momotaro can be applied.

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de réduire le coût de culture d'une plante. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un procédé de culture d'une plante, comprenant : l'épandage d'un milieu (3) de gravier de corail à travers une gouttière en forme de bande (2) placée dans une position horizontale ; l'enracinement des plantes (tomate (100)) à un certain intervalle dans le milieu (3) ; la disposition d'un tube d'irrigation (5) au-dessus du milieu (3) ; la fourniture d'un fertilisant liquide (4) stocké dans une cuve de circulation de solution de nutriments (6) au milieu (3) à travers le tube d'irrigation (5) ; le fait d'amener au moins une portion de l'excès du fertilisant liquide (4) à s'écouler, dû à la fourniture du liquide, dans une rainure d'évacuation de liquide (8) formée dans la gouttière (2) à travers un tissu de filtration (7) fixé à la surface interne de la gouttière (2) ; et la fourniture du fertilisant liquide (4) s'écoulant à travers la rainure d'évacuation de liquide (8) en retour vers la cuve de circulation de solution de nutriments (6) à travers une conduite d'évacuation de liquide (9) reliée à la rainure d'évacuation de liquide (8).
PCT/JP2020/028801 2020-07-28 2020-07-28 Procédé de culture de plante, et dispositif de culture de plante WO2022024206A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116636454A (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-08-25 吉林大学 一种防止分泌物交叉感染的人参水培装置

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WO2019013346A1 (fr) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 株式会社プラントライフシステムズ Solution nutritive
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JPH07284351A (ja) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-31 Harada Service:Kk 無土壌栽培装置
WO2019013346A1 (fr) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 株式会社プラントライフシステムズ Solution nutritive
WO2019230039A1 (fr) * 2018-06-01 2019-12-05 日洋サービス株式会社 Procédé de culture de plante et appareil de culture de plante

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CN116636454B (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-09-29 吉林大学 一种防止分泌物交叉感染的人参水培装置

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