WO2022022031A1 - Fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator - Google Patents

Fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022022031A1
WO2022022031A1 PCT/CN2021/095626 CN2021095626W WO2022022031A1 WO 2022022031 A1 WO2022022031 A1 WO 2022022031A1 CN 2021095626 W CN2021095626 W CN 2021095626W WO 2022022031 A1 WO2022022031 A1 WO 2022022031A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fertilization
rod
fertilizer
diverter
support arm
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PCT/CN2021/095626
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁栋
吴超
张燕
赵乃澳
施晓佳
宁彤
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海南大学
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Application filed by 海南大学 filed Critical 海南大学
Priority to AU2021236586A priority Critical patent/AU2021236586B2/en
Publication of WO2022022031A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022022031A1/en

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G29/00Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/001Servomotor systems with fluidic control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/05Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator.
  • Liquid fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer in China in recent years. With the continuous development of agricultural technology, liquid fertilizer is not an ordinary foliar fertilizer. Liquid fertilizer is a liquefaction of solid fertilizer, which is in line with the national development trend. Liquid fertilizer is not easy to damage roots and seedlings. Dissolving and dilution does not cool down, and it is easy to distribute evenly in the soil after application, unlike solid fertilizers that form concentrated fertilization with high local salinity, dilution and cooling, and damage to roots and seedlings; liquid fertilizers can reduce water infiltration and evaporation, and improve water utilization.
  • Liquid fertilizer realizes balanced fertilization and centralized fertilization, reduces fertilizer volatilization and loss, and losses caused by excess nutrients, and has the advantages of simple fertilization, timely fertilizer supply, easy absorption by crops, and improved fertilizer utilization.
  • Liquid fertilizer can improve the ecological environment, enhance the activity of microorganisms, promote the absorption of nutrients by crops, and increase the yield of crops. Therefore, liquid fertilizer has gradually developed, and the corresponding agricultural machinery has also been continuously upgraded and replaced, and various liquid fertilizer fertilization machinery should be born.
  • Patent document CN111295991A discloses a fruit tree fertilizing device, including a body, the bottom wall of the body is provided with a movable cavity with a downward opening, a rotating rod is rotatably installed on the rear side wall of the movable cavity, and a drill is installed on the rotating rod.
  • the ground drilling device includes a rotating block fixedly installed on the rotating rod in the movable cavity, the rotating block is rotatably installed with a blade shaft that penetrates up and down, and the lower side of the blade shaft is fixedly installed with a rotating block.
  • the blade shaft is fixedly installed with a movable bevel gear on the upper side of the rotating block
  • the body is provided with a transmission cavity on the left side of the movable cavity
  • the transmission cavity is provided with a transmission device for controlling power
  • the upper side of the transmission cavity is provided with a lifting groove with an upward opening, and a lifting rod is slidably installed in the lifting groove.
  • the device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.
  • the rotation and meshing connection of the tool is controlled by the auxiliary motor, which reduces the space of the device and facilitates digging, and can also protect the device and reduce tool damage; the device drives the tool to rotate through the worm.
  • the rotating shaft enables the fertilizer to be stirred in the mixing chamber for convenient discharge, and controls the periodic positive and negative rotation of the clapboard to discharge the fertilizer periodically, so that the fertilizer can be fully mixed with the soil;
  • the lifting rod is controlled by the pressure rod, and the lifting height can be controlled to adapt to the fruit trees.
  • the nozzle and the conduit are in contact to spray, reducing the waste of fertilizer and making the fertilizer more contact with the fruit trees.
  • Patent document CN210694832U discloses a fertilization device for fruit tree cultivation, including a silo, a hopper is fixed on one side of the top of the silo, a push rod is fixed on one side of the silo, and a discharge port is opened on one side of the bottom end of the silo.
  • the bottom end of the discharge port is fixed with a discharge pipe, the bottom end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected with the top of the three shunt pipes, the other side of the silo is fixed with a casing, and the interior of the casing is fixed with a battery through a battery frame
  • the bottom of one side of the shell is fixedly installed with a vertical plate.
  • the utility model is a fertilization device for fruit tree cultivation.
  • the runner When the staff pushes the push rod in the orchard, the runner is driven to rotate by the deceleration motor, and the runner can drive the silo to move, saving energy. Manpower, after the runner stops rotating, the hands of the staff leave the push rod, and the silo can be supported by two support legs. A loosening shackle is set on one side to loosen the soil.
  • the existing machinery has the function of applying liquid fertilizer, but the form of fertilization is limited.
  • For large-scale machinery it is inconvenient to walk in the orchard, and the fertilizer is applied on the ground.
  • the degree of automation is not high, and manual assistance is required during fertilization.
  • fertilizing fruit trees it needs to be performed many times, which is labor-intensive. Therefore, for the fertilization machinery specially used for fruit trees in orchards, there are still problems such as insufficiency of functions, limited working scope, low working efficiency, and limited working conditions.
  • the present invention provides an automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator, which directly fertilizes fruit trees from the inside of the soil, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency, and easy operation.
  • Liquid fertilizer is directly applied around the root system of fruit trees, which can reduce fertilizer volatilization and pollution. It is easy to be absorbed by fruit trees and has a high degree of automation, completely liberating the hands of fruit farmers, and has great social benefits and market potential.
  • the present invention provides a fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer spreader, comprising a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizing mechanism, characterized in that the traveling system includes a sports vehicle, the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage bucket, and the The liquid storage tank is fixedly connected with the sports car, the execution system includes a drive assembly, the fertilization mechanism includes a support arm, a diverter and a fertilization rod, the sports car is provided with a guide sliding seat, and the support arm is installed on the The guide slide is on and slidably connected with the guide slide, the drive assembly is connected with the support arm, the diverter is installed on the inner side of the support arm, and the fertilization rod is arranged on the inner side of the diverter.
  • the liquid storage bucket is connected to the diverter through a fertilization pipe fitting, and a control mechanism is arranged in the sports car, and the control mechanism is respectively connected with the sports car, the drive assembly and the fertilization pipe fitting.
  • the guide sliding seat is provided on the side wall of the sports vehicle.
  • the fertilization pipe includes a fertilization pipeline, a manual valve and an electric control valve
  • the liquid storage tank is communicated with the diverter through the fertilization pipeline
  • both the manual valve and the electric control valve are installed in the fertilization pipeline. on the pipeline.
  • the drive assembly includes a clamping hydraulic pump and a positioning oil cylinder
  • the clamping hydraulic pump is installed on the moving vehicle
  • the positioning oil cylinder is installed in the guide sliding seat
  • the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder Connected with the support arm, the clamping hydraulic pump and the positioning oil cylinder are connected through an oil pipe.
  • the drive assembly further includes a lower-pressure hydraulic pump and a lower-pressure oil cylinder, two semi-arc-shaped fixing brackets are arranged above the diverter, the fixing brackets are fixedly connected with the support arm, and the fixing brackets are
  • the bracket and the diverter are connected by a plurality of guide rods, the guide rods are fixedly connected with the fixed bracket, the diverter is slidably connected with the guide rod, and the lower pressure cylinder is penetrated on the fixed bracket and the support arm , the piston rod of the lower pressure oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the shunt, the lower pressure hydraulic pump and the lower pressure oil cylinder are connected by an oil pipe, one end of the fixed bracket is provided with a limit cone, and the other end is provided with a limit hole , the fixing brackets on both sides are clamped through the limiting cone and the limiting hole.
  • the shunt is a semi-annular hollow structure
  • the outer end of the shunt is also provided with the limiting cone and the limiting hole
  • the shunts on both sides pass through the limiting cone and the limiting hole.
  • the holes are clamped, and the outer ring surface of the diverter is provided with a fertilizer conveying interface, and the interface is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipeline.
  • control mechanism is a PLC controller.
  • the fertilization rod includes a straight fertilization rod and an oblique fertilization rod
  • the straight fertilization rod and the oblique fertilization rod are both hollow structures
  • the lower end of the fertilization rod is provided with an annular groove
  • the annular groove is provided with a drain
  • the bottom of the fertilizing rod is provided with a tapered tip.
  • the top of the storage bucket is provided with a feeding port, and a filter screen is provided in the feeding port.
  • positioning claws are provided on both sides between the fixed bracket and the shunt, the positioning claw is fixedly connected to the guide rod through a positioning rod, a pressure sensor is arranged inside the positioning claw, and the pressure sensor covers There is a rubber pad, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller through a wire.
  • the invention provides an automatic fruit tree fertilizing machine, which can fertilize fruit trees by inserting a fertilizing rod into the soil through a control system and a driving component, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency and simple operation. It reduces the volatilization and loss of fertilizers and the loss caused by excess nutrients, is easy for fruit trees to absorb, has a high degree of automation, completely liberates the hands of fruit farmers, has great social benefits and market potential, and can meet market demand.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a top cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fertilization mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizing rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shunt in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilization mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 sports car 2 liquid storage tank, 3 support arm, 4 diverter, 5 fertilizer rod, 6 guide slide, 7 fertilizer pipeline, 8 manual valve, 9 electric control valve, 10 clamping hydraulic pump, 101 The first clamping oil port, 102 the second clamping oil port, 11 positioning oil cylinder, 12 pressing the hydraulic pump, 121 the first pressing oil port, 122 the second pressing oil port, 13 pressing the oil cylinder, 14 fixing bracket, 15 guide rod, 16 limit cone, 17 limit hole, 18 fertilizer port, 19 controller, 20 drain hole, 21 tapered tip, 22 feeding port, 23 positioning claw, 24 positioning rod, 25 pressure sensor, 26 Rubber pad, 501 straight fertilizing rod, 502 oblique fertilizing rod.
  • the present invention provides a fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator, including a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizing mechanism, the traveling system includes a sports vehicle 1, and the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage system The bucket 2, the liquid storage bucket 2 is used to store liquid fertilizer and water, the liquid storage bucket 2 is fixedly connected with the sports vehicle 1, the execution system includes a drive assembly, and the fertilization mechanism includes a support arm 3 and a diverter 4.
  • the fertilization rod 5 the sports car 1 is provided with a guide slide 6, the support arm 3 is mounted on the guide slide 6 and is slidably connected with the guide slide 6, and the drive assembly is connected to the support
  • the arm 3 is connected
  • the diverter 4 is installed on the inner side of the support arm 3
  • the fertilization rod 5 is arranged at the bottom of the diverter 4
  • the liquid storage bucket 2 is connected with the diverter 4 through a fertilization pipe fitting
  • the sports car 1 is provided with a control mechanism
  • the control mechanism is respectively connected with the sports car 1, the drive assembly and the fertilization pipe.
  • the control system controls the driving component to work, and the driving component drives the support arm 3 to move inward.
  • the support arm 3 drives the diverter 4 to move closer to the fruit tree, clamps the tree trunk, and then drives the diverter 4 and the fertilization rod 5 to move down through the drive assembly, pressing into the soil, and the liquid storage tank 2 passes through the fertilization pipe under the control of the control system.
  • the liquid fertilizer is delivered to the diverter 4, the fertilizer is transported to the fertilization rod 5 through the diverter 4, and the liquid fertilizer is discharged into the soil by the fertilization rod 5; It is pulled out from the soil, and finally, the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 are controlled by the drive assembly to move outward to loosen the tree trunk.
  • the fertilization work of a fruit tree is completed.
  • the fertilization rod 5 is inserted into the soil through the control system and the drive assembly to fertilize the fruit trees, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency, and easy operation. It is easy to be absorbed by fruit trees, has a high degree of automation, completely liberates the hands of fruit farmers, improves the efficiency of fertilization, and reduces labor intensity and labor costs.
  • the guide sliding seat is provided on the side wall of the sports vehicle.
  • the fertilization pipe fitting includes a fertilization pipeline 7, a manual valve 8 and an electric control valve 9, and the liquid storage tank 2 communicates with the diverter 4 through the fertilization pipeline 7, and the manual valve 8 and the electric control valve 9 are all installed on the fertilizer pipeline 7, the liquid fertilizer is installed in the liquid storage tank 2, the opening and closing of the liquid storage tank 2 is controlled by the electric control valve 9, and the liquid fertilizer is transferred by the fertilizer transmission pipeline 7. It is transported to the diverter 4, and then diverted into each fertilization rod 5 through the diverter 4, and the liquid fertilizer is discharged into the soil by the fertilization rod 5, and the manual valve 8 is installed to improve the operation performance of the device.
  • the drive assembly includes a clamping hydraulic pump 10 and a positioning oil cylinder 11 , the clamping hydraulic pump 10 is installed on the moving vehicle 1 , and the positioning oil cylinder 11 is installed on the In the guide slide 6, the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder 11 is connected with the support arm 3, the clamping hydraulic pump 10 and the positioning oil cylinder 11 are connected by an oil pipe, and the control mechanism controls the micro clamping hydraulic oil pump to work.
  • the positioning oil cylinder 11 When oil is fed from the clamping oil port 101 and oil is discharged from the second clamping oil port 102, the positioning oil cylinder 11 pushes the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 towards the fruit tree and clamps the tree trunk; when the first clamping oil port 101 discharges oil, the second When oil is fed into the second clamping oil port 102, the positioning oil cylinder 11 pushes the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 to move outward to loosen the trunk.
  • the driving assembly further includes a lower pressure hydraulic pump 12 and a lower pressure oil cylinder 13 , and two semi-arc-shaped fixing brackets 14 are arranged above the diverter 4 .
  • the support arm 3 is fixedly connected, the fixed bracket 14 and the diverter 4 are connected by a plurality of guide rods 15 , the guide rods 15 are fixedly connected with the fixed bracket 14 , and the diverter 4 slides with the guide rod 15 connection, the lower pressure oil cylinder 13 is penetrated on the fixed bracket 14 and the support arm 3, the piston rod of the lower pressure oil cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with the top of the diverter 4, the lower pressure hydraulic pump 12 and The lowering oil cylinder 13 is connected by an oil pipe.
  • the fixing bracket 14 is provided with a limit cone 16 and the other end is provided with a limit hole 17 .
  • the fixing brackets 14 on both sides are clamped through the limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17
  • the connection forms an annular shape, and the control mechanism controls the pressure hydraulic pump 12 to start working.
  • the first pressure oil port 121 enters oil
  • the second pressure oil port 122 discharges oil
  • the pressure oil cylinder 13 pushes
  • the piston rod moves downward, and the piston rod pushes the diverter 4 and the fertilization rod 5 to move down along the guide rod 15, presses the fertilization rod 5 into the soil, and raises the fertilization rod 5 to fertilize the fruit trees directly from the inside of the soil.
  • the pipes are all hoses, which can be adapted to move with them.
  • the flow divider 4 is a semi-annular hollow structure
  • the limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17 are correspondingly provided at the outer end of the flow divider 4
  • the flow dividers 4 on both sides pass through
  • the limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17 are snap-connected to form a ring shape
  • the outer ring surface of the diverter 4 is provided with a fertilizer transport interface 18, which is connected with the fertilizer transport pipeline 7, and the liquid storage tank 2 passes through the transport pipe.
  • the fertilizer pipeline 7 transports the liquid fertilizer into the diverter 4
  • the diverter 4 is feeding the fertilizer rod 5 .
  • the control mechanism is the controller 19, and the controller 19 adopts the commercially available PLC controller 19 of FX3U-128MR/ES-A.
  • the vehicle 1 , the electric control valve 9 , the clamping hydraulic pump 10 and the pressing hydraulic pump 12 are controlled.
  • the fertilization rod 5 includes a straight fertilization rod 501 and an oblique fertilization rod 502. Both the straight fertilization rod 501 and the oblique fertilization rod 502 are hollow structures. As shown in FIG. The lower end is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided with a drainage hole 20, the bottom of the fertilization rod 5 is provided with a conical tip 21, and the straight fertilization rod 5 and the oblique fertilization rod 5 can evenly distribute the fruit tree trunks. around, and can be inserted into the soil, so that the fertilizing rod 5 is closer to the root of the fruit tree, which is convenient for fruit tree absorption.
  • the tapered tip 21 improves the piercing effect of the fertilizing rod 5 and reduces the resistance.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the top of the storage barrel is provided with a feeding port 22 , and the feeding port 22 is provided with a filter screen, and the liquid is added to the storage barrel through the feeding port 22 Fertilizers, filters are used to filter impurities in the water to avoid clogging the system.
  • positioning claws 23 are provided on both sides between the fixing bracket 14 and the diverter 4 , and the positioning claws 23 are connected with the positioning rod 24 through the positioning rod 24 .
  • the guide rod 15 is fixedly connected, the positioning claw 23 is provided with a pressure sensor 25, the pressure sensor 25 is covered with a rubber pad 26, and the pressure sensor 25 is electrically connected to the controller 19 through a wire to clamp the hydraulic pressure.
  • the pressure sensor 25 transmits the feedback signal to the controller 19, and the controller 19 controls the micro clamping hydraulic pump 10 to stop working, And keep the current working position to keep the whole machine stable when working; a rubber pad 26 is also attached to the inner measurement of the positioning claw 23 to buffer the force on the fruit tree during clamping and avoid damage to the fruit tree.

Abstract

A fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator, comprising a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizer applying mechanism, wherein the traveling system comprises a moving vehicle; the liquid storage system comprises a liquid storage barrel, and the liquid storage barrel is fixedly connected to the moving vehicle; the execution system comprises a driving assembly; the fertilizer applying mechanism comprises a support arm, a flow divider and a fertilizer applying rod; the moving vehicle is provided with a sliding guide base; the support arm is mounted on the sliding guide base and slidably connected to the sliding guide base; the driving assembly is connected to the support arm; the flow divider is mounted on an inner side of the support arm; the fertilizer applying rod is arranged at the bottom of the flow divider; the liquid storage barrel is connected to the flow divider by means of a fertilizer applying pipe; and a control mechanism is arranged in the moving vehicle. The device directly applies fertilizer to fruit trees from the inside of soil, works stably, has a good effect and a high efficiency, and is simple and convenient to operate. In addition, the liquid fertilizer is directly applied around the root system of fruit trees, the fertilizer volatilization and loss can be reduced, the loss caused by excessive nutrients can be reduced, the fertilizer can be easily absorbed by the fruit trees, and the degree of automation is high.

Description

一种全自动果树施肥机A fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及属于农业机械技术领域,特别涉及一种全自动果树施肥机。The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator.
背景技术Background technique
液态肥是中国近年来一种新型的肥料,随着农业技术的不断发展,液态肥料不是普通的叶面肥,液态肥就是把固体肥料液体化,符合国家引导发展趋势,液态肥料不易伤根苗,溶解稀释不降温,施用后易均匀分布于土壤中,不像固体肥料形成集中施肥局部盐分高,稀释降温,伤根苗;液态肥可减少水分的下渗和蒸发,提高水分利用率。液态肥实现了平衡施肥和集中施肥,减少了肥料挥发和流失,以及养分过剩造成的损失,具有施肥简便、供肥及时、作物易于吸收、提高肥料利用率等优点。液态肥可以改善生态环境,增强微生物活性,促进作物对养分的吸收,提高作物的产量。因此,液体肥逐渐得到发展,相应的农业机械也不断得道升级和更新换代,各种液体肥施肥机械应孕而生。Liquid fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer in China in recent years. With the continuous development of agricultural technology, liquid fertilizer is not an ordinary foliar fertilizer. Liquid fertilizer is a liquefaction of solid fertilizer, which is in line with the national development trend. Liquid fertilizer is not easy to damage roots and seedlings. Dissolving and dilution does not cool down, and it is easy to distribute evenly in the soil after application, unlike solid fertilizers that form concentrated fertilization with high local salinity, dilution and cooling, and damage to roots and seedlings; liquid fertilizers can reduce water infiltration and evaporation, and improve water utilization. Liquid fertilizer realizes balanced fertilization and centralized fertilization, reduces fertilizer volatilization and loss, and losses caused by excess nutrients, and has the advantages of simple fertilization, timely fertilizer supply, easy absorption by crops, and improved fertilizer utilization. Liquid fertilizer can improve the ecological environment, enhance the activity of microorganisms, promote the absorption of nutrients by crops, and increase the yield of crops. Therefore, liquid fertilizer has gradually developed, and the corresponding agricultural machinery has also been continuously upgraded and replaced, and various liquid fertilizer fertilization machinery should be born.
专利文献CN111295991A公开了一种果树施肥装置,包括车身,所述车身底壁设有开口向下的活动腔,所述活动腔后侧壁上转动安装有转杆,所述转杆上安装有钻地装置,所述钻地装置包括于所述活动腔内固定安装于所述转杆上的转动块,所述转动块上转动安装有上下贯穿的刀片轴,所述刀片轴下侧固定安装有螺旋刀具,所述刀片轴于所述转动块上侧固定安装有活动锥齿轮,所述车身于所述活动腔左侧设有传动腔,所述传动腔内设有控制动力的传动装置,所述传动腔上侧设有开口向上的升降槽,所述升降槽内滑动安装有升降杆。该 装置结构简单,操作方便,通过副电机进行控制刀具的转动和啮合连接,减少装置的空间同时方便进行挖坑工作,也可保护装置减少刀具损伤;装置在带动刀具进行转动工作的同时通过蜗杆转轴使肥料在搅拌腔中进行搅拌方便排出同时控制隔板周期正反转动使肥料周期排出,使肥料可和土壤充分混合;通过压杆进行控制升降杆的升降,同时可控制升降高度适应果树,通过和果树枝叶的接触使喷管和导管接触从而进行喷洒,减少肥料的浪费,使肥料更多的和果树接触。Patent document CN111295991A discloses a fruit tree fertilizing device, including a body, the bottom wall of the body is provided with a movable cavity with a downward opening, a rotating rod is rotatably installed on the rear side wall of the movable cavity, and a drill is installed on the rotating rod. The ground drilling device includes a rotating block fixedly installed on the rotating rod in the movable cavity, the rotating block is rotatably installed with a blade shaft that penetrates up and down, and the lower side of the blade shaft is fixedly installed with a rotating block. Screw cutter, the blade shaft is fixedly installed with a movable bevel gear on the upper side of the rotating block, the body is provided with a transmission cavity on the left side of the movable cavity, and the transmission cavity is provided with a transmission device for controlling power, so The upper side of the transmission cavity is provided with a lifting groove with an upward opening, and a lifting rod is slidably installed in the lifting groove. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The rotation and meshing connection of the tool is controlled by the auxiliary motor, which reduces the space of the device and facilitates digging, and can also protect the device and reduce tool damage; the device drives the tool to rotate through the worm. The rotating shaft enables the fertilizer to be stirred in the mixing chamber for convenient discharge, and controls the periodic positive and negative rotation of the clapboard to discharge the fertilizer periodically, so that the fertilizer can be fully mixed with the soil; the lifting rod is controlled by the pressure rod, and the lifting height can be controlled to adapt to the fruit trees. Through the contact with the fruit branches and leaves, the nozzle and the conduit are in contact to spray, reducing the waste of fertilizer and making the fertilizer more contact with the fruit trees.
专利文献CN210694832U公开了一种果树栽培施肥装置,包括料仓,料仓顶端的一侧固定设有料斗,料仓的一侧固定设有推杆,料仓底端的一侧开设有出料口,出料口的底端固定设有出料管,出料管的底端与三个分流管的顶端固定连接,料仓的另一侧固定设有外壳,外壳的内部通过电池架固定设有蓄电池,外壳一侧的底部固定安装有立板,本实用新型一种果树栽培施肥装置,工作人员在果园内推动推杆时,通过减速电机驱动转轮转动,转轮可带动料仓移动,节省了人力,转轮停止转动后,工作人员的双手离开推杆,可通过两个支撑腿对料仓进行支撑,通过料仓可用来存放肥料,通过料斗便于往料仓内送料,通过在立板的一侧设置松土筢,可对土壤进行松土。Patent document CN210694832U discloses a fertilization device for fruit tree cultivation, including a silo, a hopper is fixed on one side of the top of the silo, a push rod is fixed on one side of the silo, and a discharge port is opened on one side of the bottom end of the silo. The bottom end of the discharge port is fixed with a discharge pipe, the bottom end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected with the top of the three shunt pipes, the other side of the silo is fixed with a casing, and the interior of the casing is fixed with a battery through a battery frame The bottom of one side of the shell is fixedly installed with a vertical plate. The utility model is a fertilization device for fruit tree cultivation. When the staff pushes the push rod in the orchard, the runner is driven to rotate by the deceleration motor, and the runner can drive the silo to move, saving energy. Manpower, after the runner stops rotating, the hands of the staff leave the push rod, and the silo can be supported by two support legs. A loosening shackle is set on one side to loosen the soil.
现有的机械具备施液态肥的功能,但施肥的形式受到限制,对于大型的机械,不便于在果园行走,而且都是地面施肥。对于一些小型的机械,自动化程度不高,施肥时需要人工辅助,在对果树进行施肥时,需要多次进行,劳动强度大。因此,对于专门用于果园果树的施肥机械还存在着功能不全、工作范围不广、工作效率低下、工作条件受限的技术不足等情况。The existing machinery has the function of applying liquid fertilizer, but the form of fertilization is limited. For large-scale machinery, it is inconvenient to walk in the orchard, and the fertilizer is applied on the ground. For some small machines, the degree of automation is not high, and manual assistance is required during fertilization. When fertilizing fruit trees, it needs to be performed many times, which is labor-intensive. Therefore, for the fertilization machinery specially used for fruit trees in orchards, there are still problems such as insufficiency of functions, limited working scope, low working efficiency, and limited working conditions.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
鉴以此,本发明提供了一种全自动果树施肥机,直接从土壤内部对果树施肥,工作稳定,效果好,效率高,操作简便,液态肥直接施在果树根系周围,能减少肥料挥发和流失,以及养分过剩造成的损失,易于果树吸收,自动化程度高,完全解放果农的双手,具有很大的社会效益和市场潜力。In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator, which directly fertilizes fruit trees from the inside of the soil, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency, and easy operation. Liquid fertilizer is directly applied around the root system of fruit trees, which can reduce fertilizer volatilization and pollution. It is easy to be absorbed by fruit trees and has a high degree of automation, completely liberating the hands of fruit farmers, and has great social benefits and market potential.
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
本发明提供了一种全自动果树施肥机,包括行驶系统,储液系统,执行系统和施肥机构,其特征在于,所述行驶系统包括运动车,所述储液系统包括储液桶,所述储液桶与所述运动车固定连接,所述执行系统包括驱动组件,所述施肥机构包括支撑臂、分流器和施肥杆,所述运动车设有导滑座,所述支撑臂安装在所述导滑座上且与所述导滑座滑动连接,所述驱动组件与所述支撑臂连接,所述分流器安装在所述支撑臂的内侧,所述施肥杆设在所述分流器的底部,所述储液桶通过施肥管件与所述分流器连接,所述运动车内设有控制机构,所述控制机构分别与所述运动车、驱动组件和施肥管件连接。The present invention provides a fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer spreader, comprising a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizing mechanism, characterized in that the traveling system includes a sports vehicle, the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage bucket, and the The liquid storage tank is fixedly connected with the sports car, the execution system includes a drive assembly, the fertilization mechanism includes a support arm, a diverter and a fertilization rod, the sports car is provided with a guide sliding seat, and the support arm is installed on the The guide slide is on and slidably connected with the guide slide, the drive assembly is connected with the support arm, the diverter is installed on the inner side of the support arm, and the fertilization rod is arranged on the inner side of the diverter. At the bottom, the liquid storage bucket is connected to the diverter through a fertilization pipe fitting, and a control mechanism is arranged in the sports car, and the control mechanism is respectively connected with the sports car, the drive assembly and the fertilization pipe fitting.
优选的,所述运动车的侧壁设有所述导滑座。Preferably, the guide sliding seat is provided on the side wall of the sports vehicle.
优选的,所述施肥管件包括输肥管道、手动阀门和电动控制阀,所述储液桶通过输肥管道与所述分流器连通,所述手动阀门和电动控制阀均安装在所述输肥管道上。Preferably, the fertilization pipe includes a fertilization pipeline, a manual valve and an electric control valve, the liquid storage tank is communicated with the diverter through the fertilization pipeline, and both the manual valve and the electric control valve are installed in the fertilization pipeline. on the pipeline.
优选的,所述驱动组件包括卡紧液压泵和定位油缸,所述卡紧液压泵安装在所述运动车上,所述定位油缸安装在所述导滑座内,所述定位油缸的活塞杆与所述支撑臂连接,所述卡紧液压泵和定位油缸通过油管连接。Preferably, the drive assembly includes a clamping hydraulic pump and a positioning oil cylinder, the clamping hydraulic pump is installed on the moving vehicle, the positioning oil cylinder is installed in the guide sliding seat, and the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder Connected with the support arm, the clamping hydraulic pump and the positioning oil cylinder are connected through an oil pipe.
优选的,所述驱动组件还包括下压液压泵和下压油缸,所述分流器的上方设有两个半弧形的固定支架,所述固定支架与所述支撑臂固定连接,所述固定 支架和分流器通过若干导向杆连接,所述导向杆与所述固定支架固定连接,所述分流器与所述导向杆滑动连接,所述下压油缸穿设在所述固定支架和支撑臂上,所述下压油缸的活塞杆与所述分流器的顶部固定连接,所述下压液压泵和下压油缸通过油管连接,所述固定支架的一端设有限位锥,另一端设有限位孔,两侧的所述固定支架通过所述限位锥和限位孔卡接。Preferably, the drive assembly further includes a lower-pressure hydraulic pump and a lower-pressure oil cylinder, two semi-arc-shaped fixing brackets are arranged above the diverter, the fixing brackets are fixedly connected with the support arm, and the fixing brackets are The bracket and the diverter are connected by a plurality of guide rods, the guide rods are fixedly connected with the fixed bracket, the diverter is slidably connected with the guide rod, and the lower pressure cylinder is penetrated on the fixed bracket and the support arm , the piston rod of the lower pressure oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the shunt, the lower pressure hydraulic pump and the lower pressure oil cylinder are connected by an oil pipe, one end of the fixed bracket is provided with a limit cone, and the other end is provided with a limit hole , the fixing brackets on both sides are clamped through the limiting cone and the limiting hole.
优选的,所述分流器为半环形的中空结构,所述分流器的外端同样设有所述限位锥和限位孔,两侧的所述分流器通过所述限位锥和限位孔卡接,所述分流器外环面上设有输肥接口,所述接口与所述输肥管道连接。Preferably, the shunt is a semi-annular hollow structure, the outer end of the shunt is also provided with the limiting cone and the limiting hole, and the shunts on both sides pass through the limiting cone and the limiting hole. The holes are clamped, and the outer ring surface of the diverter is provided with a fertilizer conveying interface, and the interface is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipeline.
优选的,所述控制机构为PLC控制器。Preferably, the control mechanism is a PLC controller.
优选的,所述施肥杆包括直施肥杆和斜施肥杆,所述直施肥杆和斜施肥杆均为中空结构,所述施肥杆的下端设有环形槽,所述环形槽内设有排液孔,所述施肥杆的底部设有锥形尖端。Preferably, the fertilization rod includes a straight fertilization rod and an oblique fertilization rod, the straight fertilization rod and the oblique fertilization rod are both hollow structures, the lower end of the fertilization rod is provided with an annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with a drain The bottom of the fertilizing rod is provided with a tapered tip.
优选的,所述储料桶的顶部设有加料口,所述加料口内设有滤网。Preferably, the top of the storage bucket is provided with a feeding port, and a filter screen is provided in the feeding port.
优选的,所述固定支架和分流器之间的两侧设有定位爪,所述定位爪通过定位杆与所述导向杆固定连接,所述定位爪内部设有压力传感器,所述压力传感器覆盖有橡胶垫,所述压力传感器通过导线与所述控制器电连接。Preferably, positioning claws are provided on both sides between the fixed bracket and the shunt, the positioning claw is fixedly connected to the guide rod through a positioning rod, a pressure sensor is arranged inside the positioning claw, and the pressure sensor covers There is a rubber pad, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller through a wire.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明提供了一种全自动果树施肥机,通过控制系统和驱动组件将施肥杆插入土壤内部对果树施肥,工作稳定,效果好,效率高,操作简便,液态肥直接施在果树根系周围,能减少肥料挥发和流失,以及养分过剩造成的损失,易于果树吸收,自动化程度高,完全解放果农的双手,具有很大的社会效益和市场潜力,能够满足市场需求。The invention provides an automatic fruit tree fertilizing machine, which can fertilize fruit trees by inserting a fertilizing rod into the soil through a control system and a driving component, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency and simple operation. It reduces the volatilization and loss of fertilizers and the loss caused by excess nutrients, is easy for fruit trees to absorb, has a high degree of automation, completely liberates the hands of fruit farmers, has great social benefits and market potential, and can meet market demand.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的优选实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本发明的实施例一的整体结构示意图;1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明的实施例一的正面结构示意图;2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明的实施例一的顶面剖视图;3 is a top cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图4为本发明的实施例一中施肥机构的立体结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fertilization mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明的实施例一中施肥杆的结构示意图;5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizing rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图6为本发明的实施例一中分流器的内部结构示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shunt in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图7为本发明的实施例二的结构示意图;7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图8为本发明的实施例三的结构示意图;8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图9为本发明的实施例三中施肥机构的结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilization mechanism in the third embodiment of the present invention.
图中,1运动车,2储液桶,3支撑臂,4分流器,5施肥杆,6导滑座,7输肥管道,8手动阀门,9电动控制阀,10卡紧液压泵,101第一卡紧油口,102第二卡紧油口,11定位油缸,12下压液压泵,121第一下压油口,122第二下压油口,13下压油缸,14固定支架,15导向杆,16限位锥,17限位孔,18输肥接口,19控制器,20排液孔,21锥形尖端,22加料口,23定位爪,24定位杆,25压力传感器,26橡胶垫,501直施肥杆,502斜施肥杆。In the figure, 1 sports car, 2 liquid storage tank, 3 support arm, 4 diverter, 5 fertilizer rod, 6 guide slide, 7 fertilizer pipeline, 8 manual valve, 9 electric control valve, 10 clamping hydraulic pump, 101 The first clamping oil port, 102 the second clamping oil port, 11 positioning oil cylinder, 12 pressing the hydraulic pump, 121 the first pressing oil port, 122 the second pressing oil port, 13 pressing the oil cylinder, 14 fixing bracket, 15 guide rod, 16 limit cone, 17 limit hole, 18 fertilizer port, 19 controller, 20 drain hole, 21 tapered tip, 22 feeding port, 23 positioning claw, 24 positioning rod, 25 pressure sensor, 26 Rubber pad, 501 straight fertilizing rod, 502 oblique fertilizing rod.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,并结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明。In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below, and the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例一Example 1
参见图1至图6,本发明提供了一种全自动果树施肥机,包括行驶系统,储液系统,执行系统和施肥机构,所述行驶系统包括运动车1,所述储液系统包括储液桶2,储液桶2用于储存液体肥料和水,所述储液桶2与所述运动车1固定连接,所述执行系统包括驱动组件,所述施肥机构包括支撑臂3、分流器4和施肥杆5,所述运动车1设有导滑座6,所述支撑臂3安装在所述导滑座6上且与所述导滑座6滑动连接,所述驱动组件与所述支撑臂3连接,所述分流器4安装在所述支撑臂3的内侧,所述施肥杆5设在所述分流器4的底部,所述储液桶2通过施肥管件与所述分流器4连接,所述运动车1内设有控制机构,所述控制机构分别与所述运动车1、驱动组件和施肥管件连接。Referring to Figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator, including a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizing mechanism, the traveling system includes a sports vehicle 1, and the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage system The bucket 2, the liquid storage bucket 2 is used to store liquid fertilizer and water, the liquid storage bucket 2 is fixedly connected with the sports vehicle 1, the execution system includes a drive assembly, and the fertilization mechanism includes a support arm 3 and a diverter 4. And the fertilization rod 5, the sports car 1 is provided with a guide slide 6, the support arm 3 is mounted on the guide slide 6 and is slidably connected with the guide slide 6, and the drive assembly is connected to the support The arm 3 is connected, the diverter 4 is installed on the inner side of the support arm 3, the fertilization rod 5 is arranged at the bottom of the diverter 4, and the liquid storage bucket 2 is connected with the diverter 4 through a fertilization pipe fitting , the sports car 1 is provided with a control mechanism, and the control mechanism is respectively connected with the sports car 1, the drive assembly and the fertilization pipe.
工作时,启动电源,可通过遥控手柄等调控所述控制系统,控制运动车1整机前进,待运动车1前进到位后,通过控制系统控制驱动组件工作,驱动组件带动支撑臂3向里移动,支撑臂3带动分流器4向果树靠拢,夹紧树干,随后通过驱动组件带动分流器4和施肥杆5向下移动,压入土壤内部,储液桶2在控制系统的控制下通过施肥管件向分流器4输送液体肥料,通过分流器4将肥料输送给施肥杆5,由施肥杆5将液体肥料排放到土壤中;待施肥结束后,控制系统通过驱动组件将分流器4和施肥杆5从土壤中抽出,最后再由驱动组件控制支撑臂3和分流器4向外移动松开树干,至此,完成一棵果树的施肥工作。通过控制系统和驱动组件将施肥杆5插入土壤内部对果树施肥,工作稳定,效果好,效率高,操作简便,液态肥直接施在果树根系周围,能减少肥料挥发和流失,以及养分过剩造成的损失,易于果树吸收,自动化程度高,完全解放果农的双手,提高施肥效率,同时降低了劳动强度和劳动成本。When working, start the power supply, and control the control system through the remote control handle, etc., to control the whole machine of the sports car 1 to move forward. After the sports car 1 advances to the position, the control system controls the driving component to work, and the driving component drives the support arm 3 to move inward. , the support arm 3 drives the diverter 4 to move closer to the fruit tree, clamps the tree trunk, and then drives the diverter 4 and the fertilization rod 5 to move down through the drive assembly, pressing into the soil, and the liquid storage tank 2 passes through the fertilization pipe under the control of the control system. The liquid fertilizer is delivered to the diverter 4, the fertilizer is transported to the fertilization rod 5 through the diverter 4, and the liquid fertilizer is discharged into the soil by the fertilization rod 5; It is pulled out from the soil, and finally, the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 are controlled by the drive assembly to move outward to loosen the tree trunk. At this point, the fertilization work of a fruit tree is completed. The fertilization rod 5 is inserted into the soil through the control system and the drive assembly to fertilize the fruit trees, with stable work, good effect, high efficiency, and easy operation. It is easy to be absorbed by fruit trees, has a high degree of automation, completely liberates the hands of fruit farmers, improves the efficiency of fertilization, and reduces labor intensity and labor costs.
如图1至图6所示,所述运动车的侧壁设有所述导滑座。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 , the guide sliding seat is provided on the side wall of the sports vehicle.
如图2、3所示,所述施肥管件包括输肥管道7、手动阀门8和电动控制阀 9,所述储液桶2通过输肥管道7与所述分流器4连通,所述手动阀门8和电动控制阀9均安装在所述输肥管道7上,液态肥料装在储液桶2中,通过电动控制阀9控制储液桶2的开和关,通过输肥管道7将液态肥料输送到分流器4,再通过分流器4分流进入到各个施肥杆5中,由施肥杆5将液态肥料排放到土壤中,安装手动阀门8提高本装置的操作性能。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fertilization pipe fitting includes a fertilization pipeline 7, a manual valve 8 and an electric control valve 9, and the liquid storage tank 2 communicates with the diverter 4 through the fertilization pipeline 7, and the manual valve 8 and the electric control valve 9 are all installed on the fertilizer pipeline 7, the liquid fertilizer is installed in the liquid storage tank 2, the opening and closing of the liquid storage tank 2 is controlled by the electric control valve 9, and the liquid fertilizer is transferred by the fertilizer transmission pipeline 7. It is transported to the diverter 4, and then diverted into each fertilization rod 5 through the diverter 4, and the liquid fertilizer is discharged into the soil by the fertilization rod 5, and the manual valve 8 is installed to improve the operation performance of the device.
如图2、3、4所示,所述驱动组件包括卡紧液压泵10和定位油缸11,所述卡紧液压泵10安装在所述运动车1上,所述定位油缸11安装在所述导滑座6内,所述定位油缸11的活塞杆与所述支撑臂3连接,所述卡紧液压泵10和定位油缸11通过油管连接,控制机构控制微型卡紧液压油泵工作,当第一卡紧油口101进油,第二卡紧油口102排油时,定位油缸11推动支撑臂3和分流器4向果树靠拢,夹紧树干;当第一卡紧油口101排油,第二卡紧油口102进油时,定位油缸11推动支撑臂3和分流器4向外移动松开树干。As shown in FIGS. 2 , 3 and 4 , the drive assembly includes a clamping hydraulic pump 10 and a positioning oil cylinder 11 , the clamping hydraulic pump 10 is installed on the moving vehicle 1 , and the positioning oil cylinder 11 is installed on the In the guide slide 6, the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder 11 is connected with the support arm 3, the clamping hydraulic pump 10 and the positioning oil cylinder 11 are connected by an oil pipe, and the control mechanism controls the micro clamping hydraulic oil pump to work. When oil is fed from the clamping oil port 101 and oil is discharged from the second clamping oil port 102, the positioning oil cylinder 11 pushes the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 towards the fruit tree and clamps the tree trunk; when the first clamping oil port 101 discharges oil, the second When oil is fed into the second clamping oil port 102, the positioning oil cylinder 11 pushes the support arm 3 and the diverter 4 to move outward to loosen the trunk.
如图2、3所示,所述驱动组件还包括下压液压泵12和下压油缸13,所述分流器4的上方设有两个半弧形的固定支架14,所述固定支架14与所述支撑臂3固定连接,所述固定支架14和分流器4通过若干导向杆15连接,所述导向杆15与所述固定支架14固定连接,所述分流器4与所述导向杆15滑动连接,所述下压油缸13穿设在所述固定支架14和支撑臂3上,所述下压油缸13的活塞杆与所述分流器4的顶部固定连接,所述下压液压泵12和下压油缸13通过油管连接,所述固定支架14的一端设有限位锥16,另一端设有限位孔17,两侧的所述固定支架14通过所述限位锥16和限位孔17卡接形成环形,控制机构控制下压液压泵12开始工作,此时,如图4所示,第一下压油口121进油,第二下压油口122出油时,下压油缸13推动活塞杆向下运动,活塞杆推动分流器4和施肥杆5沿着导向杆15向下移动,将施肥杆5压入土壤内部,提高施肥杆5 直接从土壤内部对果树进行施肥,本装置的管道均采用软管,能够适应性地跟着移动。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the driving assembly further includes a lower pressure hydraulic pump 12 and a lower pressure oil cylinder 13 , and two semi-arc-shaped fixing brackets 14 are arranged above the diverter 4 . The support arm 3 is fixedly connected, the fixed bracket 14 and the diverter 4 are connected by a plurality of guide rods 15 , the guide rods 15 are fixedly connected with the fixed bracket 14 , and the diverter 4 slides with the guide rod 15 connection, the lower pressure oil cylinder 13 is penetrated on the fixed bracket 14 and the support arm 3, the piston rod of the lower pressure oil cylinder 13 is fixedly connected with the top of the diverter 4, the lower pressure hydraulic pump 12 and The lowering oil cylinder 13 is connected by an oil pipe. One end of the fixing bracket 14 is provided with a limit cone 16 and the other end is provided with a limit hole 17 . The fixing brackets 14 on both sides are clamped through the limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17 The connection forms an annular shape, and the control mechanism controls the pressure hydraulic pump 12 to start working. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4 , the first pressure oil port 121 enters oil, and when the second pressure oil port 122 discharges oil, the pressure oil cylinder 13 pushes The piston rod moves downward, and the piston rod pushes the diverter 4 and the fertilization rod 5 to move down along the guide rod 15, presses the fertilization rod 5 into the soil, and raises the fertilization rod 5 to fertilize the fruit trees directly from the inside of the soil. The pipes are all hoses, which can be adapted to move with them.
如图6所示,所述分流器4为半环形的中空结构,所述分流器4的外端相应设有所述限位锥16和限位孔17,两侧的所述分流器4通过所述限位锥16和限位孔17卡接形成环形,所述分流器4外环面上设有输肥接口18,所述接口与所述输肥管道7连接,储液桶2通过输肥管道7将液态肥料输送到分流器4内,分流器4在输送给施肥杆5。As shown in FIG. 6 , the flow divider 4 is a semi-annular hollow structure, the limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17 are correspondingly provided at the outer end of the flow divider 4 , and the flow dividers 4 on both sides pass through The limit cone 16 and the limit hole 17 are snap-connected to form a ring shape, and the outer ring surface of the diverter 4 is provided with a fertilizer transport interface 18, which is connected with the fertilizer transport pipeline 7, and the liquid storage tank 2 passes through the transport pipe. The fertilizer pipeline 7 transports the liquid fertilizer into the diverter 4 , and the diverter 4 is feeding the fertilizer rod 5 .
如图3所示,所述控制机构为控制器19,所述控制器19采用市售的FX3U-128MR/ES-A的PLC控制器19,通过控制器19加外置遥控手柄等,对运动车1、电动控制阀9、卡紧液压泵10和下压液压泵12进行控制。As shown in FIG. 3 , the control mechanism is the controller 19, and the controller 19 adopts the commercially available PLC controller 19 of FX3U-128MR/ES-A. The vehicle 1 , the electric control valve 9 , the clamping hydraulic pump 10 and the pressing hydraulic pump 12 are controlled.
如图4所示,所述施肥杆5包括直施肥杆501和斜施肥杆502,所述直施肥杆501和斜施肥杆502均为中空结构,如图5所示,所述施肥杆5的下端设有环形槽,所述环形槽内设有排液孔20,所述施肥杆5的底部设有锥形尖端21,直施肥杆5和斜施肥杆5两种施肥杆能够均匀分布果树树干周围,并能够插在土壤内部,从而使得施肥杆5更靠近果树根部,便于果树吸收,锥形尖端21提高施肥杆5的穿刺效果,降低阻力,通过排液孔20向外施加液态肥料。As shown in FIG. 4 , the fertilization rod 5 includes a straight fertilization rod 501 and an oblique fertilization rod 502. Both the straight fertilization rod 501 and the oblique fertilization rod 502 are hollow structures. As shown in FIG. The lower end is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided with a drainage hole 20, the bottom of the fertilization rod 5 is provided with a conical tip 21, and the straight fertilization rod 5 and the oblique fertilization rod 5 can evenly distribute the fruit tree trunks. around, and can be inserted into the soil, so that the fertilizing rod 5 is closer to the root of the fruit tree, which is convenient for fruit tree absorption. The tapered tip 21 improves the piercing effect of the fertilizing rod 5 and reduces the resistance.
实施例二 Embodiment 2
参见图7,本实施例与实施例一的区别在于,所述储料桶的顶部设有加料口22,所述加料口22内设有滤网,通过加料口22对储料桶进行添加液态肥料,滤网用于过滤水中的杂质,避免堵塞系统。Referring to FIG. 7 , the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the top of the storage barrel is provided with a feeding port 22 , and the feeding port 22 is provided with a filter screen, and the liquid is added to the storage barrel through the feeding port 22 Fertilizers, filters are used to filter impurities in the water to avoid clogging the system.
实施例三 Embodiment 3
参见图8至图9,本实施例与实施例一和二的区别在于,所述固定支架14和分流器4之间的两侧设有定位爪23,所述定位爪23通过定位杆24与所述导 向杆15固定连接,所述定位爪23内部设有压力传感器25,所述压力传感器25覆盖有橡胶垫26,所述压力传感器25通过导线与所述控制器19电连接,卡紧液压泵10和定位油缸11推动定位爪23夹紧树干时,当夹紧力达到设定值时,压力传感器25将反馈信号传送到控制器19,控制器19控制微型卡紧液压泵10停止工作,并保持当前的工位,使整机工作时保持稳定;在定位爪23的内测还贴有橡胶垫26,以缓冲夹紧时对果树的力,避免损伤果树。Referring to FIGS. 8 to 9 , the difference between this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that positioning claws 23 are provided on both sides between the fixing bracket 14 and the diverter 4 , and the positioning claws 23 are connected with the positioning rod 24 through the positioning rod 24 . The guide rod 15 is fixedly connected, the positioning claw 23 is provided with a pressure sensor 25, the pressure sensor 25 is covered with a rubber pad 26, and the pressure sensor 25 is electrically connected to the controller 19 through a wire to clamp the hydraulic pressure. When the pump 10 and the positioning cylinder 11 push the positioning claw 23 to clamp the tree trunk, when the clamping force reaches the set value, the pressure sensor 25 transmits the feedback signal to the controller 19, and the controller 19 controls the micro clamping hydraulic pump 10 to stop working, And keep the current working position to keep the whole machine stable when working; a rubber pad 26 is also attached to the inner measurement of the positioning claw 23 to buffer the force on the fruit tree during clamping and avoid damage to the fruit tree.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种全自动果树施肥机,包括行驶系统、储液系统、执行系统和施肥机构,其特征在于,所述行驶系统包括运动车(1),所述储液系统包括储液桶(2),所述储液桶(2)与所述运动车(1)固定连接,所述执行系统包括驱动组件,所述施肥机构包括支撑臂(3)、分流器(4)和施肥杆(5),所述运动车(1)设有导滑座(6),所述支撑臂(3)安装在所述导滑座(6)上且与所述导滑座(6)滑动连接,所述驱动组件与所述支撑臂(3)连接,所述分流器(4)安装在所述支撑臂(3)的内侧,所述施肥杆(5)设在所述分流器(4)的底部,所述储液桶(2)通过施肥管件与所述分流器(4)连接,所述运动车(1)内设有控制机构,所述控制机构分别与所述运动车(1)、驱动组件和施肥管件连接。An automatic fruit tree fertilizing machine, comprising a traveling system, a liquid storage system, an execution system and a fertilizing mechanism, characterized in that, the traveling system includes a sports vehicle (1), and the liquid storage system includes a liquid storage bucket (2), The liquid storage tank (2) is fixedly connected with the sports vehicle (1), the execution system includes a drive assembly, and the fertilization mechanism includes a support arm (3), a diverter (4) and a fertilization rod (5), The sports car (1) is provided with a guide slide (6), the support arm (3) is mounted on the guide slide (6) and is slidably connected with the guide slide (6), and the drive The assembly is connected with the support arm (3), the flow divider (4) is installed on the inner side of the support arm (3), and the fertilization rod (5) is arranged at the bottom of the flow divider (4), so The liquid storage bucket (2) is connected with the diverter (4) through a fertilization pipe fitting, and a control mechanism is arranged in the sports car (1), and the control mechanism is respectively connected with the sports car (1), the drive assembly and the control mechanism. Fertilizer fittings connection.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述运动车(1)的侧壁设有所述导滑座(6)。The fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the guide sliding seat (6) is provided on the side wall of the sports vehicle (1).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述施肥管件包括输肥管道(7)、手动阀门(8)和电动控制阀(9),所述储液桶(2)通过输肥管道(7)与所述分流器(4)连通,所述手动阀门(8)和电动控制阀(9)均安装在所述输肥管道(7)上。The fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the fertilization pipe fitting comprises a fertilization pipeline (7), a manual valve (8) and an electric control valve (9), and the liquid storage bucket ( 2) communicate with the diverter (4) through a fertilizer conveying pipeline (7), and both the manual valve (8) and the electric control valve (9) are installed on the fertilizer conveying pipeline (7).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述驱动组件包括卡紧液压泵(10)和定位油缸(11),所述卡紧液压泵(10)安装在所述运动车(1)上,所述定位油缸(11)安装在所述导滑座(6)内,所述定位油缸(11)的活塞杆与所述支撑臂(3)连接,所述卡紧液压泵(10)和定位油缸(11)通过油管连接。The automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drive assembly comprises a clamping hydraulic pump (10) and a positioning oil cylinder (11), and the clamping hydraulic pump (10) is installed in the On the sports vehicle (1), the positioning oil cylinder (11) is installed in the guide sliding seat (6), the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder (11) is connected with the support arm (3), and the clamping The tightening hydraulic pump (10) and the positioning oil cylinder (11) are connected through an oil pipe.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述驱动组件还包括下压液压泵(12)和下压油缸(13),所述分流器(4)的上方设有两个半弧形的固定支架(14),所述固定支架(14)与所述支撑臂(3)固定连接, 所述固定支架(14)和分流器(4)通过若干导向杆(15)连接,所述导向杆(15)与所述固定支架(14)固定连接,所述分流器(4)与所述导向杆(15)滑动连接,所述下压油缸(13)穿设在所述固定支架(14)和支撑臂(3)上,所述下压油缸(13)的活塞杆与所述分流器(4)的顶部固定连接,所述下压液压泵(12)和下压油缸(13)通过油管连接,所述固定支架(14)的一端设有限位锥(16),另一端设有限位孔(17),两侧的所述固定支架(14)通过所述限位锥(16)和限位孔(17)卡接。The fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 4, characterized in that the drive assembly further comprises a lower pressure hydraulic pump (12) and a lower pressure oil cylinder (13), and the upper part of the diverter (4) is provided with a lower pressure hydraulic pump (12) and a lower pressure oil cylinder (13). There are two semi-arc-shaped fixing brackets (14), the fixing brackets (14) are fixedly connected with the support arm (3), and the fixing brackets (14) and the shunt (4) pass through several guide rods (15) ) connection, the guide rod (15) is fixedly connected with the fixing bracket (14), the diverter (4) is slidably connected with the guide rod (15), and the lower pressure cylinder (13) is inserted through the On the fixed bracket (14) and the support arm (3), the piston rod of the lower pressure oil cylinder (13) is fixedly connected with the top of the flow divider (4), the lower pressure hydraulic pump (12) and the lower pressure The oil pressure cylinder (13) is connected by an oil pipe, one end of the fixing bracket (14) is provided with a limit cone (16), and the other end is provided with a limit hole (17), and the fixing brackets (14) on both sides pass through the limiter hole (17). The position cone (16) is clamped with the limit hole (17).
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述分流器(4)为半环形的中空结构,所述分流器(4)的外端同样设有所述限位锥(16)和限位孔(17),两侧的所述分流器(4)通过所述限位锥(16)和限位孔(17)卡接,所述分流器(4)外环面上设有输肥接口(18),所述接口与所述输肥管道(7)连接。An automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 5, characterized in that the diverter (4) is a semi-annular hollow structure, and the outer end of the diverter (4) is also provided with the limiter A cone (16) and a limit hole (17), the diverters (4) on both sides are clamped through the limit cone (16) and the limit hole (17), and the outer ring of the diverter (4) A fertilizer conveying interface (18) is arranged on the surface, and the interface is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipeline (7).
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述控制机构为PLC控制器(19)。The automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism is a PLC controller (19).
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述施肥杆(5)包括直施肥杆(5)和斜施肥杆(5),所述直施肥杆(5)和斜施肥杆(5)均为中空结构,所述施肥杆(5)的下端设有环形槽,所述环形槽内设有排液孔(2)0,所述施肥杆(5)的底部设有锥形尖端(21)。The fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, wherein the fertilization rod (5) comprises a straight fertilization rod (5) and an oblique fertilization rod (5), and the straight fertilization rod (5) and The oblique fertilization rods (5) are all hollow structures, the lower end of the fertilization rod (5) is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is provided with a drainage hole (2) 0, and the bottom of the fertilization rod (5) is provided with an annular groove. Has a tapered tip (21).
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述储料桶的顶部设有加料口(22),所述加料口(22)内设有滤网。The automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that a feeding port (22) is provided on the top of the storage bucket, and a filter screen is provided in the feeding port (22).
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种全自动果树施肥机,其特征在于,所述固定支架(14)和分流器(4)之间的两侧设有定位爪(23),所述定位爪(23)通过定位杆(24)与所述导向杆(15)固定连接,所述定位爪(23)内部设有压 力传感器(25),所述压力传感器(25)覆盖有橡胶垫(26),所述压力传感器(25)通过导线与所述控制器(19)电连接。The automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that, positioning claws (23) are provided on both sides between the fixed bracket (14) and the diverter (4), and the positioning claws ( 23) The positioning rod (24) is fixedly connected with the guide rod (15), the positioning claw (23) is provided with a pressure sensor (25) inside, and the pressure sensor (25) is covered with a rubber pad (26), The pressure sensor (25) is electrically connected to the controller (19) through a wire.
PCT/CN2021/095626 2020-07-31 2021-05-25 Fully automatic fruit tree fertilizer applicator WO2022022031A1 (en)

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CN115053737A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-09-16 山东永盛农业发展有限公司 Root irrigation device for tomato planting disease and pest control
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CN115088420A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-09-23 济宁市林业保护和发展服务中心 Small-size orchard fruit tree root soil drilling fertilizer injection unit
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CN114568098A (en) * 2022-03-23 2022-06-03 重庆丘勤农业开发有限公司 Pear tree fertilizer injection unit
CN114568098B (en) * 2022-03-23 2023-09-19 重庆丘勤农业开发有限公司 Pear tree fertilizer injection unit
CN114793816A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-29 安徽理工大学 Hoisting tractor
CN114793816B (en) * 2022-04-29 2024-01-09 安徽理工大学 Hoisting tractor
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CN115191197A (en) * 2022-07-12 2022-10-18 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 Vegetable fertilizing device with fertilizer refining function
CN115191197B (en) * 2022-07-12 2024-04-05 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 Vegetable fertilizer injection unit with fertilizer refines function
CN115088420A (en) * 2022-07-29 2022-09-23 济宁市林业保护和发展服务中心 Small-size orchard fruit tree root soil drilling fertilizer injection unit
CN115053737A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-09-16 山东永盛农业发展有限公司 Root irrigation device for tomato planting disease and pest control
CN115843669A (en) * 2023-01-29 2023-03-28 广州市新茵园林绿化管理有限公司 Municipal street tree plug-in type root fertilizer injection maintenance construction method
CN116965219A (en) * 2023-08-29 2023-10-31 山东金葵农业科技有限公司 Water and fertilizer irrigation device for tree seedling
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CN117178866A (en) * 2023-09-14 2023-12-08 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 Water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation device for cultivating fruit trees
CN117178866B (en) * 2023-09-14 2024-03-19 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 Water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation device for cultivating fruit trees
CN117256456A (en) * 2023-10-31 2023-12-22 阜阳市林业科学技术推广站(阜阳市林业科学研究院) Forestry water fertilizer medicine integrated intelligent irrigation technology
CN117256456B (en) * 2023-10-31 2024-04-19 安徽德润工艺品有限公司 Forestry water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated intelligent irrigation method

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