WO2022007133A1 - Procédé de préparation d'ingrédient à base de quinoa à faible ig - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'ingrédient à base de quinoa à faible ig Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022007133A1 WO2022007133A1 PCT/CN2020/109944 CN2020109944W WO2022007133A1 WO 2022007133 A1 WO2022007133 A1 WO 2022007133A1 CN 2020109944 W CN2020109944 W CN 2020109944W WO 2022007133 A1 WO2022007133 A1 WO 2022007133A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- quinoa
- emulsifier
- cellulase
- low
- pulverization
- Prior art date
Links
- 240000006162 Chenopodium quinoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002641 glycemic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229920000294 Resistant starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000021254 resistant starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 29
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- MEAPRSDUXBHXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-n-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)propanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(NC(=O)CCCl)C=C1 MEAPRSDUXBHXGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960004604 propranolol hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol hydrochloride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 AQHHHDLHHXJYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000013376 functional food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012794 white bread Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108010073178 Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004366 Glucose oxidase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010015776 Glucose oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000001746 Pancreatic alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010029785 Pancreatic alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010019160 Pancreatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007907 direct compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004051 gastric juice Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116332 glucose oxidase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019420 glucose oxidase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007413 intestinal health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940055695 pancreatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002133 sample digestion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007974 sodium acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetic acid acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(O)=O.CC([O-])=O BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007939 sustained release tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/104—Fermentation of farinaceous cereal or cereal material; Addition of enzymes or microorganisms
- A23L7/107—Addition or treatment with enzymes not combined with fermentation with microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/10—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/21—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/46—Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. skin, bone, milk, cotton fibre, eggshell, oxgall or plant extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a preparation method of a quinoa low-GI ingredient, which is applied to the pharmaceutical sustained-release carrier and functional food ingredient industry, and belongs to the technical field of organic polymer compound preparation or processing.
- Quinoa is a whole nutritious grain, with protein content of 16% to 22%, containing 9 kinds of essential amino acids, and the amino acid composition is balanced.
- quinoa has high nutritional value, when it is used in production and processing, the saponins present in the outer skin of the seeds will produce a bitter and astringent taste, which affects the taste and safety of quinoa.
- Traditional saponin removal methods mostly use washing and brewing, but at the same time, it will lead to the loss of nutrients in quinoa. The establishment of a new saponin removal method provides more possibilities for the application of quinoa low GI ingredients in pharmaceutical excipients and food ingredients.
- quinoa is mainly due to the high content of resistant starch (slowly digestible starch and resistant starch) in its starch, but quinoa starch has poor heat resistance, and starch granules are easily heated during processing (60- 70 °C), swelling and rupture occurred, resulting in an increase in the content of digestible starch and an accelerated hydrolysis rate of starch, thereby losing its low GI properties.
- emulsifiers are usually complexed with starch to form VII-type crystals to improve the heat-resistant stability of starch. waste water. Therefore, it is urgent to find new technologies to reduce the loss of GI properties during the processing of quinoa, which has a very important role in regulating human blood sugar levels.
- the present invention provides a preparation method of quinoa low GI ingredients.
- the quinoa low GI ingredients are prepared by adding enzymes and extruding by pulverizing quinoa after roasting, mixing and tempering with an emulsifier, and adding enzymes.
- the present invention utilizes the thermal instability property of saponins, adopts high-temperature baking to decompose saponins, replaces the traditional washing and brewing method, removes the bitterness and potential safety brought by epidermal saponins, and pre-ripens quinoa at the same time.
- emulsifier and cellulase and extruded which not only uses extrusion technology to provide complex environment for emulsifier and starch, but also improves the complexation rate of emulsifier and quinoa starch, and enhances the heat resistance of quinoa starch.
- Stability and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis, and the addition of cellulase at the same time of extrusion effectively increases the content of soluble dietary fiber in quinoa.
- the interaction of the two reduces the GI value of the extruded product, thereby realizing the quinoa low GI ingredient. Efficient preparation.
- the invention discloses a method for preparing quinoa low-GI ingredients.
- the quinoa is used as a raw material, pre-cured by baking, then mixed with an emulsifier and cellulase for conditioning, and finally extruded to obtain quinoa low-GI ingredients .
- the method includes the following steps:
- Baking treatment the quinoa is subjected to baking treatment
- step (2) pulverizing: pulverizing the quinoa obtained in step (1), for subsequent use;
- step (3) mixing and tempering: adding emulsifier and cellulase to the quinoa powder obtained in step (2), mixing evenly, and adding water to prepare;
- step (3) the compound obtained in step (3) is extruded and processed in a screw extruder;
- the baking temperature is 160-180° C.
- the time is 8-10 minutes.
- the quinoa in step (1), has no bitterness and astringency, and the pre-ripening degree reaches 30% to 35%.
- the particle size of the quinoa after being pulverized in step (2) should reach more than 100 meshes.
- the emulsifier in step (3) is glycerol monostearate, and the addition amount is 0.5% to 1% (w/w) of quinoa flour.
- the amount of cellulase added in step (3) is 20-40 U/g dry basis of quinoa powder.
- step (3) water is added to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 30%-35%.
- the screw extruder in step (4) includes five temperature control sections, which are 60-70°C, 70-80°C, 70-80°C, 60-70°C, 60 ⁇ 70°C, the feeding speed is 6 ⁇ 8kg/h, and the screw speed is 90 ⁇ 110r/min.
- step (5) is to dry the product obtained in step (4) with hot air at 70-80° C. for 40-50 min.
- the particle size of the quinoa low-GI ingredients obtained in step (5) should reach more than 100 meshes.
- the invention discloses a quinoa quality low-GI ingredient prepared by the above method, and the GI value is lower than 45.
- the invention discloses the application of the above-mentioned quinoa low-GI ingredient in the field of drug sustained-release carrier and food ingredient.
- the present invention discloses a method for reducing the GI value of extruded grains.
- the method is to adjust the grains by adding emulsifier and cellulase before extrusion processing, so as to reduce the GI value of the extruded grains;
- the Grains include rice, wheat, oats, quinoa or corn.
- the emulsifier is glycerol monostearate, and the addition amount is 0.5% to 1% of the grain quality.
- the added amount of the cellulase is 20-40 U/g grains.
- the present invention adopts the baking method to decompose the quinoa saponins, removes the bitterness and astringency brought by the quinoa epidermal saponins, and simultaneously pre-ripens the quinoa, and the pre-ripening degree reaches 30% to 35%;
- the present invention adopts the extrusion method to provide a complexing environment for starch and emulsifier, improve the complexation rate of quinoa starch and emulsifier, enhance its thermal stability and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis, reduce its hydrolysis rate, and maintain quinoa
- the present invention adopts the method of adding enzyme extrusion, that is, adding cellulase before extrusion, so that the raw material powder and cellulase can fully function in the extruder, and the instantaneous action of the extruder is utilized. Keep cellulase in the "process activity" in the extrusion system, thereby effectively increasing the content of soluble dietary fiber contained in the extrudate, and the two interact to reduce the GI value of the extrudate together;
- the quinoa low GI ingredients prepared by the above method have an anti-digestive starch content of 70%, a soluble dietary fiber content of 6%, and a glycemic index in the range of 40 to 45, effectively maintaining the low quinoa in processing. GI properties. And the method of the invention has short production period, high production efficiency, low cost, and is easy to large-scale industrial production;
- the quinoa low-GI ingredients prepared by the present invention have excellent physiological functions such as improving intestinal health, preventing diabetes, controlling body weight, etc., and are suitable for consumption of type II diabetes patients to control blood sugar, and are used in drug sustained-release and functional foods. It is widely used in the field of ingredients.
- the degree of pregelatinization of the samples was measured by DSC. Weigh 4mg (dry basis) of raw quinoa powder and roasted quinoa powder in a crucible, add deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:2, press the lid and seal, and place at room temperature, and measure after equilibrating overnight. Taking an empty crucible as a reference, the scanning temperature range is 20-140 °C, and the scanning rate is 10 °C/min, and the order-disorder phase transition enthalpy change ⁇ H related to starch gelatinization is observed, and the starch precipitation of the sample is calculated using the following formula: Maturation:
- Pre-aging degree (%) ( ⁇ H full - ⁇ H)/ ⁇ H full ⁇ 100
- ⁇ H full is the endothermic enthalpy change of the sample without heat treatment
- ⁇ H is the endothermic enthalpy change of the heat-treated sample
- G0 free glucose content in the sample (mg);
- G20 the glucose content (mg) produced after hydrolysis for 20min
- G120 Glucose content (mg) produced after hydrolysis for 120 min.
- GI glycemic index
- Cellulase was purchased from Merck reagent platform, and the enzyme activity was 800U/g.
- Embodiment 1 a kind of preparation method of quinoa low GI ingredient
- the method includes the following steps:
- Baking treatment put the cleaned quinoa into an oven for baking, bake at 160°C for 10 minutes, and the pre-curing degree reaches 32.9%;
- step (3) Mixing and tempering: adding an emulsifier and cellulase to the baked quinoa powder obtained in step (2) in a certain proportion, mixing evenly, and adding water to prepare the mixture with a moisture content of 30%; the emulsifier is monostearate Acid glyceride, the addition amount is 0.5% (w/w) of the quinoa powder; The adopted cellulase addition amount is 20U/g quinoa powder dry basis;
- step (3) the mixture obtained in step (3) is sent to a screw extruder for extrusion processing; the screw extruder includes five temperature control sections, which are respectively 60°C, 70°C, 70°C, 60°C, 60°C, the feeding speed is 6kg/h, and the screw speed is 90r/min;
- the obtained extrudate is pulverized after being hot-air dried at 70° C. for 50 minutes, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a quinoa low GI ingredient, the ingredient’s anti-digestive starch content is 73.1%, and the soluble dietary The fiber content is 5.6% and the glycemic index is 43.2.
- Embodiment 2 a kind of preparation method of quinoa low GI ingredient
- the method includes the following steps:
- Baking treatment put the cleaned quinoa into an oven for baking, and bake at a temperature of 170 ° C for 10 minutes, and the pre-curing degree reaches 33.7%;
- step (3) the mixture obtained in step (3) is sent to a screw extruder for extrusion processing; the screw extruder includes five temperature control sections, which are respectively 65°C, 75°C, 75°C, 65°C, 65°C, the feeding speed is 7kg/h, and the screw speed is 100r/min;
- the obtained extrudate is pulverized after being hot-air dried at 80° C. for 40 min, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a quinoa low-GI ingredient, the ingredient has an anti-digestive starch content of 72.9%, and a soluble dietary
- the fiber content is 6.1% and the glycemic index is 44.2.
- Embodiment 3 a kind of preparation method of quinoa low GI ingredient
- the method includes the following steps:
- Baking treatment put the cleaned quinoa into an oven for baking, and bake it at a temperature of 180 ° C for 8 minutes, and the pre-curing degree reaches 33.2%;
- step (3) the mixture obtained in step (3) is sent to a screw extruder for extrusion processing; the screw extruder includes five temperature control sections, which are respectively 70°C, 80°C, 80°C, 70°C, 70°C, the feeding speed is 8kg/h, and the screw speed is 110r/min;
- the obtained extrudate is pulverized after being hot-air dried at 80° C. for 40 minutes, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a quinoa low-GI ingredient, the ingredient’s anti-digestive starch content is 73.2%, and the soluble dietary The fiber content is 5.9% and the glycemic index is 43.4.
- propranolol hydrochloride sustained-release tablets were prepared by direct compression method.
- the cumulative release rate in 30 minutes was only 14.2%, and its sustained-release effect was obvious. It is stronger than taking the drug directly (the release rate is 98%), thereby effectively prolonging the sustained release time of propranolol hydrochloride, improving the bioavailability of propranolol hydrochloride, reducing the frequency of administration and reducing the burden on the stomach and intestines.
- the quinoa is processed with reference to the method of Example 1, the difference is that steps (1)-(3) are omitted, that is, the quinoa raw material powder is directly extruded.
- the quinoa was directly extruded without being ripened, the pre-ripening degree was reduced to 21.7%, the content of anti-digestible starch was reduced to 50.7%, the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 2.6%, and the glycemic index was increased to 55.6.
- Example 1 The baking treatment in Example 1 was replaced by a traditional washing method to remove saponins, and other conditions or parameters were the same as those in Example 1.
- the washing method has no pre-ripening effect on quinoa, the pre-ripening degree of quinoa flour is reduced to 21.8%, the content of anti-digestible starch is reduced to 65.8%, the content of soluble dietary fiber is reduced to 5.3%, and the glycemic index is increased. as high as 49.7.
- Example 1 The amount of emulsifier added in step (3) of Example 1 was adjusted to 0.4% (w/w) of the quinoa flour, and other conditions or parameters were consistent with those of Example 1. Compared with Example 1, the content of antidigestive starch was reduced to 59.3%, the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 5.2%, and the glycemic index was increased to 53.0.
- Example 1 The amount of cellulase added in step (3) of Example 1 was adjusted to 10U/g dry basis of quinoa powder, and other conditions or parameters were consistent with Example 1. Compared with Example 1, the content of anti-digestible starch was reduced to 64.6%, the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 3.5%, and the glycemic index was increased to 50.9.
- the extrusion temperature in step (4) of Example 1 was adjusted to 75°C, 85°C, 85°C, 75°C, and 75°C, and other conditions or parameters were consistent with those of Example 1.
- the content of anti-digestible starch was reduced to 63.0%
- the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 3.1%
- the glycemic index was increased to 51.3.
- the quinoa was processed with reference to the method of Example 1, the difference was that the cellulase in step (3) was omitted, that is, only the emulsifier was used, and other parameters were the same as those of Example 1.
- the content of anti-digestible starch was reduced to 61.2%
- the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 2.6%
- the glycemic index was increased to 53.1.
- the quinoa was treated with reference to the method of Example 1, except that the emulsifier in step (3) was omitted, that is, only cellulase was used, and other parameters and conditions were the same as those of Example 1.
- the content of anti-digestible starch was reduced to 55.4%
- the content of soluble dietary fiber was reduced to 5.2%
- the glycemic index was increased to 53.9.
- the present invention means such as high-temperature baking, adding emulsifier, adding enzyme extrusion are adopted, and the pre-ripening degree of the prepared baked quinoa powder reaches 30%-35%, and the extruded anti-digestion starch content reaches 70%,
- the soluble dietary fiber content is 6%, and the glycemic index is lower than 45, which is significantly improved compared with the quinoa raw material powder; in the present invention, changing the above technical or method parameters, or omitting some of the invention steps will significantly affect the extrudate.
- GI value As a quinoa quality low GI ingredient, the present invention is applied in the fields of pharmaceutical auxiliary material sustained-release carriers and food ingredients, and has excellent physiological functions such as blood sugar control, diabetes prevention and the like.
- Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 6, and 7 prove that the GI value of the product obtained by using the emulsifier alone in Comparative Example 6 is 53.1, which is 2.5 lower than that in Comparative Example 1;
- the GI value of the product obtained by vegetase is 53.9, which is 1.7 lower than that of Comparative Example 1; while the GI value of the product obtained by using emulsifier and cellulase in combination in Example 1 of the present invention is 43.2, which is 12.4 lower than that of Comparative Example 1.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un ingrédient à faible IG à base de quinoa et un ingrédient obtenu à partir du procédé. Dans le procédé, le quinoa est utilisé en tant que matière première. Un ingrédient à faible IG ayant une teneur en amidon résistant de 70 % et un indice glycémique inférieur à 45 est obtenu au moyen d'étapes comprenant : le préchauffage du quinoa par cuisson, l'ajout d'un émulsifiant et de cellulase à celui-ci, le mélange, le conditionnement et l'extrusion de celui-ci, etc. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de réduction de la valeur IG de grains extrudés. Avant le traitement d'extrusion, les grains sont conditionnés au moyen de l'ajout d'un émulsifiant et de cellulase pour réduire la valeur IG des grains extrudés. Les grains comprennent du riz, du blé, de l'avoine, du quinoa ou du maïs.
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