WO2021237937A1 - 底盘组件及车辆 - Google Patents

底盘组件及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237937A1
WO2021237937A1 PCT/CN2020/106925 CN2020106925W WO2021237937A1 WO 2021237937 A1 WO2021237937 A1 WO 2021237937A1 CN 2020106925 W CN2020106925 W CN 2020106925W WO 2021237937 A1 WO2021237937 A1 WO 2021237937A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
quick
chassis
electrical connection
control system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/106925
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江吉兵
徐博豪
徐宇虹
顾妍妍
张国祥
袁中直
刘金成
Original Assignee
湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010464225.8A external-priority patent/CN111516476A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020922703.0U external-priority patent/CN212447084U/zh
Application filed by 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 filed Critical 湖北亿纬动力有限公司
Priority to EP20914754.5A priority Critical patent/EP4159504A1/en
Priority to JP2021529115A priority patent/JP7234366B2/ja
Priority to KR1020217016638A priority patent/KR102516383B1/ko
Priority to US17/425,973 priority patent/US11891119B2/en
Publication of WO2021237937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237937A1/zh
Priority to US18/542,794 priority patent/US20240116571A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B60L3/0015—Prevention of collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of battery modules for electric vehicles, for example, to a chassis assembly and a vehicle.
  • the battery pack Before the vehicle battery system is repaired, the battery pack must be removed from the frame and then disassembled internally. The repair process is complicated; 2. When the vehicle collides during the operation, except for the deformation of the frame itself, it will cause damage to the module or battery. In addition to the stress, the extrusion of the battery pack by the frame and the deformation of the battery pack itself can also cause secondary damage to the module or the battery. For example, when an electric vehicle with a large amount of electricity needs to be deployed, the damage to the entire vehicle caused by side collisions and side column collisions will increase significantly.
  • the present application provides a chassis assembly and a vehicle, which can handle the problem of quick disassembly, assembly and maintenance of a single module; and the problem of damage to the battery module during a vehicle collision.
  • An embodiment provides a chassis assembly, including:
  • a chassis is provided with a plurality of installation positions, and the chassis is configured to install a battery module
  • a quick-release device, the battery module is installed on the installation position through the quick-release device, and the quick-release device is controlled by a control system;
  • the voltage electrical connection component is quickly plugged in and electrically connected to the battery module, and the voltage electrical connection component is controlled by the control system.
  • An embodiment provides a vehicle including the chassis assembly as described above.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram 1 of the chassis assembly provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a second structural diagram of the chassis assembly provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structural diagram 1 of the chassis assembly provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a second partial structural diagram of the chassis assembly provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a third schematic diagram of a partial structure of the chassis assembly provided by the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick release device provided by the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the quick release device provided by the present application when the rotating hook is in the locked position
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 7;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating assembly provided by the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the quick release device provided by the present application when the rotating hook is in the released position
  • FIG. 11 is a partial structural diagram of the first quick-plug connector provided by the present application inserted into the battery module;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first quick-plug connector provided by the present application.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded view of the structure of the first quick plug connector provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the first quick-plug connector provided by the present application.
  • Chassis 11. Basic frame; 111. Frame longitudinal beam; 112. Frame beam; 113. Mounting seat; 12. Lower body floor;
  • Battery module 31, hook groove; 32, bump; 33, connecting flange;
  • the first quick plug connector 41, insert post; 411, chamber; 412, through hole; 413, oil delivery channel; 42, elastic seal; 43, steel ball; 44, limit flange;
  • High-voltage electrical connection module 51. High-voltage cable; 6. Second quick-connect connector; 7. Low-voltage electrical connection module; 71. Low-voltage cable; 8. Third quick-connect connector; 91. Thermal management control water pipe.
  • the "above” or “below” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature of the first feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • this embodiment discloses a chassis assembly, which includes a chassis 1, a quick-release device 2, a battery module 3, a voltage electrical connection assembly, a thermal management module, a third quick-plug connector 8 and Control System.
  • a plurality of installation positions are provided on the chassis 1; for example, the chassis 1 includes a base frame 11, which includes at least two frame longitudinal beams 111 arranged in parallel and spaced apart and at least two frame longitudinal beams 111 arranged perpendicularly to the frame longitudinal beams 111.
  • a frame cross beam 112 is fixed on the frame longitudinal beam 111.
  • there are two frame longitudinal beams 111 the two frame longitudinal beams 111 are arranged at intervals, the two ends of the frame cross beam 112 are respectively fixed on the two frame longitudinal beams 111, and the two adjacent Installation positions are formed between the frame beams 112, and a row of installation positions is formed on the base frame 11.
  • the frame longitudinal beams 111 there are three frame longitudinal beams 111, the three frame longitudinal beams 111 are arranged at intervals in sequence, the frame transverse beam 112 is arranged between two adjacent frame longitudinal beams 111, and two The ends are respectively fixed on the frame longitudinal beam 111, two adjacent frame cross beams 112 are formed with installation positions, and the base frame 11 is formed with two rows of installation positions.
  • the above-mentioned installation position is formed between two adjacent frame beams 112, that is, the installation position is a rectangular area enclosed by two adjacent frame longitudinal beams 111 and two adjacent frame beams 112, and the battery module
  • the shape of 3 is matched with the installation position, that is, the plane cross-sectional shape of the battery module 3 is rectangular, and each installation position is provided with a battery module 3.
  • the number of battery modules 3 and the installation positions to be installed can also be selected according to actual needs, and the number of frame cross beams 112 and frame longitudinal beams 111 is not further limited here.
  • the battery module 3 is fixed to the installation position of the base frame 11 by the quick-release device 2.
  • the four corners, or any two opposite sides, or four sides of the battery module 3 are fixed to the base frame 11 by the quick-release device 2.
  • the side surfaces of the two long sides of the battery module 3 are respectively fixed to the frame beams 112 on both sides of the battery module 3 through a plurality of quick-release devices 2.
  • the quick-release device 2 is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system can control the quick-release device 2 to release the fixation of the battery module 3 so that the battery module 3 can fall off from the base frame 11.
  • the control method of the control system on the quick-release device 2 is related technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the voltage electrical connection component is quickly plugged in and electrically connected to the battery module 3, and is controlled by the control system.
  • the voltage electrical connection component includes a high voltage electrical connection component and a low voltage electrical connection component.
  • the high-voltage electrical connection component is quickly plugged in and electrically connected to the battery module 3, the high-voltage electrical connection component is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is configured to control the high-voltage electrical connection component to fall off the battery module 3.
  • the high-voltage electrical connection assembly includes a first quick-plug connector 4 and a high-voltage electrical connection module 5.
  • the high-voltage electrical connection module 5 is electrically connected to the battery module 3 through the first quick-plug connector 4.
  • the high-voltage electrical connection module 5 is provided with a plurality of high-voltage cables 51, and the number of the high-voltage cables 51 is quite large.
  • the excess high-voltage cables 51 are reserved for backup.
  • the end of the high-voltage cable 51 away from the high-voltage electrical connection module 5 is connected to the first quick-plug connector 4, and the first quick-plug connector 4 is inserted into the high-voltage interface of the battery module 3.
  • the first quick-plug connector 4 is an electrical quick-plug connector, which can allow high-voltage electricity to pass through.
  • the first quick plug connector 4 is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system can control the first quick plug connector 4 to fall off the battery module 3.
  • the control method of the first quick-plug connector 4 by the control system is related technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the low-voltage electrical connection component is quickly plugged in and electrically connected to the battery module 3; the low-voltage electrical connection component is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is configured to control the low-voltage electrical connection component to fall off the battery module 3.
  • the low-voltage electrical connection assembly includes a second quick-plug connector 6 and a low-voltage electrical connection module 7.
  • the low-voltage connection module 7 is installed on the base frame 11 at one end of the base frame 11.
  • the low-voltage connection module 7 is electrically connected to the battery module 3 through the second quick-plug connector 6.
  • the low-voltage electrical connection module 7 is provided with a plurality of low-voltage cables 71, and the number of the low-voltage cables 71 is not less than that of the battery.
  • the end of the low-voltage cable 71 away from the low-voltage electrical connection module 7 is connected to the second quick-plug connector 6, and the second quick-plug connector 6 is inserted into the low-voltage interface of the battery module 3.
  • the second quick-plug connector 6 is an electrical quick-plug connector, which can allow low-voltage electricity to pass through.
  • the second quick connector 6 is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system can control the second quick connector 6 to fall off the battery module 3.
  • the control method of the second quick-plug connector 6 by the control system is related technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thermal management module is electrically connected to the battery module 3 through the third quick-plug connector 8.
  • the thermal management module is provided with two thermal management control water pipes 91 for circulating cooling medium, and the thermal management control water pipe 91 is provided with multiple third fast connectors.
  • the plug connector 8 and the third quick plug connector 8 are plugged into the thermal management interface of the battery module 3.
  • the thermal management module provides a cooling medium to the battery module 3 through one of the thermal management control water pipes 91 to cool the battery module 3, and the cooling medium after cooling the battery module 3 returns to the thermal management module through another thermal management control water pipe 91 Inside.
  • the third quick connector 8 is a water pipe quick connector, which can allow the cooling medium to pass through.
  • the third quick connector 8 is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system can control the third quick connector 8 to fall off the battery module 3.
  • the control method of the third quick-plug connector 8 by the control system is related technology, which will not be repeated here.
  • the control system is fixed on the chassis 1 to provide control support for the chassis components.
  • the control system includes a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS), a battery system distribution box (Battery Distribution Unit, BDU), and a high-voltage distribution box (Power Distribution Unit). Unit, PDU) and other control components are connected to the after-sales service platform to reduce transfers and improve energy efficiency.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • BDU Battery Distribution Unit
  • Power Distribution Unit Power Distribution Unit
  • Unit, PDU high-voltage distribution box
  • the signal is sent to the after-sales service platform, mainly to facilitate the after-sales platform to monitor the status of the battery module 3.
  • the chassis 1 further includes a lower body floor 12, which is fixed on the base frame 11 and covers the battery module 3.
  • the high-voltage electrical connection module 5 is arranged on the lower body floor 12.
  • the lower surface of the vehicle body floor 12 may also be provided on the upper surface of the lower vehicle body floor 12.
  • the low-voltage cable 71, the high-voltage cable 51, and the thermal management control water pipe 91 are all located on the lower surface of the lower body floor 12, and in other embodiments, may also be located on the upper surface of the lower body floor 12.
  • the battery module 3 includes a cooling plate, a battery cell, a side fixing plate, an edge fixing plate and a high-voltage copper bar. Moreover, the battery module 3 is sealed with IP67 and above, and the sealing performance is strong. Under normal operation, the risk of battery liquid leakage can be effectively avoided.
  • the battery module 3 is provided with a temperature detection component, which may be a temperature sensor in this embodiment.
  • the temperature detection element is electrically connected to the control system, and the electrical connection and control methods between the two are related technologies, and will not be repeated here.
  • the temperature detection component is configured to detect the temperature of the battery module 3 and transmit the detected information to the control system to monitor the temperature condition of the battery module 3.
  • it also includes a fire extinguishing device, which is arranged on the base frame 11 and is electrically connected to the control system.
  • the control system can control the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire on the battery module 3 to prevent the fire from spreading. .
  • the control system detects that the chassis 1 is about to be damaged through the vehicle's collision sensor, etc., if the vehicle speed is faster, the vehicle speed is controlled to drop below 30km/h, and then the first quick plug connector 4,
  • the second quick-plug connector 6, the third quick-plug connector 8 and the quick-release device 2 are controlled so that the first quick-plug connector 4, the second quick-plug connector 6 and the third quick-plug connector 8 are separated from the battery module 3 for quick removal
  • the device 2 releases the fixation of the battery module 3, so that the battery module 3 is disconnected from the base frame 11, the low-voltage electrical connection module 7, the high-voltage electrical connection module 5, and the thermal management module to avoid impending damage to the chassis 1 Damage to the battery module 3.
  • the control system detects the thermal runaway of the battery module 3 through the temperature detection part in the battery module 3, and the control system starts to connect the first quick connector 4,
  • the second quick-plug connector 6, the third quick-plug connector 8 and the quick-release device 2 are controlled so that the first quick-plug connector 4, the second quick-plug connector 6 and the third quick-plug connector 8 are separated from the battery module 3 for quick removal
  • the device 2 releases the fixing of the battery module 3, so that the battery module 3 is disconnected from the basic frame 11, the low-voltage electrical connection module 7, the high-voltage electrical connection module 5, and the thermal management module, and the battery module 3 is fixed on the basic frame 11 to cause thermal runaway
  • the battery module 3 is quickly dropped off to avoid damage to the entire vehicle caused by the impending thermal runaway behavior spreading to all battery modules 3.
  • the car has its own bypass system and high and low voltage system. After the faulty battery module 3 falls off, the car's bypass system maintains the operation of the car's thermal management system and high and low voltage system, and continues to maintain the remaining battery modules 3 to work After that, the integrated control vehicle uses the remaining battery module 3 to continue driving.
  • the bypass system maintains the automotive thermal management system and the high and low voltage system. It mainly solves two problems. One is to maintain the remaining battery modules 3 to continue working; the other is to ensure that the series and parallel connections of the vehicle circuit remain intact after the faulty battery module 3 falls off. Does not affect the operation of the entire vehicle.
  • the battery module 3 When an accident that damages the battery module 3 occurs in the vehicle, the battery module 3 is pre-judged through the control system, the driver is notified in advance to slow down and stop, and the after-sales platform guides the control system to remove the problematic battery module 3 .
  • the arrangement of the battery module 3 on the chassis 1 solves the problem that the thermal runaway of a single battery module 3 will damage the entire battery pack; it also solves the problem of quick disassembly and repair of the single battery module 3; the vehicle is in a collision process , The battery module 3 is damaged and catches fire; furthermore, the group platform of the same battery module 3 can be used to complete the electric power demand arrangement of different vehicles.
  • the quick release device 2 includes a hook assembly and a rotating assembly 21, and a mounting seat 113 is provided on the chassis 1.
  • the mounting seat 113 may be provided on the frame cross beam 112 or the frame longitudinal beam 111, or both the frame longitudinal beam 111 and the frame cross beam 112 are provided with the mounting seat 113.
  • the rotating assembly 21 includes a rotating hook 211 rotatably arranged on the mounting seat 113.
  • the hook assembly includes a hook groove 31, and the hook groove 31 is disposed on the battery module 3.
  • the rotating hook 211 has a locking position and a releasing position. When the battery module 3 is in the preset installation position on the vehicle, the rotating hook 211 rotates to the locked position, and the rotating hook 211 is clamped in the hook groove 31; When the hook 211 rotates to the release position, the rotating hook 211 is separated from the hook groove 31.
  • the quick-release device 2 provided in this embodiment has a simple structure. The battery module 3 is locked and fixed by the rotating hook 211 in the hook groove 31, and will not be loosened due to the shaking of the vehicle during operation.
  • the own gravity does not need to add other structures for restricting the position of the rotating hook 211, which improves the stability of the battery module 3 fixed on the chassis 1, shortens the operation time, reduces the time for locking the battery module 3, and improves Improve the efficiency of disassembly and assembly of the battery module 3.
  • the battery module 3 when the battery module 3 is locked, the battery module 3 is in the preset installation position, the rotating hook 211 of the quick release device 2 is in the locked position, and the rotating hook 211 is clamped to the card. In the hook groove 31, the battery module 3 is locked. As shown in FIG. 10, when the battery module 3 is disassembled, the rotating hook 211 of the quick-release device 2 is in the released position, the rotating hook 211 comes out of the hook groove 31, and the battery module 3 falls downward due to its own gravity, and the disassembly is automatically completed.
  • the surface of the rotating hook 211 is coated with a damping material.
  • the rotating hook 211 can be interference-clamped in the hook groove 31, and the rotating hook 211 is enlarged.
  • the friction with the hook groove 31 improves the stability of the clamping; when the battery module 3 is removed, the rotating hook 211 is not prevented from coming out of the hook groove 31, which improves the practicability of the quick-release device 2.
  • the two opposite sides of the battery module 3 are locked to the chassis 1.
  • the chassis 1 is provided with a mounting seat 113 on each of the two sides of the battery module 3, and each mounting seat 113 is Set a rotating hook 211.
  • the two opposite sides of the battery module 3 are provided with hook grooves 31.
  • the rotating hook 211 on the chassis 1 is clamped to the hook grooves 31 on both sides of the battery module 3.
  • At least two protrusions 32 are respectively provided on both sides of the battery module 3, the hook groove 31 is opened on the upper surface of the protrusion 32, and the position and number of the rotating hooks 211 correspond to the protrusions 32.
  • the provision of at least two bumps 32 can increase the number of connecting positions of the rotating hook 211 and the battery module 3 and increase the stability of the battery module 3 after being fixed.
  • each protrusion 32 is provided with a hook groove 31.
  • the hook groove 31 extends to both sides of the protrusion 32 along the rotation axis direction of the rotating hook 211 and communicates with the two end surfaces of the protrusion 32, which increases the gap between the hook groove 31 and the rotating hook 211.
  • the contact area improves the stability of locking the battery module 3.
  • the rotating assembly 21 further includes a rotating shaft 212, and the rotating shaft 212 is configured to rotate to drive the rotating hook 211 to rotate.
  • the first end of the rotating hook 211 is connected with the first end of the rotating shaft 212, and the second end of the rotating hook 211 is arranged in an arc shape and is configured to be clamped in the hook groove 31.
  • the second end of the rotating shaft 212 is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting seat 113.
  • the rotating hook 211 is coaxial with the rotating shaft 212 and the rotating axis is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the rotating shaft 212 faces the circumferential surface of the rotating hook 211 with a first connecting platform 2122 protruding.
  • the first end of the rotating hook 211 is fixed on the first connecting platform 2122, and the second end of the rotating hook 211 is spaced apart from the rotating shaft 212 and can be clamped in the hook groove 31.
  • a first connecting platform 2122 is protrudingly provided on the rotating shaft 212, and the first end of the rotating hook 211 is connected to the first connecting platform 2122, which facilitates the spaced arrangement of the second end of the rotating hook 211 and the rotating shaft 212, which facilitates the mounting of the rotating hook 211.
  • the second end is clamped to the hook groove 31.
  • the rotating hook 211 is set in an arc shape.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the hook groove 31 is an arc shape that matches with the rotating hook 211.
  • the axial width and radial thickness of the rotating hook 211 can be adjusted according to the weight of the battery module 3.
  • the hook groove 31 is slotted in the axial direction of the rotating hook 211 The width and the thickness of the groove section in the radial direction of the rotating hook 211 are also adjusted accordingly.
  • a tooth groove 2111 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the rotating hook 211 facing the rotating shaft 212, and a tooth 2121 is provided on the first connecting platform 2122, and the tooth 2121 is engaged in the tooth groove 2111. It is ensured that the rotating hook 211 can be driven to rotate synchronously when the rotating shaft 212 rotates, and the locking stability of the battery module 3 is improved.
  • a second connecting platform protrudes from the rotating hook 211 facing the rotating shaft 212.
  • the second connecting platform is connected to the first connecting platform 2122 on the rotating shaft 212, and the second connecting platform is provided with There are tooth grooves 2111, and the teeth 2121 on the first connecting platform 2122 mesh in the tooth grooves 2111.
  • the rotating assembly 21 further includes a driving motor.
  • the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the rotating shaft 212 and can control the rotating shaft 212 to rotate automatically.
  • the rotating hook 211 can be automatically engaged or detached from the hook groove 31, which improves the degree of automation and the convenience of use of the quick-release device 2.
  • the rotating assembly 21 further includes a linkage shaft 213.
  • the two ends of the linkage shaft 213 are connected with the two adjacent rotating shafts 212 coincident, which can ensure the synchronous rotation of multiple rotating shafts 212, which improves the accuracy of locking the battery module 3.
  • one drive motor can be used at the same time.
  • At least two rotating shafts 212 are driven to rotate synchronously, thereby reducing the number of driving motors required and reducing the cost.
  • the driving motor is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system controls the driving motor to drive the linkage shaft 213 to rotate, and then drives the rotating shaft 212 to rotate, so that the rotating hook 211 rotates.
  • the two rotating shafts 212 placed on the chassis 1 on the same side of the battery module 3 are coaxially arranged, so a linkage shaft 213 is connected between the two rotating shafts 212 on the same side of the battery module 3 , And one of the rotating shafts 212 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor.
  • the mounting base 113 is provided in a plate shape, the first end of the mounting base 113 is integrally connected to the chassis 1, and the second end is flush with the end of the rotating hook 211 and is in the shape of an arc.
  • the second end of the rotating shaft 212 is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting seat 113.
  • the slot width of the hook groove 31 is not less than the sum of the thickness of the rotating hook 211 and the plate-shaped mounting seat 113.
  • the size of the second end of the mounting seat 113 should be such that when the battery module 3 moves to the rotating hook 211, it does not interfere with the movement of the battery module 3, which is not limited here.
  • the control system is configured to control the driving motor to drive the rotating hook 211 to rotate through a preset angle.
  • the control system is set to control the driving motor to drive the rotating hook 211 to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise to the locked position to make the rotating hook 211 can be clamped in the hook groove 31 to lock the battery module 3;
  • the control system is set to control the drive motor to drive the rotating hook 211 to rotate in the opposite direction to the release position, so that the battery module 3 needs to be disassembled.
  • the hook 211 can escape from the hook groove 31, and the battery falls downward due to its own gravity, and the battery module 3 is completely disassembled.
  • the setting of the control system improves the automation and convenience of the locking system.
  • the bottom surface of the mounting base 113 may also be provided with a pressure sensor.
  • the control system is also set to automatically start the drive motor to drive the rotating hook 211 to rotate to the locked position, so that the rotating hook 211 can be clamped on the hook Inside the slot 31, the battery module 3 is locked.
  • the quick-release device 2 may also be another quick-release mechanism, as long as the battery module 3 can be quickly installed on the installation position, and the quick-release device 2 is controlled by the control system to quickly release the battery module.
  • the fixing of the group 3 only needs to be able to make the battery module 3 fall off from the chassis 1, and no other specific restrictions are made here.
  • a connecting flange 33 is provided on the battery module 3, and an insertion hole is provided on the connecting flange 33.
  • the first quick plug connector 4 includes a pin 41, an elastic expansion component and a limiting flange 44.
  • the first end of the inserting post 41 penetrates the insertion hole, the inserting post 41 is provided with a cavity 411, and the outer peripheral wall of the first end of the inserting post 41 is provided with a through hole 412 communicating with the cavity 411.
  • the through hole 412 is provided with an elastic expansion component, and the elastic expansion component can be partially exposed on the outer peripheral wall of the pin 41 and press against the lower surface of the connecting flange 33.
  • the elastic expansion and tightening component includes an elastic sealing member 42 and a steel ball 43, and the elastic sealing member 42 is sealingly disposed on the through hole 412 and is located at a position where the through hole 412 is connected to the cavity 411.
  • the steel ball 43 is contained in the through hole 412 and is located outside the elastic sealing member 42.
  • the steel ball 43 can be completely located in the through hole 412, or partially protruded outside the outer peripheral wall of the pin 41 under the action of the elastic sealing member 42.
  • the steel ball 43 can partially protrude from the outer peripheral wall of the plug 41, so that the steel ball 43 can press against the lower surface of the connecting flange 33.
  • the limiting flange 44 is ringed on the outer peripheral wall of the inserting column 41, and the lower end surface of the limiting flange 44 is pressed against the upper surface of the connecting flange 33.
  • the steel ball 43 and the limiting flange 44 cooperate to fix the first plug 4 on the battery module 3.
  • the limiting flange 44 is a circular ring structure.
  • the limiting flange 44 is protrudingly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the post 41, which can be fixed by welding or It is integrally formed with the insert 41, and in this embodiment, the limiting flange 44 and the insert post 41 are integrally formed.
  • the diameter of the steel ball 43 is larger than the unsealed end of the through hole 412 provided with the elastic seal 42 ⁇ The aperture.
  • the elastic sealing member 42 of this embodiment is made of elastic rubber material, and its shape is approximately spherical. The shell opening end of the elastic seal 42 is fixed on one end of the through hole 412 that communicates with the cavity 411 in an interference fit.
  • the shell opening of the elastic seal 42 and the through hole 412 form an accommodation space for accommodating the steel ball 43. It can be movably assembled in the accommodating space. Since the steel ball 43 cannot be swollen out of the through hole 412, the open end of the shell of the elastic seal 42 always maintains an interference fit and is fixed in the communicating cavity 411 of the through hole 412. On one end, the pressure in the chamber 411 cannot escape through the through hole 412.
  • An oil delivery channel 413 is provided on the plug 41 along the axial direction of the plug 41.
  • a shunt pipe (not shown in the figure) is connected to the top of the pin 41.
  • the shunt pipe is connected to an oil pump.
  • the oil pump and the shunt pipe can deliver hydraulic oil to the oil delivery channel 413 to pass the hydraulic oil into the chamber 411 so that The pressure in the cavity 411 increases, so that the elastic seal 42 pushes the steel ball 43 to move outward, so that the steel ball 43 is pressed against the lower surface of the connecting flange 33. Under the action of hydraulic oil, the steel ball 43 will not move inward, and the steel ball 43 can be matched with the limit flange 44 to fix the first quick connector 4 on the connecting flange 33.
  • the oil pump is controlled by the control system.
  • the control system controls the oil pump to deliver hydraulic oil into the chamber 411, so that the pressure in the chamber 411 is increased, and the elastic seal 42 pushes the steel ball 43 to move outward, so that the steel ball 43 is pressed against the connecting protrusion.
  • a high-pressure cylinder that is electrically connected to the control system can also be used to deliver high-pressure gas into the chamber 411 through the oil delivery channel 413, and the elastic seal 42 is driven by the high-pressure gas to push the steel ball 43 outward. , So that the steel ball 43 is pressed against the lower surface of the connecting flange 33. Since the principle and control circuit of hydraulic drive and pneumatic drive are related technologies, they will not be described in detail.
  • a two-position two-way electronic control valve (not shown in the figure) is further included.
  • the inlet of the two-position two-way electric control valve is in communication with the outlet of the oil pump, and the outlet of the two-position two-way electric control valve is in communication with the inlet of the shunt pipe.
  • the two-position two-way electronic control valve When it is necessary to deliver high-pressure hydraulic oil into the multiple chambers 411 for expansion and tightening, the two-position two-way electronic control valve is first in the open state and remains open for a preset time, such as 3-5 seconds; After the high-pressure oil is pumped into the multiple chambers 411, and the steel ball 43 is pressed against the hole wall at the end of each through hole 412 that is not provided with the elastic seal 42 and cannot move, the two-position two-way electric control valve When the closing time is reached, it will be automatically closed, thereby locking the pressure in the multiple chambers 411 to play a role in maintaining pressure. At this time, the oil pump also stops working, and the locking of the battery module 3 to the chassis 1 through the first plug connector 4 is completed.
  • a preset time such as 3-5 seconds
  • the two-position two-way electric control valve is opened and the oil pump is not working. At this time, the pressure in the multiple chambers 411 can be completed along the path of the shunt pipe, the oil pump, and the oil tank.
  • the first quick connector 4 is no longer tightly connected to the battery module 3, and the battery module 3 is automatically separated under the action of gravity to complete the disassembly work.
  • first quick-plug connector 4 in this embodiment is only an exemplary structure.
  • the first quick-plug connector 4 may also be another quick-plug structure, as long as it can withstand high-voltage current, and It can be quickly detached from the battery module 3 under the control of the control system, and other specific and limited details will not be repeated here.
  • the structure of the second quick plug connector 6 can be similar to the structure of the first quick plug connector 4, or other quick plug structure, as long as it can withstand the pressure current and can be controlled by the control system to quickly connect to the battery module 3. Just fall off, and other specific and restrictive details will not be repeated here.
  • This embodiment also discloses a vehicle, which includes the aforementioned chassis assembly, and the battery module 3 of the chassis assembly provides electrical energy for the operation of the vehicle.
  • the control system detects that the frame is about to be damaged through the collision sensor of the vehicle.
  • the voltage electrical connection assembly and the quick release device 2 are controlled to separate the voltage electrical connection assembly from the battery module 3, and the quick release device 2 releases the fixation of the battery module 3, so that the battery module 3 is separated from the chassis 1 and the voltage electrical connection assembly Connect and make the battery module 3 fall off to avoid damage to the battery module 3 due to impending damage to the frame.
  • the battery module 3 is installed on the installation position through the quick-release device 2. When the battery module 3 needs to be replaced or repaired, only the corresponding module can be removed without disassembling the entire battery pack.
  • the arrangement of the battery module 3 on the chassis 1 solves the problem of quick disassembly, assembly and maintenance of a single module; the battery module 3 is damaged or even catches fire during a vehicle collision; moreover, the same battery can be used in groups
  • the platform completes the layout of the electricity demand of different vehicles. Since the battery module 3 is directly arranged on the chassis 1, there will be more space in the layout of the whole vehicle for the frame beam 112 and the frame longitudinal beam 111, as well as the arrangement of the protective structure, which significantly increases the collision energy absorption area and significantly improves the model. The stress or strain of the battery or battery after a collision.
  • the control system detects the thermal runaway of the battery module 3 through the temperature detection element in the battery module 3, and the control system activates the first quick connector 4.
  • the quick release device 2 releases the fixation of the battery module 3, so that the battery module 3 is disconnected from the base frame 11, the low-voltage electrical connection module 7, the high-voltage electrical connection module 5, and the thermal management module, and the battery module 3 is fixed on the base frame 11
  • the battery module 3 in which the thermal runaway occurs is quickly detached, so as to avoid the damage to the entire vehicle caused by the impending thermal runaway behavior spreading to all the battery modules 3.
  • the battery module 3 is pre-judged through the control system, and the driver is notified in advance to slow down and stop, or the after-sales platform instructs the control system to drop the problematic battery module.

Abstract

一种底盘组件及车辆，所述底盘组件包括：底盘，设置有多个安装位，所述底盘设置为安装电池模组；快卸装置，所述电池模组通过所述快卸装置安装于所述安装位上，所述快卸装置受控制系统控制；电压电连接组件，与所述电池模组快插电性连接，所述电压电连接组件受所述控制系统控制。所述车辆包括上述底盘组件。

Description

底盘组件及车辆
本申请要求申请日为2020年5月27日、申请号为202010464225.8，以及申请日为2020年5月27日、申请号为202020922703.0的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电动汽车的电池模组技术领域，例如涉及一种底盘组件及车辆。
背景技术
目前市面上大多数的电池系统和电动车的结构成组形式均为电芯-模组-P电池包-车架的梯次成组形式，部分车辆在成组过程中省略模组这一层级，直接使用电芯-电池包-车架的成组形式。但无论上述哪种成组形式，由于电池包层级单独存在并与车架进行固定连接，该成组形式下电动车辆存在如下缺陷和不足。
1、车辆电池系统维修前须先从车架拆除电池包，再进行内部拆解，维修流程复杂；2、车辆在行使过程中发生碰撞时，除了车架本身变形产生对模组或电芯的应力外，车架对电池包的挤压和电池包自身部件的变形也会对模组或电芯产生二次损害。例如在需要布置大电量的电动车时，侧面碰撞和侧柱碰对整车的损害会显著增加。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种底盘组件及车辆，能够处理单个模组快速拆装维修的问题；以及车辆在碰撞过程中，电池模组受损的问题。
一实施例提供一种底盘组件，包括：
底盘，设置有多个安装位，所述底盘设置为安装电池模组；
快卸装置，所述电池模组通过所述快卸装置安装于所述安装位上，所述快卸装置受控制系统控制；
电压电连接组件，与所述电池模组快插电性连接，所述电压电连接组件受所述控制系统控制。
一实施例提供一种车辆，包括如上所述的底盘组件。
附图说明
图1是本申请提供的底盘组件的结构示意图一；
图2是本申请提供的底盘组件的结构示意图二；
图3是本申请提供的底盘组件的局部结构示意图一；
图4是本申请提供的底盘组件的局部结构示意图二；
图5是本申请提供的底盘组件的局部结构示意图三；
图6是本申请提供的快卸装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请提供的快卸装置的转钩处于锁紧位置时的结构示意图；
图8是图7中A处的局部放大图；
图9是本申请提供的转动组件的结构示意图；
图10是本申请提供的快卸装置的转钩处于松脱位置时的结构示意图；
图11是本申请提供的第一快插接头插于电池模组的局部结构示意图；
图12是本申请提供的第一快插接头的结构示意图；
图13是本申请提供的第一快插接头的结构分解视图；
图14是本申请提供的第一快插接头的剖面视图。
图中：
1、底盘；11、基础框架；111、车架纵梁；112、车架横梁；113、安装座；12、下车身地板；
2、快卸装置；21、转动组件；211、转钩；2111、齿槽；212、转动轴；2121、齿；2122、第一连接台；213、联动轴；
3、电池模组；31、卡钩槽；32、凸块；33、连接凸缘；
4、第一快插接头；41、插柱；411、腔室；412、通孔；413、输油通道；42、弹性密封件；43、钢珠；44、限位凸缘；
5、高压电连接模块；51、高压线缆；6、第二快插接头；7、低压电连接模块；71、低压线缆；8、第三快插接头；91、热管理控制水管。
具体实施方式
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖 直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该申请产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
如图1-图5所示，本实施例公开了一种底盘组件，其包括底盘1、快卸装置2、电池模组3、电压电连接组件、热管理模块、第三快插接头8及控制系统。
底盘1上设置有多个安装位；示例性地，底盘1包括基础框架11，基础框架11包括至少两个平行且间隔设置的车架纵梁111和与车架纵梁111垂直设置的至少两个车架横梁112，车架横梁112固定于车架纵梁111上。可选的，本实施例中车架纵梁111为两个，两个车架纵梁111间隔设置，车架横梁112的两端分别固定于两个车架纵梁111上，两个相邻的车架横梁112之间形成有安装位，基础框架11上形成有一排安装位。在其它实施例中，还可以是，车架纵梁111为三个，三个车架纵梁111依次间隔设置，车架横梁112设置于相邻两个车架纵梁111之间， 且两端分别固定于车架纵梁111上，两个相邻的车架横梁112之间形成有安装位，基础框架11上形成有两排安装位。
两个相邻的车架横梁112之间形成有上述的安装位，即安装位为相邻两个车架纵梁111和相邻两个车架横梁112所围合形成矩形区域，电池模组3的外形与安装位相匹配设置，即电池模组3的平面截面形状为矩形，每个安装位上均设置有一个电池模组3。在其它实施例中，电池模组3的数量和所安装的安装位也可以根据实际需要进行选择，在此不对车架横梁112和车架纵梁111的个数做进一步的限定。
电池模组3通过快卸装置2固定于基础框架11的安装位上。电池模组3的四角、或任一相对的两个侧面、或者四个侧面通过快卸装置2固定于基础框架11上。示例性的，本实施例中电池模组3的两个长边的侧面通过多个快卸装置2分别固定于电池模组3两侧的车架横梁112。
快卸装置2与控制系统电性连接，控制系统能够控制快卸装置2解除对电池模组3的固定，以使电池模组3能够从基础框架11上脱落。控制系统对快卸装置2的控制方式为相关技术，在此不再赘述。
电压电连接组件与电池模组3快插电性连接，受控制系统控制。电压电连接组件包括高压电连接组件和低压电连接组件。
高压电连接组件与电池模组3快插电性连接，高压电连接组件与控制系统电性连接，控制系统设置为控制高压电连接组件从电池模组3上脱落。高压电连接组件包括第一快插接头4和高压电连接模块5。高压电连接模块5通过第一快插接头4与电池模组3电性连接，示例性地，高压电连接模块5上设置有多个高压线缆51，高压线缆51的数量不少于电池模组3的数量，如果高压线缆51的数量多于电池模组3的数量，多余的高压线缆51留作备用。高压线缆51远离高压电连接模块5的一端连接有第一快插接头4，第一快插接头4插于电池模组3的高压接口上。第一快插接头4为电性快插接头，可以允许高压电的通过。第一快插接头4与控制系统电性连接，控制系统能够控制第一快插接头4从电池模组3上脱落。控制系统对第一快插接头4的控制方式为相关技术，在此不再赘述。
低压电连接组件与电池模组3快插电性连接；低压电连接组件与控制系统电性连接，控制系统设置为控制低压电连接组件从电池模组3上脱落。低压电连接组件包括第二快插接头6和低压电连接模块7。低压电连接模块7安装于基础框架11上，位于基础框架11的一端。低压电连接模块7通过第二快插接头6与电池模 组3电性连接，示例性地，低压电连接模块7上设置有多个低压线缆71，低压线缆71的数量不少于电池模组3的数量，如果低压线缆71的数量多于电池模组3的数量，多余的低压线缆71留作备用。低压线缆71远离低压电连接模块7的一端连接有第二快插接头6，第二快插接头6插于电池模组3的低压接口上。第二快插接头6为电性快插接头，可以允许低压电的通过。第二快插接头6与控制系统电性连接，控制系统能够控制第二快插接头6从电池模组3上脱落。控制系统对第二快插接头6的控制方式为相关技术，在此不再赘述。
热管理模块通过第三快插接头8与电池模组3电性连接，热管理模块上设置有两个流通冷却介质的热管理控制水管91，热管理控制水管91上设置有多个第三快插接头8，第三快插接头8插于电池模组3的热管理接口上。热管理模块通过其中一个热管理控制水管91向电池模组3提供冷却介质对电池模组3进行冷却，对电池模组3冷却后的冷却介质通过另一个热管理控制水管91回到热管理模块内。第三快插接头8为水管快插接头，可以允许冷却介质通过。第三快插接头8与控制系统电性连接，控制系统能够控制第三快插接头8从电池模组3上脱落。控制系统对第三快插接头8的控制方式为相关技术，在此不再赘述。
控制系统固定于底盘1上，为该底盘组件提供控制支持，控制系统包含电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)，电池系统配电盒(Battery Distribution Unit，BDU)，高压配电箱(Power Distribution Unit，PDU)等控制元件的全部功能，并与售后服务平台相连起到减少转接，提升能量效率的作用。信号发送到售后服务平台，主要是便于售后平台监控电池模组3的状态。
可选地，底盘1还包括下车身地板12，其固定于基础框架11上，且覆盖于电池模组3，高压电连接模块5设置于下车身地板12上，本实施例中设置于下车身地板12的下表面，在其它实施例中，还可以设置于下车身地板12的上表面。低压线缆71、高压线缆51及热管理控制水管91均位于下车身地板12的下表面，在其它实施例中，也可以位于下车身地板12的上表面。
电池模组3包括冷却板、电芯、侧面固定板、边缘固定板和高压铜排。而且，该电池模组3具有IP67及以上密封，密封性能较强，正常运行情况下，可以有效地避免电池液泄漏的风险。电池模组3上设置有温度检测件，本实施例中可以为温度传感器。温度检测件与控制系统电性连接，二者之间的电性连接方式及控制方式为相关技术，在此不再赘述。温度检测件设置为检测电池模组3的温度，并将检测的信息传输给控制系统，以监测电池模组3的温度状况。
可选地，还包括灭火装置，其设置于基础框架11上，且与控制系统电性连接，当电池模组3发生火灾时，控制系统可以控制灭火装置对电池模组3灭火，避免火势蔓延。
当车辆发生意外情况时，控制系统通过车辆的碰撞传感器等，检测到底盘1即将受到损坏时，如果车速较快，则控制车速降到30km/h以下，然后启动对第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6、第三快插接头8和快卸装置2的控制，使第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6和第三快插接头8脱离电池模组3，快卸装置2解除对电池模组3的固定，使电池模组3与基础框架11、低压电连接模块7、高压电连接模块5及热管理模块脱离连接，避免因为即将发生的底盘1损坏带来对电池模组3的损害。
当车辆在行驶过程中或静止泊车状态发生热失控时，控制系统通过电池模组3内的温度检测件检测到电池模组3发生热失控时，控制系统启动对第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6、第三快插接头8和快卸装置2的控制，使第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6和第三快插接头8脱离电池模组3，快卸装置2解除对电池模组3的固定，使电池模组3与基础框架11、低压电连接模块7、高压电连接模块5及热管理模块脱离连接，将固定在基础框架11上发生热失控的电池模组3进行快速脱落，避免因为即将发生的热失控行为蔓延到全部电池模组3带来整车损害。
汽车自带有旁路系统和高低压系统，在发生故障的电池模组3脱落之后，汽车的旁路系统维持汽车的热管理系统和高低压系统运行，继续维持剩余的电池模组3进行工作，之后集成控制车辆使用剩余的电池模组3继续行驶。旁路系统维持汽车热管理系统和高低压系统，主要解决两个问题，一是维持剩余的电池模组3继续工作；二是确保故障的电池模组3脱落后车辆电路的串并联保持完整，不影响整个车辆的运行。
当车辆发生对电池模组3有损害的意外情况时，通过控制系统对电池模组3进行预判，提前通知驾驶员减速停车，通过售后平台指导控制系统对有问题的电池模组3进行脱落。
该电池模组3设置于底盘1上的形式解决了单个电池模组3热失控将损坏整个电池包的问题；而且还解决了单个电池模组3快速拆装维修的问题；车辆在碰撞过程中，电池模组3受损起火的问题；再者，可以使用同一种电池模组3的成组平台完成不同车辆的电量需求布置。
示例性地，如图6-图10所示，快卸装置2包括卡钩组件和转动组件21，底盘 1上设置有安装座113。本实施例中，安装座113可以设置于车架横梁112上，也可以设置于车架纵梁111上，或者，在车架纵梁111和车架横梁112上均设置有安装座113。
转动组件21包括转动设置在安装座113上的转钩211。卡钩组件包括卡钩槽31，卡钩槽31设置于电池模组3上。转钩211具有锁紧位置和松脱位置，当电池模组3处于车辆上的预设安装位置时，转钩211旋转至锁紧位置，转钩211卡接于卡钩槽31内；当转钩211旋转至松脱位置时，转钩211与卡钩槽31分离。本实施例提供的快卸装置2结构简单，通过转钩211卡接于卡钩槽31内锁紧固定电池模组3，不会因车辆运行过程中的抖动而松脱，由于电池模组3自身的重力不需要增加其他用于限制转钩211位置的结构，又提高了电池模组3固定在底盘1上的稳定程度，缩短了操作时间，减少了锁紧电池模组3的时间，提高了拆装电池模组3的效率。
示例性地，如图7所示，当锁紧电池模组3时，电池模组3处于预设的安装位置，快卸装置2的转钩211处于锁紧位置，转钩211卡接于卡钩槽31内，锁紧电池模组3。如图10所示，当拆卸电池模组3时，快卸装置2的转钩211处于松脱位置，转钩211脱出卡钩槽31，电池模组3因自身重力向下落，自动完成拆卸。
在本实施例中，转钩211的表面涂覆有阻尼材料，当锁紧电池模组3时，使转钩211既能够过盈卡接在卡钩槽31内，又增大了转钩211与卡钩槽31之间的摩擦力，提高了卡接的稳定性；当拆卸电池模组3时又不阻碍转钩211脱出卡钩槽31，提高了快卸装置2的实用性。
在本实施例中，电池模组3上相对的两侧锁紧于底盘1上，底盘1在电池模组3的两侧中的每一侧均设置有安装座113，每个安装座113上设置一个转钩211。
在本实施例中，电池模组3相对的两侧设有卡钩槽31。当电池模组3处于车辆的预设安装位置时，底盘1上的转钩211卡接于电池模组3两侧的卡钩槽31。
可选地，电池模组3的两侧分别设有至少两个凸块32，卡钩槽31开设于凸块32的上表面，转钩211的位置和数量与凸块32对应。设置至少两个凸块32能够增加转钩211与电池模组3的连接位置数量，增加了电池模组3固定后的稳定性。
在本实施例中，电池模组3的两侧分别设有两个凸块32，每个凸块32上开设有一个卡钩槽31。
在本实施例中，卡钩槽31沿转钩211的转动轴线方向延伸至凸块32两侧并与凸块32的两侧端面连通，增大了卡钩槽31与转钩211之间的接触面积，提高了锁 紧电池模组3的稳定性。
可选地，如图8所示，转动组件21还包括转动轴212，转动轴212设置为转动以带动转钩211转动。转钩211的第一端与转动轴212的第一端连接，转钩211第二端呈弧形设置并设置为卡接于卡钩槽31内。且转动轴212的第二端转动连接于安装座113的一侧。
在本实施例中，转钩211与转动轴212同轴且旋转轴线沿水平方向设置，转动轴212朝向转钩211的圆周面上凸设有第一连接台2122。转钩211的第一端固定于第一连接台2122上，转钩211的第二端与转动轴212间隔设置并可卡接于卡钩槽31内。转动轴212上凸设有第一连接台2122，且转钩211的第一端连接于第一连接台2122，有利于转钩211的第二端与转动轴212间隔设置，便于转钩211的第二端卡接于卡钩槽31。
在本实施例中，转钩211设置为圆弧形，为了保证电池模组3锁紧的稳定性，卡钩槽31的槽截面形状为与转钩211相配合的圆弧形。且为了保证转钩211的强度及锁紧的稳定性，可根据电池模组3的重量调节转钩211的轴向宽度与径向厚度，卡钩槽31在转钩211轴向方向的开槽宽度与在转钩211径向方向的槽截面厚度也随之调整。
可选地，转钩211朝向转动轴212的内圆周面上开设有齿槽2111，第一连接台2122上设有齿2121，齿2121啮合于齿槽2111内。保证转动轴212转动时能够带动转钩211同步转动，提高了电池模组3的锁紧稳定性。
在本实施例中，转钩211朝向转动轴212的圆弧面上凸出设有第二连接台，第二连接台与转动轴212上的第一连接台2122连接，第二连接台上开设有齿槽2111，第一连接台2122上的齿2121啮合于齿槽2111内。
可选地，转动组件21还包括驱动电机。驱动电机的输出轴连接于转动轴212，能够控制转动轴212自动转动。锁紧或拆卸电池模组3时，转钩211能够自动的卡接或脱出于卡钩槽31，提高了快卸装置2的自动化程度和使用便利性。
可选地，如图9所示，转动组件21还包括联动轴213。联动轴213的两端与相邻的两个旋转轴线重合的转动轴212连接，能够保证多根转动轴212同步转动，提高了锁紧电池模组3的精准度，同时使用一个驱动电机可同时驱动至少两根转动轴212同步转动，从而减少了驱动电机的数量需求，降低了成本。驱动电机与控制系统电性连接，由控制系统控制驱动电机驱动联动轴213转动，进而驱动转动轴212转动，以使转钩211转动。
在本实施例中，置于电池模组3同一侧的底盘1上的两个转动轴212为同轴线设置，故电池模组3同一侧的两个转动轴212之间连接有联动轴213，且其中一个转动轴212连接于驱动电机的输出轴。
可选地，安装座113设置为板状，安装座113的第一端一体连接于底盘1上，第二端与转钩211的端部平齐，呈圆弧状。转动轴212的第二端转动连接于安装座113的一侧。当锁紧电池模组3时，即电池模组3处于车辆上的预设安装位置时，安装座113的下表面与凸块32的上表面贴合。当安装座113与电池模组3的开槽面接触时，可以判断电池模组3处于锁紧位置，减少了定位电池模组3的时间，提高了拆装电池模组3的效率。
在本实施例中，在转钩211轴向方向上，卡钩槽31的开槽宽度不小于转钩211与板状安装座113的厚度之和。
在其他实施例中，安装座113第二端的大小应该保证当电池模组3向转钩211移动的过程中，不干扰电池模组3的移动即可，在此不作限定。
控制系统设置为控制驱动电机驱动转钩211转过预设的角度。当需要锁紧固定电池模组3且电池模组3处于底盘1上的预设安装位置时，控制系统设置为控制驱动电机驱动转钩211逆时针或顺时针转动至锁紧位置，使转钩211能够卡接在卡钩槽31内，实现锁紧电池模组3；当电池模组3需要拆卸时，控制系统设置为控制驱动电机驱动转钩211向相反方向转动至松脱位置，使转钩211能够从卡钩槽31内脱出，电池由于自身重力向下落，完成拆卸电池模组3。设置控制系统提高了锁紧系统的自动化程度与使用便利性。
在其他实施例中，安装座113底面还可以设置有压力传感器，当电池模组3向底盘1上的预设安装位置移动的过程中，安装座113的底面与电池模组3开设卡钩槽31的开槽面相对靠近，压力传感器受到的压力超过预设压力最大值时，控制系统还设置为自动启动驱动电机带动转钩211转动至锁紧位置，使转钩211能够卡接在卡钩槽31内，实现锁紧电池模组3。
在其它实施例中，快卸装置2也可以是其他的快卸机构，只要是能够实现将电池模组3快速安装于安装位上，并且由控制系统控制快卸装置2快速地解除对电池模组3的固定，能够使电池模组3从底盘1上脱落即可，在此不再做其他具体限定。
示例性地，如图11-图14所示，电池模组3上设置有连接凸缘33，连接凸缘33上设置有插装孔。
第一快插接头4包括插柱41、弹性胀紧组件和限位凸缘44。插柱41的第一端贯穿插装孔，插柱41上设置有腔室411，插柱41第一端的外周壁上设置有与腔室411相连通的通孔412。通孔412上设置有弹性胀紧组件，弹性胀紧组件能够部分外露于插柱41的外周壁，并抵压于连接凸缘33的下表面。示例性地，弹性胀紧组件包括弹性密封件42和钢珠43，弹性密封件42密封设置于通孔412上，且位于通孔412与腔室411相连的位置。钢珠43容纳于通孔412内，且位于弹性密封件42的外侧，钢珠43能够完全位于通孔412内，也可以在弹性密封件42的作用下部分伸出外露于插柱41的外周壁。第一快插接头4插于电池模组3上时，钢珠43能够部分伸出于插柱41的外周壁，以使钢珠43能够抵压于连接凸缘33的下表面。限位凸缘44环设于插柱41的外周壁上，限位凸缘44的下端面抵压于连接凸缘33的上表面。钢珠43和限位凸缘44相配合能够将第一块插头4固定于电池模组3上。
本实施例中，如图12-图14所示，弹性胀紧组件共有五个，即弹性密封件42和钢珠43各有五个，在其它实施例中弹性胀紧组件也可以为一个、两个、三个、四个或者六个甚至更多个，限位凸缘44为圆环状结构，限位凸缘44环绕凸设于插柱41的外周壁上，可以是焊接固定也可以是与插装41一体成型，本实施例中限位凸缘44和插柱41一体成型。同时，为了使得钢珠43能够在对应的通孔412内移动且部分伸出于插柱41的外周壁，本实施例中，钢珠43的直径大于通孔412的未密封设置弹性密封件42的一端的孔径。而为了保证插柱411的腔室411始终处于密封状态，避免腔室411内的压力通过通孔412泄出，本实施例的弹性密封件42为弹性橡胶材质，其形状近似呈球壳状，弹性密封件42的壳体开口端过盈配合的固定在通孔412连通腔室411的一端上，弹性密封件42的壳体开口和通孔412之间形成容纳钢珠43的容纳空间，钢珠43可以活动的装配在容纳空间内，由于钢珠43无法从通孔412中被胀出脱落，而弹性密封件42的壳体开口端始终保持过盈配合的固定在通孔412的连通腔室411的一端上，进而使得腔室411内的压力无法通过通孔412泄出。
在插柱41上沿插柱41的轴向上设置有输油通道413。插柱41的顶端连接有分流管(图中未示出)，分流管连接于油泵，通过油泵和分流管可以向输油通道413输送液压油，以向腔室411内通入液压油，使腔室411内的压力增加，使弹性密封件42推动钢珠43向外运动，以使钢珠43抵压于连接凸缘33的下表面。在液压油的作用下，钢珠43不会向内运动，能够使钢珠43和限位凸缘44相配合将第一快插接头4固定于连接凸缘33上。
当取消液压油对弹性密封件42的压力，虽然在弹性密封件42的弹性支撑下，钢珠43能够抵靠于连接凸缘33的下表面上，但是由于弹性密封件42能够弹性形变，且失去了腔室411内的胀紧压力支持，因此当钢珠43伸出于插柱41的外周壁的一端受到来自连接凸缘33的下表面的挤压力时，弹性密封件42会发生形变，同时钢珠43会缩回通孔412内，进而无法再对连接凸缘33的下表面产生支撑力，电池模组3则会在重力作用下便可自动脱落，实现电池模组3的快速拆卸。
油泵由控制系统进行控制，控制系统控制油泵向腔室411内输送液压油，使腔室411内的压力增加，使弹性密封件42推动钢珠43向外运动，以使钢珠43抵压于连接凸缘33的下表面。
在其它实施例中，也可以通过与控制系统电性连接的高压气缸，有高压气缸通过输油通道413向腔室411内输送高压气体，由高压气体驱使弹性密封件42推动钢珠43向外运动，以使钢珠43抵压于连接凸缘33的下表面。由于液压驱动和气压驱动的原理及控制电路为相关技术，故也不再对其进行赘述。
示例性地，为了能够有效保持多个插柱41的腔室411内的胀紧压力，本实施例中，还包括二位二通电控阀(图中未示出)。其中，二位二通电控阀的入口与油泵的出口连通，二位二通电控阀的出口与分流管的入口连通。当需要向多个腔室411内输送高压液压油，进而进行胀紧连接时，二位二通电控阀首先处于打开状态，并保持打开状态预设时间，比如3-5秒；当油泵将高压油泵送到多个腔室411内，且钢珠43被压紧抵靠于每个通孔412的未设置弹性密封件42的一端的孔壁上而无法移动后，二位二通电控阀达到关闭时间时则会自动关闭，进而锁住多个腔室411内的压力，起到保压的作用。此时，油泵也停止工作，进而完成电池模组3通过第一插接头4锁紧在底盘1上的锁紧工作。当需要泄压来拆卸电池模组3时，二位二通电控阀打开，且油泵不进行工作，此时多个腔室411内的压力便可以沿着分流管、油泵、油箱的路径完成泄压，第一快插接头4不再胀紧连接电池模组3，电池模组3在重力作用下自动脱离，进而完成拆卸工作。
本实施例中上述的第一快插接头4仅仅是一种示例性的结构，在其它实施例中，第一快插接头4也可以是其他的快插结构，只要是能够承受高压电流，且能够受控制系统控制快速从电池模组3上脱落即可，在此不再做其他具体限定性的赘述。
第二快插接头6的结构可以与第一快插接头4的结构类似，也可以是其他的快插结构，只要是能够承受抵压电流，且能够受控制系统控制快速从电池模组3 上脱落即可，在此不再做其他具体限定性的赘述。
本实施例还公开了一种车辆，其包括上述的底盘组件，底盘组件的电池模组3为车辆的运行提供电能。
本申请的有益效果：当车辆发生意外情况时，控制系统通过车辆的碰撞传感器等，检测到车架即将受到损坏时，如果车速较快，则先控制车速降到30km/h以下，然后启动对电压电连接组件和快卸装置2的控制，使电压电连接组件脱离电池模组3，快卸装置2解除对电池模组3的固定，使电池模组3与底盘1及电压电连接组件脱离连接，并使电池模组3脱落，避免因为即将发生的车架损坏带来对电池模组3的损害。电池模组3通过快卸装置2安装于安装位上，当电池模组3需要更换或维修时，可以仅拆除对应的模组，无需拆解整个电池包。
该电池模组3设置于底盘1上的形式解决了单个模组快速拆装维修的问题；车辆在碰撞过程中，电池模组3受损甚至起火的问题；而且，可以使用同一种电池成组平台完成不同车辆的电量需求布置。由于电池模组3直接设置于底盘1上，整车布置上将有更大空间用于车架横梁112和车架纵梁111，以及防护结构的布置，显著增加碰撞吸能区域，显著改善模组或者电池在碰撞后受到的应力或自身应变。
此外，当车辆在行驶过程中或静止泊车状态发生热失控时，控制系统通过电池模组3内的温度检测件检测到电池模组3发生热失控时，控制系统启动对第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6、第三快插接头8和快卸装置2的控制，使第一快插接头4、第二快插接头6和第三快插接头8脱离电池模组3，快卸装置2解除对电池模组3的固定，使电池模组3与基础框架11、低压电连接模块7、高压电连接模块5及热管理模块脱离连接，将固定在基础框架11上的发生热失控的电池模组3进行快速脱落，避免因为即将发生的热失控行为蔓延到全部电池模组3带来整车损害。
当车辆发生对电池模组有损害的意外情况时，通过控制系统对电池模组3进行预判，提前通知驾驶员减速停车，或通过售后平台指导控制系统对有问题的电池模组进行脱落。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种底盘组件，包括：
    底盘(1)，设置有多个安装位，所述底盘(1)设置为安装电池模组(3)；
    快卸装置(2)，所述电池模组(3)通过所述快卸装置(2)安装于所述安装位上，所述快卸装置(2)受控制系统控制；
    电压电连接组件，与所述电池模组(3)快插电性连接，所述电压电连接组件受所述控制系统控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的底盘组件，其中，所述电压电连接组件包括：
    高压电连接组件，与所述电池模组(3)快插电性连接，且受所述控制系统控制；
    低压电连接组件，与所述电池模组(3)快插电性连接，且受所述控制系统控制。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的底盘组件，其中，所述高压电连接组件包括：
    第一快插接头(4)；
    高压电连接模块(5)，设置为通过所述第一快插接头(4)与所述电池模组(3)电性连接；
    所述第一快插接头(4)与所述控制系统电性连接，所述控制系统设置为控制所述第一快插接头(4)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的底盘组件，其中，所述低压电连接组件包括：
    第二快插接头(6)；
    低压电连接模块(7)，设置为通过所述第二快插接头(6)与所述电池模组(3)电性连接；
    所述第二快插接头(6)与所述控制系统电性连接，所述控制系统还设置为控制所述第二快插接头(6)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的底盘组件，还包括热管理模块和第三快插接头(8)，所述热管理模块通过所述第三快插接头(8)与所述电池模组(3)电性连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的底盘组件，其中，所述底盘(1)包括基础框架(11)，所述基础框架(11)包括至少两个平行设置的车架纵梁(111)和与所述车架纵梁(111)垂直设置的至少两个车架横梁(112)，所述至少两个车架横梁(112)固定于所述车架纵梁(111)上，所述电池模组(3)通过所述快卸装置(2)固定于所述基础框架(11)上，所述低压电连接模块(7)安装于所述基础框架(11)上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的底盘组件，其中，所述车架纵梁(111)为两个，每个车架横梁(112)的两端分别固定于所述两个车架纵梁(111)上，两个相邻的所述车架横梁(112)之间形成有所述安装位，所述基础框架(11)上形成有一排所述安装位。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的底盘组件，其中，所述车架纵梁(111)为三个，所述三个车架纵梁(111)依次间隔设置，每个车架横梁(112)设置于相邻两个所述车架纵梁(111)之间，且所述每个车架横梁(112)的两端分别固定于所述相邻两个车架纵梁(111)上，两个相邻的所述车架横梁(112)之间形成有所述安装位，所述基础框架(11)上形成有两排所述安装位。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的底盘组件，其中，所述电池模组(3)与所述安装位相匹配设置，所述电池模组(3)的四角或任一相对的两个侧面通过所述快卸装置(2)固定于所述基础框架(11)上。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的底盘组件，其中，所述底盘(1)还包括下车身地板(12)，所述下车身地板(12)固定于所述基础框架(11)上，且覆盖在所述电池模组(3)的上方，所述高压电连接模块(5)设置于所述下车身地板(12)上。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的底盘组件，其中，所述高压电连接模块(5)上设置有多个高压线缆(51)，所述第一快插接头(4)设置于所述高压线缆(51)远离所述高压电连接模块(5)的一端。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述的底盘组件，其中，所述低压电连接模块(7)上设置有多个低压线缆(71)，所述第二快插接头(6)设置于所述低压线缆(71)远离所述低压电连接模块(7)的一端。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的底盘组件，其中，所述电池模组(3)上设置有温度检测件，所述温度检测件与所述控制系统电性连接。
  14. 根据权利要求6所述的底盘组件，还包括灭火装置，所述灭火装置设置于所述基础框架(11)上，且与所述控制系统电性连接，所述灭火装置设置为对所述电池模组(3)灭火。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的底盘组件，其中，所述快卸装置(2)包括：
    转动组件(21)，所述转动组件(21)包括转动设置在所述底盘(1)上的转钩(211)，所述转钩(211)具有锁紧位置和松脱位置；
    卡钩组件，所述卡钩组件包括卡钩槽(31)，所述卡钩槽(31)设置于所述 电池模组(3)上，所述转钩(211)设置为：当所述电池模组(3)处于所述底盘(1)上的预设安装位置且所述转钩(211)旋转至所述锁紧位置时，卡接于所述卡钩槽(31)内；当所述电池模组(3)处于所述底盘(1)上的预设安装位置且所述转钩(211)旋转至所述松脱位置时，与所述卡钩槽(31)分离。
  16. 根据权利要求3所述的底盘组件，其中，所述电池模组(3)上设置有连接凸缘(33)，所述连接凸缘(33)上设置有插装孔；
    所述第一快插接头(4)包括：
    插柱(41)，所述插柱(41)的第一端贯穿所述插装孔，所述插柱(41)上设置有腔室(411)，所述插柱(41)的第一端的外周壁上设置有与所述腔室(411)相连通的通孔(412)；
    弹性胀紧组件，所述通孔(412)上设置有所述弹性胀紧组件，所述弹性胀紧组件能够部分外露于所述插柱(41)的外周壁，并抵压于所述连接凸缘(33)的下表面；
    限位凸缘(44)，环设于所述插柱(41)的外周壁上，所述限位凸缘(44)的下端面抵压于所述连接凸缘(33)的上表面。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的底盘组件，其中，所述弹性胀紧组件包括：
    弹性密封件(42)，密封设置于所述通孔(412)上；
    钢珠(43)，容纳于所述通孔(412)内，且位于所述弹性密封件(42)的外侧；
    所述第一快插接头(4)插于所述电池模组(3)上时，所述钢珠(43)能够部分伸出于所述插柱(41)的外周壁，以使所述钢珠(43)能够抵压于所述连接凸缘(33)的下表面。
  18. 一种车辆，包括如权利要求1-17中任一项所述的底盘组件。
PCT/CN2020/106925 2020-05-27 2020-08-05 底盘组件及车辆 WO2021237937A1 (zh)

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