WO2021254130A1 - 动力电池总成及车辆 - Google Patents

动力电池总成及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254130A1
WO2021254130A1 PCT/CN2021/097108 CN2021097108W WO2021254130A1 WO 2021254130 A1 WO2021254130 A1 WO 2021254130A1 CN 2021097108 W CN2021097108 W CN 2021097108W WO 2021254130 A1 WO2021254130 A1 WO 2021254130A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power battery
assembly
housing
voltage
wiring harness
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/097108
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢军
乔延涛
姜云峰
刘鹏
周琪
于鹏
王明
Original Assignee
中国第一汽车股份有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国第一汽车股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021254130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254130A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of power batteries for vehicles, for example, to a power battery assembly and a vehicle.
  • fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of high power generation efficiency, zero emissions, no pollution, high specific energy, low noise, and high reliability.
  • the development prospects of fuel cell vehicles are very broad.
  • the actual fuel cell vehicle needs to match the power battery system in addition to the fuel cell stack during the operation stage.
  • the power battery system mainly ensures the low-speed running of the vehicle, the recovery of braking energy, and the energy adjustment of the fuel cell engine system. Its importance is self-evident.
  • the existing fuel cell for example, when an accident occurs, when the temperature or pressure of the fuel cell is too high, the fuel cell may be damaged, and safety accidents such as a fuel cell explosion may even occur.
  • the present application provides a power battery assembly and a vehicle, which can adjust the pressure and temperature of the power battery assembly to ensure safe and stable use.
  • an embodiment provides a power battery assembly, including:
  • a plurality of power battery modules, the plurality of power battery modules are connected in series and arranged in the housing assembly;
  • the high-voltage plug connector is arranged on the housing assembly and is arranged to connect to external electrical equipment;
  • a power distribution box is arranged in the housing assembly, and the power distribution box is connected to the high-voltage plug connector and the plurality of power battery modules;
  • An explosion-proof valve is arranged on the housing assembly, and the explosion-proof valve is arranged to relieve pressure of the housing assembly;
  • the battery thermal management system is arranged in the housing assembly, and the battery thermal management system is arranged to cool or heat the plurality of power battery modules.
  • the housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing that are hermetically connected, the plurality of power battery modules and the power distribution box are arranged in the lower housing, the high-voltage plug and the The explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side wall of the lower casing.
  • a sealing gasket is provided between the upper casing and the lower casing.
  • it further includes a high-voltage wiring harness, the plurality of power battery modules are connected in series through the high-voltage wiring harness, and the plurality of power battery modules are connected to the power distribution box through the high-voltage wiring harness.
  • the electrical box and the high-voltage plug connector are connected through the high-voltage wire harness.
  • the battery thermal management system includes a cooling plate and a cooling pipe, the cooling plate is arranged in the lower housing, the plurality of power battery modules are arranged on the cooling plate, and the cooling plate is A cooling channel is provided, and the cooling pipe is in communication with the cooling channel of the cooling plate.
  • control assembly further includes a control assembly and a low-voltage wiring harness.
  • the control assembly includes a control main board and a control sub-board. The control main board and the control sub-board are connected through the low-voltage wiring harness, and the power battery module is connected to the The control sub-board is connected through the low-voltage wiring harness.
  • an insulation detector is further included, the insulation detector is arranged in the lower housing, and the insulation detector is arranged to detect the insulation resistance of the power battery assembly.
  • a plurality of connecting ears are provided on the outer side of the lower housing, and a bushing is provided on each of the connecting ears.
  • bracket further includes a bracket, the bracket includes a supporting plate and a mounting plate that are connected to each other, the supporting plate is fixed on the lower housing, the mounting plate is located above the power battery module, the The control main board, the control sub-board, and the insulation detector are arranged on the mounting board.
  • an embodiment provides a vehicle including the power battery assembly as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power battery assembly provided by the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the power battery assembly provided by the present application (excluding the upper casing);
  • Fig. 3 is a partial structural diagram of the power battery assembly provided by the present application.
  • housing assembly 11, lower housing; 111, connecting ear; 112, bushing; 12, upper housing; 13, sealing gasket;
  • the "above” or “below” of the first feature of the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through other features between them.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the second feature of the first feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature include the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • this embodiment discloses a power battery assembly, which includes a housing assembly 1, a plurality of power battery modules 2, a high-voltage plug connector 3, a power distribution box 4, an explosion-proof valve 5, Battery thermal management system 6, high-voltage wiring harness, control assembly 7, low-voltage wiring harness 73 and insulation detector 8.
  • the housing assembly 1 structurally includes an upper housing 12 and a lower housing 11 that are connected in a sealed manner.
  • a gasket 13 is arranged between the upper housing 12 and the lower housing 11.
  • the sealing gasket 13 can ensure the sealing performance of the housing assembly 1 .
  • the lower shell 11 has a relatively deep depth. As a mounting point for other components of the power battery assembly, the upper shell 12 mainly cooperates with the lower shell 11 to play a sealing role.
  • the lower shell 11 is welded with aluminum alloy profiles, which ensures the structural strength of the power battery assembly and can also realize the lightweight design of the assembly. Moreover, the aluminum profile can absorb a certain amount of energy after the power battery assembly is impacted, and protect the internal components from further damage.
  • the upper shell 12 is made of long glass fiber non-metallic material, which mainly plays a role of covering and protecting. After the power battery module 2 in the shell assembly 1 has thermal failure, it can absorb a certain amount of energy and reduce thermal runaway. Damage to the car.
  • the housing assembly 1 is T-shaped, and the housing assembly 1 includes a first bearing portion and a second bearing portion that are connected to each other in shape.
  • the second bearing portion is arranged perpendicular to the first bearing portion and connected to the middle of the first bearing portion part.
  • the width of the first bearing part is relatively large, which is mainly used as the bearing part of the power battery module 2, and can ensure that the center of gravity of the power battery assembly is located at the first bearing part, that is, at the rear, ensuring the stability and stability of the power battery assembly.
  • Firmness is relatively large, which is mainly used as the bearing part of the power battery module 2, and can ensure that the center of gravity of the power battery assembly is located at the first bearing part, that is, at the rear, ensuring the stability and stability of the power battery assembly.
  • a plurality of connecting ears 111 are provided on the outer side of the lower housing 11, and a bushing 112 is provided on the connecting ears 111.
  • two connecting ears 111 are respectively provided on both ends of the first bearing part, and one connecting ear 111 is respectively provided on both sides of the second bearing part.
  • the bushing 112 is two screw sleeves made of steel that are screwed together, which can protect the connecting ear 111 on the lower shell 11 from being crushed when the power battery assembly is fixed on the vehicle body.
  • a plurality of power battery modules 2 connected in series are arranged in the lower shell 11, and the plurality of power battery modules 2 are connected in series through a high-voltage wiring harness to form a high-voltage circuit, and the high-voltage wiring harness is a high-voltage resistant copper bar.
  • a majority of power battery modules 2 are arranged side by side in the first bearing part, and a small amount of power battery modules 2 are arranged in the second bearing part.
  • the power battery module 2 is welded on the installation position, and there is no need to specially set the installation position on the lower shell 11, which can meet the complex structural design and realize the universal design.
  • the power distribution box 4 (the high-voltage power distribution box 4 in this embodiment) is arranged in the lower housing 11 and is located in the second carrying part.
  • the power distribution box 4 and the power battery module 2 are connected by a high-voltage wiring harness 74.
  • the high-voltage power distribution box 4 is mainly configured to control the on-off of the high-voltage output circuit and detect current and voltage, and is also configured to connect the high-voltage circuit inside and outside the power battery assembly.
  • the high-voltage plug connector 3 and the explosion-proof valve 5 are both arranged on the side wall of the lower housing 11.
  • the high-voltage plug connector 3 is arranged at the end of the second carrying part and is connected to the power distribution box 4 through a high-voltage wiring harness 74.
  • the high-voltage plug connector 3 is configured to connect to external electrical equipment. In this embodiment, it is mainly connected to the motor of the vehicle to provide electrical energy for the motor to drive the vehicle to run.
  • the explosion-proof valve 5 is set to relieve pressure, mainly because thermal runaway occurs inside the power battery assembly, causing the power battery module 2 to eject high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the internal pressure of the housing assembly 1 will increase sharply, so the explosion-proof valve 5 is set Relieve the pressure of the housing assembly 1 to prevent unnecessary safety accidents caused by the high-voltage explosion of the power battery assembly.
  • the battery thermal management system 6 is arranged in the housing assembly 1, and the battery thermal management system 6 is arranged to cool or heat the power battery module 2.
  • the battery thermal management system 6 includes a cooling plate 61 and a cooling pipe 62.
  • the cooling plate 61 is disposed in the lower casing 11 and fixed on the bottom plate of the lower casing 11.
  • the power battery module 2 is arranged on the cooling plate 61, and partitions are arranged between the laterally and longitudinally adjacent power battery modules 2, and the partitions are welded and sealed, and the partitions form multiple chambers.
  • the power battery The module 2 is arranged in the chamber. When a power battery module 2 is damaged and leaked, it will not spread to other chambers, effectively ensuring the sealing performance of the entire power battery assembly.
  • the cooling plate 61 is provided with a cooling channel 611, the first end of the cooling pipe 62 is connected to the cooling plate 61 and communicates with the cooling channel 611, and the second end of the cooling pipe 62 is connected to an external coolant supply device (in this embodiment, the vehicle).
  • the thermal management cooling system of the lower casing 11 is welded with a water pipe joint at the end of the second bearing part of the lower shell 11, and the cooling pipe 62 is connected to an external cooling liquid supply device through the water pipe joint.
  • the water pipe joint is welded to the lower shell 11, which avoids installing a plate joint at the end of the lower shell 11, and ensures the consistent sealing performance of the entire shell assembly 1 and the structural strength of the lower shell 11.
  • the cooling liquid supply equipment passes the cooling liquid to the cooling plate 61 through the cooling pipe 62 to cool or heat the power battery module 2, so that the temperature of the power battery module 2 is stabilized in a reasonable temperature range, and the power battery module 2 is guaranteed to work. stability.
  • the cooling plate 61 is brazed from an aluminum alloy stamping plate, and a cooling channel 611 is formed inside the cooling channel 611, and the cooling channel 611 is configured to pass a flowing cooling liquid to realize heating or cooling of the power battery module 2.
  • the main material of the cooling pipe 62 is nylon, and the cooling pipe 62 is a nylon light pipe, and the two ends are provided with quick-insertion structures to facilitate the connection with the cooling plate 61 and the external cooling liquid supply equipment.
  • the cooling pipe 62 is provided with a temperature sensor, which is set to detect the temperature of the cooling liquid, so as to facilitate the temperature monitoring of the power battery module 2.
  • the insulation detector 8 is arranged in the lower casing 11 and is arranged to detect the insulation resistance of the power battery assembly.
  • the control assembly 7 includes a control main board 71 and a control sub-board 72.
  • the control main board 71 and the control sub-board 72 are connected through a low-voltage wiring harness 73, and the power battery module 2 and the control sub-board 72 are connected through a low-voltage wiring harness 73.
  • the explosion-proof valve 5, the temperature sensor on the cooling pipe 62, the insulation detector 8 and the power distribution box 4 are all connected to the control main board 71 through a low-voltage wiring harness 73.
  • the control board 71 is also connected to an external low-voltage circuit through a low-voltage wiring harness 73.
  • the number of control sub-boards 72 is multiple (for example, four), and the multiple control sub-boards 72 are distributed in the lower casing 11.
  • the power battery assembly further includes a bracket 9, which includes a supporting plate 92 and a mounting plate 91 connected to each other.
  • the supporting plate 92 is fixed on the lower housing 11, and the mounting plate 91 is located above the power battery module 2.
  • the control main board 71, the control sub-board 72, and the insulation detector 8 are all arranged on the mounting board 91.
  • the material of the bracket 9 is steel, which can effectively prevent the impact of the battery caused by the ejected gas, delay the thermal runaway of the power battery module 2, and provide more escape time for the passengers on the vehicle.
  • the high-voltage plug connector 3 is configured to connect to external electrical equipment, so that the power battery module 2 can transmit electric energy to the external electrical equipment.
  • the high-voltage power distribution box 4 is configured to control the on-off of the high-voltage output circuit and detect current and voltage, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the power battery module 2 and stabilize the current and voltage of the power battery assembly.
  • the explosion-proof valve 5 is set to relieve pressure. After the pressure increases sharply caused by the drastic changes inside the power battery assembly, the pressure of the housing assembly 1 is relieved to prevent unnecessary safety accidents caused by high-pressure explosion of the power battery assembly.
  • the battery thermal management system 6 is configured to cool or heat the power battery module 2, so that the temperature of the power battery module 2 is stabilized within a reasonable temperature range, and the stability of the power battery module 2 is ensured.
  • This embodiment also discloses a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned power battery assembly.
  • a plurality of power battery modules 2 connected in series form a high-voltage circuit as the output voltage of the power battery assembly.
  • the high-voltage plug connector 3 is configured to connect to external electrical equipment, so that the power battery module 2 can transmit electric energy to the external electrical equipment.
  • the high-voltage power distribution box 4 is configured to control the on-off of the high-voltage output circuit and detect current and voltage, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the power battery module 2 and stabilize the current and voltage of the power battery assembly.
  • the explosion-proof valve 5 is set to relieve pressure. After the pressure increases sharply caused by the drastic changes inside the power battery assembly, the pressure of the housing assembly 1 is relieved to prevent unnecessary safety accidents caused by high-pressure explosion of the power battery assembly.
  • the battery thermal management system 6 is configured to cool or heat the power battery module 2, so that the temperature of the power battery module 2 is stabilized within a reasonable temperature range, and the stability of the power battery module 2 is ensured.

Abstract

一种动力电池总成及车辆，动力电池总成包括壳体组件(1)、多个动力电池模组(2)、高压插接头(3)、配电盒(4)、防爆阀(5)及电池热管理系统(6)；多个动力电池模组串联连接且设置在壳体组件内；高压插接头设置于壳体组件上，且设置为连接外部用电设备；配电盒设置于壳体组件内，且连接高压插接头和多个动力电池模组；防爆阀设置于壳体组件上，且设置为对壳体组件进行泄压；电池热管理系统设置于壳体组件内，且设置为冷却或加热多个动力电池模组。

Description

动力电池总成及车辆
本申请要求申请日为2020年6月15日、申请号为202010543538.2的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车用动力电池技术领域，例如涉及一种动力电池总成及车辆。
背景技术
由于燃料电池车具有发电效率高、零排放、无污染、比能量高、噪音低、可靠性高等优点。燃料电池汽车的发展前景非常广阔。但是，实际燃料电池车在运行工作的阶段，除了燃料电池电堆之外，还需要匹配动力电池系统。动力电池系统作为燃料电池车的主要储能部件，主要保证整车低速行驶、制动能量回收、燃料电池发动机系统能量调节等功能，其重要性不言而喻。现有的燃料电池在使用过程中，例如在发生意外情况时，导致燃料电池的温度或压力过高时，会损坏燃料电池，甚至会发生燃料电池爆炸等安全事故。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种动力电池总成及车辆，其能够对动力电池总成的压力和温度进行调节，保证使用安全和稳定。
一方面，一实施例提供一种动力电池总成，包括：
壳体组件；
多个动力电池模组，所述多个动力电池模组串联连接且设置在所述壳体组件内；
高压插接头，设置于所述壳体组件上，且设置为连接外部用电设备；
配电盒，设置于所述壳体组件内，所述配电盒连接所述高压插接头和所述多个动力电池模组；
防爆阀，设置于所述壳体组件上，所述防爆阀设置为对所述壳体组件进行泄压；
电池热管理系统，设置于所述壳体组件内，所述电池热管理系统设置为冷却或加热所述多个动力电池模组。
可选地，所述壳体组件包括密封连接的上壳体和下壳体，所述多个动力电池模组和所述配电盒设置于所述下壳体内，所述高压插接头和所述防爆阀设置于所述下壳体的侧壁上。
可选地，所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间设置有密封垫。
可选地，还包括高压线束，所述多个动力电池模组通过所述高压线束串联，所述多个动力电池模组与所述配电盒之间通过所述高压线束连接，所述配电盒与所述高压插接头之间通过所述高压线束连接。
可选地，所述电池热管理系统包括冷却板和冷却管，所述冷却板设置于所述下壳体内，所述多个动力电池模组设置于所述冷却板上，所述冷却板内设置有冷却通道，所述冷却管与所述冷却板的冷却通道连通。
可选地，还包括控制总成和低压线束，所述控制总成包括控制主板和控制子板，所述控制主板和所述控制子板通过所述低压线束连接，所述动力电池模组与所述控制子板通过所述低压线束连接。
可选地，还包括绝缘检测仪，所述绝缘检测仪设置于所述下壳体内，所述绝缘检测仪设置为检测所述动力电池总成的绝缘阻值。
可选地，所述下壳体的外侧设置有多个连接耳，每个所述连接耳上设置有衬套。
可选地，还包括支架，所述支架包括相连接的支撑板和安装板，所述支撑板固定于所述下壳体上，所述安装板位于所述动力电池模组的上方，所述控制主板、所述控制子板、所述绝缘检测仪设置于所述安装板上。
另一方面，一实施例提供一种车辆，包括如上所述的动力电池总成。
附图说明
图1是本申请提供的动力电池总成的结构示意图；
图2是本申请提供的动力电池总成的结构示意图(不包括上壳体)；
图3是本申请提供的动力电池总成的局部结构示意图。
图中：1、壳体组件；11、下壳体；111、连接耳；112、衬套；12、上壳体；13、密封垫；
2、动力电池模组；3、高压插接头；4、配电盒；5、防爆阀；
6、电池热管理系统；61、冷却板；611、冷却通道；62、冷却管；7、控制总成；71、控制主板；72、控制子板；73、低压线束；74、高压线束；
8、绝缘检测仪；9、支架；91、安装板；92、支撑板。
具体实施方式
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该申请产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
如图1-图3所示，本实施例公开了一种动力电池总成，其包括壳体组件1、多个动力电池模组2、高压插接头3、配电盒4、防爆阀5、电池热管理系统6、 高压线束、控制总成7、低压线束73及绝缘检测仪8。
壳体组件1在结构上包括密封连接的上壳体12和下壳体11，上壳体12和下壳体11之间设置有密封垫13，密封垫13可以保证壳体组件1的密封性。下壳体11的深度较深，作为动力电池总成的其他组件的安装点，上壳体12主要是配合下壳体11起密封的作用。
下壳体11为铝合金型材焊接而成，其保证了动力电池总成的结构强度，还能够实现总成的轻量化设计。而且，铝型材在动力电池总成受到碰撞后能够吸收一定的能量，保护其内部的部件不受进一步的伤害。上壳体12由长玻纤非金属材料制得，主要起覆盖保护的作用，在壳体组件1内的动力电池模组2发生热失效后，能够吸收一定的能量，减小热失控对整车的损坏。
壳体组件1呈T型，壳体组件1在形状上包括相互连接的第一承载部和第二承载部，第二承载部垂直于第一承载部设置，且连接于第一承载部的中间部分。第一承载部的宽度较大，主要作为动力电池模组2的承载部分，且能够保证动力电池总成的重心位于第一承载部，即位于后部，保证了动力电池总成的稳定性和牢固性。
下壳体11的外侧设置有多个连接耳111，连接耳111上设置有衬套112。可选地，在第一承载部的两端分别设置有两个连接耳111，在第二承载部的两侧分别设置有一个连接耳111。衬套112是用钢材做成的两个相互旋合的螺丝套，相互旋合之后可以保护在动力电池总成固定在车身上时防止下壳体11上的连接耳111被压溃。
下壳体11内设置有多个串联的动力电池模组2，多个动力电池模组2通过高压线束串联，形成高压回路，高压线束为耐高压铜排。在第一承载部内并排设置有大多数的动力电池模组2，在第二承载部内设置有少量的动力电池模组2。动力电池模组2焊接在安装位上，不需要在下壳体11上特意开设安装位，可以满足复杂的结构设计，实现通用化设计。
配电盒4(本实施例中的为高压配电盒4)设置于下壳体11内，且位于第二承载部内，配电盒4和动力电池模组2之间通过高压线束74连接。高压配电盒4主要设置为控制高压输出回路的通断及检测电流电压，还设置为连接动力电池总成内外的高压回路。高压插接头3和防爆阀5均设置于下壳体11的侧壁上，示例性地，高压插接头3设置于第二承载部的端部，且与配电盒4通过高压线束74连接。高压插接头3设置为连接外部用电设备，本实施例中主要是连 接车辆的电机，为电机驱动车辆运行提供电能。防爆阀5设置为泄压，主要是在动力电池总成的内部发生热失控，导致动力电池模组2喷射出高温高压气体后，壳体组件1的内部压力会急剧增加，因此设置防爆阀5对壳体组件1进行泄压，防止高压撑爆动力电池总成引起不必要的安全事故。
电池热管理系统6设置于壳体组件1内，电池热管理系统6设置为冷却或加热动力电池模组2。可选地，电池热管理系统6包括冷却板61和冷却管62，冷却板61设置于下壳体11内，固定于下壳体11的底板上。动力电池模组2设置于冷却板61上，而且在横向和纵向相邻的动力电池模组2之间设置有隔板，隔板之间焊接密封连接，隔板形成多个腔室，动力电池模组2设置于腔室内。当一个动力电池模组2发生破损泄漏后，不会蔓延到其他腔室中，有效地保证了整个动力电池总成的密封性能。
冷却板61内设置有冷却通道611，冷却管62的第一端连接于冷却板61且与冷却通道611连通，冷却管62的第二端连接于外部冷却液供给设备(本实施例中为车辆的热管理冷却系统)，在下壳体11的第二承载部的端部焊接有水管接头，冷却管62通过水管接头与外部冷却液供给设备连接。水管接头焊接于下壳体11上，避免了在下壳体11端部安装过板接头，保证了整个壳体组件1的一致密封性能和下壳体11的结构强度。冷却液供给设备通过冷却管62向冷却板61通入冷却液以冷却或加热动力电池模组2，使动力电池模组2的温度稳定在合理的温度范围内，保证动力电池模组2工作的稳定性。
冷却板61是由铝合金冲压板钎焊而成，其内部形成有冷却通道611，冷却通道611设置为通过流动的冷却液，以实现对动力电池模组2的加热或冷却。冷却管62的主要材料为尼龙，冷却管62为尼龙光管，两端设置有快插结构，便于与冷却板61及外部冷却液供给设备连接。冷却管62上设置有温度传感器，设置为检测冷却液的温度，便于对动力电池模组2进行温度监控。
绝缘检测仪8设置于下壳体11内，且设置为检测动力电池总成的绝缘阻值。控制总成7包括控制主板71和控制子板72，控制主板71和控制子板72通过低压线束73连接，动力电池模组2与控制子板72通过低压线束73连接。防爆阀5、冷却管62上的温度传感器、绝缘检测仪8以及配电盒4均通过低压线束73连接于控制主板71。控制主板71还通过低压线束73连接于外部低压回路。本实施例中控制子板72的数量为多个(例如四个)，多个控制子板72分布于下壳体11内。
可选地，该动力电池总成还包括支架9，其包括相连接的支撑板92和安装板91，支撑板92固定于下壳体11上，安装板91位于动力电池模组2的上方，控制主板71、控制子板72、绝缘检测仪8均设置于安装板91上。支架9的材质为钢材，可以有效地阻止电池因为喷发气体造成的冲击，延缓动力电池模组2的热失控，为车辆上的乘客提供更多的逃生时间。
多个串联的动力电池模组2形成高压回路，作为动力电池总成的输出电压。高压插接头3设置为连接外部用电设备，使动力电池模组2为外部用电设备输送电能。高压配电盒4设置为控制高压输出回路的通断及检测电流电压，便于对动力电池模组2进行调节，稳定动力电池总成的电流电压。防爆阀5设置为泄压，在动力电池总成的内部发生剧烈变化引起的压力急剧增加之后，对壳体组件1进行泄压，防止高压撑爆动力电池总成引起不必要的安全事故。电池热管理系统6设置为冷却或加热动力电池模组2，使动力电池模组2的温度稳定在合理的温度范围内，保证动力电池模组2工作的稳定性。
本实施例还公开了一种车辆，其包括上述的动力电池总成。
本申请提供的动力电池总成，多个串联的动力电池模组2形成高压回路，作为动力电池总成的输出电压。高压插接头3设置为连接外部用电设备，使动力电池模组2为外部用电设备输送电能。高压配电盒4设置为控制高压输出回路的通断及检测电流电压，便于对动力电池模组2进行调节，稳定动力电池总成的电流电压。防爆阀5设置为泄压，在动力电池总成的内部发生剧烈变化引起的压力急剧增加之后，对壳体组件1进行泄压，防止高压撑爆动力电池总成引起不必要的安全事故。电池热管理系统6设置为冷却或加热动力电池模组2，使动力电池模组2的温度稳定在合理的温度范围内，保证动力电池模组2工作的稳定性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种动力电池总成，包括：
    壳体组件(1)；
    多个动力电池模组(2)，所述多个动力电池模组(2)串联连接且设置在所述壳体组件(1)内；
    高压插接头(3)，设置于所述壳体组件(1)上，且设置为连接外部用电设备；
    配电盒(4)，设置于所述壳体组件(1)内，所述配电盒(4)连接所述高压插接头(3)和所述多个动力电池模组(2)；
    防爆阀(5)，设置于所述壳体组件(1)上，所述防爆阀(5)设置为对所述壳体组件(1)进行泄压；
    电池热管理系统(6)，设置于所述壳体组件(1)内，所述电池热管理系统(6)设置为冷却或加热所述多个动力电池模组(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的动力电池总成，其中，所述壳体组件(1)包括密封连接的上壳体(12)和下壳体(11)，所述多个动力电池模组(2)和所述配电盒(4)设置于所述下壳体(11)内，所述高压插接头(3)和所述防爆阀(5)设置于所述下壳体(11)的侧壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的动力电池总成，其中，所述上壳体(12)和所述下壳体(11)之间设置有密封垫(13)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的动力电池总成，还包括高压线束(74)，所述多个动力电池模组(2)通过所述高压线束(74)串联，所述多个动力电池模组(2)与所述配电盒(4)之间通过所述高压线束(74)连接，所述配电盒(4)与所述高压插接头(3)之间通过所述高压线束(74)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的动力电池总成，其中，所述电池热管理系统(6)包括冷却板(61)和冷却管(62)，所述冷却板(61)设置于所述下壳体(11)内，所述多个动力电池模组(2)设置于所述冷却板(61)上，所述冷却板(61)内设置有冷却通道(611)，所述冷却管(62)与所述冷却板(61)的冷却通道(611)连通。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的动力电池总成，还包括控制总成(7)和低压线束(73)，所述控制总成(7)包括控制主板(71)和控制子板(72)，所述控制主板(71)和所述控制子板(72)通过所述低压线束(73)连接，所述多个动力电池模组(2)与所述控制子板(72)通过所述低压线束(73)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的动力电池总成，还包括绝缘检测仪(8)，所述绝缘检测仪(8)设置于所述下壳体(11)内，所述绝缘检测仪(8)设置为检测所述动力电池总成的绝缘阻值。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的动力电池总成，其中，所述下壳体(11)的外侧设置有多个连接耳(111)，每个所述连接耳(111)上设置有衬套(112)。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的动力电池总成，还包括支架(9)，所述支架(9)包括相连接的支撑板(92)和安装板(91)，所述支撑板(92)固定于所述下壳体(11)上，所述安装板(91)位于所述动力电池模组(2)的上方，所述控制主板(71)、所述控制子板(72)、所述绝缘检测仪(8)设置于所述安装板(91)上。
  10. 一种车辆，包括如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的动力电池总成。
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