WO2021197494A1 - 换电站 - Google Patents

换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021197494A1
WO2021197494A1 PCT/CN2021/085650 CN2021085650W WO2021197494A1 WO 2021197494 A1 WO2021197494 A1 WO 2021197494A1 CN 2021085650 W CN2021085650 W CN 2021085650W WO 2021197494 A1 WO2021197494 A1 WO 2021197494A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
turning
charging
turning part
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/085650
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
Priority to US17/916,309 priority Critical patent/US20240034186A1/en
Publication of WO2021197494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197494A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching station.
  • the field of battery swapping for electric vehicles is mainly divided into chassis swapping and side swapping.
  • the side swapping device is rotated 180° on the surface of the swapping device to make the electrical connection seat Change from facing the vehicle to facing the charging compartment, and then insert the battery into the charging compartment on the other side of the battery replacement device for charging. Due to the constraints of the vehicle's own structure, the current method of replacing electricity on both sides is mostly used. To change the battery on both sides, you need to change the battery pack, rotate the battery pack on the device 180°, and then enter the charging compartment for charging.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of large area occupied by the replacement station, complicated structure of the replacement equipment, and high battery cost in the prior art, and to provide a replacement station.
  • a swap station characterized in that the swap station includes:
  • Car-carrying platform used for power-supply vehicles to park for battery pack replacement
  • a charging device the charging device has a number of charging compartments for storing battery packs, and an electrical connector is provided in the charging compartments for electrically connecting with the battery packs located in the charging compartments for charging;
  • the battery swapping device is used for picking, unloading and transferring the battery between the electric vehicle and the charging warehouse.
  • the battery swapping device has a turning mechanism that is used to carry out the battery pack taken out from the charging warehouse or the electric vehicle. Flip vertically.
  • the turning mechanism in the present invention rotates the battery pack in the form of turning.
  • the space required for the turnover of the battery pack itself is small, and the turnover mechanism is structurally rotated relative to the plane of the replacement equipment can be significantly reduced.
  • the battery replacement device of the present invention can complete the taking and placing of the larger battery pack in the charging station with a smaller space and structure. Therefore, the battery replacement of an electric vehicle using a single large battery pack can be realized under the condition of a smaller area of the replacement station, thereby reducing the cost of the battery pack, which is conducive to popularization.
  • the reversing mechanism is used for reversing the deficient battery pack taken out from the electric vehicle from the first position to the second position in the first direction; the reversing mechanism is also used for reversing the fully charged battery pack taken out from the charging compartment
  • the battery pack is turned from the third position in the second direction to the fourth position, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the first position and the fourth position may be the same position, and the second position and the third position may be the same position. Therefore, the turning of the turning mechanism is mainly turning between two positions.
  • the turning mechanism includes a first turning part and a second turning part, the first turning part is used to carry the battery pack in the first position or the fourth position, and the second turning part is used to carry the For the battery pack in the second position or the third position, the first turning portion and the second turning portion are turned over coaxially.
  • the first turning part is docked with the electric vehicle to realize the picking and placing of the battery pack
  • the second turning part is docked with the charging compartment to realize the picking and placing of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack has a first side surface and a second side surface perpendicular to each other.
  • the first side surface is carried on the first turning part, and the second side surface is pressed against the second side surface.
  • the second side surface is carried on the second flip part, and the first side is pressed against the first flip part.
  • the first turning part and the second turning part cooperate with each other to limit and abut the two side surfaces of the battery pack. Therefore, when the battery pack is turned over, the shaking of the battery pack can be avoided, and the smooth turning of the battery pack can be ensured.
  • the first turning part and the second turning part are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • the first turning part and the second turning part are driven by the same turning driving device, or the first turning part and the second turning part are driven by different turning driving devices.
  • the first turning part and the second turning part arranged perpendicular to each other only need 90-degree turning to realize the rotation of the battery pack.
  • the electrical connection seats of the battery packs at the first and fourth positions are oriented horizontally to facilitate docking with electric vehicles, and the battery packs at the second and third positions are oriented vertically to facilitate docking with charging equipment.
  • the turning driving device includes a telescopic rod, which is connected to the first turning part and/or the second turning part and driving the first turning part and the second turning part to rotate .
  • the telescopic rod generates the movement of the first turning part and/or the second turning part through its own length direction.
  • the telescopic rod can be a pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism.
  • the turning drive device includes a turning motor and a gear set, the turning motor drives the gear set to rotate, and the gear set is connected to the first turning part and/or the second turning part and drives the The first turning part and/or the second turning part rotate.
  • the turning motor can ensure that the first turning part and/or the second turning part are turned to an accurate position by controlling the amount of rotation of the turning motor.
  • each of the charging bins is also provided with a floating disk and a linkage mechanism, and the linkage mechanism is respectively connected with the floating disk and the electrical connector, and the floating disk is generated along a first floating direction.
  • the linkage mechanism drives the electrical connector to move for a second displacement in a direction approaching the battery pack, so that the electrical connector and the battery pack are electrically connected.
  • the electrical connector is linked to the battery pack through the linkage mechanism, and is no longer a fixed electrical connector. Therefore, the mobile electrical connector does not need to be the same as the conveying direction of the battery pack, and the direction of the electrical connector can be any orientation .
  • the linkage mechanism generates linkage through changes in the load of the floating disk, so that the electrical connector can respond in time and be docked with the battery pack.
  • the power for the movement of the electrical connector comes from the gravity of the battery pack and does not require external driving, which is beneficial to simplify the internal structure of the charging device.
  • the first floating direction is a vertical downward direction
  • the floating plate receives the battery pack in the vertical direction
  • the floating plate moves toward the first floating direction following the gravity of the battery pack Produce displacement.
  • the first floating direction is vertical downwards, that is, the gravity of the battery pack can be completely applied to the floating plate, so that the floating plate can drive the movement of the linkage mechanism in a more timely manner.
  • the electrical connection seat of the battery pack at the second position or the third position faces the electrical connector in the charging compartment.
  • the electrical connection seat of the battery pack at the first position or the fourth position faces the electrical connector in the electric vehicle.
  • the turning mechanism is used to send the battery pack at the second position into the floating plate, and drive the electrical connector to connect with the battery pack through the linkage mechanism; Move the battery pack out of the floating plate in the three positions, and drive the electrical connector to be separated from the battery pack through the linkage mechanism.
  • the linkage mechanism includes a sliding mechanism, a first traction member, and a second traction member.
  • the first traction member is respectively connected to the sliding mechanism and the floating plate, and the second traction member is respectively connected to the electrical connector and the mounting seat connection member,
  • the electrical connector is mounted on the mounting base and moves relative to the mounting base, and the second traction member is slidably connected with the sliding mechanism.
  • the moving distance of the second traction member is twice that of the first traction member, thereby realizing that the second displacement is greater than the first displacement.
  • the turning mechanism includes a first turning part and a second turning part.
  • the first turning part is used to carry the battery pack in the first position taken out from the electric vehicle or send the battery pack in the fourth position into the electric vehicle.
  • the second turning part is used to feed the battery pack at the second position into the floating tray, or to carry the battery pack at the third position taken out from the floating tray.
  • the power exchange equipment includes a lifting mechanism and an external frame
  • the turning drive device is connected to the lifting mechanism, and drives the turning mechanism to rotate relative to the lifting mechanism
  • the lifting mechanism is connected On the outer frame and move up and down relative to the outer frame to dock with charging bins of different heights.
  • the position adjustment of the battery pack in the height direction can be realized by the lifting mechanism, so that it can correspond to charging bins of different heights.
  • the first turning portion includes a first extension mechanism
  • the second turning portion includes a second extension mechanism, wherein the first extension mechanism is in contact with each other in the first position or the fourth position.
  • the electric vehicle docks and takes out the battery pack
  • the second extension mechanism is docked with the charging compartment at the second position or the third position and takes out the battery pack.
  • the first extension mechanism is docked with the electric vehicle to realize the taking and placing of the battery pack.
  • the second extension mechanism is docked with the charging bin to realize the taking and placing of the battery pack.
  • the transmission path of the first extension mechanism and the transmission path of the second extension mechanism intersect, so that the battery pack is relayed between the first extension mechanism and the second extension mechanism Transmit.
  • the second extension mechanism After turning over, the second extension mechanism carries the battery pack for transportation. On the contrary, after the battery pack is transported to the end on the second extension mechanism, it naturally contacts the first extension mechanism. After turning over, the first extension mechanism carries the battery pack for transportation.
  • the first turning part and the second turning part are both connected to a turntable, and the turntable drives the first turning part and the second turning part to rotate together, wherein the second position and the first turning part
  • the three positions are the same position, and the first position and the fourth position are the same position.
  • the first turning part is arranged horizontally and docked with the electric vehicle; in the second position and the third position, the second turning part Set horizontally and dock with the charging compartment.
  • the turning mechanism includes a first turning part and a second turning part, the first floating direction is a vertical downward direction, and the second turning part moves into the battery pack toward the floating plate in a horizontal position.
  • the battery pack receives the battery pack in a vertical direction, and the floating plate is displaced in the first floating direction along with the gravity of the battery pack.
  • a charging reset element is connected to the electrical connector, and after the flip mechanism moves the battery pack out of the floating plate, the charging reset element drives the electrical connector to reset.
  • the switch station has a switch lane for power supply vehicles to move, and one side or both sides of the switch lane is provided with charging equipment, and the switch station reciprocally runs between the charging equipment and the electric vehicle. between.
  • the positive progress effect of the present invention is that: the power swap equipment of the power swap station of the present invention can be significantly reduced in terms of structure that rotates relative to the plane.
  • the large battery pack can be picked and placed in the charging station with a smaller space and structure.
  • the charging device can be matched with battery packs in different directions. Therefore, the battery replacement of an electric vehicle using a single large battery pack can be realized under the condition of a smaller area of the replacement station, thereby reducing the cost of the battery pack, which is conducive to popularization.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a substation according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power exchange device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the turning mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic diagram of the turning mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention turning 90 degrees.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the turning mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the turning mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the extension state of the extension mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of taking out the battery pack by the turning mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the reversing mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention being put into the battery pack.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the turning mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the turning mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the charging assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of charging equipment according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the charging device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the upper structure of the charging device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a side structure of a charging device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the electrical connector according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the switching station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • this embodiment discloses a switch station, wherein the switch station includes a vehicle-carrying platform for powering electric vehicles 3 to park for battery pack 4 replacement; charging equipment 2.
  • the charging device 2 has a number of charging compartments A for placing the battery pack 4, and an electrical connector 22 is provided in the charging compartment A for electrical connection with the battery pack 4 located in the charging compartment A for charging; 2. It is used to pick and place and transfer the battery between the electric vehicle 3 and the charging warehouse A.
  • the battery exchange device 2 has a turning mechanism 10, which is used for the battery pack taken out from the charging warehouse A or the electric vehicle 3. 4 Perform vertical flip.
  • the battery pack 4 is installed on the electric vehicle 3 to provide power, and the charging compartment is set in the switch station to provide charging and discharging services for the battery pack.
  • the battery swap device in this scheme is used for the side swap of electric vehicles.
  • the battery swap device is located in the swap station and has both battery pick-and-release functions and battery transfer functions. , That is, the battery replacement device can take and place the battery from the electric vehicle and the charging warehouse, and it can also transfer the battery between the electric vehicle and the charging warehouse, and transfer the battery pack from the electric vehicle to the charging warehouse, and the full The battery is transferred from the charging bin to the electric vehicle.
  • the battery replacement device may only have a battery transfer function, and a separate battery pick-and-place mechanism performs the action of picking and placing the battery from the electric vehicle or the charging bin.
  • the battery pack 4 is turned over during the process of transferring the battery pack between the electric vehicle 3 and the charging bin, so as to adapt to different orientations of the electric connectors in the electric vehicle and the charging bin.
  • the battery pack 1 needs to rotate the battery pack 180 degrees to adapt to the position of the electric connector in the electric vehicle 3 or the charging compartment A, which is suitable for small size
  • the battery replacement device needs a larger space to adapt to the rotation angle of the battery pack.
  • This solution vertically flips the battery pack to adapt to electric vehicles or charging by turning the flip mechanism on the battery pack.
  • the position of the electrical connector in the warehouse saves the space required for the rotation of the battery pack, and at the same time can be used for the replacement of large-size batteries and the battery replacement of electric vehicles with single-box batteries, which improves the applicability of battery replacement equipment.
  • the turning mechanism 10 in the present invention rotates the battery pack 4 in the form of turning.
  • the space required for the turnover of the battery pack 4 itself is small, and the structure of the turnover mechanism 10 can be significantly reduced with respect to the switching equipment 2 that rotates relative to the plane.
  • the battery replacement device 2 of the present invention can complete the taking and placing of the larger battery pack 4 in the charging station with a smaller space and structure. Therefore, the battery replacement of the electric vehicle 3 adopting a single large battery pack 4 can be realized under the condition of a smaller area of the replacement station, thereby reducing the cost of the battery pack 4, which is conducive to popularization.
  • the turning mechanism 10 of this embodiment is used to turn the battery pack 4 taken out of the electric vehicle 3 from the first position in the first direction to the second position; the turning mechanism 10 is also used
  • the fully charged battery pack 4 taken out from the charging compartment A is turned from the third position in the second direction to the fourth position, wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the first position and the fourth position may be the same position, and the second position and the third position may be the same position. Therefore, the turning of the turning mechanism 10 is mainly turning between two positions.
  • the first position is the initial position on the turning mechanism 10 of the battery pack 4 taken out of the electric vehicle
  • the second position is the initial position of the battery pack 4 on the turning mechanism 10 after turning the battery pack 4 in the first direction.
  • the third position is the initial position of the fully charged battery pack 4 taken out from the charging compartment on the turning mechanism 10
  • the fourth position is the position of the fully charged battery pack 4 on the turning mechanism 10 after turning in the second direction.
  • the power-deficient battery pack 4 does not refer to the battery pack 4 whose power is 0, but includes the situation where the remaining power of the battery pack 4 is not enough to power the vehicle to continue driving.
  • the fully charged battery pack 4 is not the battery pack 4 with 100% power. It includes the situation where the battery pack 4 has enough power to power the vehicle to continue driving.
  • the turning mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes a first turning part 11 and a second turning part 12, and the first turning part 11 is used to carry the battery pack 4 in the first position or the fourth position.
  • the second flip part 12 is used to carry the battery pack 4 in the second position or the third position, and the first flip part 11 and the second flip part 12 are flipped coaxially.
  • the first turning part 11 is docked with the electric vehicle 3 when facing the first position and the fourth position to realize the picking and placing of the battery pack 4
  • the second turning part 12 is connected with the charging compartment A when facing the second position and the third position. Docking to realize the pick-and-place of the battery pack 4.
  • first turning part and the second turning part share a rotation axis for turning, so as to realize the synchronization of the first turning part and the second turning part.
  • first turning part and the second turning part The parts are respectively connected with different rotating shafts, so that the turning of the first turning part and the second turning part can be controlled separately.
  • the battery pack 4 of this embodiment has a first side and a second side that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first side bears On the first turning part 11, the second side face is pressed against the second turning part 12; when the battery pack 4 is in the second position or the third position, the second side face is carried on the second turning part 12, and the first side faces Attached to the first turning part 11.
  • the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 cooperate with each other to limit and abut the two side surfaces of the battery pack 4. Therefore, when the battery pack 4 is turned over, the shaking of the battery pack 4 can be avoided, and the smooth turning of the battery pack 4 can be ensured.
  • the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 of this embodiment are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 arranged perpendicular to each other only need to be turned at 90 degrees to realize the rotation of the battery pack 4.
  • the electrical connection seats of the battery pack 4 at the first and fourth positions are oriented horizontally to facilitate the docking of the electrical connector on the electric vehicle 3, and the electrical connection seats of the battery pack 4 at the second and third positions are vertical Orient to facilitate the docking of the charging device 2 in the charging compartment A.
  • the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are driven by the same turning driving device, or the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are driven by different turning driving devices.
  • the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 arranged perpendicular to each other only need to be turned at 90 degrees to realize the rotation of the battery pack 4.
  • the movement of the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 can be simultaneously driven by the same turning drive device, and the movement of the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 can be respectively controlled by different turning driving devices.
  • the electrical connection seats of the battery pack 4 at the first and fourth positions are oriented horizontally to facilitate docking with the electric vehicle 3, and the battery packs 4 at the second and third positions are oriented vertically to facilitate docking with the charging device 2.
  • first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are driven by the same turning driving device, or the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are driven by different turning driving devices.
  • the turning drive device of this embodiment includes a turning motor 157 and a gear set 16.
  • the turning motor 157 drives the gear set 16 to rotate.
  • the gear set 16 and the first turning part 11 and/or the second turning part 12 is connected to and drives the first turning part 11 and/or the second turning part 12 to rotate.
  • the turning motor 157 can ensure that the first turning part 11 and/or the second turning part 12 is turned to an accurate position by controlling its own rotation amount.
  • the turning motor 157 drives the gear set 16 to rotate by its own rotation, so that the first turning part 11 and/or the second turning part 12 rotate together.
  • the turning motor 157 is connected to the transmission shaft 159 through the direction changer 158 to drive the gear set 16 to rotate.
  • the turning drive device of this embodiment includes a turning motor 157 and a gear set 16.
  • the gear set 16 includes at least an input gear 161 and an output gear 162.
  • the input gear 161 and the output gear 162 are toothed to each other, wherein the turning motor 157 directly or indirectly drives the input gear 161 to rotate, and the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are fixedly connected to the output gear 162 through the turning shaft and rotate with the output gear 162.
  • the input gear 161 and the output gear 162 can be directly output or can be driven by other gears.
  • the input gear 161 and the output gear 162 are transmitted through gear transmission, which can function as a deceleration mechanism while increasing the output torque, thereby being able to drive the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12.
  • the first turning part 11 of this embodiment includes a first extension mechanism 111 and a turntable 13, and the second turning part 12 includes a second extension mechanism 121 and the turntable 13.
  • the turntable 13 in this embodiment is a part shared by the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12. It can also be understood that the first turning portion 11 includes the first extension mechanism 111 and the turntable 13, and the second turning portion 12 only includes the second extension mechanism 121; or it can be understood that the first turning portion 11 only includes the first extension mechanism 111.
  • the second turning part 12 includes a second extension mechanism 121 and a turntable 13.
  • the bottom of the turntable 13 and the output gear 162 are connected by a rotating shaft 163. Therefore, when rotating, the turntable 13 rotates together. At this time, the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 realize simultaneous turning.
  • the turning drive device is connected to the turntable 13 and drives the turntable 13 to rotate.
  • the turntable 13 is used as a common part of the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12, and driving the turntable 13 can drive the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 at the same time.
  • the turntable 13 can also be used to carry the battery pack 4.
  • the first turning portion 11 and/or the second turning portion 12 of this embodiment are provided with an extension mechanism for taking out the battery pack 4 located on the electric vehicle 3 and the charging compartment Place the battery pack 4 in the first position and the third position on the turning mechanism, or place the battery pack 4 in the fourth position and the second position on the turning mechanism on the electric vehicle 3 and the charging compartment.
  • the extension mechanism realizes the connection of the battery packs at different positions on the turning mechanism with the electric vehicle 3 or the charging bin, respectively, so as to realize the pick-up and transfer or transfer of the battery pack 4.
  • the first turning portion 11 of this embodiment includes a first extension mechanism 111
  • the second turning portion 12 includes a second extension mechanism 121.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 is connected to the upper surface of the turntable 13, and the second extension mechanism 121 is connected to both sides of the turntable 13.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 can be extended as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 takes in and places the battery pack 4 in the first position or the fourth position
  • the second extension mechanism 121 takes in and places the battery pack 4 in the second position or the third position.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 is docked with the electric vehicle 3 to realize the taking and placing of the battery pack 4.
  • the second extension mechanism 121 is docked with the charging compartment to realize the taking and placing of the battery pack 4.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 takes out the battery pack from the electric vehicle 3, then retracts and places the battery pack 4 in the first position on the first turning part 11, as As shown in Figures 3 and 9, after the turning mechanism is driven to turn 90 degrees in the first direction, the battery pack 4 is located at the second position of the second turning portion 12, and the second extension mechanism 121 extends to remove the battery at the second position.
  • the bag 4 is sent into the corresponding charging compartment, and the second extension mechanism 121 is retracted to the initial position.
  • the battery pack 4 When replacing the battery, move the battery replacement device 1 to the charging compartment where the fully charged battery pack 4 is placed, and the second extension mechanism 121 extends to take out the fully charged battery pack 4 in the charging compartment, as shown in Figures 3 and 9, After retracting and placing the battery pack 4 in the third position on the second turning part 12, and driving the turning mechanism 10 to turn 90 degrees in the second direction, as shown in FIG. 8, the battery pack 4 is located on the first turning part 11 In the four positions, as shown in FIG. 7, the first extension mechanism 121 sends the battery pack 4 in the fourth position into the electric vehicle 3, and the first extension mechanism 121 retracts to the initial position.
  • the extension direction of the first extension mechanism 111 and the extension direction of the second extension mechanism 121 intersect, so that the battery pack 4 is relayed between the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121.
  • the battery pack 4 After the battery pack 4 is transported to the end on the first extension mechanism 111, it naturally contacts the second extension mechanism 121.
  • the second extension mechanism 121 After being turned over, the second extension mechanism 121 carries the battery pack 4 for transportation.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 carries the battery pack 4 for transportation.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 are both telescopic forks.
  • the telescopic fork can be any existing equipment that can achieve lengthwise expansion and contraction.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 in this embodiment are internally driven by electromagnetic force, pulleys, sprocket wheels, gears, and other structures that can be extended rail structures.
  • the transmission shaft 153 and the transmission shaft 156 are respectively connected to the internal structures of the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121.
  • the rotation generated by the transmission shaft 153 and the transmission shaft 156 is transformed into the extension and retraction motion of the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 through structures such as electromagnetic force, pulleys, sprockets, or gears.
  • the power exchange device 1 of this embodiment further includes a first conveying motor 151 and a second conveying motor 154, respectively.
  • the first conveying motor 151 and the second conveying motor 154 are both connected to the turntable. 13 below.
  • the first transmission motor 151 directly or indirectly drives the first extension mechanism 111
  • the second transmission motor 154 directly or indirectly drives the second extension mechanism 121.
  • the first transmission motor 151 is connected to the transmission shaft 153 through the direction changer 152 to drive the first extension mechanism 111 to move.
  • the second transmission motor 154 is connected to the transmission shaft 156 through the direction changer 155 to drive the second extension mechanism 111 to move.
  • the inside of the diverter 152 and the diverter 155 can be bevel gears, etc., to switch the movement shafts of the first transmission motor 151 and the second transmission motor 154 at 90 degrees, and then pass through the transmission shaft 153 and the transmission shaft 156.
  • the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 are driven.
  • the battery swapping device 1 further includes a limit sensor, and the limit sensor may be a limit switch or a distance sensor.
  • the limit sensor can be provided on the non-moving part of the first extension mechanism 111 to detect the moving distance or position of the moving part of the first extension mechanism, and the limit sensor can also be provided on the turntable 13 to detect the movement of the first extension mechanism. The moving distance or position of the part.
  • the limit sensor is used to detect the extension distance of the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121, and adjust the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism through the first conveying motor 151 and the second conveying motor 154, respectively 121 extension distance.
  • the first conveying motor 151 will continue to rotate to reach the preset position, thereby achieving closed-loop control and ensuring the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 are accurately in place.
  • the battery replacement device 1 further includes a flip-in position sensor, which is used to detect the flip angles of the first flip portion 11 and the second flip portion 12, and adjust the first flip portion 11 and the second flip portion 11 and the second flip portion 12 through the flip motor 157.
  • the flip-in position sensor can be a limit switch, an angle sensor, a grating ruler, etc.
  • the turning-in-place sensor may be disposed on the base 14 to detect the turning angle of the turntable 13 so as to obtain the turning angles of the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12. For example, when the detected turntable 13 is smaller than the set turning angle, the turning motor 157 will continue to rotate to reach the preset position, thereby realizing closed-loop control and ensuring the accuracy of the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 In place.
  • the turning mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes a base 14, and the turntable 13 is rotatably connected to the base 14, whereby the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are rotatably connected to the base 14, and the turning drive
  • the device (the turning motor 157 and the gear set 16) drives the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 to rotate.
  • the turning motor 157 is connected to the turntable 13, and the gear set is connected to the base 14.
  • the power exchange device 1 of this embodiment includes an outer frame 17 and a lifting mechanism 18.
  • the base 14 is connected to the outer frame 17 through the lifting mechanism 18 and moves up and down relative to the outer frame 17.
  • the position adjustment of the battery pack 4 in the height direction can be realized by the lifting mechanism 18, so that it can correspond to charging bins of different heights.
  • the outer frame 17 itself may be provided with a horizontal movement mechanism, which can realize the movement of the battery swapping device 1 between the electric vehicle 3 and the charging device 2 by moving on the track or on the ground.
  • the lifting mechanism 18 of this embodiment is connected to the outer frame 17 through a chain transmission mechanism 181, and the lifting mechanism 18 and the outer frame 17 are guided by guide wheels 182.
  • the chain drive mechanism 181 lifts the turning mechanism 10, and the guide wheel 182 plays a smooth guiding function.
  • the turning mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes a base 14.
  • the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are rotatably arranged relative to the base 14, wherein one end of the telescopic rod 157 is rotatably connected to the first At the common bottom of the turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 (ie the bottom of the turntable 13 ), the other end of the telescopic rod 157 is rotatably connected to the base 14.
  • the turntable 13 is connected to the rotating shaft 163, so the turntable 13 is restricted to rotate on the axis of the winding rotating shaft 163.
  • the telescopic rod 157 can expand and contract, thereby changing the distance between the two ends, that is, the distance between the turntable 13 and the base 14.
  • the telescopic force generated by the telescopic rod 157 generates a torque with respect to the rotating shaft 163, thereby driving the rotation of the turntable 13. Since the motion trajectories of all positions on the turntable 13 are arcs, the connection between the telescopic rod 157 and the turntable 13 moves in an arc with the turntable 13, so the two ends of the telescopic rod 157 are respectively connected in rotation to facilitate the telescopic rod 157 The tilt posture is adjusted to follow the rotation of the turntable 13.
  • each charging compartment A of this embodiment is also provided with a floating disk 21 and a linkage mechanism 23.
  • the linkage mechanism 23 is connected to the floating disk 21 and the electrical connector 22, respectively.
  • the linkage mechanism 23 drives the electrical connector 22 to move a second displacement in a direction close to the battery pack 4 so that the electrical connector 22 and the battery pack 4 are electrically connected.
  • the floating disk 21 may be a flat structure, a frame structure, or other structural members that can be used to support the battery pack and float in the first direction.
  • the charging assembly 2 also includes a fixed disk 28, which is arranged under the floating disk 21, It is used to support and carry the floating disk 21.
  • the charging warehouse A is composed of a charging rack, and the charging rack is composed of multiple horizontal and longitudinal beams.
  • the floating disk 21 can also be directly installed on the charging rack.
  • the charging device 20 of this embodiment further includes an electrical connector 22 for forming an electrical connection with the battery pack 4 to charge and discharge the battery pack 4.
  • the electrical connector 22 is arranged above the floating disk 21 in the charging compartment A, and can be electrically connected to the battery pack 4 in the vertical direction to charge and discharge the battery pack.
  • the electrical connector 22 can directly With the mounting seat on the beam of the charging rack, the electrical connector 22 includes a charging head 221 and a terminal (not shown in the figure, but can actually be located on the top or side of the electrical connector 22).
  • the charging head 221 is used to connect to the battery.
  • the charging port of the pack 4 forms an electrical connection, and the terminal is used to connect an external charging module to charge the battery pack 4.
  • the electrical connector 22 of this embodiment is linked with the battery pack 4 through the linkage mechanism 23, and is no longer a fixed electrical connector 22. Therefore, the mobile electrical connector 22 does not need to be connected to the battery pack 4
  • the transmission direction of 4 is the same, and the orientation of the electrical connector 22 can be any orientation.
  • the linkage mechanism 23 generates linkage through the change in the load of the floating plate 21, so that the electrical connector 22 can respond in time and be docked with the battery pack 4.
  • the power for the movement of the electrical connector 22 comes from the gravity of the battery pack 4 and does not require external driving, which is beneficial to simplify the internal structure of the charging device.
  • the gravity of the battery pack 4 is used to move the floating disk 21.
  • a linkage mechanism 23 is provided between the floating disk 21 and the electrical connector 22 to drive the electrical connector 22 to move in the direction of the battery pack 4 to form an electrical connection. That is, the electric connection is realized by the self-gravity of the battery pack 4, and no additional power is required to drive the electric connector 22 to move, and this linkage method can be applied to the electric connection of the battery pack 4 in various orientations.
  • the first floating direction V in this embodiment is a vertical downward direction.
  • the floating plate 21 receives the battery pack 4 in the vertical direction, and the floating plate 21 moves toward the first floating direction along with the gravity of the battery pack 4.
  • the direction V produces displacement.
  • the first floating direction V is vertical downward, that is, the gravity of the battery pack 4 can be completely applied to the floating plate 21, so that the floating plate 21 can drive the movement of the linkage mechanism 23 in a more timely manner.
  • the floating disk 21 can float in the vertical direction. Specifically, the floating disk 21 is installed in the charging compartment. In this embodiment, the floating disk 21 is installed on the fixed disk 28 and can be installed in the battery pack. 4 moves in the vertical direction under the action of gravity. It can be a spring, a rubber pad, or other elastic members that can withstand the gravity compression of the battery pack and restore deformation after the battery pack 4 is withdrawn. In other embodiments, the floating disk 21 can also be directly installed on the transverse beam of the charging rack to achieve floating load.
  • the electrical connection seat of the battery pack 4 in the second position or the third position of this embodiment faces the electrical connector 22 in the charging compartment A.
  • the electrical connection seat of the battery pack 4 at the first position or the fourth position faces the electrical connector 22 in the electric vehicle 3.
  • the turnover mechanism 10 is used to send the battery pack 4 in the second position into the floating plate 21, and drive the electrical connector 22 to connect with the battery pack 4 through the linkage mechanism 23; the turnover mechanism 10 transfers the battery pack 4 from the third position The pack 4 is moved out of the floating disk 21, and the electric connector 22 is driven to be separated from the battery pack 4 through the linkage mechanism 23.
  • the second displacement direction of this embodiment is a vertical downward direction
  • the electrical connector 22 is arranged above the floating plate 21, and the linkage mechanism 23 is arranged between the electrical connector 22 and the floating plate 21,
  • the electrical connector 21 is driven to move downward in the vertical direction.
  • the charging port faces upwards.
  • the electrical connector with the charging head 221 downwardly arranged through the linkage mechanism is moved downward in the vertical direction, that is, the second displacement The direction is vertical downward to realize the electrical connection between the electrical connector and the battery pack.
  • the battery pack 4 and the electrical connector 22 on the electric vehicle are generally electrically plugged in a horizontal direction.
  • the electrical plug in the horizontal direction is suitable for the driving process of the electric vehicle, especially for the vehicle.
  • the battery pack 4 on the electric vehicle In the case of severe shaking, in order to provide a reliable and stable electrical connection, when the battery pack 4 on the electric vehicle is unloaded and charged and discharged, the battery pack needs to be rotated 180 degrees horizontally to connect to the electrical connector in the charging compartment.
  • the electrical connector 22 provided above the floating plate in this embodiment is used, and the battery pack 4 only needs to be placed vertically. It can be charged and discharged by turning 90 degrees in the straight direction without occupying a large battery replacement space.
  • the gravity of the battery pack 4 is used to realize the electrical connection between the battery pack 4 and the electrical connector 22, eliminating the need for additional driving mechanisms.
  • the electrical connection between the two can be realized by placing the battery pack in place on the floating plate, eliminating the need for complicated operations of alignment between the electrical connector and the battery pack, charging and docking efficiency is higher, and charging cost is lower.
  • the electrical connector 22 can also be adaptively arranged on the side or bottom surface of the charging compartment to adapt to the situation where the socket ends of the battery pack 4 placed in the charging compartment A are oriented differently.
  • the linkage mechanism 23 in this embodiment can be used, and only the setting position of the electrical connector 22 needs to be adjusted, and the electrical connector 22 is moved in a direction toward the battery under the action of the gravity of the battery pack 4.
  • the bottom of the battery pack is higher than the surface of the floating plate. Therefore, the distance between the electrical connector 22 and the surface of the floating plate 21 must be greater than the height of the battery pack 4 to avoid interference. Therefore, after the battery pack 4 is placed on the floating plate 21, the moving distance of the electrical connector 22 must be greater than the moving distance of the floating plate to realize the electrical connection between the electrical connector 22 and the battery pack 4.
  • the floating disk 21 of this embodiment is connected with a floating reset element 26, which is used to drive the floating disk 21 to reset in the second floating direction when there is no gravity action of the battery pack 4, and the second floating direction It is opposite to the first floating direction V.
  • the floating reset element 26 provides an active restoring force to make the floating disk 21 return to its original position to prepare the subsequent battery pack 4 for charging.
  • the floating reset element 26 of this embodiment is an elastic element.
  • the elastic element deforms in the first floating direction V and generates an elastic recovery toward the second floating direction. force.
  • the floating reset element 26 in this embodiment can be the same element as the aforementioned elastic member, or can be set as different elements.
  • the floating reset element 26 acts on the floating plate 21 to move upward in the vertical direction to reset, thereby driving the electrical connector 22 and the battery pack 4 to achieve electrical The connection is separated, no additional driving mechanism is required to separate the electrical connector from the battery pack.
  • the electrical connection can be separated during the process of taking the battery pack, which improves the efficiency of picking and placing the battery pack, thereby improving the overall efficiency of battery replacement .
  • the floating reset element 26 may be a spring, etc., which can be elastically deformed under the action of an external force and can be restored to deformation after the external force is removed.
  • the two ends of the floating reset element are respectively connected to the floating disk 21 and the fixed disk 28, or floating reset
  • the two ends of the element 26 are respectively connected to the horizontal and longitudinal beams on the floating disk and the charging rack.
  • the electrical connector 22 of this embodiment is connected with a charge reset element 27, and the charge reset element 27 is used to drive the electrical connector 22 to reset when there is no gravity on the battery pack 4.
  • the charge reset element 27 can be set between the electrical connector 22 and the mounting base 24, or between the electrical connector 22 and the horizontal beam on the charging rack.
  • the charge-reset element 27 may be a spring or the like that can be elastically deformed under the action of an external force and can be restored to deformation after the external force is removed.
  • the floating reset element 26 and the charge reset element 27 of this embodiment can be provided at the same time, so that the electrical connector 22 and the floating disk 21 can be reset regardless of the linkage mechanism 23. .
  • some linkage mechanisms 23, such as connecting rods only one of the floating reset element 26 and the charging reset element 27 needs to be provided, and the reset of any one of the electrical connector 22 and the floating disk 21 will drive the other to reset.
  • the charge resetting element 27 of this embodiment is an elastic element.
  • the elastic element deforms in the direction of the second displacement and generates an opposite direction to the second displacement. The elastic deformation force in the direction.
  • the charging device 2 of this embodiment further includes a guide mechanism for guiding the electrical connector 22 to move in the direction of the battery pack 4 under the action of the linkage mechanism 23 to achieve electrical connection.
  • the guiding mechanism can guide the moving direction of the electrical connector 22.
  • the guiding mechanism of this embodiment includes a slider 252 and a guide rail 251, wherein a slider 252 or a guide rail 251 is fixed on the electrical connector 22, and is slidably connected to a relatively fixed guide rail 251 or a slider 252 .
  • the electrical connector 22 of this embodiment includes a connecting seat 222 and a charging head 221.
  • the charging head 221 is disposed on the connecting seat 222.
  • the connecting seat 222 is connected to the linkage mechanism 23, and the charging head 221 Used to connect with the electrical connector of the battery pack 4.
  • a floating element 223 is provided between the connection base 222 and the charging head 221 in this embodiment to realize a floating electrical connection between the electrical connector 22 and the battery pack 4.
  • the floating element 223 realizes the floating displacement of the charging head 221. Therefore, even if there is an error during the docking process with the electrical connection base of the battery pack 4, the error can be corrected by the floating displacement of the charging head 221.
  • the floating element 223 of this embodiment is an elastic element
  • the connecting seat 222 is provided with an accommodation cavity for accommodating the charging head 221, and the charging head 221 is arranged in the accommodation cavity through the elastic element.
  • the charging head 221 of this embodiment is further provided with a positioning pin 220, and the positioning pin 220 is used for docking with a positioning hole provided on the battery pack 4.
  • the charging device 2 of this embodiment further includes a slider 252 and a guide rail 251.
  • the electrical connector 22 also includes a base 224.
  • the base 224 is fixed with the slider 252 or the guide rail 251 and is connected to Correspondingly provided guide rails 251 or sliders 252 are slidably connected, and the connecting seat 222 extends in a direction away from the sliders 252 and the guide rails 251.
  • the linkage mechanism 23 of this embodiment includes a sliding mechanism 233, a first traction member 231, and a second traction member 232.
  • the first traction member 231 is respectively connected to the sliding mechanism 233 and the floating plate 21, and the second traction member 232 is respectively connected to the electrical connector 22 and the mounting base 24.
  • the electrical connector 22 is mounted on the mounting base 24 and moves relative to the mounting base 24, and the second traction member 232 is slidably connected to the sliding mechanism 233. This constitutes the structure of the movable pulley.
  • the first traction member 231 and the second traction member 232 may be steel ropes, belts and other structures.
  • the sliding mechanism 233 may be a structure such as a pulley or a slider.
  • the second traction member 232 slides under the sliding mechanism 233, wherein the second traction member 232 not only slides relative to the sliding mechanism 233, but also moves up and down along with the sliding mechanism 233.
  • the first traction member 231 is directly fixed on the sliding mechanism 233, and therefore moves together with respect to the sliding mechanism 233. Wherein, regardless of the direction of movement, the moving distance of the second traction member 232 includes the sliding distance relative to the sliding mechanism 233 and the distance moving along with the sliding mechanism 233, while the first traction member 231 only includes the sliding distance.
  • the moving distance of the mechanism 233 together, therefore, the moving distance of the second traction member 232 is twice that of the first traction member 231.
  • one end of the second traction member 232 is connected to the mounting base 24 to keep it fixed and not moving. Therefore, the electrical connector 22 connected to the other end of the second traction member 232 achieves twice the movement relative to the first traction member 231. Distance, thereby realizing that the second displacement is greater than the first displacement.
  • the swap station has a swap lane for the power supply vehicle 3 to move, and one or both sides of the swap lane are provided with a charging device 2, and the swap device 2 reciprocally runs between the charging device 2 and the electric vehicle 3.
  • the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the turning drive device in this embodiment is driven by a telescopic rod 157. Therefore, the reversing motor is not included in this embodiment.
  • the telescopic rod 157 of this embodiment is connected to the first turning part 11 and/or the second turning part 12 and drives the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 to rotate.
  • the telescopic rod 157 generates the movement of the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 through its own length direction.
  • the telescopic rod 157 may be a pneumatic or hydraulic mechanism.
  • Multiple telescopic rods 157 can be provided to connect the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 respectively. It can also be configured to connect the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 at the same time. Wherein, in this embodiment, since the bottoms of the first turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 are both connected to the base 14, the telescopic rod 157 can be connected to the base 14 to achieve simultaneous connection.
  • the turning mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes a base 14.
  • the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12 are rotatably arranged relative to the base 14, wherein one end of the telescopic rod 157 is rotatably connected to the A common bottom of the turning portion 11 and the second turning portion 12 (ie, the bottom of the turntable 13), the other end of the telescopic rod 157 is rotatably connected to the base 14.
  • the longitudinal movement of the telescopic rod 157 itself and the rotation of both ends can realize the synthesis of the movement, can avoid jamming during the action, and smoothly realize the turning of the first turning part 11 and the second turning part 12.
  • the difference between the switching station of this embodiment and the switching station of embodiment 1 is that the switching device 1 in this embodiment itself may not have an extension mechanism, but only has a structure related to the flip function (including The reversing mechanism 10), therefore, takes in and places the battery through an external, separate battery pick-and-place mechanism 5.
  • the battery pick-and-place mechanism 5 may be the same or multiple.
  • the battery replacement device 1 may not have the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 of Embodiment 1.
  • the charging bin or electric vehicle 3 takes the battery pack 4 and places it on the turning mechanism, and takes the battery pack 4 from the turning mechanism and loads it into the charging bin of the charging device 2 or the electric vehicle 3.
  • the battery pick-and-place mechanism 5 can be a telescopic mechanism, a battery clamping mechanism, or other mechanisms that can pick and place batteries from a charging compartment or an electric vehicle.
  • the battery swapping device 1 may not have any one of the first extension mechanism 111 and the second extension mechanism 121 of the first embodiment.
  • a separate battery pick-and-place mechanism 5 is used to remove the battery from the charging compartment or the charging compartment of the charging device 2
  • the electric vehicle 3 takes the battery pack 4 and places it on the turning mechanism, or takes the battery pack 4 from the turning mechanism and loads it into the charging compartment of the charging device 2 or the electric vehicle 3.
  • the switchgear equipment of the switchgear station can be significantly reduced in terms of the structure of the switchgear equipment that rotates relative to the plane.
  • the large battery pack can be picked and placed in the charging station with a smaller space and structure.
  • the charging device can be matched with battery packs in different directions. Therefore, the battery replacement of an electric vehicle using a single large battery pack can be realized under the condition of a smaller area of the replacement station, thereby reducing the cost of the battery pack, which is conducive to popularization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种换电站，包括：载车平台，用于供电动车辆停靠以进行电池包的更换；充电设备，充电设备具有若干充电仓，用于放置电池包，充电仓内设有电连接器，用于与位于充电仓内的电池包进行电连接以充电；换电设备，用于在电动车辆与充电仓之间进行电池的取放和转运，换电设备具有翻转机构，翻转机构用于将从充电仓或电动车辆上取出的电池包进行竖直翻转。本发明能够以较小的空间和结构完成在充电站中对较大的电池包的取放。充电设备可以匹配不同方向的电池包。因此，可以在更小的换电站占地面积情况下，实现对采用单个大电池包的电动车辆的电池更换，从而减少了电池包的成本，利于推广。

Description

换电站
本申请要求申请日为2020年4月3日的中国专利申请CN2020102613034的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种换电站。
背景技术
目前电动车辆换电领域主要分底盘换电和侧面换电两种，侧面换电通过换电设备从换电车辆上抽出电池包后，在换电设备上平面旋转180°后，使得电连接座从朝向车辆变为朝向充电仓，然后把电池再插入换电设备另一侧充电仓内，进行充电。由于车辆自身结构约束，现有多采用两侧换电的方法。两侧换电就需要换电设备把电池包在设备上旋转180°后再进充电仓充电。
然而，由于需要平面旋转电池包，长条形的电池包旋转时需要非常大的空间，由此会导致换电设备的结构复杂和体积大，不仅直接影响换电设备的制造难度，而且增加换电站的占地面积，故电动车辆只能采用多个小电池包换电的形式，然而，多个电池包的形式对车辆电池包成本要求较高，对市场端接受度矛盾较大，不利于量产推广。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中换电站占地面积大，换电设备结构复杂，电池成本高的缺陷，提供一种换电站。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种换电站，其特点在于，所述换电站包括：
载车平台，用于供电动车辆停靠以进行电池包的更换；
充电设备，所述充电设备具有若干充电仓，用于放置电池包，充电仓内设有电连接器，用于与位于充电仓内的电池包进行电连接以充电；
换电设备，用于在电动车辆与充电仓之间进行电池的取放和转运，所述换电设备具有翻转机构，所述翻转机构用于将从充电仓或电动车辆上取出的电池包进行竖直翻转。
本发明中的翻转机构采用翻转的形式旋转电池包。电池包自身的翻转所需的空间少，翻转机构在结构上相对于平面旋转的换电设备能够显著减少。由此，本发明的换电设备 能够以较小的空间和结构完成在充电站中对较大的电池包的取放。因此，可以在更小的换电站占地面积情况下，实现对采用单个大电池包的电动车辆的电池更换，从而减少了电池包的成本，利于推广。
较佳地，所述翻转机构用于将从电动车辆上取出的亏电电池包从第一位置沿第一方向翻转至第二位置；所述翻转机构还用于将从充电仓取出的满电电池包，从第三位置沿第二方向翻转至第四位置，其中，所述第一方向与第二方向相反。
第一位置和第四位置可以为同一位置，第二位置和第三位置可以为同一位置。由此翻转机构的翻转主要是在两个位置之间翻转。
较佳地，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，所述第一翻转部用于承载位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包，所述第二翻转部用于承载位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包，所述第一翻转部与所述第二翻转部共轴翻转。
其中，第一翻转部与电动车辆对接以实现电池包的取放，第二翻转部与充电仓对接以实现电池包的取放。
较佳地，电池包具有互为垂直第一侧面与第二侧面，当电池包位于第一位置或第四位置时，第一侧面承载于第一翻转部上，第二侧面抵贴于第二翻转部上；当电池包位于第二位置或第三位置时，第二侧面承载于第二翻转部上，第一侧面抵贴于第一翻转部上。
第一翻转部和第二翻转部互相配合起到对电池包的两个侧面的限位和抵靠作用。由此在进行电池包的翻转的时候，能够避免电池包的晃动，确保电池包的平稳翻转。
较佳地，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部之间互为垂直设置。
较佳地，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部通过同一翻转驱动装置驱动，或者所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部通过不同的翻转驱动装置驱动。
互为垂直设置的第一翻转部以及第二翻转部只需要90度的翻转就可以实现电池包的旋转。其中，在位于第一位置和第四位置的电池包的电连接座水平朝向以便于对接电动车辆，在第二位置和第三位置的电池包垂直朝向以便于对接充电设备。
较佳地，所述翻转驱动装置包括伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆与所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部连接并驱动所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部转动。
伸缩杆通过自身的长度方向产生第一翻转部和/或第二翻转部的运动。伸缩杆可以为气动或者液压机构。
较佳地，所述翻转驱动装置包括翻转电机以及齿轮组，所述翻转电机驱动齿轮组转动，所述齿轮组与所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部连接并驱动所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部转动。
翻转电机能够通过控制自身的转动量来确保第一翻转部和/或第二翻转部翻转到准确位置。
较佳地，各所述充电仓内还设置有浮动盘以及联动机构，所述联动机构分别与所述浮动盘和所述电连接器连接，在所述浮动盘沿着一第一浮动方向产生第一位移时，所述联动机构带动所述电连接器沿着靠近电池包的方向移动第二位移，以使电连接器与电池包形成电连接。
电连接器通过联动机构联动从而与电池包对接，不再是固定的电连接器，由此，移动的电连接器不需要与电池包的传送方向相同，电连接器的朝向可以为任意的朝向。其中，联动机构通过浮动盘的承载的变化产生联动，由此电连接器能够及时响应并与电池包对接。电连接器移动的动力来源于电池包的重力，不需要外部的驱动，有利于简化充电设备的内部结构。
较佳地，所述第一浮动方向为竖直向下的方向，所述浮动盘在竖直方向上承接所述电池包，所述浮动盘随着电池包的重力朝所述第一浮动方向产生位移。
第一浮动方向为竖直向下，即电池包的重力能够完全被运用于浮动盘，使得浮动盘能够更及时带动联动机构的运动。
较佳地，位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包的电连接座朝向充电仓内的电连接器。
较佳地，位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包的电连接座朝向电动车辆内的电连接器。
较佳地，所述翻转机构用于将位于第二位置的电池包送入所述浮动盘，并通过所述联动机构带动所述电连接器与电池包连接；所述翻转机构从所述第三位置将电池包移出浮动盘，并通过所述联动机构带动所述电连接器与电池包脱离。
较佳地，所述联动机构包括滑动机构、第一牵引件、第二牵引件，第一牵引件分别与滑动机构、浮动盘连接，第二牵引件分别与电连接器、安装座连接件，电连接器安装于安装座上，并相对安装座移动，第二牵引件与滑动机构滑动连接。
由此构成了动滑轮的结构。其中，第二牵引件的移动距离为第一牵引件的两倍，由此实现了第二位移大于第一位移。
较佳地，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，第一翻转部用于承载从电动车辆取出的位于第一位置的电池包或将位于第四位置的电池包送入电动车辆，第二翻转部用于位于第二位置的电池包送入浮动盘，或承载从浮动盘取出的位于第三位置的电池包。
较佳地，所述换电设备包括一升降机构以及一外部框架，所述翻转驱动装置连接于所述升降机构，并驱动所述翻转机构相对于所述升降机构转动连接，所述升降机构连接 于所述外部框架，并相对于所述外部框架进行上下移动从而对接不同高度的充电仓。
通过升降机构可以实现电池包在高度方向的位置调整，从而能够对应不同高度的充电仓。
较佳地，所述第一翻转部包括一第一伸出机构，所述第二翻转部包括一第二伸出机构，其中，所述第一伸出机构在第一位置或第四位置与电动车辆对接并取放电池包，所述第二伸出机构在第二位置或第三位置与充电仓对接并取放电池包。
其中，第一伸出机构与电动车辆对接以实现电池包的取放。第二伸出机构与充电仓对接以实现电池包的取放。
较佳地，所述第一伸出机构的传送路线以及所述第二伸出机构的传送路线相交，以使得电池包在所述第一伸出机构和所述第二伸出机构之间接力传送。
在进行翻转之后，第二伸出机构便承载电池包进行运输。反之，电池包在第二伸出机构上运输到底后自然的接触第一伸出机构。在进行翻转之后，第一伸出机构便承载电池包进行运输。
较佳地，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部均连接于一转盘，所述转盘带动所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部一起旋转，其中，第二位置与第三位置为同一位置，第一位置与第四位置是同一位置。
较佳地，在所述第一位置和所述第四位置，所述第一翻转部水平设置并与电动车辆对接；在所述第二位置和所述第三位置，所述第二翻转部水平设置并与充电仓对接。
较佳地，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，所述第一浮动方向为竖直向下的方向，所述第二翻转部在水平位置向所述浮动盘移入电池包，电池包在竖直方向上承接所述电池包，所述浮动盘随着电池包的重力朝所述第一浮动方向产生位移。
较佳地，所述电连接器连接有充电复位元件，所述翻转机构将电池包移出所述浮动盘后，所述充电复位元件带动所述电连接器复位。
较佳地，所述换电站具有供电动车辆移动的换电车道，所述换电车道的一侧或者两侧设置有充电设备，所述换电设备往复运行于所述充电设备和电动车辆之间。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：本发明换电站的换电设备在结构上相对于平面旋转的换电设备能够显著减少。能够以较小的空间和结构完成在充电站中对较大的电池包的取放。充电设备可以匹配不同方向的电池包。因此，可以在更小的换电站占地面积情况下，实现对采用单个大电池包的电动车辆的电池更换，从而减少了电池包的成本，利于推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的换电站的示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1的换电设备的整体结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例1的翻转机构的整体结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例1的翻转机构翻转90度的示意图。
图5为本发明实施例1的翻转机构的底部结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例1的翻转机构的顶部结构示意图。
图7为本发明实施例1的伸出机构的伸出状态示意图。
图8为本发明实施例1的翻转机构取出电池包的示意图。
图9为本发明实施例1的翻转机构收入电池包的示意图。
图10为本发明实施例2的翻转机构的整体结构示意图。
图11为本发明实施例2的翻转机构的底部结构示意图。
图12为本发明实施例1的充电总成的结构示意图。
图13为本发明实施例1的充电设备的排列设置示意图。
图14为本发明实施例1的充电设备的整体结构示意图。
图15为本发明实施例1的充电设备的上部结构示意图。
图16为本发明实施例1的充电设备的侧面结构示意图。
图17为本发明实施例1的电连接器的底部结构示意图。
图18为本发明实施例1的换电站的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
如图1-图9，图12-图18所示本实施例公开了一种换电站，其中，换电站包括载车平台，用于供电动车辆3停靠以进行电池包4的更换；充电设备2，充电设备2具有若干充电仓A，用于放置电池包4，充电仓A内设有电连接器22，用于与位于充电仓A内的电池包4进行电连接以充电；换电设备2，用于在电动车辆3与充电仓A之间进行电池的取放和转运，换电设备2具有翻转机构10，翻转机构10用于将从充电仓A或电动车辆3上取出的电池包4进行竖直翻转。
本实施例中，电池包4安装于电动车辆3上用于提供动力，充电仓设于换电站内，用于为电池包提供充放电服务，当车辆上的电池包不足以提供电动车辆继续行驶的动力 时，需及时到换电站内进行电池的更换，本方案中的换电设备用于电动车辆的侧面换电，换电设备设于换电站内，兼具电池取放功能和电池转运功能，即换电设备可以从电动车辆、充电仓内取放电池，还可在电动车辆、充电仓之间进行电池的转运，将亏电电池包从电动车辆上转运至充电仓，并将满电电池从充电仓上转运至电动车辆，在其它实施方式中，换电设备也可仅具备电池转运功能，由单独的电池取放机构执行将电池从电动车辆、充电仓内进行取放的动作。
采用本方案中的翻转机构10，在电动车辆3和充电仓之间转运电池包的过程中对电池包4进行翻转，以适应电动车辆和充电仓内的电连接器朝向不同的情形。
由于电动车辆3与充电仓A内的电连接器的位置不同，通常情况下换电设备1需将电池包旋转180度以适应电动车辆3或充电仓A内的电连接器位置，适用小尺寸以及多厢电池电动车辆的电池更换，导致换电设备需要较大的空间以适应电池包旋转的角度，本方案通过将换电设备上的翻转机构将电池包竖直翻转以适应电动车辆或充电仓内的电连接器位置，节省了电池包旋转所需空间，且同时能够用于大尺寸电池的更换，以及单箱电池的电动车辆的电池更换，提高了换电设备的适用性。
本发明中的翻转机构10采用翻转的形式旋转电池包4。电池包4自身的翻转所需的空间少，翻转机构10在结构上相对于平面旋转的换电设备2能够显著减少。由此，本发明的换电设备2能够以较小的空间和结构完成在充电站中对较大的电池包4的取放。因此，可以在更小的换电站占地面积情况下，实现对采用单个大电池包4的电动车辆3的电池更换，从而减少了电池包4的成本，利于推广。
如图3和图4所示，本实施例的翻转机构10用于将从电动车辆3上取出的亏电电池包4从第一位置沿第一方向翻转至第二位置；翻转机构10还用于将从充电仓A取出的满电电池包4，从第三位置沿第二方向翻转至第四位置，其中，第一方向与第二方向相反。较佳地，第一位置和第四位置可以为同一位置，第二位置和第三位置可以为同一位置。由此翻转机构10的翻转主要是在两个位置之间翻转。
本实施例中，第一位置为从电动车上取出的亏电电池包4在翻转机构10上的初始位置，第二位置为亏电电池包4沿第一方向翻转后在翻转机构10上的位置，第三位置为从充电仓上取出的满电电池包4在翻转机构10上的初始位置，第四位置为满电电池包4沿第二方向翻转后在翻转机构10上的位置，其中亏电电池包4并非指代电量为0的电池包4，而是包括电池包4的剩余电量不足以供电动车辆继续行驶的情形，满电电池包4并非电量为100％的电池包4，而是包括电池包4的电量足以供电动车辆继续行驶的情形。
如图3和图4所示，本实施例的翻转机构10包括第一翻转部11以及第二翻转部12， 第一翻转部11用于承载位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包4，第二翻转部12用于承载位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包4，第一翻转部11与第二翻转部12共轴翻转。其中，第一翻转部11在朝向第一位置和第四位置时与电动车辆3对接以实现电池包4的取放，第二翻转部12在朝向第二位置和第三位置时与充电仓A对接以实现电池包4的取放。本实施例中，第一翻转部、第二翻转部共用一个旋转轴进行翻转，以实现第一翻转部、第二翻转部的同步性，在其它实施例中，第一翻转部、第二翻转部分别连接不同的转轴，以便第一翻转部、第二翻转部的翻转分别进行控制。
如图3、图4和图9所示，本实施例的电池包4具有互为垂直第一侧面与第二侧面，当电池包4位于第一位置或第四位置时，第一侧面承载于第一翻转部11上，第二侧面抵贴于第二翻转部12上；当电池包4位于第二位置或第三位置时，第二侧面承载于第二翻转部12上，第一侧面抵贴于第一翻转部11上。第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12互相配合起到对电池包4的两个侧面的限位和抵靠作用。由此在进行电池包4的翻转的时候，能够避免电池包4的晃动，确保电池包4的平稳翻转。
如图3和图4所示，本实施例的第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12之间互为垂直设置。互为垂直设置的第一翻转部11以及第二翻转部12只需要90度的翻转就可以实现电池包4的旋转。其中，在位于第一位置和第四位置的电池包4的电连接座水平朝向以便于对接电动车辆3上的电连接器，在第二位置和第三位置的电池包4的电连接座垂直朝向以便于对接充电仓A内的充电设备2。较佳地，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12通过同一翻转驱动装置驱动，或者第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12通过不同的翻转驱动装置驱动。互为垂直设置的第一翻转部11以及第二翻转部12只需要90度的翻转就可以实现电池包4的旋转。通过同一翻转驱动装置能够同时驱动第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的运动，通过不同的翻转驱动装置则能够分别控制第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的运动。其中，在位于第一位置和第四位置的电池包4的电连接座水平朝向以便于对接电动车辆3，在第二位置和第三位置的电池包4垂直朝向以便于对接充电设备2。
本实施例中，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12通过同一翻转驱动装置驱动，或者第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12通过不同的翻转驱动装置驱动。
如图3和图5所示，本实施例的翻转驱动装置包括翻转电机157以及齿轮组16，翻转电机157驱动齿轮组16转动，齿轮组16与第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12连接并驱动第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12转动。翻转电机157能够通过控制自身的转动量来确保第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12翻转到准确位置。翻转电机157通过自身转动驱动齿轮组16旋转，由此，第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12跟随一起转动。其中，翻 转电机157通过变向器158连接传动轴159，从而驱动齿轮组16旋转。
如图3和图5所示，本实施例的翻转驱动装置包括一翻转电机157以及一齿轮组16，其中，齿轮组16至少包括一输入齿轮161以及一输出齿轮162，输入齿轮161与输出齿轮162相互齿接，其中，翻转电机157直接或者间接驱动输入齿轮161转动，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12通过翻转轴固定连接于输出齿轮162，并随着输出齿轮162转动。输入齿轮161和输出齿轮162之间可以直接输出也可以通过其他齿轮传动。输入齿轮161和输出齿轮162之间通过齿轮传动的方式传动，可以起到减速机构的作用，同时增加输出的转矩，从而能够驱动第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12。
如图3和图5所示，本实施例的第一翻转部11包括第一伸出机构111以及转盘13，第二翻转部12包括第二伸出机构121以及转盘13。其中，本实施例中的转盘13为第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12共用的部分。也可以理解为第一翻转部11包括第一伸出机构111以及转盘13，第二翻转部12仅包括第二伸出机构121；或者理解为第一翻转部11仅包括第一伸出机构111，第二翻转部12包括第二伸出机构121以及转盘13。
转盘13的底部与输出齿轮162通过转轴163连接。因此在进行转动时，转盘13一起进行转动。此时，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12就实现了同时的翻转。
翻转驱动装置与转盘13连接并驱动转盘13进行转动。转盘13被作为第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的共用部分，驱动转盘13就可以同时驱动第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12。同时转盘13也可以用于承载电池包4。
如图3和图5所示，本实施例的第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12上设有伸出机构，用于将位于电动车辆3、充电仓上的电池包4进行取出并置于翻转机构上的第一位置、第三位置，或将位于翻转机构上的第四位置、第二位置的电池包4放置于电动车辆3、充电仓上。伸出机构实现将位于翻转机构上不同位置的电池包与电动车辆3或充电仓分别对接，从而实现电池包4的取放或转运。
如图6和图7所示，本实施例的第一翻转部11包括一第一伸出机构111，第二翻转部12包括一第二伸出机构121。其中，第一伸出机构111连接在转盘13的上表面，第二伸出机构121连接在转盘13的两侧。第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121可以如图6所示伸出。其中，第一伸出机构111在第一位置或第四位置取放电池包4，第二伸出机构121在第二位置或第三位置取放电池包4。其中，第一伸出机构111与电动车辆3对接以实现电池包4的取放。第二伸出机构121与充电仓对接以实现电池包4的取放。
如图3和图5所示，取出电池时，第一伸出机构111从电动车辆3上取出电池包后，缩回并将电池包4置于第一翻转部11上的第一位置，如图3和图9所示，驱动翻转机构 沿第一方向翻转90度后，电池包4位于第二翻转部12的第二位置上，第二伸出机构121伸出将位于第二位置的电池包4送入相应的充电仓，第二伸出机构121缩回到初始位置。换上电池时，移动换电设备1至放有满电电池包4的充电仓，第二伸出机构121伸出取出充电仓内的满电电池包4，如图3和图9所示，缩回并将电池包4置于第二翻转部12上的第三位置，驱动翻转机构10沿第二方向翻转90度后，如图8所示，电池包4位于第一翻转部11的第四位置上，如图7所示，第一伸出机构121将位于第四位置的电池包4送入电动车辆3内，第一伸出机构121缩回至初始位置。
本实施例的第一伸出机构111的延伸方向以及第二伸出机构121的延伸方向相交，以使得电池包4在第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121之间接力传送。电池包4在第一伸出机构111上运输到底后自然的接触第二伸出机构121。在进行翻转之后，第二伸出机构121便承载电池包4进行运输。反之，电池包4在第二伸出机构121上运输到底后自然的接触第一伸出机构111。在进行翻转之后，第一伸出机构111便承载电池包4进行运输。
本实施例中，第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121均为伸缩叉。伸缩叉可以为已有的任意可以实现长度方向伸缩的设备。本实施例中的第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121为内部通过电磁力、皮带轮、链轮或者齿轮等结构驱动的可以伸出的轨道结构。其中，传动轴153和传动轴156分别与第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121的内部结构连接。运行时，传动轴153和传动轴156产生的转动通过电磁力、皮带轮、链轮或者齿轮等结构变为第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121的伸出和缩回运动。
如图3和图5所示，本实施例的换电设备1还分别包括一第一传送电机151以及一第二传送电机154，第一传送电机151以及一第二传送电机154均连接在转盘13的下方。其中，第一传送电机151直接或者间接驱动第一伸出机构111，第二传送电机154直接或者间接驱动第二伸出机构121。其中，如图4所示，第一传送电机151通过变向器152连接传动轴153，从而驱动第一伸出机构111运动。第二传送电机154通过变向器155连接传动轴156，从而驱动第二伸出机构111运动。其中，变向器152和变向器155的内部可以为锥齿轮等结构，将第一传送电机151和第二传送电机154的运动轴实现90度切换，然后再通过传动轴153和传动轴156驱动第一伸出机构111和第二伸出机构121。
本实施例中，换电设备1进一步还包括极限传感器，极限传感器可以为限位开关或者距离传感器等。其中，极限传感器可以设置于第一伸出机构111的非运动部分来检测第一伸出机构的运动部分的移动距离或者位置，极限传感器也可以设置于转盘13上来检测第一伸出机构的运动部分的移动距离或者位置。极限传感器用于检测第一伸出机构111 以及第二伸出机构121的伸出距离，并通过第一传送电机151以及第二传送电机154分别调整第一伸出机构111以及第二伸出机构121的伸出距离。例如，当检测到的第一伸出机构111伸出距离小于设定距离，则使得第一传送电机151继续转动以到达预设的位置，由此实现了闭环控制，确保了第一伸出机构111以及第二伸出机构121的精准到位。
本实施例中，换电设备1还包括翻转到位传感器，翻转到位传感器用于检测第一翻转部11以及第二翻转部12的翻转角度，并通过翻转电机157调整第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的翻转角度。翻转到位传感器可以为限位开关、角度传感器、光栅尺等。其中，翻转到位传感器可以设置于底座14来检测转盘13的翻转角度，从而获得第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的翻转角度。例如，当检测到的转盘13小于设定翻转角度，则使得翻转电机157继续转动以到达预设的位置，由此实现了闭环控制，确保了第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的精准到位。
如图3和图4所示，本实施例的翻转机构10包括一底座14，转盘13转动连接于底座14，由此第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12转动连接于底座14，翻转驱动装置(翻转电机157以及齿轮组16)驱动第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12旋转。其中，翻转电机157连接于转盘13，齿轮组连接于底座14上。
如图2所示，本实施例的换电设备1包括一外部框架17以及一升降机构18，底座14通过升降机构18连接于外部框架17，并相对于外部框架17进行上下移动。通过升降机构18可以实现电池包4在高度方向的位置调整，从而能够对应不同高度的充电仓。外部框架17本身可以设置水平移动机构，通过在轨道上移动或者在地面上移动从而实现换电设备1在电动车辆3以及充电设备2之间的移动。
如图2所示，本实施例的升降机构18通过链传动机构181连接于外部框架17，且升降机构18和外部框架17之间通过导向轮182导向。链传动机构181起到对翻转机构10的提升，导向轮182起到平滑的导向作用。
如图3和图4所示，本实施例的翻转机构10包括底座14，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12相对于底座14旋转设置，其中，伸缩杆157的一端转动连接于第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12共同的底部(即转盘13的底部)，伸缩杆157的另一端转动连接于底座14。转盘13与转轴163连接，因此转盘13被限制于绕组转轴163的轴线旋转。伸缩杆157可以伸缩，从而改变两端的距离，也就是转盘13与底座14之间的距离。伸缩杆157产生的伸缩力相对于转轴163产生了转矩，由此驱动转盘13的旋转。由于转盘13上的所有位置的运动轨迹为圆弧，因此，伸缩杆157与转盘13的连接处随转盘13一起圆弧运动，因此伸缩杆157的两端分别为转动连接，以便于伸缩杆157调整倾斜姿态从而跟 随转盘13的转动。
如图12、图13和图14所示，本实施例的各充电仓A内还设置有浮动盘21以及联动机构23，联动机构23分别与浮动盘21和电连接器22连接，在浮动盘21沿着一第一浮动方向V产生第一位移时，联动机构23带动电连接器22沿着靠近电池包4的方向移动第二位移，以使电连接器22与电池包4形成电连接。本实施例中，浮动盘21可以为平板结构、框架结构或者其它可用于支撑电池包并可沿第一方向浮动的结构件，充电总成2还包括固定盘28，设于浮动盘21下方，用于支撑承载浮动盘21，充电仓A由充电架组成，充电架由多个横、纵梁组成，浮动盘21也可直接设于充电架上。
如图13和图14所示，本实施例的充电设备20还包括电连接器22，用于与电池包4形成电连接以对电池包4进行充放电。本实施例中，电连接器22设于充电仓A内的浮动盘21上方，可以与电池包4在竖直方向上完成电插接，以对电池包进行充放电，电连接器22可直接通过安装座设于充电架的横梁上，电连接器22包括充电头221和接线端(图中未示出，实际可位于电连接器22的顶部或者侧部)，充电头221用于与电池包4的充电口形成电连接，接线端用于连接外部的充电模块以对电池包4进行充电。
如图14所示，本实施例的电连接器22通过联动机构23联动从而与电池包4对接，不再是固定的电连接器22，由此，移动的电连接器22不需要与电池包4的传送方向相同，电连接器22的朝向可以为任意的朝向。其中，联动机构23通过浮动盘21的承载的变化产生联动，由此电连接器22能够及时响应并与电池包4对接。电连接器22移动的动力来源于电池包4的重力，不需要外部的驱动，有利于简化充电设备的内部结构。
本实施例利用电池包4的重力使浮动盘21移动，通过在浮动盘21和电连接器22之间设置联动机构23，进而带动电连接器22朝向电池包4的方向移动以形成电连接，即利用电池包4的自身重力实现了电连接，不需要额外的动力驱动电连接器22移动，且该种联动方式可适用于电池包4多种朝向的电连接。
如图14所示，本实施例的第一浮动方向V为竖直向下的方向，浮动盘21在竖直方向上承接电池包4，浮动盘21随着电池包4的重力朝第一浮动方向V产生位移。第一浮动方向V为竖直向下，即电池包4的重力能够完全被运用于浮动盘21，使得浮动盘21能够更及时带动联动机构23的运动。
本实施例中，浮动盘21可沿竖直方向浮动，具体的，浮动盘21通过安装于充电仓内，在本实施例中，浮动盘21通过安装于固定盘28上，并可在电池包4的重力作用下沿竖直方向移动。可以为弹簧、橡胶垫或其它能够承受电池包的重力压缩并在撤出电池包4后恢复形变的弹性件。在其它实施方式中，浮动盘21也可直接通过安装于充电架的 横纵梁上以实现浮动承载。
如图14所示，本实施例的位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包4的电连接座朝向充电仓A内的电连接器22。较佳地，位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包4的电连接座朝向电动车辆3内的电连接器22。
本实施例中，翻转机构10用于将位于第二位置的电池包4送入浮动盘21，并通过联动机构23带动电连接器22与电池包4连接；翻转机构10从第三位置将电池包4移出浮动盘21，并通过联动机构23带动电连接器22与电池包4脱离。
如图3所示，本实施例的第二位移的方向为垂直向下的方向，电连接器22设置在浮动盘21的上方，联动机构23设置在电连接器22和浮动盘21之间，带动电连接器21沿竖直方向上向下移动。本实施例中，电池包4进入充电仓A时的充电口朝上，为了实现电连接，通过联动机构将充电头221朝下设置的电连接器沿竖直方向朝下移动，即第二位移的方向为垂直向下的方向才能实现电连接器和电池包之间的电连接。电池包4安装于电动车辆上时，电池包4与电动车辆上的电连接器22一般沿水平方向完成电插接，水平方向的电插接适应于电动车辆在行驶过程中，尤其适应于车辆剧烈晃动情形下，以便提供可靠稳定的电连接，而将电动车辆上的电池包4进行卸载并充放电时，需将电池包水平旋转180度以对接充电仓内的电连接器，对于尺寸较大的电池包而言，需要占用较大换电空间，不适用于换电面积较小的情形，采用本实施例中设于浮动盘上方的电连接器22，仅需将电池包4沿竖直方向翻转90度即可实现充放电，无需占用较大的换电空间，同时利用电池包4的重力实现电池包4与电连接器22之间的电连接，省去了额外的驱动机构，将电池包在浮动盘上放置到位即可实现二者之间的电连接，省去了电连接器与电池包之间对位的复杂操作，充电对接效率更高、充电成本更低。
在其它实施例中，电连接器22也可适应性的设于充电仓内的侧面或底面，以适应放入充电仓A内的电池包4的插座端不同朝向的情形。具体的，可以采用本实施例中的联动机构23，仅需调整电连接器22的设置位置，并使电连接器22在电池包4的重力作用下沿朝向电池靠近的方向移动。
本实施例中，电池包4进入充电仓的过程中，电池包的底部高于浮动盘表面，因此，电连接器22与浮动盘21表面之间的距离要大于电池包4的高度才能避免干涉；因此，电池包4放置于浮动盘21上后，电连接器22移动的距离必然要大于浮动盘移动的距离才能实现电连接器22和电池包4之间的电连接。
如图14所示，本实施例的浮动盘21连接有浮动复位元件26，浮动复位元件26用于在无电池包4重力作用时沿第二浮动方向上带动浮动盘21复位，第二浮动方向与第一 浮动方向V相反。电池包4取走后，浮动复位元件26提供主动的恢复力使得浮动盘21恢复原位以准备后续电池包4进入充电。
如图14所示，本实施例的浮动复位元件26为弹性元件，当浮动盘21上承载电池包4时，弹性元件在第一浮动方向V发生形变，并产生朝向第二浮动方向的弹性回复力。本实施例中的浮动复位元件26可以与前述的弹性件为同一元件，也可分别设置为不同的元件。通过设置浮动复位元件26，在从浮动盘21上取出电池包4的过程中，浮动复位元件26作用于浮动盘21沿竖直方向向上移动复位，进而带动电连接器22与电池包4实现电连接分离，无需额外的驱动机构带动电连接器与电池包分离，同时，在取电池包的过程中即可实现电连接的分离，提高了取放电池包的效率，进而提高了整个换电效率。具体的，浮动复位元件26可以为弹簧等在外力作用下可发生弹性形变并在外力去除后可恢复形变的元件，浮动复位元件的两端分别与浮动盘21和固定盘28连接，或者浮动复位元件26的两端分别与浮动盘和充电架上的横纵梁连接。
如图14和图15所示，本实施例的电连接器22连接有充电复位元件27，充电复位元件27用于在无电池包4重力作用时，带动电连接器22朝复位。充电复位元件27可设置与电连接器22与安装座24之间，或电连接器22与充电架上的横纵梁之间，通过设置充电复位元件27，在取出电池包的过程中，由于浮动盘21不再对电连接器22施加向下的作用力，电连接器22在充电复位元件27的作用下向上移动恢复到原来的位置，以便后续电池包4的放入。具体的，充电复位元件27可以为弹簧等在外力作用下可发生弹性形变并在外力去除后可恢复形变的元件。
如图14和图15所示，本实施例的浮动复位元件26以及充电复位元件27可以同时设置，由此在无论何种联动机构23的情况下都能够使得电连接器22和浮动盘21复位。在一些联动机构23，例如连杆的情况下，只需要设置浮动复位元件26以及充电复位元件27的一个即可，电连接器22和浮动盘21中任意一个复位便会带动另外一个复位。
如图14和图15所示，本实施例的充电复位元件27为弹性元件，当浮动盘21上承载电池包4时，弹性元件在第二位移的方向上变形，并产生与第二位移反向的方向的弹性变形力。
如图16所示，本实施例的充电设备2还包括引导机构，引导机构用于引导电连接器22在联动机构23的作用下朝电池包4的方向移动以实现电连接。引导机构能够引导电连接器22的移动方向。
如图16所示，本实施例的引导机构包括滑块252和导轨251，其中，电连接器22上固定有滑块252或导轨251，并与相对固定设置的导轨251或滑块252滑动连接。
如图14和图16所示，本实施例的电连接器22包括连接座222以及充电头221，充电头221设于连接座222上，其中，连接座222与联动机构23连接，充电头221用于与电池包4的电连接座连接。
如图16和图17所示，本实施例的连接座222和充电头221之间设置有浮动元件223，实现电连接器22与电池包4之间的浮动电连接。浮动元件223实现了充电头221的浮动位移。由此在与电池包4的电连接座的对接过程中，即使有误差，也可以通过充电头221的浮动位移实现误差的修正。
如图16和图17所示，本实施例的浮动元件223为弹性元件，连接座222内设有容纳充电头221的容纳腔，充电头221通过弹性元件设于容纳腔内。如图16和图17所示，本实施例的充电头221上还设置有定位销220，定位销220用于与设置在电池包4上的定位孔对接。
如图15和图16所示，本实施例的充电设备2还包括滑块252和导轨251，电连接器22还包括基座224，基座224上固定有滑块252或导轨251，并与对应设置的导轨251或滑块252滑动连接，连接座222朝着远离滑块252和导轨251的方向延伸。
如图14所示，本实施例的联动机构23包括滑动机构233、第一牵引件231、第二牵引件232，第一牵引件231分别与滑动机构233、浮动盘21连接，第二牵引件232分别与电连接器22、安装座24，电连接器22安装于安装座24上，并相对安装座24移动，第二牵引件232与滑动机构233滑动连接。由此构成了动滑轮的结构。
第一牵引件231以及第二牵引件232可以为钢丝绳、皮带等结构。滑动机构233可以为滑轮或者滑块等结构。第二牵引件232在滑动机构233的下方滑动，其中，第二牵引件232不仅相对于滑动机构233有滑动，而且也随着滑动机构233一起上下移动。第一牵引件231则是直接固定在滑动机构233上，因此相对于滑动机构233是一起移动的。其中，由此，无论哪个方向的移动，其中，第二牵引件232的移动距离包括相对于滑动机构233的滑动距离以及跟随滑动机构233一起移动的距离，而第一牵引件231只包括随滑动机构233一起移动的距离，因此第二牵引件232的移动距离为第一牵引件231的两倍。同时，第二牵引件232的其中一端与安装座24连接保持固定不移动，因此，第二牵引件232的另一端连接的电连接器22就实现了相对于第一牵引件231的两倍移动距离，由此实现了第二位移大于第一位移。
本实施例中，换电站具有供电动车辆3移动的换电车道，换电车道的一侧或者两侧设置有充电设备2，换电设备2往复运行于充电设备2和电动车辆3之间。
实施例2
如图10和图11所示，本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中翻转驱动装置通过伸缩杆157驱动。因此本实施例中不包括翻转电机。其中，如图10和图11所示，本实施例的伸缩杆157与第一翻转部11和/或第二翻转部12连接并驱动第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12转动。伸缩杆157通过自身的长度方向产生第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的运动。伸缩杆157可以为气动或者液压机构。
伸缩杆157可以设置多个，分别连接第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12。也可以设置为同时连接第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12。其中，本实施例中，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12由于底部均连接于底座14，由此伸缩杆157连接底座14即可实现同时连接。
如图10和图11所示，本实施例的翻转机构10包括一底座14，第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12相对于底座14旋转设置，其中，伸缩杆157的一端转动连接于第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12共同的底部(即转盘13的底部)，伸缩杆157的另一端转动连接于底座14。伸缩杆157自身的长度方向的运动，以及两端的转动可以实现运动的合成，可以在动作时避免卡死，顺畅地实现第一翻转部11和第二翻转部12的翻转。
本实施例中的其他部分与实施例1采用相同的机构，也可以采用其他实施例1可采用的替换手段，故不在此作一一赘述。
实施例3
如图12所示，本实施例的换电站与实施例1的换电站不同之处在于，本实施例中的换电设备1本身可以不具有伸出机构，只具有翻转功能相关的结构(包括翻转机构10)，因此是通过外部的单独的电池取放机构5进行电池的取放。本实施例中，电池取放机构5可以为同一个，也可以为多个。
具体包括，换电设备1可以不具备实施例1的第一伸出机构111以及第二伸出机构121，此时，如图12所示，通过单独的电池取放机构5从充电设备2的充电仓或电动车辆3取电池包4放置在翻转机构上，并且从翻转机构上取电池包4装入充电设备2的充电仓或电动车辆3上。电池取放机构5可以为伸缩机构、电池夹取机构或其它能够实现从充电仓或电动车辆进行取放电池的机构。
或者，换电设备1可以不具备实施例1的第一伸出机构111以及第二伸出机构121中的任意一个，此时，通过单独的电池取放机构5从充电设备2的充电仓或电动车辆3取电池包4放置在翻转机构上，或从翻转机构上取电池包4装入充电设备2的充电仓或电动车辆3上。
换电站的换电设备在结构上相对于平面旋转的换电设备能够显著减少。能够以较小的空间和结构完成在充电站中对较大的电池包的取放。充电设备可以匹配不同方向的电 池包。因此，可以在更小的换电站占地面积情况下，实现对采用单个大电池包的电动车辆的电池更换，从而减少了电池包的成本，利于推广。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种换电站，其特征在于，所述换电站包括：
    载车平台，用于供电动车辆停靠以进行电池包的更换；
    充电设备，所述充电设备具有若干充电仓，用于放置电池包，充电仓内设有电连接器，用于与位于充电仓内的电池包进行电连接以充电；
    换电设备，用于在电动车辆与充电仓之间进行电池的取放和转运，所述换电设备具有翻转机构，所述翻转机构用于将从充电仓或电动车辆上取出的电池包进行竖直翻转。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转机构用于将从电动车辆上取出的亏电电池包从第一位置沿第一方向翻转至第二位置；所述翻转机构还用于将从充电仓取出的满电电池包，从第三位置沿第二方向翻转至第四位置，其中，所述第一方向与第二方向相反。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，所述第一翻转部用于承载位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包，所述第二翻转部用于承载位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包，所述第一翻转部与所述第二翻转部共轴翻转。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的换电站，其特征在于，电池包具有互为垂直第一侧面与第二侧面，当电池包位于第一位置或第四位置时，第一侧面承载于第一翻转部上，第二侧面抵贴于第二翻转部上；当电池包位于第二位置或第三位置时，第二侧面承载于第二翻转部上，第一侧面抵贴于第一翻转部上。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部之间互为垂直设置。
  6. 如权利要求3-5中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部通过同一翻转驱动装置驱动，或者所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部通过不同的翻转驱动装置驱动。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转驱动装置包括伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆与所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部连接并驱动所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部转动。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转驱动装置包括翻转电机以及齿轮组，所述翻转电机驱动齿轮组转动，所述齿轮组与所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部连接并驱动所述第一翻转部和/或所述第二翻转部转动。
  9. 如权利要求2-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，各所述充电仓内还设置有浮动盘以及联动机构，所述联动机构分别与所述浮动盘和所述电连接器连接，在所述浮动盘沿着一第一浮动方向产生第一位移时，所述联动机构带动所述电连接器沿着靠近电池包的方向移动第二位移，以使电连接器与电池包形成电连接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一浮动方向为竖直向下的方向，所述浮动盘在竖直方向上承接所述电池包，所述浮动盘随着电池包的重力朝所述第一浮动方向产生位移。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的换电站，其特征在于，位于第二位置或第三位置的电池包的电连接座朝向充电仓内的电连接器；
    或者，位于第一位置或第四位置的电池包的电连接座朝向电动车辆内的电连接器。
  12. 如权利要求9-11中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转机构用于将位于第二位置的电池包送入所述浮动盘，并通过所述联动机构带动所述电连接器与电池包连接；所述翻转机构从所述第三位置将电池包移出浮动盘，并通过所述联动机构带动所述电连接器与电池包脱离。
  13. 如权利要求9-12中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述联动机构包括滑动机构、第一牵引件、第二牵引件，第一牵引件分别与滑动机构、浮动盘连接，第二牵引件分别与电连接器、安装座连接件，电连接器安装于安装座上，并相对安装座移动，第二牵引件与滑动机构滑动连接。
  14. 如权利要求9-13中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，第一翻转部用于承载从电动车辆取出的位于第一位置的电池包或将位于第四位置的电池包送入电动车辆，第二翻转部用于位于第二位置的电池包送入浮动盘，或承载从浮动盘取出的位于第三位置的电池包。
  15. 如权利要求6-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电设备包括一升降机构以及一外部框架，所述翻转驱动装置连接于所述升降机构，并驱动所述翻转机构相对于所述升降机构转动连接，所述升降机构连接于所述外部框架，并相对于所述外部框架进行上下移动从而对接不同高度的充电仓。
  16. 如权利要求3、6-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一翻转部包括一第一伸出机构，所述第二翻转部包括一第二伸出机构，其中，所述第一伸出机构用于从电动车辆上取出电池并放置于第一翻转部上的第一位置，或将位于第四位置的电池包送入电动车辆，所述第二伸出机构用于将位于第二位置的电池包送入充电仓或从充电仓中取出电池并放置于第二翻转部上的第三位置；
    优选的，所述第一伸出机构的传送路线以及所述第二伸出机构的传送路线相交，以使得电池包在所述第一伸出机构和所述第二伸出机构之间接力传送；
    优选的，在所述第一位置和所述第四位置，所述第一翻转部水平设置并与电动车辆对接；在所述第二位置和所述第三位置，所述第二翻转部水平设置并与充电仓对接。
  17. 如权利要求3、6-8中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部均连接于一转盘，所述转盘带动所述第一翻转部和所述第二翻转部一起旋转，其中，第二位置与第三位置为同一位置，第一位置与第四位置是同一位置。
  18. 如权利要求9-14中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述翻转机构包括第一翻转部以及第二翻转部，所述第一浮动方向为竖直向下的方向，所述第二翻转部在水平位置向所述浮动盘移入电池包，电池包在竖直方向上承接所述电池包，所述浮动盘随着电池包的重力朝所述第一浮动方向产生位移。
  19. 如权利要求9-14、18中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述电连接器连接有充电复位元件，所述翻转机构将电池包移出所述浮动盘后，所述充电复位元件带动所述电连接器复位。
  20. 如权利要求1-19中至少一项所述的换电站，其特征在于，所述换电站具有供电动车辆移动的换电车道，所述换电车道的一侧或者两侧设置有充电设备，所述换电设备往复运行于所述充电设备和电动车辆之间。
PCT/CN2021/085650 2020-04-03 2021-04-06 换电站 WO2021197494A1 (zh)

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CN117533271A (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-02-09 威海易行能源科技有限公司 重型电动卡车电池单边更换站
CN117533271B (zh) * 2023-12-08 2024-04-30 威海易行能源科技有限公司 重型电动卡车电池单边更换站

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